| SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments of a normal recurring nature considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results of operations of any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the full fiscal year. The interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018.
Certain amounts in the consolidated financial statements of prior years have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
Management Estimates
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses reported in those financial statements. Descriptions of the Company’s significant accounting policies are discussed in the notes to consolidated financial statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018. Management evaluates the related estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, and makes adjustments when facts and circumstances dictate. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from those estimates and assumptions. Significant changes, if any, in those estimates and assumptions resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the consolidated financial statements in future periods.
Currency Translation and Transactions
All assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries and affiliates are translated at period-end rates of exchange, while revenue and expenses are translated at weighted-average rates of exchange for the period. Unrealized translation gains (losses), net of tax, reported as cumulative translation adjustments through other comprehensive income (loss) (“OCI”) attributable to The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. were $2 million and $65 million, net of tax, during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $(11) million and $149 million , net of tax, during the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company had an investment in a foreign subsidiary that owned the Company’s available-for-sale securities. During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company sold its available-for-sale securities, which liquidated this investment in the foreign subsidiary. As a result, the Company recorded a realized foreign currency gain on liquidation of $77 million and a gross loss on the sale of available-for-sale securities of $6 million, both of which were reclassified from accumulated OCI (“AOCI”) to Other income, net in the accompanying consolidated statement of earnings. See Note 2 – Investments for additional information. For the Company’s subsidiaries operating in highly inflationary economies, the U.S. dollar is the functional currency. Remeasurement adjustments in financial statements in a highly inflationary economy and other transactional gains and losses are reflected in earnings. These subsidiaries are not material to the Company’s consolidated financial statements or liquidity.
The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts and may enter into option contracts to hedge foreign currency transactions for periods consistent with its identified exposures. Accordingly, the Company categorizes these instruments as entered into for purposes other than trading.
The accompanying consolidated statements of earnings include net exchange gains (losses) on foreign currency transactions of $73 million and $(26) million during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $52 million and $(61) million during the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company is a worldwide manufacturer, marketer and distributor of skin care, makeup, fragrance and hair care products. The Company’s sales subject to credit risk are made primarily to department stores, perfumeries, specialty multi-brand retailers and retailers in its travel retail business. The Company grants credit to qualified customers and does not believe it is exposed significantly to any undue concentration of credit risk.
Inventory and Promotional Merchandise
Inventory and promotional merchandise, net consists of:
March 31
June 30
(In millions)
2019
2018
Raw materials
$
501
$
432
Work in process
218
222
Finished goods
931
798
Promotional merchandise
164
166
$
1,814
$
1,618
Property, Plant and Equipment
March 31
June 30
(In millions)
2019
2018
Assets (Useful Life)
Land
$
29
$
30
Buildings and improvements (10 to 40 years)
285
237
Machinery and equipment (3 to 10 years)
764
719
Computer hardware and software (4 to 10 years)
1,217
1,193
Furniture and fixtures (5 to 10 years)
122
104
Leasehold improvements
2,251
2,152
4,668
4,435
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
(2,777)
(2,612)
$
1,891
$
1,823
The cost of assets related to projects in progress of $388 million and $300 million as of March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively, is included in their respective asset categories above. Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment was $121 million and $116 million during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively , and $358 million and $342 million during the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Depreciation and amortization related to the Company’s manufacturing process is included in Cost of sales, and all other depreciation and amortization is included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of earnings.
Income Taxes
On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”). The TCJA includes broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code that impacted the Company’s accounting and reporting for income taxes. The impacts under the TCJA in the prior fiscal year primarily consisted of the following:
·
A reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, effective January 1, 2018, which resulted in a fiscal 2018 U.S. blended statutory income tax rate for the Company of 28.1%.
·
A one-time mandatory deemed repatriation tax on unremitted foreign earnings (the “Transition Tax”), which the Company elected to pay over an eight-year period.
·
A remeasurement of U.S. net deferred tax assets.
·
The recognition of foreign withholding taxes in connection with the reversal of the Company’s indefinite reinvestment assertion related to certain foreign earnings.
Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) established a one-year measurement period (effective December 22, 2017), whereby provisional amounts recorded for effects of the changes from the TCJA could be subject to adjustment. The one-year measurement period expired on December 22, 2018 and, therefore, the accounting to record the effects of the changes from the TCJA was required to be completed during the three months ended December 31, 2018.
For the year ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded the following provisional charges related to the TCJA:
·
$351 million associated with the Transition Tax.
·
$53 million in connection with the remeasurement of U.S. net deferred tax assets resulting from the statutory tax rate reduction.
·
$46 million related to foreign withholding taxes associated with the reversal of its indefinite reinvestment assertion related to certain foreign earnings.
During the six months ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded a credit of $12 million to adjust its fiscal 2018 provisional charge associated with the Transition Tax and reflected certain technical interpretations related to the Transition Tax computation. The final cumulative charge related to this matter is $339 million. The charges related to the Transition Tax are primarily included in Other noncurrent liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019.
During the three months ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded an increase of $8 million to its provisional charge recorded in fiscal 2018 associated with the remeasurement of its net deferred tax assets resulting from the reduction in the U.S. corporate income tax rate. This adjustment was due to the revision of certain temporary differences. The final cumulative charge related to this matter is $61 million.
In addition, the Company recorded a charge of $9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 related to foreign withholding taxes recorded in fiscal 2018 in connection with the reversal of its indefinite reinvestment assertion related to certain foreign earnings. This charge reflected the Company’s interpretation of recently issued guidance from the U.S. government, and the accounting for this item pursuant to SAB 118 was considered complete as of September 30, 2018. The final cumulative charge related to this matter is $55 million.
Although the accounting related to the income tax effects of the TCJA is complete pursuant to SAB 118, certain technical aspects of the TCJA remain subject to varying degrees of uncertainty as additional technical guidance and clarification from the U.S. government is expected to be issued over an extended period. Receipt of additional guidance and clarification from the U.S. government may result in material changes to the provision for income taxes. To the extent applicable, the Company would recognize such adjustments in the provision for income taxes in the period that additional guidance and clarification is received.
Provisions under the TCJA that became effective for the Company in the current fiscal year include a further reduction in the U.S. statutory rate to 21%, a new minimum tax on global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”), a base erosion anti-abuse tax, a foreign derived intangible income deduction and changes to IRC Section 162(m) related to the deductibility of executive compensation.
For more information about the TCJA and the related impact on the Company, see Note 8 – Income Taxes in the notes to consolidated financial statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018.
The effective rate for income taxes was 23.4% and 22.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. This increase was primarily attributable to the goodwill impairment related to Smashbox, with no associated tax benefit, partially offset by a slightly lower effective tax rate on the Company’s foreign operations due to a favorable geographic mix of earnings, partially offset by the impact of GILTI. See Note 3 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets for additional information relating to the Smashbox impairments.
The effective rate for income taxes was 22.4% and 46.0% for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate was primarily attributable to the provisional charges related to the TCJA that were recorded in the nine months ended March 31, 2018. Also contributing to the lower effective tax rate was the impact of the lower U.S. statutory tax rate and a lower effective tax rate on our foreign operations due to a favorable geographic mix of earnings, partially offset by the impact of GILTI and the goodwill impairment related to Smashbox.
As of March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018, the gross amount of unrecognized tax benefits, exclusive of interest and penalties, totaled $68 million and $60 million, respectively. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits at March 31, 2019 that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate was $47 million. The total gross interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2019 in the accompanying consolidated statements of earnings was $1 million and $4 million, respectively. The total gross accrued interest and penalties in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2018 was $13 million and $9 million, respectively. On the basis of the information available as of March 31, 2019, the Company does not expect significant changes to the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.
Other Accrued Liabilities
Other accrued liabilities consist of the following:
March 31
June 30
(In millions)
2019
2018
Advertising, merchandising and sampling
$
413
$
348
Employee compensation
500
579
Deferred revenue
299
33
Sales return accrual
209
—
Payroll and other taxes
235
190
Accrued income taxes
228
90
Other
763
705
$
2,647
$
1,945
Debt
In October 2018, the Company replaced its undrawn $1.5 billion senior unsecured revolving credit facility that was set to expire in October 2021 with a new $1.5 billion senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the “New Facility”). The New Facility expires on October 26, 2023 unless extended for up to two additional years in accordance with the terms set forth in the agreement. Up to the equivalent of $500 million of the New Facility is available for multi-currency loans. Interest rates on borrowings under the New Facility will be based on prevailing market interest rates in accordance with the agreement. The costs incurred to establish the New Facility were not material. The New Facility has an annual fee of approximately $1 million, payable quarterly, based on the Company’s current credit ratings. The New Facility contains a cross-default provision whereby a failure to pay other material financial obligations in excess of $175 million (after grace periods and absent a waiver from the lenders) would result in an event of default and the acceleration of the maturity of any outstanding debt under this facility.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
Hedge Accounting
In August 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued authoritative guidance to simplify hedge accounting. The guidance includes provisions that:
·
enable entities to better portray their risk management activities within the financial statements;
·
expand an entity’s ability to hedge nonfinancial and financial risk components;
·
reduce complexity in fair value hedges of interest rate risk;
·
eliminate the requirement to separately measure and disclose hedge ineffectiveness;
·
require the entire change in fair value of a hedging instrument to be presented in the same income statement line as the hedged item;
·
ease certain documentation and assessment requirements;
·
modify the accounting for components excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness; and
·
require revised tabular footnote disclosure.
The guidance also provides transition relief to make it easier for entities to apply certain amendments to existing hedges (including fair value hedges) where the hedge documentation is required to be modified.
Effective for the Company – Fiscal 2020 first quarter, with early adoption permitted in any interim period. The guidance must be applied:
·
using the modified retrospective approach for cash flow and net investment hedge relationships that exist on the date of adoption; and
·
prospectively for the presentation and disclosure requirements.
Impact on consolidated financial statements – The Company has early adopted this guidance effective as of its fiscal 2019 first quarter, and no cumulative adjustment to retained earnings was required. Upon adoption, all derivative gains and losses will be recognized in the same income statement line as the hedged items which, for all foreign currency cash flow hedges, is in Net sales. There is no change to the interest expense classification of gains and losses from interest rate swap fair value hedges. The amended presentation and disclosure requirements are being applied prospectively. See Note 5 – Derivative Financial Instruments for further information.
Pension-related Costs
In March 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that amends how companies present net periodic benefit cost in the income statement and balance sheet relating to defined benefit pension and/or other postretirement benefit plans. Within the income statement, the new guidance requires companies to report the service cost component within operating expenses and report the other components of net periodic benefit cost below operating income. In addition, within the balance sheet, the guidance changes the components of the pension cost eligible for capitalization to the service cost component only (e.g., as a cost of internally manufactured inventory or a self-constructed asset).
Effective for the Company – Fiscal 2019 first quarter. The guidance must be applied:
·
retrospectively as it pertains to the income statement classification of the components of net periodic benefit cost; and
·
prospectively as it pertains to future capitalization of service costs.
Impact on consolidated financial statements – The Company adopted this guidance when it became effective, and although certain components of pension expense are being reclassified out of operating income, this did not have a material impact on reported operating income. The Company elected the practical expedient which permits the use of amounts previously disclosed in its pension and post-retirement plan footnote as the basis for estimating the amounts necessary to retrospectively restate the prior-year period consolidated statements of earnings.
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
In May 2014, the FASB issued authoritative guidance, Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), that defines how companies should report revenues from contracts with customers. The standard requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. It provides companies with a single comprehensive five-step principles-based model to use in accounting for revenue and supersedes prior revenue recognition requirements, including most industry-specific and transaction-specific revenue guidance.
In March 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that amended the principal versus agent guidance in its new revenue recognition standard. These amendments do not change the key aspects of the principal versus agent guidance, including the definition that an entity is a principal if it controls the good or service prior to it being transferred to a customer, but the amendments clarify the implementation guidance related to the considerations that must be made during the contract evaluation process.
In April 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that amended the new standard to clarify the guidance on identifying performance obligations and accounting for licenses of intellectual property.
In May 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that clarified certain terms, guidance and disclosure requirements during the transition period related to completed contracts and contract modifications. In addition, the FASB provided clarification on the concept of collectability, the calculation of the fair value of noncash consideration and the presentation of sales and other similar taxes.
In May 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to reflect the Securities and Exchange Commission Staff’s rescission of its prior comments that covered, among other things, accounting for shipping and handling costs and accounting for consideration given by a vendor to a customer.
In December 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that amends various aspects of the new standard to clarify certain terms, guidance and disclosure requirements. In particular, the guidance addresses disclosure requirements for remaining performance obligations, impairment testing for contract costs and accrual of advertising costs, as well as clarifies several examples.
Effective for the Company – Fiscal 2019 first quarter. An entity is permitted to apply the foregoing guidance retrospectively to all prior periods presented, with certain practical expedients, or apply the requirements in the year of adoption, through a cumulative adjustment.
Impact on consolidated financial statements – On July 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606, see Note 7 – Revenue Recognition for further discussion.
Goodwill
In January 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating the second step from the quantitative goodwill impairment test. The single quantitative step test requires companies to compare the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and record an impairment charge for the amount that the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, up to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The Company will continue to have the option of first performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test.
Effective for the Company – Fiscal 2021 first quarter, with early adoption permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017.
Impact on consolidated financial statements – The Company early adopted this guidance effective as of its fiscal 2019 second quarter and applied the new guidance in its quantitative goodwill impairment test related to the Smashbox reporting unit. See Note 3 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets for further information.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
In June 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that requires companies to utilize an impairment model for most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other financial instruments, which include trade and other receivables, loans and held-to-maturity debt securities, to record an allowance for credit risk based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. In addition, this guidance changes the recognition method for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities, which can occur as a result of market and credit risk, and requires additional disclosures. In general, modified retrospective adoption will be required for all outstanding instruments that fall under this guidance.
Effective for the Company – Fiscal 2021 first quarter.
Impact on consolidated financial statements – The Company is currently evaluating the impact of applying this guidance on its financial instruments, such as accounts receivable and short- and long-term investments.
Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that requires lessees to account for most leases on their balance sheets with the liability being equal to the present value of the lease payments. The right-of-use asset will be based on the lease liability adjusted for certain costs such as initial direct costs, prepaid lease payments and lease incentives received. Lease expense will be recognized similar to current accounting guidance with operating leases resulting in a straight-line expense, and finance leases resulting in a front-loaded expense similar to the current accounting for capital leases.
In July 2018, the FASB amended this guidance to clarify certain narrow aspects of the new lease accounting standard that may have been incorrectly or inconsistently applied, and does not add new guidance. Also in July 2018, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that allows companies to elect to adopt the new standard using a modified retrospective transition approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings in the period of adoption. Companies that elect the new adoption method will not be required to restate the prior comparative periods in the financial statements.
Effective for the Company – Fiscal 2020 first quarter, with early adoption permitted using either of the modified retrospective transition approaches described in the standard, with certain practical expedients.
Impact on consolidated financial statements – The Company currently has an implementation team in place that is performing a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of the adoption of this guidance, which includes assessing the Company’s lease portfolio, implementing a new system to meet reporting requirements, and assessing the impact to business processes and internal controls over financial reporting and the related disclosure requirements. While the Company’s evaluation is ongoing, it believes the adoption of this standard will have a significant impact on its consolidated balance sheets, but will not have a material impact to its consolidated statements of earnings, earnings per share amounts and consolidated statements of cash flows. As disclosed in Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies in the notes to consolidated financial statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018, the Company had $3,320 million in future minimum lease commitments as of June 30, 2018. Upon adoption, the Company’s lease liability will generally be based on the present value of such payments and the related right-of-use asset will generally be based on the lease liability, adjusted for initial direct costs, prepaid lease payments, lease incentives received and deferred rent. The Company plans to adopt the new standard when it becomes effective in the fiscal 2020 first quarter using the modified retrospective transition approach for leases that exist in the period of adoption and will not restate the prior comparative periods. Under this method, the Company is required to assess the remaining future payments and lease terms of existing leases as of the beginning of the fiscal 2020 first quarter, but is not required to assess leases that expire prior to fiscal 2020. Additionally, as of the date of adoption, the Company expects to elect the package of practical expedients that does not require the Company to 1) assess whether expired or existing contracts contain leases, 2) reassess the lease classification (i.e. operating lease vs. finance lease) for expired or existing leases and 3) change the accounting for initial direct costs.
Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software
In August 2018, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that permits companies to capitalize the costs incurred for setting up business systems that operate on cloud technology. The new guidance aligns the requirement for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The guidance does not affect the accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract. Capitalized costs associated with a hosting arrangement that is a service contract must be amortized over the term of the hosting arrangement to the same line item in the income statement as the expense for fees for the hosting arrangement.
Effective for the Company – Fiscal 2021 first quarter, with early adoption permitted in any interim period. This guidance can be adopted either:
·
retrospectively; or
·
prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption.
Impact on consolidated financial statements – The Company is currently evaluating the impact of applying this guidance to its business systems that operate on cloud technology.
No other recently issued accounting pronouncements are expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. |
