UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
| | |
þ | | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2005
OR
| | |
o | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to .
Commission file number: 000-26887
Silicon Image, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| | |
Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | 77-0396307 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1060 East Arques Avenue
Sunnyvale, California 94085
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)
(408) 616-4000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days YesR No£
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YesR No£
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes£ NoR
The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share, outstanding as of October 31, 2005 was 80,372,185 shares.
Silicon Image, Inc.
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
Three and Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2005
Table of Contents
2
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
Silicon Image, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Assets | | | | | | | | |
Current Assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 28,659 | | | $ | 23,280 | |
Short-term investments | | | 105,459 | | | | 70,240 | |
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $939 at September 30 and $745 at December 31 | | | 27,653 | | | | 19,417 | |
Inventories | | | 13,436 | | | | 13,926 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 3,284 | | | | 3,073 | |
| | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 178,491 | | | | 129,936 | |
| | | | | | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 9,494 | | | | 9,494 | |
Goodwill | | | 13,021 | | | | 13,021 | |
Intangible assets, net | | | 860 | | | | 1,683 | |
Other assets (Notes 6 and 9) | | | 7,588 | | | | 774 | |
| | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 209,454 | | | $ | 154,908 | |
| | | | | | |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | | | | | | | | |
Current Liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 12,976 | | | $ | 6,833 | |
Accrued liabilities | | | 11,575 | | | | 13,418 | |
Deferred license revenue | | | 4,704 | | | | 2,127 | |
Debt obligations and capital leases | | | 364 | | | | 489 | |
Deferred margin on sales to distributors | | | 11,230 | | | | 9,962 | |
| | | | | | |
Current liabilities | | | 40,849 | | | | 32,829 | |
| | | | | | |
Other long term liabilities (Note 9) | | | 6,811 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 47,660 | | | | 32,829 | |
| | | | | | |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ Equity: | | | | | | | | |
Common stock, par value $0.001; shares authorized: 150,000,000; | | | | | | | | |
shares issued and outstanding: 80,310,859 — September 30, 2005 and 78,131,604 — December 31, 2004 | | | 80 | | | | 78 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 305,217 | | | | 299,744 | |
Unearned stock compensation | | | (7,066 | ) | | | (7,632 | ) |
Accumulated deficit | | | (135,982 | ) | | | (172,978 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | | | (455 | ) | | | 2,867 | |
| | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 161,794 | | | | 122,079 | |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 209,454 | | | $ | 154,908 | |
| | | | | | |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3
Silicon Image, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Revenue: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Product | | $ | 50,443 | | | $ | 41,474 | | | $ | 138,574 | | | $ | 110,350 | |
Development, licensing and royalties | | | 5,559 | | | | 6,394 | | | | 12,469 | | | | 16,737 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | | 56,002 | | | | 47,868 | | | | 151,043 | | | | 127,087 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost and operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of revenue (1) | | | 20,868 | | | | 18,204 | | | | 57,360 | | | | 50,414 | |
Research and development (2) | | | 12,309 | | | | 12,180 | | | | 32,334 | | | | 45,223 | |
Selling, general and administrative (3) | | | 7,754 | | | | 9,028 | | | | 20,580 | | | | 31,009 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | | 274 | | | | 357 | | | | 822 | | | | 1,070 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total cost and operating expenses | | | 41,205 | | | | 39,769 | | | | 111,096 | | | | 127,716 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) from operations | | | 14,797 | | | | 8,099 | | | | 39,947 | | | | (629 | ) |
Interest income and other, net | | | 908 | | | | 211 | | | | 2,167 | | | | 399 | |
Gain (loss) on investment security | | | — | | | | (64 | ) | | | 1,263 | | | | 926 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income before provision for income taxes | | | 15,705 | | | | 8,246 | | | | 43,377 | | | | 696 | |
Provision for taxes | | | 5,802 | | | | 369 | | | | 6,380 | | | | 941 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 9,903 | | | $ | 7,877 | | | $ | 36,997 | | | $ | (245 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) per share: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) per share — basic | | $ | 0.12 | | | $ | 0.11 | | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 0.00 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) per share — diluted | | $ | 0.11 | | | $ | 0.09 | | | $ | 0.42 | | | $ | 0.00 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares — basic | | | 79,736 | | | | 74,976 | | | | 79,077 | | | | 73,797 | |
Weighted average shares — diluted | | | 86,869 | | | | 85,890 | | | | 87,081 | | | | 73,797 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) Includes stock compensation expense (benefit) | | $ | (252 | ) | | $ | (110 | ) | | $ | (1,408 | ) | | $ | 1,890 | |
(2) Includes stock compensation expense (benefit) | | | (655 | ) | | | 595 | | | | (4,346 | ) | | | 11,584 | |
(3) Includes stock compensation expense (benefit) | | | (540 | ) | | | 1,042 | | | | (3,719 | ) | | | 9,253 | |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
Silicon Image, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 36,997 | | | $ | (245 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by operating activities: | | | | |
Depreciation | | | 4,611 | | | | 3,631 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | | 823 | | | | 1,070 | |
Provision for doubtful accounts receivable | | | 194 | | | | 75 | |
Stock compensation expense (benefit) | | | (9,473 | ) | | | 22,727 | |
Increase in additional paid in capital related to income tax provision (Note 11) | | | 5,322 | | | | — | |
Gain on investment security | | | (1,263 | ) | | | (926 | ) |
Realized loss on investments | | | 45 | | | | — | |
Changes in assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | (8,430 | ) | | | (9,623 | ) |
Inventories | | | 490 | | | | (3,726 | ) |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | | | (214 | ) | | | 960 | |
Accounts payable | | | 6,143 | | | | 5,410 | |
Accrued liabilities and deferred license revenue | | | 734 | | | | 3,441 | |
Deferred margin on sales to distributors | | | 1,268 | | | | 5,154 | |
| | | | | | |
Cash provided by operating activities | | | 37,247 | | | | 27,948 | |
|
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from sales and maturities of short-term investments | | | 57,193 | | | | 21,807 | |
Purchases of short-term investments | | | (94,560 | ) | | | (20,641 | ) |
Net purchases of property and equipment | | | (4,612 | ) | | | (4,782 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Cash used in investing activities | | | (41,979 | ) | | | (3,616 | ) |
|
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from issuances of common stock, net | | | 10,236 | | | | 15,531 | |
Repayments of capital lease and debt obligations | | | (125 | ) | | | (1,414 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Cash provided by financing activities | | | 10,111 | | | | 14,117 | |
| | | | | | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | 5,379 | | | | 38,449 | |
Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of period | | | 23,280 | | | | 24,059 | |
| | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents — end of period | | $ | 28,659 | | | $ | 62,508 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Supplemental cash flow information: | | | | | | | | |
Cash payment for income taxes | | $ | 306 | | | $ | 262 | |
| | | | | | |
Supplemental non-cash investing and financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Unrealized gain on investment security, net of tax | | $ | — | | | $ | 4,173 |
| | | | | | |
| Increase in restricted cash and related long-term liability associated with ongoing litigation (Notes 6 and 9) | | $ | 6,811 | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
Silicon Image, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2005
(unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Silicon Image, Inc. (“Silicon Image”, “we” or “our”) included herein have been prepared on a basis consistent with our December 31, 2004 audited financial statements and include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly state the consolidated financial position of Silicon Image and our subsidiaries at September 30, 2005 and the related consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. Certain comparative amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current presentation. These reclassifications have no impact on the reported results of operations for any period presented. Results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of future operating results.
2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
On December 16, 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS 123R”). SFAS 123R eliminates the alternative of applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25 (“APB 25”) to stock compensation awards issued to employees. Rather, the new standard requires enterprises to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. That cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period).
The Company has not yet quantified the effects of the adoption of SFAS 123R, but it is expected that the new standard may result in significant stock-based compensation expense. The pro forma effects on net income (loss) and net income (loss) per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of original SFAS No. 123 on stock compensation awards (rather than applying the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB 25) are disclosed in Note 3, “Stock-Based Compensation”. Although such pro forma effects of applying the original SFAS 123 may be indicative of the effects of adopting SFAS 123R, the provisions of these two statements differ in some important respects. The actual effects of adopting SFAS 123R will be dependent on numerous factors including, but not limited to, the valuation model chosen by the Company to value stock-based awards; the assumed award forfeiture rate; the accounting policies adopted concerning the method of recognizing the fair value of awards over the requisite service period; and the transition method (as described below) chosen for adopting SFAS 123R.
SFAS 123R will be effective for the Company’s fiscal quarter beginning January 1, 2006, and requires the use of the Modified Prospective Application Method. Under this method, SFAS 123R is applied to new awards and to awards modified, repurchased, or cancelled after the effective date. Additionally, compensation cost for the portion of awards for which the requisite service has not been rendered (such as unvested options) that is outstanding as of the date of adoption shall be recognized as the remaining requisite services are rendered. The compensation cost relating to unvested awards at the date of adoption shall be based on the grant-date fair value of those awards as calculated for pro forma disclosures under the original SFAS No. 123. We are in the process of evaluating the impact of the adoption of SFAS 123R on our financial statements.
On March 29, 2005, the SEC issued SAB 107, which provides guidance on the interaction between FAS 123R, and certain SEC rules and regulations. SAB 107 provides guidance that may simplify some of FAS 123R’s implementation challenges.
In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151 (“SFAS 151”), “Inventory Costs, an amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4”. This Statement amends the guidance in ARB No. 43, Chapter 4, “Inventory Pricing,” to clarify the accounting for abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage). This Statement requires those items to be excluded
6
from the cost of inventory and expensed when incurred. In addition, this Statement requires that allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. This Statement is effective for companies at the beginning of the first interim or annual period beginning after June 15, 2005. We do not believe that the adoption of SFAS 151 will have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153 (“SFAS 153”), “Exchanges of Non-monetary Assets,” an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29. The guidance in APB Opinion No. 29 (“APB 29”), “Accounting for Non-monetary Transactions”, is based on the principle that exchanges of non-monetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. The guidance in that Opinion, however, included certain exceptions to that principle. SFAS 153 amends APB 29 to eliminate the exception for non-monetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of non-monetary assets that do not have commercial substance. A non-monetary exchange has commercial substance if the future cash flows of the entity are expected to change significantly as a result of the exchange. This Statement is effective for non-monetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005, and should be applied prospectively. We do not believe that the adoption of SFAS 153 will have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154 (“SFAS 154”), “Accounting Changes and Error Corrections”, which will require entities that voluntarily make a change in accounting principle to apply that change retrospectively to prior periods’ financial statements, unless this would be impracticable. SFAS 154 supersedes APB No. 20 (“APB 20”), “Accounting Changes”, which previously required that most voluntary changes in accounting principle be recognized by including in the current period’s net income the cumulative effect of changing to the new accounting principle. SFAS 154 also makes a distinction between “retrospective application” of an accounting principle and the “restatement” of financial statements to reflect the correction of an error. Another significant change in practice under SFAS 154 will be that if an entity changes its method of depreciation, amortization, or depletion for long-lived, non-financial assets, the change must be accounted for as a change in accounting estimate. Under APB 20, such a change would have been reported as a change in accounting principle. SFAS 154 applies to accounting changes and error corrections that are made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The adoption of this standard had no impact on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
3. Stock-Based Compensation
Excluding certain repricings, we account for stock-based awards to employees and directors using the intrinsic value method of accounting in accordance with APB 25. Under the intrinsic value method, if the exercise price of our employee stock options equals the market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant, no compensation expense is recognized. As detailed below, we recognize stock compensation expense (benefit) for certain options granted to employees, options granted to non-employees, option repricings, and options assumed in connection with acquisitions.
Had we recorded compensation expense for our stock options based on the grant-date fair value as prescribed by SFAS No. 123 and SFAS No. 148, our net income (loss) would have been as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Net income (loss) — as reported | | $ | 9,903 | | | $ | 7,877 | | | $ | 36,997 | | | $ | (245 | ) |
Stock-based employee compensation expense (benefit) included in the determination of net income (loss) as reported, net of tax | | | (1,767 | ) | | | (46 | ) | | | (9,998 | ) | | | 16,133 | |
Stock-based employee compensation expense determined using fair value method, net of tax | | | (5,379 | ) | | | (5,639 | ) | | | (16,217 | ) | | | (16,009 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Pro forma net income (loss) | | $ | 2,757 | | | $ | 2,192 | | | $ | 10,781 | | | $ | (121 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) per share — basic (as reported) | | $ | 0.12 | | | $ | 0.11 | | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | 0.00 | |
Net income (loss) per share — diluted (as reported) | | $ | 0.11 | | | | 0.09 | | | $ | 0.42 | | | $ | 0.00 | |
Pro forma net income (loss) per share — basic | | | 0.03 | | | | 0.03 | | | | 0.14 | | | $ | 0.00 | |
Pro forma net income (loss) per share — diluted | | | 0.03 | | | | 0.03 | | | | 0.12 | | | $ | 0.00 | |
7
The weighted average grant-date fair value was estimated using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following assumptions:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Expected life (years) | | | 5 | | | | 5 | | | | 5 | | | | 5 | |
Interest rate | | | 4.2 | % | | | 3.4 | % | | | 4.1 | % | | | 3.1 | % |
Volatility | | | 90 | % | | | 90 | % | | | 90 | % | | | 90 | % |
Dividend yield | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Weighted average fair value | | $7.37 | | $ | 8.24 | | | $ | 9.33 | | | $ | 7.55 | |
The weighted average, grant-date fair value of stock purchase rights granted under our Employee Stock Purchase Plan and the assumptions used are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
Expected life (years) | | | 1.4 | | | | 1.5 | | | | 1.4 | | | | 1.5 | |
Interest rate | | | 3.2 | % | | | 1.2 | % | | | 2.9 | % | | | 1.2 | % |
Dividend yield | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Volatility | | | 66 | % | | | 65 | % | | | 71 | % | | | 70 | % |
Weighted average grant date fair value | | $ | 4.55 | | | $ | 2.88 | | | $ | 4.30 | | | $ | 2.69 | |
We are required to determine the fair value of stock option grants to non-employees and to record the amount as an expense over the period during which services are provided to us. Management calculates the fair value of these stock option grants using the Black-Scholes model, which requires us to estimate the life of the stock option, the volatility of our stock, an appropriate risk-free interest rate, and our dividend yield. The calculation of fair value is highly sensitive to the expected life of the stock option and the volatility of our stock, both of which we estimate based primarily on historical experience.
The following table summarizes the components of our stock compensation expense (benefit) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Options granted to employees | | $ | 4 | | | $ | 855 | | | $ | 260 | | | $ | 906 | |
Options granted to non-employees | | | 625 | | | | 1,454 | | | | 2,249 | | | | 4,220 | |
Option repricings | | | (2,233 | ) | | | (1,047 | ) | | | (12,508 | ) | | | 16,609 | |
Options assumed in connection with acquisitions | | | 157 | | | | 265 | | | | 526 | | | | 992 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stock compensation expense (benefit) | | $ | (1,447 | ) | | $ | 1,527 | | | $ | (9,473 | ) | | $ | 22,727 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
In the table above, options granted to non-employees and option repricings are significantly impacted by changes in our stock prices. Increases in our stock price generally have the effect of increasing the associated expense. Decreases in our stock price have the effect of decreasing the associated expense or increasing the associated benefit.
8
4. Comprehensive income (loss)
The components of comprehensive income (loss), net of related taxes, were as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 9,903 | | | $ | 7,877 | | | $ | 36,997 | | | $ | (245 | ) |
Change in unrealized value on investments, net of tax | | | (198 | ) | | | (726 | ) | | | (3,322 | ) | | | 3,217 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total comprehensive income | | $ | 9,705 | | | $ | 7,151 | | | $ | 33,675 | | | $ | 2,972 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
5. Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, excluding shares subject to repurchase, and diluted net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares and diluted equivalents outstanding during the period, if any, determined using the treasury stock method. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | 9,903 | | | $ | 7,877 | | | $ | 36,997 | | | $ | (245 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares | | | 79,938 | | | | 75,694 | | | | 79,299 | | | | 74,534 | |
Unvested common shares subject to repurchase | | | (202 | ) | | | (718 | ) | | | (222 | ) | | | (737 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares — basic | | | 79,736 | | | | 74,976 | | | | 79,077 | | | | 73,797 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average shares — diluted | | | 86,869 | | | | 85,890 | | | | 87,081 | | | | 73,797 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) per share — basic | | $ | 0.12 | | | $ | 0.11 | | | $ | 0.47 | | | $ | (0.00 | ) |
Net income (loss) per share — diluted | | $ | 0.11 | | | $ | 0.09 | | | $ | 0.42 | | | $ | (0.00 | ) |
Had we generated net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, the number of weighted average securities outstanding that would have been added to weighted average shares for purposes of calculating diluted earnings per share would have been (in thousands):
| | | | |
| | Nine Months | |
| | Ended | |
| | September 30, | |
| | 2004 | |
Unvested common stock subject to repurchase | | | 789 | |
Stock options | | | 10,113 | |
| | | |
Total | | | 10,902 | |
| | | |
As a result of our losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, all common share equivalents would have been anti-dilutive and have therefore been excluded from the diluted net loss per share calculation. The weighted average securities that were anti-dilutive and excluded from our calculation of diluted net loss per share were approximately 1,794,000 for the three month period ended September 30, 2004, and approximately 20,227,000 for the nine month period ended September 30, 2004.
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6. Balance Sheet Components
| | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Inventories: | | | | | | | | |
Raw materials | | $ | 2,356 | | | $ | 3,089 | |
Work in process | | | 3,906 | | | | 2,372 | |
Finished goods | | | 7,174 | | | | 8,465 | |
| | | | | | |
Total inventories | | $ | 13,436 | | | $ | 13,926 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Other assets: | | | | | | | | |
Restricted cash | | $ | 6,811 | | | $ | — | |
Deposits | | | 305 | | | | 255 | |
Other | | | 472 | | | | 519 | |
| | | | | | |
Total other assets | | $ | 7,588 | | | $ | 774 | |
| | | | | | |
In connection with an ongoing legal proceeding (described in Note 9), in July 2005 we received $6.8 million from the Federal Circuit Court. As stipulated in the court order, we deposited these funds in a segregated account and will not use these funds until the adverse party has exhausted all of its appeals. These funds were recorded as a long-term asset, identified as restricted cash, with a corresponding long-term liability. These funds will be recognized as other income once the adverse party has exhausted their appeals and the litigation is deemed final.
| | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | (in thousands) | |
Accrued liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accrued payroll and related expenses | | $ | 3,907 | | | $ | 3,351 | |
Restructuring accrual | | | 254 | | | | 1,036 | |
Accrued legal fees | | | 616 | | | | 910 | |
Warranty accrual | | | 355 | | | | 351 | |
Bonus accrual | | | 1,606 | | | | 3,122 | |
Other accrued liabilities | | | 4,837 | | | | 4,648 | |
| | | | | | |
Total accrued liabilities | | $ | 11,575 | | | $ | 13,418 | |
| | | | | | |
At the time of revenue recognition, we provide an accrual for estimated costs to be incurred pursuant to our warranty obligation. Our estimate is based primarily on historical experience. Warranty accrual activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 was as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Balance at January 1 | | $ | 351 | | | $ | 271 | |
Provision for warranties issued during the period | | | 242 | | | | 200 | |
Cash and other settlements made during the period | | | (238 | ) | | | (120 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Balance at September 30 | | $ | 355 | | | $ | 351 | |
| | | | | | |
7. Asset impairment and restructuring activities
During the third quarter of 2001, we began a program to focus our business on products and technology, including those obtained through acquisitions, in which we have, or believe we can achieve, a market leadership position. As part of this program, we decided to cancel numerous products under development, to remove certain projects from our development plan, to phase out or de-emphasize certain existing products and to integrate the operations of two acquired companies—CMD Technology (“CMD”) and Silicon Communication Lab (“SCL”).
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In connection with this program, during the third quarter of 2001 through the first quarter of 2003, we recorded restructuring expenses as a result of four workforce reductions by eliminating approximately 136 positions. These expenses consisted of both cash severance-related costs and non-cash severance-related costs representing the intrinsic value of modified stock options. In addition, restructuring expenses during this period were also a result of expected losses on leased facilities, fixed asset write-downs, impairment of goodwill, intangible assets and acquired technology offset in part by reversals of unearned compensation, a component of stockholders’ equity for unvested stock options that were cancelled in connection with employee terminations.
Severance and benefits payments are substantially complete. Lease payments will be made in the form of cash through the end of the related lease term of November 2005. The following table presents restructuring activity for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
| | Severance and | | | Leased | | | | | | | Severance and | | | Leased | | | | |
| | Benefits | | | Facilities | | | Total | | | Benefits | | | Facilities | | | Total | |
Balance as of January 1 | | $ | 32 | | | $ | 1,004 | | | $ | 1,036 | | | $ | 37 | | | $ | 1,838 | | | $ | 1,875 | |
Cash payments | | | — | | | | (562 | ) | | | (562 | ) | | | (5 | ) | | | (569 | ) | | | (574 | ) |
Adjustment related to lease modification | | | — | | | | (220 | ) | | | (220 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance as of September 30 | | $ | 32 | | | $ | 222 | | | $ | 254 | | | $ | 32 | | | $ | 1,269 | | | $ | 1,301 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
In September 2005, we renegotiated a lease for a facility, which was identified in our restructuring program, that provided for an early termination. Accordingly, we recorded an adjustment of $220,000 to the restructuring accrual with an offsetting reduction to selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2005 resulting from this lease modification.
8. Debt Facilities
During the three months ended March 31, 2003, we borrowed $383,000 to finance certain capital equipment. This term loan bore interest at 5% and required monthly payments through its maturity in February 2005. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, the remaining balance on this loan was repaid in full. During the period ended March 31, 2004, we entered into an agreement to extend this debt facility by way of a revolving line of credit with an availability of up to $10.0 million, and an equipment line of credit of up to $3.0 million. Borrowings under the revolving line were limited to the lesser of $10.0 million or 80% of eligible accounts receivable as defined in the loan agreement, and bore interest at either prime plus 0.25% or LIBOR plus 2.75%, at our option. This revolving line of credit expired in May 2005 and was not renewed.
In January 2005, we acquired certain capital equipment under a debt arrangement and as of September 30, 2005, the future debt obligations under this arrangement were approximately $80,000.
9. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Proceedings
On April 24, 2001, we filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia against Genesis Microchip Corp. and Genesis Microchip, Inc. (collectively, “Genesis”) for infringement of our U.S. patent number 5,905,769 (USDC E.D. Virginia Civil Action No.: CA-01-266-R) (the “Federal Suit”). On April 24, 2001, we also filed a complaint against Genesis with the International Trade Commission of the United States government (ITC) for unlawful trade practices related to the importation of articles infringing our patent (the “ITC investigation”). The actions sought injunctions to halt the importation, sale, manufacture and use of Genesis DVI receiver chips that infringe our patent, and monetary damages. We voluntarily moved to dismiss the ITC investigation, with notice that we would proceed directly in the Federal Suit. Our motion to dismiss was granted on February 7, 2002. We filed an amended complaint in the Federal Suit as of February 28, 2002, adding a claim for infringement of our U.S. patent number 5,974,464. In April 2002, Genesis answered and made counterclaims against us for non-infringement, license, patent invalidity, fraud, antitrust, unfair competition and patent misuse. Also in April 2002, we filed a motion to dismiss certain of Genesis’s counterclaims. In addition, we filed a motion to bifurcate trial of the counterclaims to the extent the court did not dismiss them. In May 2002, the Court granted our motion to dismiss certain of the counterclaims, with leave to amend. Genesis re-filed counterclaims against us for fraud and patent misuse. We filed another motion to dismiss these counterclaims, which the Court granted with prejudice on August 6, 2002. In December 2002, the parties entered into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to settle the case. When the parties failed to reach
11
agreement on a final, definitive agreement as required by the MOU, in January 2003, the parties filed motions with the Court to enforce their respective interpretations of the MOU. On July 15, 2003, the Court granted our motion to interpret the MOU in the manner we requested, and ruled that Genesis had engaged in efforts to avoid its obligations under the MOU. On August 6, 2003, the Court entered a final judgment based on its July 15, 2003 ruling. Under the final judgment order, Genesis was ordered to make a substantial cash payment, and to make royalty payments; although Genesis has made a cash payment to the Court, it has not made all the payments that are required under the final judgment order. We filed motions for reimbursement of some of our expenses, including some of our legal fees, and for modification and/or clarification of certain items of the judgment, and to hold Genesis in contempt of Court for breaching the protective order in the case by disclosing secret information to at least one of our competitors. On December 19, 2003, the Court granted our motions in part and denied them in part: the court issued an amended judgment, and held Genesis in contempt of Court for breaching the protective order. Under the amended judgment, Genesis was ordered to make a substantial cash payment, royalty payments, and interest; although Genesis has made certain cash payments to the Court, it has not made all the payments that are required under the amended judgment. On January 16, 2004, Genesis filed a notice of appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. On August 26, 2004, the parties completed the filing of their respective appeal briefs. After a hearing, the Federal Circuit dismissed Genesis’ appeal for lack of jurisdiction. The Federal Circuit held that the lower court’s order, which was based on the parties’ agreement to settle the case, was not “final” and appealable. The case was remanded by the Federal Circuit back to the lower court. The parties have negotiated a stipulation by which the lower court can issue a new final judgment. Under this stipulation, the Court was to turn over funds deposited by Genesis to us. On July 22, 2005, Silicon Image filed a certification with the Court stating that the funds had been received by Silicon Image. On the same day, the Court issued an order dismissing Silicon Image’s lawsuit. Genesis filed a notice of appeal on August 16, 2005 and filed its opening appeal brief on October 24, 2005. Silicon Image has 40 days to file its opposition brief and Genesis will have 14 days from the filing of Silicon Image’s opposition brief to file a reply brief. After the conclusion of the briefing, the Federal Circuit will set a date for oral arguments and will notify the parties of the date.
To date, we have not received any unrestricted cash payments nor have we recognized any gain associated with the matter. If the MOU is upheld in its present form after all appeals have been exhausted the restrictions on the use of the cash payment will be lifted and additional cash amounts will be owed by Genesis to Silicon Image under the terms of the MOU. In addition, Genesis will be granted a royalty-bearing license for the right to use certain non-necessary patent claims referred to in the DVI Adopters Agreement. In addition, Genesis will be granted a royalty-bearing license for the right to use these claims as part of any HDMI implementation. Genesis will also be granted a royalty-bearing license to expand use of certain DVI- related patent claims to the consumer electronics marketplace. Through September 30, 2005, we have spent and expect to continue to incur significant legal costs until the matter is resolved.
On July 19, 2005 the Court sent $6.8 million to Silicon Image, which we have deposited in a segregated account, as required by court order, and will not use the funds until Genesis has exhausted all of its appeals. These funds were recorded as a long-term asset, identified as restricted cash, with a corresponding long-term liability. These funds will be recognized as other income once Genesis has exhausted their appeals and the litigation is deemed final.
Silicon Image, certain officers and directors, and Silicon Image’s underwriters have been named as defendants in a securities class action lawsuit captioned Gonzales v. Silicon Image, et al., No. 01 CV 10903 (SDNY 2001) pending in Federal District Court for the Southern District of New York. The lawsuit alleges that all defendants were part of a scheme to manipulate the price of Silicon Image’s stock in the aftermarket following Silicon Image’s initial public offering in October 1999. Response to the complaint and discovery in this action on behalf of Silicon Image and individual defendants has been stayed by order of the court. The lawsuit is proceeding as part of a coordinated action of over 300 such cases brought by plaintiffs in the Southern District of New York. Pursuant to a tolling agreement, individual defendants have been dropped from the suit for the time being. In February 2003, the Court denied motions to dismiss brought by the underwriters and certain issuers and ordered that the case may proceed against certain issuers including against Silicon Image. A proposed settlement has been negotiated and has received preliminary approval by the Court. In the event that the settlement is granted final approval, we do not expect it to have a material effect on our results of operations or financial position. This settlement will not require Silicon Image to pay any settlement amounts nor issue any securities. In the event that the settlement is not finally approved, we could not accurately predict the outcome of the litigation, but we intend to defend this matter vigorously.
Silicon Image and certain of its officers were named as defendants in a securities class action litigation captioned “Curry v. Silicon Image, Inc., Steve Tirado, and Robert Gargus, No. C05 00456 MMC”, commenced on January 31, 2005 and pending in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. Plaintiffs filed the action on behalf of a putative class of shareholders who purchased Silicon Image stock between October 19, 2004 and January 24, 2005. The lawsuit alleges that Silicon Image and certain of its officers and directors made alleged misstatements of material facts and violated certain provisions of Sections 20(a) and 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. On April 27, 2005, the Court issued an order
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appointing lead plaintiffs and approving the selection of lead counsel. On July 27, 2005, plaintiffs filed an amended consolidated complaint. The amended complaint no longer names Mr. Gargus as an individual defendant, but adds David Lee as an individual defendant. In accordance with the court’s scheduling order, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss on September 26, 2005, which motion is scheduled to be heard on January 13, 2006. Silicon Image intends to defend itself vigorously in this matter.
On January 14, 2005, we received a notification that the Securities and Exchange Commission had commenced a formal, private investigation involving trading in securities of Silicon Image. We are fully cooperating with the investigation.
In addition, we have been named as defendants in a number of judicial and administrative proceedings incidental to our business and may be named again from time to time. We intend to defend such matters vigorously, and although adverse decisions or settlements may occur in one or more of such cases, the final resolution of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial position.
Guarantees
Certain of our licensing agreements indemnify our customers for any expenses or liabilities resulting from claimed infringements of third party patents, trademarks or copyrights by our products. Certain of these indemnification provisions are perpetual from execution of the agreement and, in some instances, the maximum amount of potential future indemnification is not limited. To date, we have not paid any such claims or been required to defend any lawsuits with respect to any claim. However, there can be no assurance that such claims will not be filed in the future.
10. Customer and Geographic Information
Revenue by geographic area was as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Taiwan | | $ | 12,398 | | | $ | 10,742 | | | $ | 36,853 | | | $ | 33,717 | |
Japan | | | 14,359 | | | | 10,096 | | | | 30,410 | | | | 25,468 | |
United States | | | 14,645 | | | | 14,278 | | | | 41,999 | | | | 35,577 | |
Hong Kong | | | 1,854 | | | | 1,633 | | | | 4,973 | | | | 4,413 | |
Korea | | | 5,942 | | | | 1,770 | | | | 14,159 | | | | 5,343 | |
Other | | | 6,804 | | | | 9,349 | | | | 22,649 | | | | 22,569 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | $ | 56,002 | | | $ | 47,868 | | | $ | 151,043 | | | $ | 127,087 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue by product line was as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Consumer Electronics | | $ | 34,127 | | | $ | 26,987 | | | $ | 82,162 | | | $ | 60,519 | |
Storage | | | 9,707 | | | | 10,408 | | | | 32,744 | | | | 35,936 | |
Personal Computer | | | 12,168 | | | | 10,473 | | | | 36,137 | | | | 30,632 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | $ | 56,002 | | | $ | 47,868 | | | $ | 151,043 | | | $ | 127,087 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
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For the three months ended September 30, 2005, three customers each generated 15.2%, 12.2%, and 11.6% of our revenue respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, three customers each generated 17.3%, 10.9% and 10.2% of our revenue respectively. At September 30, 2005, one customer represented 15.9% of gross accounts receivable.
For the three months ended September 30, 2004, two customers each generated 15.7% and 13.1% of our revenue respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, two customers generated 13.9% and 12.3% of our revenue respectively. At September 30, 2004, three customers represented 18.2%, 12.7% and 12.2% of gross accounts receivable.
For each period presented, substantially all long-lived assets were located within the United States.
11. Provision for taxes
For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005, we recorded a provision for taxes of $5.8 million and $6.4 million, respectively. The effective tax rate was 36.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2005 due to the cumulative effective of an increase in the estimate of the annual effective tax rate from 2.9% to 14.7%. The change in the annual effective tax rate resulted from an increase in the Company’s estimated annual taxable income for 2005. The estimated effective tax rate also reflects the fact that a portion of the benefit of net operating loss carryforwards resulting from stock option transactions does not reduce the tax provision but rather is recorded as a credit to additional paid-in capital. During the three months ended September 30, 2005, additional paid-in capital increased by approximately $5.3 million as a result of the benefit from such net operating losses. The effective annual tax rate of 14.7% is comprised of 12.5% Federal, 1.8% State and .4% foreign. The effective Federal tax rate of 12.5% differs from the Federal statutory tax rate of 35% primarily due to the partial release of expected benefits from the utilization of net operating loss carryforwards.
The Company provided a valuation allowance of $71.6 million as of December 31, 2004 on 100% of its net deferred tax assets as management determined it was more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would not be realized. The Company continues to assess the recoverability of the deferred tax assets on an ongoing basis. If the Company subsequently concludes that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be recovered and, accordingly, reverses the valuation allowance, management expects that the effect of the reversal will principally be a credit to additional paid-in capital for the reasons described in the previous paragraph.
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12. Gain on investment security
In October 2000, as consideration for the transfer of certain technology to Leadis Technology Inc. (Leadis), a development stage privately controlled entity, we received 300,000 shares of preferred stock and a warrant to purchase 75,000 shares of Leadis’ common stock. Initially, these equity instruments were recorded at a nominal value due to the early stage of Leadis’ development and other uncertainties as to the realization of this investment.
During the quarter ended June 30, 2004, Leadis completed an initial public offering of its stock. In connection with the initial public offering, the preferred stock was converted into common stock on a 1:1 basis. As part of the original agreement, we were subject to a lock-up restriction that prevented us from selling or hedging any of the securities from our investment for a period of nine months ended December 2004. For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2004, we valued the warrant using the Black-Scholes model and recorded a gain of approximately $990,000.
In February 2005, we sold approximately 23,600 shares of our investment in Leadis at prices ranging from $7.40 to $7.50. These shares related to the warrant shares and consequently in connection with this sale, we recorded a loss of approximately $120,000 for the three-month period ended March 31, 2005. During the three month period ended June 30, 2005, we sold the remainder of our holding in Leadis at prices ranging from $5.38 to $6.06, and recorded a net realized gain of approximately $1.4 million.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties, including those identified in the section of thisForm 10-Q entitled “Factors Affecting Future Results,” that may cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in, or implied by, such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements within thisForm 10-Q are identified by words such as “believes,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “will” and other similar expressions. However, these words are not the only means of identifying such statements. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly release the results of any revisions to these forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect events or circumstances occurring subsequent to the filing of thisForm 10-Q with the SEC. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in, or implied by, forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including the risks outlined elsewhere in this report. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by Silicon Image, Inc. in this report and in our other reports filed with the SEC that attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business.
Overview
Silicon Image is a leader in multi-gigabit semiconductor solutions for the secure transmission, storage and display of rich digital media. Our mission is to be the leader in defining the architectures, intellectual property (IP) and semiconductor technology required to build secure digital content delivery systems. To ensure that rich digital content is always available on any device, consumer electronics (CE), personal computers (PC) and storage devices must be architected for content compatibility and interoperability.
Silicon Image’s strategy entails establishing industry-standard, high-speed digital interfaces and building market momentum and leadership through our first-to-market, standards-based integrated circuit (IC) products. We also utilize our strong intellectual property (IP) portfolio in our efforts to accelerate and broaden market adoption of the High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), Serial ATA (SATA), and Digital Visual Interface (DVI) technology interfaces by licensing our proven IP cores to other companies, providing advanced system-on-a-chip solutions incorporating these interfaces. In addition to creating revenue and return on engineering investment, we primarily license our IP in market segments we choose not to pursue with our semiconductor products, creating products complementary that expand the markets for our products and help to improve standards adoption, implementation and industry-wide interoperability.
We have leveraged our core technology and standards-setting expertise to drive the adoption of HDMI, which is becoming the digital interface standard for video applications in the consumer electronics market. Introduced in 2002, HDMI enables the distribution of uncompressed, high-definition video and multi-channel audio in a single, all-digital interface that dramatically improves quality and simplifies cabling. In addition to Silicon Image, the HDMI founders include leading consumer electronics manufacturers Hitachi Ltd. (Hitachi), Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. (MEI or Panasonic), Philips Consumer Electronics International B.V. (Philips), Sony Corporation (Sony), Thomson Multimedia, S.A. (Thomson or Thomson RCA) and Toshiba Corporation (Toshiba). Our HDMI technology is also marketed under the PanelLink(R) brand and can include High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP), which is supported by Hollywood studios as the technology of choice for the secure distribution of premium content over uncompressed digital connections. Silicon Image shipped the first HDMI-compliant silicon to the market and currently remains the market leader for HDMI functionality.
Products sold into the CE market have been increasing as a percentage of our total revenue and generated 55.8% and 50.3% of our total revenue for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005, respectively, compared to 46.5% and 39.0% of our total revenue for three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2004. Our CE products offer a secure interface for transmission of digital video and audio to consumer devices, such as digital TVs, HDTVs, A/V receivers, set top boxes (STBs), and DVD players. Demand for our products will be driven primarily by the adoption rate of the HDMI standard within these product categories.
In the storage market, Silicon Image has assumed a leadership role in SATA, a high-bandwidth, point-to-point interface that is replacing parallel ATA in desktop storage and making inroads in the enterprise arena. Silicon Image is a leading supplier of discrete SATA devices. Our SATALink(TM)-branded solutions offer advanced features and capabilities such as native command queuing, port multiplier capability and ATAPI support. Silicon Image also supplies high-performance, low-power fibre channel serializer/deserializers (SerDes) to leading switch manufacturers. Products sold into the storage market, as a percentage of our total revenue, generated 13.4% and 18.1% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively and 18.7% and 23.9% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively. In September 2004, Silicon Image introduced its first products based on its SteelVine(TM) storage architecture that is expected to serve the storage needs of the SMB and consumer electronics markets. Demand for our storage semiconductor products is dependent upon the rate at which interface technology transitions from parallel to serial, market acceptance of our SteelVine(TM) architecture, and the extent to which SATA
16
functionality is integrated into chipsets and controllers offered by other companies, which would make our discrete devices unnecessary where we have not already licensed our technology.
Silicon Image is a leader in the global PC and digital display arena with its innovative PanelLink-branded digital interconnect technology, which enables an all-digital connection between PC host systems, such as PC motherboards, graphics add-in boards, notebook PCs and digital displays such as LCD monitors, plasma displays and projectors. Silicon Image’s PanelLink technology serves as the basis for both the DVI standard as well as for the popular HDMI standard. Together, Silicon Image’s PanelLink DVI and HDMI solutions have shipped more than 125.0 million units to date. Products sold into the PC market generated 20.9% and 23.4% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively and 21.5% and 23.9% of our revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively.
We also pursue a strategy of licensing our intellectual property. This strategy is complementary to the sale of our products, further monetizes our valuable intellectual property and accelerates market adoption of our technologies. Most of our licenses include a field of use restriction that prevents most of our licensees from building a chip in direct competition with those market segments we have chosen to pursue. Revenue from development for licensees, licensing and royalties accounted for 9.9% and 8.25% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively and 13.4% and 13.2% of our total revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively. Licensing contracts are complex and depend upon many factors including completion of milestones, allocation of values to delivered items, and customer acceptances. Although we attempt to make these factors predictable, many of these factors require significant judgment. License revenue has been uneven and unpredictable over time, and is expected to continue to be uneven and unpredictable for the foreseeable future, resulting in considerable fluctuation in the amount of revenue recognized in a particular quarter.
Commitments, Contingencies and Concentrations
Historically, a relatively small number of customers and distributors have generated a significant portion of our revenue. For instance, our top five customers, including distributors, generated 56.6% and 52.6% of our revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively, and 50.2% and 46.7% of our revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively. Additionally, the percentage of revenue generated through distributors tends to be significant, since many OEM’s rely upon third party manufacturers or distributors to provide purchasing and inventory management functions. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, 50.9% and 49.9%, respectively, of our revenue was generated through distributors, compared to 46.9% and 43.6%, respectively, for the comparable period of 2004. Our licensing revenue is not generated through distributors, and to the extent licensing revenue increases faster than product revenue, we would expect a decrease in the percentage of our total revenue generated through distributors.
A significant portion of our revenue is generated from products sold overseas. Sales to customers in Asia, including distributors, generated 69.1% and 66.9% of our revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, and 67.0% and 68.0% for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2004. The reason for the geographical concentration in Asia is that most of our products are part of flat panel TV’s, graphic cards and motherboards, the majority of which are manufactured in Asia. The percentage of our revenue derived from any country is dependent upon where our end customers choose to manufacture their products. Accordingly, variability in our geographic revenue is not necessarily indicative of any geographic trends, but rather is the combined effect of new design wins and changes in customer manufacturing locations. All revenue to date has been denominated in U.S. dollars.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We base our estimates on historical experience and all known facts and circumstances that we believe are relevant. Actual results may differ materially from our estimates. We believe the following accounting policies to be most critical to an understanding of our financial condition and results of operations because they require us to make estimates, assumptions and judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain. Our critical accounting estimates include those regarding (1) revenue recognition, (2) allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, (3) inventories, (4) long-lived assets, (5) goodwill, (6) deferred tax assets, (7) accrued liabilities, (8) stock-based compensation expense, and (9) legal matters. For a discussion of the critical accounting estimates, see “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Critical Accounting Policies” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
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Results of Operations
REVENUE
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended September 30, | | | Nine months ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | Change | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | Change | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Product revenue | | $ | 50,443 | | | $ | 41,474 | | | | 21.6 | % | | $ | 138,574 | | | $ | 110,350 | | | | 25.6 | % |
Development, licensing and royalty revenue | | | 5,559 | | | | 6,394 | | | | -13.1 | % | | | 12,469 | | | | 16,737 | | | | -25.5 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | $ | 56,002 | | | $ | 47,868 | | | | 17.0 | % | | $ | 151,043 | | | $ | 127,087 | | | | 18.9 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended September 30, | | | Nine months ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | Change | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | Change | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Consumer Electronics | | $ | 34,127 | | | $ | 26,987 | | | | 26.5 | % | | $ | 82,162 | | | $ | 60,519 | | | | 35.8 | % |
Storage | | | 9,706 | | | | 10,408 | | | | -6.7 | % | | | 32,744 | | | | 35,936 | | | | -8.9 | % |
Personal Computers | | | 12,169 | | | | 10,473 | | | | 16.2 | % | | | 36,137 | | | | 30,632 | | | | 18.0 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue | | $ | 56,002 | | | $ | 47,868 | | | | 17.0 | % | | $ | 151,043 | | | $ | 127,087 | | | | 18.9 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total revenue was $56.0 million and $151.0 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005, respectively, representing an increase of 17.0% and 18.9%, relative to comparable periods of 2004. Revenue in Consumer Electronics and Personal Computers was up for both periods and was partially offset by lower sales of Storage products. The increase in Consumer Electronics revenue was due to continued strong demand for our HDMI receivers for use in various devices including high definition plasma and LCD televisions, which were partially offset by decreases in licensing related to Consumer Electronics. The increase in Personal Computers revenue reflects strong demand for our receivers used in flat panel displays. The primary reason for the decrease in Storage revenue was a decrease in sales of our higher end SATA products and the continued phase out of PATA products partially offset by an increase in storage licenses. The decrease in development, licensing and royalty revenue was due to the inherently uneven nature of our licensing revenue.
STOCK BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE (BENEFIT)
The following table summarizes the components of our stock compensation expense (benefit) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended September 30, | | | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | |
Options granted to employees | | $ | 4 | | | $ | 855 | | | $ | 260 | | | $ | 906 | |
Options granted to non-employees | | | 625 | | | | 1,454 | | | | 2,249 | | | | 4,220 | |
Option repricings | | | (2,233 | ) | | | (1,047 | ) | | | (12,508 | ) | | | 16,609 | |
Options assumed in connection with acquisitions | | | 157 | | | | 265 | | | | 526 | | | | 992 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Stock compensation expense (benefit) | | $ | (1,447 | ) | | $ | 1,527 | | | $ | (9,473 | ) | | $ | 22,727 | |
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In the table above, options granted to non-employees, and option repricings are significantly impacted by changes in our stock prices. Increases in our stock price generally have the effect of increasing the associated expense. Decreases in our stock price have the effect of decreasing the associated expense or increasing the associated benefit.
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COST OF REVENUE AND GROSS PROFIT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended September 30, | | | Nine months ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | Change | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | Change | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of revenue (1) | | $ | 20,868 | | | $ | 18,204 | | | $ | 2,664 | | | $ | 57,360 | | | $ | 50,414 | | | $ | 6,946 | |
Product gross profit (excluding licensing revenue) | | | 29,575 | | | | 23,270 | | | | 6,305 | | | | 81,214 | | | | 59,936 | | | | 21,278 | |
Product gross profit margin | | | 58.6 | % | | | 56.1 | % | | | | | | | 58.6 | % | | | 54.3 | % | | | | |
Total gross profit | | $ | 35,134 | | | $ | 29,664 | | | $ | 5,470 | | | $ | 93,683 | | | $ | 76,673 | | | $ | 17,010 | |
Total gross profit margin | | | 62.7 | % | | | 62.0 | % | | | | | | | 62.0 | % | | | 60.3 | % | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) Includes stock compensation expense (benefit) | | $ | (252 | ) | | $ | (110 | ) | | | | | | $ | (1,408 | ) | | $ | 1,890 | | | | | |
Cost of revenue consists primarily of costs incurred to manufacture, assemble and test our products, as well as other related overhead costs including stock compensation expense (benefit). Cost of revenue was $20.9 million and $18.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The $2.7 million increase in the three months ended September 30, 2005 over the comparable period of 2004 was primarily due to the higher volume and mix of our revenue. Cost of revenue was $57.4 million and $50.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Stock compensation benefit was $1.4 million in the first nine months of 2005 compared to a stock compensation expense of $1.9 million in the first nine months of 2004. The combination of higher sales volumes and sales mix also contributed to the change in cost of revenue.
Total gross profit was $35.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 an increase of $5.5 million from $29.7 million in the same period of 2004. Gross profit margin was 62.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 62.0% in the same period of 2004. The primary reason for the increase in the gross profit margin was sales volume and mix skewed to slightly higher margin products, offset by lower licensing revenue. Total gross profit was $93.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 an increase of $17.0 million from $76.7 million in the same period of 2004. Gross profit margin was 62.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared 60.3% in the same period of 2004. The increase in gross profit margin for the nine month period ended September 30, 2005 compared with the same period of the prior year was primarily due to lower stock compensation expense offset by a decrease in licensing revenue and erosion in our average selling prices and changes in sales mix.
OPERATING EXPENSES
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended September 30, | | | Nine months ended September 30, | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | Change | | | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | Change | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development (1) | | $ | 12,309 | | | $ | 12,180 | | | | 1.1 | % | | $ | 32,334 | | | $ | 45,223 | | | | -28.5 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Percentage of total revenue | | | 22.0 | % | | | 25.4 | % | | | | | | | 21.4 | % | | | 35.6 | % | | | | |
Selling, general and administrative (2) | | $ | 7,754 | | | $ | 9,028 | | | | -14.1 | % | | $ | 20,580 | | | $ | 31,009 | | | | -33.6 | % |
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Percentage of total revenue | | | 13.8 | % | | | 18.9 | % | | | | | | | 13.6 | % | | | 24.4 | % | | | | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | $ | 274 | | | $ | 357 | | | | -23.2 | % | | $ | 822 | | | $ | 1,070 | | | | -23.2 | % |
Interest income and other, net | | | 908 | | | | 211 | | | | 330.3 | % | | | 2,167 | | | | 399 | | | | 443.1 | % |
Gain (loss) on investment security | | | — | | | | (64 | ) | | | -100.0 | % | | | 1,263 | | | | 926 | | | | 36.4 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) Includes stock compensation expense (benefit) | | $ | (655 | ) | | $ | 595 | | | | | | | $ | (4,346 | ) | | $ | 11,584 | | | | | |
(2) Includes stock compensation expense (benefit) | | | (540 | ) | | | 1,042 | | | | | | | | (3,719 | ) | | | 9,253 | | | | | |
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Research and Development.R&D expense consists primarily of employee compensation, including stock compensation expense (benefit), and other related costs, fees for independent contractors, the cost of software tools used for designing and testing our products, and costs associated with prototype materials. R&D expense was $12.3 million and $12.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. R&D expense for the three months ended September 30, 2005 included a stock compensation benefit of $655,000 compared to a stock compensation expense of $595,000 for the same period in 2004. Offsetting the benefit from stock compensation in R&D expense for the three months ended September, 2005 were higher compensation expense resulting from increased staffing, and higher prototype expense reflecting increased R&D activity. R&D expense was $32.3 million and $45.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The stock compensation benefit was the key reason for the decrease in R&D expense when comparing the nine month periods, as a $4.3 million benefit was recorded in the 2005 period whereas there was a $11.6 million expense recorded in the 2004 period. Also included as R&D expense for the nine month period of 2005 was a benefit from a credit to expense of approximately $1.5 million related to engineering projects funded by an outside party, irrespective of the results of the projects. Additionally, compensation expense and prototype expenses were higher in the nine month period of 2005 reflecting increased headcount and R&D activity. R&D expense is expected to increase due to the development and introduction of new products.
Selling, General and Administrative. SG&A expense consists primarily of employee compensation, including stock compensation expense (benefit), sales commissions, professional fees, and marketing and promotional expenses. SG&A expense was $7.8 million and $9.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The stock compensation benefit of $540,000 in 2005 compared to a stock compensation expense of $1.0 million in 2004 was the primary reason for the decrease in overall SG&A expense when comparing the three month periods. SG&A expense was $20.6 million and $31.0 million for the nine months ended for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The primary reason for the decrease in the SG&A expense when comparing the nine month periods was also the stock compensation benefit of $3.7 million recorded for the nine month period of 2005 compared to the $9.3 million expense recorded in the 2004 period. Additional factors contributing to the change in SG&A expense for the nine months were higher compensation expense reflecting increased headcount, and higher commission expense resulting from higher sales. SG&A expense is expected to increase due to additional marketing and branding programs.
Amortization of Intangible Assets.Amortization of intangible assets was $274,000 and $822,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to $357,000 and $1.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively, pursuant to our acquisition of Transwarp Networks, Inc. during the second quarter of 2003.
Restructuring.During the third quarter of 2001, we began a program to focus our business on products and technology, including those obtained through acquisitions, in which we have, or believe we can achieve, a market leadership position. As part of this program, we decided to cancel numerous products under development, to remove certain projects from our development plan, to phase out or de-emphasize certain existing products and to integrate the operations of two acquired companies—CMD Technology and Silicon Communication Lab.
In connection with this program, during the third quarter of 2001 through the first quarter of 2003, we recorded restructuring expenses as a result of four workforce reductions by eliminating approximately 136 positions which consisted of both cash severance-related costs and non-cash severance-related costs representing the intrinsic value of modified stock options. In addition, restructuring expenses during this period were also a result of expected loss on leased facilities, fixed asset write-downs, impairment of goodwill, intangible assets and acquired technology offset by reversals of unearned compensation, a component of stockholders’ equity, for unvested stock options that were cancelled in connection with employee terminations.
Severance and benefits payments are substantially complete. Lease payments will be made in the form of cash through the end of the related lease term of November 2005. The following table presents restructuring activity for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 (in thousands):
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | | | | | 2004 | | | | | |
| | Severance and | | | Leased | | | | | | | Severance and | | | Leased | | | | |
| | Benefits | | | Facilities | | | Total | | | Benefits | | | Facilities | | | Total | |
Balance as of January 1 | | $ | 32 | | | $ | 1,004 | | | $ | 1,036 | | | $ | 37 | | | $ | 1,838 | | | $ | 1,875 | |
Cash payments | | | — | | | | (562 | ) | | | (562 | ) | | | (5 | ) | | | (569 | ) | | | (574 | ) |
Adjustment related to lease negotiation | | | — | | | | (220 | ) | | | (220 | ) | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance as of September 30 | | $ | 32 | | | $ | 222 | | | $ | 254 | | | $ | 32 | | | $ | 1,269 | | | $ | 1,301 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
In September 2005, we renegotiated a lease for a facility, which was identified in our restructuring program, that provided for an early termination. Accordingly, we recorded an adjustment of $220,000 to the restructuring accrual with an offsetting reduction to selling, general and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2005 resulting from this lease modification.
Interest Income and other, net.The net amount of interest income and other, which principally includes interest income and interest expense, was $908,000 and $2.2 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005, respectively, compared to $211,000 and $399,000 for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2004, respectively. This increase was primarily due to higher interest income resulting from larger cash and investment balances and higher interest rates in the periods ended September 30, 2005 than in the comparable periods of 2004.
Gain on investment security.During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we recorded a net gain of $1.3 million from the mark to market and subsequent sale of our holdings in Leadis Technology, Inc (Leadis). These holdings related to equity we acquired in a transaction with Leadis in 2001. In the three months ended September 30, 2004, we recorded a $64,000 loss from this investment. In the nine months ended September 30, 2004, we recorded a gain from this investment of $926,000. We fully liquidated our investment in Leadis in the three months ended June 30, 2005.
Provision for taxes. For the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005, we recorded a provision for taxes of $5.8 million and $6.4 million, respectively. The effective tax rate was 36.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2005 due to the cumulative effective of an increase in the estimate of the annual effective tax rate from 2.9% to 14.7%. The change in the annual effective tax rate resulted from an increase in the Company’s estimated annual taxable income for 2005. The estimated effective tax rate also reflects the fact that a portion of the benefit of net operating loss carryforwards resulting from stock option transactions does not reduce the tax provision but rather is recorded as a credit to additional paid-in capital. During the three months ended September 30, 2005, additional paid-in capital increased by approximately $5.3 million as a result of the benefit from such net operating losses. The effective annual tax rate of 14.7% is comprised of 12.5% Federal, 1.8% State and .4% foreign. The effective Federal tax rate of 12.5% differs from the Federal statutory tax rate of 35% primarily due to the partial release of expected benefits from the utilization of net operating loss carryforwards.
The Company provided a valuation allowance of $71.6 million as of December 31, 2004 on 100% of its net deferred tax assets as management determined it was more likely than not that the deferred tax assets would not be realized. The Company continues to assess the recoverability of the deferred tax assets on an ongoing basis. If the Company subsequently concludes that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be recovered and, accordingly, reverses the valuation allowance, management expects that the effect of the reversal will principally be a credit to additional paid-in capital for the reasons described in the previous paragraph. The Company does not believe that the effective tax rate and the provision for income taxes for 2005 are indicative of the amount of cash taxes the Company will actually pay.
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LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, | | | September 30, | | | | |
| | 2005 | | | 2004 | | | Change | |
| | (dollars in thousands) | | | | | |
Total cash, cash equivalents and short term investments | | $ | 134,118 | | | $ | 78,710 | | | $ | 55,408 | |
| | | | | | | | | |
|
Cash provided by operating activities | | $ | 37,247 | | | $ | 27,948 | | | $ | 9,254 | |
Cash provided by (used in) investing activities | | | (41,979 | ) | | | (3,616 | ) | | | (38,318 | ) |
Cash provided by financing activities | | | 10,111 | | | | 14,117 | | | | (4,006 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 5,379 | | | $ | 38,449 | | | $ | (33,070 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | |
Cash and Investments
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments were $134.1 million at September 30, 2005, an increase of $55.4 million from $78.7 million at December 31, 2004.
Operating Activities
We generated $37.2 million in cash from operating activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $27.9 in the same period of 2004. The major components of operating cash flow were the $37.0 million in net income, the change in accounts payable, and the add back of non-cash expenses such as depreciation and amortization. These items were partially offset by, among other items, the $9.5 million in non-cash benefit relating to stock compensation and the increase in accounts receivable.
Investing and Financing Activities
We used $42.0 million in cash in our investing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $3.6 million in the same period of 2004. This use of cash resulted from our purchases, net of the sale and maturity, of short term investments. Financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 consisted of cash inflow of $10.1 million principally from the proceeds from the exercise of stock options and proceeds from sales of shares under our employee stock purchase plan.
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Debt and Lease Obligations
During the three months ended March 31, 2003, we borrowed $383,000 to finance certain capital equipment. This term loan bore interest at 5% and required monthly payments through its maturity in February 2005. During the three-months ended March 31, 2005, this remaining balance on this loan was repaid in full. During the period ended March 31, 2004, we entered into an agreement to extend this debt facility by way of a revolving line of credit with an availability of up to $10.0 million, and an equipment line of credit of up to $3.0 million. Borrowings under the revolving line are limited to the lesser of $10.0 million or 80% of eligible accounts receivable as defined in the loan agreement and bore interest at either prime plus 0.25% or LIBOR plus 2.75%, at our option. This revolving line of credit expired in May 2005 and was not renewed.
In January 2005, we acquired certain capital equipment under a debt arrangement and as of September 30, 2005, the future debt obligations under this arrangement were approximately $80,000.
Future minimum payments for our operating leases, debt and inventory related purchase obligations outstanding at September 30, 2005 are as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Contractual obligations | | Total | | | Less than 1 year | | | 1-3 years | | | 3-5 years | | | More than 5 years | |
Debt and capital lease obligations | | $ | 364 | | | $ | 305 | | | $ | 59 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | |
Operating lease obligations (1) | | | 8,834 | | | | 2,190 | | | | 3,848 | | | | 2,796 | | | | — | |
Inventory purchase obligations | | | 9,771 | | | | 9,771 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total contractual obligations | | $ | 18,969 | | | $ | 12,266 | | | $ | 3,907 | | | $ | 2,796 | | | $ | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | Future minimum lease payments under operating leases have not been reduced by expected sublease rental income or by the amount of our restructuring accrual that relates to leased facilities. |
Based on our estimated cash flows, we believe our existing cash and short-term investments are sufficient to meet our capital and operating requirements for at least the next 12 months. Our future operating and capital requirements depend on many factors, including the levels at which we generate product revenue and related margins, the extent to which we generate cash through stock option exercises and proceeds from sales of shares under our employee stock purchase plan, the timing and extent of development, licensing and royalty revenue, investments in inventory and accounts receivable, the cost of securing access to adequate manufacturing capacity, our operating expenses, including legal and patent assertion costs, and general economic conditions. In addition, cash may be required for future acquisitions should we choose to pursue any. To the extent existing resources and cash from operations are insufficient to support our activities, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private equity or debt financing. These funds may not be available, or if available, we may not be able to obtain them on terms favorable to us.
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Factors Affecting Future Results
You should carefully consider the following risk factors, together with all other information contained or incorporated by reference in this filing, before you decide to purchase shares of our common stock. These factors could cause our future results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by forward-looking statements made by us. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also harm our business. The trading price of our common stock could decline due to any of these risks, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
We operate in rapidly evolving markets, which makes it difficult to evaluate our future prospects.
The revenue and income potential of our business and the markets we serve are early in their lifecycle and are difficult to predict. The Digital Visual Interface (DVI) specification, which is based on technology developed by us and used in many of our products, was first published in April 1999. We completed our first generation of consumer electronics and storage IC products in mid-to-late 2001. The preliminary serial ATA specification was first published in August 2001. The High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) specification was first released in December 2002. Our SteelVine storage architecture was first released in September 2004. Accordingly, we face risks and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in new and rapidly evolving markets. If we do not successfully address these risks and difficulties, our results of operations could be negatively effected.
We have a history of losses and may not sustain profitability.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, we generated net income of $9.9 and $37.0 million. However, prior to 2005, we have incurred net losses in each fiscal year since our inception. We incurred losses of $324,000 and $12.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly and are difficult to predict.
Our quarterly operating results are likely to vary significantly in the future based on a number of factors over which we have little or no control. These factors include, but are not limited to:
| • | | the growth, evolution and rate of adoption of industry standards for our key markets, including digital-ready PCs and displays, consumer electronics and storage devices and systems; |
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| • | | the fact that our licensing revenue is heavily dependent on a few key licensing transactions being completed for any given period, the timing of which is not always predictable and is especially susceptible to delay beyond the period in which completion is expected, and our concentrated dependence on a few licensees in any period for substantial portions of our expected licensing revenue and profits; |
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| • | | the fact that our licensing revenue has been uneven and unpredictable over time, and is expected to continue to be uneven and unpredictable for the foreseeable future, resulting in considerable fluctuation in the amount of revenue recognized in a particular quarter; |
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| • | | competitive pressures, such as the ability of competitors to successfully introduce products that are more cost-effective or that offer greater functionality than our products, including integration into their products of functionality offered by our products, the prices set by competitors for their products, and the potential for alliances, combinations, mergers and acquisitions among our competitors; |
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| • | | average selling prices of our products, which are influenced by competition and technological advancements, among other factors; |
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| • | | government regulations regarding the timing and extent to which digital content must be made available to consumers; |
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| • | | the availability of other semiconductors or other key components that are required to produce a complete solution for the customer; usually, we supply one of many necessary components; |
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| • | | the cost of components for our products and prices charged by the third parties who manufacture, assemble and test our products; |
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| • | | fluctuations in the price of our common stock, which drive a substantial portion of our stock compensation expense; and |
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| • | | the nature and extent of litigation activities, particularly relating to our patent infringement suit against Genesis Microchip, and |
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| • | | any subsequent legal proceedings related to the matters raised in that suit; and class action lawsuits against us that were initiated in early 2005; |
Because we have little or no control over these factors and/or their magnitude, our operating results are difficult to predict. Any substantial adverse change in any of these factors could negatively affect our business and results of operations.
Our future quarterly operating results are highly dependent upon how well we manage our business.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate based on how well we manage our business. Some of these factors include the following:
| • | | our ability to manage product introductions and transitions, develop necessary sales and marketing channels, and manage other matters necessary to enter new market segments; |
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| • | | our ability to successfully manage our business in multiple markets such as PC, storage and CE; which may involve additional research and development, marketing or other costs and expenses; |
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| • | | our ability to close licensing deals when expected and make timely deliverables and milestones on which recognition of revenue often depends; |
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| • | | our ability to engineer customer solutions that adhere to industry standards in a timely, and cost-effective manner; |
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| • | | our ability to achieve acceptable manufacturing yields and develop automated test programs within a reasonable time frame for our new products; |
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| • | | our ability to manage joint ventures and projects, design services, and our supply chain partners; |
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| • | | our ability to monitor the activities of our licensees to ensure compliance with license restrictions and remittance of royalties; |
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| • | | our ability to structure our organization to enable achievement of our operating objectives and to meet the needs of our customers and markets; |
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| • | | the success of the distribution and partner channels through which we choose to sell our products; and |
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| • | | our ability to manage expenses and inventory levels. |
If we fail to effectively manage our business, this could adversely affect our results of operations.
The licensing component of our business strategy increases business risk and volatility.
Part of our business strategy is to license certain of our Company’s technology to companies that address markets in which we do not want to directly participate. We signed our first license contract in December 2001 and have limited experience marketing and selling our technology on a licensing basis. There can be no assurance that additional companies will be interested in licensing our technology on commercially favorable terms or at all. We also cannot ensure that companies who license our technology will introduce and sell products incorporating our technology, will accurately report royalties owed to us, will pay agreed upon royalties, will honor agreed upon market restrictions, will not infringe upon or misappropriate our intellectual property and will maintain the confidentiality of our proprietary information. Licensing contracts are complex and depend upon many factors including completion of milestones, allocation of values to delivered items, and customer acceptances. Many of these factors require significant judgments. Licensing revenue could fluctuate significantly from period to period because they are heavily dependent on a few key deals being
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completed in a particular period, the timing of which is difficult to predict. Because of their high margin content, licensing revenue can have a disproportionate impact on gross profit and profitability. Also, generating revenue from licensing arrangements is a lengthy and complex process that may last beyond the period in which efforts begin, and once an agreement is in place, the timing of revenue recognition may be dependent on customer acceptance of deliverables, achievement of milestones, our ability to track and report progress on contracts, customer commercialization of the licensed technology, and other factors. In addition, in any period, our expectation of licensing revenue is or may be dependent on one or a few licenses being completed. Licensing that occurs in connection with actual or contemplated litigation is subject to risk that the adversarial nature of the transaction will induce non-compliance or non-payment. The accounting rules associated with recognizing revenue from licensing transactions are increasingly complex and subject to interpretation. Due to these factors, the amount of license revenue recognized in any period may differ significantly from our expectations.
We face intense competition in our markets, which may lead to reduced revenue from sales of our products and increased losses.
The PC, CE and storage markets in which we operate are intensely competitive. These markets are characterized by rapid technological change, evolving standards, short product life cycles and declining selling prices. We expect competition for many of our products to increase, as industry standards become widely adopted and as new competitors enter our markets.
Our products face competition from companies selling similar discrete products, and from companies selling products such as chipsets with integrated functionality. Our competitors include semiconductor companies that focus on the display, CE or storage markets, as well as major diversified semiconductor companies, and we expect that new competitors will enter our markets. Current or potential customers, including our own licensees, may also develop solutions that could compete with us, including solutions that integrate the functionality of our products into their solutions. In addition, potential OEM customers may have internal semiconductor capabilities, and may develop their own solutions for use in their products rather than purchasing them from companies such as us. Some of our competitors have already established supplier or joint development relationships with current or potential customers and may be able to leverage their existing relationships to discourage these customers from purchasing products from us or persuade them to replace our products with theirs. Many of our competitors have longer operating histories, greater presence in key markets, better name recognition, access to larger customer bases and significantly greater financial, sales and marketing, manufacturing, distribution, technical and other resources than we do As a result, they may be able to adapt more quickly to new or emerging technologies and customer requirements, or devote greater resources to the promotion and sale of their products. In particular, well-established semiconductor companies, such as Analog Devices, Intel, National Semiconductor and Texas Instruments, and consumer electronics manufacturers, such as Hitachi, Matsushita, Philips, Sony, Thomson and Toshiba, may compete against us in the future. Some of our competitors could merge, which may enhance their market presence. Existing or new competitors may also develop technologies that more effectively address our markets with products that offer enhanced features and functionality, lower power requirements, greater levels of integration or lower cost. Increased competition has resulted in, and is likely to continue to result in price reductions and loss of market share in certain markets. We cannot assure you that we can compete successfully against current or potential competitors, or that competition will not reduce our revenue and gross margins.
Our success depends in part on demand for our new SteelVine products.
Our growth depends in part on market acceptance of our new product offerings based on our SteelVine architecture. These products may not achieve the desired level of market acceptance in the anticipated timeframes. We anticipate that the products based upon our SteelVine architecture will be sold into markets where we have limited experience. Furthermore, there is no established market for these products. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully market and sell the products based upon the SteelVine architecture and failure to do so would adversely affect our business.
Our success depends in part on the success of our new integrated HDMI DTV products
Our future growth depends in part on the success of our highly integrated Digital TV System On a Chip solutions currently sampling in the market and which may or may not contribute significantly to our overall CE revenue. These products are subject to significant competition from established companies that have been selling these kinds of products for longer periods of time than Silicon Image.
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Demand for our consumer electronics products is dependent on the adoption and widespread use of the HDMI specification.
Our success in the consumer electronics market is largely dependent upon the rapid and widespread adoption of the HDMI specification, which combines high-definition video and multi-channel audio in one digital interface and uses our patented underlying transition minimized differential signaling (TMDS(R) ) technology, and optionally Intel’s HDCP technology, as the basis for the interface. Version 1.0 of the specification was published for adoption in December 2002 and version 1.1 of the specification was published for adoption in May 2004. We cannot predict the rate at which manufacturers will adopt the HDMI specification. Adoption of the HDMI specification may be affected by the availability of consumer products, such as DVD players and televisions, and of computer components that implement this new interface. Other competing specifications may also emerge that could adversely affect the acceptance of the HDMI specification. Delays in the widespread adoption of the HDMI specification could reduce acceptance of our products, limit or reduce our revenue growth and increase our losses.
We believe that the adoption of our CE products may be affected in part by U.S. and international regulations relating to digital television, cable, satellite and over-the-air digital transmissions, specifically regulations relating to the transition from analog to digital television. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has adopted rules governing the transition from analog to digital television, which include rules governing the requirements for television sets sold in the United States designed to speed the transition to digital television. The FCC has delayed such requirements and timetables for phasing in digital television in the past. We cannot predict whether the FCC will further delay its rules relating to the digital television requirements and timetables. In the event that additional regulatory activities, either in the United States or internationally, delay or postpone the transition to digital television beyond the anticipated time frame, that could reduce the demand for our CE products.
In addition, we believe that the rate of HDMI adoption may be accelerated by FCC rules requiring that after July 2005 high-definition STBs distributed by cable operators include a DVI or HDMI interface and that as of certain phase-in dates televisions marketed or labeled as “digital cable ready” include a DVI or HDMI interface. However, we cannot predict whether these rules will be amended prior to phase in or that their phase-in dates will not be pushed back or otherwise delayed. In the event that the phase-in dates are postponed or otherwise delayed the demand for our products could be reduced, which would adversely affect our business. In the event that mandatory use of a DVI or HDMI interface in STBs distributed by cable operators were to be delayed beyond the currently anticipated time frame or not required at all, that could reduce the demand for our CE products, which would adversely affect our business. In addition, we cannot guarantee that the FCC will not in the future reverse these rules or adopt rules requiring or supporting different interface technologies, either of which would adversely affect our business.
We believe that the adoption of HDMI may be affected by the availability of high-quality digital content to devices equipped with HDMI or DVI interfaces. Typically high quality digital content is made available to devices equipped with HDMI or DVI interfaces through high-definition television or digital television distribution channels. To the extent that the availability of such content is delayed or not made available by the content owners or broadcasters and distributors of such content then demand for HDMI products could be delayed or reduced.
Transmission of audio and video from source devices (such as a DVD player or STB) to sink devices (such as an HDTV) over HDMI with HDCP represents a combination of new technologies working in concert. Cable and satellite system operators are just beginning to require transmissions of digital video with HDCP between source and sink devices in consumer homes, and DVD players incorporating this technology have only recently come to market. Complexities with these technologies and the variability in implementations between manufacturers may cause some of these products to work incorrectly, or for the transmissions to not occur correctly, or for certain products not to be interoperable. Also, the user experience associated with audiovisual transmissions over HDMI with HDCP is unproven, and users may reject products incorporating these technologies or they may require more customer support than expected. Delays or difficulties in integration of these technologies into products or failure of products incorporating this technology to achieve market acceptance could have an adverse effect on our business.
Our success depends in part on strategic relationships.
We have entered into strategic partnerships with third parties. For example, we have entered into a relationship with Sunplus which includes licensing and development agreements. Under these agreements, Sunplus licenses our technology and we and Sunplus jointly develop products.
While these strategic partnerships are designed to drive revenue growth and adoption of our technologies and industry standards promulgated by us and also reduce our research and development expenses, there is no guarantee that these strategic partnerships will be successful. Negotiating and performing under these strategic partnerships involves significant time and expense; we may not realize anticipated increases in revenue, standards adoption or cost savings; and these strategic partnerships may make it easier for the third parties to compete with us; any of which may have a negative effect our business and results of operations.
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We do not have long-term commitments from our customers and we allocate resources based on our estimates of customer demand.
Substantially all of our sales are made on the basis of purchase orders, rather than long-term agreements. In addition, our customers may cancel or reschedule purchase orders. We purchase inventory components and build our products according to our estimates of customer demand. This process requires us to make multiple assumptions, including volume and timing of customer demand for each product, manufacturing yields and product quality. If we overestimate customer demand or product quality or under estimate manufacturing yields, we may build products that we may not be able to sell at an acceptable price or at all. As a result, we would have excess inventory, which would increase our losses. Additionally, if we underestimate customer demand or if sufficient manufacturing capacity is unavailable, we will forego revenue opportunities or incur significant costs for rapid increases in production, lose market share and damage our customer relationships.
Our lengthy sales cycle can result in a delay between incurring expenses and generating revenue, which could harm our operating results.
Because our products are based on new technology and standards, a lengthy sales process, typically requiring several months or more, is often required before potential customers begin the technical evaluation of our products. This technical evaluation can exceed nine months before the potential customer informs us whether we have achieved a design win, which is not a binding commitment to purchase our products. After achieving a design win, it can then be an additional nine months before a customer commences volume shipments of systems incorporating our products, if at all. Given our lengthy sales cycle, we may experience a delay between the time we incur expenditures and the time we generate revenue, if any. As a result, our operating results could be seriously harmed if a significant customer reduces or delays orders, or chooses not to release products incorporating our products.
We depend on a few key customers and the loss of any of them could significantly reduce our revenue.
Historically, a relatively small number of customers and distributors have generated a significant portion of our revenue. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, shipments to World Peace International, an Asian distributor, generated 15.2% and 17.3% of our revenue and shipments to Microtek, a distributor, generated 12.2% and 10.9% of our revenue. For the year ended December 31, 2004, shipments to World Peace International, generated 15.0% of our revenue, and shipments to Microtek generated 12.0% of our revenue. In addition, an end-customer may buy through multiple distributors, contract manufacturers, and/or directly, which could create an even greater concentration. We cannot be certain that customers and key distributors that have accounted for significant revenue in past periods, individually or as a group, will continue to sell our products and generate revenue. As a result of this concentration of our customers, our results of operations could be negatively affected if any of the following occurs:
• | | one or more of our customers, including distributors, becomes insolvent or goes out of business; |
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• | | one or more of our key customers or distributors significantly reduces, delays or cancels orders; or |
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• | | one or more significant customers selects products manufactured by one of our competitors for inclusion in their future product generations. |
Due to our participation in multiple markets, our customer base has broadened significantly and we therefore anticipate being less dependent on a relatively small number of customers to generate revenue. However, as product mix fluctuates from quarter to quarter, we may become more dependent on a small number of customers or a single customer for a significant portion of our revenue in a particular quarter, the loss of which could adversely affect our operating results.
We sell our products through distributors, which limits our direct interaction with our customers, therefore reducing our ability to forecast sales and increasing the complexity of our business.
Many original equipment manufacturers rely on third-party manufacturers or distributors to provide inventory management and purchasing functions. Distributors generated 50.9% and 49.9% of our revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, 45% of our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2004, and 42% of our revenue for the year ended December 31,2003. Selling through distributors reduces our ability to forecast sales and increases the complexity of our business, requiring us to:
| • | | manage a more complex supply chain; |
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| • | | monitor and manage the level of inventory of our products at each distributor; |
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| • | | estimate the impact of credits, return rights, price protection and unsold inventory at distributors; and |
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| • | | monitor the financial condition and credit-worthiness of our distributors, many of which are located outside of the United States, and the majority of which are not publicly traded; |
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| • | | Since we have limited ability to forecast inventory levels at our end customers, it is possible that there may be significant build-up of inventories in the retail channel, with the OEM or the OEM’s contract manufacturer. Such a buildup could result in a slowdown in orders, requests for returns from customers, or requests to move out planned shipments. This could adversely impact our revenue and profits. |
Any failure to manage these challenges could disrupt or reduce sales of our products and unfavorably impact our financial results.
Our success depends on the development and introduction of new products, which we may not be able to do in a timely manner because the process of developing high-speed semiconductor products is complex and costly.
The development of new products is highly complex, and we have experienced delays, some of which exceeded one year, in the development and introduction of new products on several occasions in the past. We have recently introduced new storage products for the consumer and small to medium business markets and we expect to introduce new consumer electronics, storage and PC products in the future. As our products integrate new, more advanced functions, they become more complex and increasingly difficult to design, manufacture and debug. Successful product development and introduction depends on a number of factors, including, but not limited to:
| • | | accurate prediction of market requirements and evolving standards, including enhancements or modifications to existing standards such as DVI, HDCP, SATA I and SATA II, and HDMI; |
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| • | | identification of customer needs where we can apply our innovation and skills to create new standards or areas for product differentiation that improve our overall competitiveness either in an existing market or in a new market; |
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| • | | development of advanced technologies and capabilities, and new products that satisfy customer requirements; |
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| • | | competitors’ and customers’ integration of the functionality of our products into their products, which puts pressure on us to continue to develop and introduce new products with new functionality; |
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| • | | timely completion and introduction of new product designs; |
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| • | | management of product life cycles; |
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| • | | use of leading-edge foundry processes and achievement of high manufacturing yields and low cost testing; and |
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| • | | market acceptance of new products; and |
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| • | | market acceptance of new architectures like SteelVine. |
Accomplishing all of this is extremely challenging, time-consuming and expensive and there is no assurance that we will succeed. Product development delays may result from unanticipated engineering complexities, changing market or competitive product requirements or specifications, difficulties in overcoming resource limitations, the inability to license third-party technology or other factors. Competitors and customers may integrate the functionality of our products into their products that would reduce demand for our products. If we are not able to develop and introduce our products successfully and in a timely manner, our costs could increase or our revenue could decrease, both of which would adversely affect our operating results. In addition, it is possible that we may experience delays in generating revenue from these products or that we may never generate revenue from these products. We must work with a semiconductor foundry and with potential customers to complete new product development and to validate manufacturing methods and processes to support volume production and potential re-work. Each of these steps may involve unanticipated difficulties, which could delay product introduction and reduce market acceptance of the product. In addition, these difficulties and the increasing
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complexity of our products may result in the introduction of products that contain defects or that do not perform as expected, which would harm our relationships with customers and our ability to achieve market acceptance of our new products. There can be no assurance that we will be able to achieve design wins for our planned new products, that we will be able to complete development of these products when anticipated, or that these products can be manufactured in commercial volumes at acceptable yields, or that any design wins will produce any revenue. Failure to develop and introduce new products, successfully and in a timely manner, may adversely affect our results of operations.
We have made acquisitions in the past and may make acquisitions in the future, if advisable, and these acquisitions involve numerous risks.
Our growth depends upon market growth and our ability to enhance our existing products and introduce new products on a timely basis. One of the ways we develop new products and enter new markets is through acquisitions. In 2001, we completed the acquisitions of CMD and SCL. In April 2003, we acquired TWN. We may acquire additional companies or technologies. Acquisitions involve numerous risks, including, but not limited to, the following:
| • | | difficulty and increased costs in assimilating employees, including our possible inability to keep and retain key employees of the acquired business; |
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| • | | disruption of our ongoing business; |
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| • | | discovery of undisclosed liabilities of the acquired companies and legal disputes with founders or shareholders of acquired companies; |
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| • | | inability to successfully incorporate acquired technology and operations into our business and maintain uniform standards, controls, policies and procedures; |
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| • | | inability to commercialize acquired technology; and |
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| • | | the need to take impairment charges or write-downs with respect to acquired assets. |
No assurance can be given that our prior acquisitions or our future acquisitions, if any, will be successful or provide the anticipated benefits, or that they will not adversely affect our business, operating results or financial condition. Failure to manage growth effectively and to successfully integrate acquisitions made by us could materially harm our business and operating results.
The cyclical nature of the semiconductor industry may create constrictions in our foundry, test and assembly capacity.
The semiconductor industry is characterized by significant downturns and wide fluctuations in supply and demand. This cyclicality has led to significant fluctuations in product demand and in the foundry, test and assembly capacity of third-party suppliers. Production capacity for fabricated semiconductors is subject to allocation, whereby not all of our production requirements would be met. This may impact our ability to meet demand and could also increase our production costs. Cyclicality has also accelerated decreases in average selling prices per unit. We may experience fluctuations in our future financial results because of changes in industry-wide conditions.
We depend on third-party sub-contractors to manufacture, assemble and test nearly all of our products, which reduce our control over the production process.
We do not own or operate a semiconductor fabrication facility. We rely on third party semiconductor manufacturing companies overseas to produce the vast majority all of our semiconductor products. We also rely on outside assembly and test services to test all of our semiconductor products. Our reliance on independent foundries, assembly and test facilities involves a number of significant risks, including, but not limited to:
| • | | reduced control over delivery schedules, quality assurance, manufacturing yields and production costs; |
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| • | | lack of guaranteed production capacity or product supply; |
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| • | | lack of availability of, or delayed access to, next-generation or key process technologies; and |
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| • | | limitations on our ability to transition to alternate sources if services are unavailable from primary suppliers. |
In addition, our semiconductor products are assembled and tested by several independent subcontractors. We do not have a long-term supply agreement with all of our subcontractors, and instead obtain production services on a purchase order basis. Our outside sub-contractors have no obligation to supply products to us for any specific period of time, in any specific quantity or at any specific price, except as set forth in a particular purchase order. Our requirements represent a small portion of the total production capacity of our outside foundries, assembly and test facilities and our sub-contractors may reallocate capacity to other customers even during periods of high demand for our products. These foundries may allocate or move production of our products to different foundries under their control, even in different locations, which may be time consuming, costly, and difficult, have an adverse affect on quality, yields, and costs, and require us and/or our customers to re-qualify the products, which could open up design wins to competition and result in the loss of design wins and design-ins. If our subcontractors are unable or unwilling to continue manufacturing our products in the required volumes, at acceptable quality, yields and costs, and in a timely manner, our business will be substantially harmed. As a result, we would have to identify and qualify substitute contractors, which would be time-consuming, costly and difficult. This qualification process may also require significant effort by our customers, and may lead to re-qualification of parts, opening up design wins to competition, and loss of design wins and design-ins. Any of these circumstances could substantially harm our business. In addition, if competition for foundry, assembly and test capacity increases, our product costs may increase and we may be required to pay significant amounts or make significant purchase commitments to secure access to production services.
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The complex nature of our production process, which can reduce yields and prevent identification of problems until well into the production cycle or, in some cases, after the product has been shipped.
The manufacture of semiconductors is a complex process, and it is often difficult for semiconductor foundries to achieve acceptable product yields. Product yields depend on both our product design and the manufacturing process technology unique to the semiconductor foundry. Since low yields may result from either design or process difficulties, identifying problems can often only occur well into the production cycle, when an actual product exists that can be analyzed and tested.
Further, we only test our products after they are assembled, as their high-speed nature makes earlier testing difficult and expensive. As a result, defects often are not discovered until after assembly. This could result in a substantial number of defective products being assembled and tested or shipped, thus lowering our yields and increasing our costs. These risks could result in product shortages or increased costs of assembling, testing or even replacing our products.
Although we test our products before shipment, they are complex and may contain defects and errors. In the past we have encountered defects and errors in our products. Because our products are sometimes integrated with products from other vendors, it can be difficult to identify the source of any particular problem. Delivery of products with defects or reliability, quality or compatibility problems, may damage our reputation and our ability to retain existing customers and attract new customers. In addition, product defects and errors could result in additional development costs, diversion of technical resources, delayed product shipments, increased product returns, warranty and product liability claims against us that may not be fully covered by insurance. Any of these circumstances could substantially harm our business.
We face foreign business, political and economic risks because a majority of our products and our customers’ products are manufactured and sold outside of the United States.
A substantial portion of our business is conducted outside of the United States. As a result, we are subject to foreign business, political and economic risks. Nearly all of our products are manufactured in Taiwan or elsewhere in Asia, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, 73.9% and 72.2% of our revenue, and for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, 72.0% and 74.0% of our revenue respectively was generated from customers and distributors located outside of the United States, primarily in Asia. We anticipate that sales outside of the United States will continue to account for a substantial portion of our revenue in future periods. Accordingly, we are subject to international risks, including, but not limited to:
| • | | difficulties in managing from afar; |
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| • | | political and economic instability, including international tension in Iraq, Korea and the China Strait and lack of normal diplomatic relationships between the United States and Taiwan; |
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| • | | less developed infrastructures in newly industrializing countries; |
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| • | | susceptibility of foreign areas to terrorist attacks; |
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| • | | susceptibility to interruptions of travel, including those due to international tensions (including the war in and occupation of Iraq), medical issues such as the SARS and Avian Flu epidemics (particularly affecting the Asian markets we serve), and the financial instability and bankruptcy of major air carriers; |
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| • | | bias against foreign, especially American, companies; |
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| • | | difficulties in collecting accounts receivable; |
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| • | | expense and difficulties in protecting our intellectual property in foreign jurisdictions; |
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| • | | difficulties in complying with multiple, conflicting and changing laws and regulations, including export requirements, tariffs, import duties, visa restrictions, environmental laws and other barriers; |
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| • | | exposure to possible litigation or claims in foreign jurisdictions; and |
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| • | | competition from foreign-based suppliers and the existence of protectionist laws and business practices that favor these suppliers, such as withholding taxes on payments made to us. |
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These risks could adversely affect our business and our results of operations. In addition, original equipment manufacturers that design our semiconductors into their products sell them outside of the United States. This exposes us indirectly to foreign risks. Because sales of our products are denominated exclusively in United States dollars, relative increases in the value of the United States dollar will increase the foreign currency price equivalent of our products, which could lead to a change in the competitive nature of these products in the marketplace. This in turn could lead to a reduction in sales and profits.
The success of our business depends upon our ability to adequately protect our intellectual property.
We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark, mask work and trade secret laws, as well as nondisclosure agreements and other methods, to protect our proprietary technologies. We have been issued patents and have a number of pending patent applications. However, we cannot assure you that any patents will be issued as a result of any applications or, if issued, that any claims allowed will protect our technology. In addition, we do not file patent applications on a worldwide basis, meaning we do not have patent protection in some jurisdictions. It may be possible for a third-party, including our licensees, to misappropriate our copyrighted material or trademarks. It is possible that existing or future patents may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented and effective patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret protection may be unavailable or limited in foreign countries. It may be possible for a third-party to copy or otherwise obtain and use our products or technology without authorization, develop similar technology independently or design around our patents in the United States and in other jurisdictions. It is also possible that some of our existing or new licensing relationships will enable other parties to use our intellectual property to compete against us. Legal actions to enforce intellectual property rights tend to be lengthy and expensive, and the outcome often is not predictable. As a result, despite our efforts and expenses, we may be unable to prevent others from infringing upon or misappropriating our intellectual property, which could harm our business. In addition, practicality also limits our assertion of intellectual property rights. Patent litigation is expensive and its results are often unpredictable. Assertion of intellectual property rights often results in counterclaims for perceived violations of the defendant’s intellectual property rights and/or antitrust claims. Certain parties after receipt of an assertion of infringement will cut off all commercial relationships with the party making the assertion, thus making assertions against suppliers, customers, and key business partners risky. If we forgo making such claims, we may run the risk of creating legal and equitable defenses for an infringer.
Our participation in the Digital Display Working Group requires us to license some of our intellectual property for free, which may make it easier for others to compete with us in the DVI PC market.
We are a promoter of the DDWG, which published and promotes the DVI specification. Our strategy includes establishing the DVI specification as the industry standard, promoting and enhancing this specification and developing and marketing products based on this specification and future enhancements. As a result:
| • | | we must license for free specific elements of our intellectual property to others for use in implementing the DVI specification; and |
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| • | | we may license additional intellectual property for free as the DDWG promotes enhancements to the DVI specification. |
Accordingly, companies that implement the DVI specification in their products can use specific elements of our intellectual property for free to compete with us.
Our participation as a founder in the working group developing HDMI requires us to license some of our intellectual property, which may make it easier for others to compete with us in the market.
In April 2002, together with Sony, Philips, Thomson, Toshiba, Matsushita and Hitachi, we announced the formation of a working group to define the next-generation digital interface specification for consumer electronics products. Version 1.0 of the specification was published for adoption on December 9, 2002. The HDMI specification combines high-definition video and multi-channel audio in one digital interface and uses Silicon Image’s patented underlying TMDS(R) technology, optionally, along with Intel’s HDCP as the basis for the interface. The founders of the working group have signed a founder’s agreement in which each commits to license certain intellectual property to each other, and to adopters of the specification.
Our strategy includes establishing the HDMI specification as the industry standard, promoting and enhancing this specification and developing and marketing products based on this specification and future enhancements. As a result:
| • | | we must license specific elements of our intellectual property to others for use in implementing the HDMI specification; and |
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| • | | we may license additional intellectual property as the HDMI founders group promotes enhancements to the HDMI specification. |
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Accordingly, companies that implement the HDMI specification in their products can use specific elements of our intellectual property to compete with us. Although there will be license fees and royalties associated with the adopters agreements, there can be no assurance that such license fees and royalties will adequately compensate us for having to license our intellectual property. Fees and royalties received during the early years of adoption will be used to cover costs we incur to promote the HDMI standard and to develop and perform interoperability tests; in addition, after an initial period, the HDMI founders may reallocate the license fees and royalties amongst themselves to reflect each founder’s relative contribution of intellectual property to the HDMI specification.
Our success depends on managing our relationship with Intel.
Intel has a dominant role in many of the markets in which we compete, such as PCs and storage, and is a growing presence in the CE market. We have a multi-faceted relationship with Intel that is complex and requires significant management attention, including:
| • | | Intel has been an investor of ours; |
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| • | | Intel and we have been parties to business cooperation agreements; |
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| • | | Intel and we are parties to a patent cross-license; |
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| • | | Intel and we worked together to develop HDCP; |
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| • | | an Intel subsidiary has the exclusive right to license HDCP, of which we are a licensee; |
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| • | | Intel and we were two of the promoters of the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG); |
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| • | | Intel is a promoter of the serial ATA working group, of which we are a contributor; |
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| • | | Intel is a supplier to us and a customer for our products; |
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| • | | we believe that Intel has the market presence to drive adoption of serial ATA by making them widely available in its chipsets and motherboards, which could affect demand for our products; |
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| • | | we believe that Intel has the market presence to affect adoption of HDMI by either endorsing complementary technology or promulgating a competing standard, which could affect demand for our products; |
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| • | | Intel may potentially integrate the functionality of our products, including Fibre Channel, Serial ATA, DVI, or HDMI into its own chips and chipsets, thereby displacing demand for some of our products; |
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| • | | Intel may design new technologies that would require us to re-design our products for compatibility, thus increasing our R&D expense and reducing our revenue; |
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| • | | Intel’s technology, including its 845G chipset, may lower barriers to entry for other parties who may enter the market and compete with us; and |
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| • | | Intel may enter into or continue relationships with our competitors that can put us at a relative disadvantage. |
Our cooperation and competition with Intel can lead to positive benefits, if managed effectively. If our relationship with Intel is not managed effectively, it could seriously harm our business, negatively affect our revenue, and increase our operating expenses.
We have granted Intel rights with respect to our intellectual property, which could allow Intel to develop products that compete with ours or otherwise reduce the value of our intellectual property.
We entered into a patent cross-license agreement with Intel in which each of us granted the other a license to use the patents filed by the grantor prior to a specified date, except for identified types of products. We believe that the scope of our license to Intel excludes our current products and anticipated future products. Intel could, however, exercise its rights under this agreement to use our patents to develop and market other products that compete with ours, without payment to us. Additionally, Intel’s rights to our patents could reduce the value of our patents to any third-party who otherwise might be interested in acquiring rights to use our patents in
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such products. Finally, Intel could endorse competing products, including a competing digital interface, or develop its own proprietary digital interface. Any of these actions could substantially harm our business and results of operations.
We are and may continue to become the target of securities class action suits and derivative suits which could result in substantial costs and divert management attention and resources.
Securities class action suits are often brought against companies, particularly technology companies, following periods of volatility in the market price of their securities. Defending against these suits, even if meritless, can result in substantial costs to us and could divert the attention of our management. We and certain of our officers and directors, together with certain investment banks, have been named as defendants in a securities class action suit filed against us on behalf of purchasers of our securities between October 5, 1999 and December 6, 2000. It is alleged that the prospectus related to our initial public offering was misleading because it failed to disclose that the underwriters of our initial public offering had solicited and received excessive commissions from certain investors in exchange for agreements by investors to buy our shares in the aftermarket for predetermined prices. Due to inherent uncertainties in litigation, we cannot accurately predict the outcome of this litigation; however, a proposed settlement has been negotiated and has received preliminary approval by the Court. This settlement will not require Silicon Image to pay any settlement amounts nor issue any securities. In the event that the settlement is not granted final approval, we believe that these claims are without merit and we intend to defend vigorously against them. We and certain of our officers, together with certain investment banks and their current or former employees, were named as defendants in a securities class action suit filed against us on behalf of a putative class of shareholders who purchased stock from some or all of approximately 50 issuers whose public offerings were underwritten by Credit Suisse First Boston. The lawsuit alleges that Silicon Image and certain officers were part of a scheme by Credit Suisse First Boston to artificially inflate the price of Silicon Image’s stock through the dissemination of allegedly false analysts’ reports. The plaintiff in this matter has filed an amended complaint in which Silicon Image, and the named officers, were dropped as defendants. We believe that the settlement described above, if approved, would encompass the claims in this case. We believe that these claims were without merit and, if revived, and not subject to the settlement, we intend to defend vigorously against them.
Silicon Image and certain of its officers were named as defendants in a securities class action litigation captioned “Curry v. Silicon Image, Inc., Steve Tirado, and Robert Gargus, No. C05 00456 MMC”, commenced on January 31, 2005 and pending in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. Plaintiffs filed the action on behalf of a putative class of shareholders who purchased Silicon Image stock between October 19, 2004 and January 24, 2005. The lawsuit alleges that Silicon Image and certain of its officers and directors made alleged misstatements of material facts and violated certain provisions of Sections 20(a) and 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. On April 27, 2005, the Court issued an order appointing lead plaintiffs and approving the selection of lead counsel. On July 27, 2005, plaintiffs filed an amended consolidated complaint. The amended complaint no longer names Mr. Gargus as an individual defendant, but adds David Lee as an individual defendant. In accordance with the court’s scheduling order, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss on September 26, 2005, which motion is scheduled to be heard on January 13, 2006. Silicon Image intends to defend itself vigorously in this matter.
We are currently engaged in intellectual property litigation that is time-consuming and expensive to prosecute. We may become engaged in additional intellectual property litigation that could be time- consuming, may be expensive to prosecute or defend, and could adversely affect our ability to sell our product.
In recent years, there has been significant litigation in the United States and in other jurisdictions involving patents and other intellectual property rights. This litigation is particularly prevalent in the semiconductor industry, in which a number of companies aggressively use their patent portfolios to bring infringement claims. In addition, in recent years, there has been an increase in the filing of so-called “nuisance suits,” alleging infringement of intellectual property rights. These claims may be asserted as counterclaims in response to claims made by a company alleging infringement of intellectual property rights. These suits pressure defendants into entering settlement arrangements to quickly dispose of such suits, regardless of merit. In addition, as is common in the semiconductor industry, from time to time we have been notified that we may be infringing certain patents or other intellectual property rights of others. Responding to such claims, regardless of their merit, can be time consuming, result in costly litigation, divert management’s attention and resources and cause us to incur significant expenses. As each claim is evaluated, we may consider the desirability of entering into settlement or licensing agreements. No assurance can be given that settlements will occur or that licenses can be obtained on acceptable terms or that litigation will not occur. In the event there is a temporary or permanent injunction entered prohibiting us from marketing or selling certain of our products, or a successful claim of infringement against us requiring us to pay damages or royalties to a third-party, and we fail to develop or license a substitute technology, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
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On April 24, 2001, we filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia against Genesis Microchip Corp. and Genesis Microchip, Inc. (collectively, “Genesis”) for infringement of our U.S. patent number 5,905,769 (USDC E.D. Virginia Civil Action No.: CA-01-266-R) (the “Federal Suit”). On April 24, 2001, we also filed a complaint against Genesis with the International Trade Commission of the United States government (ITC) for unlawful trade practices related to the importation of articles infringing our patent (the “ITC investigation”). The actions sought injunctions to halt the importation, sale, manufacture and use of Genesis DVI receiver chips that infringe our patent, and monetary damages. We voluntarily moved to dismiss the ITC investigation, with notice that we would proceed directly in the Federal Suit. Our motion to dismiss was granted on February 7, 2002. We filed an amended complaint in the Federal Suit as of February 28, 2002, adding a claim for infringement of our U.S. patent number 5,974,464. In April 2002, Genesis answered and made counterclaims against us for non-infringement, license, patent invalidity, fraud, antitrust, unfair competition and patent misuse. Also in April 2002, we filed a motion to dismiss certain of Genesis’s counterclaims. In addition, we filed a motion to bifurcate trial of the counterclaims to the extent the court did not dismiss them. In May 2002, the Court granted our motion to dismiss certain of the counterclaims, with leave to amend. Genesis re-filed counterclaims against us for fraud and patent misuse. We filed another motion to dismiss these counterclaims, which the Court granted with prejudice on August 6, 2002. In December 2002, the parties entered into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to settle the case. When the parties failed to reach agreement on a final, definitive agreement as required by the MOU, in January 2003, the parties filed motions with the Court to enforce their respective interpretations of the MOU. On July 15, 2003, the Court granted our motion to interpret the MOU in the manner we requested, and ruled that Genesis had engaged in efforts to avoid its obligations under the MOU. On August 6, 2003, the Court entered a final judgment based on its July 15, 2003 ruling. Under the final judgment order, Genesis was ordered to make a substantial cash payment, and to make royalty payments; although Genesis has made a cash payment to the Court, it has not made all the payments that are required under the final judgment order. We filed motions for reimbursement of some of our expenses, including some of our legal fees, and for modification and/or clarification of certain items of the judgment, and to hold Genesis in contempt of Court for breaching the protective order in the case by disclosing secret information to at least one of our competitors. On December 19, 2003, the Court granted our motions in part and denied them in part: the court issued an amended judgment, and held Genesis in contempt of Court for breaching the protective order. Under the amended judgment, Genesis was ordered to make a substantial cash payment, royalty payments, and interest; although Genesis has made certain cash payments to the Court, it has not made all the payments that are required under the amended judgment. On January 16, 2004, Genesis filed a notice of appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. On August 26, 2004, the parties completed the filing of their respective appeal briefs. After a hearing, the Federal Circuit dismissed Genesis’ appeal for lack of jurisdiction. The Federal Circuit held that the lower court’s order, which was based on the parties’ agreement to settle the case, was not “final” and appealable. The case was remanded by the Federal Circuit back to the lower court. The parties have negotiated a stipulation by which the lower court can issue a new final judgment. Under this stipulation, the Court will turn over funds deposited by Genesis to us. On July 19, 2005 the Court sent $6.8 million to Silicon Image, which we have deposited in a segregated account and will not use until Genesis has exhausted all of its appeals. On July 22, 2005, Silicon Image filed a certification with the Court stating that the funds had been received by Silicon Image. On the same day, the Court issued an order dismissing Silicon Image’s lawsuit. Genesis filed a notice of appeal on August 16, 2005 and filed its opening appeal brief on October 24, 2005. Silicon Image has 40 days to file its opposition brief and Genesis will have 14 days from the filing of Silicon Image’s opposition brief to file a reply brief. After the conclusion of the briefing, the Federal Circuit will set a date for oral arguments and will notify the parties of the date.
To date, we have not received any unrestricted cash payments nor have we recognized any gain associated with the matter. If the MOU is upheld in its present form after all appeals have been exhausted the restrictions on the use of the cash payment will be lifted and additional cash amounts will be owed by Genesis to Silicon Image under the terms of the MOU. In addition, Genesis will be granted a royalty-bearing license for the right to use certain non-necessary patent claims referred to in the DVI Adopters Agreement. In addition, Genesis will be granted a royalty-bearing license for the right to use these claims as part of any HDMI implementation. Genesis will also be granted a royalty-bearing license to expand use of certain DVI- related patent claims to the consumer electronics marketplace. Through September 30, 2005, we have spent and expect to continue to incur significant legal costs until the matter is resolved.
Any potential intellectual property litigation against us could also force us to do one or more of the following:
| • | | stop selling products or using technology that contains the allegedly infringing intellectual property; |
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| • | | attempt to obtain a license to the relevant intellectual property, which license may not be available on reasonable terms or at all; and |
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| • | | attempt to redesign products that contain the allegedly infringing intellectual property. |
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If we take any of these actions, we may be unable to manufacture and sell our products. We may be exposed to liability for monetary damages, the extent of which would be very difficult to accurately predict. In addition, we may be exposed to customer claims, for potential indemnity obligations, and to customer dissatisfaction and a discontinuance of purchases of our products while the litigation is pending. Any of these consequences could substantially harm our business and results of operations.
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We have entered into, and may again be required to enter into, patent or other intellectual property cross-licenses.
Many companies have significant patent portfolios or key specific patents, or other intellectual property in areas in which we compete. Many of these companies appear to have policies of imposing cross-licenses on other participants in their markets, which may include areas in which we compete. As a result, we have been required, either under pressure of litigation or by significant vendors or customers, to enter into cross licenses or non-assertion agreements relating to patents or other intellectual property. This permits the cross-licensee, or beneficiary of a non-assertion agreement, to use certain or all of our patents and/or certain other intellectual property for free to compete with us.
We must attract and retain qualified personnel to be successful, and competition for qualified personnel is increasing in our market.
Our success depends to a significant extent upon the continued contributions of our key management, technical and sales personnel, many of who would be difficult to replace. The loss of one or more of these employees could harm our business. Although we have entered into a limited number of employment contracts with certain executive officers, we generally do not have employment contracts with our key employees. We do not have key person life insurance for any of our key personnel. Our success also depends on our ability to identify, attract and retain qualified technical, sales, marketing, finance and managerial personnel. Competition for qualified personnel is particularly intense in our industry and in our location. This makes it difficult to retain our key personnel and to recruit highly qualified personnel. We have experienced, and may continue to experience, difficulty in hiring and retaining candidates with appropriate qualifications. To be successful, we need to hire candidates with appropriate qualifications and retain our key executives and employees. Replacing departing executive officers and key employees can involve organizational disruption and uncertain timing.
The volatility of our stock price has had an impact on our ability to offer competitive equity-based incentives to current and prospective employees, thereby affecting our ability to attract and retain highly qualified technical personnel. If these adverse conditions continue, we may not be able to hire or retain highly qualified employees in the future and this could harm our business. In addition, regulations adopted by The NASDAQ National Market requiring shareholder approval for all stock option plans, as well as regulations adopted by the New York Stock Exchange prohibiting NYSE member organizations from giving a proxy to vote on equity compensation plans unless the beneficial owner of the shares has given voting instructions, could make it more difficult for us to grant options to employees in the future. In addition, a new accounting pronouncement, which comes into effect on January 1, 2006, will require us to record compensation expense for options granted to employees. To the extent that new regulations make it more difficult or expensive to grant options to employees, we may incur increased cash compensation costs or find it difficult to attract, retain and motivate employees, either of which could harm our business.
We use contractors to provide services to the Company, which often involves contractual complexity, tax and employment law compliance, and being subject to audits and other governmental actions. We have been audited for our contracting policies in the past, and may be in the future. Burdening our ability to freely use contractors to provide services to the Company may increase the expense of obtaining such services, and/or require us to discontinue using contractors and attempt to find, interview, and hire employees to provide similar services. Such potential employees may not be available in a reasonable time, or at all, or may not be hired without undue cost.
We have experienced transitions in our management team, our board of directors and our independent registered public accounting firm in the past and may continue to do so in the future.
We have experienced a number of transitions with respect to our board of directors, executive officers, and our independent registered public accounting firm in recent quarters, including the following:
| • | | In April 2004, Steve Tirado moved from the position of president and Chief Operating Officer to division president of storage group, Jaime Garcia-Meza moved from the position of vice president of worldwide sales to vice president of sales and marketing for storage platforms, Rob Valiton was appointed as vice president of worldwide sales, and Chris Paisley was appointed to the board of directors |
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| • | | In August 2004, we announced that Robert C. Gargus planned to retire from the position of chief financial officer and Dale Brown, the controller, was appointed as chief accounting officer. |
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| • | | In September 2004, Parviz Khodi, the vice president, PC/display products, passed away unexpectedly and his duties were subsequently assumed by John LeMoncheck, the vice president, CE products and Patrick Reutens was appointed as chief legal officer. |
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| • | | In November 2004, David Lee resigned from the positions of chief executive officer and president, Steve Laub was appointed as chief executive officer and president and to the board of directors as well, and Andrew Rappaport and Douglas Spreng resigned from the board of directors. |
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| • | | In January 2005, Steve Laub resigned from the positions of chief executive officer and president and from the board of directors, Steve Tirado was appointed as chief executive officer and president and to the board as well, and Chris Paisley was appointed chairman of the board of directors. |
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| • | | In February 2005, Jaime Garcia-Meza was appointed as vice president of our storage business. |
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| • | | In April 2005, Robert C. Gargus retired from the position of chief financial officer and Darrel Slack was appointed as his successor. |
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| • | | In April 2005, four of our independent outside directors, David Courtney (Chairman of the Audit Committee), Keith McAuliffe, Chris Paisley (Chairman of the Board) and Richard Sanquini, resigned from our Board of Directors and Board committees. |
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| • | | In April 2005, Darrel Slack, our chief financial officer, was elected to our Board of Directors. |
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| • | | In May 2005, Masood Jabbar and Peter Hanelt were elected to our Board of Directors. |
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| • | | In June 2005, David Lee did not stand for re-election at our annual meeting of stockholders, and accordingly, Dr. Lee resigned from our Board of Directors. |
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| • | | In June 2005, Pricewaterhouse Coopers LLP, our independent accountant, resigned as our auditor. In July 2005, we appointed Deloitte & Touche LLP as our new independent auditor. |
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| • | | In August 2005, Darrel Slack began a personal leave of absence. |
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| • | | In August 2005, Dale Brown resigned from the positions of chief accounting officer and corporate controller. |
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| • | | In August 2005, Robert Freeman was appointed as interim chief financial officer and chief accounting officer . |
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| • | | In September 2005, Darrel Slack resigned from the position of chief financial officer and from our Board of Directors and the Board of Directors of HDMI Licensing, LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiary. |
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| • | | In October 2005, William George was elected to our Board of Directors. |
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| • | | In October 2005, Robert Bagheri resigned from the position of executive vice president of operations. |
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| • | | In October 2005, Ahmad Ghaemmaghami was appointed as interim executive vice president of operations. |
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| • | | In October 2005, John LeMoncheck, vice president, consumer electronics and PC/display, left the company. |
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| • | | In October 2005, John Shin was appointed as interim vice president, consumer electronics and PC/display. |
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| • | | In November 2005, Robert Freeman’s position changed from interim chief financial officer to chief financial officer. |
Such past and future transitions may continue to result in disruptions in our operations and require additional costs.
Industry cycles may strain our management and resources.
Cycles of growth and contraction in our industry may strain our management and resources. To manage these industry cycles effectively, we must:
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| • | | improve operational and financial systems; |
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| • | | train and manage our employee base; |
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| • | | successfully integrate operations and employees of businesses we acquire or have acquired; |
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| • | | attract, develop, motivate and retain qualified personnel with relevant experience; and |
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| • | | adjust spending levels according to prevailing market conditions. |
If we cannot manage industry cycles effectively, our business could be seriously harmed.
Our operations and the operations of our significant customers, third-party wafer foundries and third-party assembly and test subcontractors are located in areas susceptible to natural disasters.
Our operations are headquartered in the San Francisco Bay Area, which is susceptible to earthquakes, and the operations of CMD, which we acquired, are based in the Los Angeles area, which is also susceptible to earthquakes. TSMC, the outside foundry that produces the majority of our semiconductor products, is located in Taiwan. Advanced Semiconductor Engineering, or ASE, one of the subcontractors that assembles and tests our semiconductor products, is also located in Taiwan.
Both Taiwan and Japan are susceptible to earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters.
Our business would be negatively affected if any of the following occurred:
| • | | an earthquake or other disaster in the San Francisco Bay Area or the Los Angeles area damaged our facilities or disrupted the supply of water or electricity to our headquarters or our Irvine facility; |
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| • | | an earthquake, typhoon or other disaster in Taiwan or Japan resulted in shortages of water, electricity or transportation, limiting the production capacity of our outside foundries or the ability of ASE to provide assembly and test services; |
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| • | | an earthquake, typhoon or other disaster in Taiwan or Japan damaged the facilities or equipment of our customers and distributors, resulting in reduced purchases of our products; or |
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| • | | an earthquake, typhoon or other disaster in Taiwan or Japan disrupted the operations of suppliers to our Taiwanese or Japanese customers, outside foundries or ASE, which in turn disrupted the operations of these customers, foundries or ASE and resulted in reduced purchases of our products or shortages in our product supply. |
Changes in environmental rules and regulations could increase our costs and reduce our revenue.
Several jurisdictions are considering whether to implement rules that would require that certain products, including semiconductors, be made lead-free. We anticipate that some jurisdictions may finalize and enact such requirements. Some jurisdictions are also considering whether to require abatement or disposal obligations for products made prior to the enactment of any such rules. Although several of our products are available to customers in a lead-free condition, most of our products are not lead-free. Any requirement that would prevent or burden the development, manufacture or sales of lead-containing semiconductors would likely reduce our revenue for such products and would require us to incur costs to develop substitute lead-free replacement products, which may take time and may not always be economically or technically feasible, and may require disposal of non-compliant inventory. In addition, any requirement to dispose or abate previously sold products would require us to incur the costs of setting up and implementing such a program.
Provisions of our charter documents and Delaware law could prevent or delay a change in control, and may reduce the market price of our common stock.
Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage, delay or prevent a merger or acquisition that a stockholder may consider favorable. These provisions include:
| • | | authorizing the issuance of preferred stock without stockholder approval; |
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| • | | providing for a classified board of directors with staggered, three-year terms; |
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| • | | requiring advance notice of stockholder nominations for the board of directors; |
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| • | | providing the board of directors the opportunity to expand the number of directors without notice to stockholders; |
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| • | | prohibiting cumulative voting in the election of directors; |
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| • | | requiring super-majority voting to amend some provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws; |
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| • | | limiting the persons who may call special meetings of stockholders; and |
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| • | | prohibiting stockholder actions by written consent. |
Provisions of Delaware law also may discourage, delay or prevent someone from acquiring or merging with us.
The price of our stock fluctuates substantially and may continue to do so.
The stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have affected the market valuation of many technology companies, including Silicon Image. These factors, as well as general economic and political conditions, may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock in the future. The market price of our common stock has fluctuated significantly and may continue to fluctuate in response to a number of factors, including, but not limited to:
| • | | actual or anticipated changes in our operating results; |
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| • | | changes in expectations of our future financial performance; |
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| • | | changes in market valuations of comparable companies in our markets; |
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| • | | changes in market valuations or expectations of future financial performance of our vendors or customers; |
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| • | | changes in our key executives and technical personnel; and |
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| • | | announcements by us or our competitors of significant technical innovations, design wins, contracts, standards or acquisitions. |
Due to these factors, the price of our stock may decline. In addition, the stock market experiences volatility that is often unrelated to the performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may cause our stock price to decline regardless of our performance.
Continued terrorist attacks or war could lead to further economic instability and adversely affect our operations, results of operations and stock price.
The United States has taken, and continues to take, military action against terrorism and has engaged in war with Iraq and currently has an occupation force there and in Afghanistan. In addition, the current nuclear arms crises in North Korea and Iran could escalate into armed hostilities or war. Acts of terrorism or armed hostilities may disrupt or result in instability in the general economy and financial markets and in consumer demand for the OEM’s products that incorporate our products. Disruptions and instability in the general economy could reduce demand for our products or disrupt the operations of our customers, suppliers, distributors and contractors, many of whom are located in Asia, which would in turn adversely affect our operations and results of operations. Disruptions and instability in financial markets could adversely affect our stock price. Armed hostilities or war in South Korea could disrupt the operations of the research and development contractors we utilize there, which would adversely affect our research and development capabilities and ability to timely develop and introduce new products and product improvements.
We indemnify certain of our licensing customers against infringement.
We indemnify certain of our licensing agreements customers for any expenses or liabilities resulting from third-party claims of infringements of patent, trademark, trade secret, or copyright rights by the technology we license. Certain of these indemnification provisions are perpetual from execution of the agreement and, in some instances; the maximum amount of potential future indemnification is not limited. To date, we have not paid any such claims or been required to defend any lawsuits with respect to any
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claim. In the event that we were required to defend any lawsuits with respect to our indemnification obligations, or to pay any claim, our results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk
Our cash equivalents and short-term investments consist primarily of fixed-income securities that are subject to interest rate risk and will decline in value if interest rates increase. Due to the short duration of our cash equivalents and short-term investments, an immediate 10% change in interest rates would not be expected to have a material effect on our near-term results of operations or financial condition. Our long-term capital lease obligations bear interest at fixed rates; therefore, our results of operations would not be affected by immediate changes in interest rates. Also, components of our stock compensation expense are tied to our stock price. Changes in our stock price can have a significant affect on the amount recorded as stock compensation expense.
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Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
All of our sales are denominated in U.S. dollars, and substantially all of our expenses are incurred in U.S. dollars, thus limiting our exposure to foreign currency exchange risk. We currently do not enter into forward exchange contracts to hedge exposures denominated in foreign currencies and do not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The effect of an immediate 10% change in foreign currency exchange rates should not have a material effect on our future operating results or cash flows; however, a long term change in foreign currency rates would likely result in increased wafer, packaging, assembly or testing costs.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
(a) Evaluation of Controls and Procedures.For the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule13a-15(e). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report were ineffective as of the end of the period covered by this report due solely to the assessment of the material weakness described below.
(b) Changes in Internal Controls. There have not been any changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) during the third quarter of our 2005 fiscal year that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting except as described below.
A material weakness is a control deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected.
On April 25, 2005, four of the five independent members of our board of directors resigned, leaving our audit committee with only one member, who was not a financial expert as defined by Nasdaq or an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the rules of the SEC. Due to the vacancies on the board and its audit committee created by these resignations, we failed to comply with the Marketplace Rules of Nasdaq and rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) requiring that the audit committee consist of three independent directors and that one of the three audit committee members meet the financial sophistication requirement of the Marketplace Rules and be a “audit committee financial expert”, as defined by the rules of the SEC. The fact that our Audit Committee consisted of only one member, who is not a financial expert as defined by Nasdaq or an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the rules of the SEC, limited the ability of the audit committee to provide effective oversight over our internal control over financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements for external purposes in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). Accordingly, management concluded that this control deficiency constituted a material weakness.
Effective as of May 15, 2005, our board of directors elected Masood Jabbar as a new member of the board, and effective as of May 18, 2005, our board of directors elected Peter Hanelt as a new member of the board. Mr. Jabbar and Mr. Hanelt both became members of the audit committee, and Mr. Hanelt was appointed chairman of the audit committee. As a result, our audit committee now complies with the marketplace rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. and rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission requiring that the audit committee consist of three independent directors and that one of the three audit committee members meet the financial sophistication requirement of the Marketplace Rules and be a “audit committee financial expert”, as defined by the rules of the SEC. We believe that remediation of this material weakness will be completed once sufficient time has elapsed for the board of directors to evaluate the effectiveness of our newly constituted audit committee.
Notwithstanding the existence of the material weakness in internal control over financial reporting described below, management has concluded that the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q fairly present, in all material respects, the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the period presented.
As of September 30, 2005, the Company did not maintain effective controls over the valuation and determination of its deferred tax assets and income tax provision. Specifically, the Company did not maintain effective controls to ensure that the valuation of deferred tax assets, including any associated valuation allowance, was determined based upon appropriate supporting documentation. Management has determined that this control deficiency represents a material weakness.
The material weakness is the result of significant turnover in the financial management of the Company, including the resignations of the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer during the quarter ended September 30, 2005. The Company named Robert Freeman as Interim Chief Financial Officer August 22, 2005 and named him permanent Chief Financial Officer on November 8, 2005.
The Company is in the process of designing and implementing improvements in its internal control over financial reporting to address the material weakness described above. These improvements include implementation of a new internal control process regarding the valuation of certain assets to support the Company’s valuation and determination of its deferred tax assets and income tax provision.
Other than the foregoing, there were no other changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2005 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Part II. Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
On April 24, 2001, we filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia against Genesis Microchip Corp. and Genesis Microchip, Inc. (collectively, “Genesis”) for infringement of our U.S. patent number 5,905,769 (USDC E.D. Virginia Civil Action No.: CA-01-266-R) (the “Federal Suit”). On April 24, 2001, we also filed a complaint against Genesis with the International Trade Commission of the United States government (ITC) for unlawful trade practices related to the importation of articles infringing our patent (the “ITC investigation”). The actions sought injunctions to halt the importation, sale, manufacture and use of Genesis DVI receiver chips that infringe our patent, and monetary damages. We voluntarily moved to dismiss the ITC investigation, with notice that
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we would proceed directly in the Federal Suit. Our motion to dismiss was granted on February 7, 2002. We filed an amended complaint in the Federal Suit as of February 28, 2002, adding a claim for infringement of our U.S. patent number 5,974,464. In April 2002, Genesis answered and made counterclaims against us for non-infringement, license, patent invalidity, fraud, antitrust, unfair competition and patent misuse. Also in April 2002, we filed a motion to dismiss certain of Genesis’s counterclaims. In addition, we filed a motion to bifurcate trial of the counterclaims to the extent the court did not dismiss them. In May 2002, the Court granted our motion to dismiss certain of the counterclaims, with leave to amend. Genesis re-filed counterclaims against us for fraud and patent misuse. We filed another motion to dismiss these counterclaims, which the Court granted with prejudice on August 6, 2002. In December 2002, the parties entered into a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to settle the case. When the parties failed to reach agreement on a final, definitive agreement as required by the MOU, in January 2003, the parties filed motions with the Court to enforce their respective interpretations of the MOU. On July 15, 2003, the Court granted our motion to interpret the MOU in the manner we requested, and ruled that Genesis had engaged in efforts to avoid its obligations under the MOU. On August 6, 2003, the Court entered a final judgment based on its July 15, 2003 ruling. Under the final judgment order, Genesis was ordered to make a substantial cash payment, and to make royalty payments; although Genesis has made a cash payment to the Court, it has not made all the payments that are required under the final judgment order. We filed motions for reimbursement of some of our expenses, including some of our legal fees, and for modification and/or clarification of certain items of the judgment, and to hold Genesis in contempt of Court for breaching the protective order in the case by disclosing secret information to at least one of our competitors. On December 19, 2003, the Court granted our motions in part and denied them in part: the court issued an amended judgment, and held Genesis in contempt of Court for breaching the protective order. Under the amended judgment, Genesis was ordered to make a substantial cash payment, royalty payments, and interest; although Genesis has made certain cash payments to the Court, it has not made all the payments that are required under the amended judgment. On January 16, 2004, Genesis filed a notice of appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. On August 26, 2004, the parties completed the filing of their respective appeal briefs. After a hearing, the Federal Circuit dismissed Genesis’ appeal for lack of jurisdiction. The Federal Circuit held that the lower court’s order, which was based on the parties’ agreement to settle the case, was not “final” and appealable. The case was remanded by the Federal Circuit back to the lower court. The parties have negotiated a stipulation by which the lower court can issue a new final judgment. Under this stipulation, the Court will turn over funds deposited by Genesis to us. On July 19, 2005 the Court sent $6.8 million to Silicon Image, which we have deposited in a segregated account and will not use until Genesis has exhausted all of its appeals. On July 22, 2005, Silicon Image filed a certification with the Court stating that the funds had been received by Silicon Image. On the same day, the Court issued an order dismissing Silicon Image’s lawsuit. Genesis filed a notice of appeal on August 16, 2005 and filed its opening appeal brief on October 24, 2005. Silicon Image has 40 days to file its opposition brief and Genesis will have 14 days from the filing of Silicon Image’s opposition brief to file a reply brief. After the conclusion of the briefing, the Federal Circuit will set a date for oral arguments and will notify the parties of the date.
To date, we have not received any unrestricted cash payments nor have we recognized any gain associated with the matter. If the MOU is upheld in its present form after all appeals have been exhausted the restrictions on the use of the cash payment will be lifted and additional cash amounts will be owed by Genesis to Silicon Image under the terms of the MOU. In addition, Genesis will be granted a royalty-bearing license for the right to use certain non-necessary patent claims referred to in the DVI Adopters Agreement. In addition, Genesis will be granted a royalty-bearing license for the right to use these claims as part of any HDMI implementation. Genesis will also be granted a royalty-bearing license to expand use of certain DVI- related patent claims to the consumer electronics marketplace. Through September 30, 2005, we have spent and expect to continue to incur significant legal costs until the matter is resolved.
Silicon Image, certain officers and directors, and Silicon Image’s underwriters have been named as defendants in a securities class action lawsuit captioned Gonzales v. Silicon Image, et al., No. 01 CV 10903 (SDNY 2001) pending in Federal District Court for the Southern District of New York. The lawsuit alleges that all defendants were part of a scheme to manipulate the price of Silicon Image’s stock in the aftermarket following Silicon Image’s initial public offering in October 1999. Response to the complaint and discovery in this action on behalf of Silicon Image and individual defendants has been stayed by order of the court. The lawsuit is proceeding as part of a coordinated action of over 300 such cases brought by plaintiffs in the Southern District of New York. Pursuant to a tolling agreement, individual defendants have been dropped from the suit for the time being. In February 2003, the Court denied motions to dismiss brought by the underwriters and certain issuers and ordered that the case may proceed against certain issuers including against Silicon Image. A proposed settlement has been negotiated and has received preliminary approval by the Court. In the event that the settlement is granted final approval, we do not expect it to have a material effect on our results of operations or financial position. In the event that the settlement is not finally approved, we could not accurately predict the outcome of the litigation, but we intend to defend this matter vigorously.
Silicon Image and certain of its officers were named as defendants in a securities class action litigation captioned “Curry v. Silicon Image, Inc., Steve Tirado, and Robert Gargus, No. C05 00456 MMC”, commenced on January 31, 2005 and pending in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. Plaintiffs filed the action on behalf of a putative class of shareholders who purchased Silicon Image stock between October 19, 2004 and January 24, 2005. The lawsuit alleges that Silicon Image and certain of
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its officers and directors made alleged misstatements of material facts and violated certain provisions of Sections 20(a) and 10(b) of the Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. On April 27, 2005, the Court issued an order appointing lead plaintiffs and approving the selection of lead counsel. On July 27, 2005, plaintiffs filed an amended consolidated complaint. The amended complaint no longer names Mr. Gargus as an individual defendant, but adds David Lee as an individual defendant. In accordance with the court’s scheduling order, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss on September 26, 2005, which motion is scheduled to be heard on January 13, 2006. Silicon Image intends to defend itself vigorously in this matter.
On January 14, 2005, we received a notification that the Securities and Exchange Commission had commenced a formal, private investigation involving trading in securities of Silicon Image. We are fully cooperating with the investigation.
In addition, we have been named as defendants in a number of judicial and administrative proceedings incidental to our business and may be named again from time to time. We intend to defend such matters vigorously, and although adverse decisions or settlements may occur in one or more of such cases, the final resolution of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial position.
Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds
Not applicable.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
Not applicable.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
Not applicable.
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Item 6. Exhibits
| | |
(a) Exhibits | | |
10.01 | | Silicon Image, Inc. Bonus Plan for Fiscal Year 2005 (as amended) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 to our Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26887) filed July 25, 2005) |
| | |
10.02 | | Employment Offer Letter between Robert Freeman and the Registrant dated August 18, 2005. |
| | |
10.03 | | 1999 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended through April 5, 2005. |
| | |
31.01 | | Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
31.02 | | Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
32.01 | | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
32.02 | | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| | |
Dated: November 9, 2005 | | Silicon Image, Inc. |
| | |
| | /s/ Robert R Freeman |
| | |
| | Robert R Freeman |
| | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
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Exhibit Index
| | |
10.01 | | Silicon Image, Inc. Bonus Plan for Fiscal Year 2005 (as amended) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 to our Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-26887) filed July 25, 2005) |
| | |
10.02 | | Employment Offer Letter between Robert Freeman and the Registrant dated August 18, 2005. |
| | |
10.03 | | 1999 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended through April 5, 2005. |
| | |
31.01 | | Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
31.02 | | Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| | |
32.01 | | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
32.02 | | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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