UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
[X] | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2007.
or
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to .
Commission File Number: 000-26477
CYBERSOURCE CORPORATION
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
| | |
Delaware | | 77-0472961 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1295 CHARLESTON ROAD
MOUNTAIN VIEW, CALIFORNIA 94043
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
(650) 965-6000
Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code
N/A
(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, If Changes Since Last Report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer x Non-accelerated-filer ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
As of April 23, 2007, there were 35,123,453 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, outstanding.
CYBERSOURCE CORPORATION
INDEX TO REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
FOR QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2007
2
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
CYBERSOURCE CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2007 | | | December 31, 2006 (1) | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
| | |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 25,753 | | | $ | 21,701 | |
Short-term investments | | | 31,975 | | | | 33,243 | |
Accounts receivable, net | | | 10,272 | | | | 9,614 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 2,120 | | | | 1,823 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 1,894 | | | | 2,320 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 72,014 | | | | 68,701 | |
| | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 3,659 | | | | 3,618 | |
Intangible assets, net | | | 2,811 | | | | 2,845 | |
Non-current deferred income taxes, net | | | 9,629 | | | | 9,629 | |
Other noncurrent assets | | | 2,249 | | | | 2,250 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 90,362 | | | $ | 87,043 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 443 | | | $ | 409 | |
Other accrued liabilities | | | 6,169 | | | | 6,056 | |
Deferred revenue | | | 2,021 | | | | 1,950 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 8,633 | | | | 8,415 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | |
Stockholders' equity: | | | | | | | | |
Common stock | | | 35 | | | | 35 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 370,967 | | | | 368,606 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | | | (48 | ) | | | (52 | ) |
Accumulated deficit | | | (289,225 | ) | | | (289,961 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders' equity | | | 81,729 | | | | 78,628 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity | | $ | 90,362 | | | $ | 87,043 | |
| | | | | | | | |
(1) | Derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2006. |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3
CYBERSOURCE CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
| | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
| | 2007 | | 2006 |
Revenues: | | | | | | |
Transaction and support | | $ | 20,732 | | $ | 13,595 |
Enterprise software | | | 667 | | | 783 |
Professional services | | | 726 | | | 1,206 |
| | | | | | |
Total revenues | | | 22,125 | | | 15,584 |
| | |
Cost of revenues: | | | | | | |
Transaction and support | | | 11,458 | | | 6,438 |
Enterprise software | | | 65 | | | 58 |
Professional services | | | 393 | | | 649 |
| | | | | | |
Cost of revenues | | | 11,916 | | | 7,145 |
| | | | | | |
Gross profit | | | 10,209 | | | 8,439 |
| | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | |
Product development | | | 2,591 | | | 2,114 |
Sales and marketing | | | 4,369 | | | 3,405 |
General and administrative | | | 2,792 | | | 1,937 |
| | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | | 9,752 | | | 7,456 |
| | | | | | |
Income from operations | | | 457 | | | 983 |
| | |
Other income | | | 53 | | | — |
Interest income | | | 673 | | | 482 |
| | | | | | |
| | |
Income before income taxes | | | 1,183 | | | 1,465 |
Income tax provision | | | 447 | | | 590 |
| | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 736 | | $ | 875 |
| | | | | | |
| | |
Basic earnings per share | | $ | 0.02 | | $ | 0.03 |
| | | | | | |
Diluted earnings per share | | $ | 0.02 | | $ | 0.02 |
| | | | | | |
Weighted average number of shares used in computing basic earnings per share | | | 35,011 | | | 34,223 |
| | | | | | |
Weighted average number of shares used in computing diluted earnings per share | | | 37,242 | | | 36,880 |
| | | | | | |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
CYBERSOURCE CORPORATION
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 736 | | | $ | 875 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 468 | | | | 279 | |
Income from investment in joint venture | | | (46 | ) | | | — | |
Stock-based compensation | | | 1,391 | | | | 739 | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | (658 | ) | | | (286 | ) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | (297 | ) | | | 878 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | 426 | | | | 557 | |
Other noncurrent assets | | | 47 | | | | (280 | ) |
Accounts payable | | | 34 | | | | (51 | ) |
Accrued liabilities | | | 113 | | | | (787 | ) |
Deferred revenue | | | 71 | | | | 111 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | | 2,285 | | | | 2,035 | |
| | |
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | (475 | ) | | | (309 | ) |
Acquisition of BidPay.com | | | — | | | | (1,990 | ) |
Purchases of short-term investments | | | (14,783 | ) | | | (9,440 | ) |
Maturities of short-term investments | | | 16,066 | | | | 9,092 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | | | 808 | | | | (2,647 | ) |
| | |
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | | | 970 | | | | 2,029 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 970 | | | | 2,029 | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | | | (11 | ) | | | 10 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | 4,052 | | | | 1,427 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | | | 21,701 | | | | 14,383 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | $ | 25,753 | | | $ | 15,810 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
CYBERSOURCE CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of CyberSource Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, "CyberSource" or the "Company") have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting primarily of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2007. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company's annual report filed on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2006 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 13, 2007, SEC File No. 000-26477.
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123R”), which the Company adopted as of January 1, 2006, using the modified prospective method. The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense of $1.4 million and $0.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006 respectively.
Stock Options
Stock options to purchase the Company’s common stock are granted at prices equal to the fair market value on the grant date. Options generally vest monthly over a four year period beginning from the grant date and generally expire six to ten years from the grant date. Options granted to non-employee directors generally become vested nine to twelve months from the grant date. Nearly all outstanding stock options are non-qualified stock options.
A summary of the Company’s stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2007 is presented in the following table:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Shares | | | Weighted average exercise price per share | | Weighted average remaining contractual life | | Aggregate intrinsic value |
Outstanding as of December 31, 2006 | | 7,500,916 | | | $ | 7.37 | | | | | |
Granted | | 1,055,000 | | | | 12.27 | | | | | |
Exercised | | (204,161 | ) | | | 4.56 | | | | | |
Forfeited | | (19,866 | ) | | | 20.46 | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding as of March 31, 2007 | | 8,331,889 | | | $ | 8.03 | | 5.24 | | $ | 42,899,661 |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
Vested and expected to vest as of March 31, 2007 | | 7,864,672 | | | $ | 7.91 | | 5.22 | | $ | 41,758,089 |
Exercisable as of March 31, 2007 | | 4,167,091 | | | $ | 6.63 | | 4.82 | | $ | 29,986,843 |
During the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, the total intrinsic value of stock options exercised was approximately $1.7 million and $3.4 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2007, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock options was approximately $15.6 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 3.0 years. During the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, the total cash received from the exercise of stock options was approximately $1.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively.
For stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, the Company determined the fair value at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option valuation model and the following weighted average assumptions which are evaluated and revised, as necessary, to reflect market conditions and the Company’s experience:
6
| | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
Risk-free interest rate | | 4.47 | % | | 4.64 | % |
Dividend yield | | — | | | — | |
Volatility | | 0.58 | | | 0.64 | |
Expected life (years) | | 3.46 | | | 2.96 | |
The expected life of the options represents the estimated period of time until exercise and is based on historical experience of similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior. Expected stock price volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock over the expected life of the options. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining expected life. The Company has not paid dividends in the past and does not plan to pay any dividends in the near future.
The weighted average fair value of options granted was $5.48 and $3.89 per share for options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company granted 100,000 restricted shares at a weighted average grant date fair value of $10.46. No shares have vested as of March 31, 2007.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are calculated under the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS 109”). Under SFAS 109, the liability method is used in accounting for income taxes, which includes the effects of temporary differences between financial and taxable amounts of assets and liabilities as well as the effects of net operating loss and credit carryforwards to determine deferred tax assets and liabilities. Valuation allowances are established and adjusted when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to more likely than not be realized.
2. BIDPAY.COM ACQUISITION
In March 2006, the Company acquired BidPay.com, Inc. (“BidPay”), a payment service provider for online auctions. Founded in 1999, BidPay developed a platform based on proprietary technology and acquired over 4.0 million registered users prior to ceasing operations in December 2005. The Company’s primary reason for the acquisition of BidPay is to expand its services into the payment market for online auctions. The aggregate purchase price of approximately $3.0 million consisted of cash consideration of approximately $2.0 million, including $0.2 million of acquisition costs, and $1.0 million in deferred taxes related to the difference between the financial and tax basis of the assets acquired, in exchange for BidPay’s proprietary technology, its databases, and certain intellectual property rights, including exclusive rights to the BidPay brand.
In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force 98-3, “Determining Whether a Nonmonetary Transaction Involves Receipt of Productive Assets or of a Business,” the Company determined that it had acquired productive assets as opposed to a business. As a result, no amount of the purchase price was allocated to goodwill. The total purchase price of $3.0 million was allocated based on the fair values presented below (in thousands):
| | | | | |
| | Fair Market Value | | Straight-line Amortization |
| | | | (years) |
Technology platform | | $ | 269 | | 3 |
Customer list | | | 269 | | 6 |
Trade name | | | 2,451 | | — |
| | | | | |
Total | | $ | 2,989 | | |
| | | | | |
In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“SFAS 142”), the Company concluded that there were no identifiable factors that would limit the useful life of the BidPay trade name and that it intends to use the BidPay trade name indefinitely. As a result, the Company assigned an indefinite useful life to the BidPay trade name and therefore, is not amortizing the portion of the purchase price allocated to the trade name. The Company is required under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“SFAS 144”) to perform tests for impairment of its intangible assets, other than goodwill, annually and more frequently whenever events or circumstances suggest that its intangible assets may be impaired. The Company recorded approximately $34,000 and $7,000 of amortization expense related to intangible assets in the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
7
Estimated amortization expense for the intangible assets on the Company’s March 31, 2007 balance sheet for the fiscal years ended December 31 is as follows (in thousands):
| | | |
Remainder of 2007 | | $ | 100 |
2008 | | | 134 |
2009 | | | 60 |
2010 | | | 45 |
2011 | | | 45 |
2012 | | | 8 |
| | | |
Total | | $ | 392 |
| | | |
The pro forma results of operations have not been presented for the acquisition of BidPay because the effect of this acquisition was not considered material.
3. BALANCE SHEET DETAIL
Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):
| | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2007 | | December 31, 2006 |
Prepaid expenses | | $ | 1,585 | | $ | 1,253 |
Value added taxes receivable | | | 55 | | | 119 |
Acquiring receivable | | | 470 | | | 441 |
Other current assets | | | 10 | | | 10 |
| | | | | | |
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets | | $ | 2,120 | | $ | 1,823 |
| | | | | | |
Other non-current assets consist of the following (in thousands): | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2007 | | December 31, 2006 |
Prepaid rent | | $ | 1,869 | | $ | 1,968 |
Deposits | | | 225 | | | 225 |
Other non-current assets | | | 155 | | | 57 |
| | | | | | |
Total other non-current assets | | $ | 2,249 | | $ | 2,250 |
| | | | | | |
Other accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands): | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2007 | | December 31, 2006 |
Employee benefits and related expenses | | $ | 2,117 | | $ | 3,167 |
Accrued cost of revenues | | | 2,401 | | | 1,617 |
Other liabilities | | | 1,651 | | | 1,272 |
| | | | | | |
Total other accrued liabilities | | $ | 6,169 | | $ | 6,056 |
| | | | | | |
4. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available that is evaluated by the chief operating decision maker or decision-making group to make decisions about how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). The Company views its operations as principally three segments, commerce transaction services and support, enterprise software and professional services and manages the business based on the revenues of these segments.
The following tables present revenues and cost of revenues by the Company's three reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006. There were no inter-business unit sales or transfers. The Company does not report operating expenses, depreciation and amortization, interest income, income taxes, capital expenditures or identifiable assets by its segments to the CEO. The Company's CEO reviews the revenues and cost of revenues from each of the Company's reportable segments, and all of the Company’s expenses are managed by and reported to the CEO on a consolidated basis. Revenues and cost of revenues are as follows (in thousands):
8
| | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | 2007 | | 2006 |
Revenues: | | | | | | |
Transaction and support | | $ | 20,732 | | $ | 13,595 |
Enterprise software | | | 667 | | | 783 |
Professional services | | | 726 | | | 1,206 |
| | | | | | |
Total revenues | | $ | 22,125 | | $ | 15,584 |
| | | | | | |
| | |
Cost of revenues: | | | | | | |
Transaction and support | | $ | 11,458 | | $ | 6,438 |
Enterprise software | | | 65 | | | 58 |
Professional services | | | 393 | | | 649 |
| | | | | | |
Total cost of revenues | | $ | 11,916 | | $ | 7,145 |
| | | | | | |
No customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006.
5. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
The components of comprehensive income are as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 |
Net income | | $ | 736 | | | $ | 875 |
Change in cumulative translation adjustment | | | (11 | ) | | | 10 |
Unrealized gain on short-term investments | | | 15 | | | | 15 |
| | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income | | $ | 740 | | | $ | 900 |
| | | | | | | |
6. LEGAL MATTERS
In July and August 2001, various class action lawsuits were filed in the United States District Court, Southern District of New York, against the Company, its Chairman and CEO, a former officer, and four brokerage firms that served as underwriters in its initial public offering. The actions were filed on behalf of persons who purchased the Company’s stock issued pursuant to or traceable to the initial public offering during the period from June 23, 1999 through December 6, 2000. The action alleges that the Company’s underwriters charged secret excessive commissions to certain of their customers in return for allocations of the Company’s stock in the offering. The two individual defendants are alleged to be liable because of their involvement in preparing and signing the registration statement for the offering, which allegedly failed to disclose the supposedly excessive commissions. On December 7, 2001, an amended complaint was filed in one of the actions to expand the purported class to persons who purchased the Company’s stock issued pursuant to or traceable to the follow-on public offering during the period from November 4, 1999 through December 6, 2000. The lawsuit filed against the Company is one of several hundred lawsuits filed against other companies based on substantially similar claims. On April 19, 2002, a consolidated amended complaint was filed to consolidate all of the complaints and claims into one case. The consolidated amended complaint alleges claims that are virtually identical to the amended complaint filed on December 7, 2001 and the original complaints. In October 2002, the Company’s officer and a former officer that were named in the amended complaint were dismissed without prejudice. In July 2002, the Company, along with other issuer defendants in the case, filed a motion to dismiss the consolidated amended complaint with prejudice. On February 19, 2003, the court issued a written decision denying the motion to dismiss with respect to CyberSource and the individual defendants. On July 2, 2003, a committee of the Company’s Board of Directors approved a proposed partial settlement with the plaintiffs in this matter. The settlement would have provided, among other things, a release of the Company and of the individual defendants for the alleged wrongful conduct in the Amended Complaint in exchange for a guarantee from the Company’s insurers regarding recovery from the underwriter defendants and other consideration from the Company regarding its underwriters. The plaintiffs have continued to litigate against the underwriter defendants. The district court directed that the litigation proceed within a number of “focus cases” rather than in all of the 310 cases that have been consolidated. The Company’s case is not one of these focus cases. On October 13, 2004, the district court certified the focus cases as class actions. The underwriter defendants appealed that ruling, and on December 5, 2006, the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed the district court’s class certification decision. On April 6, 2007, the Second Circuit denied plaintiffs’
9
petition for rehearing. In light of the Second Circuit opinion, the Company has informed the district court that this settlement cannot be approved because the defined settlement class, like the litigation class, cannot be certified. The Company cannot predict whether the Company will be able to renegotiate a settlement that complies with the Second Circuit’s mandate. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the Company cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter. However, any direct financial impact of the proposed settlement is expected to be borne by the Company’s insurers.
On August 11, 2004, the Company filed suit in the Northern District of California against Retail Decisions, Inc. (“ReD US”) and Retail Decisions Plc (“ReD UK”) (collectively, “ReD”), Case No. 3:04-CIV-03268, alleging that ReD infringes the Company’s U.S. Patent No. 6,029,154 (the “’154 Patent”). The Company served ReD US with the complaint on August 12, 2004, and the Company served ReD UK with the complaint on August 13, 2004. On September 30, 2004, ReD responded to the Company’s complaint. ReD filed a motion to stay the case for 90 days pending a determination by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“PTO”) as to whether it will grant ReD’s request that the PTO re-examine the ’154 Patent. ReD also filed a motion for a more definite statement by the Company with respect to its allegation that ReD is willfully infringing the ’154 Patent. In addition, ReD UK filed a motion to dismiss the action against it on the ground that it is not subject to personal jurisdiction in the Northern District of California. On October 27, 2004, ReD filed a request for re-examination with the PTO, based on prior art ReD discovered that allegedly invalidates the Patent. On October 28, 2004, the Company filed an opposition to ReD’s motion to stay the case for 90 days and an opposition to ReD’s motion for a more definite statement with respect to willful infringement. Based on ReD UK’s representation that ReD US is the sole entity that develops, operates, and distributes the eBitGuard service, the Company agreed to dismiss ReD UK while reserving the right to reinstitute action against ReD UK in the event the Company later discovers that ReD UK is subject to the court’s personal jurisdiction. In return, ReD UK agreed that if the Company later establishes that personal jurisdiction existed, the Company could re-file against ReD UK in this action without prejudice to its damages claim. The Company also filed an amended complaint, removing ReD UK as a named defendant and restating the willful infringement claim. On November 16, 2004, the court granted ReD’s motion to stay the proceedings pending the PTO’s decision as to whether it will grant ReD’s request for re-examination. On December 30, 2004, the PTO granted ReD’s request for a re-examination. On January 19, 2005, ReD filed a motion to dismiss the case without prejudice or to extend the stay until completion of the re-examination process. On January 24, 2005, the court extended the stay pending the re-examination process, vacated ReD’s motion to dismiss, and ordered quarterly updates as to the status of the re-examination process. On April 25, 2005, the parties filed a joint status report that was approved by the court. On June 20, 2005, the PTO issued a preliminary office action rejecting all of the claims of the ’154 Patent based on one of the prior art references cited by ReD. On July 14, 2005, the Company met with the PTO examiner handling the re-examination to distinguish the prior art from the claims of the ’154 Patent. On August 9, 2006, the PTO issued a final office action rejecting all of the claims of the ’154 Patent. On September 7, 2006, the Company filed a response to the office action requesting certain amendments to the claims. On October 10, 2006, the PTO filed a response rejecting the amendments and extending the Company’s deadline to file a notice of appeal. On October 30, 2006, the Company filed a notice of appeal. On December 22, 2006, the Company filed an appeal brief. No response brief has yet been filed by the PTO. While there can be no assurances as to the outcome of the lawsuit, the Company does not presently believe that the lawsuit would have a material effect on its financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
The Company is currently party to various legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not believe that the outcome of any of these claims or any of the above mentioned legal matters will have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
7. COMMON STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM
On January 24, 2007, the Board of Directors authorized management to use up to $10.0 million over a twelve-month period beginning on January 30, 2007 to repurchase additional shares of the Company’s common stock. During the period beginning January 30, 2007 and ended March 31, 2007, the Company did not repurchase any shares.
On February 7, 2006, the Board of Directors authorized management to use up to $10.0 million over a twelve-month period beginning on February 10, 2006 to repurchase additional shares of the Company’s common stock. During the period from February 10, 2006 through January 29, 2007, the Company repurchased 268,005 shares at an average price of $9.18 per share, including repurchase costs. All of the repurchased shares were cancelled and returned to the status of authorized, unissued shares. For the period beginning January 30, 2007 through February 9, 2007, the common stock repurchase program authorized on February 7, 2006 was superceded by the common stock repurchase program authorized on January 24, 2007.
8. GUARANTEES
From time to time, the Company enters into certain types of contracts that require the Company to indemnify parties against third-party claims on a contingent basis. These contracts primarily relate to: (i) licenses for software and services; (ii) certain real estate leases, under which the Company may be required to indemnify property owners for environmental and other liabilities, and other claims arising from the Company’s use of the applicable premises; and (iii) certain agreements with the Company’s officers, directors and employees, under which the Company may be required to indemnify such persons for liabilities arising out of their employment relationship.
10
The terms of such obligations vary. Generally, a maximum obligation is not explicitly stated. Because the obligated amounts of these types of agreements often are not explicitly stated, the overall maximum amount of the obligations cannot be reasonably estimated. Historically, the Company has not been obligated to make significant payments for these obligations, and no liabilities have been recorded for these obligations on its balance sheet as of March 31, 2007.
9. INCOME TAXES
The Company accounts for income taxes using the liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets or liabilities for the tax-effected temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities and for net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.
During 2006, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of approximately $9.7 million. This benefit included a $9.9 million reduction in the valuation allowance related to a portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets that will more likely than not be realized. This determination was based on projected taxable income. In evaluating the Company’s ability to realize its deferred tax assets the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence including its past operating results and its forecast of future taxable income. In determining future taxable income, the Company makes assumptions to forecast U.S. federal, U.S. state, and international operating income, the reversal of temporary differences, and the implementation of any feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment regarding the forecasts of future taxable income, and are consistent with the forecasts used to manage the Company’s business. The Company intends to maintain the remaining valuation allowance until sufficient further positive evidence exists to support further reversals of the valuation allowance. The Company’s income tax expense recorded in the future will be reduced to the extent of offsetting decreases in its valuation allowance.
Financial Accounting Standards Interpretation, No. 48
Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Interpretation, or FIN, No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a company’s income tax return, and also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. FIN 48 utilizes a two-step approach for evaluating uncertain tax positions accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 109. Step one, Recognition, requires a company to determine if the weight of available evidence indicates that a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. Step two, Measurement, is based on the largest amount of benefit, which is more likely than not to be realized on ultimate settlement. The cumulative effect of adopting FIN 48 on January 1, 2007 is recognized as a change in accounting principle, recorded as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date. As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, the Company did not recognize any increase or decrease in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken in prior periods, therefore, there was no corresponding adjustment in retained earnings.
Upon adoption of FIN 48, the Company’s policy to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the Company’s provision for (benefit from) income taxes, did not change. As of March 31, 2007, the Company did not have any accrual for payment of interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits.
The Company did not have any amounts of unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1, 2007 (adoption date) and March 31, 2007. Also, the Company did not have any amounts of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect its effective tax rate.
The Company files U.S. federal, U.S. state, and foreign tax returns and has determined that its major tax jurisdictions are the United States and the United Kingdom. For these jurisdictions, the 1998 to 2006 tax years remain subject to examination by the appropriate governmental agencies.
10. RECENT PRONOUNCEMENTS
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company must adopt these new requirements no later than the first quarter of 2008. The Company has not yet determined the effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, if any, upon adoption of SFAS 157, or if it will adopt the requirements prior to the first fiscal quarter of 2008.
11
ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), including statements regarding our expectations, estimations, intentions, beliefs or strategies regarding the future. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
(a) our statement that we do not plan to pay any dividends in the near future; (b) our expectation to recognize stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock options over a weighted average period of approximately 3.0 years; (c) our expectation that our effective tax rate in 2007 will be approximately 38%; (d) our estimated amortization expense for our intangible assets; (e) our belief that cash and short-term investment balances as of March 31, 2007 will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital requirements for at least the next twelve months; (f) our conclusion that, due to the nature of our short-term investments, there is no material market risk exposure with respect to such investments; (g) our expectation that, as the gross margins from our global acquiring services business are significantly lower than our historical transaction and support gross margins, our overall gross margins will continue to decrease as our global acquiring services revenues increase in the future; (h) our belief that if we are unable to adapt to changing market conditions, merchant requirements or emerging industry standards, our business would be materially harmed; (i) our expectation that product development expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007 will moderately increase as we continue to increase headcount to support the development of newly offered services and other related internal systems, and that, as a percentage of revenue, product development expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007 will be relatively consistent with the three months ended March 31, 2007; (j) our expectation that sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2007 will moderately increase in absolute dollars as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007 as we continue to develop our sales and marketing infrastructure to support expected revenue growth, and, as a percentage of revenue, we expect that sales and marketing expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007 will be relatively consistent with the three months ended March 31, 2007; (k) our expectation that general and administrative expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007 will moderately increase in absolute dollars due primarily to higher compensation related expenses and, to a lesser extent, higher third-party professional fees, and that, as a percentage of revenue, we expect general and administrative expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007, to be relatively consistent with the three months ended March 31, 2007; (l) our future minimum lease payments; (m) our intention to maintain the remaining valuation allowance until sufficient further positive evidence exists to support further reversals of the valuation allowance; (n) our expectation that quarterly results will fluctuate significantly; (o) our statement that, as part of our future business strategy, we may pursue strategic acquisitions of complementary businesses or technologies that would provide additional product or service offerings, additional industry expertise, a broader client base or an expanded geographic presence; (p) statements suggesting that to remain competitive, we must continue to enhance and improve the responsiveness, functionality and features of our products and services and the underlying network infrastructure; (q) our expectation that competitive pressures may result in the reduction of our prices or our market share or both, which could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition; (r) statements regarding our success depending on our ability to grow, or scale, our commerce transaction systems to accommodate increases in the volume of traffic on our systems, especially during peak periods of demand; (s) statements regarding our future growth also depending in part on our proprietary technology and licensed technology, the success of our relationships with existing and future sales alliances that market our products and services to their merchant accounts and our ability to both internally develop and license leading technologies to enhance our existing products and services; (t)��statements regarding the use of and interest in the Internet; (u) statements regarding the increase in the significance of the Internet as a commercial marketplace; (v) the statement regarding our belief that our fraud screen service may require us to comply with the Fair Credit Reporting Act; (w) statements regarding our belief that the potential adverse effects of the proposed settlement of the pending class action lawsuits involving stock issued or traceable to the Company’s initial public offering would be borne by insurers; (x) statements regarding our belief that litigation outcomes of class action lawsuits and other claims will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows; (y) our belief that an adverse outcome in a lawsuit relating to the ’154 Patent will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows; (z) our statement regarding a reduction to income tax expense recorded in the future resulting from realizing deferred tax assets; (aa) our belief that our future success will depend upon our ability to retain our key management personnel; (bb) our belief that if BidPay.com’s revenue increases, our potential liability for chargebacks also would increase; (cc) our expectation that we will recognize stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period of the award; (dd) our expectation that interest income will increase in the three months ended June 30, 2007 due to anticipated higher cash, cash equivalents and short-term investment balances; (ee) our belief that if we are not successful in the payment market for online auctions, we will incur substantial charges as a result of exiting this business; (ff) our expectation that competition will intensify in the future; and (gg) our belief that periodic interruptions will continue to occur from time to time.
Actual results could differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statement for the reasons and factors detailed below under Part II, Item 1A "Risk Factors" and in other sections of this Report on Form 10-Q. All forward-looking statements included in this Form 10-Q are based on information available to us on the date of this Report on Form 10-Q, and we assume no obligation to update the forward-looking statements, or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those projected in the forward-looking statements. See Part II, Item 1A "Risk Factors" below, as well as such other risks and uncertainties as are
12
detailed in our Securities and Exchange Commission reports and filings for a discussion of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Such factors include but are not limited to the following cautions: (1) we are subject to the risks encountered by early stage companies, such as risks of intense competition and rapid technological change in our industry, risks that we may not be able to fully utilize relationships with our strategic partners and indirect sales channels and risks that any fluctuations in our quarterly operating results will be significant relative to our revenues; (2) inability to comply with new accounting pronouncements; (3) inability to capitalize on increasing need for our global acquiring services; (4) there is no assurance that we will realize sufficient revenues to achieve ongoing profitability; (5) our competitors may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements; (6) potential system failures, compromised security measures or lack of capacity issues could negatively affect demand for our services; (7) exposure to unanticipated income tax liabilities; (8) the outcome of pending litigation is subject to significant uncertainty and predictions regarding such outcomes may not be accurate; (9) third parties may claim that the technology employed in providing our current or future products and services infringes upon their rights; (10) lack of acceptance in the payment market for online auctions; (8) unanticipated trends with respect to seasonality of the retail sector; (11) unanticipated difficulties associated with integration of the BidPay business; and (12) loss of key management personnel to competitors.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto and Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 13, 2007 (SEC File No. 000-26477).
OVERVIEW
We derive our revenues from monthly commerce transaction processing fees and global acquiring fees, support service fees, professional services and the sale of enterprise software licenses and related maintenance. Transaction and global acquiring revenues are recognized in the period in which the transactions occur. Professional services revenue and support service fees are recognized as the related services are provided and costs are incurred. Enterprise software license revenue is recognized when the contract is signed, the software is delivered and the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. Enterprise software maintenance revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the maintenance period. For the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, no customer accounted for more than 10% of revenues.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Our financial statements are based on the selection and application of significant accounting policies, which require management to make significant estimates and assumptions. We believe that the following are the more critical judgment areas in the application of our accounting policies that currently affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104, “Revenue Recognition” (“SAB 104”) and Statement of Position 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition” (“SOP 97-2”), as amended. SAB 104 and SOP 97-2 require that four basic criteria must be met before revenue can be recognized: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; (2) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; (3) the fee is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectibility is reasonably assured. Determination of criteria (4) is based on management’s judgments regarding the collectibility of fees. Should changes in conditions cause management to determine these criteria are not met for certain future transactions, revenue recognized for any reporting period could be adversely affected.
We derive a significant portion of our transaction processing revenues from global acquiring fees charged to merchants for payment processing services. Our fees, which are primarily a percentage of the dollar amount of each transaction processed, are based upon the merchant’s monthly charge volume and risk profile. In addition, we record revenues for miscellaneous services related to global acquiring, such as fees for processing credit card chargebacks. In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force 99-19, “Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal Versus Net as an Agent” (“EITF 99-19”), we recognize these fees on a gross basis as we are the primary agent in the transaction in the period the merchants’ transactions are processed. Related interchange fees paid to card issuing banks and assessments paid to credit card associations are recognized in cost of revenues at that time.
We use the residual method of accounting as permitted by Statement of Position 98-9 (“SOP 98-9”) to recognize revenue when a software license includes one or more elements to be delivered at a future date and vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) exists for all undelivered elements. We allocate revenue to each element based on its fair value as determined by VSOE. We defer revenue for any undelivered elements and recognize the deferred revenue when the product is delivered or over the period in which the service is performed.
We derive our professional services revenue from time and material contracts and fixed-price contracts, which require the accurate estimation of the cost, scope and duration of each engagement. Revenue and the related costs for these projects are generally recognized as those services are delivered. Estimates are made regarding time to complete the projects and revisions to estimates are reflected in the period in which changes become known. If we do not accurately estimate the resources required or the scope of work to be performed, or do not manage our projects properly within the planned periods of time or satisfy obligations under the contracts, then future professional service margins may be significantly and negatively affected or losses on existing contracts may need to be recognized.
13
Accounts Receivable
We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the potential inability of our customers to make required payments as well as for potential sales returns. If the financial condition of our customers was to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make payments, additional allowances may be required. These estimates are based on historical bad debt experience and other known factors. If the historical data we used to determine these estimates does not properly reflect future losses, additional allowances may be required.
Reserve for Merchant Losses
We have potential liability for certain transactions processed through our global acquiring services if the payments associated with such transactions are rejected, refused, or returned for reasons such as consumer fraud or billing disputes. For instance, if a billing dispute between a merchant and payer is not ultimately resolved in favor of the merchant, the disputed transaction may be charged back to the merchant’s bank and credited to the payer’s account. If the charged back amount cannot be recovered from the merchant’s account, or if the merchant refuses or is financially unable to reimburse its bank for the charged back amount, we may bear the loss for the amount of the refund paid to the payer’s bank. We could also incur fraud losses as a result of merchant fraud. Merchant fraud occurs when a merchant, rather than a customer, intentionally uses a stolen or counterfeit card, card number, or other bank account number to process a false sales transaction, or knowingly fails to deliver merchandise or services in an otherwise valid transaction. We may be responsible for any losses for certain transactions if we are unable to collect from the merchant. We evaluate the merchant’s risk for potential losses based on historical experience and other relevant factors and record a loss reserve accordingly. If the data we use to determine potential losses does not properly reflect future losses, additional reserves may be required.
Legal Contingencies
We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings and are required to assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes of these proceedings as well as potential ranges of probable losses. A determination of the amount of accruals required, if any, for these contingencies is made after careful analysis. As discussed in Note 6 of our consolidated financial statements, as of March 31, 2007, we do not believe our current proceedings will have a material impact on our consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. It is possible, however, that future results of operations for any particular quarter or annual period could be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or as a result of the effectiveness of our strategies related to these proceedings.
Accounting for Income Taxes
We account for income taxes using the liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets or liabilities for the tax-effected temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of our assets and liabilities, and for net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.
During 2006, we recorded an income tax benefit of $9.7 million. This benefit included a $9.9 million reduction in the valuation allowance related to a portion of our deferred tax assets that will more likely than not be realized, based on future projected taxable income. In evaluating our ability to realize our deferred tax assets we consider all available positive and negative evidence including our past operating results and our forecast of future taxable income. In determining future taxable income, we make assumptions to forecast U.S. federal, U.S. state, and international operating income, the reversal of temporary differences, and the implementation of any feasible and prudent tax planning strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment regarding the forecasts of future taxable income, and are consistent with the forecasts used to manage our business. We intend to maintain the remaining valuation allowance until sufficient further positive evidence exists to support further reversals of the valuation allowance. Our income tax expense recorded in the future will be reduced to the extent of offsetting decreases in our valuation allowance.
Stock-based Compensation
Under the fair value recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment”, “SFAS 123R”), we used the Black-Scholes option valuation model to estimate stock-based compensation expense at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and we will recognize the expense ratably over the requisite service period of the award. Determining the appropriate fair value model and assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based awards requires judgment, including estimating stock price volatility, forfeiture rates and expected life. As of March 31, 2007, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock options was approximately $15.6 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 3.0 years.
14
Long-Lived Assets
Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“SFAS 144”) requires that we perform tests for impairment of our intangible assets, other than goodwill, annually and more frequently whenever events or circumstances suggest that our intangible assets may be impaired. As of March 31, 2007, we had recorded intangible assets related to our acquisition of BidPay.com (“BidPay”) in March 2006, with a carrying value of approximately $2.8 million. To evaluate potential impairment, SFAS 144 requires us to assess whether the future cash flows related to these assets will be greater than their carrying value at the time of the test. Accordingly, while our cash flow assumptions are consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses, there is significant judgment in determining the cash flows attributable to our intangible assets over their respective estimated useful lives.
We are required to periodically evaluate our intangible asset balances for impairment. If we incur impairments to our intangible assets, it could have an adverse impact on our future earnings.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth certain items in our condensed consolidated statements of operations expressed as a percentage of revenue for the periods indicated:
| | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
|
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
Revenues | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % |
Cost of revenues | | 53.9 | | | 45.8 | |
| | | | | | |
Gross profit | | 46.1 | | | 54.2 | |
| | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | |
Product development | | 11.7 | | | 13.7 | |
Sales and marketing | | 19.7 | | | 21.8 | |
General and administrative | | 12.6 | | | 12.4 | |
| | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | 44.0 | | | 47.9 | |
| | | | | | |
Income from operations | | 2.1 | | | 6.3 | |
Interest and other income | | 3.2 | | | 3.1 | |
| | | | | | |
Income before income taxes | | 5.3 | | | 9.4 | |
Income tax provision | | 2.0 | | | 3.8 | |
| | | | | | |
Net income | | 3.3 | % | | 5.6 | % |
| | | | | | |
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2007 AND 2006
Revenues. Revenues were $22.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to $15.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, an increase of approximately $6.5 million or 42.0%. Transaction and support revenues were $20.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to $13.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, an increase of approximately $7.1 million or 52.5%. Approximately 70% of the increase in transaction and support revenues was from existing customers, primarily resulting from an increase in global acquiring services, as well as an increase in transaction volumes processed. The remaining increase in transaction and support revenues was from new customers that entered into contracts during the twelve months ended March 31, 2007. Global acquiring revenues represented 42.7% of our transaction and support revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to 32.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2006. Our global acquiring revenue may also include fees generated for gateway services as it is becoming more common to charge the customer a bundled price for global acquiring and gateway services. We processed approximately 264.2 million transactions during the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to approximately 196.4 million transactions processed during the three months ended March 31, 2006. Enterprise software license and maintenance revenues decreased to $0.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2007, a decrease of approximately 14.8% as compared to the $0.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2006. Professional services revenues were $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, a decrease of approximately $0.5 million or 39.8%. The decrease in professional services revenues is primarily due to a general decrease in demand for professional services projects that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2007. No customer accounted for more than 10% of our revenues during the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006.
15
Cost of Revenues. Transaction and support cost of revenues consists primarily of costs incurred in the delivery of commerce transaction services, including personnel costs in our operations and customer support functions, processing and interchange fees relating to our global acquiring services, other third-party fees, depreciation of capital equipment used in our network infrastructure and costs related to the hosting of our servers at third-party hosting centers in the United States and the United Kingdom. Transaction and support cost of revenues was $11.5 million or 55.3% of transaction and support revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to $6.4 million or 47.4% of transaction and support revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2006. The increase in absolute dollars and as a percentage of transaction and support revenues is primarily due to higher processing fees paid to third parties such as the credit card issuing banks, payment processors and card associations related to our global acquiring services, which are variable costs that increase in absolute dollars as the related revenue increases and decrease as the related revenue decreases. As the gross margins from our global acquiring services business are significantly lower than our historical transaction and support gross margins, we expect our overall gross margins to continue to decrease as our global acquiring services revenues increase in the future. Enterprise software cost of revenues is composed of customer support personnel costs, third party fees and fulfillment costs. Enterprise software cost of revenues was $0.1 million or 9.7 % of enterprise software revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2007, consistent with the $0.1 million or 7.4% of enterprise software revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2006. Professional services cost of revenues consists principally of personnel-related costs and expenses, and a portion of allocated overhead costs related to providing professional services. Professional services cost of revenues was $0.4 million or 54.1% of professional services revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to $0.6 million or 53.8% of professional services revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2006. The decrease in absolute dollars is primarily due to lower personnel-related costs resulting from a decrease in personnel necessary to support our professional services projects during the three months ended March 31, 2007. Included in cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, is approximately $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense.
Product Development. Product development expenses consist primarily of compensation and related costs of employees engaged in the maintenance of existing services as well as research, design and development of new services and, to a lesser extent, facility costs and related overhead. Product development expenses were $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, an increase of approximately $0.5 million or 22.6%. The increase is primarily due to an increase in headcount and related compensation expense which increased by approximately $0.2 million and product development expenses related to BidPay of approximately $0.1 million. Stock-based compensation expenses were approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007, consistent with the $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006. As a percentage of revenue, product development expenses decreased to 11.7% in the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to 13.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2006. The decrease is primarily due to the increase in revenue from existing and new customers during the three months ended March 31, 2007, offset, to a certain extent, by the increase in compensation expense. We expect product development expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to moderately increase as we continue to increase headcount to support the development of newly offered services and other related internal systems. As a percentage of revenue, we expect product development expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007 to be relatively consistent with the three months ended March 31, 2007.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of compensation of sales and marketing personnel, market research and advertising costs and, to a lesser extent, facility costs and related overhead. Sales and marketing expenses were $4.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, an increase of approximately $1.0 million or 28.3%. The increase is primarily due to an increase in headcount and related compensation expense which increased by approximately $1.0 million. Stock-based compensation expense was approximately $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. As a percentage of revenue, sales and marketing expenses were 19.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to 21.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2006. The decrease is primarily due to the increase in revenue from existing and new customers during the three months ended March 31, 2007, offset, to a certain extent, by the increase in compensation expense. We expect that sales and marketing expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007, will moderately increase in absolute dollars as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2007, as we continue to develop our sales and marketing infrastructure to support expected revenue growth. As a percentage of revenue, we expect sales and marketing expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007, to be relatively consistent with the three months ended March 31, 2007.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation for administrative personnel, fees for outside professional services and, to a lesser extent, facility costs and related overhead. General and administrative expenses were $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, an increase of approximately $0.9 million or 44.1%. The increase is primarily due to an increase in compensation related expenses which increased by approximately $0.6 million and general and administrative expenses related to BidPay of approximately $0.1 million. Stock-based compensation expense was approximately $0.7 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. As a percentage of revenue, general and administrative expenses were 12.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to 12.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2006. We expect that general and administrative expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007, will moderately increase in
16
absolute dollars due primarily to higher compensation related expenses and, to a lesser extent, higher third-party professional fees. As a percentage of revenue, we expect general and administrative expenses in the three months ended June 30, 2007, to be relatively consistent with the three months ended March 31, 2007.
Other Income.Other income for the three months ended March 31, 2007 consists primarily of joint venture income from CyberSource K.K. of approximately $47,000.
Interest Income. Interest income consists of interest earnings on cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments and was $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007 as compared to $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006. The increase is primarily due to an increase in average balances of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments during the three months ended March 31, 2007 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006 as a result of our income from operations in the twelve months ended March 31, 2007 and slightly higher investment yields. We expect interest income to increase in the three months ended June 30, 2007 due to anticipated higher cash, cash equivalents and short-term investment balances.
Income Tax Provision.We recorded a provision for income tax expense of $0.4 million, or an effective tax rate of 38%, for the three months ended March 31, 2007, as compared to $0.6 million, or an effective tax rate of 40%, for the three months ended March 31, 2006. The decrease in our provision for income taxes is primarily due to decreases in federal and state income taxes, driven by lower taxable income period over period and proportionately more earnings expected to be realized in jurisdictions with lower statutory tax rates. There were no significant discrete items that impacted the effective tax rate in the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006.
We expect our effective tax rate in 2007 to be approximately 38%. However, our effective tax rate could fluctuate significantly on a quarterly basis and could be adversely affected to the extent earnings are lower than anticipated in jurisdictions where we have lower statutory rates and higher than anticipated in jurisdictions where we have higher statutory rates, by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets or liabilities, or by changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles, or interpretations thereof. In addition, we are subject to the examination of our income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service and other tax authorities.
During the fourth quarter of 2006, we recorded a reduction in the valuation allowance related to a portion of our deferred tax assets that will more likely than not be realized, based on future projected taxable income. We intend to maintain the remaining valuation allowance until sufficient further positive evidence exists to support further reversals of the valuation allowance. Our income tax expense recorded in the future will be reduced to the extent of offsetting decreases in our valuation allowance.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments were $57.7 million as of March 31, 2007 compared to $54.9 million as of December 31, 2006. Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments increased by approximately $2.8 million from December 31, 2006 to March 31, 2007. The increase is primarily due to the following (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three months Ended March 31, | |
| | 2007 | | | 2006 | |
Cash provided by operating activities | | $ | 2,285 | | | $ | 2,035 | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | | | 970 | | | | 2,029 | |
Acquisition of BidPay | | | — | | | | (1,990 | ) |
Payment of bonuses under company-wide bonus plan | | | (953 | ) | | | (629 | ) |
Purchases of equipment | | | (475 | ) | | | (309 | ) |
We believe that our cash and short-term investment balances as of March 31, 2007 will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital requirements for at least the next twelve months. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors including the level of investment we make in new businesses, new products or new technologies. We currently have no agreements or understandings with respect to any future investments or acquisitions. To the extent that our existing cash resources and future earnings are insufficient to fund our future activities, we may need to obtain additional equity or debt financing. Additional funds may not be available or, if available, we may not be able to obtain them on favorable terms.
The following is a table summarizing our significant commitments as of March 31, 2007, consisting of future minimum lease payments under all non-cancelable and operating leases (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Contractual obligations | | Total | | Less than 1 year | | 1 –3 years | | 3 –5 years | | More than 5 years |
Operating leases | | $ | 6,653 | | $ | 1,156 | | $ | 2,882 | | $ | 2,456 | | $ | 159 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total commitments | | $ | 6,653 | | $ | 1,156 | | $ | 2,882 | | $ | 2,456 | | $ | 159 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
17
Recent Pronouncements
Effective January 1, 2007, we adopted Financial Accounting Standards Interpretation, or FIN, No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a company’s income tax return, and also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. FIN 48 utilizes a two-step approach for evaluating uncertain tax positions accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS 109”). Step one, Recognition, requires a company to determine if the weight of available evidence indicates that a tax position is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. Step two, Measurement, is based on the largest amount of benefit, which is more likely than not to be realized on ultimate settlement. The cumulative effect of adopting FIN 48 on January 1, 2007 is recognized as a change in accounting principle, recorded as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date. As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, we did not recognize any increase or decrease in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits related to tax positions taken in prior periods, therefore, there was no corresponding adjustment in retained earnings.
Upon adoption of FIN 48, our policy to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within our provision for (benefit from) income taxes, did not change. As of March 31, 2007, we did not have any accrual for payment of interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits.
We did not have any amounts of unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1, 2007 (adoption date) and March 31, 2007. Also, we did not have any amounts of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect our effective tax rate.
We file U.S. federal, U.S. state, and foreign tax returns and have determined that our major tax jurisdictions are the United States and the United Kingdom. For these jurisdictions, the 1998 – 2006 tax years remain subject to examination by the appropriate governmental agencies.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We must adopt these new requirements no later than the first quarter of 2008. We have not yet determined the effect on our consolidated financial statements, if any, upon adoption of SFAS 157, or if we will adopt the requirements prior to the first fiscal quarter of 2008.
Factors That May Affect Future Results
A description of the risk factors associated with our business is included under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part II of this report.
ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
We provide our services to customers primarily in the United States and, to a lesser extent, in Europe and elsewhere throughout the world. As a result, our financial results could be affected by factors, such as changes in foreign currency exchange rates or weak economic conditions in foreign markets. The majority of sales are currently made in U.S. dollars or pounds sterling. A strengthening of the dollar or the pound sterling could make our products less competitive in foreign markets. Our interest income is sensitive to changes in the general level of U.S. interest rates.
Due to the nature of our short-term investments, we have concluded that there is no material market risk exposure with respect to such investments.
ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms. Based on the evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
Our management, including the CEO and the CFO, does not expect that our disclosure controls or our internal controls over financial reporting will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system
18
must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. We confirm that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and that our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at that reasonable assurance level.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
In July and August 2001, various class action lawsuits were filed in the United States District Court, Southern District of New York, against us, our Chairman and CEO, a former officer, and four brokerage firms that served as underwriters in our initial public offering. The actions were filed on behalf of persons who purchased our stock issued pursuant to or traceable to the initial public offering during the period from June 23, 1999 through December 6, 2000. The action alleges that our underwriters charged secret excessive commissions to certain of their customers in return for allocations of our stock in the offering. The two individual defendants are alleged to be liable because of their involvement in preparing and signing the registration statement for the offering, which allegedly failed to disclose the supposedly excessive commissions. On December 7, 2001, an amended complaint was filed in one of the actions to expand the purported class to persons who purchased our stock issued pursuant to or traceable to the follow-on public offering during the period from November 4, 1999 through December 6, 2000. The lawsuit filed against us is one of several hundred lawsuits filed against other companies based on substantially similar claims. On April 19, 2002, a consolidated amended complaint was filed to consolidate all of the complaints and claims into one case. The consolidated amended complaint alleges claims that are virtually identical to the amended complaint filed on December 7, 2001 and the original complaints. In October 2002, our officer and a former officer that were named in the amended complaint were dismissed without prejudice. In July 2002, we, along with other issuer defendants in the case, filed a motion to dismiss the consolidated amended complaint with prejudice. On February 19, 2003, the court issued a written decision denying the motion to dismiss with respect to CyberSource and the individual defendants. On July 2, 2003, a committee of our Board of Directors approved a proposed partial settlement with the plaintiffs in this matter. The settlement would have provided, among other things, a release of CyberSource and of the individual defendants for the alleged wrongful conduct in the Amended Complaint in exchange for a guarantee from our insurers regarding recovery from the underwriter defendants and other consideration from us regarding our underwriters. The plaintiffs have continued to litigate against the underwriter defendants. The district court directed that the litigation proceed within a number of “focus cases” rather than in all of the 310 cases that have been consolidated. Our case is not one of these focus cases. On October 13, 2004, the district court certified the focus cases as class actions. The underwriter defendants appealed that ruling, and on December 5, 2006, the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed the district court’s class certification decision. On April 6, 2007, the Second Circuit denied plaintiffs’ petition for rehearing. In light of the Second Circuit opinion, we have informed the district court that this settlement cannot be approved because the defined settlement class, like the litigation class, cannot be certified. We cannot predict whether we will be able to renegotiate a settlement that complies with the Second Circuit’s mandate. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of the matter. However, any direct financial impact of the proposed settlement is expected to be borne by our insurers.
On August 11, 2004, we filed suit in the Northern District of California against Retail Decisions, Inc. (“ReD US”) and Retail Decisions Plc (“ReD UK”) (collectively, “ReD”), Case No. 3:04-CIV-03268, alleging that ReD infringes our U.S. Patent No. 6,029,154 (the “’154 Patent”). We served ReD US with the complaint on August 12, 2004, and we served ReD UK with the complaint on August 13, 2004. On September 30, 2004, ReD responded to our complaint. ReD filed a motion to stay the case for 90 days pending a determination by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“PTO”) as to whether it will grant ReD’s request that the PTO re-examine the ’154 Patent. ReD also filed a motion for a more definite statement by us with respect to our allegation that ReD is willfully infringing the ’154 Patent. In addition, ReD UK filed a motion to dismiss the action against it on the ground that it is not subject to personal jurisdiction in the Northern District of California. On October 27, 2004, ReD filed a request for re-examination with the PTO, based on prior art ReD discovered that allegedly invalidates the Patent. On October 28, 2004, we filed an opposition to ReD’s motion to stay the case for 90 days and an opposition to ReD’s motion for a more definite statement with respect to willful infringement. Based on ReD UK’s representation that ReD US is the sole entity that develops, operates, and distributes the eBitGuard service, we agreed to dismiss ReD UK while reserving the right to reinstitute action against ReD UK in the event we later discover that ReD UK is subject to the court’s personal jurisdiction. In return, ReD UK agreed that if we later establish that personal jurisdiction existed, we could re-file against ReD UK in this action without prejudice to our damages claim. We also filed an amended complaint, removing ReD UK as a named defendant and restating the willful infringement claim. On November 16, 2004, the court granted ReD’s motion to stay the proceedings pending the PTO’s decision as to whether it will grant ReD’s request for re-examination. On December 30, 2004, the PTO granted ReD’s request for a re-examination. On January 19, 2005, ReD filed a motion to dismiss the case without prejudice or to extend the stay until completion of the re-examination process. On January 24, 2005, the court extended the stay pending the re-examination process, vacated ReD’s motion to dismiss, and ordered quarterly updates as to the status of the re-examination process. On April 25, 2005, the parties filed a joint status report that was approved by the court. On June 20, 2005, the PTO issued a preliminary office action rejecting all of the claims of the ’154 Patent based on one of the prior art references cited by ReD. On July 14, 2005, we
19
met with the PTO examiner handling the re-examination to distinguish the prior art from the claims of the ’154 Patent. On August 9, 2006, the PTO issued a final office action rejecting all of the claims of the ’154 Patent. On September 7, 2006, we filed a response to the office action requesting certain amendments to the claims. On October 10, 2006, the PTO filed a response rejecting the amendments and extending our deadline to file a notice of appeal. On October 30, 2006, we filed a notice of appeal. On December 22, 2006, we filed an appeal brief. No response brief has yet been filed by the PTO. While there can be no assurances as to the outcome of the lawsuit, we do not presently believe that the lawsuit would have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
We are currently party to various legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the outcome of any of these claims or any of the above mentioned legal matters will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Set forth below, elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and in other documents we file with the SEC are risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements contained in this report. The occurrence of any of the developments or risks identified below may make the occurrence of one or more of the other risk factors below more likely to occur.
There are no material changes to the Risk Factors described under the title “Factors That May Affect Future Performance” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
The Expected Fluctuations of Our Quarterly Results Could Cause Our Stock Price to Fluctuate or Decline
We expect that our quarterly operating results will fluctuate significantly in the future based upon a number of factors, many of which are not within our control. We base our operating expenses on anticipated market growth and our operating expenses are relatively fixed in the short term. As a result, if our revenues are lower than we expect, our quarterly operating results may not meet the expectations of public market analysts or investors, which could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.
Our quarterly results may fluctuate in the future as a result of many factors, including the following:
| • | | changes in the size and number of transactions processed on behalf of customers as a result of seasonality, success of each customer’s business, general economic conditions or regulatory requirements restricting our customers; |
| • | | our ability to attract new customers and to retain our existing customers; |
| • | | customer acceptance of new products and services we may offer, including our global acquiring business and the BidPay.com business that we re-launched, and if such businesses are not operated profitably, the write down of intangible assets related to such businesses; |
| • | | customer acceptance of our pricing model; |
| • | | customer acceptance of our software and our professional services offerings; |
| • | | the success of our sales and marketing programs; |
| • | | an interruption with one or more of our processors, other financial institutions and technology service providers; |
| • | | seasonality of the retail sector; |
| • | | changes in accounting rules and regulations; |
| • | | war or other international conflicts; and |
| • | | weakness in the general U.S. economy and the lack of available capital for our customers and potential future customers. |
Other factors that may affect our quarterly results are set forth elsewhere in this section. As a result of these factors, our revenues are not predictable with any significant degree of certainty.
20
Due to the uncertainty surrounding our revenues and expenses, we believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our historical operating results should not be relied upon as an indicator of our future performance.
Our Stock Price May Fluctuate Substantially Due to Factors Outside Our Control
The market price for our common stock may be affected by a number of factors outside our control, including the following:
| • | | the announcement of new products, services or enhancements by our competitors; |
| • | | quarterly variations in our competitors’ results of operations; |
| • | | changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by securities analysts; |
| • | | developments in our industry; and |
| • | | general market conditions and other factors, including factors unrelated to our operating performance or the operating performance of our competitors. |
These factors and fluctuations, as well as general economic, political and market conditions may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
The Intense Competition in Our Industry Could Reduce or Eliminate the Demand for Our Products and Services
The market for our products and services is intensely competitive and subject to rapid technological change. We expect competition to intensify in the future. We face competition from merchant acquirers, independent sales organizations, and payment processors such as Chase Paymentech Solutions, First Data Corporation, iPayment Inc., and Royal Bank of Scotland. We also face competition from transaction service providers such as Authorize.Net, PayPal, and Retail Decisions as well as e-commerce providers such as Bertelsmann Financial Services, Digital River, and GSI Commerce Inc. Further, other companies, including financial services and credit companies may enter the market and provide competing services.
Many of our competitors have longer operating histories, substantially greater financial, technical, marketing or other resources, or greater name recognition than we do. Our competitors may be able to respond more quickly than we can to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements. Competition could seriously impede our ability to sell additional products and services on terms favorable to us. Our current and potential competitors may develop and market new technologies that render our existing or future products and services obsolete, unmarketable or less competitive. Our current and potential competitors may make strategic acquisitions or establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with other solution providers, thereby increasing their ability to address the needs of our existing or prospective customers. Our current and potential competitors may establish or strengthen cooperative relationships with our current or future channel partners, thereby limiting our ability to sell products and services through these channels. We expect that competitive pressures may result in the reduction of our prices or our market share or both, which could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
We May Pursue Strategic Acquisitions and Our Business Could be Materially and Adversely Affected if We Fail to Adequately Integrate Acquired Businesses
As part of our future business strategy, we may pursue strategic acquisitions of complementary businesses or technologies that would provide additional product or service offerings, additional industry expertise, a broader client base or an expanded geographic presence. For example, during the first quarter of 2006, we acquired BidPay.com with the view of participating in the payment market for online auctions, an area in which we do not have any experience. If we do not successfully integrate a strategic acquisition, or if the benefits of the transaction do not meet the expectations of financial or industry analysts, the market price of our common stock may decline. Any future acquisition could result in the use of significant amounts of cash, dilutive issuances of equity securities, or the incurrence of debt or amortization expenses related to goodwill and other intangible assets, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, acquisitions involve numerous risks, including:
| • | | difficulties in assimilating the operations, technologies, products and personnel of an acquired company; |
| • | | risks of entering markets in which we have either no or limited prior experiences, such as the payment market for online auctions; |
| • | | the diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns; and |
| • | | the potential loss of key employees of an acquired company. |
21
Potential System Failures and Lack of Capacity Issues Could Negatively Affect Demand for Our Services
Our ability to deliver services to our merchants depends on the uninterrupted operation of our commerce transaction processing systems. Our systems and operations are vulnerable to damage or interruption from:
| • | | “denial of service” attacks; |
| • | | war, earthquake, fire, flood and other manmade or natural disasters; and |
| • | | power loss, telecommunications or data network failure, operator negligence, improper operation by employees, physical and electronic break-ins and similar events. |
Despite the fact that we have implemented redundant servers in third-party hosting centers located in San Jose, California, and Denver, Colorado, we may still experience service interruptions for the reasons listed above and a variety of other reasons. If our redundant servers are not available, we may not have sufficient business interruption insurance to compensate us for resulting losses. We have experienced periodic interruptions, affecting all or a portion of our systems, which we believe will continue to occur from time to time. For example, on November 12, 1999, our services were unavailable for approximately ten hours due to an internal system problem. We have also subsequently experienced service interruptions and performance issues. Any interruption in our systems that impairs our ability to efficiently and timely provide services could damage our reputation and reduce demand for our services.
Our success also depends on our ability to grow, or scale, our commerce transaction systems to accommodate increases in the volume of traffic on our systems, especially during peak periods of demand. We may not be able to anticipate increases in the use of our systems or successfully expand the capacity of our network infrastructure. Our inability to expand our systems to handle increased traffic could result in system disruptions, slower response times and other difficulties in providing services to our merchant customers, which could materially harm our business.
A Breach of Our eCommerce Security Measures Could Reduce Demand for Our Services
A requirement of the continued growth of e-Commerce is the secure transmission of confidential information over public networks. We rely on public key cryptography, an encryption method that utilizes two keys, a public and a private key, for encoding and decoding data, and digital certificate technology, or identity verification, to provide the security and authentication necessary for secure transmission of confidential information. Regulatory and export restrictions may prohibit us from using the most secure cryptographic protection available and thereby expose us to an increased risk of data interception. A party who is able to circumvent security measures could misappropriate proprietary information or interrupt our operations. Any compromise or elimination of security could reduce demand for our services.
We may be required to expend significant capital and other resources to protect against security breaches and to address any problems they may cause. Concerns over the security of the Internet and other online transactions and the privacy of users may also inhibit the growth of the Internet and other online services generally, and the Web in particular, especially as a means of conducting commercial transactions. Because our activities involve the storage and transmission of proprietary information, such as credit card numbers, security breaches could damage our reputation and expose us to a risk of loss or litigation and possible liability. Our security measures may not prevent security breaches, and failure to prevent security breaches may disrupt our operations.
BidPay.com May Incur Losses Resulting From User Fraud or Disputes Between Users of Our Service and There Can Be No Assurance That We Will Be Successful in This Business
BidPay.com has incurred losses, and is subject to future significant risk of losses resulting from fraud and disputes between users of our service including:
| • | | the initiation of a chargeback for both legitimate reasons and in cases of consumer fraud; |
| • | | non-delivery of goods or services due to merchant fraud or disputes regarding the quality of goods or services provided; |
| • | | identify theft or the unauthorized use of a credit card resulting from consumer or merchant fraud; and |
| • | | potential breaches of system security. |
22
Failure to identify fraudulent transactions or resolve disputes between users would increase BidPay.com’s losses. We have established systems and procedures designed to detect and reduce the impact of consumer and merchant fraud, but we cannot assure that these measures are or will be effective. During the first quarter of 2007, BidPay.com revenue was approximately $150,000 and generated losses. If BidPay.com’s revenue increases, our potential liability for such chargebacks also would increase.
There can be no assurance that we will be successful in this business. As of March 31, 2007, we had recorded intangible assets related to our acquisition of BidPay.com in March 2006, with a carrying value of approximately $2.8 million. If we are not successful, we will incur substantial charges as a result of exiting this business.
We Could Incur Chargeback or Merchant Fraud Losses
We have potential liability for certain transactions processed through our global acquiring services if the payments associated with such transactions are rejected, refused, or returned for reasons such as consumer fraud or billing disputes. For instance, if a billing dispute between a merchant and payer is not ultimately resolved in favor of the merchant, the disputed transaction may be charged back to the merchant’s bank and credited to the payer’s account. If the charged back amount cannot be recovered from the merchant’s account, or if the merchant refuses or is financially unable to reimburse its bank for the charged back amount, we may bear the loss for the amount of the refund paid to the payer’s bank. We could also incur fraud losses as a result of merchant fraud. Merchant fraud occurs when a merchant, rather than a customer, intentionally uses a stolen or counterfeit card, card number, or other bank account number to process a false sales transaction, or knowingly fails to deliver merchandise or services in an otherwise valid transaction. We may be responsible for any losses for certain transactions if we are unable to collect from the merchant.
We have established systems and procedures designed to detect and reduce the impact of consumer fraud and merchant fraud, but we cannot assure you that these measures are or will be effective. To date, we have not incurred any significant losses relating to charged back transactions. During the first quarter of 2007, our global acquiring revenue represented approximately 42.7% of our transaction and support revenue. Our global acquiring revenue may also include fees generated for gateway services as it is becoming more common to charge the customer a bundled price for transaction services provided. To the extent our global acquiring revenue grows, our potential liability for such chargebacks or merchant fraud increases.
If We Are Not Able to Fully Utilize Relationships With Our Sales Alliances, We May Experience Lower Revenue Growth and Higher Operating Costs
Our future growth will depend in part on the success of our relationships with existing and future sales alliances that market our products and services to their merchant accounts. If these relationships are not successful or do not develop as quickly as we anticipate, our revenue growth may be adversely affected. Accordingly, we may have to increase our sales and marketing expenses in an attempt to secure additional merchant accounts.
Our Market is Subject to Rapid Technological Change and to Compete We Must Continually Enhance Our Systems to Comply with Evolving Standards
To remain competitive, we must continue to enhance and improve the responsiveness, functionality and features of our products and services and the underlying network infrastructure. The Internet and the e-Commerce industries are characterized by rapid technological change, changes in user requirements and preferences, frequent new product and service introductions embodying new technologies, and the emergence of new industry standards and practices that could render our technology and systems obsolete. Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to both internally develop and license leading technologies to enhance our existing products and services and develop new products and services. We must continue to address the increasingly sophisticated and varied needs of our merchants, and respond to technological advances and emerging industry standards and practices on a cost-effective and timely basis. The development of proprietary technology involves significant technical and business risks. We may fail to develop new technologies effectively or to adapt our proprietary technology and systems to merchant requirements or emerging industry standards. If we are unable to adapt to changing market conditions, merchant requirements or emerging industry standards, our business would be materially harmed.
The Demand for Our Products and Services Could Be Negatively Affected by a Reduced Growth of e-Commerce or Delays in the Development of the Internet Infrastructure
Sales of goods and services over the Internet do not currently represent a significant portion of overall sales of goods and services. We depend on the growing use and acceptance of the Internet as an effective medium of commerce by merchants and customers in the United States and internationally. The sale of goods and services over the Internet has gained acceptance more slowly outside of the United States. We cannot be certain that acceptance and use of the Internet will continue to develop or that a sufficiently broad base of merchants and consumers will adopt, and continue to use, the Internet as a medium of commerce.
23
The increase in the significance of the Internet as a commercial marketplace may occur more slowly than anticipated for a number of reasons, including potentially inadequate development of the necessary network infrastructure or delayed development of enabling technologies and performance improvements. If the number of Internet users, or the use of Internet resources by existing users, continues to grow, it may overwhelm the existing Internet infrastructure. Delays in the development or adoption of new standards and protocols required to handle increased levels of Internet activity could also have a detrimental effect. These factors could result in slower response times or adversely affect usage of the Internet, resulting in lower numbers of commerce transactions and lower demand for our products and services.
Our International Business Exposes Us to Additional Foreign Risks
Products and services provided to merchants outside the United States accounted for 9.5% and 11.2% of our revenues in the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. In March 2000, we entered into a joint venture agreement with Japanese partners Marubeni Corporation and Trans-Cosmos, Inc. and established CyberSource K.K. to provide commerce transaction services to the Japanese market. Conducting business outside of the United States is subject to additional risks that may affect our ability to sell our products and services and result in reduced revenues, including:
| • | | changes in regulatory requirements; |
| • | | reduced protection of intellectual property rights; |
| • | | evolving privacy laws in Europe; |
| • | | the burden of complying with a variety of foreign laws; and |
| • | | war, political or economic instability or constraints on international trade. |
In addition, some software contains encryption technology that renders it subject to export restrictions and we may become liable to the extent we violate these restrictions. We might not successfully market, sell and distribute our products and services in local markets and we cannot be certain that one or more of these factors will not materially adversely affect our future international operations, and consequently, our business, financial condition and operating results.
Also, sales of our products and services conducted through our subsidiary in the United Kingdom are primarily denominated in Pounds Sterling. We may experience fluctuations in revenues or operating expenses due to fluctuations in the value of the Pound Sterling relative to the U.S. Dollar. We do not currently enter into transactions with the specific purpose to hedge against currency exchange fluctuations.
Changes in Accounting Standards Regarding Stock Option Plans Will Reduce Our Profitability and Could Limit the Desirability of Granting Stock Options, Which Could Harm Our Ability to Attract and Retain Employees
We have included employee stock-based compensation costs in our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, as discussed in Note 1 in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The full impact is dependent upon, among other things, the outcome of the Company’s current assessment of different long-term incentive strategies involving stock awards in order to continue to attract and retain employees, the total number of stock awards granted and the tax benefit that the Company may or may not receive from stock-based expenses. In addition, new regulations implemented by The NASDAQ Stock Market requiring shareholder approval for all stock option plans could make it more difficult for us to grant options to employees in the future. To the extent that new regulations make it more difficult or expensive to grant stock options to employees, we may incur increased compensation costs, change our equity compensation strategy or find it difficult to attract, retain and motivate employees, each of which could materially and adversely affect our business.
If We Lose Key Personnel, We May Not be Able to Successfully Manage Our Business and Achieve Our Objectives
We believe our future success will depend upon our ability to retain our key management personnel, including William S. McKiernan, our Chief Executive Officer, and other key members of management because of their experience and knowledge regarding the development, special opportunities and challenges of our business. None of our current key employees are subject to an employment contract which enables us to retain them for a specific period of time. We may not be successful in attracting and retaining key employees in the future.
24
We May Not Be Able to Adequately Protect Our Proprietary Technology and May Be Infringing Upon Third-Party Intellectual Property Rights
Our success depends upon our proprietary technology. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret rights, confidentiality procedures and licensing arrangements to establish and protect our proprietary rights.
As part of our confidentiality procedures, we enter into non-disclosure agreements with our employees, contractors, vendors and potential customers and alliances. Despite these precautions, third parties could copy or otherwise obtain and use our technology without authorization, or develop similar technology independently. Effective protection of intellectual property rights may be unavailable or limited in foreign countries. We cannot assure you that the protection of our proprietary rights will be adequate or that our competitors will not independently develop similar technology, duplicate our products and services or design around any patents or other intellectual property rights we hold.
We also cannot assure you that third parties will not claim that the technology employed in providing our current or future products and services infringe upon their rights. We have not conducted any search to determine whether any of our products and services or technologies may be infringing upon patent rights of third parties. As the number of products and services in our market increases and functionalities increasingly overlap, companies such as ours may become increasingly subject to infringement claims. In addition, these claims also might require us to enter into royalty or license agreements. Any infringement claims, with or without merit, could absorb significant management time and lead to costly litigation. If required to do so, we may not be able to obtain royalty or license agreements, or obtain them on terms acceptable to us.
We May Become Subject to Government Regulation and Legal Uncertainties That Would Adversely Affect Our Financial Results
We are not currently subject to direct regulation by any domestic or foreign governmental agency, other than regulations applicable to businesses generally, export control laws and laws or regulations directly applicable to e-Commerce. However, due to the increasing usage of the Internet, it is possible that a number of laws and regulations may be applicable or may be adopted in the future with respect to conducting business over the Internet covering issues such as:
| • | | right to access personal data; |
| • | | characteristics and quality of products and services. |
For example, we believe that our fraud screen service may require us to comply with the Fair Credit Reporting Act (the “Act”). As a precaution, we have implemented processes that we believe will enable us to comply with the Act if we were deemed a consumer reporting agency. Complying with the Act requires us to provide information about personal data stored by us. Failure to comply with the Act could result in claims being made against us by individual consumers and the Federal Trade Commission.
Furthermore, the growth and development of the market for e-Commerce may prompt more stringent consumer protection laws that may impose additional burdens on those companies conducting business online. The adoption of additional laws or regulations may decrease the growth of the Internet or other online services, which could, in turn, decrease the demand for our products and services and increase our cost of doing business.
The applicability of existing laws governing issues such as property ownership, copyrights, encryption and other intellectual property issues, taxation, libel, export or import matters and personal privacy to the Internet is uncertain. The vast majority of laws were adopted prior to the broad commercial use of the Internet and related technologies. As a result, they do not contemplate or address the unique issues of the Internet and related technologies. Changes to these laws intended to address these issues, including some recently proposed changes in the United States regarding taxation and encryption and in the European Union regarding contract formation and privacy, could create uncertainty in the Internet marketplace and impose additional costs and other burdens. These uncertainties, costs and burdens could reduce demand for our products and services or increase the cost of doing business due to increased litigation costs or increased service delivery costs.
25
The Anti-Takeover Provisions in Our Certificate of Incorporation Could Adversely Affect the Rights of the Holders of Our Common Stock
Anti-takeover provisions of Delaware law and our Certificate of Incorporation may make a change in control more difficult to finalize, even if a change in control would be beneficial to the stockholders. These provisions may allow our Board of Directors to prevent changes in our management and controlling interests. Under Delaware law, our Board of Directors may adopt additional anti-takeover measures in the future.
One anti-takeover provision that we have is the ability of our Board of Directors to determine the terms of preferred stock and issue preferred stock without the approval of the holders of the common stock. Our Certificate of Incorporation allows the issuance of up to 5,610,969 shares of preferred stock. As of March 31, 2007, there are no shares of preferred stock outstanding. However, because the rights and preferences of any series of preferred stock may be set by our Board of Directors in its sole discretion without approval of the holders of the common stock, the rights and preferences of this preferred stock may be superior to those of the common stock. Accordingly, the rights of the holders of common stock may be adversely affected.
Our Fraud Detection Services and Marketing Agreement With Visa U.S.A. Can Be Terminated
In July 2001, we entered into an agreement with Visa U.S.A. to jointly develop and promote the CyberSource Advanced Fraud Screen Service Enhanced by Visa for use in the United States. Under the terms of the agreement, Visa agreed to promote and market the new product to its member financial institutions and Internet merchants. The agreement expires in July 2007, but can be terminated by either party with ninety days prior written notice. Thereafter, the agreement renews automatically for additional periods of one year, unless terminated by either party.
Failure to Maintain Effective Internal Controls in Accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Could Have a Material Adverse Effect on Our Business and Stock Price
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires annual management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and a report by our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm addressing these assessments. The threshold for what constitutes a significant deficiency in internal control under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act has been set quite low and, during the course of our annual testing, we may find one or more material weaknesses or significant deficiencies. Furthermore, there is no guarantee that we will be able to remedy any deficiencies we may find in a cost effective manner and in time to meet the deadline imposed by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act for compliance with the requirements of Section 404. In addition, if we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, as such standards are modified, supplemented or amended from time to time, we may not be able to ensure that we can conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal controls over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Failure to maintain an effective internal control environment could have a material adverse effect on our business and our stock price.
ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS |
None
ITEM 3. | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES |
None
ITEM 4. | SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITIES HOLDERS |
None
In accordance with Section 10A(i)(2) of the Exchange Act and Section 202 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we are responsible for disclosing the non-audit services approved in the first quarter of fiscal year 2007 by the Audit Committee (“Audit Committee”) of the Board of Directors to be performed by Ernst & Young, our independent auditors. Non-audit services are defined in the law as services other than those provided in connection with an audit or a review of our financial statements. The non-audit services approved by the Audit Committee in the first quarter are each considered by us to be audit-related services which are closely related to the financial audit process. Each of the services has been pre-approved by the Audit Committee and its chairman has been given the authority to pre-approve additional services pursuant to limited authority delegated by the Audit Committee.
26
(a) Exhibits
| | |
Exhibit Number | | Description |
3.1* | | Certificate of Incorporation of CyberSource Corporation, as amended. |
| |
3.2* | | CyberSource Corporation's Bylaws, as amended. |
| |
31.1 | | Certification of William S. McKiernan, Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant dated May 8, 2007, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| |
31.2 | | Certification of Steven D. Pellizzer, Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant dated May 8, 2007, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| |
32.1 | | Certification of William S. McKiernan, Chief Executive Officer of the Registrant dated May 8, 2007, in accordance with 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| |
32.2 | | Certification of Steven D. Pellizzer, Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant dated May 8, 2007, in accordance with 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
* | Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit previously filed with the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-77545). |
27
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| | | | | | |
| | | | CYBERSOURCE CORPORATION |
| | | | (Registrant) |
| | | |
Date: May 8, 2007 | | | | By | | /s/ Steven D. Pellizzer |
| | | | | | Steven D. Pellizzer |
| | | | | | Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer |
| | | | | | (Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer) |
28