Interim Segment Information | Interim Segment Information Segment information is presented in accordance with a “management approach", which designates the internal reporting used by the chief operating decision-maker (CODM) for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of the Company's reportable segments. Westell’s Chief Executive Officer is the CODM. The CODM continues to define segment profit as gross profit less research and development expenses. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those for Westell Technologies, Inc. described in the summary of significant accounting policies included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for year ended March 31, 2017. The Company’s three reportable segments are as follows: In-Building Wireless (IBW) Segment The IBW segment solutions enable cellular coverage in stadiums, arenas, malls, buildings, and other indoor areas not served well or at all by the existing "macro" outdoor cellular network. For commercial service, the IBW segment solutions include distributed antenna systems (DAS) conditioners and digital repeaters. For the public safety market, the IBW segment solutions include half-watt and two-watt repeaters and a battery backup unit. The Company’s IBW segment also offers ancillary products that consist of passive system components and antennas for both the commercial and public safety markets. Intelligent Site Management and Services (ISMS) Segment The ISMS segment solutions include a suite of remote units which provide machine-to-machine (M2M) communications that enable operators to remotely monitor, manage, and control site infrastructure and support systems. Remote units can be and often are combined with the Company’s Optima management software system. The Company also offers support agreement services (i.e., maintenance) and deployment services (i.e., installation). Communications Network Solutions (CNS) Segment The CNS segment solutions include a broad range of outdoor network infrastructure offerings consisting of integrated cabinets, power distribution products, copper and fiber connectivity panels, T1 network interface units (NIUs), and tower mounted amplifiers (TMAs). Segment information for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2017 , and 2016 , is set forth below: Three months ended December 31, 2017 (in thousands) IBW ISMS CNS Total Revenue $ 5,223 $ 5,802 $ 2,650 $ 13,675 Cost of revenue 2,754 2,642 2,203 7,599 Gross profit 2,469 3,160 447 6,076 Gross margin 47.3 % 54.5 % 16.9 % 44.4 % Research and development 750 547 245 1,542 Segment profit $ 1,719 $ 2,613 $ 202 4,534 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 1,950 General and administrative 1,502 Intangible amortization 1,047 Operating profit (loss) 35 Other income, net 79 Income tax benefit (expense) 685 (1) Net income (loss) $ 799 Three months ended December 31, 2016 (in thousands) IBW ISMS CNS Total Revenue $ 6,224 $ 5,525 $ 3,234 $ 14,983 Cost of revenue 3,713 2,730 2,486 8,929 Gross profit 2,511 2,795 748 6,054 Gross margin 40.3 % 50.6 % 23.1 % 40.4 % Research and development 1,307 805 302 2,414 Segment profit $ 1,204 $ 1,990 $ 446 3,640 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 1,943 General and administrative 1,777 Intangible amortization 1,212 Restructuring 490 Operating profit (loss) (1,782 ) Other income, net (15 ) Income tax benefit (expense) (10 ) Net income (loss) $ (1,807 ) (1) During the quarter ended December 31, 2017, the Company had income tax benefit from the release of the tax valuation allowance associated with previously generated alternative minimum tax (AMT) credits due to the enacted Tax Reform. See Note 8. Nine months ended December 31, 2017 (in thousands) IBW ISMS CNS Total Revenue $ 20,098 $ 14,662 $ 12,721 $ 47,481 Cost of revenue 10,965 7,157 9,241 27,363 Gross profit 9,133 7,505 3,480 20,118 Gross margin 45.4 % 51.2 % 27.4 % 42.4 % Research and development 3,656 1,635 732 6,023 Segment profit $ 5,477 $ 5,870 $ 2,748 14,095 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 6,278 General and administrative 5,022 Intangible amortization 3,142 Restructuring 165 Operating profit (loss) (512 ) Other income, net 799 (2) Income tax benefit (expense) 660 (1) Net income (loss) $ 947 Nine months ended December 31, 2016 (in thousands) IBW ISMS CNS Total Revenue $ 18,989 $ 14,773 $ 13,817 $ 47,579 Cost of revenue 13,251 7,552 9,790 30,593 (3) Gross profit 5,738 7,221 4,027 16,986 (3) Gross margin 30.2 % 48.9 % 29.1 % 35.7 % (3) Research and development 5,265 3,336 1,417 10,018 Segment profit (loss) $ 473 $ 3,885 $ 2,610 6,968 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing 8,220 General and administrative 6,340 Intangible amortization 3,613 Restructuring 3,055 Long-lived assets impairment 1,181 Operating profit (loss) (15,441 ) Other income, net 76 Income tax benefit (expense) (20 ) Net income (loss) $ (15,385 ) (1) During the quarter ended December 31, 2017, the Company had income tax benefit from the release of the tax valuation allowance associated with previously generated alternative minimum tax (AMT) credits due to the enacted Tax Reform. See Note 8. (2) During the quarter ended September 30, 2017, the Company dissolved the NoranTel legal entity, which triggered a one-time foreign currency gain with the reversal of a cumulative translation adjustment. See Note 1. (3) The nine months ended December 31, 2016, includes E&O expense for ClearLink DAS inventory and pipeline inventory. See Note 2 . Segment asset information is not reported to or used by the CODM. | [1] |