Loans Receivable Held for Investment | NOTE 4 – Loans Receivable Held for Investment Loans receivable held for investment were as follows as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 (In thousands) Real estate: Single-family $ 28,184 $ 24,702 Multi-family 601,126 561,447 Commercial real estate 124,717 119,436 Church 12,573 12,717 Construction 90,333 89,887 Commercial – other 63,538 63,450 SBA loans (1) 12,475 14,954 Consumer 14 13 Gross loans receivable before deferred loan costs and premiums 932,960 886,606 Unamortized net deferred loan costs and premiums 1,828 1,971 Gross loans receivable 934,788 888,577 Credit and interest marks on purchased loans, net (739 ) (772 ) Allowance for credit losses (7,552 ) (7,348 ) Loans receivable, net $ 926,497 $ 880,457 (1) Including Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”) loans. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the SBA loan category above included $15 thousand and $2.5 million, respectively, of loans issued under the SBA’s PPP. PPP loans have terms of two Following , the Company analyzes all acquired loans at the time of acquisition for more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality since their origination date. Such loans are classified as purchased credit deteriorated (“PCD”) loans. Acquired loans classified as PCD are recorded at an initial amortized cost, which is comprised of the purchase price of the loans and the initial ACL determined for the loans, which is added to the purchase price, and any resulting discount or premium related to factors other than credit. PCI loans were considered to be PCD loans at the date of adoption of ASC 326. The Company accounts for interest income on PCD loans using the interest method, whereby any purchase discounts or premiums are accreted or amortized into interest income as an adjustment of the loan’s yield. An accretable yield is not determined for PCD loans. As part of the CFBanc merger, the Com pany acquired PCI loans. Prior to the CFBanc merger, there were no such acquired loans. The carrying amount of those loans was as follows: March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Real estate: (In thousands) Single-family $ – $ – Commercial – other 47 47 $ 47 $ 47 The following tables summarizes the discount on the PCI loans for the three months ended: March 31, 2024 March 31, 2023 (In thousands) Balance at the beginning of the period $ 2 $ 27 Deduction due to payoffs – (12 ) Accretion (2 ) (4 ) Balance at the end of the period $ – $ 11 The Company accounts for credit losses on loans in accordance with ASC 326 – Financial Instruments-Credit Losses The Company’s ACL model also includes adjustments for qualitative factors, where appropriate. Qualitative adjustments may be related to and include, but are not limited to, factors such as: (i) changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collections, charge offs, and recovery practices; (ii) changes in international, national, regional, and local conditions; (iii) changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and terms of loans; (iv) changes in the experience, depth, and ability of lending management; (v) changes in the volume and severity of past due loans and other similar conditions; (vi) changes in the quality of the organization’s loan review system; (vii) changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans; (viii) the existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the levels of such concentrations; and (ix) the effect of other external factors (i.e., competition, legal and regulatory requirements) on the level of estimated credit losses. These qualitative factors incorporate the concept of reasonable and supportable forecasts, as required by ASC 326. The following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans for the periods indicated: March 31, 2024 Beginning Balance Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (recapture) Ending Balance Loans receivable held for investment: Single-family $ 260 $ – $ – $ 38 $ 298 Multi-family 4,413 – – (88 ) 4,325 Commercial real estate 1,094 – – 15 1,109 Church 72 – – 18 90 Construction 932 – – 24 956 Commercial - other 529 – – 193 722 SBA loans 48 – – 4 52 Consumer – – – – – Total $ 7,348 $ – $ – $ 204 $ 7,552 March 31 Beginning Balance Impact of CECL Adoption Charge-offs Recoveries Provision (benefit) Ending Balance ( In thousands Loans receivable held for investment: Single-family $ 109 $ 214 $ – $ – $ ( 62 ) $ 261 Multi-family 3,273 603 – – 56 3,932 Commercial real estate 449 466 – – 97 1,012 Church 65 37 – – ( 10 ) 92 Construction 313 219 – – 61 593 Commercial - other 175 254 – – ( 72 ) 357 SBA loans – 20 – – 18 38 Consumer 4 ( 4 ) – – – – Total $ 4,388 $ 1,809 $ – $ – $ 88 $ 6,285 The ACL increased from March 31, 2023 to March 31, 2024 due to growth in the loan portfolio. Since the Company has no historical loss rates of its own, it uses peer historical loss rates, which decreased during the first quarter of 2024 and caused the Company to decrease the factor for historical losses in its computation, causing a decrease in the reserve on certain loan categories. The Company evaluates loans collectively for purposes of determining the ACL in accordance with ASC 326. Collective evaluation is based on aggregating loans deemed to possess similar risk characteristics. In certain instances, the Company may identify loans that it believes no longer possess risk characteristics similar to other loans in the loan portfolio. These loans are typically identified from those that have exhibited deterioration in credit quality, since the specific attributes and risks associated with such loans tend to become unique as the credit deteriorates. Such loans are typically nonperforming, downgraded to substandard or worse, and/or are deemed collateral dependent, where the ultimate repayment of the loan is expected to come from the operation of or eventual sale of the collateral. Loans that are deemed by management to no longer possess risk characteristics similar to other loans in the portfolio, or that have been identified as collateral dependent, are evaluated individually for purposes of determining an appropriate lifetime ACL. The Company uses a discounted cash flow approach, using the loan’s effective interest rate, for determining the ACL on individually evaluated loans, unless the loan is deemed collateral dependent, which requires evaluation based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, less estimated selling costs. The Company may increase or decrease the ACL for collateral dependent loans based on changes in the estimated fair value of the collateral. The following table presents collateral dependent loans by collateral type as of the date indicated: March 31, 2024 Single-Family Multi-Family Residential Church Business Assets Total Real estate: (In thousands) Single-family $ 42 $ – $ – $ – $ 42 Multi-family – 401 – – 401 Commercial real estate – – 58 – 58 Church – – 388 – 388 Commercial – other – – – 267 267 Total $ 42 $ 401 $ 446 $ 267 $ 1,156 December 31, 2023 Single-Family Multi-Family Residential Church Business Assets Total Real estate: (In thousands) Single-family $ 45 $ – $ – $ – $ 45 Multi-family – 5,672 – – 5,672 Commercial real estate – – 65 – 65 Church – – 391 – 391 Commercial – other – – – 268 268 Total $ 45 $ 5,672 $ 456 $ 268 $ 6,441 At March 31, 2024 , $1.2 million of individually evaluated loans were evaluated based on the underlying value of the collateral and no individually evaluated loans were evaluated using a discounted cash flow approach. These loans had an associated ACL of $111 thousand as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company had one individually evaluated loan on nonaccrual status at March 31, 2024. Past Due Loans The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by loan type as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2024 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Greater than 90 Days Past Due Total Past Due Current Total (In thousands) Loans receivable held for investment: Single-family $ – $ – $ – $ – $ 28,184 $ 28,184 Multi-family – – 401 401 602,553 602,954 Commercial real estate – – – – 124,717 124,717 Church – – – – 12,573 12,573 Construction – – – – 90,333 90,333 Commercial - other – – – – 63,538 63,538 SBA loans 9 360 – 369 12,106 12,475 Consumer – – – – 14 14 Total $ 9 $ 360 $ 401 $ 770 $ 934,018 $ 934,788 December 31, 2023 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Greater than 90 Days Past Due Total Past Due Current Total (In thousands) Loans receivable held for investment: Single-family $ – $ – $ – $ – $ 24,702 $ 24,702 Multi-family – 401 – 401 563,017 563,418 Commercial real estate – – – – 119,436 119,436 Church – – – – 12,717 12,717 Construction – – – – 89,887 89,887 Commercial - other – – – – 63,450 63,450 SBA loans 379 – – 379 14,575 14,954 Consumer – – – – 13 13 Total $ 379 $ 401 $ – $ 780 $ 887,797 $ 888,577 The following table presents the recorded investment in non-accrual loans by loan type as of the dates indicated: March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 (In thousands) Loans receivable held for investment: Multi-family $ 401 $ – Total non-accrual loans $ 401 $ – The non-accrual loan above had no related ACL at March 31, 2024. There were no loans 90 days or more delinquent that were accruing interest as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023. Modified Loans to Troubled Borrowers GAAP requires that certain types of modifications of loans in response to a borrower’s financial difficulty be reported, which consist of the following: (i) principal forgiveness, (ii) interest rate reduction, (iii) other-than-insignificant payment delay, (iv) term extension, or (v) any combination of the foregoing. The ACL for loans that were modified in response to a borrower’s financial difficulty is measured on a collective basis, as with other loans in the loan portfolio, unless management determines that such loans no longer possess risk characteristics similar to others in the loan portfolio. In those instances, the ACL for such loans is determined through individual evaluation. There were no loan modifications to borrowers that were experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2024. Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. For single-family residential, consumer, and other smaller balance homogenous loans, a credit grade is established at inception, and generally only adjusted based on performance. Information about payment status is disclosed elsewhere herein. The Company analyzes all other loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed at least on a quarterly basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: ● Watch. Loans classified as watch exhibit weaknesses that could threaten the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligors. Watch graded loans are generally performing and are not more than 59 days past due. A watch rating is used when a material deficiency exists, but correction is anticipated within an acceptable time frame. ● Special Mention. Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date. ● Substandard. Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. ● Doubtful. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. ● Loss. Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible and of such little value that to continue to carry the loan as an active asset is no longer warranted. Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above-described process are considered to be pass rated loans. Pass rated loans are generally well protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor and/or by the value of the underlying collateral. Pass rated loans are not more than 59 days past due and are generally performing in accordance with the loan terms. The following table stratifies the loans held for investment portfolio by the Company’s internal risk grading, and by year of origination as of the date indicated: Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - As of March 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Total (In thousands) Single-family: Pass $ – $ 551 $ 4,135 $ 3,039 $ 2,050 $ 14,612 $ – $ 24,387 Watch – – – 745 869 714 – 2,328 Special Mention – – – – – 115 – 115 Substandard – – – – 1,354 – – 1,354 Total $ – $ 551 $ 4,135 $ 3,784 $ 4,273 $ 15,441 $ – $ 28,184 Multi-family: Pass $ 39,797 $ 86,356 $ 182,415 $ 144,826 $ 27,195 $ 92,345 $ – $ 572,934 Watch – – 4,667 6,168 – 4,377 – 15,212 Special Mention – – – – – 2,039 – 2,039 Substandard – – – 894 – 11,875 – 12,769 Total $ 39,797 $ 86,356 $ 187,082 $ 151,888 $ 27,195 $ 110,636 $ – $ 602,954 Commercial real estate: Pass $ 15,000 $ 1,751 $ 21,406 $ 25,877 $ 24,477 $ 22,487 $ – $ 110,998 Watch – – 440 – 5,256 2,579 – 8,275 Special Mention – 884 – – – – – 884 Substandard – – – – – 4,560 – 4,560 Total $ 15,000 $ 2,635 $ 21,846 $ 25,877 $ 29,733 $ 29,626 $ – $ 124,717 Church: Pass $ – $ 2,892 $ – $ 2,196 $ 1,735 $ 2,649 $ – $ 9,472 Watch – – – – – 1,490 – 1,490 Special Mention – – – – – 648 – 648 Substandard – – – – – 963 – 963 Total $ – $ 2,892 $ – $ 2,196 $ 1,735 $ 5,750 $ – $ 12,573 Construction: Pass $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – Watch 954 43,787 31,126 8,094 – 1,841 – 85,802 Special Mention – 252 4,279 – – – – 4,531 Substandard – – – – – – – – Total $ 954 $ 44,039 $ 35,405 $ 8,094 $ – $ 1,841 $ – $ 90,333 Commercial – other: Pass $ – $ 15,000 $ 9,033 $ 80 $ 6,196 $ 7,632 $ – $ 37,941 Watch 17,594 – 312 – – 6,549 – 24,455 Special Mention – – – – 972 – – 972 Substandard – – – 170 – – – 170 Total $ 17,594 $ 15,000 $ 9,345 $ 250 $ 7,168 $ 14,181 $ – $ 63,538 SBA: Pass $ – $ 9,065 $ 150 $ 15 $ – $ 1,425 $ – $ 10,655 Watch – – – – – – – – Special Mention – – – – – – – – Substandard – – – – 446 1,374 – 1,820 Total $ – $ 9,065 $ 150 $ 15 $ 446 $ 2,799 $ – $ 12,475 Consumer: Pass $ 14 $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – $ 14 Watch – – – – – – – – Special Mention – – – – – – – – Substandard – – – – – – – – Total $ 14 $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – $ 14 Total loans: Pass $ 54,811 $ 115,615 $ 217,139 $ 176,033 $ 61,653 $ 141,150 $ – $ 766,401 Watch 18,548 43,787 36,545 15,007 6,125 17,550 – 137,562 Special Mention – 1,136 4,279 – 972 2,802 – 9,189 Substandard – – – 1,064 1,800 18,772 – 21,636 Total loans $ 73,359 $ 160,538 $ 257,963 $ 192,104 $ 70,550 $ 180,274 $ – $ 934,788 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year - As of December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Total (In thousands) Single-family: Pass $ – $ 2,474 $ 1,862 $ 2,940 $ 1,485 $ 12,374 $ – $ 21,135 Watch – – 750 – – 999 – 1,749 Special Mention – – – – – 116 – 116 Substandard – – – 1,365 – 337 – 1,702 Total $ – $ 2,474 $ 2,612 $ 4,305 $ 1,485 $ 13,826 $ – $ 24,702 Multi-family: Pass $ 81,927 $ 183,295 $ 145,652 $ 27,356 $ 44,511 $ 47,119 $ – $ 529,860 Watch – 4,686 6,203 – 1,186 6,474 – 18,549 Special Mention – – 899 – – 1,344 – 2,243 Substandard – – – – 363 12,403 – 12,766 Total $ 81,927 $ 187,981 $ 152,754 $ 27,356 $ 46,060 $ 67,340 $ – $ 563,418 Commercial real estate: Pass $ 9,881 $ 22,131 $ 26,019 $ 24,684 $ 6,718 $ 15,106 $ – $ 104,539 Watch – 442 – 5,286 – 2,599 – 8,327 Special Mention – – – – 325 – – 325 Substandard – – – $ – $ – 6,245 $ – $ 6,245 Total $ 9,881 $ 22,573 $ 26,019 $ 29,970 $ 7,043 $ 23,950 $ – $ 119,436 Church: Pass $ 2,923 $ – $ 2,210 $ 1,748 $ – $ 2,704 $ – $ 9,585 Watch – – – – 636 1,525 – 2,161 Special Mention – – – – – – – – Substandard – – – – – 971 – 971 Total $ 2,923 $ – $ 2,210 $ 1,748 $ 636 $ 5,200 $ – $ 12,717 Construction: Pass $ – $ 1,109 $ 1,198 $ – $ – $ – $ – $ 2,307 Watch 42,300 35,179 5,484 – – 2,097 – 85,060 Special Mention – – 2,520 – – – – 2,520 Substandard – – – – – – – – Total $ 42,300 $ 36,288 $ 9,202 $ – $ – $ 2,097 $ – $ 89,887 Commercial – other: Pass $ 15,000 $ 9,077 $ 87 $ 5,600 $ – $ 25,154 $ – $ 54,918 Watch – 312 – 1,500 6,550 – – 8,362 Special Mention – – 170 – – – – 170 Substandard – – – – – – – – Total $ 15,000 $ 9,389 $ 257 $ 7,100 $ 6,550 $ 25,154 $ – $ 63,450 SBA: Pass $ 11,809 $ 109 $ 2,453 $ – $ 16 $ 100 $ – $ 14,487 Watch – – – – – – – – Special Mention – – – 467 – – – 467 Substandard – – – – – – – – Total $ 11,809 $ 109 $ 2,453 $ 467 $ 16 $ 100 $ – $ 14,954 Consumer: Pass $ 13 $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – $ 13 Watch – – – – – – – – Special Mention – – – – – – – – Substandard – – – – – – – – Total $ 13 $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – $ – $ 13 Total loans: Pass $ 121,553 $ 218,195 $ 179,481 $ 62,328 $ 52,730 $ 102,557 $ – $ 736,844 Watch 42,300 40,619 12,437 6,786 8,372 13,694 – 124,208 Special Mention – – 3,589 467 325 1,460 – 5,841 Substandard – – – 1,365 363 19,956 – 21,684 Total loans $ 163,853 $ 258,814 $ 195,507 $ 70,946 $ 61,790 $ 137,667 $ – $ 888,577 Allowance for Credit Losses for Off-Balance Sheet Commitments The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet commitments related to unfunded loans and lines of credit, which is included in other liabilities of the consolidated statements of financial condition. Upon the Company’s adoption of ASC 326 on January 1, 2023, the Company applies an expected credit loss estimation methodology for off-balance sheet commitments. This methodology is commensurate with the methodology applied to each respective segment of the loan portfolio in determining the ACL for loans held-for-investment. The loss estimation process includes assumptions for the probability that a loan will fund, as well as the expected amount of funding. These assumptions are based on the Company’s own historical internal loan data. The allowance for off-balance sheet commitments was $420 thousand and $364 thousand at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. This amount is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of financial condition. The provision for off-balance sheet commitments was $56 thousand for the quarter-ended March 31, 2024. |