Fair value of financial instruments | Note 3 Fair value of financial instruments Carrying value and fair value of financial instruments The following tables provide a comparison of the carrying values and fair values for financial instruments classified or designated as fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL) and fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). Embedded derivatives are presented on a combined basis with the host contracts. Refer to Note 2 and Note 3 of our audited 2022 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of the valuation techniques and inputs used in the fair value measurement of our financial instruments. There have been no significant changes to our determination of fair value during the quarter. As at January 31, 2023 Carrying value and fair value Carrying value Fair value (Millions of Canadian dollars) Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Total carrying Total fair value Financial assets Interest-bearing deposits with banks $ – $ 87,859 $ – $ – $ 5,636 $ 5,636 $ 93,495 $ 93,495 Securities Trading 135,417 10,100 – – – – 145,517 145,517 Investment, net of applicable allowance – – 97,003 977 77,056 71,919 175,036 169,899 135,417 10,100 97,003 977 77,056 71,919 320,553 315,416 Assets purchased under reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowed 279,899 – – – 48,480 48,480 328,379 328,379 Loans, net of applicable allowance Retail 84 383 229 – 546,746 525,173 547,442 525,869 Wholesale 9,465 3,409 559 – 262,919 257,300 276,352 270,733 9,549 3,792 788 – 809,665 782,473 823,794 796,602 Other Derivatives 130,120 – – – – – 130,120 130,120 Other assets (1) 3,614 4 – – 71,513 71,513 75,131 75,131 Financial liabilities Deposits Personal $ 362 $ 22,899 $ 395,026 $ 392,736 $ 418,287 $ 415,997 Business and government (2) 143 146,499 592,281 591,798 738,923 738,440 Bank (3) – 10,633 35,999 35,938 46,632 46,571 505 180,031 1,023,306 1,020,472 1,203,842 1,201,008 Other Obligations related to securities sold short 35,247 – – – 35,247 35,247 Obligations related to assets sold under – 263,269 27,098 27,098 290,367 290,367 Derivatives 131,082 – – – 131,082 131,082 Other liabilities (4) (430 ) 43 91,115 91,837 90,728 91,450 Subordinated debentures – – 11,530 11,391 11,530 11,391 As at October 31, 2022 Carrying value and fair value Carrying value Fair value (Millions of Canadian dollars) Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Financial Total carrying Total fair value Financial assets Interest-bearing deposits with banks $ – $ 84,468 $ – $ – $ 23,543 $ 23,543 $ 108,011 $ 108,011 Securities Trading 138,507 9,698 – – – – 148,205 148,205 Investment, net of applicable allowance – – 92,063 828 77,127 70,073 170,018 162,964 138,507 9,698 92,063 828 77,127 70,073 318,223 311,169 Assets purchased under reverse repurchase agreements and securities borrowed 264,665 – – – 53,180 53,180 317,845 317,845 Loans, net of applicable allowance Retail 73 375 218 – 546,767 521,428 547,433 522,094 Wholesale 6,914 3,222 563 – 261,833 253,816 272,532 264,515 6,987 3,597 781 – 808,600 775,244 819,965 786,609 Other Derivatives 154,439 – – – – – 154,439 154,439 Other assets (1) 3,377 – – – 73,084 73,084 76,461 76,461 Financial liabilities Deposits Personal $ 298 $ 21,959 $ 382,675 $ 380,396 $ 404,932 $ 402,653 Business and government (2) 447 152,119 607,304 605,102 759,870 757,668 Bank (3) – 7,196 36,816 36,758 44,012 43,954 745 181,274 1,026,795 1,022,256 1,208,814 1,204,275 Other Obligations related to securities sold short 35,511 – – – 35,511 35,511 Obligations related to assets sold under repurchase agreements and securities loaned – 248,835 25,112 25,112 273,947 273,947 Derivatives 153,491 – – – 153,491 153,491 Other liabilities (4) (360 ) 69 90,348 90,160 90,057 89,869 Subordinated debentures – – 10,025 9,668 10,025 9,668 (1) Includes Customers’ liability under acceptances and financial instruments recognized in Other assets. (2) Business and government deposits include deposits from regulated deposit-taking institutions other than banks. (3) Bank deposits refer to deposits from regulated banks and central banks. (4) Includes Acceptances and financial instruments recognized in Other liabilities. Fair value of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and classified using the fair value hierarchy As at January 31, 2023 October 31, 2022 Fair value measurements using Netting adjustments Fair value measurements using Netting adjustments (Millions of Canadian dollars) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Fair value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Fair value Financial assets Interest-bearing deposits with banks $ – $ 87,859 $ – $ $ 87,859 $ – $ 84,468 $ – $ $ 84,468 Securities Trading Debt issued or guaranteed by: Canadian government (1) Federal 15,027 2,953 – 17,980 15,024 3,779 – 18,803 Provincial and municipal – 13,752 – 13,752 – 13,257 – 13,257 U.S. federal, state, municipal and agencies (1), (2) 694 30,097 – 30,791 1,254 35,570 4 36,828 Other OECD government ( 3 1,629 1,673 – 3,302 1,325 3,452 – 4,777 Mortgage-backed securities (1) – 2 – 2 – 2 – 2 Asset-backed securities Non-CDO (4) – 1,222 – 1,222 – 1,308 2 1,310 Corporate debt and other debt – 22,658 – 22,658 – 21,162 7 21,169 Equities 49,836 3,868 2,106 55,810 46,592 3,593 1,874 52,059 67,186 76,225 2,106 145,517 64,195 82,123 1,887 148,205 Investment Debt issued or guaranteed by: Canadian government (1) Federal 1,068 3,516 – 4,584 1,226 2,555 – 3,781 Provincial and municipal – 2,406 – 2,406 – 2,124 – 2,124 U.S. federal, state, municipal and agencies (1) – 45,764 – 45,764 440 43,918 – 44,358 Other OECD government – 7,641 – 7,641 – 5,144 – 5,144 Mortgage-backed securities (1) – 2,715 28 2,743 – 2,860 28 2,888 Asset-backed securities CDO – 7,443 – 7,443 – 7,524 – 7,524 Non-CDO – 473 – 473 – 524 – 524 Corporate debt and other debt – 25,800 149 25,949 – 25,569 151 25,720 Equities 36 521 420 977 36 395 397 828 1,104 96,279 597 97,980 1,702 90,613 576 92,891 Assets purchased under reverse repurchase agreements and – 279,899 – 279,899 – 264,665 – 264,665 Loans – 11,532 2,597 14,129 – 9,673 1,692 11,365 Other Derivatives Interest rate contracts – 35,145 246 35,391 – 39,804 263 40,067 Foreign exchange contracts – 82,123 9 82,132 – 99,424 13 99,437 Credit derivatives – 355 – 355 – 388 – 388 Other contracts 2,220 12,862 75 15,157 3,939 14,786 62 18,787 Valuation adjustments – (1,463 ) 6 (1,457 ) – (2,100 ) 45 (2,055 ) Total gross derivatives 2,220 129,022 336 131,578 3,939 152,302 383 156,624 Netting adjustments (1,458 ) (1,458 ) (2,185 ) (2,185 ) Total derivatives 130,120 154,439 Other assets 1,411 2,194 13 3,618 1,221 2,141 15 3,377 $ 71,921 $ 683,010 $ 5,649 $ (1,458 ) $ 759,122 $ 71,057 $ 685,985 $ 4,553 $ (2,185 ) $ 759,410 Financial liabilities Deposits Personal $ – $ 23,011 $ 250 $ $ 23,261 $ – $ 22,016 $ 241 $ $ 22,257 Business and government – 146,642 – 146,642 – 152,566 – 152,566 Bank – 10,633 – 10,633 – 7,196 – 7,196 Other Obligations related to securities sold short 13,127 22,120 – 35,247 16,383 19,128 – 35,511 Obligations related to assets sold under repurchase agreements and – 263,269 – 263,269 – 248,835 – 248,835 Derivatives Interest rate contracts – 33,532 900 34,432 – 39,592 1,122 40,714 Foreign exchange contracts – 77,755 72 77,827 – 94,310 145 94,455 Credit derivatives – 76 – 76 – 125 – 125 Other contracts 2,529 17,543 622 20,694 3,847 16,663 847 21,357 Valuation adjustments – (478 ) (11 ) (489 ) – (967 ) (8 ) (975 ) Total gross derivatives 2,529 128,428 1,583 132,540 3,847 149,723 2,106 155,676 Netting adjustments (1,458 ) (1,458 ) (2,185 ) (2,185 ) Total derivatives 131,082 153,491 Other liabilities 405 (792 ) – (387 ) 341 (632 ) – (291 ) $ 16,061 $ 593,311 $ 1,833 $ (1,458 ) $ 609,747 $ 20,571 $ 598,832 $ 2,347 $ (2,185 ) $ 619,565 (1) As at January 31, 2023, residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities (MBS) included in all fair value levels of trading securities were $11,661 million and $nil (October 31, 2022 – $12,273 million and $nil), respectively, and in all fair value levels of Investment securities were $20,631 million and $2,832 million (October 31, 2022 – $23,362 million and $2,755 million), respectively. (2) United States (U.S.). (3) Organisation for Economic Co-operation (4) Collateralized debt obligations (CDO). Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 Instruments) A financial instrument is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy if one or more of its unobservable inputs may significantly affect the measurement of its fair value. In preparing the financial statements, appropriate levels for these unobservable input parameters are chosen so that they are consistent with prevailing market evidence or management judgment. Due to the unobservable nature of the prices or rates, there may be uncertainty about the valuation of these Level 3 financial instruments. During the three months ended January 31, 2023, there were no significant changes made to the valuation techniques and ranges and weighted averages of unobservable inputs used in the determination of fair value of Level 3 financial instruments. As at January 31, 2023, the impacts of adjusting one or more of the unobservable inputs by reasonably possible alternative assumptions did not change significantly from the impacts disclosed in our audited 2022 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements. Changes in fair value measurement for instruments measured on a recurring basis and categorized in Level 3 For the three months ended January 31, 2023 (Millions of Canadian dollars) Fair value Gains (losses) Gains (losses) Purchases Settlement Transfers Transfers Fair value Gains Assets Securities Trading Debt issued or guaranteed by: U.S. state, municipal and agencies $ 4 $ – $ – $ – $ (4 ) $ – $ – $ – $ – Asset-backed securities Non-CDO 2 – – – (2 ) – – – – Corporate debt and other debt 7 – – – – – (7 ) – – Equities 1,874 (14 ) (25 ) 250 (20 ) 41 – 2,106 (32 ) 1,887 (14 ) (25 ) 250 (26 ) 41 (7 ) 2,106 (32 ) Investment Mortgage-backed securities 28 – – – – – – 28 n.a. Corporate debt and other debt 151 – (1 ) – (1 ) – – 149 n.a. Equities 397 – 24 – (1 ) – – 420 n.a. 576 – 23 – (2 ) – – 597 n.a. Loans 1,692 (52 ) (7 ) 1,193 (120 ) 28 (137 ) 2,597 (15 ) Other Net derivative balances (3) Interest rate contracts (859 ) 5 5 (20 ) 173 18 24 (654 ) 8 Foreign exchange contracts (132 ) 5 8 4 37 – 15 (63 ) 8 Other contracts (785 ) (55 ) 17 (8 ) 62 (31 ) 253 (547 ) (26 ) Valuation adjustments 53 – – – (36 ) – – 17 – Other assets 15 – – – (2 ) – – 13 – $ 2,447 $ (111 ) $ 21 $ 1,419 $ 86 $ 56 $ 148 $ 4,066 $ (57 ) Liabilities Deposits $ (241 ) $ (20 ) $ 1 $ (35 ) $ 2 $ (34 ) $ 77 $ (250 ) $ (14 ) Other Other liabilities – – – – – – – – – $ (241 ) $ (20 ) $ 1 $ (35 ) $ 2 $ (34 ) $ 77 $ (250 ) $ (14 ) For the three months ended January 31, 2022 (Millions of Canadian dollars) Fair value Gains (losses) Gains (losses) Purchases Settlement Transfers Transfers Fair value Gains Assets Securities Trading Debt issued or guaranteed by: U.S. state, municipal and agencies $ 25 $ – $ 1 $ – $ (4 ) $ – $ – $ 22 $ – Asset-backed securities Non-CDO 2 – – – – – – 2 – Corporate debt and other debt 25 (1 ) – – (5 ) – (4 ) 15 (1 ) Equities 1,530 74 23 82 (20 ) – – 1,689 94 1,582 73 24 82 (29 ) – (4 ) 1,728 93 Investment Mortgage-backed securities 20 – – – – – – 20 n.a. Corporate debt and other debt 152 – 3 – – – – 155 n.a. Equities 334 – 45 6 (1 ) – (35 ) 349 n.a. 506 – 48 6 (1 ) – (35 ) 524 n.a. Loans 1,077 10 (8 ) 56 (461 ) 7 (2 ) 679 10 Other Net derivative balances (3) Interest rate contracts (635 ) (11 ) 1 1 82 – 7 (555 ) (8 ) Foreign exchange contracts 47 (30 ) 1 – (4 ) – (7 ) 7 (32 ) Other contracts (393 ) 61 (8 ) (103 ) 42 (76 ) 29 (448 ) 70 Valuation adjustments 20 – – – – 19 – 39 – Other assets – – – – – – – – – $ 2,204 $ 103 $ 58 $ 42 $ (371 ) $ (50 ) $ (12 ) $ 1,974 $ 133 Liabilities Deposits $ (151 ) $ (6 ) $ (1 ) $ (27 ) $ 5 $ (20 ) $ 78 $ (122 ) $ 6 Other Other liabilities (7 ) – – – – – – (7 ) – $ (158 ) $ (6 ) $ (1 ) $ (27 ) $ 5 $ (20 ) $ 78 $ (129 ) $ 6 (1) These amounts include the foreign currency translation gains or losses arising on consolidation of foreign subsidiaries relating to the Level 3 instruments, where applicable. The unrealized gains on Investment securities recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI) were $ (2) Other includes amortization of premiums or discounts recognized in net income. (3) Net derivatives as at January 31, 2023 included derivative assets of $336 million (January 31, 2022 – $441 million) and derivative liabilities of $1,583 million (January 31, 2022 – $1,398 million). n.a. not applicable Transfers between fair value hierarchy levels for instruments carried at fair value on a recurring basis Transfers between Level 1 and Level 2, and transfers into and out of Level 3 are assumed to occur at the end of the period. For an asset or a liability that transfers into Level 3 during the period, the entire change in fair value for the period is excluded from the Gains (losses) included in earnings for positions still held column of the above reconciliation, whereas for transfers out of Level 3 during the period, the entire change in fair value for the period is included in the same column of the above reconciliation. Transfers between Level 1 and 2 are dependent on whether fair value is obtained on the basis of quoted market prices in active markets (Level 1). During the three months ended January 31, 2023, transfers out of Level 1 to Level 2 included Investment U.S. federal, state, municipal and agencies debt of $435 million. During the three months ended January 31, 2022, there were no significant transfers out of Level 1 to Level 2. During the three months ended January 31, 2023 and January 31, 2022, there were no significant transfers out of Level 2 to Level 1. Transfers between Level 2 and Level 3 are primarily due to either a change in the market observability for an input, or a change in an unobservable input’s significance to a financial instrument’s fair value. During the three months ended January 31, 2023 and January 31, 2022, there were no significant transfers out of Level 2 to Level 3. During the three months ended January 31, 2023, significant transfers out of Level 3 to Level 2 included Other contracts and Loans due to changes in the market observability of inputs and changes in the significance of unobservable inputs. D Net interest income from financial instruments Interest and dividend income arising from financial assets and financial liabilities and the associated For the three months ended (Millions of Canadian dollars) January 31 2023 January 31 2022 Interest and dividend income (1), (2) Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss $ 6,709 $ 1,419 Financial instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income 942 77 Financial instruments measured at amortized cost 11,686 5,882 19,337 7,378 Interest expense (1) Financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss 6,240 861 Financial instruments measured at amortized cost 6,895 1,246 13,135 2,107 Net interest income $ 6,202 $ 5,271 (1) Excludes the following amounts related to our insurance operations and included in Insurance premiums, investment and fee income in the Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income: for the three months ended January 31, 2023, Interest income of (2) Includes dividend income for the three months ended January 31, 2023 of $792 million (January 31, 2022 – $750 million), which is presented in Interest and dividend income in the Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. |