Finance Receivables | 4. Finance Receivables Finance Receivables Portfolio Finance receivables consist of Contracts and Direct Loans and are detailed as follows: (In thousands) September 30, 2020 March 31, 2020 September 30, 2019 Finance receivables $ 198,168 $ 219,366 $ 222,320 Accrued interest receivable 2,817 3,164 3,046 Unearned dealer discounts (7,411 ) (8,056 ) (8,995 ) Unearned insurance and fee commissions (2,460 ) (2,616 ) (2,741 ) Purchase price discount (610 ) (915 ) (676 ) Finance receivables, net of unearned 190,504 210,943 212,954 Allowance for credit losses (11,469 ) (11,162 ) (13,502 ) Finance receivables, net $ 179,035 $ 199,781 $ 199,452 Contracts and Direct Loans each comprise a portfolio segment. The following tables present selected information on the entire portfolio of the Company: As of September 30, Contract Portfolio 2020 2019 Average APR 22.7 % 22.7 % Average discount 7.6 % 7.7 % Average term (months) 51 52 Number of active contracts 24,656 27,294 As of September 30, Direct Loan Portfolio 2020 2019 Average APR 27.7 % 26.5 % Average term (months) 27 27 Number of active contracts 3,673 2,921 The Company purchases Contracts from automobile dealers at a negotiated price that is less than the original principal amount being financed by the purchaser of the automobile. The Contracts are predominantly for used vehicles. As of September 30, 2020, the average model year of vehicles collateralizing the portfolio was a 2011 vehicle. Direct Loans are typically for amounts ranging from $500 to $11,000 and are generally secured by a lien on an automobile, watercraft or other permissible tangible personal property. The majority of Direct Loans are originated with current or former customers under the Company’s automobile financing program. The typical Direct Loan represents a better credit risk than the typical Contract due to the customer’s prior payment history with the Company; however, the underlying collateral is “typically” less valuable. In deciding whether to make a loan, the Company considers the individual’s credit history, job stability, income, and impressions created during a personal interview with a Company loan officer. Additionally, because most of the Direct Loans made by the Company to date have been made to current or former customers, the payment history of the borrower is a significant factor in making the loan decision. As of September 30, 2020, loans made by the Company pursuant to its Direct Loan program constituted approximately 6.4% of the aggregate principal amount of the Company’s loan portfolio. Changes in the allowance for credit losses for both Contracts and Direct Loans were driven primarily by consideration the composition of the portfolio, current economic conditions, the estimated net realizable value of the underlying collateral, historical loan loss experience, delinquency, non-performing assets, and bankrupt accounts when determining management’s estimate of probable credit losses and adequacy of the allowance for credit losses. If the allowance for credit losses is determined to be inadequate, then an additional charge to the provision would be recorded to maintain adequate reserves based on management’s evaluation of the risk inherent in the loan portfolio. Additionally, credit loss trends over several reporting periods are utilized in estimating future losses and overall portfolio performance. Conversely, the Company could identify abnormalities in the composition of the portfolio, which would indicate the calculation is overstated and management judgement may be required to determine the allowance of credit losses for both Contracts and Direct Loans. Each portfolio segment consists of smaller balance homogeneous loans which are collectively evaluated for impairment. Allowance for Credit Losses The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the changes in the allowance for credit losses on Contracts and Direct Loans for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019: Three months ended September 30, 2020 Six months ended September 30, 2020 Contracts Direct Loans Consolidated Contracts Direct Loans Consolidated Balance at beginning of period $ 10,651 $ 597 $ 11,248 $ 10,433 $ 729 $ 11,162 Provision for credit losses 3,050 0 3,050 6,350 0 6,350 Charge-offs (4,073 ) (142 ) (4,215 ) (8,407 ) (298 ) (8,705 ) Recoveries 1,349 37 1,386 2,601 61 2,662 Balance at September 30, 2020 $ 10,977 $ 492 $ 11,469 $ 10,977 $ 492 $ 11,469 Three months ended September 30, 2019 Six months ended September 30, 2019 Contracts Direct Loans Consolidated Contracts Direct Loans Consolidated Balance at beginning of period $ 15,494 $ 618 $ 16,112 $ 16,575 $ 357 $ 16,932 Provision for credit losses 3,600 400 4,000 7,580 805 8,385 Charge-offs (8,140 ) (182 ) (8,322 ) (14,675 ) (339 ) (15,014 ) Recoveries 1,698 14 1,712 3,172 27 3,199 Balance at September 30, 2019 $ 12,652 $ 850 $ 13,502 $ 12,652 $ 850 $ 13,502 The Company uses the trailing six-month charge-offs, annualized, to calculate the allowance for credit losses. The Company’s allowance for credit losses also incorporates recent trends such as delinquency, non-performing assets, and bankruptcy. The Company believes that this approach reflects the current trends of incurred losses within the portfolio and aligns the allowance for credit losses with the portfolio’s performance indicators. The following table is an assessment of the credit quality by creditworthiness: (In thousands) September 30, 2020 September 30, 2019 Contracts Direct Loans Total Contracts Direct Loans Total Performing accounts $ 179,723 $ 12,509 $ 192,232 $ 205,458 $ 9,309 $ 214,767 Non-performing accounts 5,564 211 5,775 6,938 171 7,109 Total 185,287 12,720 198,007 212,396 9,480 221,876 Chapter 13 bankruptcy accounts 161 0 161 436 8 444 Finance receivables $ 185,448 $ 12,720 $ 198,168 $ 212,832 $ 9,488 $ 222,320 A performing account is defined as an account that is less than 61 days past due. The Company defines an automobile contract as delinquent when more than 25% of a payment contractually due by a certain date has not been paid by the immediately following due date, which date may have been extended within limits specified in the servicing agreements or as a result of a deferral. The period of delinquency is based on the number of days payments are contractually past due, as extended where applicable. In certain circumstances, the Company will grant obligors one-month payment extensions. The only modification of terms in those circumstances is to advance the obligor’s next due date by one month and extend the maturity date of the receivable. There are no other concessions, such as a reduction in interest rate, or forgiveness of principal or of accrued interest. Accordingly, the Company considers such extensions to be insignificant delays in payments rather than troubled debt restructurings. A non-performing account is defined as an account that is contractually delinquent for 61 days or more or is a Chapter 13 bankruptcy account for which the accrual interest income has been suspended. The Company’s charge-off policy is to charge off an account in the month the contract becomes 121 days contractually delinquent. In the event an account is dismissed from bankruptcy, the Company will decide, based on several factors, to begin repossession proceedings or to allow the customer to resume making regularly scheduled payments. The Company does consider Chapter 13 bankruptcy accounts, for which the corresponding bankruptcy plan has not been confirmed as of the period end, to be troubled debt restructurings and included in the Company’s allowance for credit losses is a specific reserve of approximately $86,000 and $232,000 for these accounts as of September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively. The following tables present certain information regarding the delinquency rates experienced by the Company with respect to Contracts and Direct Loans, excluding Chapter 13 bankruptcy accounts: Contracts (In thousands, except percentages) Balance Outstanding 30 – 59 days 60 – 89 days 90 – 119 days 120+ Total September 30, 2020 $ 185,287 $ 10,232 $ 3,962 $ 1,560 $ 42 $ 15,796 5.52 % 2.14 % 0.84 % 0.02 % 8.53 % March 31, 2020 207,247 14,977 4,290 1,893 19 21,179 7.23 % 2.07 % 0.91 % 0.01 % 10.22 % September 30, 2019 $ 212,396 $ 13,981 $ 4,950 $ 1,946 $ 42 $ 20,919 6.58 % 2.33 % 0.92 % 0.02 % 9.85 % Direct Loans Balance Outstanding 30 – 59 days 60 – 89 days 90 – 119 days 120+ Total September 30, 2020 $ 12,720 $ 349 $ 159 $ 52 $ — $ 560 2.74 % 1.25 % 0.41 % — 4.40 % March 31, 2020 11,844 344 136 59 — 539 2.90 % 1.15 % 0.50 % — 4.55 % September 30, 2019 $ 9,480 $ 219 $ 115 $ 56 $ — $ 390 2.31 % 1.21 % 0.59 % — 4.11 % |