SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policy) | 9 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2013 |
SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract] | ' |
Use of Estimates | ' |
Use of Estimates |
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The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include allowances for billing adjustments and doubtful accounts, the recoverability of long-lived assets and goodwill, income tax valuation allowance (and related matters), the expected forfeitures of ordinary share options and estimates of likely outcomes related to certain contingent liabilities. |
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The Company evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis. The Company's estimates and assumptions are based on factors such as historical experience, trends within the Company and the telecommunications industry, general economic conditions and on various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results of such assumptions form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily available. Actual results may differ from the Company's estimates and assumptions as a result of varying market and economic conditions, and may result in lower revenues and lower net income. |
Net Revenues | ' |
Net Revenues |
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Net revenues consists of revenue from sales of magicJack devices to retailers, wholesalers or directly to customers, access right renewal fees, fees charged for shipping magicJack, usage of prepaid minutes, access charges to other carriers and other miscellaneous charges. Revenue is recorded net of sales returns and allowances. |
Revenue Recognition | ' |
Revenue Recognition |
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magicJack Devices Revenue |
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The Company recognizes revenues from sales and shipping of direct sales of magicJack devices over the period associated with the initial access right period. Customers may purchase access rights for continued use of its software to access the Company's servers for additional years either when the original purchase is made, or at any time thereafter. The revenue associated with the access right for additional years is deferred and recognized ratably over the extended access right period. |
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Sales Return Policy |
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The Company offers some of its direct sales customers a 30-day free trial before they have to pay for their magicJack device. The Company does not record or recognize revenue until the 30-day trial period has expired and a customer's credit card has been charged. |
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Returns from retailers are accepted on an authorized basis for devices deemed defective. The Company may offer certain retailers the limited right to return any unsold merchandise from their initial stocking orders. The Company estimates potential returns under these arrangements at point of sale and re-estimates potential returns on a quarterly basis. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, the Company's estimates of returns and actual returns from initial stocking orders have not been materially different. |
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Telephony Services Revenue |
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Telephony revenue is recognized as minutes are used. Telephony revenue is generated from the usage of prepaid minutes, fees for origination of calls to 800-numbers and access fees charged to other telecommunication carriers on a per-minute basis for Interexchange Carriers ("IXC") calls terminated on the Company's servers. Revenues from access fee charges to other telecommunication carriers are recorded based on rates set forth in the respective state and federal tariffs or negotiated contract rates, less a provision for billing adjustments of $0.4 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $2.4 million and $5.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Deferred Revenues | ' |
Deferred Revenues |
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Deferred revenues consist primarily of billings and payments for magicJack devices and sales of telecommunication service agreements received in advance of revenue recognition. The Company bills and collects in advance for magicJack Devices, which include the access right for the software to access its servers for an initial access right period in order to obtain free domestic local and long distance broadband telephone service. The Company also bills for extended service agreements. Deferred revenues to be recognized over the next twelve months are classified as current and included in deferred revenue, current portion in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets. The remaining amounts are classified as non-current in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and included in deferred revenue, net of current portion. |
Cost of Revenues | ' |
Cost of Revenues |
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Cost of revenues includes direct costs of operation of the Company's servers, which are expensed as incurred. These costs include the Company's internal operating costs, depreciation and amortization expense, access and interconnection charges to terminate domestic and international telephone calls on the public switched telephone network and related taxes. Direct costs also include regulatory costs, servers maintenance, and costs to co-locate the Company's equipment in other telephone companies' facilities. Direct costs of producing magicJack devices are deferred on shipment and charged to cost of sales ratably over the initial access right period. Deferred costs are included in current assets in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets. |
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Costs incurred for shipping and handling and credit card charges are included in cost of revenues and are expensed as incurred. Costs for shipping and handling and credit card charges were $1.5 million and $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and $4.0 million and $4.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Billing Adjustments | ' |
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Billing Adjustments |
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The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts based on the expected collectability of its accounts receivables. That estimate is based on historical collection experience, current economic and market conditions and a review of the current status of each customer's trade accounts receivable. The allowance includes estimates of billing adjustments, which are negotiated with other telecommunication carriers and are common in the telecommunication industry. |
Marketable Securities and Other Investments | ' |
Marketable Securities and Other Investments |
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Marketable securities are considered available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value with any unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss and as a separate component of capital deficit in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Gains and losses are recorded based on specific identification by asset. The Company does not recognize changes in the fair value of its available-for-sale investments in income unless a decline in value is considered other-than-temporary in accordance with the authoritative guidance. |
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Securities sold, not yet purchased are considered liabilities, and are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. These liabilities are recorded at fair value with any unrealized gains and losses recognized as gains or losses on investments in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations as the Company is liable for the current market price as of the balance sheet date. |
Common Equity Put Options | ' |
Common Equity Put Options |
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Common equity put option ("put option") contracts sold in connection with the Company's share repurchase program may expire unexercised or be assigned to the Company on or before the contract expiration date. Put option contracts exercised result in the Company purchasing its ordinary shares. Put option contracts outstanding at the end of a period are liabilities under ASC Subtopic 480-10, "Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity," and are included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheets. These liabilities are marked-to-market at the unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets, which are Level 1 inputs. Any unrealized gains or losses are recognized as fair value gains (losses) on common equity put options in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations. |
Certain Risks and Concentrations | ' |
Certain Risks and Concentrations |
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Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable. Cash equivalents generally consist of money market instruments and U.S. government notes. Marketable securities generally consist of equity and debt securities as well as a variety of mutual funds which primarily invest in government securities, debt, preferred stocks and equity securities. |
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The Company places its cash and cash equivalents with high quality financial institutions and management believes the Company is not exposed to any significant risk on its cash accounts. The Company maintains accounts with various banks and brokerage organizations and constantly monitors the creditworthiness of these institutions. Cash accounts at each U.S. bank are insured by the FDIC up to $250 thousand in the aggregate and may exceed federally insured limits. Cash accounts at each Israeli bank are not insured. We have never experienced any losses related to these balances. At September 30, 2013, the Company had cash and cash equivalents totaling $53.0 million, which included (i) $52.8 million in U.S. banks, and (ii) $0.2 million in an Israeli financial institution. |
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The Company's non-interest bearing cash balances in U.S. banks, which included $2.0 million in one individual financial institution, were fully insured, except for $0.4 million that exceed insurance limits at September 30, 2013. The Company had money market accounts with a financial institution with balances totaling approximately $50.7 million. |
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Two telecommunication carriers accounted for approximately 22% and 14% of gross accounts receivable at September 30, 2013. One telecommunication carrier accounted for approximately 63% of gross accounts receivable at December 31, 2012, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, no telecommunication carrier accounted for more than 10% of the Company's total net revenues. |
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One U.S. retail customer accounted for approximately 10% of gross accounts receivable at September 30, 2013. No other retail customer accounted for more than 10% of gross accounts receivable at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, no retailer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's total net revenues. |
Fair Value | ' |
Fair Value |
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GAAP establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company's assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. |
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The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the reliability of inputs as follows: |
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Level 1 - Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. |
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Level 2 - Valuations based on inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. |
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Level 3 - Valuation based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. |
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When available, the Company uses quoted market prices to determine fair value, and it classifies such measurements within Level 1. Fair value measurements are classified according to the lowest level input or value-driver that is significant to the valuation. Fair value includes the consideration of nonperformance risk. Nonperformance risk refers to the risk that an obligation (either by a counterparty or the Company) will not be fulfilled. For the Company's financial assets traded in an active market (Level 1), the nonperformance risk is included in the market price. The Company's assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis at fair value may include marketable securities, securities sold, not yet purchased, and common equity put options in the Company's own stock. As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, all of them are Level 1 instruments, except for debt securities, which are level 2 instruments. The fair value of Level 2 securities is estimated based on observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. The carrying amounts of the Company's financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued expenses are expected to approximate fair value because of their immediate availability, near term maturities or potential interest payments at settlement. |
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In connection with the Company's purchase of certain intangible assets during June 2011, the Company made payments of $1.5 million in May 2011, May 2012 and May 2013, respectively, and is required to make non-interest bearing annual future payments of $1.5 million for each of the next two years, beginning May 31, 2014. The liability for such payments has been discounted at a rate of 10% to a total fair value of $2.7 million and $3.9 million at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, with $1.5 million included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities at September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, and $1.2 million and $2.4 million included in other non-current liabilities in the Company's September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012 condensed consolidated balance sheets, respectively. The Company believes that the $2.7 million carrying value at September 30, 2013 approximates fair value based on observable market inputs other than quoted prices for similar traded debt securities, which are Level 2 instruments. The $0.3 million unamortized discount at September 30, 2013 is being amortized using the effective interest method and recorded as interest expense in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations. |
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Any unrealized gains or losses related to put option contracts sold in connection with the Company's share repurchase program are recognized as fair value gains (losses) on common equity put options in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations. These liabilities are marked-to-market at the unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets, which are Level 1 inputs. As of September 30, 2013, there were no common equity put options outstanding. At December 31, 2012, outstanding common equity put options had a fair value of $2.2 million, which was included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Company's condensed consolidated balance sheet. |
Property, Equipment and Depreciation Expense | ' |
Property, Equipment and Depreciation Expense |
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Property and equipment consist primarily of servers, computer hardware, furniture, and leasehold improvements. Fixed assets, other than leasehold improvements, are stated at cost with depreciation provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets, which range from three to fifteen years. Leasehold improvements are stated at cost and amortized over the shorter of the term of the lease or useful life of the assets. The cost of substantial improvements is capitalized while the cost of maintenance and repairs are charged to operating expenses as incurred. |
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The Company's hardware consists of routers, gateways and servers that enable the Company's telephony services. Some of these assets may be subject to technological risks and rapid market changes due to the introduction of new technology, products and services and changing customer demand. These changes may result in future adjustments to the estimated useful lives and the carrying value of these assets. |
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Long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment, and purchased intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Management believes there is no impairment at September 30, 2013. |
Goodwill | ' |
Goodwill |
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Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired. Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized to operations, but instead are reviewed for impairment at least annually, or when there is an indicator of impairment. The Company is currently defined as one reporting unit. |
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The goodwill impairment test is a two-step test. Under the first step, the fair value of the reporting unit is compared with its carrying value (including goodwill). Since the Company has negative carrying value, we apply the guidance in ASC No. 2010-28," Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): When to Perform Step 2 of the Goodwill Impairment Test for Reporting Units with Zero or Negative Carrying Amounts," ("ASU 2010-28") to determine whether Step 2 is required. Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") 2010-28 modified current guidance such that Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test must be performed for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts if qualitative factors indicate that it is more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists. Under step two, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit's goodwill over the implied fair value of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation and the residual fair value after this allocation is the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill. Fair value of the reporting unit is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis. An impairment loss shall be recognized to the extent that the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. It is Company's policy to conduct impairment testing based on its current business strategy in light of present industry and economic conditions, as well as its future expectations. |
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The Company evaluates the carrying value of its goodwill annually or more frequently if impairment indicators arise. Indicators include, but are not limited to: sustained operating losses or a trend of poor operating performance and a decrease in the Company's market capitalization below its book value. The Company's valuation methodology for assessing impairment requires management to make judgments and assumptions based on historical experience and projections of future operating performance. If these assumptions differ materially from future results, the Company may record impairment charges in the future. |
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In connection with the Company's annual goodwill impairment analysis, as of October 1, 2012, the annual measurement date, the Company's analysis did not indicate any impairment of goodwill has occurred. There were no goodwill impairment indicators as of September 30, 2013. |
Income Taxes | ' |
Income Taxes |
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The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their book basis using enacted tax rates. Any changes in enacted rates or tax laws are included in the provision for income taxes in the period of enactment. The Company's net deferred tax assets consist of primarily foreign net operating loss carryforwards and timing differences between recognition of income for book and tax purposes. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce the net deferred tax assets to the amount that it estimates is more-likely-than-not to be realized. At December 31, 2012, the Company, based on cumulative profitability over the preceding three years and expected 2013 results, released $10.9 million of the valuation allowance recorded against its net deferred tax assets and determined that a remaining valuation allowance of $55.4 million was necessary to reduce the net deferred tax assets to the amount that will more likely than not be realized. The Company periodically reviews the composition of its net deferred tax assets and related valuation allowances and will make adjustments if available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not a change in the carrying amounts is required. No adjustments were made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013. |
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The Company assesses its income tax positions and records tax benefits for all years subject to examination based upon its evaluation of the facts, circumstances and information available at the reporting date. For those tax positions where there is greater than 50% likelihood that a tax benefit will be sustained, the Company has recorded the largest amount of tax benefit that may potentially be realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. For those income tax positions where there is 50% or less likelihood that a tax benefit will be sustained, no tax benefit has been recognized in the financial statements. |
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The Company records its income tax expense for interim financial statements by using an estimated annual effective income tax rate based on its expected annual results after elimination of nontaxable items. The tax benefits of net operating loss carryforwards expected to be realized through 2013 and certain other deferred tax assets were recognized for financial reporting purposes at December 31, 2012. At September 30, 2013, the estimated annual effective tax rate is expected to approximately 32.9%, which includes state and local taxes. This rate may fluctuate in the future if we are able to realize additional tax benefits or utilize available tax strategies, as well as due to the timing of other discrete period transactions during the remainder of the year. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements | ' |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
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In February 2013, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU No. 2013-02, Reporting Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("ASU 2013-02"). ASU 2013-02 requires an entity to present, either on the face of the statement where net income is presented or in the notes to the financial statements, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by the respective line items of net income but only if the amount reclassified is required under U.S. GAAP to be reclassified to net income in its entirety in the same reporting period. Amounts that are not required to be reclassified in their entirety to net income must be cross-referenced to other disclosures that provide additional detail. This guidance was effective on a prospective basis for the annual and interim reporting periods for the Company beginning January 1, 2013. The Company's adoption of this standard did not have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements. The Company's accumulated other comprehensive loss is comprised of one item pertaining to the Company's unrealized gains and losses on marketable securities. Reclassification of the gains or losses occurs when the specific investments are sold. |