Commitments and Contingencies | 10. Commitments and Contingencies Commitments Future disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 have not changed materially, other than those disclosed below. “Other long-term obligations” totaled $14.683 billion as of March 31, 2023 and $15.115 billion as of December 31, 2022, a decrease of $432 million as of March 31, 2023. partially offset by contractual commitments, including, but not limited to , our satellite under construction, EchoStar XXV. For the Years Ending December 31, Other Long-Term Obligations (1) (In thousands) 2023 (remaining nine months) $ 3,635,929 2024 2,469,468 2025 1,935,955 2026 1,744,978 2027 1,371,171 Thereafter 3,525,563 Total $ 14,683,064 (1) Represents minimum contractual commitments related to communication tower obligations, certain 5G Network Deployment commitments, obligations under the NSA with AT&T and the MNSA with T-Mobile, radios, software and integration services and satellite related and other obligations. In certain circumstances, the dates on which we are obligated to make these payments could be delayed. We currently expect capital expenditures, excluding capitalized interest, billion is included in the table above in “Other long-term obligations.” Agreements in Connection with the Asset Purchase Agreement On July 1, 2020, we completed the Boost Mobile Acquisition. billion. million per the Spectrum Purchase Agreement under certain circumstances. The included in “Other long-term obligations” above. Wireless – 5G Network Deployment We have invested a total of over $30 billion in Wireless spectrum licenses, which includes over $10 billion in noncontrolling investments in certain entities. The Wireless Spectrum Licenses These Wireless spectrum licenses are subject to certain interim and final build-out requirements, as well as certain renewal requirements that are summarized in the table below: Carrying Build-Out Deadlines Expiration Amount Interim Final Date (In thousands) Owned: DBS Licenses (1) $ 677,409 700 MHz Licenses (2) 711,871 June 14, 2023 (3) June 2023 AWS-4 Licenses (2) 1,940,000 June 14, 2023 (3) June 2023 H Block Licenses (2) 1,671,506 June 14, 2023 (4) June 2023 600 MHz Licenses 6,213,335 June 14, 2025 (5) June 2029 MVDDS Licenses (1) 24,000 August 2024 LMDS Licenses (1) — September 2028 28 GHz Licenses 2,883 October 2, 2029 (6) October 2029 24 GHz Licenses 11,772 December 11, 2029 (6) December 2029 37 GHz, 39 GHz and 47 GHz Licenses 202,533 June 4, 2030 (6) June 2030 3550-3650 MHz Licenses 912,939 March 12, 2031 (6) March 2031 3.7-3.98 GHz Licenses 2,731 July 23, 2029 (6) July 23, 2033 (6) July 2036 3.45–3.55 GHz Licenses 7,327,989 May 4, 2026 (6) May 4, 2030 (6) May 2037 1695-1710 MHz, 1755-1780 MHz, and 2155-2180 MHz 972 March 30, 2024 (7) March 2026 Subtotal 19,699,940 Noncontrolling Investments: Northstar 5,618,930 October 2025 (8) October 2025 (8) SNR 4,271,459 October 2025 (8) October 2025 (8) Total AWS-3 Licenses 9,890,389 Capitalized Interest (9) 7,641,591 Total as of March 31, 2023 $ 37,231,920 (1) The build-out deadlines for these licenses have been met. (2) The interim build-out deadlines for these licenses have been met. (3) For these licenses, we must offer 5G broadband service to 70% of the United States population by this date; provided, however, if by June 14, 2023, we are offering 5G broadband service with respect to these licenses to at least 50% of the population of the United States but less than 70% of the population of the United States, the final deadline shall be further extended automatically to June 14, 2025, for us to construct and offer 5G broadband service to at least 70% of the population in each Economic Area (which is a service area established by the FCC) with respect to these licenses. (4) For these licenses, we must offer 5G broadband service to at least 70% of the United States population by this date; provided, however, that if by June 14, 2023, we are offering 5G broadband service with respect to these licenses to at least 50% of the population of the United States but less than 70% of the population of the United States, the final deadline shall be further extended automatically to June 14, 2025, for us to construct and offer 5G broadband service to at least 75% of the population in each Economic Area (which is a service area established by the FCC) with respect to these licenses. (5) For these licenses, we must offer 5G broadband service to at least 75% of the population in each Partial Economic Area (which is a service area established by the FCC) by this date. We have also acquired certain additional 600 MHz licenses through private transactions. These licenses are currently subject to their original FCC buildout deadlines. (6) There are a variety of build-out options and associated build-out metrics associated with these licenses. (7) For these licenses, we must provide reliable signal coverage and offer service to at least 75% of the population of each license area by this date. (8) For these licenses, Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless must provide reliable signal coverage and offer service to at least 75% of the population of each license area by this date. The AWS-3 interim build-out requirement was not met and as a result, the AWS-3 expiration date and the AWS-3 final build-out requirement have been accelerated by two years (from October 2027 to October 2025) for each AWS-3 License area in which Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless did not meet the requirement. (9) See Note 2 for further information. Commercialization of Our Wireless Spectrum Licenses and Related Assets. We plan to commercialize our Wireless spectrum licenses through our 5G Network Deployment. We have committed to deploy a facilities-based 5G broadband network capable of serving increasingly larger portions of the U.S. population at different deadlines, including 20% of the U.S. population by June 2022 and 70% by June 2023. of the U.S. population but less than 70% of the U.S. population On June 14, 2022, we announced we had successfully reached our 20% population coverage requirement. We are currently focused on our progression towards of the U.S. population with a minimum of 15,000 . As of March 31, 2023, we had started construction on over 18,000 5G cell sites. We will need approximately 16,000 sites fully powered and fibered to provide 5G broadband service to over 70% of the U.S. population. We currently expect capital expenditures, excluding capitalized interest, for our 5G Network Deployment to be approximately . See Note 2 for further information. We may need to make significant additional investments or partner with others to, among other things, complete our 5G Network Deployment and further commercialize, build-out and integrate these licenses and related assets and any additional acquired licenses and related assets, as well as to comply with regulations applicable to such licenses. Depending on the nature and scope of such activities, any such investments or partnerships could vary significantly. In addition, as we complete our initial 5G Network Deployment, we have and may continue to incur significant additional expenses related to, among other things, research and development, wireless testing and ongoing upgrades to the wireless network infrastructure, software and third party integration. As a result of these investments, among other factors, we plan to raise additional capital, which may not be available on favorable terms. See Note 9 for further information. We may also determine that additional wireless spectrum licenses may be required to complete our 5G Network Deployment and to compete effectively with other wireless service providers. We may need to raise significant additional capital in the future to fund the efforts described above, which may not be available on favorable terms. There can be no assurance that we will be able to develop and implement a business model that will realize a return on these Wireless spectrum licenses or that we will be able to profitably deploy the assets represented by these Wireless spectrum licenses, which may affect the carrying amount of these assets and our future financial condition or results of operations. DISH Network Noncontrolling Investments in the Northstar Entities and the SNR Entities Related to AWS-3 Wireless Spectrum Licenses Noncontrolling Investments During 2015, through our wholly-owned subsidiaries American II and American III, we initially made over $10 billion in certain noncontrolling investments in Northstar Spectrum, the parent company of Northstar Wireless, and in SNR HoldCo, the parent company of SNR Wireless, respectively. Under the applicable accounting guidance in ASC 810, Northstar Spectrum and SNR HoldCo are considered VIEs and, based on the characteristics of the structure of these entities and in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, we consolidate these entities into our financial statements. See Note 2 for further information. Northstar Investment. As of 2015, through American II, we owned a noncontrolling interest in Northstar Spectrum, which was comprised of million. See below for further information. Northstar Purchase Agreement . On December 30, 2020, through our wholly-owned subsidiary American II, we entered into a Purchase Agreement (the “Northstar Purchase Agreement”) with Northstar Manager and Northstar Spectrum, pursuant to which American II purchased 80% of Northstar Manager’s Class B Common Interests in Northstar Spectrum (the “Northstar Transaction”) for a purchase price of approximately $312 million. As a result of the Northstar Transaction, through American II, we hold 97% of the Class B Common Interests in Northstar Spectrum and Northstar Manager holds 3% of the Class B Common Interests in Northstar Spectrum. Other than the change in ownership percentage of Northstar Spectrum, the Northstar Transaction did not modify or amend in any way the existing arrangements between or among the Northstar parties. SNR Investment. As of 2015, through American III, we own a noncontrolling interest in SNR HoldCo, which is comprised of of the Class A Preferred Interests of SNR HoldCo. SNR Management is the sole manager of SNR HoldCo and owns a controlling interest in SNR HoldCo, which is comprised of of the Class B Common Interests of SNR HoldCo. As of March 31, 2018, the total equity contributions from American III and SNR Management to SNR HoldCo were approximately million, respectively. As of March 31, 2018, the total loans from American III to SNR Wireless under the SNR Credit Agreement (as defined below) for payments to the FCC related to the SNR Licenses (as defined below) were approximately million. See below for further information. AWS-3 Auction Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless each filed applications with the FCC to participate in Auction 97 (the “AWS-3 Auction”) for the purpose of acquiring certain AWS-3 Licenses. Each of Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless applied to receive bidding credits of as designated entities under applicable FCC rules. Northstar Wireless was the winning bidder for AWS-3 Licenses with gross winning bid amounts totaling approximately billion. SNR Wireless was the winning bidder for AWS-3 Licenses with gross winning bid amounts totaling approximately billion. In addition to the net winning bids, SNR Wireless made a bid withdrawal payment of approximately FCC Order and October 2015 Arrangements. Memorandum Opinion and Order which billion for SNR Wireless). On November 23, 2020, the FCC released a Memorandum Opinion and Order on Remand, FCC 20-160, that found that Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless are not eligible for bidding credits based on the FCC’s determination that they remain under DISH Network’s de facto control. Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless have appealed the FCC’s order to the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals. On June 21, 2022, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia issued an Opinion rejecting this challenge. On January 17, 2023, Northstar Wireless filed a petition for a writ of certiorari asking the United States Supreme Court to hear a further appeal. On April 20, 2023, the Supreme Court asked for further briefing in connection with that petition. Letters Exchanged between Northstar Wireless and the FCC Wireless Bureau. As outlined in letters exchanged between Northstar Wireless and the Wireless Telecommunications Bureau of the FCC (the “FCC Wireless Bureau”), Northstar Wireless paid the gross winning bid amounts for billion through the application of funds already on deposit with the FCC. Northstar Wireless also notified the FCC that it would not be paying the gross winning bid amounts for billion. As a result of the nonpayment of those gross winning bid amounts, the FCC retained those licenses and Northstar Wireless owed the FCC an additional interim payment of approximately billion. The Northstar Interim Payment was recorded as an expense during the fourth quarter of 2015. Northstar Wireless immediately satisfied the Northstar Interim Payment through the application of funds already on deposit with the FCC and an additional loan from American II of approximately million. As a result, the FCC will not deem Northstar Wireless to be a “current defaulter” under applicable FCC rules. In addition, the FCC Wireless Bureau acknowledged that Northstar Wireless’ nonpayment of those gross winning bid amounts does not constitute action involving gross misconduct, misrepresentation or bad faith. Therefore, the FCC concluded that such nonpayment will not affect the eligibility of Northstar Wireless, its investors (including DISH Network) or their respective affiliates to participate in future spectrum auctions (including Auction 1000 and any re-auction of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC). At this time, DISH Network (through itself, a subsidiary or another entity in which it may hold a direct or indirect interest) expects to participate in any re-auction of those AWS-3 licenses. If the winning bids from re-auction or other award of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC are greater than or equal to the winning bids of Northstar Wireless, no additional amounts will be owed to the FCC. However, if those winning bids are less than the winning bids of Northstar Wireless, then Northstar Wireless will be responsible for the difference less any overpayment of the Northstar Interim Payment (which will be recalculated as of the winning bids from re-auction or other award) (the “Northstar Re-Auction Payment”). million overpayment of the Northstar Interim Payment. As discussed above, at this time, DISH Network (through itself, a subsidiary or another entity in which it may hold a direct or indirect interest) expects to participate in any re-auction. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the timing or outcome of any re-auction or the amount of any Northstar Re-Auction Payment. DISH Network Guaranty in Favor of the FCC for Certain Northstar Wireless Obligations . On October 1, 2015, DISH Network entered into a guaranty in favor of the FCC (the “FCC Northstar Guaranty”) with respect to the Northstar Interim Payment (which was satisfied on October 1, 2015) and any Northstar Re-Auction Payment. The FCC Northstar Guaranty provides, among other things, that during the period between the due date for the payments guaranteed under the FCC Northstar Guaranty and the date such guaranteed payments are paid: (i) Northstar Wireless’ payment obligations to American II under the Northstar Credit Agreement will be subordinated to such guaranteed payments; and (ii) DISH Network or American II will withhold exercising certain rights as a creditor of Northstar Wireless. Letters Exchanged between SNR Wireless and the FCC Wireless Bureau. million). SNR Wireless also notified the FCC that it would not be paying the gross winning bid amounts for billion. As a result of the nonpayment of those gross winning bid amounts, the FCC retained those licenses and SNR Wireless owed the FCC an additional interim payment of approximately The SNR Interim Payment was recorded as an expense during the fourth quarter of 2015. SNR Wireless immediately satisfied the SNR Interim Payment through a portion of an additional loan from American III in an aggregate amount of approximately million. As a result, the FCC will not deem SNR Wireless to be a “current defaulter” under applicable FCC rules. In addition, the FCC Wireless Bureau acknowledged that SNR Wireless’ nonpayment of those gross winning bid amounts does not constitute action involving gross misconduct, misrepresentation or bad faith. Therefore, the FCC concluded that such nonpayment will not affect the eligibility of SNR Wireless, its investors (including DISH Network) or their respective affiliates to participate in future spectrum auctions (including Auction 1000 and any re-auction of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC). At this time, DISH Network (through itself, a subsidiary or another entity in which it may hold a direct or indirect interest) expects to participate in any re-auction of those AWS-3 licenses. If the winning bids from re-auction or other award of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC are greater than or equal to the winning bids of SNR Wireless, no additional amounts will be owed to the FCC. However, if those winning bids are less than the winning bids of SNR Wireless, then SNR Wireless will be responsible for the difference less any overpayment of the SNR Interim Payment (which will be recalculated as of the winning bids from re-auction or other award) (the “SNR Re-Auction Payment”). For example, if the winning bids in a re-auction are $1, the SNR Re-Auction Payment would be approximately million overpayment of the SNR Interim Payment. As discussed above, at this time, DISH Network (through itself, a subsidiary or another entity in which it may hold a direct or indirect interest) expects to participate in any re-auction. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the timing or outcome of any re-auction or the amount of any SNR Re-Auction Payment. DISH Network Guaranty in Favor of the FCC for Certain SNR Wireless Obligations. On October 1, 2015, DISH Network entered into a guaranty in favor of the FCC (the “FCC SNR Guaranty”) with respect to the SNR Interim Payment (which was satisfied on October 1, 2015) and any SNR Re-Auction Payment. The FCC SNR Guaranty provides, among other things, that during the period between the due date for the payments guaranteed under the FCC SNR Guaranty and the date such guaranteed payments are paid: (i) SNR Wireless’ payment obligations to American III under the SNR Credit Agreement will be subordinated to such guaranteed payments; and (ii) DISH Network or American III will withhold exercising certain rights as a creditor of SNR Wireless. FCC Licenses . On October 27, 2015, the FCC granted the Northstar Licenses to Northstar Wireless and the SNR Licenses to SNR Wireless, respectively, which are recorded in “FCC authorizations” on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The AWS-3 Licenses are subject to certain interim and final build-out requirements. By October 2021, Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless must provide reliable signal coverage and offer service to at least of the population in each area covered by an individual AWS-3 License (the “AWS-3 Interim Build-Out Requirement”). By October 2027, Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless must provide reliable signal coverage and offer service to at least of the population in each area covered by an individual AWS-3 License (the “AWS-3 Final Build-Out Requirement”). The AWS-3 Interim Build-Out Requirement was not met and as a result, the AWS-3 License term and the AWS-3 Final Build-Out Requirement have been accelerated by (from October 2027 to October 2025) for each AWS-3 License area in which Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless did not meet the requirement. If the AWS-3 Final Build-Out Requirement is not met, the authorization for each AWS-3 License area in which Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless do not meet the requirement may terminate. These wireless spectrum licenses expire in October 2027 unless they are renewed by the FCC. There can be no assurance that the FCC will renew these wireless spectrum licenses. Qui Tam . On September 23, 2016, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia unsealed a qui tam complaint that was filed by Vermont National Telephone Company (“Vermont National”) against us; our wholly-owned subsidiaries, American AWS-3 Wireless I L.L.C., American II, American III, and DISH Wireless Holding L.L.C.; Charles W. Ergen (our Chairman) and Cantey M. Ergen (a member of our board of directors); Northstar Wireless; Northstar Spectrum; Northstar Manager; SNR Wireless; SNR HoldCo; SNR Management; and certain other parties. See “ Contingencies – Litigation – Vermont National Telephone Company” D.C. Circuit Court Opinion . SNR Wireless LicenseCo, LLC, et al. v. Federal Communications Commission , 868 F.3d 1021 (D.C. Cir. 2017) (the “Appellate Decision”) affirmed the Order in part, and remanded the matter to the FCC to give Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless an opportunity to seek to negotiate a cure of the issues identified by the FCC in the Order (a “Cure”). On January 26, 2018, SNR Wireless and Northstar Wireless filed a petition for a writ of certiorari, asking the United States Supreme Court to hear an appeal from the Appellate Decision, . Order on Remand. Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless timely filed an appeal of the FCC’s 2020 decision. On June 21, 2022, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia issued an Opinion rejecting this challenge. On January 17, 2023, Northstar Wireless filed a petition for a writ of certiorari asking the United States Supreme Court to hear a further appeal. On April 20, 2023, the Supreme Court asked for further briefing in connection with that petition. Northstar Operative Agreements Northstar LLC Agreement. Northstar Spectrum is governed by a limited liability company agreement by and between American II and Northstar Manager (the “Northstar Spectrum LLC Agreement”). Pursuant to the Northstar Spectrum LLC Agreement, American II and Northstar Manager made pro-rata equity contributions in Northstar Spectrum. On March 31, 2018, American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager amended and restated the Northstar Spectrum LLC Agreement, to, among other things: (i) exchange The Northstar Preferred Interests: (a) are non-voting; (b) have a On June 7, 2018, American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager amended and restated the Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated March 31, 2018, by and among American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager, to, among other things: (i) reduce the mandatory quarterly distribution for the Northstar Preferred Interests from remove American II’s tag along rights with respect to Northstar Manager’s sale of its interest in Northstar Spectrum. Northstar Manager had the right to put its interest in Northstar Spectrum to Northstar Spectrum for a 90 -day period beginning October 27, 2020, which Northstar Manager waived in connection with the Northstar Purchase Agreement. On January 24, 2022, American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager amended and restated the Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated June 7, 2018, by and among American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager, to, among other things: (i) increase the second window for Northstar Manager to “put” its interest in Northstar Spectrum to Northstar Spectrum after October 27, 2021 from 90 days to 270 days . On July 22, 2022, American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager amended and restated the Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated June 7, 2018, by and among American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager, to, among other things, increase the second window for Northstar Manager to “put” its interest in Northstar Spectrum to Northstar Spectrum after July 24, 2022 from 270 days to 360 days . O n October 21, 2022, we, through our wholly-owned subsidiary American II received notice that Northstar Manager exercised the Northstar Put Right effective as of October 21, 2022. The value of the Northstar Put Right has accrued to approximately million as of March 31 2023. The consummation of the sale is subject to approval by the FCC. Northstar Wireless Credit Agreement. On October 1, 2015, American II, Northstar Wireless and Northstar Spectrum amended the First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated October 13, 2014, by and among American II, as Lender, Northstar Wireless, as Borrower, and Northstar Spectrum, as Guarantor (as amended, the “Northstar Credit Agreement”), to provide, among other things, that: (i) the Northstar Interim Payment and any Northstar Re-Auction Payment will be made by American II directly to the FCC and will be deemed as loans under the Northstar Credit Agreement; (ii) the FCC is a third-party beneficiary with respect to American II’s obligation to pay the Northstar Interim Payment and any Northstar Re-Auction Payment; (iii) in the event that the winning bids from re-auction or other award of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC are less than the winning bids of Northstar Wireless, the purchaser, assignee or transferee of any AWS-3 Licenses from Northstar Wireless is obligated to pay its pro-rata share of the difference (and Northstar Wireless remains jointly and severally liable for such pro-rata share); and (iv) during the period between the due date for the payments guaranteed under the FCC Northstar Guaranty (as discussed below) and the date such guaranteed payments are paid, Northstar Wireless’ payment obligations to American II under the Northstar Credit Agreement will be subordinated to such guaranteed payments. On March 31, 2018, American II, Northstar Wireless, and Northstar Spectrum amended and restated the Northstar Credit Agreement, to, among other things: (i) lower the interest rate on the remaining On June 7, 2018, American II, Northstar Wireless, and Northstar Spectrum amended and restated the Northstar Credit Agreement to, among other things: (i) extend the maturity date on the remaining loan balance from SNR Operative Agreements SNR LLC Agreement . SNR HoldCo is governed by a limited liability company agreement by and between American III and SNR Management (the “SNR HoldCo LLC Agreement”). Pursuant to the SNR HoldCo LLC Agreement, American III and SNR Management made pro-rata equity contributions in SNR HoldCo. On March 31, 2018, American III, SNR Holdco, SNR Wireless Management, and John Muleta amended and restated the SNR HoldCo LLC Agreement , to, among other things: (i) exchange The SNR Preferred Interests: (a) are non-voting; (b) have a On June 7, 2018, American III, SNR Holdco, SNR Management, and John Muleta amended and restated the Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated March 31, 2018, by and among American III, SNR Holdco, SNR Management and John Muleta, to, among other things: (i) reduce the mandatory quarterly distribution for the SNR Preferred Interests from remove American III’s tag along rights with respect to SNR Management’s sale of its interest in SNR Holdco. SNR Management had the right to put its interest in SNR Holdco to SNR Holdco for a 90 -day period from October 27, 2020. The First SNR Put Window closed in the first quarter of 2021, was not exercised and expired in January 2021. On November 15, 2021, we, through our wholly-owned subsidiary American III received notice that SNR Management exercised the SNR Put Right effective as of November 15, 2021. T he value of the SNR Put Right has accrued to approximately $385 million as of March 31, 2023. The consummation of the sale is subject to approval by the FCC. SNR Credit Agreement . On October 1, 2015, American III, SNR Wireless and SNR HoldCo amended the First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated October 13, 2014, by and among American III, as Lender, SNR Wireless, as Borrower, and SNR HoldCo, as Guarantor (as amended, the “SNR Credit Agreement”), to provide, among other things, that: (i) the SNR Interim Payment and any SNR Re-Auction Payment will be made by American III directly to the FCC and will be deemed as loans under the SNR Credit Agreement; (ii) the FCC is a third-party beneficiary with respect to American III’s obligation to pay the SNR Interim Payment and any SNR Re-Auction Payment; (iii) in the event that the winning bids from re-auction or other award of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC are less than the winning bids of SNR Wireless, the purchaser, assignee or transferee of any AWS-3 Licenses from SNR Wireless is obligated to pay its pro-rata share of the difference (and SNR Wireless remains jointly and severally liable for such pro-rata share); and (iv) during the period between the due date for the payments guaranteed under the FCC SNR Guaranty (as discussed below) and the date such guaranteed payments are paid, SNR Wireless’ payment obligations to American III under the SNR Credit Agreement will be subordinated to such guaranteed payments. On March 31, 2018, American III, SNR Wireless, and SNR Holdco amended and restated the SNR Credit Agreement, to, among other things: (i) lower the interest rate on the remaining On June 7, 2018, American III, SNR Wireless, and SNR Holdco amended and restated the SNR Credit Agreement to, among other things: (i) extend the maturity date on the remaining loan balance from As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the aggregate value of Northstar Manager’s ownership interest in Northstar Spectrum and SNR Management’s ownership interest in SNR HoldCo was $485 million and $464 million, respectively, recorded as “Redeemable noncontrolling interests” on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Northstar Entities and/or the SNR Entities may need to raise significant additional capital in the future, which may be obtained from third party sources or from us, so that the Northstar Entities and the SNR Entities may commercialize, build-out and integrate these AWS-3 Licenses, comply with regulations applicable to such AWS-3 Licenses, and make any potential Northstar Re-Auction Payment and SNR Re-Auction Payment for the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC. Depending upon the nature and scope of such commercialization, build-out and integration efforts, regulatory compliance, and potential Northstar Re-Auction Payment and SNR Re-Auction Payment, any loans, equity contributions or partnerships could vary significantly. There can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain a profitable return on our noncontrolling investments in the Northstar Entities and the SNR Entities. Contingencies Separation Agreement On January 1, 2008, we completed the distribution of our technology and set-top box business and certain infrastructure assets (the “Spin-off”) into a separate publicly-traded company, EchoStar. In connection with the Spin-off, we entered into a separation agreement with EchoStar that provides, among other things, for the division of certain liabilities, including liabilities resulting from litigation. Under the terms of the separation agreement, EchoStar has assumed certain liabilities that relate to its business, including certain designated liabilities for acts or omissions that occurred prior to the Spin-off. Certain specific provisions govern intellectual property related claims under which, generally, EchoStar will only be liable for its acts or omissions following the Spin-off and we will indemnify EchoStar for any liabilities or damages resulting from intellectual property claims relating to the period prior to the Spin-off, as well as our acts or omissions following the Spin-off. On February 28, 2017, we and EchoStar and certain of our respective subsidiaries completed the transactions contemplated by the Share Exchange Agreement (the “Share Exchange Agreement”) that was previously |