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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008
or
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 1-6402-1
SERVICE CORPORATION INTERNATIONAL
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Texas | 74-1488375 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I. R. S. employer identification number) | |
1929 Allen Parkway, Houston, Texas | 77019 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip code) |
713-522-5141
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
None
(Former name, former address, or former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
(Former name, former address, or former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YESþ NOo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filerþ | Accelerated filero | Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting companyo |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YESo NOþ
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of November 5, 2008 was 255,602,747 (net of treasury shares).
SERVICE CORPORATION INTERNATIONAL
INDEX
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GLOSSARY
The following terms are common to the deathcare industry, are used throughout this report, and have the following meanings:
Atneed — Funeral and cemetery arrangements after the death has occurred.
Burial Vaults — A reinforced outer burial container intended to protect the casket against the weight of the earth.
Cremation — The reduction of human remains to bone fragments by intense heat.
General Agency (GA) Revenues — Commissions paid to the General Agency (GA) for life insurance policies or annuities sold to preneed customers for the purpose of funding funeral arrangements. The commission rate paid is determined based on the product type sold, the length of payment terms, and the age of the insured/annuitant.
Interment — The burial or final placement of human remains in the ground.
Lawn Crypt — An outer burial receptacle constructed of concrete and reinforced steel, which is usually pre-installed in predetermined designated areas.
Marker — A method of identifying the remains in a particular burial space, crypt, or niche. Permanent burial markers are usually made of bronze, granite, or stone.
Maturity — At the time of death. This is the point at which preneed contracts are converted to atneed contracts.
Mausoleum — An above ground structure that is designed to house caskets and cremation urns.
Cemetery Perpetual Care or Endowment Care Fund— A trust fund used for the maintenance and upkeep of burial spaces within a cemetery in perpetuity.
Preneed — Purchase of products and services prior to use.
Preneed Backlog — Future revenues from unfulfilled preneed funeral and cemetery contractual arrangements.
Production — Sales of preneed funeral and preneed or atneed cemetery contracts.
As used herein, “SCI”, “Company”, “we”, “our”, and “us” refer to Service Corporation International and companies owned directly or indirectly by Service Corporation International, unless the context requires otherwise.
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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
SERVICE CORPORATION INTERNATIONAL
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | 516,439 | $ | 539,334 | $ | 1,638,672 | $ | 1,712,381 | ||||||||
Costs and expenses | (434,370 | ) | (436,819 | ) | (1,311,646 | ) | (1,365,644 | ) | ||||||||
Gross profit | 82,069 | 102,515 | 327,026 | 346,737 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expenses | (16,107 | ) | (32,069 | ) | (62,840 | ) | (97,456 | ) | ||||||||
(Loss) gain on divestitures and impairment charges, net | (12,819 | ) | 4,886 | (28,723 | ) | 6,949 | ||||||||||
Hurricane expense, net | (4,313 | ) | — | (4,313 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Other operating income, net | — | — | 585 | — | ||||||||||||
Operating income | 48,830 | 75,332 | 231,735 | 256,230 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | (33,222 | ) | (38,090 | ) | (100,602 | ) | (111,852 | ) | ||||||||
Loss on early extinguishment of debt | — | — | — | (14,480 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest income | 996 | 4,254 | 4,369 | 8,324 | ||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries | — | 2,460 | — | 8,730 | ||||||||||||
Other expense, net | (805 | ) | (1,049 | ) | (1,061 | ) | (3,981 | ) | ||||||||
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 15,799 | 42,907 | 134,441 | 142,971 | ||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | (1,160 | ) | (14,062 | ) | (46,524 | ) | (66,500 | ) | ||||||||
Income from continuing operations | 14,639 | 28,845 | 87,917 | 76,471 | ||||||||||||
(Loss) income from discontinued operations (net of income tax provision (benefit) of $0, $2,223, $(195), and $4,183, respectively) | — | (675 | ) | (362 | ) | 4,459 | ||||||||||
Net income | $ | 14,639 | $ | 28,170 | $ | 87,555 | $ | 80,930 | ||||||||
Basic earnings per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations | $ | .06 | $ | .10 | $ | .34 | $ | .26 | ||||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | — | — | .02 | ||||||||||||
Net income | $ | .06 | $ | .10 | $ | .34 | $ | .28 | ||||||||
Diluted earnings per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations | $ | .06 | $ | .10 | $ | .33 | $ | .26 | ||||||||
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax | — | — | — | .01 | ||||||||||||
Net income | $ | .06 | $ | .10 | $ | .33 | $ | .27 | ||||||||
Basic weighted average number of shares | 256,788 | 284,511 | 258,868 | 289,437 | ||||||||||||
Diluted weighted average number of shares | 259,835 | 289,597 | 262,482 | 294,848 | ||||||||||||
Dividends declared per share | $ | .04 | $ | .03 | $ | .12 | $ | .09 | ||||||||
(See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements)
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SERVICE CORPORATION INTERNATIONAL
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
(UNAUDITED)
(In thousands, except share amounts)
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||
Assets | ||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 171,903 | $ | 168,594 | ||||
Receivables, net | 90,469 | 113,793 | ||||||
Inventories | 32,635 | 36,203 | ||||||
Income tax receivable | 95,303 | 1,426 | ||||||
Deferred tax asset | 73,018 | 73,182 | ||||||
Current assets held for sale | 1,747 | 2,294 | ||||||
Other | 15,205 | 25,835 | ||||||
Total current assets | 480,280 | 421,327 | ||||||
Preneed funeral receivables and trust investments | 1,342,211 | 1,434,403 | ||||||
Preneed cemetery receivables and trust investments | 1,301,873 | 1,428,057 | ||||||
Cemetery property, at cost | 1,456,199 | 1,451,666 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net | 1,566,689 | 1,569,534 | ||||||
Non-current assets held for sale | 123,312 | 122,626 | ||||||
Goodwill | 1,216,748 | 1,198,153 | ||||||
Deferred charges and other assets | 455,499 | 400,734 | ||||||
Cemetery perpetual care trust investments | 813,857 | 905,744 | ||||||
$ | 8,756,668 | $ | 8,932,244 | |||||
Liabilities & Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | $ | 333,201 | $ | 343,392 | ||||
Current maturities of long-term debt | 56,271 | 36,594 | ||||||
Current liabilities held for sale | 258 | 149 | ||||||
Income taxes | — | 46,305 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 389,730 | 426,440 | ||||||
Long-term debt | 1,835,838 | 1,820,106 | ||||||
Deferred preneed funeral revenues | 575,558 | 526,668 | ||||||
Deferred preneed cemetery revenues | 778,861 | 753,876 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 237,481 | 140,623 | ||||||
Non-current liabilities held for sale | 96,265 | 91,928 | ||||||
Other liabilities | 369,779 | 383,642 | ||||||
Non-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trusts | 2,192,401 | 2,390,288 | ||||||
Non-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trusts | 829,348 | 906,590 | ||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) | ||||||||
Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||
Common stock, $1 per share par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized, 257,823,110 and 262,858,169 issued and outstanding (net of 8,905,863 and 1,961,300 treasury shares, at par, respectively) | 257,823 | 262,858 | ||||||
Capital in excess of par value | 1,810,368 | 1,874,600 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit | (736,284 | ) | (797,965 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 119,500 | 152,590 | ||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 1,451,407 | 1,492,083 | ||||||
$ | 8,756,668 | $ | 8,932,244 | |||||
(See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements)
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SERVICE CORPORATION INTERNATIONAL
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(In thousands)
Nine months ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 87,555 | $ | 80,930 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
Loss (income) from discontinued operations, net of tax | 362 | (4,459 | ) | |||||
Loss on early extinguishment of debt | — | 14,480 | ||||||
Premiums paid on early extinguishment of debt | — | (11,368 | ) | |||||
Depreciation and amortization | 102,350 | 109,526 | ||||||
Amortization of cemetery property | 23,824 | 24,983 | ||||||
Amortization of loan costs | 2,718 | 5,202 | ||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts | 6,768 | 7,753 | ||||||
Provision for deferred income taxes | 94,107 | 20,798 | ||||||
Loss (gain) on divestitures and impairment charges, net | 28,723 | (6,949 | ) | |||||
Share-based compensation | 7,626 | 7,898 | ||||||
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards | (3,219 | ) | (5,159 | ) | ||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries | — | (8,730 | ) | |||||
Change in assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions and divestitures: | ||||||||
Decrease (increase) in receivables | 7,786 | (7,027 | ) | |||||
Increase in other assets | (71,977 | ) | (4,299 | ) | ||||
(Decrease) increase in payables and other liabilities | (92,603 | ) | 33,436 | |||||
Effect of preneed funeral production and maturities: | ||||||||
Decrease in preneed funeral receivables and trust investments | 8,605 | 27,236 | ||||||
Increase in deferred preneed funeral revenue | 23,229 | 38,854 | ||||||
Decrease in funeral non-controlling interest | (25,284 | ) | (50,013 | ) | ||||
Effect of cemetery production and deliveries: | ||||||||
Decrease in preneed cemetery receivables and trust investments | 29,734 | 41,811 | ||||||
Increase in deferred preneed cemetery revenue | 23,186 | 32,092 | ||||||
Decrease in cemetery non-controlling interest | (19,596 | ) | (36,228 | ) | ||||
Other | (578 | ) | 580 | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations | 233,316 | 311,347 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities from discontinued operations | — | 17,279 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 233,316 | 328,626 | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||||||||
Capital expenditures | (108,324 | ) | (113,607 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from divestitures and sales of property and equipment | 19,221 | 314,255 | ||||||
Acquisitions | (8,545 | ) | (3,308 | ) | ||||
Net deposits of restricted funds and other | (21,476 | ) | (236 | ) | ||||
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities from continuing operations | (119,124 | ) | 197,104 | |||||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities from discontinued operations | 858 | (8,546 | ) | |||||
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | (118,266 | ) | 188,558 | |||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||||||||
Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt | 72,807 | 398,996 | ||||||
Debt issuance costs | — | (6,443 | ) | |||||
Payments of debt | (54,403 | ) | (3,043 | ) | ||||
Principal payments on capital leases | (18,550 | ) | (22,060 | ) | ||||
Early extinguishment of debt | — | (422,545 | ) | |||||
Purchase of Company common stock | (79,470 | ) | (211,082 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 6,097 | 19,373 | ||||||
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards | 3,219 | 5,159 | ||||||
Payments of dividends | (31,166 | ) | (26,265 | ) | ||||
Bank overdrafts and other | (8,624 | ) | (829 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations | (110,090 | ) | (268,739 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in financing activities from discontinued operations | — | (2,113 | ) | |||||
Net cash used in financing activities | (110,090 | ) | (270,852 | ) | ||||
Effect of foreign currency on cash and cash equivalents | (1,651 | ) | 1,526 | |||||
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | 3,309 | 247,858 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 168,594 | 39,880 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 171,903 | $ | 287,738 | ||||
(See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements)
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SERVICE CORPORATION INTERNATIONAL
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(UNAUDITED)
(In thousands)
Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Treasury | Capital in | other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding | Common | stock, par | excess of | Accumulated | comprehensive | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
shares | stock | value | par value | deficit | income | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 | 262,858 | $ | 264,819 | $ | (1,961 | ) | $ | 1,874,600 | $ | (797,965 | ) | $ | 152,590 | $ | 1,492,083 | ||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change | (3,265 | ) | (3,265 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 87,555 | 87,555 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared on common stock ($.12 per share) | (30,921 | ) | (30,921 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss | (33,090 | ) | (33,090 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Employee share-based compensation earned | 6,917 | 6,917 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock option exercises | 1,617 | 1,617 | 4,480 | 6,097 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures and other | 354 | 293 | 61 | 355 | 709 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit related to share-based awards | 4,792 | 4,792 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of Company stock | (7,006 | ) | (7,006 | ) | (49,855 | ) | (22,609 | ) | (79,470 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2008 | 257,823 | $ | 266,729 | $ | (8,906 | ) | $ | 1,810,368 | $ | (736,284 | ) | $ | 119,500 | $ | 1,451,407 | ||||||||||||||
(See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements)
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SERVICE CORPORATION INTERNATIONAL
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
1. Nature of Operations
We are a provider of deathcare products and services, with a network of funeral service locations and cemeteries primarily operating in the United States and Canada. Our operations consist of funeral service locations, cemeteries, funeral service/cemetery combination locations, crematoria, and related businesses.
Funeral service locations provide professional services relating to funerals and cremations, including the use of funeral facilities and motor vehicles and preparation and embalming services. Funeral related merchandise, including caskets, burial vaults, cremation receptacles, flowers, and other ancillary products and services, is sold at funeral service locations. Cemeteries provide cemetery property interment rights, including mausoleum spaces, lots, and lawn crypts, and sell cemetery related merchandise and services, including stone and bronze memorials, markers, casket and cremation memorialization products, merchandise installations, and burial openings and closings. We also sell preneed funeral and cemetery products and services whereby a customer contractually agrees to the terms of certain products and services to be provided in the future.
We divested 70% of Kenyon International Emergency Services (Kenyon), a company that specializes in providing disaster management services in mass fatality incidents, in the fourth quarter of 2007. Kenyon’s results are included in our funeral operations segment through the date of the sale. In the fourth quarter of 2006, as part of our strategy to enhance our position as North America’s premier funeral and cemetery provider, we acquired Alderwoods Group, Inc. (Alderwoods). As part of the Alderwoods transaction, we acquired an insurance business that we sold in the third quarter of 2007. The operations of this business through the date of sale are presented as discontinued operations in our condensed consolidated statement of operations.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation
Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Service Corporation International and all subsidiaries in which we hold a controlling financial interest. Our financial statements also include the accounts of the funeral trusts, cemetery merchandise and services trusts, and cemetery perpetual care trusts in which we have a variable interest and are the primary beneficiary. Our interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited but include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals and any other adjustments, which management considers necessary for a fair presentation of our results for these periods. Our condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in a manner consistent with the accounting policies described in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, unless otherwise disclosed herein, and should be read in conjunction therewith. The accompanying year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year period.
Reclassifications and Prior Period Items
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current period financial statement presentation with no effect on our previously reported results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
In connection with our ongoing efforts to remediate our previously reported material weaknesses and other internal control deficiencies, we recorded several immaterial adjustments related to prior accounting periods during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008. These adjustments were not quantitatively or qualitatively material to our condensed consolidated financial statements for the three or nine months ended September 30, 2008, nor were such items quantitatively or qualitatively material to any of our prior annual or quarterly financial statements. The net impact of these adjustments was a decrease to our pre-tax income in the amount of $2.1 million and $4.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively.
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Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements
The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions as described in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. These estimates and assumptions may affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. As a result, actual results could differ from these estimates.
Goodwill
We test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more often if events or circumstances indicate that there might be impairment. We will perform our annual review of goodwill during the fourth quarter of 2008 in accordance with our accounting policy. If market conditions continue to deteriorate, this could increase the likelihood of recording an impairment charge in the future to the extent that the book value, including goodwill, exceeds the estimated fair value of a reporting unit.
3. Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Disclosures about Credit Derivatives
In September 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Staff Position Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 133-1 and FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 45-4, “Disclosures about Credit Derivatives and Certain Guarantees: An Amendment of SFAS No. 133 and FIN No. 45; and Clarification of Effective Date of SFAS No. 161” (FSP 133-1). FSP 133-1 requires disclosures by sellers of credit derivatives, including credit derivatives embedded in a hybrid instruments and requires additional disclosure about the current status of the payment/performance risk of a guarantee. The provisions of this FSP that amend SFAS No. 133 and FIN No. 45 are effective for reporting periods ending after November 15, 2008. The adoption of this statement is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Sales of Real Estate
In July 2008, the FASB ratified the consensus reached by the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) on Issue No. 07-06 “Accounting for Sale of Real Estate Subject to the Requirements of SFAS No. 66” (EITF 07-06). EITF 07-06 provides clarification whether a buy-sell clause is a prohibited form of continuing involvement that would preclude partial sales treatment under SFAS No. 66, “Accounting for Sales of Real Estate.”The provisions of EITF 07-06 are effective for new arrangements entered into and assessments performed in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007. The adoption of this statement has not had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. The future impact of adopting EITF 07-06 will be dependent on sales of real estate, if any, that we may pursue.
Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets
In April 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (FSP 142-3). FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” and requires enhanced related disclosures. FSP 142-3 must be applied prospectively to all intangible assets acquired as of and subsequent to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting FSP 142-3 on our consolidated financial statements.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161,“Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — An Amendment of FASB Statement No. 133”(SFAS 161). SFAS 161 amends and expands the disclosures required by SFAS 133 to provide an enhanced understanding of the reasons an entity engages in derivate instruments and hedging activities. It also requires disclosures about how such items are accounted for under SFAS 133 and how they impact the entity’s financial statements. The provisions of SFAS 161 are effective for us beginning January 1, 2009. The adoption of this statement is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Business Combinations
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007),“Business Combinations”(SFAS 141(R)), which establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired (including goodwill), the liabilities assumed and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree. SFAS 141(R) also establishes disclosure requirements to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. The provisions of SFAS 141(R) are effective for us for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009, with the exception of certain income tax effects related to our prior business combinations, which will be accounted for pursuant to the provisions of SFAS 141(R). The impact of adopting SFAS 141(R) will be dependent on future business combinations, if any, that we may pursue after its effective date.
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Non-controlling Interests
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160,“Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51”(SFAS 160), which establishes accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 clarifies that a non-controlling interest in a subsidiary, which is sometimes referred to as an unconsolidated investment, is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as a component of equity in the consolidated financial statements. Among other requirements, SFAS 160 requires consolidated net income to be reported at amounts attributable to both the parent and the non-controlling interest. It also requires disclosure, on the face of the consolidated income statement, of the amounts of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the non-controlling interest. The provisions of SFAS 160 are effective for us on January 1, 2009. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting SFAS 160 on our consolidated financial statements.
Split-Dollar Life Insurance Agreements
In March 2007, the FASB ratified the consensus reached by the EITF on Issue No. 06-10 "Accounting for Collateral Assignment Split-Dollar Life Insurance Agreements” (EITF 06-10). EITF 06-10 provides guidance for determining the liability for the postretirement benefit obligation as well as recognition and measurement of the associated asset on the basis of the terms of a collateral assignment agreement. We adopted the provisions of EITF 06-10 effective January 1, 2008. As a result of our adoption, we recorded a $3.3 million cumulative-effect adjustment which increased ourAccumulated deficitas of January 1, 2008.
Fair Value Option
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159,“The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities”(SFAS 159). SFAS 159 permits entities to choose to measure various financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected are reported in earnings. The fair value option may be elected on an instrument-by-instrument basis, as long as it is applied to the instrument in its entirety. The election is irrevocable, unless an event specified in SFAS 159 occurs that results in a new election date. We adopted the provisions of SFAS 159 effective January 1, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 159 had no impact on our consolidated financial statements as we elected not to measure any additional financial instruments at fair value as of the date of adoption.
Fair Value Measurements
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157,“Fair Value Measurements”(SFAS 157). The statement defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about instruments measured at fair value. SFAS 157 establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows:
• | Level 1 — inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets; | ||
• | Level 2 — inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument; | ||
• | Level 3 — inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. |
An asset’s or liability’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
The provisions of SFAS 157 have not been applied to our non-financial assets and liabilities. The major categories of assets and liabilities that are subject to non-recurring fair value measurement, for which we have not yet applied the provisions of SFAS 157, are as follows: reporting units measured at fair value in the first step of a goodwill impairment test under SFAS No. 142,“Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”(SFAS 142); indefinite-lived intangible assets measured at fair value for impairment assessment under SFAS 142; non-financial assets measured at fair value for an impairment assessment under SFAS No. 144,“Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,”and non-financial assets and liabilities initially measured at fair value in a business combination under SFAS No. 141,“Business Combinations”.
In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) FAS 157-1.“Application of FASB Statement No. 157 to FASB Statement 13 and Other Accounting Pronouncements that Address Fair Value Measurements for Purposes of Lease Classification or Measurement under Statement 13”(FSP 157-1) and FSP No. FAS 157-2,“Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157”(FSP 157-2). FSP 157-1 amends SFAS 157 to exclude SFAS No. 13,“Accounting for Leases”and its related accounting pronouncements that
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address leasing transactions. FSP 157-2 provides a one-year deferral of the effective date of SFAS 157 for non-financial assets and liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed in the financial statements at fair value at least annually. In accordance with FSP 157-2, we adopted the provisions of SFAS 157 for our financial assets and liabilities that are measured on a recurring basis at fair value, effective January 1, 2008. These financial assets include the investments of our funeral, cemetery, and cemetery perpetual care trusts. For additional disclosures required by SFAS 157 for these assets, see Notes 4 through 6 to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
In October 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. SFAS 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active” (FSP SFAS 157-3), which clarifies the application of SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements,” in a market that is not active and provides an example to illustrate key considerations in determining the fair value of a financial asset when the market for that financial asset is not active. FSP SFAS 157-3 is effective immediately, including prior periods for which financial statements have not been issued. We adopted FSP SFAS 157-3 effective with the preparation of our financial statements for the quarter ended September 30, 2008. The adoption of FSP SFAS 157-3 had no impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
4. Preneed Funeral Activities
Preneed funeral receivables and trust investments, net of allowance for cancellation, represent trust investments, including investment earnings, and customer receivables, net of unearned finance charges, related to unperformed, price-guaranteed preneed funeral contracts. When we, as the primary beneficiary, receive payments from the customer, we deposit the amount required by law into the trust and reclassify the corresponding amount fromDeferred preneed funeral revenuesintoNon-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trusts.Amounts are withdrawn from the trusts after the contract obligations are performed. Cash flows from preneed funeral contracts are presented as operating cash flows in our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.
The table below sets forth the investment-related activities associated with our preneed funeral trusts:
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Deposits | $ | 26,187 | $ | 20,753 | $ | 70,959 | $ | 66,118 | ||||||||
Withdrawals | 24,528 | 37,821 | 95,039 | 111,971 | ||||||||||||
Purchases of available-for-sale securities | 116,264 | 341,986 | 306,035 | 653,921 | ||||||||||||
Sales of available-for-sale securities | 76,922 | 379,659 | 311,517 | 575,127 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains from sales of available-for-sale securities | 7,535 | 54,926 | 37,844 | 87,677 | ||||||||||||
Realized losses from sales of available-for-sale securities | 8,078 | 10,781 | 34,968 | 22,851 |
The components ofPreneed funeral receivables and trust investmentsin our condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are as follows:
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Trust investments, at market | $ | 787,585 | $ | 848,195 | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 125,850 | 194,728 | ||||||
Insurance-backed fixed income securities | 222,298 | 201,258 | ||||||
Receivables from customers | 242,558 | 225,905 | ||||||
Unearned finance charge | (6,212 | ) | (5,961 | ) | ||||
1,372,079 | 1,464,125 | |||||||
Allowance for cancellation | (29,868 | ) | (29,722 | ) | ||||
Preneed funeral receivables and trust investments | $ | 1,342,211 | $ | 1,434,403 | ||||
The cost and market values associated with our funeral trust investments recorded at fair market value at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are detailed below. Cost reflects the investment (net of redemptions) of control holders in common trust funds, mutual funds, and private equity investments. Fair market value represents the value of the underlying securities and cash held by the common trust funds, mutual funds at published values, and the estimated market value of private equity investments (including debt as
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well as the estimated fair value related to the contract holder’s equity in majority-owned real estate investments). The fair market value of our funeral trust investments, in the aggregate, was 87% and 101% of the related cost basis of such investments as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair market | ||||||||||||||
Cost | gains | losses | value | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed income securities: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury | $ | 60,504 | $ | 180 | $ | (7,777 | ) | $ | 52,907 | |||||||
Foreign government | 103,003 | 617 | (638 | ) | 102,982 | |||||||||||
Corporate | 19,246 | 98 | (468 | ) | 18,876 | |||||||||||
Mortgage-backed | 18,594 | 60 | (2,990 | ) | 15,664 | |||||||||||
Asset-backed | 20 | — | — | 20 | ||||||||||||
Equity securities: | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock | 383,861 | 4,978 | (61,674 | ) | 327,165 | |||||||||||
Mutual funds: | ||||||||||||||||
Equity | 111,327 | 227 | (19,428 | ) | 92,126 | |||||||||||
Fixed income | 166,758 | 732 | (22,609 | ) | 144,881 | |||||||||||
Private equity and other | 43,016 | 2,152 | (7,642 | ) | 37,526 | |||||||||||
Trust investments | $ | 906,329 | $ | 9,044 | $ | (123,226 | ) | $ | 792,147 | |||||||
Less: Assets associated with businesses held for sale | (4,562 | ) | ||||||||||||||
$ | 787,585 | |||||||||||||||
December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair market | ||||||||||||||
Cost | gains | losses | value | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed income securities: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury | $ | 79,430 | $ | 630 | $ | (378 | ) | $ | 79,682 | |||||||
Foreign government | 60,330 | 344 | (440 | ) | 60,234 | |||||||||||
Corporate | 14,937 | 206 | (233 | ) | 14,910 | |||||||||||
Mortgage-backed | 2,670 | 53 | (17 | ) | 2,706 | |||||||||||
Asset-backed | 33 | — | — | 33 | ||||||||||||
Equity securities: | ||||||||||||||||
Preferred stock | 1,581 | 36 | (23 | ) | 1,594 | |||||||||||
Common stock | 378,628 | 12,415 | (6,131 | ) | 384,912 | |||||||||||
Mutual funds: | ||||||||||||||||
Equity | 127,606 | 3,991 | (2,246 | ) | 129,351 | |||||||||||
Fixed income | 140,857 | 3,005 | (1,612 | ) | 142,250 | |||||||||||
Private equity and other | 43,820 | 2,815 | (5,297 | ) | 41,338 | |||||||||||
Trust investments | $ | 849,892 | $ | 23,495 | $ | (16,377 | ) | $ | 857,010 | |||||||
Less: Assets associated with businesses held for sale | (8,815 | ) | ||||||||||||||
$ | 848,195 | |||||||||||||||
Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities held by the common trust funds and mutual funds are classified as Level 1 investments pursuant to the three-level valuation hierarchy provided in SFAS 157. Our investments classified as Level 1 securities include common stock and mutual funds.
Where quoted market prices are not available for the specific security, then fair values are estimated by using either quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or a fair value model with observable inputs that include a combination of interest rates, yield curves, credit risks, prepayment speeds, rating, and tax exempt status. These securities are United States (U.S.) Treasury, foreign government, corporate, mortgage-backed and asset-backed fixed income securities, and preferred stock equity securities, all of which are classified within Level 2 of the SFAS 157 valuation hierarchy.
The valuation of private equity and other investments requires significant management judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices, inherent lack of liquidity, and the long-term nature of such assets. The fair value of these investments is estimated based on the market value of the underlying real estate and private equity investments. The underlying real estate value is determined using the most recent available appraisals. Private equity investments are valued using market appraisals or a discounted cash flow
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methodology depending on the nature of the underlying assets. The appraisals assess value based on a combination of replacement cost, comparative sales analysis, and discounted cash flow analysis. As a result of the adoption of SFAS 157 in the first quarter of 2008, we recorded a $3.5 million decrease in the fair value of our private equity investments held by the funeral trusts to reflect time-based restrictions on the exit from the investments. As a result of the adoption we recorded the decrease and a corresponding increase for the non-controlling interest in funeral trust investments inOther Comprehensive Income in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Such private equity and other investments are included within Level 3 of the SFAS 157 valuation hierarchy. We further reviewed our private equity and other investments in accordance with the guidance included in FSP SFAS 157-3 (see Recently Issued Accounting Standards above) and determined that no additional adjustments to fair value were required.
The inputs into the fair value of our market-based funeral trust investments are categorized as follows:
September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Quoted | Significant | |||||||||||||||
market prices | other | Significant | ||||||||||||||
in active | observable | unobservable | Fair market | |||||||||||||
markets (Level 1) | inputs (Level 2) | inputs (Level 3) | value | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Trust investments | $ | 564,172 | $ | 190,449 | $ | 37,526 | $ | 792,147 | ||||||||
The change in our market-based funeral trust investments with significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) is as follows (in thousands): | ||||||||||||||||
Fair market value, January 1, 2008 | $ | 37,865 | ||||||||||||||
Total unrealized losses included in other comprehensive income (a) | (229 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Purchases, sales, contributions, and distributions, net | (110 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Fair market value, September 30, 2008 | $ | 37,526 | ||||||||||||||
(a) | All gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income for funeral trust investments are attributable to non-controlling interest holders and are offset by a corresponding increase (decrease) inNon-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trusts. See Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information related to our non-controlling interest in funeral trust investments. |
Maturity dates of our fixed income securities range from 2008 to 2038. Maturities of fixed income securities included in trust investments, at market, at September 30, 2008 are estimated as follows:
Market | ||||
(In thousands) | ||||
Due in one year or less | $ | 81,593 | ||
Due in one to five years | 45,527 | |||
Due in five to ten years | 40,183 | |||
Thereafter | 23,146 | |||
$ | 190,449 | |||
Earnings from all trust investments are recognized in current funeral revenues when a service is performed, merchandise is delivered, or upon cancellation of the funeral contract. Only the amount we are entitled to retain is recognized when a contract is canceled. Recognized earnings (realized and unrealized) related to these trust investments were $10.1 million and $11.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Recognized earnings (realized and unrealized) related to these trust investments were $31.2 million and $33.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
We assess our trust investments for other-than-temporary declines in fair value on a quarterly basis. Impairment charges, if any, as a result of this assessment are recognized as investment losses and offset by the non-controlling interest in funeral trust investments inOther income, netin our condensed consolidated statement of operations. As a result of our most recent review at September 30, 2008, we recorded a $1.3 million impairment charge for other-than-temporary declines in fair value related to unrealized losses on certain equity securities. In the second quarter of 2007, we recorded a $3.5 million impairment charge for other-than-temporary declines in fair value related to unrealized losses on certain private equity and other investments. See Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information related to our non-controlling interest in funeral trust investments.
5. Preneed Cemetery Activities
Preneed cemetery receivables and trust investments, net of allowance for cancellation, represent trust investments, including investment earnings, and customer receivables, net of unearned finance charges, for contracts sold in advance of when the property
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interment rights, merchandise, or services are needed. When we, as the primary beneficiary, receive payments from the customer, we deposit the amount required by law into the trust and reclassify the corresponding amount fromDeferred preneed cemetery revenuesintoNon-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trusts.Amounts are withdrawn from the trusts when the contract obligations are performed. Cash flows from preneed cemetery contracts are presented as operating cash flows in our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.
The table below sets forth the investment-related activities associated with our preneed cemetery trusts:
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Deposits | $ | 29,602 | $ | 30,077 | $ | 84,914 | $ | 89,314 | ||||||||
Withdrawals | 30,360 | 40,108 | 103,099 | 121,313 | ||||||||||||
Purchases of available-for-sale securities | 119,727 | 448,334 | 754,276 | 805,364 | ||||||||||||
Sales of available-for-sale securities | 94,052 | 461,269 | 341,284 | 664,846 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains from sales of available-for-sale securities | 11,462 | 65,959 | 34,876 | 102,296 | ||||||||||||
Realized losses from sales of available-for-sale securities | 8,561 | 10,874 | 38,372 | 23,290 |
The components ofPreneed cemetery receivables and trust investmentsin our condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are as follows:
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Trust investments, at market | $ | 898,433 | $ | 759,215 | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 140,716 | 399,301 | ||||||
Receivables from customers | 347,243 | 351,409 | ||||||
Unearned finance charges | (49,274 | ) | (47,527 | ) | ||||
1,337,118 | 1,462,398 | |||||||
Allowance for cancellation | (35,245 | ) | (34,341 | ) | ||||
Preneed cemetery receivables and trust investments | $ | 1,301,873 | $ | 1,428,057 | ||||
The cost and market values associated with our cemetery merchandise and service trust investments recorded at fair market value at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are detailed below. Cost reflects the investment (net of redemptions) of control holders in common trust funds, mutual funds, and private equity investments. Fair market value represents the value of the underlying securities and cash held by the common trust funds, mutual funds at published values, and the estimated market value of private equity investments (including debt as well as the estimated fair value related to the contract holder’s equity in majority-owned real estate investments). The fair market value of our cemetery trust investments, in the aggregate, was 87% and 104% of the related cost basis of such investments as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair market | ||||||||||||||
Cost | gains | losses | value | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed income securities: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury | $ | 51,627 | $ | 39 | $ | (7,246 | ) | $ | 44,420 | |||||||
Foreign government | 14,783 | 47 | (159 | ) | 14,671 | |||||||||||
Corporate | 11,176 | 73 | (369 | ) | 10,880 | |||||||||||
Mortgage-backed | 16,206 | 12 | (2,276 | ) | 13,942 | |||||||||||
Equity securities: | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock | 536,945 | 7,142 | (78,368 | ) | 465,719 | |||||||||||
Mutual funds: | ||||||||||||||||
Equity | 235,536 | 1,573 | (34,677 | ) | 202,432 | |||||||||||
Fixed income | 212,308 | 396 | (27,059 | ) | 185,645 | |||||||||||
Private equity and other | 27,351 | 942 | (5,141 | ) | 23,152 | |||||||||||
Trust investments | $ | 1,105,932 | $ | 10,224 | $ | (155,295 | ) | $ | 960,861 | |||||||
Less: Assets associated with businesses held for sale | (62,428 | ) | ||||||||||||||
$ | 898,433 | |||||||||||||||
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December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair market | ||||||||||||||
Cost | gains | losses | value | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed income securities: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury | $ | 19,371 | $ | 899 | $ | (205 | ) | $ | 20,065 | |||||||
Foreign government | 14,016 | 296 | — | 14,312 | ||||||||||||
Corporate | 17,297 | 452 | (90 | ) | 17,659 | |||||||||||
Equity securities: | ||||||||||||||||
Preferred stock | 2,979 | 144 | (33 | ) | 3,090 | |||||||||||
Common stock | 402,028 | 20,923 | (5,956 | ) | 416,995 | |||||||||||
Mutual funds: | ||||||||||||||||
Equity | 182,214 | 12,905 | (2,861 | ) | 192,258 | |||||||||||
Fixed income | 126,728 | 5,535 | (1,185 | ) | 131,078 | |||||||||||
Private equity and other | 26,124 | 2,103 | (3,493 | ) | 24,734 | |||||||||||
Trust investments | $ | 790,757 | $ | 43,257 | $ | (13,823 | ) | $ | 820,191 | |||||||
Less: Assets associated with businesses held for sale | (60,976 | ) | ||||||||||||||
$ | 759,215 | |||||||||||||||
Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities held by the common trust funds and mutual funds are classified as Level 1 investments pursuant to the three-level valuation hierarchy provided in SFAS 157. Our investments classified as Level 1 securities include common stock and mutual funds.
Where quoted market prices are not available for the specific security, then fair values are estimated by using either quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or a fair value model with observable inputs that include a combination of interest rates, yield curves, credit risks, prepayment speeds, rating, and tax exempt status. These securities are U.S. Treasury, foreign government, corporate, mortgage-backed and asset-backed fixed income securities, and preferred stock equity securities, all of which are classified within Level 2 of the SFAS 157 valuation hierarchy.
The valuation of private equity and other investments requires significant management judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices, inherent lack of liquidity, and the long-term nature of such assets. The fair value of these investments is estimated based on the market value of the underlying real estate and private equity investments. The underlying real estate value is determined using the most recent available appraisals. Our private equity investments are valued using market appraisals or a discounted cash flow methodology depending on the nature of the underlying assets. The appraisals assess value based on a combination of replacement cost, comparative sales analysis, and discounted cash flow analysis. As a result of the adoption of SFAS 157 in the first quarter of 2008, we recorded a $2.9 million decrease in the fair value of our private equity investments held by the cemetery merchandise and service trusts to reflect time-based restrictions on the exit from the investments. As a result of the adoption we recorded the decrease and a corresponding increase for the non-controlling interest in cemetery trust investments inOther Comprehensive Income in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Such private equity and other investments are included within Level 3 of the SFAS 157 valuation hierarchy. We further reviewed our private equity and other investments in accordance with the guidance included in FSP SFAS 157-3 (see Recently Issued Accounting Standards above) and determined that no additional adjustments to fair value were required.
The inputs into the fair value of our market-based cemetery trust investments are categorized as follows:
September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Quoted | ||||||||||||||||
market prices | Significant | Significant | ||||||||||||||
in active | other observable | unobservable inputs | Fair market | |||||||||||||
markets (Level 1) | inputs (Level 2) | (Level 3) | value | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Trust investments | $ | 853,796 | $ | 83,913 | $ | 23,152 | $ | 960,861 |
The change in our market-based cemetery trust investments with significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) is as follows (in thousands):
Fair market value, January 1, 2008 | $ | 21,809 | ||
Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income (a) | 2,994 | |||
Purchases, sales, contributions, and distributions, net | (1,651 | ) | ||
Fair market value, September 30, 2008 | $ | 23,152 | ||
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(a) | All gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income for cemetery trust investments are attributable to non-controlling interest holders and are offset by a corresponding increase (decrease) inNon-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trusts. See Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information related to our non-controlling interest in cemetery trust investments. |
Maturity dates of our fixed income securities range from 2008 to 2038. Maturities of fixed income securities at September 30, 2008 are estimated as follows:
Market | ||||
(In thousands) | ||||
Due in one year or less | $ | 2,646 | ||
Due in one to five years | 28,568 | |||
Due in five to ten years | 27,766 | |||
Thereafter | 24,933 | |||
$ | 83,913 | |||
Earnings from all trust investments are recognized in current cemetery revenues when the service is performed, the merchandise is delivered, or upon cancellation of the cemetery contract. Only the amount we are entitled to retain is recognized when a contract is canceled. Recognized earnings (realized and unrealized) related to these trust investments were $1.4 million and $8.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Recognized earnings (realized and unrealized) related to these trust investments were $11.0 million and $18.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
We assess our trust investments for other-than-temporary declines in fair value on a quarterly basis. Impairment charges, if any, as a result of this assessment are recognized as investment losses and offset by the non-controlling interest in cemetery trust investments inOther income, netin our condensed consolidated statement of operations. As a result of our most recent review at September 30, 2008, we recorded a $2.3 million impairment charge for other-than-temporary declines in fair value related to unrealized losses on certain equity securities. In the second quarter of 2007, we recorded a $3.2 million impairment charge for other-than-temporary declines in fair value related to unrealized losses on certain private equity and other investments. See Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information related to our non-controlling interest in cemetery trust investments.
6. Cemetery Perpetual Care Trusts
We are required by state or provincial law to pay into cemetery perpetual care trusts a portion of the proceeds from the sale of cemetery property interment rights. As the primary beneficiary of the trusts, we consolidate the cemetery perpetual care trust investments and record a corresponding amount intoNon-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trusts.Cash flows from cemetery perpetual care contracts are presented as operating cash flows in our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.
The table below sets forth the investment-related activities associated with our cemetery perpetual care trusts:
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Deposits | $ | 5,715 | $ | 5,738 | $ | 17,650 | $ | 20,317 | ||||||||
Withdrawals | 8,696 | 4,247 | 23,153 | 22,947 | ||||||||||||
Purchases of available-for-sale securities | 43,055 | 405,592 | 159,923 | 632,891 | ||||||||||||
Sales of available-for-sale securities | 52,899 | 247,279 | 178,648 | 341,411 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains from sales of available-for-sale securities | 1,529 | 6,558 | 11,881 | 30,990 | ||||||||||||
Realized losses from sales of available-for-sale securities | 2,591 | 5,718 | 16,222 | 11,935 |
The components ofCemetery perpetual care trust investmentsin our condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are as follows:
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Trust investments, at market | $ | 744,307 | $ | 817,228 | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 69,550 | 88,516 | ||||||
Cemetery perpetual care trust investments | $ | 813,857 | $ | 905,744 | ||||
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The cost and market values associated with our market-based trust investments held in cemetery perpetual care trusts recorded at fair market value at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are detailed below. Cost reflects the investment (net of redemptions) of control holders in common trust funds, mutual funds, and private equity investments. Fair market value represents the value of the underlying securities and cash held by the common trust funds, mutual funds at published values, and the estimated market value of private equity investments (including debt as well as the estimated fair value related to the contract holder’s equity in majority-owned real estate investments). The fair market value of our cemetery perpetual care trust investments, in the aggregate, was 89% and 100% of the related cost basis of such investments as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair market | ||||||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Value | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed income securities: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury | $ | 5,275 | $ | 720 | $ | (415 | ) | $ | 5,580 | |||||||
Foreign government | 24,342 | 71 | (269 | ) | 24,144 | |||||||||||
Corporate | 44,194 | 138 | (3,761 | ) | 40,571 | |||||||||||
Mortgage-backed | 3,749 | 9 | (425 | ) | 3,333 | |||||||||||
Equity securities: | ||||||||||||||||
Preferred stock | 3,229 | 344 | (443 | ) | 3,130 | |||||||||||
Common stock | 128,702 | 2,386 | (15,195 | ) | 115,893 | |||||||||||
Mutual funds: | ||||||||||||||||
Equity | 98,658 | 115 | (12,719 | ) | 86,054 | |||||||||||
Fixed income | 513,588 | 488 | (60,970 | ) | 453,106 | |||||||||||
Private equity and other | 35,919 | 1,528 | (4,776 | ) | 32,671 | |||||||||||
Cemetery perpetual care trust investments | $ | 857,656 | $ | 5,799 | $ | (98,973 | ) | $ | 764,482 | |||||||
Less: Assets associated with businesses held for sale | (20,175 | ) | ||||||||||||||
$ | 744,307 | |||||||||||||||
December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized | Unrealized | Fair market | ||||||||||||||
Cost | Gains | Losses | Value | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Fixed income securities: | ||||||||||||||||
U.S. Treasury | $ | 2,647 | $ | 703 | $ | (1 | ) | $ | 3,349 | |||||||
Foreign government | 25,065 | 789 | (13 | ) | 25,841 | |||||||||||
Corporate | 42,437 | 225 | (555 | ) | 42,107 | |||||||||||
Mortgage-backed | 348 | 7 | — | 355 | ||||||||||||
Equity securities: | ||||||||||||||||
Preferred stock | 2,403 | 13 | (58 | ) | 2,358 | |||||||||||
Common stock | 128,815 | 3,501 | (2,840 | ) | 129,476 | |||||||||||
Mutual funds: | ||||||||||||||||
Equity | 44,221 | 1,208 | (1,003 | ) | 44,426 | |||||||||||
Fixed income | 555,509 | 3,256 | (10,714 | ) | 548,051 | |||||||||||
Private equity and other | 34,894 | 3,145 | (542 | ) | 37,497 | |||||||||||
Cemetery perpetual care trust investments | $ | 836,339 | $ | 12,847 | $ | (15,726 | ) | $ | 833,460 | |||||||
Less: Assets associated with businesses held for sale | (16,232 | ) | ||||||||||||||
$ | 817,228 | |||||||||||||||
Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities held by the common trust funds and mutual funds are classified as Level 1 investments pursuant to the three-level valuation hierarchy provided in SFAS 157. Our investments classified as Level 1 securities include common stock and mutual funds.
Where quoted market prices are not available for the specific security, then fair values are estimated by using either quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics or a fair value model with observable inputs that include a combination of interest rates, yield curves, credit risks, prepayment speeds, rating, and tax exempt status. Examples of such securities are U.S. Treasury, foreign government, corporate, mortgage-backed and asset-backed fixed income securities, and preferred stock equity securities, all of which are classified within Level 2 of the SFAS 157 valuation hierarchy.
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The valuation of private equity and other investments requires significant management judgment due to the absence of quoted market prices, inherent lack of liquidity, and the long-term nature of such assets. The fair value of these investments is estimated based on the market value of the underlying real estate and private equity investments. The underlying real estate value is determined using the most recent available appraisals. Our private equity investments are valued using market appraisals or a discounted cash flow methodology depending on the nature of the underlying assets. The appraisals assess value based on a combination of replacement cost, comparative sales analysis, and discounted cash flow analysis. As a result of the adoption of SFAS 157 in the first quarter of 2008, we recorded a $4.9 million decrease in the fair value of our private equity investments held by the cemetery perpetual care trusts to reflect time-based restrictions on the exit from the investments. As a result of the adoption we recorded the decrease and a corresponding increase for the non-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trust investments inOther Comprehensive Income in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Such private equity and other investments are included within Level 3 of the SFAS 157 valuation hierarchy. We further reviewed our private equity and other investments in accordance with the guidance included in FSP SFAS 157-3 (see Recently Issued Accounting Standards above) and determined that no additional adjustments to fair value were required.
The inputs into the fair value of our market-based cemetery perpetual care trust investments are categorized as follows:
September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Quoted | ||||||||||||||||
market prices | Significant | Significant | ||||||||||||||
in active | other observable | unobservable inputs | Fair market | |||||||||||||
markets (Level 1) | inputs (Level 2) | (Level 3) | value | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Trust investments | $ | 655,053 | $ | 76,758 | $ | 32,671 | $ | 764,482 |
The change in our market-based cemetery perpetual care trust investments with significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) is as follows (in thousands):
Fair market value, January 1, 2008 | $ | 32,644 | ||
Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income (a) | 4,341 | |||
Purchases, sales, contributions, and distributions, net | (4,314 | ) | ||
Fair market value, September 30, 2008 | $ | 32,671 | ||
(a) | All gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income for cemetery perpetual care trust investments are attributable to non-controlling interest holders and are offset by a corresponding increase (decrease) inNon-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trusts. See Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information related to our non-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trust investments. |
Maturity dates of our fixed income securities range from 2008 to 2038. Maturities of fixed income securities at September 30, 2008 are estimated as follows:
Market | ||||
(In thousands) | ||||
Due in one year or less | $ | 3,165 | ||
Due in one to five years | 38,001 | |||
Due in five to ten years | 14,369 | |||
Thereafter | 18,093 | |||
$ | 73,628 | |||
Distributable earnings from these cemetery perpetual care trust investments are recognized in current cemetery revenues to the extent we incur qualifying cemetery maintenance costs. Recognized earnings related to these cemetery perpetual care trust investments were $9.5 million and $10.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Recognized earnings related to these cemetery perpetual care trust investments were $29.5 million and $35.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
We assess our trust investments for other-than-temporary declines in fair value on a quarterly basis. Impairment charges, if any, as a result of this assessment are recognized as investment losses and offset by the non-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trust investments inOther income, netin our condensed consolidated statement of operations. As a result of our most recent review at September 30, 2008, we recorded a $0.3 million impairment charge for other-than-temporary declines in fair value related to unrealized losses on certain equity securities. In the second quarter of 2007, we recorded a $1.2 million impairment charge for other-than-temporary declines in fair value related to unrealized losses on certain private equity and other investments. See Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information related to our non-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trust investments.
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7. Non-Controlling Interest in Funeral and Cemetery Trusts and in Cemetery Perpetual Care Trusts
We consolidate in our balance sheet the merchandise and service trusts associated with our preneed funeral and cemetery activities in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 46(R),“Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (revised December 2003 — an interpretation of ARB No. 51”(FIN 46R). Although FIN 46R requires the consolidation of the merchandise and service trusts, it does not change the legal relationships among the trusts, us, or our customers. The customers are the legal beneficiaries of these merchandise and service trusts, and therefore, their interests in these trusts represent a non-controlling interest in subsidiaries.
The components ofNon-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trustsandNon-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trustsin our condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 are detailed below.
September 30, 2008 | September 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Preneed | Preneed | Cemetery | ||||||||||||||
funeral | cemetery | Total | perpetual care | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Trust investments, at market value | $ | 787,585 | $ | 898,433 | $ | 1,686,018 | $ | 744,307 | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 125,850 | 140,716 | 266,566 | 69,550 | ||||||||||||
Insurance-backed fixed income securities | 222,298 | — | 222,298 | — | ||||||||||||
Accrued trust operating payable, deferred tax assets, and other | 8,415 | 9,104 | 17,519 | 15,491 | ||||||||||||
Non-controlling interest | $ | 1,144,148 | $ | 1,048,253 | $ | 2,192,401 | $ | 829,348 | ||||||||
December 31, 2007 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Preneed | Preneed | Cemetery | ||||||||||||||
funeral | cemetery | Total | perpetual care | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Trust investments, at market value | $ | 848,195 | $ | 759,215 | $ | 1,607,410 | $ | 817,228 | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 194,728 | 399,301 | 594,029 | 88,516 | ||||||||||||
Insurance-backed fixed income securities | 201,258 | — | 201,258 | — | ||||||||||||
Accrued trust operating payable, deferred tax assets, and other | (3,737 | ) | (8,672 | ) | (12,409 | ) | 846 | |||||||||
Non-controlling interest | $ | 1,240,444 | $ | 1,149,844 | $ | 2,390,288 | $ | 906,590 | ||||||||
Other Expense, Net
The components ofOther expense, netin our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 are detailed below. See Notes 4 through 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the amounts related to the funeral, cemetery, and cemetery perpetual care trusts.
Three months ended September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cemetery | ||||||||||||||||||||
Funeral | Cemetery | perpetual | ||||||||||||||||||
trusts | trusts | care trusts | Other, net | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Realized gains | $ | 7,535 | $ | 11,462 | $ | 1,529 | $ | — | $ | 20,526 | ||||||||||
Realized losses (1) | (9,342 | ) | (10,860 | ) | (2,932 | ) | — | (23,134 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest, dividend, and other ordinary income | 4,798 | 5,058 | 7,823 | — | 17,679 | |||||||||||||||
Trust expenses and income taxes | (1,889 | ) | (2,633 | ) | 439 | — | (4,083 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net trust investment income | 1,102 | 3,027 | 6,859 | — | 10,988 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense related to non-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trust investments | (1,102 | ) | (3,027 | ) | — | — | (4,129 | ) | ||||||||||||
Interest expense related to non-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trust investments | — | — | (6,859 | ) | — | (6,859 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total non-controlling expense | (1,102 | ) | (3,027 | ) | (6,859 | ) | — | (10,988 | ) | |||||||||||
Other expense, net | — | — | — | (805 | ) | (805 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total other expense, net | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (805 | ) | $ | (805 | ) | ||||||||
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Nine months ended September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cemetery | ||||||||||||||||||||
Funeral | Cemetery | perpetual | ||||||||||||||||||
trusts | trusts | care trusts | Other, net | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Realized gains | $ | 37,844 | $ | 34,876 | $ | 11,881 | $ | — | $ | 84,601 | ||||||||||
Realized losses (1) | (36,232 | ) | (40,671 | ) | (16,563 | ) | — | (93,466 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest, dividend, and other ordinary income | 25,085 | 21,796 | 26,199 | — | 73,080 | |||||||||||||||
Trust expenses and income taxes | (10,960 | ) | (18,027 | ) | (2,483 | ) | — | (31,470 | ) | |||||||||||
Net trust investment income (loss) | 15,737 | (2,026 | ) | 19,034 | — | 32,745 | ||||||||||||||
Interest (expense) income related to non-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trust investments | (15,737 | ) | 2,026 | — | — | (13,711 | ) | |||||||||||||
Interest expense related to non-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trust investments | — | — | (19,034 | ) | — | (19,034 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total non-controlling interest (expense) income | (15,737 | ) | 2,026 | (19,034 | ) | — | (32,745 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other expense, net | — | — | — | (1,061 | ) | (1,061 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total other expense, net | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (1,061 | ) | $ | (1,061 | ) | ||||||||
Three months ended September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cemetery | ||||||||||||||||||||
Funeral | Cemetery | perpetual | ||||||||||||||||||
trusts | trusts | care trusts | Other, net | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Realized gains | $ | 54,926 | $ | 65,959 | $ | 6,558 | $ | — | $ | 127,443 | ||||||||||
Realized losses | (10,781 | ) | (10,874 | ) | (5,718 | ) | — | (27,373 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest, dividend, and other ordinary income | 5,749 | 10,530 | 8,090 | — | 24,369 | |||||||||||||||
Trust expenses and income taxes | (2,036 | ) | (2,962 | ) | (630 | ) | — | (5,628 | ) | |||||||||||
Net trust investment income | 47,858 | 62,653 | 8,300 | — | 118,811 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense related to non-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trust investments | (47,858 | ) | (62,653 | ) | — | — | (110,511 | ) | ||||||||||||
Interest expense related to non-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trust investments | — | — | (8,300 | ) | — | (8,300 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total non-controlling interest expense | (47,858 | ) | (62,653 | ) | (8,300 | ) | — | (118,811 | ) | |||||||||||
Other expense, net | — | — | — | (1,049 | ) | (1,049 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total other expense, net | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (1,049 | ) | $ | (1,049 | ) | ||||||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cemetery | ||||||||||||||||||||
Funeral | Cemetery | perpetual | ||||||||||||||||||
trusts | trusts | care trusts | Other, net | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Realized gains | $ | 87,677 | $ | 102,296 | $ | 30,990 | $ | — | $ | 220,963 | ||||||||||
Realized losses (2) | (26,418 | ) | (26,493 | ) | (13,101 | ) | — | (66,012 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest, dividend, and other ordinary income | 17,400 | 25,223 | 30,409 | — | 73,032 | |||||||||||||||
Trust expenses and income taxes | (7,415 | ) | (11,353 | ) | (3,017 | ) | — | (21,785 | ) | |||||||||||
Net trust investment income | 71,244 | 89,673 | 45,281 | — | 206,198 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense related to non-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trust investments | (71,244 | ) | (89,673 | ) | — | — | (160,917 | ) | ||||||||||||
Interest expense related to non-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trust investments | — | — | (45,281 | ) | — | (45,281 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total non-controlling interest expense | (71,244 | ) | (89,673 | ) | (45,281 | ) | — | (206,198 | ) | |||||||||||
Other expense, net | — | — | — | (3,981 | ) | (3,981 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total other expense, net | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (3,981 | ) | $ | (3,981 | ) | ||||||||
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(1) | Realized losses include impairment charges for other-than-temporary declines in fair value of $1.3 million for funeral trusts, $2.3 million for cemetery trusts, and $0.3 million for cemetery perpetual care trusts. See Notes 4 through 6 for additional information. | |
(2) | Realized losses include impairment charges for other-than-temporary declines in fair value of $3.5 million for funeral trusts, $3.2 million for cemetery trusts, and $1.2 million for cemetery perpetual care trusts. See Notes 4 through 6 for additional information. |
8. Income Taxes
Income tax expense during interim periods is based on our estimated annual effective income tax rate plus any discrete items which are recorded in the period that the specific item occurs. Discrete items include such events as accrual true-ups to tax returns, tax audit settlements, and other infrequent or unusual events occurring in a given quarter. For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2008, the effective tax rate is 7.3% and 34.6%, respectively. The effective tax rates were lower than the 35% federal statutory rate primarily due to the implementation of tax planning strategies and the release of contingent tax liabilities associated with returns that are barred from adjustment by the taxing authorities due to the expiration of statute limitations during the quarter.
We expect to receive a partial refund of our 2007 federal income tax estimated payments in the fourth quarter of 2008. We currently expect the refund to be approximately $95 million. We expect to file our 2007 U.S. federal income tax return in the fourth quarter of 2008. The tax return filing date was extended by the Internal Revenue Service to provide relief to companies that were impacted by Hurricane Ike.
At September 30, 2008 we had approximately $142 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits. If all unrecognized tax benefits were recognized, approximately $37 million would impact our effective tax rate in future periods. The unrecognized tax benefit amounts have decreased from the balance at December 31, 2007 as a result of the impact of the release of various unrecognized tax benefits that became statute-barred in the third quarter of 2008 in the amount of $6.6 million and the accrual of additional reserves of $0.8 million.
We file numerous federal, state and foreign income tax returns. A number of years may elapse before particular tax matters, for which we have unrecognized tax benefits, are audited and finally settled. In the United States, the Internal Revenue Service has recently completed its field work for tax years 1999 through 2002 and is currently auditing tax years 2003 through 2005. Various state and foreign jurisdictions are auditing years through 2005. It is reasonably possible that one or more of the multi-jurisdictional audits will be settled by December 31, 2008 and if favorably resolved could result in a significant reduction in the amount of our unrecognized tax benefits.
9. Debt
Debt as of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 was as follows:
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
6.5% notes due March 2008 | $ | — | $ | 45,209 | ||||
7.7% notes due April 2009 | 28,731 | 28,731 | ||||||
7.875% debentures due February 2013 | 55,627 | 55,627 | ||||||
7.375% senior notes due October 2014 | 250,000 | 250,000 | ||||||
6.75% notes due April 2015 | 200,000 | 200,000 | ||||||
6.75% notes due April 2016 | 250,000 | 250,000 | ||||||
7.0% notes due June 2017 | 300,000 | 300,000 | ||||||
7.625% senior notes due October 2018 | 250,000 | 250,000 | ||||||
7.5% notes due April 2027 | 200,000 | 200,000 | ||||||
Revolving credit facility due November 2011 | 45,000 | — | ||||||
Series B senior notes due November 2011 | 150,000 | 150,000 | ||||||
Convertible debentures, maturities through 2013, fixed interest rates at 5.00% conversion prices from $13.02 to $50.00 per share | 4,175 | 4,175 | ||||||
Obligations under capital leases | 112,534 | 112,507 | ||||||
Mortgage notes and other debt, maturities through 2050 | 50,855 | 15,742 | ||||||
Unamortized pricing discounts and other | (4,813 | ) | (5,291 | ) | ||||
Total debt | $ | 1,892,109 | $ | 1,856,700 | ||||
Less current maturities | (56,271 | ) | (36,594 | ) | ||||
Total long-term debt | $ | 1,835,838 | $ | 1,820,106 | ||||
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Current maturities of debt at September 30, 2008 primarily consisted of capital leases and our 7.7% Notes due April 2009. Our consolidated debt had a weighted average interest rate of 6.78% at September 30, 2008 and 7.09% at December 31, 2007. Approximately 86% and 89% of our total debt had a fixed interest rate at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
Revolving Credit Facility
Our revolving credit facility matures in November 2011 and provides a total lending commitment of $300.0 million, including a sublimit of $175.0 million for letters of credit. In March 2008, we utilized $45.0 million of the credit facility to repay our 6.5% notes due March 2008. As of September 30, 2008, we have also used the credit facility to support $53.7 million of letters of credit. The credit facility provides us with flexibility for working capital, if needed, and is guaranteed by our domestic subsidiaries. The subsidiary guaranty is a guaranty of payment of the outstanding amount of the total lending commitment. It covers the term of the credit facility, including extensions, and totaled a maximum potential amount of $98.7 million at September 30, 2008. The credit facility contains certain financial covenants, including a minimum interest coverage ratio, a maximum leverage ratio, maximum capital expenditure limitations, and certain cash distribution and share repurchase restrictions. We also pay a quarterly fee on the unused commitment, which ranges from 0.25% to 0.50%.
Debt Issuances and Additions
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we entered into loan agreements with financial institutions totaling $41.0 million. The proceeds, which are included in mortgage notes and other debt, were used for deposits related to certain transportation vehicles.
In the second quarter of 2007, we completed a private offering of $400.0 million aggregate principal unsecured senior notes, consisting of $200.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.75% Senior Notes due 2015 and $200.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.50% Senior notes due 2027. We are entitled to redeem the notes at any time by paying a make-whole premium. The notes are subject to the provisions of our Senior Indenture dated February 1, 1993, as amended, which includes covenants limiting, among other things, the creation of liens securing the indebtedness and certain sale-leaseback transactions. We used the net proceeds from the offering to fund the closing of the tender offers for our 6.50% Notes due 2008 and 7.70% Notes due 2009 as further discussed below and for general corporate purposes.
Debt Extinguishments and Reductions
In the first quarter of 2008, we repaid $45.2 million aggregate principal amount of our 6.50% notes due March 2008. There was no gain or loss recognized as a result of this repayment.
In the first quarter of 2007, we repaid $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of our term loan. As a result of this transaction, we recognized a loss of $2.4 million recorded inLoss on early extinguishment of debt, netin our condensed consolidated statement of operations, which represents the write-off of unamortized deferred loan costs of $1.7 million and a $0.7 million premium to early extinguish the debt.
In the second quarter of 2007, we purchased $149.8 million aggregate principal amount of our 6.50% Notes due 2008 and $173.8 million aggregate principal amount of our 7.70% Notes due 2009 in a tender offer. In connection with the repurchase of the notes, we recognized aLoss on early extinguishment of debtof approximately $12.1 million, which represents the write-off of unamortized deferred loan costs of $0.4 million, a $1.0 million loss on a related interest rate hedge, and $10.7 million in premiums paid to extinguish the debt.
Capital Leases
During the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, we acquired $21.3 million and $27.8 million, respectively, of transportation vehicles and other assets using capital leases.
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10. Retirement Plans
The components of net periodic pension plan benefit cost for the three and nine months ended September 30 were as follows:
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation | $ | 507 | $ | 860 | $ | 1,292 | $ | 5,026 | ||||||||
Actual loss (return) on plan assets | — | 323 | — | (1,612 | ) | |||||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost | — | 46 | — | 138 | ||||||||||||
Plan dissolution and other | — | 5,089 | — | 5,089 | ||||||||||||
$ | 507 | $ | 6,318 | $ | 1,292 | $ | 8,641 | |||||||||
During the third quarter of 2007, we initiated the dissolution of our SCI Cash Balance Plan by making distributions out of the plan assets of $51.6 million. These distributions reduced both plan assets and our accumulated benefit obligation. In connection with this dissolution process, we recognized $5.1 million in non-cash charges.
11. Share-Based Compensation
Stock Benefit Plans
We utilize the Black-Scholes valuation model for estimating the fair value of our stock options. This model allows the use of a range of assumptions related to volatility, the risk-free interest rate, the expected life, and the dividend yield. The fair values of our stock options are calculated using the following weighted average assumptions for the nine months ended September 30, 2008:
Nine months ended | ||||
Assumptions | September 30, 2008 | |||
Dividend yield | 1.3 | % | ||
Expected volatility | 45.9 | % | ||
Risk-free interest rate | 2.9 | % | ||
Expected holding period | 5.7 years |
Stock Options
The following table sets forth stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2008:
Weighted-average | ||||||||
Options | exercise price | |||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2007 | 13,568,445 | $ | 6.25 | |||||
Granted | 1,434,143 | 11.58 | ||||||
Exercised | (1,617,202 | ) | 3.77 | |||||
Expired | (7,263 | ) | 29.82 | |||||
Canceled | (85,700 | ) | 10.72 | |||||
Outstanding at September 30, 2008 | 13,292,423 | $ | 7.09 | |||||
Exercisable at September 30, 2008 | 10,016,549 | $ | 5.88 | |||||
As of September 30, 2008, the unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options of $9.8 million is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years.
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Restricted Shares
Restricted share activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was as follows:
Weighted-average | ||||||||
Restricted | grant-date | |||||||
shares | fair value | |||||||
Nonvested restricted shares at December 31, 2007 | 674,576 | $ | 9.04 | |||||
Granted | 290,000 | 11.61 | ||||||
Canceled | (9,034 | ) | 10.51 | |||||
Vested | (363,601 | ) | 8.36 | |||||
Nonvested restricted shares at September 30, 2008 | 591,941 | $ | 10.69 | |||||
12. Stockholders’ Equity
Our components ofAccumulated other comprehensive incomeare as follows:
Foreign | Accumulated | |||||||||||
currency | Unrealized | other | ||||||||||
translation | gains and | comprehensive | ||||||||||
adjustment | losses | income | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 | $ | 152,590 | $ | — | $ | 152,590 | ||||||
Activity in 2008 | (33,090 | ) | — | (33,090 | ) | |||||||
Increase in net unrealized losses associated with available-for-sale securities of the trusts | — | (341,911 | ) | (341,911 | ) | |||||||
Reclassification of net unrealized loss activity attributable to the non-controlling interest holders | — | 341,911 | 341,911 | |||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2008 | $ | 119,500 | $ | — | $ | 119,500 | ||||||
The assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated into U.S. dollars using the current exchange rate. The U.S. dollar amount that arises from such translation, as well as exchange gains and losses on intercompany balances of a long-term investment nature, are included in the foreign currency translation adjustment inAccumulated other comprehensive income. Income taxes are generally not provided on foreign currency translation adjustments. Included in the increase in net unrealized losses associated with available-for-sale securities of the trusts and offset in the reclassification of unrealized loss activity attributable to the non-controlling interest holders are $9.9 million of after-tax unrealized losses attributable to our initial adoption of SFAS 157. See Note 4-6 for further discussion.
The components of comprehensive (loss) income are as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007:
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Comprehensive (loss) income: | ||||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 14,639 | $ | 28,170 | $ | 87,555 | $ | 80,930 | ||||||||
Other comprehensive (loss) income | (15,943 | ) | 47,424 | (33,090 | ) | 89,020 | ||||||||||
Comprehensive (loss) income | $ | (1,304 | ) | $ | 75,594 | $ | 54,465 | $ | 169,950 | |||||||
Cash Dividends
On August 13, 2008, our Board of Directors approved a cash dividend of $.04 per common share. At September 30, 2008, this dividend totaling $10.3 million was recorded inAccounts payable and accrued liabilitiesandCapital in excess of par valuein the condensed consolidated balance sheet. This dividend was paid on October 31, 2008.
Share Repurchase Program
Subject to market conditions, normal trading restrictions, and limitations in our debt covenants, we may make purchases in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions under our stock repurchase program. During the nine months ended
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September 30, 2008, we repurchased 7.0 million shares of common stock at an aggregate cost of $79.5 million and an average cost per share of $11.34. After these purchases, the remaining dollar value of shares authorized to be purchased under our share repurchase program was approximately $66.1 million at September 30, 2008.
Subsequent to September 30, 2008, we repurchased an additional 4.3 million shares of common stock at an aggregate cost of $28.7 million including commissions (average cost per share of $6.60). After these fourth quarter repurchases, the remaining dollar value of shares authorized to be purchased under our share repurchase program was approximately $37.4 million.
13. Segment Reporting
Our operations are both product based and geographically based, and the reportable operating segments presented below include our funeral and cemetery operations. Our geographic areas include United States and Foreign.
Foreign operations consists of our operations in Canada and Germany. We conduct both funeral and cemetery operations in the United States and Canada and funeral operations in Germany.
Our reportable segment information is as follows:
Reportable | ||||||||||||
Funeral | Cemetery | segments | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Three months ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
Revenues from external customers: | ||||||||||||
2008 | $ | 350,447 | $ | 165,992 | $ | 516,439 | ||||||
2007 | $ | 355,772 | $ | 183,562 | $ | 539,334 | ||||||
Gross profit: | ||||||||||||
2008 | $ | 59,290 | $ | 22,779 | $ | 82,069 | ||||||
2007 | $ | 63,593 | $ | 38,922 | $ | 102,515 | ||||||
Nine months ended September 30, | ||||||||||||
Revenues from external customers: | ||||||||||||
2008 | $ | 1,119,288 | $ | 519,384 | $ | 1,638,672 | ||||||
2007 | $ | 1,154,468 | $ | 557,913 | $ | 1,712,381 | ||||||
Gross profit: | ||||||||||||
2008 | $ | 240,209 | $ | 86,817 | $ | 327,026 | ||||||
2007 | $ | 236,328 | $ | 110,409 | $ | 346,737 |
The following table reconciles gross profit from reportable segments to our consolidated income from continuing operations before income taxes:
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Gross profit from reportable segments | $ | 82,069 | $ | 102,515 | $ | 327,026 | $ | 346,737 | ||||||||
General and administrative expenses | (16,107 | ) | (32,069 | ) | (62,840 | ) | (97,456 | ) | ||||||||
(Loss) gain on divestitures and impairment charges, net | (12,819 | ) | 4,886 | (28,723 | ) | 6,949 | ||||||||||
Hurricane expense, net | (4,313 | ) | — | (4,313 | ) | — | ||||||||||
Other operating income, net | — | — | 585 | — | ||||||||||||
Operating income | 48,830 | 75,332 | 231,735 | 256,230 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | (33,222 | ) | (38,090 | ) | (100,602 | ) | (111,852 | ) | ||||||||
Loss on early extinguishment of debt | — | — | — | (14,480 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest income | 996 | 4,254 | 4,369 | 8,324 | ||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries | — | 2,460 | — | 8,730 | ||||||||||||
Other expense, net | (805 | ) | (1,049 | ) | (1,061 | ) | (3,981 | ) | ||||||||
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 15,799 | $ | 42,907 | $ | 134,441 | $ | 142,971 | ||||||||
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Our geographic area information is as follows:
United | ||||||||||||
States | Foreign | Total | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Three months ended September 30, Revenues from external customers: | ||||||||||||
2008 | $ | 462,611 | $ | 53,828 | $ | 516,439 | ||||||
2007 | $ | 482,441 | $ | 56,893 | $ | 539,334 | ||||||
(Loss) gain on divestitures and impairment charges, net: | ||||||||||||
2008 | $ | (12,945 | ) | $ | 126 | $ | (12,819 | ) | ||||
2007 | $ | 4,282 | $ | 604 | $ | 4,886 | ||||||
Operating income: | ||||||||||||
2008 | $ | 35,120 | $ | 13,710 | $ | 48,830 | ||||||
2007 | $ | 63,069 | $ | 12,263 | $ | 75,332 | ||||||
Nine months ended September 30, Revenues from external customers: | ||||||||||||
2008 | $ | 1,473,955 | $ | 164,717 | $ | 1,638,672 | ||||||
2007 | $ | 1,563,329 | $ | 149,052 | $ | 1,712,381 | ||||||
(Loss) gain on divestitures and impairment charges, net: | ||||||||||||
2008 | $ | (25,816 | ) | $ | (2,907 | ) | $ | (28,723 | ) | |||
2007 | $ | 6,858 | $ | 91 | $ | 6,949 | ||||||
Operating income: | ||||||||||||
2008 | $ | 195,498 | $ | 36,237 | $ | 231,735 | ||||||
2007 | $ | 238,679 | $ | 17,551 | $ | 256,230 |
14. Supplementary Information
The detail of certain income statement accounts as presented in the condensed consolidated statement of operations is as follows for the three and nine months ended September 30:
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Merchandise revenues: | ||||||||||||||||
Funeral | $ | 113,969 | $ | 117,267 | $ | 366,502 | $ | 391,165 | ||||||||
Cemetery | 109,589 | 126,574 | 347,042 | 374,836 | ||||||||||||
Total merchandise revenues | 223,558 | 243,841 | 713,544 | 766,001 | ||||||||||||
Services revenues: | ||||||||||||||||
Funeral | 220,816 | 224,369 | 709,868 | 726,526 | ||||||||||||
Cemetery | 45,896 | 48,684 | 144,808 | 158,146 | ||||||||||||
Total services revenues | 266,712 | 273,053 | 854,676 | 884,672 | ||||||||||||
Other revenues | 26,169 | 22,440 | 70,452 | 61,708 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 516,439 | $ | 539,334 | $ | 1,638,672 | $ | 1,712,381 | ||||||||
Merchandise costs and expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
Funeral | $ | 58,012 | $ | 58,759 | $ | 187,914 | $ | 194,689 | ||||||||
Cemetery | 47,021 | 49,185 | 151,718 | 151,206 | ||||||||||||
Total cost of merchandise | 105,033 | 107,944 | 339,632 | 345,895 | ||||||||||||
Services costs and expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
Funeral | 116,250 | 116,469 | 341,866 | 357,710 | ||||||||||||
Cemetery | 25,443 | 27,598 | 80,792 | 84,782 | ||||||||||||
Total cost of services | 141,693 | 144,067 | 422,658 | 442,492 | ||||||||||||
Overhead and other expenses | 187,644 | 184,808 | 549,356 | 577,257 | ||||||||||||
Total costs and expenses | $ | 434,370 | $ | 436,819 | $ | 1,311,646 | $ | 1,365,644 | ||||||||
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15. Commitments and Contingencies
Representations and Warranties
As of September 30, 2008, we have contingent obligations of $33.3 million (of which $24.7 million is reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements as a liability) resulting from our previous international asset sales and joint venture transactions. In some cases, we have agreed to guarantee certain representations and warranties made in such divestiture transactions with letters of credit or interest-bearing cash investments. We have interest-bearing cash investments of $23.6 million included inDeferred charges and other assetscollateralizing certain of these contingent obligations. We believe it is remote that we will ultimately be required to fund third-party claims against these representations and warranties in excess of the carrying value of our recorded liability.
In 2004, we disposed of our funeral operations in France to a newly formed, third-party company. As a result of this sale, we recognized certain Euro-denominated contractual obligations related to representations, warranties, and other indemnifications. The remaining obligation related to these indemnifications is as follows:
Maximum potential | Carrying | |||||||||||
amount of future | value as of | |||||||||||
Time limit | payments | September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Litigation provision | Until entire resolution of (i) the relevant claims or (ii) settlement of the claim by the purchaser at the request of the vendor | (1) | 13,826 | |||||||||
VAT taxes | One month after expiration of the statutory period of limitations | (1) | 5,202 | |||||||||
Other | Until entire resolution of (i) the relevant claims or (ii) settlement of the claim by the purchaser at the request of the vendor | (1) | 3,901 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 22,929 | ||||||||||
Less: Deductible of majority equity owner (2) | (2,260 | ) | ||||||||||
$ | 20,669 | |||||||||||
(1) | The potential maximum exposure for these three items combined is€60 million or $86.7 million at September 30, 2008. | |
(2) | The deductible of the majority equity owner expires on December 31, 2008. |
During the second quarter of 2008, we released certain value-added tax (VAT) indemnifications and tax reserve liabilities related to our former French operations as a result of the expiration of the statutory period of limitations. In addition, we applied certain litigation and other claims against the deductible of the majority owner, and we increased the recorded amount of certain other litigation reserves. These transactions, after consideration of related foreign currency translation effects, resulted in a $1.0 million reduction of the carrying value of our obligation was recorded in(Loss) gain on divestitures and impairment charges, netin the second quarter of 2008.
Litigation
We are a party to various litigation matters, investigations, and proceedings. For each of our outstanding legal matters, we evaluate the merits of the case, our exposure to the matter, possible legal or settlement strategies, and the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome. We intend to defend ourselves in the lawsuits described herein; however, if we determine that an unfavorable outcome is probable and can be reasonably estimated, we establish accruals we deem appropriate. We hold certain insurance policies that may reduce cash outflows with respect to an adverse outcome of certain of these litigation matters. We accrue such insurance recoveries when they become probable of being paid and can be reasonably estimated.
Conley Investment Counsel v. Service Corporation International, et al.;Civil Action 04-MD-1609; In the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, Houston Division, a consolidation of three cases that were filed in 2003 and 2004 (“2003 Securities Lawsuit”). The 2003 Securities Lawsuit names as defendants SCI and several of SCI’s current and former executive officers or directors. It is a purported class action alleging that the defendants failed to disclose the unlawful treatment of human remains and gravesites at two cemeteries in Fort Lauderdale and West Palm Beach, Florida. No discovery has occurred, and we cannot quantify our ultimate liability, if any, for the payment of damages.
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Burial Practices Claims. We are named as a defendant in various lawsuits alleging improper burial practices at certain of our cemetery locations. These lawsuits include theVallsandGarcia lawsuits described in the following paragraphs.
Maria Valls, Pedro Valls and Roberto Valls, on behalf of themselves and all other similarly situated v. SCI Funeral Services of Florida, Inc. d/b/a Memorial Plan a/k/a Flagler Memorial Park, John Does and Jane Does; Case No. 23693CA08; In the Circuit Court of the 11th Judicial Circuit in Miami-Dade County, Florida (“Valls Lawsuit”). The Valls Lawsuit was filed December 5, 2005, and named a subsidiary of SCI as a defendant. The plaintiffs allege the defendants improperly handled remains, did not keep adequate records of interments, and engaged in various other improprieties in connection with the operation of the cemetery. Although the plaintiffs seek to certify as a class all family members of persons buried at the cemetery, the court has dismissed plaintiffs’ class action allegations with prejudice. Plaintiffs are appealing the ruling. The plaintiffs are seeking monetary damages and injunctive relief and have reserved the right to seek leave from the court to claim punitive damages. We cannot quantify our ultimate liability, if any, for the payment of any damages.
Reyvis Garcia, Alicia Garcia, et al. v. Alderwoods Group, Inc., Osiris Holding of Florida, Inc, a Florida corporation, d/b/a Graceland Memorial Park South, f/k/a Paradise Memorial Gardens, Inc.,et al.was filed in December 2004, in the Circuit Court of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit in Miami-Dade County, Florida, Case No.: 04-25646 CA 32. The Garcias are the son and sister of the decedent, Eloisa Garcia, who was buried at Graceland Memorial Park South in March 1986, when the cemetery was owned by Paradise Memorial Gardens, Inc. Initially, the suit sought damages on the individual claims of the Garcias relating to the burial of Eloisa Garcia. The Garcias claimed that due to poor record keeping, maps, and the fact that the family could not afford to purchase a marker for the grave, the burial location of the decedent could not be readily located. Subsequently, the decedent’s grave was located and verified. In July 2006, plaintiffs amended their complaint, seeking to certify a class of all persons buried at this cemetery whose burial sites cannot be located. Plaintiffs subsequently filed amended class action complaints and added additional named plaintiffs. The plaintiffs are seeking unspecified monetary damages, as well as equitable and injunctive relief. No class has been certified in this matter. We cannot quantify our ultimate liability, if any, for the payment of any damages.
Funeral Regulations Lawsuits. We are named as a defendant in various lawsuits alleging violations of federal and state funeral related regulations and/or statutes, including theBaudino andSanchezlawsuits described in the following paragraphs.
Mary Louise Baudino, et al. v. Service Corporation International, et al.was filed in November 2004 in Los Angeles County Superior Court; Case No. BC324007 (“Baudino Lawsuit”). The Baudino Lawsuit was initially filed as a putative nationwide class action brought on behalf of all persons, entities, and organizations who purchased funeral services from SCI. Plaintiffs allege that funeral related regulations and/or statutes (“Rules”) required us to disclose our markups on all items obtained from third parties in connection with funeral service contracts and that the failure to make certain disclosures of markups resulted in breach of contract and other legal claims. The plaintiffs seek to recover an unspecified amount of monetary damages as well as attorneys’ fees, costs, and interest. We deny all of the claims and deny that the plaintiffs have standing to sue for violations of the Rules. On September 15, 2006, the trial court granted our motion for summary judgment on the merits. Plaintiffs are appealing the summary judgment ruling.
Richard Sanchez et al. v. Alderwoods Group, Inc. et al.was filed in February 2005 in the Superior Court of the State of California, for the County of Los Angeles, Central District; Case No. BC328962. Plaintiffs seek to certify a nationwide class on behalf of all consumers who purchased funeral goods and services from Alderwoods. Plaintiffs allege in essence that the Federal Trade Commission’s Funeral Rule requires Alderwoods to disclose its markups on all items obtained from third parties in connection with funeral service contracts. Plaintiffs allege further that Alderwoods has failed to make such disclosures. Plaintiffs seek to recover an unspecified amount of monetary damages, attorney’s fees, costs, and unspecified “injunctive and declaratory relief.” This case is substantially similar to the Baudino Lawsuit, and we expect that the outcome of this case will be governed by the law applied in the Baudino Lawsuit.
Antitrust Claims. We are named as a defendant in two related class action antitrust cases filed in 2005. The first case is Cause No. 4:05-CV-03394;Funeral Consumers Alliance, Inc. v. Service Corporation International, et al.; In the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas — Houston (“Funeral Consumers Case”). This is a purported class action on behalf of casket consumers throughout the United States alleging that we and several other companies involved in the funeral industry violated federal antitrust laws and state consumer laws by engaging in various anti-competitive conduct associated with the sale of caskets.
The second case is Cause No. 4:05-CV-03399;Pioneer Valley Casket, et al. v. Service Corporation International, et al.;In the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas — Houston Division (“Pioneer Valley Case”). This lawsuit makes the same allegations as the Funeral Consumers Case and is also brought against several other companies involved in the funeral industry.
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Unlike the Funeral Consumers Case, the Pioneer Valley Case is a purported class action on behalf of all independent casket distributors that are in the business or were in the business any time between July 18, 2001 to the present.
The Funeral Consumers Case and the Pioneer Valley Case seek injunctions, monetary damages, and treble damages. The plaintiffs in the Funeral Consumers Case filed an expert report indicating that the damages sought from all defendants range from approximately $950 million to $1.5 billion, before trebling. Additionally, the plaintiffs in the Pioneer Valley Case filed an expert report indicating that the damages sought from all defendants would be approximately $99 million, before trebling. We deny that we engaged in anticompetitive practices related to our casket sales and intend to vigorously contest these claims and plaintiffs’ damages reports. In both cases, we have filed reports of our experts which vigorously dispute the validity of the plaintiffs’ damages theories and calculations. We cannot quantify our ultimate liability, if any, for the payment of damages.
In addition to the Funeral Consumers Case and the Pioneer Valley Case, we received Civil Investigative Demands, dated August 2005 and February 2006, from the Attorney General of Maryland on behalf of itself and other state attorneys general, who have commenced an investigation of alleged anticompetitive practices in the funeral industry. We have also received similar Civil Investigative Demands from the Attorneys General of Florida and Connecticut.
Wage and Hour Claims.We are named a defendant in various lawsuits alleging violations of federal and state laws regulating wage and hour overtime pay, including thePrise, Bryant, Bryant, Stickle, and Ordazlawsuits described in the following paragraphs.
Prise, et al., v. Alderwoods Group, Inc., and Service Corporation International; Cause No. 06-164; In the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania (the “Wage and Hour Lawsuit”). The Wage and Hour Lawsuit was filed by two former Alderwoods (Pennsylvania), Inc., employees in December 2006 and purports to have been brought under the Fair Labor Standards Act (“FLSA”) on behalf of all Alderwoods and SCI-affiliated employees who performed work for which they were not fully compensated, including work for which overtime pay was owed. The court has conditionally certified a class of claims as to certain job positions for Alderwoods employees.
Plaintiffs allege causes of action for violations of the FLSA, failure to maintain proper records, breach of contract, violations of state wage and hour laws, unjust enrichment, fraud and deceit, quantum meruit, negligent misrepresentation, and negligence. Plaintiffs seek injunctive relief, unpaid wages, liquidated, compensatory, consequential and punitive damages, attorneys’ fees and costs, and pre- and post-judgment interest. We cannot quantify our ultimate liability, if any, in this lawsuit.
Bryant, et al. v. Alderwoods Group, Inc., Service Corporation International, et al.; Case No. 3:07-CV-5696-SI; In the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. This lawsuit was filed on November 8, 2007 against SCI and various subsidiaries and individuals. It is related to the Wage and Hour Lawsuit, raising similar claims and brought by the same attorneys. This lawsuit has been transferred to the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania and is now Case No. 08-CV-00891-JFC. We cannot quantify our ultimate liability, if any, in this lawsuit.
Bryant, et al. v. Service Corporation International, et al.;Case No. RG-07359593; andHelm, et al. v. AWGI & SCI; Case No. RG-07359602; In the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Almeda. These cases were filed on December 5, 2007 by counsel for plaintiffs in the Wage and Hour Lawsuit. These cases assert state law claims like those previously dismissed in the Wage and Hour Lawsuit. These cases were removed to federal court in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, San Francisco/Oakland Division. TheBryantcase is now Case No. 3:08-CV-01190-SI and theHelmcase is now Case No. 3:08-CV-01184-SI. We cannot quantify our ultimate liability, if any, in this lawsuit.
Stickle, et al. v. Service Corporation International, et al.; Case No. 08-CV-83; In the U.S. District Court for Arizona, Phoenix Division. Counsel for plaintiffs in the Wage and Hour Lawsuit filed this case on January 17, 2008, against SCI and various related entities and individuals asserting FLSA and other ancillary claims based on the alleged failure to pay for overtime. Plaintiffs seek the same class notice to SCI and related entities that were rejected by the Court in the Wage and Hour Lawsuit. We cannot quantify our ultimate liability, if any, in this lawsuit.
Ordaz, et al. v. Rose Hills Mortuary, L.P., et al.;Case No. BC 386500; In the Superior Court of the State of California, for the County of Los Angeles. This case was filed on February 28, 2008 as a purported class action against our Rose Hills location asserting claims based on various violations of California law relating to the payment of wages and work hours. We cannot quantify our ultimate liability, if any, in this lawsuit.
Shauna Welch v. California Cemetery & Funeral Services, LLC; Cause No. BC 396793; In the Superior Court of the State of California, for the County of Los Angeles. In August 2008, the plaintiff filed this class action on behalf of employees of a subsidiary
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in California for alleged violations of the California Labor Code and the Business & Professions Code. The plaintiff specifically alleges that she and the putative class are unable to negotiate their paychecks without paying a fee and/or without being subject to a waiting period since the paychecks are issued from an out-of-state bank. We cannot quantify our ultimate liability, if any, in this lawsuit.
The ultimate outcome of the matters described above cannot be determined at this time. We intend to aggressively defend all of the above lawsuits; however, an adverse decision in one or more of such matters could have a material adverse effect on us, our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
16. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per common share (EPS) excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other obligations to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common shares that then shared in our earnings.
A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted EPS computations is presented below:
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per | (In thousands, except per | |||||||||||||||
share amounts) | share amounts) | |||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations (numerator): | ||||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations — basic | $ | 14,639 | $ | 28,845 | $ | 87,917 | $ | 76,471 | ||||||||
After tax interest on convertible debt | — | — | 38 | — | ||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations — diluted | $ | 14,639 | $ | 28,845 | $ | 87,955 | $ | 76,471 | ||||||||
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax (numerator) | $ | — | $ | (675 | ) | $ | (362 | ) | $ | 4,459 | ||||||
Net income (numerator): | ||||||||||||||||
Net income — basic | $ | 14,639 | $ | 28,170 | $ | 87,555 | $ | 80,930 | ||||||||
After tax interest on convertible debt | — | — | 38 | — | ||||||||||||
Net income — diluted | $ | 14,639 | $ | 28,170 | $ | 87,593 | $ | 80,930 | ||||||||
Denominator: | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares — basic | 256,788 | 284,511 | 258,868 | 289,437 | ||||||||||||
Stock options | 2,963 | 4,866 | 3,376 | 5,188 | ||||||||||||
Restricted stock | 84 | 220 | 117 | 223 | ||||||||||||
Convertible debt | — | — | 121 | — | ||||||||||||
Weighted average shares — diluted | 259,835 | 289,597 | 262,482 | 294,848 | ||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | .06 | $ | .10 | $ | .34 | $ | .26 | ||||||||
Diluted | $ | .06 | $ | .10 | $ | .33 | $ | .26 | ||||||||
Income from discontinued operations per share, net of tax: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | .02 | ||||||||
Diluted | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | .01 | ||||||||
Net income per share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | .06 | $ | .10 | $ | .34 | $ | .28 | ||||||||
Diluted | $ | .06 | $ | .10 | $ | .33 | $ | .27 | ||||||||
The computation of diluted EPS excludes outstanding stock options and convertible debt in certain periods in which the inclusion of such options and debt would be antidilutive in the periods presented. Total options and convertible debentures not currently included in the computation of dilutive EPS are as follows (in shares):
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Antidilutive options | 3,413 | 200 | 3,191 | 198 | ||||||||||||
Antidilutive convertible debentures | 173 | 305 | 52 | 309 | ||||||||||||
Total common stock equivalents excluded from computation | 3,586 | 505 | 3,243 | 507 | ||||||||||||
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17. Divestiture-Related Activities
As divestitures occur in the normal course of business, gains or losses on the sale of such businesses are recognized in the income statement line item(Loss) gain on divestitures and impairment charges, net,including adjustments to contingent obligations and other estimated amounts which are recognized in periods subsequent to the period of divestment.
(Loss) gain on divestitures and impairment charges, netconsists of the following for the three and nine months ended September 30:
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on divestitures, net | $ | 3,627 | $ | 6,069 | $ | (4,843 | ) | $ | 27,275 | |||||||
Impairment losses | (16,446 | ) | (1,183 | ) | (23,880 | ) | (20,326 | ) | ||||||||
(Loss) gain on divestitures and impairment charges, net | $ | (12,819 | ) | $ | 4,886 | $ | (28,723 | ) | $ | 6,949 | ||||||
In the third quarter of 2008, we recognized a $13.9 million impairment charge on various cemetery locations in Michigan, West Virginia, and Oregon that were held for sale at September 30, 2008.
Assets Held for Sale
We have committed to a plan to sell certain operating properties. As a result, these properties are classified as assets held for sale in our September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Net assets held for sale were as follows:
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Assets: | ||||||||
Current assets | $ | 1,747 | $ | 2,294 | ||||
Preneed funeral receivables and trust investments | 5,384 | 9,944 | ||||||
Preneed cemetery receivables and trust investments | 64,463 | 64,751 | ||||||
Cemetery property | 11,458 | 9,341 | ||||||
Property and equipment, at cost | 9,969 | 9,968 | ||||||
Deferred charges and other assets | 11,863 | 12,390 | ||||||
Cemetery perpetual care trust investments | 20,175 | 16,232 | ||||||
Total assets | 125,059 | 124,920 | ||||||
Liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 258 | 149 | ||||||
Deferred preneed funeral revenues | 2,174 | 8,388 | ||||||
Deferred preneed cemetery revenues | 66,679 | 67,141 | ||||||
Other liabilities | 920 | 167 | ||||||
Non-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trusts | 6,317 | — | ||||||
Non-controlling interest in cemetery perpetual care trusts | 20,175 | 16,232 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 96,523 | 92,077 | ||||||
Net assets held for sale | $ | 28,536 | $ | 32,843 | ||||
Discontinued Operations
As part of the Alderwoods transaction, we acquired an insurance subsidiary that we classified as held for sale upon acquisition and sold in the third quarter of 2007. Accordingly, the operations of this entity are classified as discontinued operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007. In addition, in the second quarter of 2008, we settled an outstanding contingency related to the 2005 divestiture of our operations in Argentina. The loss related to this transaction is included in discontinued operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008.
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The results of our discontinued operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 were as follows:
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Revenues | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 42,626 | ||||||||
Costs and other expenses | — | — | — | (36,448 | ) | |||||||||||
Other income | — | — | — | 916 | ||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on divestitures and impairment charges, net | — | 1,548 | (557 | ) | 1,548 | |||||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes | — | 1,548 | (557 | ) | 8,642 | |||||||||||
(Provision) benefit for income taxes | — | (2,223 | ) | 195 | (4,183 | ) | ||||||||||
(Loss) income from discontinued operations | $ | — | $ | (675 | ) | $ | (362 | ) | $ | 4,459 | ||||||
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The Company
We are North America’s leading provider of deathcare products and services, with a network of funeral homes and cemeteries unequalled in geographic scale and reach. At September 30, 2008, we operated 1,317 funeral service locations and 378 cemeteries (including 208 combination locations) in North America, which are geographically diversified across 43 states, eight Canadian provinces, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Our funeral segment also includes the operations of 12 funeral homes in Germany that we intend to exit when economic values and conditions are conducive to a sale. As part of our Alderwoods Group, Inc. (Alderwoods) acquisition in the fourth quarter of 2006, we acquired Mayflower National Life Insurance Company (Mayflower), an insurance business that we sold in July 2007. The operations of this business through the date of sale are presented as discontinued operations in our condensed consolidated statement of operations.
We currently have approximately $37.4 million authorized to repurchase our common stock. Our financial stability is further enhanced by our $6.6 billion backlog of future revenues from both trust and insurance funded sales at September 30, 2008, which is the result of preneed funeral and cemetery sales. We believe we have the financial strength and flexibility to reward shareholders through dividends while maintaining a prudent capital structure and pursuing new opportunities for profitable growth.
Strategies for Growth
We are confident about our competitive position, our financial strength, and our ability to further our principal strategies to generate profitable growth over the long-term. These strategies are as follows:
• | Target our customer; | |
• | Drive operating discipline and leverage our scale; and | |
• | Manage and grow the footprint. |
For additional information on these strategies, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
Recent Volatility in Financial Markets
Our funeral, cemetery merchandise and service, and cemetery perpetual care trusts have been and continue to be impacted by recent adverse conditions in the U.S. and global financial markets. We reported significant net unrealized losses associated with available-for-sale securities held by these trusts as of September 30, 2008, as discussed in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements, Notes 4, 5, and 6 of this Form 10-Q. As explained below in Critical Accounting Policies,Fair Value Measurements, changes in unrealized gains and/or losses related to these securities are reflected in other comprehensive income (loss) and offset by the non-controlling interest in those unrealized gains and/or losses; therefore, these significant net unrealized losses had no impact on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008. We do, however, rely on our trust investments to provide funding for the various contractual obligations that arise upon maturity of the underlying preneed contracts, which is typically 8-12 years from the time they were originally entered into. Because of the long-term
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relationship between the establishment of trust investments and the required performance of the underlying contractual obligations, the impact of current market conditions that may exist at any given time is not necessarily determinative of our ability to fulfill our future performance obligations. Consequently, the decline in the fair market value of our trust assets resulting from the recent volatility in U.S. and Global markets has not had a material impact on our present financial condition, results of operations or cash flow.
Goodwill
We test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more often if events or circumstances indicate that there might be impairment. We will perform our annual review of goodwill during the fourth quarter of 2008 in accordance with our accounting policy. If market conditions continue to deteriorate, this could increase the likelihood of recording an impairment charge in the future to the extent that the book value, including goodwill, exceeds the estimated fair value of a reporting unit.
Capital Allocation Considerations
We rely on cash flow from operations as a significant source of liquidity. In addition, we have approximately $201.3 million in borrowing capacity under our 5-year, $300.0 million revolving credit facility. As of September 30, 2008, we were in compliance with all of our debt covenants. We believe that our liquidity and available financial resources are sufficient to meet our financial obligations over the next 12 months.
Cash Flow
We believe our ability to generate strong operating cash flow is one of our fundamental financial strengths and provides us with substantial flexibility in meeting operating and investing needs. We expect to receive a partial refund of our 2007 U.S. federal income tax estimated payments in the fourth quarter of 2008. We currently estimate the refund to be approximately $95 million. We will file our 2007 U.S. federal income tax return during the fourth quarter of 2008. The tax return filing date was extended by the Internal Revenue Service to provide relief to companies that were impacted by Hurricane Ike. Highlights of our cash flow for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:
Operating Activities
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
(In millions) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities, as reported | $ | 233.3 | $ | 328.6 | ||||
One-time Alderwoods transition and other costs | 3.3 | 24.7 | ||||||
Premiums paid on extinguishment of debt | — | 11.4 | ||||||
United States Federal transaction-related tax payment | 90.0 | — | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities, excluding special items | $ | 326.6 | $ | 364.7 |
Net cash provided by operating activities, excluding special items, decreased $38.1 million in the first nine months of 2008. This decrease reflects the sale of Mayflower Insurance Co., which contributed $17.3 million of operating cash flows from discontinued operations in the first nine months of 2007. The remaining decrease was driven by a decline in our operating income related to decrease in preneed cemetery sales and funeral case volume.
Investing Activities— Net cash provided by investing activities decreased $306.8 million in the first nine months of 2008 compared to the first nine months of 2007 primarily due to a $295.0 million decrease in proceeds from the sales of businesses in North America and a $21.2 million increase in deposits of restricted funds and other. In the first nine months of 2007, we received $313.8 million in proceeds from the sales of businesses in North America driven by the sale of properties in accordance with our consent decree with the FTC.
Financing Activities— Net cash used in financing activities decreased $160.8 million in the first nine months of 2008 compared to the same period in 2007 due to a $374.7 million decrease in debt payments and a $131.6 million decrease in purchases of the Company’s common stock that was partially offset by a $319.7 million decrease in proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt and a $13.3 million reduction in proceeds from the exercise of stock options. Payments of debt in 2008 included a $45.2 million repayment of our 6.5% notes due March 2008, $9.2 million in other scheduled debt payments, and $18.6 million in payments on capital leases. Payments of debt in 2007 were due to the acceptance of the tenders of $149.8 million of our 6.50% senior notes due 2008 and $173.8 million of our 7.70% senior notes due 2009, a $100.0 million repayment of our term loan, $3.0 million in scheduled debt payments, and $22.1 million in payments on capital leases.
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Financial Assurances
In support of our operations, we have entered into arrangements with certain surety companies whereby such companies agree to issue surety bonds on our behalf as financial assurance and/or as required by existing state and local regulations. The surety bonds are used for various business purposes; however, the majority of the surety bonds issued and outstanding have been used to support our preneed funeral and cemetery sales activities that are not backed by trust investments. The obligations underlying these surety bonds are recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheet asDeferred preneed funeral revenuesandDeferred preneed cemetery revenues.The breakdown of surety bonds between funeral and cemetery preneed arrangements, as well as surety bonds for other activities, is described below.
September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||
Preneed funeral | $ | 130.6 | $ | 134.9 | ||||
Preneed cemetery: | ||||||||
Merchandise and services | 136.7 | 148.0 | ||||||
Pre-construction | 2.9 | 6.4 | ||||||
Bonds supporting preneed funeral and cemetery obligations | 270.2 | 289.3 | ||||||
Bonds supporting preneed business permits | 5.1 | 5.4 | ||||||
Other bonds | 17.0 | 8.4 | ||||||
Total surety bonds outstanding | $ | 292.3 | $ | 303.1 | ||||
When selling preneed funeral and cemetery contracts, we may post surety bonds where allowed by state law. We post the surety bonds in lieu of trusting a certain amount of funds received from the customer. The amount of the bond posted is generally determined by the total amount of the preneed contract that would otherwise be required to be trusted, in accordance with applicable state law. For the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, we had $7.3 million and $9.3 million, respectively, of cash receipts attributable to bonded sales. For the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, we had $23.1 million and $29.9 million, respectively, of cash receipts attributable to bonded sales. These amounts do not consider reductions associated with taxes, obtaining costs, or other costs.
Surety bond premiums are paid annually and are automatically renewable until maturity of the underlying preneed contracts, unless we are given prior notice of cancellation. Except for cemetery pre-construction bonds (which are irrevocable), the surety companies generally have the right to cancel the surety bonds at any time with appropriate notice. In the event a surety company were to cancel the surety bond, we are required to obtain replacement surety assurance from another surety company or fund a trust for an amount generally less than the posted bond amount. Management does not expect that we will be required to fund material future amounts related to these surety bonds because of lack of surety capacity.
Preneed Funeral and Cemetery Activities and Backlog of Contracts
In addition to selling our products and services to client families at the time of need, we sell price-guaranteed preneed funeral and cemetery contracts, which provide for future funeral or cemetery services and merchandise. Since preneed funeral and cemetery services or merchandise will not be provided until some time in the future, most states and provinces require that all or a portion of the funds collected from customers on preneed funeral and cemetery contracts be paid into merchandise and service trusts until the merchandise is delivered or the service is performed. These trust funds own investments in equity and debt securities and mutual funds, which are sensitive to current market prices. In certain situations, as described above, where permitted by state or provincial laws, we post a surety bond as financial assurance for a certain amount of the preneed funeral or cemetery contract in lieu of placing funds into trust accounts.
The tables below detail our results of preneed funeral and cemetery production and maturities, excluding insurance contracts, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007.
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Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | (Dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Funeral: | ||||||||||||||||
Preneed trust-funded (including bonded): | ||||||||||||||||
Sales production | $ | 42.8 | $ | 38.0 | $ | 121.2 | $ | 112.8 | ||||||||
Sales production (number of contracts) | 8,419 | 7,282 | 24,392 | 23,429 | ||||||||||||
Maturities | $ | 49.2 | $ | 47.5 | $ | 157.4 | $ | 150.9 | ||||||||
Maturities (number of contracts) | 10,756 | 10,431 | 34,696 | 35,712 | ||||||||||||
Cemetery: | ||||||||||||||||
Sales production: | ||||||||||||||||
Preneed | $ | 86.6 | $ | 96.0 | $ | 287.1 | $ | 299.5 | ||||||||
Atneed | 59.8 | 73.5 | 191.0 | 218.1 | ||||||||||||
Total sales production | $ | 146.4 | $ | 169.5 | $ | 478.1 | $ | 517.6 | ||||||||
Sales production deferred to backlog: | ||||||||||||||||
Preneed | $ | 37.8 | $ | 42.6 | $ | 118.7 | $ | 134.3 | ||||||||
Atneed | 45.7 | 47.8 | 145.6 | 156.8 | ||||||||||||
Total sales production deferred to backlog | $ | 83.5 | $ | 90.4 | $ | 264.3 | $ | 291.1 | ||||||||
Revenue recognized from backlog: | ||||||||||||||||
Preneed | $ | 32.6 | $ | 44.3 | $ | 97.8 | $ | 124.6 | ||||||||
Atneed | 47.8 | 49.5 | 149.3 | 154.4 | ||||||||||||
Total revenue recognized from backlog | $ | 80.4 | $ | 93.8 | $ | 247.1 | $ | 279.0 | ||||||||
Insurance-Funded Preneed Funeral Contracts:Where permitted by state or provincial law, customers may arrange their preneed funeral contract by purchasing a life insurance or annuity policy from third-party insurance companies, for which we earn a commission as general sales agent for the insurance company. The policy amount of the insurance contract between the customer and the third-party insurance company generally equals the amount of the preneed funeral contract. We do not reflect the unfulfilled insurance-funded preneed funeral contract amounts in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.
The table below details the results of insurance-funded preneed funeral production and maturities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, and the number of contracts associated with those transactions.
Three months ended | Nine months ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | (Dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Preneed funeral insurance-funded (1): | ||||||||||||||||
Sales production | $ | 83.6 | $ | 73.5 | $ | 234.0 | $ | 223.0 | ||||||||
Sales production (number of contracts) | 13,782 | 12,828 | 38,985 | 39,170 | ||||||||||||
General agency revenue | $ | 14.9 | $ | 13.7 | $ | 41.2 | $ | 35.5 | ||||||||
Maturities | $ | 54.5 | $ | 56.7 | $ | 181.2 | $ | 186.3 | ||||||||
Maturities (number of contracts) | 10,520 | 11,281 | 35,461 | 39,341 | ||||||||||||
(1) | Amounts are not included in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. |
Backlog of Preneed Funeral and Cemetery Contracts:The following table reflects our backlog of trust-funded deferred preneed funeral and cemetery contract revenues including amounts related toNon-controlling interest in funeral and cemetery trustsat September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007. Additionally, the table reflects our backlog of unfulfilled insurance-funded contracts (which are not included in our condensed consolidated balance sheet) at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007. The backlog amounts presented are reduced by an amount that we believe will cancel before maturity based on historical experience.
The table also reflects our preneed funeral and cemetery receivables and trust investments (market and cost bases) associated with the backlog of deferred preneed funeral and cemetery contract revenues, net of the estimated cancellation allowance. We believe that the table below is meaningful because it sets forth the aggregate amount of future revenues we expect to recognize as a result of preneed sales, as well as the amount of assets associated with those revenues. Because the future revenues exceed the asset amounts, future revenues will exceed the cash distributions actually received from the associated trusts.
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September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Market | Cost | Market | Cost | |||||||||||||
(Dollars in billions) | ||||||||||||||||
Deferred preneed funeral revenues | $ | 0.58 | $ | 0.58 | $ | 0.53 | $ | 0.53 | ||||||||
Non-controlling interest in funeral trusts | 1.14 | 1.25 | 1.24 | 1.26 | ||||||||||||
$ | 1.72 | $ | 1.83 | $ | 1.77 | $ | 1.79 | |||||||||
Allowance for cancellation on trust investments, at market | (0.12 | ) | (0.12 | ) | (0.13 | ) | (0.13 | ) | ||||||||
Backlog of trust-funded deferred preneed funeral revenues | $ | 1.60 | $ | 1.71 | $ | 1.64 | $ | 1.66 | ||||||||
Backlog of insurance-funded preneed funeral revenues | 3.32 | 3.32 | 3.36 | 3.36 | ||||||||||||
Total backlog of preneed funeral revenues | $ | 4.92 | $ | 5.03 | $ | 5.00 | $ | 5.02 | ||||||||
Preneed funeral receivables and trust investments | $ | 1.34 | $ | 1.45 | $ | 1.43 | $ | 1.45 | ||||||||
Allowance for cancellation on trust investments, at market | (0.11 | ) | (0.11 | ) | (0.11 | ) | (0.11 | ) | ||||||||
Assets associated with backlog of trust-funded deferred preneed funeral revenues, net of estimated allowance for cancellation | $ | 1.23 | $ | 1.34 | $ | 1.32 | $ | 1.34 | ||||||||
Insurance policies associated with insurance-funded deferred preneed funeral revenues, net of estimated allowance for cancellation | 3.32 | 3.32 | 3.36 | 3.36 | ||||||||||||
Total assets associated with backlog of preneed funeral revenues | $ | 4.55 | $ | 4.66 | $ | 4.68 | $ | 4.70 | ||||||||
Deferred preneed cemetery revenues | $ | 0.78 | $ | 0.78 | $ | 0.75 | $ | 0.75 | ||||||||
Non-controlling interest in cemetery trusts | 1.05 | 1.19 | 1.15 | 1.12 | ||||||||||||
$ | 1.83 | $ | 1.97 | $ | 1.90 | $ | 1.87 | |||||||||
Allowance for cancellation on trust investments, at market | (0.13 | ) | (0.13 | ) | (0.12 | ) | (0.12 | ) | ||||||||
Backlog of deferred cemetery revenues | $ | 1.70 | $ | 1.84 | $ | 1.78 | $ | 1.75 | ||||||||
Preneed cemetery receivables and trust investments | $ | 1.30 | $ | 1.43 | $ | 1.43 | $ | 1.40 | ||||||||
Allowance for cancellation on trust investments, at market | (0.14 | ) | (0.14 | ) | (0.15 | ) | (0.15 | ) | ||||||||
Assets associated with backlog of deferred cemetery revenues, net of estimated allowance for cancellation | $ | 1.16 | $ | 1.29 | $ | 1.28 | $ | 1.25 | ||||||||
The difference between the backlog and asset amounts represents the contracts for which we have posted surety bonds as financial assurance in lieu of trusting, the amounts collected from customers that were not required to be deposited into trust, and allowable cash distributions from trust assets. The table also reflects the amounts expected to be received from insurance companies through the assignment of policy proceeds related to insurance-funded funeral contracts.
Results of Operations — Three Months Ended September 30, 2008 and 2007
Management Summary
Key highlights in the third quarter of 2008 were as follows:
• | Revenues decreased $22.9 million, or 4.2%, as a result of decreased cemetery property sales production and significant divestiture activity in the second half of 2007 which included the sale of approximately 400 locations that generated more than $400 million of proceeds and | ||
• | Despite a difficult economic environment, comparable average revenue per funeral service increased 3.8%. Comparable funeral services performed decreased 3.9%. |
Results of Operations
In the third quarter of 2008, we reported net income of $14.6 million ($.06 per diluted share) compared to net income in the third quarter of 2007 of $28.2 million ($.10 per diluted share). These results were impacted by the following items:
• | an after-tax loss on asset sales of $9.3 million in the third quarter of 2008 versus a net after-tax gain of $5.1 million in the third quarter of 2007; | ||
• | an after-tax charge of $2.6 million related to Hurricane Ike losses in third quarter of 2008; | ||
• | an after-tax loss of $3.1 million due to the termination of our SCI Cash Balance Pension Plan in the third quarter of 2007; | ||
• | after-tax expenses related to our acquisition and integration of Alderwoods of $1.8 million in the third quarter of 2007; and | ||
• | after-tax loss from discontinued operations of $0.7 million in the third quarter of 2007. |
Consolidated Versus Comparable Results
The table below reconciles our consolidated GAAP results to our comparable, or “same store,” results for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. We define comparable operations (or same store operations) as those funeral and cemetery locations that were owned for the entire period beginning January 1, 2007 and ending September 30, 2008. The following tables present operating results for funeral and cemetery locations that were owned by us during this period. As implied by our definition of comparable operations, these results include results from the properties that we acquired in the Alderwoods transaction.
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Less: | ||||||||||||||||
results associated | Less: | |||||||||||||||
with acquisition/ | results associated | |||||||||||||||
Three months ended September 30, 2008 | Consolidated | new construction | with divestitures | Comparable | ||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
North America | ||||||||||||||||
Funeral revenue | $ | 348.9 | $ | 9.5 | $ | 0.4 | $ | 339.0 | ||||||||
Cemetery revenue | 166.0 | 3.5 | 0.2 | 162.3 | ||||||||||||
514.9 | 13.0 | 0.6 | 501.3 | |||||||||||||
Germany | ||||||||||||||||
Funeral revenue | 1.5 | — | — | 1.5 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 516.4 | $ | 13.0 | $ | 0.6 | $ | 502.8 | ||||||||
North America | ||||||||||||||||
Funeral gross profits | $ | 59.3 | $ | 0.4 | $ | (0.9 | ) | $ | 59.8 | |||||||
Cemetery gross profits | 22.8 | 0.7 | (0.1 | ) | 22.2 | |||||||||||
Total gross profits | 82.1 | 1.1 | (1.0 | ) | 82.0 |
Less: | ||||||||||||
results associated | ||||||||||||
Three months ended September 30, 2007 | Consolidated | with divestitures | Comparable | |||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||
North America | ||||||||||||
Funeral revenue | $ | 353.9 | $ | 15.8 | $ | 338.1 | ||||||
Cemetery revenue | 183.5 | 7.5 | 176.0 | |||||||||
537.4 | 23.3 | 514.1 | ||||||||||
Germany | ||||||||||||
Funeral revenue | 1.9 | — | 1.9 | |||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 539.3 | $ | 23.3 | $ | 516.0 | ||||||
North America | ||||||||||||
Funeral gross profits | $ | 63.4 | $ | (0.8 | ) | $ | 64.2 | |||||
Cemetery gross profits | 38.9 | 0.7 | 38.2 | |||||||||
102.3 | (0.1 | ) | 102.4 | |||||||||
Germany | ||||||||||||
Funeral gross profits | 0.2 | — | 0.2 | |||||||||
Total gross profits | $ | 102.5 | $ | (0.1 | ) | $ | 102.6 | |||||
The following table provides the data necessary to calculate our consolidated average revenue per funeral service for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. We calculate average revenue per funeral service by dividing consolidated funeral revenue, excluding General Agency (GA) revenues and certain other revenues in order to avoid distorting our averages of normal funeral services revenue, by the number of consolidated funeral services performed during the period.
Three months ended September 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(Dollars in millions, except average | ||||||||
revenue per funeral service) | ||||||||
Consolidated funeral revenue | $ | 350.4 | $ | 355.8 | ||||
Less: consolidated GA and other revenues | 17.1 | 16.8 | ||||||
Adjusted consolidated funeral revenue | $ | 333.3 | $ | 339.0 | ||||
Consolidated funeral services performed | 65,091 | 68,356 | ||||||
Consolidated average revenue per funeral service | $ | 5,121 | $ | 4,959 |
The following table provides the data necessary to calculate our comparable average revenue per funeral service for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. We calculate average revenue per funeral service by dividing comparable funeral revenue, excluding comparable GA revenues and certain other revenues in order to avoid distorting our averages of normal funeral services revenue, by the number of comparable funeral services performed during the period.
Three months ended September 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(Dollars in millions, except average | ||||||||
revenue per funeral service) | ||||||||
Comparable funeral revenue | $ | 340.5 | $ | 340.0 | ||||
Less: comparable GA and other revenues | 16.9 | 15.7 | ||||||
Adjusted comparable funeral revenue | $ | 323.6 | $ | 324.3 | ||||
Comparable funeral services performed | 62,668 | 65,196 | ||||||
Comparable average revenue per funeral service | $ | 5,164 | $ | 4,974 |
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Funeral Results
Funeral Revenue
Consolidated revenues from funeral operations were $350.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared to $355.8 million in the same period of 2007. This decrease is primarily due to the divestiture of non-strategic assets throughout 2007, which resulted in a decrease of $15.4 million of revenue in the third quarter of 2008, partially offset by acquisitions which contributed an additional $9.5 million of revenue, and a 3.3% increase in average revenue per funeral service. Comparable funeral revenues increased $0.5 million, or 0.1%, compared to the third quarter of 2007, driven by a 3.8% increase in our average revenue per funeral service and a $1.2 million increase in GA revenues due to a 14.5% increase in preneed funeral insurance production over the same period in 2007. These increases were partially offset by a 3.9% decline in comparable funeral services performed.
Funeral Services Performed
Our consolidated funeral services performed decreased 3,265, or 4.8%, in the third quarter of 2008 compared to the same period in 2007. This decrease was primarily due to our planned 2007 divestiture of non-strategic assets, which contributed an incremental 3,058 funeral services in the third quarter of 2007, partially offset by an incremental 2,267 from acquisitions in the third quarter of 2008. Our comparable funeral services performed decreased 2,528, or 3.9%. Our comparable cremation rate of 42.4% in the three months ended September 30, 2008 increased from the 41.3% rate for the same period in 2007.
Average Revenue Per Funeral
Our consolidated average revenue per funeral service increased $162, or 3.3%, in the three months ended September 30, 2008 over the same period of 2007 and our comparable average revenue per funeral service increased 3.8%, or $190 per funeral service. These increases reflect the continued benefits from our strategic pricing initiative. This strategy has resulted in a decline in highly discounted, low-service cremation funeral services, but has continued to generate improvements in our average revenue per funeral service and increased profitability.
Funeral Gross Profit
Consolidated funeral gross profit decreased $4.3 million in the third quarter of 2008 compared to the third quarter of 2007 and comparable funeral gross profit decreased $4.6 million, or 7.1%. The consolidated gross margin percentage decreased to 16.9% from 17.9%. These decreases are primarily due to higher selling costs resulting from increased preneed funeral sales production. Revenues associated with the sale of preneed funeral contracts are deferred until the funeral services are performed; however, the related selling costs are expensed as incurred.
Cemetery Results
Cemetery Revenue
Consolidated revenues from our cemetery operations decreased $17.5 million, or 9.5%, in the third quarter of 2008 compared to the third quarter of 2007. This decrease was due to a $7.3 million decline in revenue from the divestiture of non-strategic assets, partially offset by acquisitions which contributed an additional $3.5 million of revenue. Comparable cemetery revenues decreased $13.7 million due to a $10.6 million decline in new property sales and construction revenue as fewer large construction projects were completed in 2008 compared to 2007, as well as a decrease in trust fund income.
Cemetery Gross Profits
Consolidated cemetery gross profit decreased $16.1 million, or 41.4%, in the third quarter of 2008 compared to the third quarter of 2007 and our comparable cemetery gross profit decreased $16.0 million, or 41.9%, in the same period. Our comparable cemetery gross margin percentage was 13.7% compared to 21.7% in the same period of 2007. These margin declines reflect the revenue decrease and a $3.4 million increase in our administrative and selling costs as we continue to increase the number of sales counselors and focus on training initiatives.
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Other Financial Statement Items
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses were $16.1 million in the third quarter of 2008 compared to $32.1 million in the third quarter of 2007. The $16.0 million decrease is due to $5.1 million of costs to terminate our pension plan in 2007, an additional $3.3 million of one-time transition and other expenses related to the acquisition of Alderwoods in 2007 and a $5.5 million of decrease in our employee benefit expense related to reductions in corporate bonuses and long-term incentive plans.
(Loss) Gain on Divestitures and Impairment Charges, net
We recognized a $12.8 million net pretax loss on divestitures and impairment charges, net in the third quarter of 2008. This loss was primarily associated with a $13.9 million impairment charge against assets held for sale primarily in Oregon, West Virginia, and Michigan. In the third quarter of 2007, we recognized $4.9 million net pretax gain on asset divestitures. This gain was primarily associated with the disposition of underperforming funeral and cemetery businesses in the United States and Canada.
Hurricane Expense, net
Hurricane expense, net reflects $4.3 million in estimated property damages incurred at various locations caused by Hurricane Ike in September 2008, net of estimated insurance recoveries.
Interest Expense
Interest expense decreased to $33.2 million in the third quarter of 2008, compared to $38.1 million in the third quarter of 2007. The decrease was primarily attributable to the principal repayments of our $50.0 million term loan, $45.2 million of our 6.5% note and a decrease in interest rates on our term loan.
Interest Income
Interest income of $1.0 million in the third quarter of 2008 represents a $3.3 million decrease from the third quarter of 2007, due to decreases in our average cash balance coupled with a decline in interest rates.
Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Subsidiaries
Equity income from our former equity investment in France was $2.5 million for the third quarter of 2007. The investment was subsequently sold in the fourth quarter of 2007.
Provision for Income Taxes
The income tax rate was 7.3% in the third quarter of 2008, compared to 32.8% in the third quarter of 2007. The lower tax rate in 2008 is attributable to discrete items including the release of certain deferred tax liabilities due to the expiration of certain statues of limitations and state tax planning.
Weighted Average Shares
The diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding was 259.8 million in the third quarter of 2008, compared to 289.6 million in the third quarter of 2007, reflecting share repurchases under our Board-approved share repurchase program.
Results of Operations — Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 and 2007
Management Summary
Key highlights in the first nine months of 2008 were as follows:
• | Revenues decreased $73.7 million, or 4.3%, as a result of significant divestiture activity throughout 2007 which included the sale of approximately 400 locations that generated more than $400 million of proceeds; and | ||
• | Despite a difficult economic environment, comparable average revenue per funeral service increased 4.5%; comparable funeral services performed decreased 2.4%. |
Results of Operations
In the first nine months of 2008, we reported net income of $87.6 million ($.33 per diluted share) compared to net income in the first nine months of 2007 of $80.9 million ($.27 per diluted share). These results were impacted by the following items:
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• | an after-tax loss on asset sales of $23.5 million in the first nine months of 2008 versus a net after-tax loss of $13.2 million in the first nine months of 2007; | ||
• | an after-tax charge of $2.6 million related to Hurricane Ike losses in first nine months of 2008; | ||
• | an after-tax loss from the early extinguishment of debt of $8.4 million in the first nine months of 2007; | ||
• | an after-tax loss of $3.1 million due to the termination of our SCI Cash Balance Pension Plan in the first nine months of 2007; | ||
• | after-tax expenses related to our acquisition and integration of Alderwoods of $0.7 million in the first nine months of 2008 and $11.6 million in the first nine months of 2007; and | ||
• | after-tax loss from discontinued operations of $0.4 million in the first nine months of 2008 versus after-tax income from discontinued operations of $4.5 million in the first nine months of 2007. |
Consolidated Versus Comparable Results
The table below reconciles our consolidated GAAP results to our comparable, or “same store,” results for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007.
Less: | ||||||||||||||||
results associated | Less: | |||||||||||||||
with acquisition/ | results associated | |||||||||||||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2008 | Consolidated | new construction | with divestitures | Comparable | ||||||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||||||
North America | ||||||||||||||||
Funeral revenue | $ | 1,113.9 | $ | 10.2 | $ | 4.9 | $ | 1,098.8 | ||||||||
Cemetery revenue | 519.4 | 3.6 | 1.2 | 514.6 | ||||||||||||
1,633.3 | 13.8 | 6.1 | 1,613.4 | |||||||||||||
Germany | ||||||||||||||||
Funeral revenue | 5.4 | — | — | 5.4 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 1,638.7 | $ | 13.8 | $ | 6.1 | $ | 1,618.8 | ||||||||
North America | ||||||||||||||||
Funeral gross profits | $ | 239.9 | $ | (0.1 | ) | $ | (1.1 | ) | $ | 241.1 | ||||||
Cemetery gross profits | 86.8 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 86.2 | ||||||||||||
326.7 | 0.4 | (1.0 | ) | 327.3 | ||||||||||||
Germany | ||||||||||||||||
Funeral gross profits | 0.3 | — | — | 0.3 | ||||||||||||
Total gross profits | $ | 327.0 | $ | 0.4 | $ | (1.0 | ) | $ | 327.6 | |||||||
Less: | ||||||||||||
results associated | ||||||||||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2007 | Consolidated | with divestitures | Comparable | |||||||||
(Dollars in millions) | ||||||||||||
North America | ||||||||||||
Funeral revenue | $ | 1,149.4 | $ | 78.7 | $ | 1,070.7 | ||||||
Cemetery revenue | 557.9 | 31.5 | 526.4 | |||||||||
1,707.3 | 110.2 | 1,597.1 | ||||||||||
Germany | ||||||||||||
Funeral revenue | 5.1 | — | 5.1 | |||||||||
Total revenues | $ | 1,712.4 | $ | 110.2 | $ | 1,602.2 | ||||||
North America | ||||||||||||
Funeral gross profits | $ | 236.1 | $ | 5.0 | $ | 231.1 | ||||||
Cemetery gross profits | 110.4 | 1.6 | 108.8 | |||||||||
346.5 | 6.6 | 339.9 | ||||||||||
Germany | ||||||||||||
Funeral gross profits | 0.2 | — | 0.2 | |||||||||
Total gross profits | $ | 346.7 | $ | 6.6 | $ | 340.1 | ||||||
The following table provides the data necessary to calculate our consolidated average revenue per funeral service for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. We calculate average revenue per funeral service by dividing consolidated funeral revenue, excluding GA revenues and certain other revenues in order to avoid distorting our averages of normal funeral services revenue, by the number of consolidated funeral services performed during the period.
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Nine months ended September 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(Dollars in millions, except average | ||||||||
revenue per funeral service) | ||||||||
Consolidated funeral revenue | $ | 1,119.3 | $ | 1,154.5 | ||||
Less: Consolidated GA and other revenues | 48.3 | 45.4 | ||||||
Adjusted consolidated funeral revenue | $ | 1,071.0 | $ | 1,109.1 | ||||
Consolidated funeral services performed | 210,482 | 229,028 | ||||||
Consolidated average revenue per funeral service | $ | 5,088 | $ | 4,843 |
The following table provides the data necessary to calculate our comparable average revenue per funeral service for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. We calculate average revenue per funeral service by dividing comparable funeral revenue, excluding comparable GA revenues and certain other revenues in order to avoid distorting our averages of normal funeral services revenue, by the number of comparable funeral services performed during the period.
Nine months ended September 30, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(Dollars in millions, except average | ||||||||
revenue per funeral service) | ||||||||
Comparable funeral revenue | $ | 1,104.2 | $ | 1,075.8 | ||||
Less: Comparable GA and other revenues | 47.9 | 40.3 | ||||||
Adjusted comparable funeral revenue | $ | 1,056.3 | $ | 1,035.5 | ||||
Comparable funeral services performed | 207,122 | 212,255 | ||||||
Comparable average revenue per funeral service | $ | 5,100 | $ | 4,879 |
Funeral Results
Funeral Revenue
Consolidated revenues from funeral operations were $1,119.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to $1,154.5 million in the same period of 2007. This decrease is primarily due to the divestiture of non-strategic assets throughout 2007, which resulted in a decrease of $73.8 million of revenue in the first nine months of 2008, partially offset by acquisitions which contributed an additional $10.2 million of revenue and a 5.1% increase in average revenue per funeral service. Comparable funeral revenues increased $28.4 million, or 2.6%, compared to the first nine months of 2007, driven by a 4.5% increase in the comparable average revenue per funeral service, and a $7.6 million increase in GA revenue due to increased preneed funeral production which more than offset a 2.4% decline in the number of funeral services performed.
Funeral Services Performed
Our consolidated funeral services performed decreased 18,546, or 8.1%, in the first nine months of 2008 compared to the same period in 2007. This decrease was primarily due to our planned 2007 divestiture of non-strategic assets, which contributed an incremental 15,932 funeral services in the first nine months of 2007, partially offset by an incremental 2,267 from acquisitions in 2008. Our comparable funeral services performed decreased 5,133, or 2.4%, primarily due to the implementation of our strategic pricing initiative at former Alderwoods locations discussed below. Our comparable cremation rate of 41.8% in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 increased from the 41.1% rate for the same period in 2007.
Average Revenue Per Funeral
Our consolidated average revenue per funeral service increased $245, or 5.1%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2008 over the same period of 2007 and our comparable average revenue per funeral service increased 4.5%, or $221 per funeral service. These increases reflect the continued benefits from our strategic pricing initiative, which was implemented at former Alderwoods locations throughout 2007. Pursuant to this strategy, we have realigned our pricing focus away from our products to our service offerings, reflecting our competitive advantage and concentrating on services that our customers believe add the most value. This strategy has resulted in a decline in highly discounted, low-service cremation funeral services. These initiatives, although reducing our funeral services volume, have generated improvements in average revenue per funeral service and increased profitability.
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Funeral Gross Profit
Consolidated funeral gross profit increased $3.9 million in the first nine months of 2008 compared to the first nine months of 2007 despite the divestiture of non-strategic assets that contributed an incremental $6.1 million of gross profit in the first nine months of 2007 compared to the first nine months of 2008. The consolidated gross margin percentage increased to 21.5% from 20.5%. Gross profit from our comparable funeral locations increased $10.1 million, or 4.4%, primarily as a result of the increase in comparable revenue described above, partially offset by higher selling costs resulting from increased preneed funeral production, and investments in new marketing initiatives related to higher preneed production.
Cemetery Results
Cemetery Revenue
Consolidated revenues from our cemetery operations decreased $38.5 million, or 6.9%, in the first nine months of 2008 compared to the first nine months of 2007. This decrease was due to a $30.3 million decline in revenue from the divestiture of non-strategic assets, partially offset by acquisitions which contributed an additional $3.6 million of revenue. Comparable cemetery revenues decreased $11.8 million due to a $6.3 million decrease in cemetery trust fund income, as well as a $5.5 million decrease in cemetery perpetual care trust fund income.
Cemetery Gross Profits
Consolidated cemetery gross profit decreased $23.6 million, or 21.4%, in the first nine months of 2008 compared to the first nine months of 2007 and our comparable cemetery gross profit decreased $22.6 million, or 20.8%. Our comparable cemetery gross margin percentage was 16.8% compared to 20.7% in the same period of 2007. We experienced a $4.9 million reduction in administrative and overhead costs as synergies from the Alderwoods acquisition were realized. These decreases were more than offset by increased maintenance costs, including energy-related costs and increased commissions.
Other Financial Statement Items
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses were $62.8 million in the first nine months of 2008 compared to $97.5 million in the first nine months of 2007. The $34.7 million decrease is primarily due to $22.8 million of one-time transition and other expenses related to the acquisition of Alderwoods incurred in 2007, $5.1 million of costs to terminate our pension plan incurred in 2007, as well as a $9.3 million decrease in our employee benefit expense related to reductions in corporate bonuses and long-term incentive plans.
(Loss) gain on Divestitures and Impairment Charges, net
We recognized a $28.7 million net pretax loss in the first nine months of 2008 versus a $6.9 million net pretax gain in the first nine months of 2007 from impairments and asset divestitures primarily associated with non-strategic funeral and cemetery businesses in the United States and Canada. Approximately $22.8 million of the net pretax loss was associated with assets located in Oregon, West Virginia, Michigan, Alabama, and Georgia.
Interest Expense
Interest expense decreased to $100.6 million in the first nine months of 2008, compared to $111.9 million in the first nine months of 2007 as a result of the repayment of $100 million of our term loan in the first half of 2007 and $50 million of our Series A Senior Notes in the fourth quarter of 2007.
Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt
During 2007, we repaid $100.0 million of our term loan and purchased $149.8 million aggregate principal amount of our 6.50% Notes due 2008 and $173.8 million aggregate principal amount of our 7.70% Notes due 2009 in a tender offer. As a result of these transactions, we recognized a loss of $14.5 million, which represents the write-off of unamortized deferred loan costs of $2.1 million, a $1.0 million loss on a related interest rate hedge, and $11.4 million in premiums paid to extinguish the debt.
Hurricane Expense, net
Hurricane expense, net reflects $4.3 million in estimated property damages incurred at various locations caused by Hurricane Ike in September 2008, net of estimated insurance recoveries.
Interest Income
Interest income of $4.4 million in the first nine months of 2008 represents a $3.9 million decrease from the first nine months of 2007, due to decreases in our average cash balance coupled with a decline in interest rates.
Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Subsidiaries
Equity income from our former equity investment in France was $8.7 million for the first nine months of 2007. The decrease was a result of the sale of our remaining equity investment in our French operations in the fourth quarter of 2007.
Other Expense, net
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Other expense, net was a $1.1 million expense in the first nine months of 2008, compared to $4.0 million in expense in the first nine months of 2007, primarily due to a net increase of $1.6 million in foreign currency translation gains and $1.3 million of unfavorable adjustments to our notes receivable allowance in 2007.
Provision for Income Taxes
The income tax rate was 34.6% in the first nine months of 2008, compared to 46.5% in the first nine months of 2007. The lower tax rate in 2008 related to discrete items which includes the release of certain deferred tax liabilities due to the expiration of certain statues of limitations and state tax planning.
Weighted Average Shares
The diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding was 262.5 million in the first nine months of 2008, compared to 294.8 million in the first nine months of 2007, reflecting share repurchases under our Board-approved share repurchase program.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Except as described below, our critical accounting policies are disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Fair Value Measurements
We measure the available-for-sale securities held by our funeral, cemetery merchandise and service, and cemetery perpetual care trusts at fair value on a recurring basis. Changes in unrealized gains and/or losses related to these securities are reflected in other comprehensive income and offset by the non-controlling interest in those unrealized gains and/or losses; therefore these gains and/or losses have no impact on our condensed consolidated statement of operations. Certain of these securities have been classified in Level 3 of the SFAS 157 hierarchy due to significant management judgment required as a result of the absence of quoted market prices, inherent lack of liquidity, and the long-term nature of the securities. These securities represent 3.7% of the total $2.5 billion in securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2008.
No other significant changes to our accounting policies have occurred subsequent to December 31, 2007, except as described below withinRecent Accounting Pronouncements and Accounting Changes.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Accounting Changes
For discussion of recent accounting pronouncements and accounting changes, see Part I, Item 1. Financial Statements, Note 3.
Cautionary Statement on Forward-Looking Statements
The statements in this Form 10-Q that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements made in reliance on the “safe harbor” protections provided under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements may be accompanied by words such as “believe,” “estimate,” “project,” “expect,” “anticipate,” or “predict,” that convey the uncertainty of future events or outcomes. These statements are based on assumptions that we believe are reasonable; however, many important factors could cause our actual results in the future to differ materially from the forward-looking statements made herein and in any other documents or oral presentations made by us, or on our behalf. Important factors, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements include, among others, the following:
• | Changes in general economic conditions, both domestically and internationally, impacting financial markets (e.g., marketable security values, access to capital markets, as well as currency and interest rate fluctuations) that could negatively affect us, particularly, but not limited to, levels of trust fund income, interest expense, and negative currency translation effects. |
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• | Changes in operating conditions such as supply disruptions and labor disputes. |
• | Our inability to achieve the level of cost savings, productivity improvements or earnings growth anticipated by management, whether due to significant increases in energy costs (e.g., electricity, natural gas and fuel oil), costs of other materials, employee-related costs or other factors. |
• | Inability to complete acquisitions, divestitures or strategic alliances as planned or to realize expected synergies and strategic benefits. |
• | The outcomes of pending lawsuits, proceedings, and claims against us and the possibility that insurance coverage is deemed not to apply to these matters or that an insurance carrier is unable to pay any covered amounts to us. |
• | Allegations regarding compliance with laws, regulations, industry standards, and customs regarding burial procedures and practices. |
• | The amounts payable by us with respect to our outstanding legal matters exceed our established reserves. |
• | The outcome of pending Internal Revenue Service audits. We maintain accruals for tax liabilities which relate to uncertain tax matters. If these tax matters are unfavorably resolved, we will make any required payments to tax authorities. If these tax matters are favorably resolved, the accruals maintained by us will no longer be required, and these amounts will be reversed through the tax provision at the time of resolution. |
• | Our ability to manage changes in consumer demand and/or pricing for our products and services due to several factors, such as changes in numbers of deaths, cremation rates, competitive pressures, and local economic conditions. |
• | Changes in domestic and international political and/or regulatory environments in which we operate, including potential changes in tax, accounting, and trusting policies. |
• | Changes in credit relationships impacting the availability of credit and the general availability of credit in the marketplace. |
• | Our ability to successfully access surety and insurance markets at a reasonable cost. |
• | Our ability to successfully leverage our substantial purchasing power with certain of our vendors. |
• | The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting, and our ability to certify the effectiveness of the internal controls and to obtain an unqualified attestation report of our auditors regarding the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. |
• | The possibility that our credit agreement and privately placed debt securities may prevent us from engaging in certain transactions. |
• | Our ability to buy our common stock under our share repurchase programs which could be impacted by, among others, restrictive covenants in our bank agreements, unfavorable market conditions, the market price of our common stock, the nature of other investment opportunities presented to us from time to time, and the availability of funds necessary to continue purchasing common stock. |
• | The financial condition of third-party insurance companies that fund our preneed funeral contracts may impact our future revenues. |
For further information on these and other risks and uncertainties, see our Securities and Exchange Commission filings, including our 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Copies of this document as well as other SEC filings can be obtained from our website at www.sci-corp.com. We assume no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements made herein or any other forward-looking statements made by us, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Marketable Equity and Debt Securities — Price Risk
In connection with our preneed funeral operations and preneed cemetery merchandise and service sales, the related funeral and cemetery trust funds own investments in equity and debt securities and mutual funds, which are sensitive to current market prices.
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Cost and market values as of September 30, 2008 are presented in Part I, Item 1. Financial Statements and Notes 4, 5, and 6 of this Form 10-Q. Also, see Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,Financial Conditions, Liquidity and Capital Resources, for discussion of recent volatility in financial markets.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective disclosure controls and procedures. As of September 30, 2008, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)). Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time period specified by the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In light of the material weaknesses described below, these officers have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2008. To address the material weaknesses described below, we performed additional analyses and other post-closing procedures to ensure our consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These additional analyses and procedures included, among other things: (i) expansion of our normal quarter-end closing and testing procedures, (ii) assignment of a dedicated team of personnel to review all account reconciliations, including reconciliations performed by our outsourced accounting functions, and (iii) deployment of significant in-house and external resources to complete our income tax provision and various account reconciliations, ensure posting of all transactions, and perform a detailed review and comprehensive analysis of account balances and reconciliations. Based on the additional analyses and procedures performed, management has determined that the consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly present, in all material respects, our financial condition, result of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented.
Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting and Status of Remediation Efforts
As reported in our Form 10-K as of December 31, 2007 we did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 as a result of material weaknesses in (a) accounting for income taxes and (b) account reconciliations. A material weakness is a control deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
In response to the identified material weaknesses, our management, with oversight from the Company’s Audit Committee, has dedicated significant resources, including retaining third-party consultants, to enhance the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and remedy the identified material weaknesses. However, these material weaknesses continue to exist as of September 30, 2008.
Accounting for Income Taxes:
Our management has implemented the following remediation steps related to our internal control over the calculation of the Company’s income tax provision and related balance sheet accounts:
• | Hired an experienced Managing Director in the first quarter of 2008 to lead the Company’s tax department, with responsibility for direction and oversight of all income tax and other tax functions. | ||
• | Revised the tax department’s organizational structure to ensure that the department is staffed with an adequate mix of qualified personnel. | ||
• | Hired experienced tax professionals in all tax director and manager level positions. |
Our management is continuing to implement the following remediation steps:
• | The completion of a comprehensive income tax accounting training program for tax and certain finance personnel. |
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• | The evaluation of existing roles and responsibilities within the tax function to ensure they are staffed by appropriate personnel. | ||
• | The enhancement of standardized documentation and processes in the income tax provision area, including the review and approval of related journal entries by experienced tax and finance personnel. | ||
• | The evaluation of various software solutions to replace manual processes and spreadsheets used to compute and manage the tax provision. |
Account Reconciliations:
Our management has implemented the following remediation steps related to our internal control over the timely completion and review of account reconciliations:
• | Created a monitoring function within the Company’s Controller’s organization to review all key account reconciliations. | ||
• | Engaged a third-party advisor to assist our internal subject matter experts in performing an effectiveness review of certain financial processes and related controls, and to make recommendations to management regarding the Company’s organizational structure, control processes and control environment. |
Our management is continuing to implement the following remediation steps:
• | The provision of training, including continuing professional education regarding the impact and importance of business conduct and internal controls, to all employees involved in the account reconciliations process. | ||
• | The hiring of additional in-house resources and an ongoing commitment to evaluate existing roles and responsibilities within the accounting and finance function, to ensure they are staffed by competent and experienced personnel. | ||
• | The hiring of an experienced supervisor to oversee the account reconciliation remediation process and to monitor the related functions after remediation. | ||
• | The continued refinement of certain entity-level monitoring controls, first implemented in the third quarter of 2007 to gain visibility into material issues within business functions, in order to achieve the level of precision and operating effectiveness desired by our management. | ||
• | The creation, implementation, and training of new policies relating to account reconciliations and account write-offs with standardized templates to ensure consistency. | ||
• | The selection of an on-line reconciliation tool to automate the account reconciliation process and centralize account reconciliation storage. |
Until the remaining remediation steps discussed above are fully implemented, the identified material weaknesses will continue to exist.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Except as otherwise discussed herein, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Information regarding legal proceedings is set forth in Note 15 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Form 10-Q, which information is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
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There have been no material changes in our Risk Factors as set forth in Item 1A of our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 except as described below.
Our ability to execute our business plan depends on many factors, many of which are beyond our control.
In addition to the matters discussed in our Form 10-K under this risk factor, the following additional matters could affect the execution of our business plan:
• | Changes in operating conditions, such as supply disruptions and labor disputes, could negatively impact our operations. | ||
• | Our inability to achieve the levels of cost savings, productivity improvements, or earnings growth anticipated by management could affect our financial performance. For example, higher energy costs, including gasoline and natural gas, have increased our costs and negatively impacted our margins. Higher commodity prices for copper, bronze and other raw materials have increased costs associated with some of our cemetery products. | ||
• | Our inability to complete acquisitions, divestitures, or strategic alliances as planned or to realize expected synergies and strategic benefits could impact our financial performance. |
Failure to execute any or all of our strategic plans could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
The financial condition of third-party insurance companies that fund our preneed funeral contracts may impact our future revenues.
Where permitted, customers may arrange their preneed funeral contract by purchasing a life insurance or annuity policy from third-party insurance companies. The customer/policy holder assigns the policy benefits to our funeral home to pay for the preneed funeral contract at the time of need. If the financial condition of the third-party insurance companies were to deteriorate materially because of market conditions or otherwise, we may not be able to collect all or part of the proceeds of the life insurance policy, including the annual increase in the death benefit, when we fulfill the preneed contract at the time of need. Failure to collect such proceeds could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
On July 31, 2008, we issued 762 deferred common stock equivalents, or units, pursuant to provisions regarding dividends under the Amended and Restated Director Fee Plan to four non-employee directors. We did not receive any monetary consideration for the issuances. These issuances were unregistered because they did not constitute a “sale” within the meaning of Section 2(3) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
As of September 30, 2008, the aggregate purchases pursuant to our share repurchase program totaled $947.9 million. As of September 30, 2008, the remaining dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under our share repurchase program was approximately $66.1 million. No shares were repurchased in the third quarter of 2008.
Subsequent to September 30, 2008 we repurchased an additional 4.3 million shares of common stock at an aggregate cost of $28.7 million including commissions (average cost per share of $6.60). After these fourth quarter repurchases, the remaining dollar value of shares authorized to be purchased under our share repurchase program was approximately $37.4 million.
Item 6. Exhibits
12.1 | Ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. | |
31.1 | Certification of Thomas L. Ryan as Chief Executive Officer in satisfaction of Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2 | Certification of Eric D. Tanzberger as Principal Financial Officer in satisfaction of Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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32.1 | Certification of Periodic Financial Reports by Thomas L. Ryan as Chief Executive Officer in satisfaction of Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.2 | Certification of Periodic Financial Reports by Eric D. Tanzberger as Principal Financial Officer in satisfaction of Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
Undertaking
We hereby undertake, pursuant to Regulation S-K, Item 601(b), paragraph (4) (iii), to furnish to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, all constituent instruments defining the rights of holders of our long-term debt not filed herewith for the reason that the total amount of securities authorized under any of such instruments does not exceed 10 percent of our total consolidated assets.
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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
November 7, 2008 | SERVICE CORPORATION INTERNATIONAL | |||
By: | /s/ Jeffrey I. Beason | |||
Jeffrey I. Beason | ||||
Vice President and Corporate Controller (Chief Accounting Officer) | ||||
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Index to Exhibits
12.1 | Ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007. | |
31.1 | Certification of Thomas L. Ryan as Chief Executive Officer in satisfaction of Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2 | Certification of Eric D. Tanzberger as Principal Financial Officer in satisfaction of Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.1 | Certification of Periodic Financial Reports by Thomas L. Ryan as Chief Executive Officer in satisfaction of Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.2 | Certification of Periodic Financial Reports by Eric D. Tanzberger as Principal Financial Officer in satisfaction of Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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