IDT (IDT) 10-Q 10 Jun 24 2024 Q3 Quarterly report Financial data

Cover

Cover - shares	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Jun. 05, 2024
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Document Period End Date	Apr. 30, 2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--07-31
Entity File Number	1-16371
Entity Registrant Name	IDT CORPORATION
Entity Central Index Key	0001005731
Entity Tax Identification Number	22-3415036
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Address, Address Line One	520 Broad Street
Entity Address, City or Town	Newark
Entity Address, State or Province	NJ
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	07102
City Area Code	(973)
Local Phone Number	438-1000
Title of 12(b) Security	Class B common stock, par value $.01 per share
Trading Symbol	IDT
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Common Class A [Member]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		1,574,326
Common Class B [Member]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		23,764,649

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 139,773	$ 103,637
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	93,072	95,186
Debt securities	29,384	42,414
Equity investments	4,844	6,198
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $6,717 at April 30, 2024 and allowance for doubtful accounts of $5,642 at July 31, 2023	38,967	32,092
Settlement assets, net of reserve of $1,676 at April 30, 2024 and $1,143 at July 31, 2023	21,435	32,396
Disbursement prefunding	36,626	30,113
Prepaid expenses	20,046	16,638
Other current assets	24,385	28,394
Total current assets	408,532	387,068
Property, plant, and equipment, net	38,515	38,655
Goodwill	26,254	26,457
Other intangibles, net	6,591	8,196
Equity investments	6,630	9,874
Operating lease right-of-use assets	4,370	5,540
Deferred income tax assets, net	15,270	24,101
Other assets	11,140	10,919
Total assets	517,302	510,810
Current liabilities:
Trade accounts payable	23,976	22,231
Accrued expenses	99,335	110,796
Deferred revenue	32,070	35,343
Customer deposits	83,660	86,481
Settlement liabilities	22,853	21,495
Other current liabilities	15,937	17,761
Total current liabilities	277,831	294,107
Operating lease liabilities	1,753	2,881
Other liabilities	3,647	3,354
Total liabilities	283,231	300,342
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interest	10,791	10,472
IDT Corporation stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares—10,000; no shares issued
Additional paid-in capital	303,055	301,408
Treasury stock, at cost, consisting of 1,698 and 1,698 shares of Class A common stock and 4,399 and 4,152 shares of Class B common stock at April 30, 2024 and July 31, 2023, respectively	(122,668)	(115,461)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(17,243)	(17,192)
Retained earnings	51,028	24,662
Total IDT Corporation stockholders’ equity	214,487	193,729
Noncontrolling interests	8,793	6,267
Total equity	223,280	199,996
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest, and equity	517,302	510,810
Common Class A [Member]
IDT Corporation stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, value	33	33
Common Class B [Member]
IDT Corporation stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, value	$ 282	$ 279

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable current	$ 6,717	$ 5,642
Settlement assets, net of reserve	$ 1,676	$ 1,143
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized	10,000	10,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Common Class A [Member]
Common stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	35,000	35,000
Common stock, shares issued	3,272	3,272
Common stock, shares outstanding	1,574	1,574
Treasury stock shares	1,698	1,698
Common Class B [Member]
Common stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	200,000	200,000
Common stock, shares issued	28,165	27,851
Common stock, shares outstanding	23,766	23,699
Treasury stock shares	4,399	4,152

Consolidated Statements of Inco

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenues		$ 299,643	$ 299,295	$ 896,946	$ 935,047
Direct cost of revenues		202,599	211,734	608,982	668,513
Gross profit		97,044	87,561	287,964	266,534
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	[1]	68,962	60,130	200,685	177,475
Research and Development Expense	[1]	12,640	12,145	37,975	35,870
Severance		779	145	1,648	458
Other operating expense, net (see Note 10)		3,231	4,764	3,041	3,948
Total operating expenses		85,612	77,184	243,349	217,751
Income from operations		11,432	10,377	44,615	48,783
Interest income, net		1,162	709	3,201	2,029
Other expense, net		(3,273)	(382)	(6,326)	(2,610)
Income before income taxes		9,321	10,704	41,490	48,202
Provision for income taxes		(2,979)	(2,960)	(10,918)	(12,594)
Net income		6,342	7,744	30,572	35,608
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests		(791)	(854)	(2,937)	(3,093)
Net income attributable to IDT Corporation		$ 5,551	$ 6,890	$ 27,635	$ 32,515
Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:
Basic		$ 0.22	$ 0.27	$ 1.10	$ 1.27
Diluted		$ 0.22	$ 0.27	$ 1.09	$ 1.27
Weighted-average number of shares used in calculation of earnings per share:
Basic		25,345	25,518	25,233	25,544
Diluted		25,516	25,612	25,380	25,589
[1] Stock-based compensation included in: Technology and development expense & Selling, general and administrative expense

Consolidated Statements of In_2

Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Stock-based compensation				$ 5,375	$ 3,537
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Stock-based compensation	[1]	$ 2,027	$ 1,579	5,025	3,096
Technology and Development Expense [Member]
Stock-based compensation	[1]	$ 91	$ 100	$ 350	$ 441
[1] Stock-based compensation included in: Technology and development expense & Selling, general and administrative expense

Consolidated Statements of Comp

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net income	$ 6,342	$ 7,744	$ 30,572	$ 35,608
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities	(127)	115	77	81
Foreign currency translation adjustments	160	(879)	(128)	(3,251)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	33	(764)	(51)	(3,170)
Comprehensive income	6,375	6,980	30,521	32,438
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(791)	(854)	(2,937)	(3,093)
Comprehensive income attributable to IDT Corporation	$ 5,584	$ 6,126	$ 27,584	$ 29,345

Consolidated Statements of Equi

Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Class B [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Common Class A [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Common Class B [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Treasury Stock, Common [Member]	AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Noncontrolling Interest [Member]
BALANCE at Jul. 31, 2022	$ 170,637		$ 33	$ 277	$ 296,005	$ (101,565)	$ (11,305)	$ (15,830)	$ 3,022
Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program	(7,506)					(7,506)
Stock issued to certain executive officers for bonus payments	615				615
Exercise of stock options	172				172
Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees	(339)					(339)
Stock-based compensation	3,537			1	3,536
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(293)								(293)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(3,170)						(3,170)
Net income	35,350							32,515	2,835
BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2023	199,003		33	278	300,328	(109,410)	(14,475)	16,685	5,564
BALANCE at Jan. 31, 2023	193,014		33	278	298,649	(106,906)	(13,711)	9,795	4,876
Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program	(2,500)					(2,500)
Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees	(4)					(4)
Stock-based compensation	1,679				1,679
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(106)								(106)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(764)						(764)
Net income	7,684							6,890	794
BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2023	199,003		33	278	300,328	(109,410)	(14,475)	16,685	5,564
BALANCE at Jul. 31, 2023	199,996		33	279	301,408	(115,461)	(17,192)	24,662	6,267
Dividends declared ($0.05 per share)	(1,269)							(1,269)
Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program	(5,675)					(5,675)
Restricted net2phone common stock purchased from employees	(3,558)				(3,611)				53
Stock issued to certain executive officers for bonus payments	1,495				1,495
Business acquisition holdback payment	100	$ 100			100
Exercise of stock options	172				172
Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees	(1,532)					(1,532)
Stock-based compensation	3,411			1	3,410
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(62)								(62)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(51)						(51)
Net income	30,253							27,635	2,618
BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2024	223,280		33	282	303,055	(122,668)	(17,243)	51,028	8,793
Exchange of National Retail Solutions shares for Class B common stock				2	81				(83)
BALANCE at Jan. 31, 2024	219,887		33	281	300,631	(118,631)	(17,276)	46,746	8,103
Dividends declared ($0.05 per share)	(1,269)							(1,269)
Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program	(2,520)					(2,520)
Restricted net2phone common stock purchased from employees	(1,517)					(1,517)
Stock issued to certain executive officers for bonus payments	1,495				1,495
Business acquisition holdback payment	100				100
Stock-based compensation	830			1	829
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(3)								(3)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	33						33
Net income	6,244							5,551	693
BALANCE at Apr. 30, 2024	$ 223,280		$ 33	$ 282	$ 303,055	$ (122,668)	$ (17,243)	$ 51,028	$ 8,793

Consolidated Statements of Eq_2

Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2024
Income Statement [Abstract]
Dividends declared per share	$ 0.05	$ 0.05

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Operating activities
Net income	$ 30,572	$ 35,608
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	15,256	14,986
Deferred income taxes	8,830	9,200
Provision for credit losses, doubtful accounts receivable, and reserve for settlement assets	3,010	1,180
Net unrealized loss from marketable securities	1,537	3,151
Stock-based compensation	5,375	3,537
Other	2,528	2,114
Change in assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable	(9,000)	57
Settlement assets, disbursement prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets	6,797	(29,184)
Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, settlement liabilities, other current liabilities, and other liabilities	(12,263)	(6,220)
Customer deposits at IDT Financial Services Limited (Gibraltar-based bank)	(431)	(2,570)
Deferred revenue	(2,903)	(3,160)
Net cash provided by operating activities	49,308	28,699
Investing activities
Capital expenditures	(13,621)	(16,033)
Purchase of convertible preferred stock in equity method investment	(1,513)	(168)
Payments for acquisition	(60)
Purchases of debt securities and equity investments	(27,593)	(44,166)
Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments	41,527	34,309
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,260)	(26,058)
Financing activities
Dividends paid	(1,269)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(62)	(293)
Proceeds from notes payable	100	300
Repayment of notes payable.	(128)	(2,031)
Proceeds from borrowings under revolving credit facility	32,864	2,383
Repayment of borrowings under revolving credit facility.	(32,864)	(2,383)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	172	172
Repurchases of Class B common stock	(7,207)	(7,845)
Net cash used in financing activities	(8,394)	(9,697)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents	(5,632)	2,537
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents	34,022	(4,519)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	198,823	189,562
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period	232,845	185,043
Supplemental schedule of non-cash financing activities
Shares of Class B common stock issued for business acquisition holdback payment	100
Restricted net2phone common stock withheld from employees for income tax obligations	3,558
Value of Class B common stock exchanged for National Retail Solutions shares	6,254
Conversion of equity method investment’s secured promissory notes into convertible preferred stock		4,038
Stock issued to certain executive officers for bonus payments	$ 1,495	$ 615

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Note 1— Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of IDT Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company” or “IDT”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending July 31, 2024. The balance sheet at July 31, 2023 has been derived from the Company’s audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, please refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2023, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company’s fiscal year ends on July 31 of each calendar year. Each reference below to a fiscal year refers to the fiscal year ending in the calendar year indicated (e.g., fiscal 2024 refers to the fiscal year ending July 31, 2024). As of April 30, 2024, the Company owned 94.0 81.2 90.1 78.9 Reclassifications From and after August 1, 2023, the Company includes depreciation and amortization in “Direct cost of revenues” and “Selling, general and administrative” expense and is reporting gross profit (in accordance with U.S. GAAP) in the consolidated statements of income. Prior to August 1, 2023, depreciation and amortization was a separate caption in the consolidated statements of income. From and after February 1, 2024, the Company reclassified most of its technology and development expenses from “Selling, general and administrative” expense to a new “Technology and development” expense caption in the consolidated statements of income and reclassified an amount that was immaterial in all periods to “Direct cost of revenues.” “Technology and development” expense consists primarily of personnel-related expenses for employees involved in the research, design, development, and maintenance of both new and existing technology products and services, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation. “Technology and development” expense also includes costs for software licenses, subscription services, and other companywide technology tools dedicated for use by the Company’s technology and development teams. The costs of third-party contractors that support the Company’s technology and development are also included. “Technology and development” expense also includes the costs of product and engineering teams used to support the development of both internal infrastructure and internal-use software, to the extent such costs do not qualify for capitalization. The expenses reclassified to “Direct cost of revenues” are the costs of cloud computing arrangements hosted by a vendor in the production environment incurred by the net2phone segment and NRS, and net2phone’s colocation costs for data centers where net2phone is not fully operational in the cloud. Finally, depreciation and amortization of capitalized internal use software costs was reclassified from “Selling, general and administrative” expense to “Technology and development” expense. The following table shows the amounts that were reclassified in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2023 to conform to the current year’s presentation: Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified Three Months Ended April 30, 2023 Nine Months Ended April 30, 2023 (in thousands) Selling, general and administrative expense reclassified to: Direct cost of revenues $ 334 $ 944 Technology and development expense $ 8,896 $ 26,308 Selling, general and administrative expense $ 8,896 $ 26,308 Depreciation and amortization expense reclassified to: Direct cost of revenues $ 1,150 $ 3,289 Selling, general and administrative expense $ 786 $ 2,135 Technology and development expense $ 3,249 $ 9,562 Depreciation and amortization expense $ 3,249 $ 9,562 In the consolidated statements of cash flows, cash used in “Trade accounts receivable” in the nine months ended April 30, 2023 of $ 2.1 Recently Adopted Accounting Standard On August 1, 2023, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326) Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,

Business Segment Information

Business Segment Information	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Business Segment Information	Note 2— Business Segment Information The Company has four The NRS segment is an operator of a nationwide point-of-sale (“POS”) network providing independent retailers with store management software, electronic payment processing, and other ancillary merchant services. NRS’ POS platform provides marketers with digital out-of-home advertising and transaction data. The Fintech segment is comprised of: (i) BOSS Money, a provider of international money remittance and related value/payment transfer services: and (ii) other, significantly smaller, financial services businesses, including Leaf Global Fintech Corporation (“Leaf”), a provider of digital wallet services in emerging markets, a variable interest entity that operates money transfer businesses, and IDT Financial Services Limited (“IDT Financial Services”), the Company’s Gibraltar-based bank. The net2phone segment is comprised of net2phone’s integrated cloud communications and contact center services. The Traditional Communications segment includes: (i) IDT Digital Payments, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging, and data to international and domestic mobile accounts: (ii) BOSS Revolution Calling, an international long-distance calling service marketed primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada: and (iii) IDT Global, a wholesale provider of international voice and SMS termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional Communications also includes other small businesses and offerings including early-stage business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode. The Company’s reportable segments are distinguished by types of service, customers, and methods used to provide their services. The operating results of these business segments are regularly reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision maker. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as the accounting policies of the Company as a whole. There are no significant asymmetrical allocations to segments. The Company evaluates the performance of its business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations. Corporate costs mainly include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing, corporate governance including Board of Directors’ fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance, corporate legal, and other corporate-related general and administrative expenses. Corporate does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any direct cost of revenues. Operating results for the business segments of the Company were as follows: Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (in thousands) National Retail Solutions Fintech net2phone Traditional Communications Corporate Total Three Months Ended April 30, 2024 Revenues $ 25,712 $ 31,526 $ 20,677 $ 221,728 $ — $ 299,643 Income (loss) from operations 4,768 (553 ) 476 12,467 (5,726 ) 11,432 Depreciation and amortization: Included in “Direct cost of revenues” 501 47 600 168 — 1,316 Included in “Selling, general and administrative” expense 33 33 274 214 17 571 Included in “Technology and development” expense 285 643 700 1,596 — 3,224 Three Months Ended April 30, 2023 Revenues $ 18,073 $ 21,787 $ 18,392 $ 241,043 $ — $ 299,295 Income (loss) from operations 2,079 (1,318 ) (377 ) 12,924 (2,931 ) 10,377 Depreciation and amortization: Included in “Direct cost of revenues” 384 21 558 187 — 1,150 Included in “Selling, general and administrative” expense 29 317 213 227 — 786 Included in “Technology and development” expense 203 374 631 2,041 — 3,249 Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 Revenues $ 74,930 $ 86,076 $ 60,957 $ 674,983 $ — $ 896,946 Income (loss) from operations 15,578 (2,673 ) 836 42,491 (11,617 ) 44,615 Depreciation and amortization: Included in “Direct cost of revenues” 1,433 132 1,799 538 — 3,902 Included in “Selling, general and administrative” expense 96 361 709 592 65 1,823 Included in “Technology and development” expense 801 1,648 2,056 5,026 — 9,531 Nine Months Ended April 30, 2023 Revenues $ 57,208 $ 61,995 $ 53,136 $ 762,708 $ — $ 935,047 Income (loss) from operations 12,684 (613 ) (2,008 ) 47,195 (8,475 ) 48,783 Depreciation and amortization: Included in “Direct cost of revenues” 1,061 65 1,592 571 — 3,289 Included in “Selling, general and administrative” expense 88 955 762 294 36 2,135 Included in “Technology and development” expense 539 970 1,790 6,263 — 9,562 Total depreciation and amortization 539 970 1,790 6,263 — 9,562

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue Recognition	Note 3— Revenue Recognition The Company earns revenue from contracts with customers, primarily through the provision of retail telecommunications and payment offerings as well as wholesale international voice and SMS termination. BOSS Money, NRS, and net2phone are technology-driven, synergistic businesses that leverage the Company’s core assets. BOSS Money’s and NRS’ revenues are primarily recognized at a point in time, and net2phone’s revenue is mainly recognized over time. Traditional Communications are mostly minute-based, paid-voice communications services, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time. The Company’s most significant revenue streams are from IDT Digital Payments, BOSS Revolution Calling, and IDT Global. IDT Digital Payments and BOSS Revolution Calling are sold direct-to-consumer and through distributors and retailers. Disaggregated Revenues The following table shows the Company’s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers: Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers 2024 2023 2024 2023 Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) National Retail Solutions $ 25,712 $ 18,073 $ 74,930 $ 57,208 BOSS Money 27,593 19,441 76,871 54,644 Other 3,933 2,346 9,205 7,351 Total Fintech 31,526 21,787 86,076 61,995 net2phone 20,677 18,392 60,957 53,136 IDT Digital Payments 101,559 101,030 301,165 316,207 BOSS Revolution Calling 63,245 77,646 201,169 246,729 IDT Global 50,067 54,473 150,843 174,715 Other 6,857 7,894 21,806 25,057 Total Traditional Communications 221,728 241,043 674,983 762,708 Total $ 299,643 $ 299,295 $ 896,946 $ 935,047 Revenues $ 299,643 $ 299,295 $ 896,946 $ 935,047 The following table shows the Company’s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location: Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (in thousands) National Retail Solutions Fintech net2phone Traditional Communications Total Three Months Ended April 30, 2024 United States $ 25,712 $ 30,469 $ 11,330 $ 166,093 $ 233,604 Outside the United States: United Kingdom — — — 48,441 48,441 Other — 1,057 9,347 7,194 17,598 Total outside the United States — 1,057 9,347 55,635 66,039 Total $ 25,712 $ 31,526 $ 20,677 $ 221,728 $ 299,643 Revenues $ 25,712 $ 31,526 $ 20,677 $ 221,728 $ 299,643 (in thousands) National Retail Solutions Fintech net2phone Traditional Communications Total Three Months Ended April 30, 2023 United States $ 18,073 $ 21,124 $ 9,571 $ 166,854 $ 215,622 Outside the United States: United Kingdom — — — 64,415 64,415 Other — 663 8,821 9,774 19,258 Total outside the United States — 663 8,821 74,189 83,673 Total $ 18,073 $ 21,787 $ 18,392 $ 241,043 $ 299,295 Revenues $ 18,073 $ 21,787 $ 18,392 $ 241,043 $ 299,295 (in thousands) National Retail Solutions Fintech net2phone Traditional Communications Total Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 United States $ 74,930 $ 83,204 $ 32,718 $ 492,935 $ 683,787 Outside the United States: United Kingdom — — — 157,673 157,673 Other — 2,872 28,239 24,375 55,486 Total outside the United States — 2,872 28,239 182,048 213,159 Total $ 74,930 $ 86,076 $ 60,957 $ 674,983 $ 896,946 Revenues $ 74,930 $ 86,076 $ 60,957 $ 674,983 $ 896,946 (in thousands) National Retail Solutions Fintech net2phone Traditional Communications Total Nine Months Ended April 30, 2023 United States $ 57,208 $ 59,991 $ 27,888 $ 528,116 $ 673,203 Outside the United States: United Kingdom — — — 202,355 202,355 Other — 2,004 25,248 32,237 59,489 Total outside the United States — 2,004 25,248 234,592 261,844 Total $ 57,208 $ 61,995 $ 53,136 $ 762,708 $ 935,047 Revenues $ 57,208 $ 61,995 $ 53,136 $ 762,708 $ 935,047 Remaining Performance Obligations The following table includes revenue by business segment expected to be recognized in the future from performance obligations that were unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied as of April 30, 2024. The table excludes contracts that had an original expected duration of one year or less. Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (in thousands) National Retail Solutions net2phone Total Twelve-month period ending April 30: 2025 $ 6,305 $ 38,388 $ 44,693 2026 5,262 18,749 24,011 Thereafter 5,128 6,319 11,447 Total $ 16,695 $ 63,456 $ 80,151 Accounts Receivable and Contract Balances The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company’s customers. Trade accounts receivable in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets represent unconditional rights to consideration. The Company would record a contract asset when revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration. The Company has not currently identified any contract assets. Contract liabilities arise when the Company receives consideration or bills its customers prior to providing the goods or services promised in the contract. The Company’s contract liability balance is primarily payments received for prepaid BOSS Revolution Calling. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when services are provided to the customer. The contract liability balances are presented in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as “Deferred revenue”. The following table presents information about the Company’s contract liability balance: Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities 2024 2023 2024 2023 Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period $ 15,231 $ 16,772 $ 20,477 $ 21,890 Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition and Fulfillment Costs The Company recognizes as an asset its incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer that it expects to recover. The Company’s incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are sales commissions paid to employees and third parties on sales to end users. If the amortization period were one year or less for the asset that would be recognized from deferring these costs, the Company applies the practical expedient whereby the Company charges these costs to expense when incurred. For net2phone sales, the Company defers these costs and amortizes them over the expected customer relationship period when it is expected to exceed one year. The Company’s costs to fulfill its contracts do not meet the criteria to be recognized as an asset, therefore these costs are charged to expense as incurred. The Company’s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows: Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs April 30, 2024 July 31, 2023 (in thousands) Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in “Other current assets” $ 4,145 $ 4,460 Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in “Other assets” 3,957 3,734 Total $ 8,102 $ 8,194 The Company’s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs during the periods were as follows: Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs 2024 2023 2024 2023 Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs $ 1,167 $ 1,226 $ 3,576 $ 3,631

Leases

Leases	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Leases
Leases	Note 4— Leases The Company’s leases primarily consist of operating leases for office space. These leases have remaining terms from less than one year six years net2phone is the lessee under equipment leases that are classified as finance leases. The assets and liabilities related to these finance leases are not material to the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Supplemental disclosures related to the Company’s operating leases were as follows: Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases 2024 2023 2024 2023 Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Operating lease cost $ 746 $ 817 $ 2,238 $ 2,384 Short-term lease cost 311 256 770 784 Total lease cost $ 1,057 $ 1,073 $ 3,008 $ 3,168 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 738 $ 842 $ 2,253 $ 2,431 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 738 $ 842 $ 2,253 $ 2,431 Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases April 30, 2024 July 31, 2023 Weighted-average remaining lease term-operating leases 2.5 2.3 Weighted-average discount rate-operating leases 4.4 % 3.7 % In the nine months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company obtained right-of-use assets of $ 0.9 1.7 The Company’s aggregate operating lease liability was as follows: Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability April 30, 2024 July 31, 2023 (in thousands) Operating lease liabilities included in “ Other current liabilities $ 2,804 $ 2,861 Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities 1,753 2,881 Total $ 4,557 $ 5,742 Future minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows: Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (in thousands) Twelve-month period ending April 30: 2025 $ 2,953 2026 796 2027 559 2028 272 2029 180 Thereafter 105 Total lease payments 4,865 Less imputed interest (308 ) Total operating lease liabilities $ 4,557

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Res

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	Note 5— Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows: Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents April 30, 2024 July 31, 2023 (in thousands) Cash and cash equivalents $ 139,773 $ 103,637 Restricted cash and cash equivalents 93,072 95,186 Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents $ 232,845 $ 198,823 At April 30, 2024 and July 31, 2023, restricted cash and cash equivalents included $ 84.5 87.3 Company Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company treats unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held by IDT Payment Services, Inc. and IDT Payment Services of New York, LLC, which provide the Company’s international money transfer services in the United States, as substantially restricted and unavailable for other purposes. At April 30, 2024 and July 31, 2023, “Cash and cash equivalents” in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets included an aggregate of $ 42.2 20.6

Debt Securities

Debt Securities	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Debt Securities	Note 6— Debt Securities The following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities: Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in thousands) April 30, 2024: U.S. Treasury bills and notes $ 23,710 $ — $ (131 ) $ 23,579 Government sponsored enterprise notes 2,378 — (6 ) 2,372 Corporate bonds 3,864 — (431 ) 3,433 Total $ 29,952 $ — $ (568 ) $ 29,384 July 31, 2023: Certificates of deposit * $ 4,080 $ — $ (4 ) $ 4,076 U.S. Treasury bills and notes 31,186 — (148 ) 31,038 Government sponsored enterprise notes 3,881 — (8 ) 3,873 Corporate bonds 3,912 — (485 ) 3,427 Total $ 43,059 $ — $ (645 ) $ 42,414 * Each of the Company’s certificates of deposit has a CUSIP, was purchased in the secondary market through a broker and may be sold in the secondary market. The gross unrealized losses in the table above are recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” in the consolidated balance sheets. As of April 30, 2024, the Company determined that the unrealized losses were due to changes in interest rates or market liquidity and were not due to credit losses. In addition, as of April 30, 2024 and July 31, 2023, the Company did not intend to sell any of the securities with unrealized losses, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell any of these securities before recovery of the unrealized losses, which may be at maturity. Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $ 10.3 6.8 41.5 34.3 The contractual maturities of the Company’s available-for-sale debt securities at April 30, 2024 were as follows: Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities Fair Value (in thousands) Within one year $ 21,816 After one year through five years 6,441 After five years through ten years 1,078 After ten years 49 Total $ 29,384 The following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not recognized: Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in thousands) April 30, 2024: U.S. Treasury bills and notes $ 131 $ 23,579 Government sponsored enterprise notes 6 2,372 Corporate bonds 431 3,433 Total $ 568 $ 29,384 July 31, 2023: Certificates of deposit $ 4 $ 3,356 U.S. Treasury bills and notes 148 31,038 Government sponsored enterprise notes 8 3,873 Corporate bonds 485 3,368 Total $ 645 $ 41,635 The following available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer: Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in thousands) April 30, 2024: U.S. Treasury bills and notes $ 72 $ 2,950 Corporate bonds 411 3,218 Total $ 483 $ 6,168 July 31, 2023: U.S. Treasury bills and notes $ 86 $ 816 Corporate bonds 484 3,299 Total $ 570 $ 4,115

Equity Investments

Equity Investments	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Equity Investments	Note 7— Equity Investments Equity investments consist of the following: Schedule of Equity Investments April 30, 2024 July 31, 2023 (in thousands) Zedge, Inc. Class B common stock, 42,282 $ 102 $ 89 Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock, 278,810 443 558 Other marketable equity securities 169 1,497 Fixed income mutual funds 4,130 4,054 Current equity investments $ 4,844 $ 6,198 Visa Inc. Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock (“Visa Series C Preferred”) $ 1,425 $ 1,263 Convertible preferred stock—equity method investment 1,565 2,784 Hedge funds 2,915 3,002 Other 725 2,825 Noncurrent equity investments $ 6,630 $ 9,874 Howard S. Jonas, the Chairman of the Company and the Chairman of the Company’s Board of Directors, is also the Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors of Zedge, Inc. and the Chairman of the Board of Directors and Executive Chairman of Rafael Holdings, Inc. The changes in the carrying value of the Company’s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company elected the measurement alternative was as follows: Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 1,719 $ 1,594 $ 1,632 $ 1,501 Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer (25 ) 13 162 106 Upward adjustment — — 130 — Redemption — — (230 ) — Impairments — — — — Balance, end of the period $ 1,694 $ 1,607 $ 1,694 $ 1,607 The Company adjusted the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held based on the fair value of Visa Class A common stock, including a discount for lack of current marketability, which is classified as “Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer” in the table above. In addition, in connection with the acquisition of Regal Bancorp by SR Bancorp, the Company received cash of $ 0.2 Unrealized losses for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following: Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Net losses recognized during the period on equity investments $ (78 ) $ (480 ) $ (280 ) $ (2,649 ) Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity investments sold during the period — — 130 18 Unrealized losses recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date $ (78 ) $ (480 ) $ (410 ) $ (2,667 ) The unrealized losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments: Rafael Class B common stock $ (61 ) $ 11 $ (115 ) $ 20 Zedge Class B common stock $ (36 ) $ (9 ) $ 13 $ (33 ) Unrealized losses recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date $ (36 ) $ (9 ) $ 13 $ (33 ) Equity Method Investment The Company has an investment in shares of convertible preferred stock of a communications company (the equity method investee, or “EMI”). As of April 30, 2024 and July 31, 2023, the Company’s ownership was 33.4 33.3 The Company determined that on the dates of the acquisitions of the EMI’s shares, there were differences between its investment in the EMI and its proportional interest in the equity of the EMI of an aggregate of $ 8.2 These basis differences are being amortized over the 6-year estimated life of the customer list. In February 2024, each of the EMI’s shareholders (including the Company) agreed to purchase additional shares of the EMI’s convertible preferred stock. The Company paid an aggregate of $ 0.5 In April 2024, each of the EMI’s shareholders (including the Company) agreed to purchase additional shares of the EMI’s convertible preferred stock. The Company paid $ 0.3 0.2 The following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company’s equity method investment: Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 1,932 $ (374 ) $ 2,784 $ 1,001 Purchase of convertible preferred stock 504 168 1,513 168 Conversion of secured promissory notes into convertible preferred stock — 4,038 — 4,038 Equity in the net loss of investee (529 ) (532 ) (1,704 ) (1,544 ) Amortization of equity method basis difference (342 ) (236 ) (1,028 ) (599 ) Balance, end of the period $ 1,565 $ 3,064 $ 1,565 $ 3,064 Summarized financial information of the EMI was as follows: Summary of Statements of Operations Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Revenues $ 3,351 $ 2,115 $ 11,156 $ 5,806 Costs and expenses: Direct cost of revenues 2,477 1,693 9,013 4,921 Selling, general and administrative 2,366 2,080 6,892 5,488 Total costs and expenses 4,843 3,773 15,905 10,409 Loss from operations (1,492 ) (1,658 ) (4,749 ) (4,603 ) Other income (expense), net 20 (266 ) 20 (1,108 ) Net loss $ (1,472 ) $ (1,924 ) $ (4,729 ) $ (5,711 )

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Measurements	Note 8— Fair Value Measurements The following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Level 1 (1) Level 2 (2) Level 3 (3) Total (in thousands) April 30, 2024 Debt securities $ 23,579 $ 5,805 $ — $ 29,384 Equity investments included in current assets 4,844 — — 4,844 Equity investments included in noncurrent assets — 500 1,425 1,925 Total $ 28,423 $ 6,305 $ 1,425 $ 36,153 Acquisition consideration included in: Other current liabilities $ — $ — $ (190 ) $ (190 ) Other noncurrent liabilities — — (2,722 ) (2,722 ) Total $ — $ — $ (2,912 ) $ (2,912 ) July 31, 2023 Debt securities $ 31,038 $ 11,376 $ — $ 42,414 Equity investments included in current assets 6,198 — — 6,198 Equity investments included in noncurrent assets — 2,500 1,263 3,763 Total $ 37,236 $ 13,876 $ 1,263 $ 52,375 Acquisition consideration included in: Other current liabilities $ — $ — $ (2,032 ) $ (2,032 ) Other noncurrent liabilities — — (2,773 ) (2,773 ) Total $ — $ — $ (4,805 ) $ (4,805 ) (1) – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (2) – observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (3) – no observable pricing inputs in the market At April 30, 2024 and July 31, 2023, the Company had $ 2.9 3.0 million, respectively, in investments in hedge funds, which were included in noncurrent “Equity investments” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s investments in hedge funds were accounted for using the equity method, therefore they were not measured at fair value. The following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3): Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 1,450 $ 1,225 $ 1,263 $ 1,132 Total (losses) gains included in “Other expense, net” (25 ) 13 162 106 Balance, end of period $ 1,425 $ 1,238 $ 1,425 $ 1,238 Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period $ — $ — $ — $ — The following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3): Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 4,517 $ 6,609 $ 4,805 $ 8,546 Payments (1,650 ) (1,800 ) (1,864 ) (2,175 ) Total losses (gains) included in: “Other operating expense, net” — 216 (73 ) (1,349 ) Interest expense included in “Interest income, net” 45 97 45 97 “Foreign currency translation adjustment” — 2 (1 ) 5 Balance, end of period $ 2,912 $ 5,124 $ 2,912 $ 5,124 Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period $ — $ — $ — $ — In the nine months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company paid an aggregate of $ 1.9 million and $ 2.2 million, respectively, for contingent consideration related to prior acquisitions, which, in the nine months ended April 30, 2024, included 2,679 0.1 0.1 million and $ 1.6 million in the nine months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, on the write-off of these contingent consideration payment obligations. Also, in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2023, the Company increased the estimated fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration by $ 0.2 million. These write-offs of contingent consideration net of the increase in the contingent consideration were included in “Other operating expense, net” in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments The estimated fair value of the Company’s other financial instruments was determined using available market information or other appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting these data to develop estimates of fair value. Consequently, the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or would be paid in a current market exchange. Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, settlement assets, other current assets, customer deposits, settlement liabilities, and other current liabilities. Other assets and other liabilities.

Variable Interest Entity

Variable Interest Entity	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Variable Interest Entity	Note 9— Variable Interest Entity The Company is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) that operates money transfer businesses. The Company determined that, effective May 31, 2021, it had the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and the Company has the obligation to absorb losses of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to it. As a result, the Company consolidates the VIE. The Company does not currently own any interest in the VIE and thus the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling interests in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. T Schedule of Net (Loss) Income and Aggregate Funding to the Company by VIE Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Net income of the VIE $ 301 $ 43 $ 275 $ 208 Aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company, net $ (110 ) $ — $ 127 $ 87 The VIE’s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows: VIE’s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet April 30, July 31, (in thousands) Assets: Cash and equivalents $ 2,529 $ 1,596 Restricted cash 8,525 7,848 Trade accounts receivable, net 99 62 Disbursement prefunding 1,375 585 Prepaid expenses 220 197 Other current assets 307 317 Property, plant, and equipment, net 156 272 Other intangibles, net 622 737 Total assets $ 13,833 $ 11,614 Liabilities and noncontrolling interests: Trade accounts payable $ 51 $ — Accrued expenses 137 70 Settlement liabilities 9,247 7,573 Due to the Company 153 26 Accumulated other comprehensive income 46 21 Noncontrolling interests 4,199 3,924 Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests $ 13,833 $ 11,614 The VIE’s assets may only be used to settle the VIE’s obligations and may not be used for other consolidated entities. The VIE’s liabilities are non-recourse to the general credit of the Company’s other consolidated entities.

Other Operating Expense, Net

Other Operating Expense, Net	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
Other Operating Expense, Net	Note 10— Other Operating Expense, Net The following table summarizes the other operating expense, net by business segment: Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Corporate—Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees $ (3,157 ) $ (973 ) $ (5,921 ) $ (5,082 ) Corporate—Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims — 337 2,869 3,325 Corporate—other — — 12 — Fintech—write-off of intangible asset (74 ) — (74 ) — Fintech—write-off of contingent consideration liability — — — 1,565 Fintech— government grants — — — 382 net2phone—write-off of contingent consideration liability — — 73 — Traditional Communications— cable telephony customer indemnification claim — (3,912 ) — (3,925 ) Traditional Communications— contingent consideration liability — (216 ) — (216 ) Traditional Communications—other — — — 3 Total other operating expense, net $ (3,231 ) $ (4,764 ) $ (3,041 ) $ (3,948 ) Straight Path Communications Inc. Class Action As discussed in Note 16, the Company (as well as other defendants) was named in a class action on behalf of the stockholders of the Company’s former subsidiary, Straight Path Communications Inc. (“Straight Path”). The Company incurred legal fees and recorded offsetting gains from insurance claims related to this action in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023. On October 3, 2023, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware dismissed all claims against the Company, and found that, contrary to the plaintiffs’ allegations, the class suffered no damages. The plaintiffs will have 30 days from entry of the final order to file an appeal. Contingent Consideration Liabilities In January 2024, the Company determined that the requirement for a contingent consideration payment related to an acquisition in a prior period would not be met. In addition, in September 2022, the Company determined that the requirements for a portion of the contingent consideration payments related to the Leaf acquisition would not be met. The Company recognized gains on the write-off of these contingent consideration payment obligations in the net2phone and Fintech segments. Also, in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2023, the Company increased the estimated fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration in its Traditional Communications segment by $ 0.2 Government Grants In the three and nine months ended April 30, 2023, Leaf received payments from government grants for the development and commercialization of blockchain-backed financial technologies. Indemnification Claim Beginning in June 2019, as part of a commercial resolution, the Company indemnified a cable telephony customer related to patent infringement claims brought against the customer. On May 8, 2023, the Company and the customer agreed to release the Company from the indemnification agreement in exchange for $ 3.9

Revolving Credit Facility

Revolving Credit Facility	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Revolving Credit Facility	Note 11— Revolving Credit Facility The Company’s subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc. (“IDT Telecom”), entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021, with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $ 25.0 no 32.9 2.4 The revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom’s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum at the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York plus 10 basis points, plus depending upon IDT Telecom’s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter, 125 to 175 basis points. Interest is payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2026 25.0

Equity

Equity	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Equity:
Equity	Note 12— Equity Dividend Payments In March 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors initiated a quarterly cash dividend of $ 0.05 1.3 In May 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a dividend of $ 0.05 June 17, 2024 June 10, 2024 2024 Equity Incentive Plan On December 13, 2023, the Company’s stockholders approved the adoption of the Company’s 2024 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2024 Plan”), which is intended to provide incentives to officers, employees, directors, and consultants of the Company, including stock options, stock appreciation rights, deferred stock units (“DSUs”), and restricted stock, from and after September 16, 2024. There are 250,000 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan On December 13, 2023, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) to increase the number of shares of the Company’s Class B common stock available for the grant of awards thereunder by an additional 250,000 In each of the nine months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company received cash from the exercise of stock options of $ 0.2 12,500 Stock Repurchases The Company has an existing stock repurchase program authorized by its Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of the Company’s Class B common stock. The Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 8.0 million shares in the aggregate. In the nine months ended April 30, 2024, the Company repurchased 204,107 shares of its Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $ 5.7 million. In the nine months ended April 30, 2023, the Company repurchased 280,130 shares of its Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $ 7.5 million. At April 30, 2024, 4.5 million shares remained available for repurchase under the stock repurchase program. In the nine months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company paid $ 1.5 and $ 0.3 million, respectively, to repurchase 41,994 and 13,547 shares, respectively, of the Company’s Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of the Company to satisfy the employees’ tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of DSUs, the lapsing of restrictions on restricted stock, and shares issued for bonus payments. Such shares were repurchased by the Company based on their fair market value as of the close of business on the trading day immediately prior to the vesting date. Deferred Stock Units Equity Incentive Program On November 30, 2022, the Company adopted an equity incentive program (under the 2015 Plan) in the form of grants of DSUs that, upon vesting, will entitle the grantees to receive shares of the Company’s Class B common stock. The number of shares that will be issuable on each vesting date will vary between 50% to 200% of the number of DSUs that vest on that vesting date, depending on the market price for the underlying Class B common stock on the vesting date relative to the base price approved by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors of $25.45 per share (which was based on the market price at the time of the initial grants under this program). 53,706 147,540 Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Abilio (“Bill”) Pereira On December 21, 2023, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Bill Pereira, the Company’s President and Chief Operating Officer. The agreement provides for, among other things, certain equity grants, including 23,500 DSUs that, upon vesting, represent the right to receive shares of the Company’s Class B common stock, and 50,000 shares of Class B common stock of net2phone 2.0, as well as a contingent bonus subject to the completion of certain financial milestones as set forth in the agreement. In the three and nine months ended April 30, 2024, one of these milestones was achieved, for which the Company issued 39,155 shares of its Class B common stock to Mr. Pereira with a value of $ 1.5 1.5 million and $ 3.0 million, respectively, related to these equity grants and the contingent bonus, which is included in “Selling, general and administrative expense” in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. At April 30, 2024, there was an aggregate of $ 0.2 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to Mr. Pereira’s non-vested DSUs, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining vesting period that ends in February 2025. Also at April 30, 2024, there was an aggregate of $ 0.9 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to the probable portion of Mr. Pereira’s contingent bonus, which is expected to be recognized over the estimated period that the Company expects the milestones to be achieved, which ends in the first quarter of fiscal 2025. Exchange of NRS Shares for the Company’s Shares In January 2024, three management employees of NRS exchanged shares of NRS’ Class B common stock that they held for shares of the Company’s Class B common stock with an equal value. The NRS shares in the exchange represented an aggregate of 1.25% 192,433 0.1 1.25% Restricted net2phone 2.0 Common Stock Repurchased from Employees In January 2024, the restrictions lapsed on the 0.5 50,000 4.5 3.6 53,000 3.61 3.6

Redeemable Noncontrolling Inter

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest	Note 13— Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest On September 29, 2021, NRS sold shares of its Class B common stock representing 2.5 10 The shares of NRS’ Class B common stock sold to Alta Fox have been classified as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets because they may be redeemed at the option of Alta Fox, although the shares are not mandatorily redeemable. The carrying amount of the shares includes the noncontrolling interest in the net income of NRS. The net income attributable to the mezzanine equity’s noncontrolling interest during the periods were as follows: Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity’s Noncontrolling Interest Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Net income of NRS attributable to the mezzanine equity’s noncontrolling interest $ 98 $ 60 $ 319 $ 258

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:
Earnings Per Share	Note 14— Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is computed in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect of such increase is anti-dilutive. The weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company’s common stockholders consists of the following: Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Basic weighted-average number of shares 25,345 25,518 25,233 25,544 Effect of dilutive securities: Stock options — 7 1 9 Non-vested restricted Class B common stock 171 87 146 36 Diluted weighted-average number of shares 25,516 25,612 25,380 25,589 There were no shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2024 and 2023.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Equity:
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Note 15— Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss The accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows: Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) Unrealized Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities Foreign Currency Translation Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (in thousands) Balance, July 31, 2023 $ (645 ) $ (16,547 ) $ (17,192 ) Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation 77 (128 ) (51 ) Balance, April 30, 2024 $ (568 ) $ (16,675 ) $ (17,243 )

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Note 16— Commitments and Contingencies Legal Proceedings On July 5, 2017, plaintiff JDS1, LLC, on behalf of itself and all other similarly situated stockholders of Straight Path, and derivatively on behalf of Straight Path as nominal defendant, filed a putative class action and derivative complaint in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware against the Company, The Patrick Henry Trust (a trust formed by Howard S. Jonas that held record and beneficial ownership of certain shares of Straight Path he formerly held), Howard S. Jonas, and each of Straight Path’s directors. The complaint alleged that the Company aided and abetted Straight Path Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer Davidi Jonas, and Howard S. Jonas in his capacity as controlling stockholder of Straight Path, in breaching their fiduciary duties to Straight Path in connection with the settlement of claims between Straight Path and the Company related to potential indemnification claims concerning Straight Path’s obligations under the Consent Decree it entered into with the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”), as well as the sale of Straight Path’s subsidiary Straight Path IP Group, Inc. to the Company in connection with that settlement. That action was consolidated with a similar action that was initiated by The Arbitrage Fund. The Plaintiffs sought, among other things, (i) a declaration that the action may be maintained as a class action or in the alternative, that demand on the Straight Path Board is excused; (ii) that the term sheet is invalid; (iii) awarding damages for the unfair price stockholders received in the merger between Straight Path and Verizon Communications Inc. for their shares of Straight Path’s Class B common stock; and (iv) ordering Howard S. Jonas, Davidi Jonas, and the Company to disgorge any profits for the benefit of the class Plaintiffs. On August 28, 2017, the Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The trial was held in August and December 2022, and closing arguments were presented on May 3, 2023. On October 3, 2023, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware dismissed all claims against the Company, and found that, contrary to the plaintiffs’ allegations, the class suffered no damages. The plaintiffs will have 30 days from entry of the final order to file an appeal. In addition to the foregoing, the Company is subject to other legal proceedings that have arisen in the ordinary course of business and have not been finally adjudicated. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company believes that none of the other legal proceedings to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, cash flows or financial condition. Sales Tax Contingency On June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that the Company has liability for periods for which it has not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions were successful it could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, and operating results. One or more jurisdictions may change their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to the Company’s operations, and if such changes were made it could materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial position, and operating results. Regulatory Fees Audit The Company’s 2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reports its calendar year 2016 revenue, was audited by the Universal Service Administrative Company (“USAC”). The USAC’s final decision imposed a $ 2.9 23.8 26.8 Purchase Commitments At April 30, 2024, the Company had purchase commitments of $ 3.2 Performance Bonds The Company has performance bonds issued through third parties for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states’ financial requirements for money remittance licenses and telecommunications resellers. At April 30, 2024, the Company had aggregate performance bonds of $ 29.0

Other Expense, Net

Other Expense, Net	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
Other Expense, Net	Note 17— Other Expense, Net Other expense, net consists of the following: Schedule of Other Income (Expense), Net Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains $ (2,302 ) $ 893 $ (3,291 ) $ 2,344 Equity in net loss of investee (871 ) (768 ) (2,732 ) (2,143 ) Losses on investments, net (78 ) (480 ) (280 ) (2,649 ) Other (22 ) (27 ) (23 ) (162 ) Total other expense, net $ (3,273 ) $ (382 ) $ (6,326 ) $ (2,610 )

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Note 18— Income Taxes As of April 30, 2024, the Company’s best estimate of the effective tax rate expected to be applicable for fiscal 2024 was 25.9 % compared to 27.0 % at July 31, 2023. The change in the estimated effective tax rate was mainly due to differences in the amount of taxable income earned in the various taxing jurisdictions.

Defined Contribution Plan

Defined Contribution Plan	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Defined Contribution Plan	Note 19— Defined Contribution Plan The Company maintains a 401(k) Plan available to all employees meeting certain eligibility criteria. The plan permits participants to contribute up to the maximum amount allowed by law. The plan provides for discretionary matching contributions that vest over the first five years 1.1

Recently Issued Accounting Stan

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted	Note 20— Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-08, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60) Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions,

Basis of Presentation (Policies

Basis of Presentation (Policies)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Reclassifications	Reclassifications From and after August 1, 2023, the Company includes depreciation and amortization in “Direct cost of revenues” and “Selling, general and administrative” expense and is reporting gross profit (in accordance with U.S. GAAP) in the consolidated statements of income. Prior to August 1, 2023, depreciation and amortization was a separate caption in the consolidated statements of income. From and after February 1, 2024, the Company reclassified most of its technology and development expenses from “Selling, general and administrative” expense to a new “Technology and development” expense caption in the consolidated statements of income and reclassified an amount that was immaterial in all periods to “Direct cost of revenues.” “Technology and development” expense consists primarily of personnel-related expenses for employees involved in the research, design, development, and maintenance of both new and existing technology products and services, including salaries, benefits, and stock-based compensation. “Technology and development” expense also includes costs for software licenses, subscription services, and other companywide technology tools dedicated for use by the Company’s technology and development teams. The costs of third-party contractors that support the Company’s technology and development are also included. “Technology and development” expense also includes the costs of product and engineering teams used to support the development of both internal infrastructure and internal-use software, to the extent such costs do not qualify for capitalization. The expenses reclassified to “Direct cost of revenues” are the costs of cloud computing arrangements hosted by a vendor in the production environment incurred by the net2phone segment and NRS, and net2phone’s colocation costs for data centers where net2phone is not fully operational in the cloud. Finally, depreciation and amortization of capitalized internal use software costs was reclassified from “Selling, general and administrative” expense to “Technology and development” expense. The following table shows the amounts that were reclassified in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2023 to conform to the current year’s presentation: Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified Three Months Ended April 30, 2023 Nine Months Ended April 30, 2023 (in thousands) Selling, general and administrative expense reclassified to: Direct cost of revenues $ 334 $ 944 Technology and development expense $ 8,896 $ 26,308 Selling, general and administrative expense $ 8,896 $ 26,308 Depreciation and amortization expense reclassified to: Direct cost of revenues $ 1,150 $ 3,289 Selling, general and administrative expense $ 786 $ 2,135 Technology and development expense $ 3,249 $ 9,562 Depreciation and amortization expense $ 3,249 $ 9,562 In the consolidated statements of cash flows, cash used in “Trade accounts receivable” in the nine months ended April 30, 2023 of $ 2.1
Recently Adopted Accounting Standard	Recently Adopted Accounting Standard On August 1, 2023, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326) Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,

Basis of Presentation (Tables)

Basis of Presentation (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified	The following table shows the amounts that were reclassified in the three and nine months ended April 30, 2023 to conform to the current year’s presentation: Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified Three Months Ended April 30, 2023 Nine Months Ended April 30, 2023 (in thousands) Selling, general and administrative expense reclassified to: Direct cost of revenues $ 334 $ 944 Technology and development expense $ 8,896 $ 26,308 Selling, general and administrative expense $ 8,896 $ 26,308 Depreciation and amortization expense reclassified to: Direct cost of revenues $ 1,150 $ 3,289 Selling, general and administrative expense $ 786 $ 2,135 Technology and development expense $ 3,249 $ 9,562 Depreciation and amortization expense $ 3,249 $ 9,562

Business Segment Information (T

Business Segment Information (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments	Operating results for the business segments of the Company were as follows: Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (in thousands) National Retail Solutions Fintech net2phone Traditional Communications Corporate Total Three Months Ended April 30, 2024 Revenues $ 25,712 $ 31,526 $ 20,677 $ 221,728 $ — $ 299,643 Income (loss) from operations 4,768 (553 ) 476 12,467 (5,726 ) 11,432 Depreciation and amortization: Included in “Direct cost of revenues” 501 47 600 168 — 1,316 Included in “Selling, general and administrative” expense 33 33 274 214 17 571 Included in “Technology and development” expense 285 643 700 1,596 — 3,224 Three Months Ended April 30, 2023 Revenues $ 18,073 $ 21,787 $ 18,392 $ 241,043 $ — $ 299,295 Income (loss) from operations 2,079 (1,318 ) (377 ) 12,924 (2,931 ) 10,377 Depreciation and amortization: Included in “Direct cost of revenues” 384 21 558 187 — 1,150 Included in “Selling, general and administrative” expense 29 317 213 227 — 786 Included in “Technology and development” expense 203 374 631 2,041 — 3,249 Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 Revenues $ 74,930 $ 86,076 $ 60,957 $ 674,983 $ — $ 896,946 Income (loss) from operations 15,578 (2,673 ) 836 42,491 (11,617 ) 44,615 Depreciation and amortization: Included in “Direct cost of revenues” 1,433 132 1,799 538 — 3,902 Included in “Selling, general and administrative” expense 96 361 709 592 65 1,823 Included in “Technology and development” expense 801 1,648 2,056 5,026 — 9,531 Nine Months Ended April 30, 2023 Revenues $ 57,208 $ 61,995 $ 53,136 $ 762,708 $ — $ 935,047 Income (loss) from operations 12,684 (613 ) (2,008 ) 47,195 (8,475 ) 48,783 Depreciation and amortization: Included in “Direct cost of revenues” 1,061 65 1,592 571 — 3,289 Included in “Selling, general and administrative” expense 88 955 762 294 36 2,135 Included in “Technology and development” expense 539 970 1,790 6,263 — 9,562 Total depreciation and amortization 539 970 1,790 6,263 — 9,562

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

Revenue Recognition (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers	The following table shows the Company’s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers: Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers 2024 2023 2024 2023 Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) National Retail Solutions $ 25,712 $ 18,073 $ 74,930 $ 57,208 BOSS Money 27,593 19,441 76,871 54,644 Other 3,933 2,346 9,205 7,351 Total Fintech 31,526 21,787 86,076 61,995 net2phone 20,677 18,392 60,957 53,136 IDT Digital Payments 101,559 101,030 301,165 316,207 BOSS Revolution Calling 63,245 77,646 201,169 246,729 IDT Global 50,067 54,473 150,843 174,715 Other 6,857 7,894 21,806 25,057 Total Traditional Communications 221,728 241,043 674,983 762,708 Total $ 299,643 $ 299,295 $ 896,946 $ 935,047 Revenues $ 299,643 $ 299,295 $ 896,946 $ 935,047
Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region	The following table shows the Company’s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location: Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (in thousands) National Retail Solutions Fintech net2phone Traditional Communications Total Three Months Ended April 30, 2024 United States $ 25,712 $ 30,469 $ 11,330 $ 166,093 $ 233,604 Outside the United States: United Kingdom — — — 48,441 48,441 Other — 1,057 9,347 7,194 17,598 Total outside the United States — 1,057 9,347 55,635 66,039 Total $ 25,712 $ 31,526 $ 20,677 $ 221,728 $ 299,643 Revenues $ 25,712 $ 31,526 $ 20,677 $ 221,728 $ 299,643 (in thousands) National Retail Solutions Fintech net2phone Traditional Communications Total Three Months Ended April 30, 2023 United States $ 18,073 $ 21,124 $ 9,571 $ 166,854 $ 215,622 Outside the United States: United Kingdom — — — 64,415 64,415 Other — 663 8,821 9,774 19,258 Total outside the United States — 663 8,821 74,189 83,673 Total $ 18,073 $ 21,787 $ 18,392 $ 241,043 $ 299,295 Revenues $ 18,073 $ 21,787 $ 18,392 $ 241,043 $ 299,295 (in thousands) National Retail Solutions Fintech net2phone Traditional Communications Total Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 United States $ 74,930 $ 83,204 $ 32,718 $ 492,935 $ 683,787 Outside the United States: United Kingdom — — — 157,673 157,673 Other — 2,872 28,239 24,375 55,486 Total outside the United States — 2,872 28,239 182,048 213,159 Total $ 74,930 $ 86,076 $ 60,957 $ 674,983 $ 896,946 Revenues $ 74,930 $ 86,076 $ 60,957 $ 674,983 $ 896,946 (in thousands) National Retail Solutions Fintech net2phone Traditional Communications Total Nine Months Ended April 30, 2023 United States $ 57,208 $ 59,991 $ 27,888 $ 528,116 $ 673,203 Outside the United States: United Kingdom — — — 202,355 202,355 Other — 2,004 25,248 32,237 59,489 Total outside the United States — 2,004 25,248 234,592 261,844 Total $ 57,208 $ 61,995 $ 53,136 $ 762,708 $ 935,047 Revenues $ 57,208 $ 61,995 $ 53,136 $ 762,708 $ 935,047
Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment	Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (in thousands) National Retail Solutions net2phone Total Twelve-month period ending April 30: 2025 $ 6,305 $ 38,388 $ 44,693 2026 5,262 18,749 24,011 Thereafter 5,128 6,319 11,447 Total $ 16,695 $ 63,456 $ 80,151
Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities	The following table presents information about the Company’s contract liability balance: Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities 2024 2023 2024 2023 Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period $ 15,231 $ 16,772 $ 20,477 $ 21,890
Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs	The Company’s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows: Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs April 30, 2024 July 31, 2023 (in thousands) Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in “Other current assets” $ 4,145 $ 4,460 Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in “Other assets” 3,957 3,734 Total $ 8,102 $ 8,194
Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs	The Company’s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs during the periods were as follows: Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs 2024 2023 2024 2023 Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs $ 1,167 $ 1,226 $ 3,576 $ 3,631

Leases (Tables)

Leases (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Leases
Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases	Supplemental disclosures related to the Company’s operating leases were as follows: Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases 2024 2023 2024 2023 Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Operating lease cost $ 746 $ 817 $ 2,238 $ 2,384 Short-term lease cost 311 256 770 784 Total lease cost $ 1,057 $ 1,073 $ 3,008 $ 3,168 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 738 $ 842 $ 2,253 $ 2,431 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ 738 $ 842 $ 2,253 $ 2,431
Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases	Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases April 30, 2024 July 31, 2023 Weighted-average remaining lease term-operating leases 2.5 2.3 Weighted-average discount rate-operating leases 4.4 % 3.7 %
Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability	The Company’s aggregate operating lease liability was as follows: Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability April 30, 2024 July 31, 2023 (in thousands) Operating lease liabilities included in “ Other current liabilities $ 2,804 $ 2,861 Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities 1,753 2,881 Total $ 4,557 $ 5,742
Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities	Future minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows: Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (in thousands) Twelve-month period ending April 30: 2025 $ 2,953 2026 796 2027 559 2028 272 2029 180 Thereafter 105 Total lease payments 4,865 Less imputed interest (308 ) Total operating lease liabilities $ 4,557

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and R_2

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows: Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents April 30, 2024 July 31, 2023 (in thousands) Cash and cash equivalents $ 139,773 $ 103,637 Restricted cash and cash equivalents 93,072 95,186 Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents $ 232,845 $ 198,823

Debt Securities (Tables)

Debt Securities (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities	The following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities: Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in thousands) April 30, 2024: U.S. Treasury bills and notes $ 23,710 $ — $ (131 ) $ 23,579 Government sponsored enterprise notes 2,378 — (6 ) 2,372 Corporate bonds 3,864 — (431 ) 3,433 Total $ 29,952 $ — $ (568 ) $ 29,384 July 31, 2023: Certificates of deposit * $ 4,080 $ — $ (4 ) $ 4,076 U.S. Treasury bills and notes 31,186 — (148 ) 31,038 Government sponsored enterprise notes 3,881 — (8 ) 3,873 Corporate bonds 3,912 — (485 ) 3,427 Total $ 43,059 $ — $ (645 ) $ 42,414 * Each of the Company’s certificates of deposit has a CUSIP, was purchased in the secondary market through a broker and may be sold in the secondary market.
Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities	The contractual maturities of the Company’s available-for-sale debt securities at April 30, 2024 were as follows: Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities Fair Value (in thousands) Within one year $ 21,816 After one year through five years 6,441 After five years through ten years 1,078 After ten years 49 Total $ 29,384
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position	The following available-for-sale debt securities were in an unrealized loss position for which other-than-temporary impairments were not recognized: Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in thousands) April 30, 2024: U.S. Treasury bills and notes $ 131 $ 23,579 Government sponsored enterprise notes 6 2,372 Corporate bonds 431 3,433 Total $ 568 $ 29,384 July 31, 2023: Certificates of deposit $ 4 $ 3,356 U.S. Treasury bills and notes 148 31,038 Government sponsored enterprise notes 8 3,873 Corporate bonds 485 3,368 Total $ 645 $ 41,635
Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer	The following available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer: Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer Unrealized Losses Fair Value (in thousands) April 30, 2024: U.S. Treasury bills and notes $ 72 $ 2,950 Corporate bonds 411 3,218 Total $ 483 $ 6,168 July 31, 2023: U.S. Treasury bills and notes $ 86 $ 816 Corporate bonds 484 3,299 Total $ 570 $ 4,115

Equity Investments (Tables)

Equity Investments (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Schedule of Equity Investments	Equity investments consist of the following: Schedule of Equity Investments April 30, 2024 July 31, 2023 (in thousands) Zedge, Inc. Class B common stock, 42,282 $ 102 $ 89 Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class B common stock, 278,810 443 558 Other marketable equity securities 169 1,497 Fixed income mutual funds 4,130 4,054 Current equity investments $ 4,844 $ 6,198 Visa Inc. Series C Convertible Participating Preferred Stock (“Visa Series C Preferred”) $ 1,425 $ 1,263 Convertible preferred stock—equity method investment 1,565 2,784 Hedge funds 2,915 3,002 Other 725 2,825 Noncurrent equity investments $ 6,630 $ 9,874
Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments	The changes in the carrying value of the Company’s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company elected the measurement alternative was as follows: Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 1,719 $ 1,594 $ 1,632 $ 1,501 Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer (25 ) 13 162 106 Upward adjustment — — 130 — Redemption — — (230 ) — Impairments — — — — Balance, end of the period $ 1,694 $ 1,607 $ 1,694 $ 1,607
Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments	Unrealized losses for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following: Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Net losses recognized during the period on equity investments $ (78 ) $ (480 ) $ (280 ) $ (2,649 ) Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity investments sold during the period — — 130 18 Unrealized losses recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date $ (78 ) $ (480 ) $ (410 ) $ (2,667 ) The unrealized losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Unrealized (losses) gains recognized during the period on equity investments: Rafael Class B common stock $ (61 ) $ 11 $ (115 ) $ 20 Zedge Class B common stock $ (36 ) $ (9 ) $ 13 $ (33 ) Unrealized losses recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date $ (36 ) $ (9 ) $ 13 $ (33 )
Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments	The following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company’s equity method investment: Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 1,932 $ (374 ) $ 2,784 $ 1,001 Purchase of convertible preferred stock 504 168 1,513 168 Conversion of secured promissory notes into convertible preferred stock — 4,038 — 4,038 Equity in the net loss of investee (529 ) (532 ) (1,704 ) (1,544 ) Amortization of equity method basis difference (342 ) (236 ) (1,028 ) (599 ) Balance, end of the period $ 1,565 $ 3,064 $ 1,565 $ 3,064
Summary of Statements of Operations	Summarized financial information of the EMI was as follows: Summary of Statements of Operations Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Revenues $ 3,351 $ 2,115 $ 11,156 $ 5,806 Costs and expenses: Direct cost of revenues 2,477 1,693 9,013 4,921 Selling, general and administrative 2,366 2,080 6,892 5,488 Total costs and expenses 4,843 3,773 15,905 10,409 Loss from operations (1,492 ) (1,658 ) (4,749 ) (4,603 ) Other income (expense), net 20 (266 ) 20 (1,108 ) Net loss $ (1,472 ) $ (1,924 ) $ (4,729 ) $ (5,711 )

Fair Value Measurements (Tables

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis	The following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Level 1 (1) Level 2 (2) Level 3 (3) Total (in thousands) April 30, 2024 Debt securities $ 23,579 $ 5,805 $ — $ 29,384 Equity investments included in current assets 4,844 — — 4,844 Equity investments included in noncurrent assets — 500 1,425 1,925 Total $ 28,423 $ 6,305 $ 1,425 $ 36,153 Acquisition consideration included in: Other current liabilities $ — $ — $ (190 ) $ (190 ) Other noncurrent liabilities — — (2,722 ) (2,722 ) Total $ — $ — $ (2,912 ) $ (2,912 ) July 31, 2023 Debt securities $ 31,038 $ 11,376 $ — $ 42,414 Equity investments included in current assets 6,198 — — 6,198 Equity investments included in noncurrent assets — 2,500 1,263 3,763 Total $ 37,236 $ 13,876 $ 1,263 $ 52,375 Acquisition consideration included in: Other current liabilities $ — $ — $ (2,032 ) $ (2,032 ) Other noncurrent liabilities — — (2,773 ) (2,773 ) Total $ — $ — $ (4,805 ) $ (4,805 ) (1) – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (2) – observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (3) – no observable pricing inputs in the market
Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)	The following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3): Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) 2024 2023 2024 2023 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 1,450 $ 1,225 $ 1,263 $ 1,132 Total (losses) gains included in “Other expense, net” (25 ) 13 162 106 Balance, end of period $ 1,425 $ 1,238 $ 1,425 $ 1,238 Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period $ — $ — $ — $ —
Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)	The following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3): Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Balance, beginning of period $ 4,517 $ 6,609 $ 4,805 $ 8,546 Payments (1,650 ) (1,800 ) (1,864 ) (2,175 ) Total losses (gains) included in: “Other operating expense, net” — 216 (73 ) (1,349 ) Interest expense included in “Interest income, net” 45 97 45 97 “Foreign currency translation adjustment” — 2 (1 ) 5 Balance, end of period $ 2,912 $ 5,124 $ 2,912 $ 5,124 Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period $ — $ — $ — $ —

Variable Interest Entity (Table

Variable Interest Entity (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Schedule of Net (Loss) Income and Aggregate Funding to the Company by VIE	T Schedule of Net (Loss) Income and Aggregate Funding to the Company by VIE Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Net income of the VIE $ 301 $ 43 $ 275 $ 208 Aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company, net $ (110 ) $ — $ 127 $ 87
VIE’s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet	The VIE’s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows: VIE’s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet April 30, July 31, (in thousands) Assets: Cash and equivalents $ 2,529 $ 1,596 Restricted cash 8,525 7,848 Trade accounts receivable, net 99 62 Disbursement prefunding 1,375 585 Prepaid expenses 220 197 Other current assets 307 317 Property, plant, and equipment, net 156 272 Other intangibles, net 622 737 Total assets $ 13,833 $ 11,614 Liabilities and noncontrolling interests: Trade accounts payable $ 51 $ — Accrued expenses 137 70 Settlement liabilities 9,247 7,573 Due to the Company 153 26 Accumulated other comprehensive income 46 21 Noncontrolling interests 4,199 3,924 Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests $ 13,833 $ 11,614

Other Operating Expense, Net (T

Other Operating Expense, Net (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net	The following table summarizes the other operating expense, net by business segment: Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Corporate—Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees $ (3,157 ) $ (973 ) $ (5,921 ) $ (5,082 ) Corporate—Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims — 337 2,869 3,325 Corporate—other — — 12 — Fintech—write-off of intangible asset (74 ) — (74 ) — Fintech—write-off of contingent consideration liability — — — 1,565 Fintech— government grants — — — 382 net2phone—write-off of contingent consideration liability — — 73 — Traditional Communications— cable telephony customer indemnification claim — (3,912 ) — (3,925 ) Traditional Communications— contingent consideration liability — (216 ) — (216 ) Traditional Communications—other — — — 3 Total other operating expense, net $ (3,231 ) $ (4,764 ) $ (3,041 ) $ (3,948 )

Redeemable Noncontrolling Int_2

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]
Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity’s Noncontrolling Interest	Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity’s Noncontrolling Interest Three Months Ended April 30, Nine Months Ended April 30, 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Net income of NRS attributable to the mezzanine equity’s noncontrolling interest $ 98 $ 60 $ 319 $ 258

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

Earnings Per Share (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:
Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share	The weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company’s common stockholders consists of the following: Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Basic weighted-average number of shares 25,345 25,518 25,233 25,544 Effect of dilutive securities: Stock options — 7 1 9 Non-vested restricted Class B common stock 171 87 146 36 Diluted weighted-average number of shares 25,516 25,612 25,380 25,589

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_2

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Equity:
Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss)	The accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows: Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) Unrealized Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities Foreign Currency Translation Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (in thousands) Balance, July 31, 2023 $ (645 ) $ (16,547 ) $ (17,192 ) Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation 77 (128 ) (51 ) Balance, April 30, 2024 $ (568 ) $ (16,675 ) $ (17,243 )

Other Expense, Net (Tables)

Other Expense, Net (Tables)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
Schedule of Other Income (Expense), Net	Other expense, net consists of the following: Schedule of Other Income (Expense), Net Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended 2024 2023 2024 2023 (in thousands) Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains $ (2,302 ) $ 893 $ (3,291 ) $ 2,344 Equity in net loss of investee (871 ) (768 ) (2,732 ) (2,143 ) Losses on investments, net (78 ) (480 ) (280 ) (2,649 ) Other (22 ) (27 ) (23 ) (162 ) Total other expense, net $ (3,273 ) $ (382 ) $ (6,326 ) $ (2,610 )

Schedule of Amount that were Re

Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Product Information [Line Items]
Selling, general and administrative expense	[1]	$ 68,962	$ 60,130	$ 200,685	$ 177,475
Depreciation and amortization expense				15,256	14,986
Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]
Product Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expense		1,316	1,150	3,902	3,289
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Product Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expense		571	786	1,823	2,135
Technology and Development Expense [Member]
Product Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expense		$ 3,224	3,249	$ 9,531	9,562
Previously Reported [Member] | Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]
Product Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expense			1,150		3,289
Previously Reported [Member] | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Product Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expense			786		2,135
Previously Reported [Member] | Technology and Development Expense [Member]
Product Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization expense			3,249		9,562
Previously Reported [Member] | Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]
Product Information [Line Items]
Selling, general and administrative expense			334		944
Previously Reported [Member] | Technology and Development Expense [Member]
Product Information [Line Items]
Selling, general and administrative expense			$ 8,896		$ 26,308
[1] Stock-based compensation included in: Technology and development expense & Selling, general and administrative expense

Basis of Presentation (Details

Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Trade accounts receivable	$ 9,000	$ (57)
Previously Reported [Member]
Trade accounts receivable		$ 2,100
net2phone 2.0, Inc. [Member]
Ownership percentage	94%
Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage	90.10%
National Retail Solutions [Member]
Ownership percentage	81.20%
Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage	78.90%

Schedule of Operating Results o

Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 299,643	$ 299,295	$ 896,946	$ 935,047
Income (loss) from operations	11,432	10,377	44,615	48,783
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization			15,256	14,986
Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	1,316	1,150	3,902	3,289
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	571	786	1,823	2,135
Technology and Development Expense [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	3,224	3,249	9,531	9,562
National Retail Solutions [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	25,712	18,073	74,930	57,208
Income (loss) from operations	4,768	2,079	15,578	12,684
National Retail Solutions [Member] | Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	501	384	1,433	1,061
National Retail Solutions [Member] | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	33	29	96	88
National Retail Solutions [Member] | Technology and Development Expense [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	285	203	801	539
Fintech [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	31,526	21,787	86,076	61,995
Income (loss) from operations	(553)	(1,318)	(2,673)	(613)
Fintech [Member] | Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	47	21	132	65
Fintech [Member] | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	33	317	361	955
Fintech [Member] | Technology and Development Expense [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	643	374	1,648	970
net2 phone [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	20,677	18,392	60,957	53,136
Income (loss) from operations	476	(377)	836	(2,008)
net2 phone [Member] | Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	600	558	1,799	1,592
net2 phone [Member] | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	274	213	709	762
net2 phone [Member] | Technology and Development Expense [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	700	631	2,056	1,790
Traditional Communications [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	221,728	241,043	674,983	762,708
Income (loss) from operations	12,467	12,924	42,491	47,195
Traditional Communications [Member] | Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	168	187	538	571
Traditional Communications [Member] | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	214	227	592	294
Traditional Communications [Member] | Technology and Development Expense [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	1,596	2,041	5,026	6,263
Corporate Segment [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues
Income (loss) from operations	(5,726)	(2,931)	(11,617)	(8,475)
Corporate Segment [Member] | Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization
Corporate Segment [Member] | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization	17		65	36
Corporate Segment [Member] | Technology and Development Expense [Member]
Depreciation and amortization:
Total depreciation and amortization

Business Segment Information (D

Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024 Segments
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of reportable segments	4

Schedule of Revenues Disaggrega

Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 299,643	$ 299,295	$ 896,946	$ 935,047
National Retail Solutions [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	25,712	18,073	74,930	57,208
Fintech [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	31,526	21,787	86,076	61,995
Fintech [Member] | BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	27,593	19,441	76,871	54,644
Fintech [Member] | Other [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	3,933	2,346	9,205	7,351
net2 phone [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	20,677	18,392	60,957	53,136
Traditional Communications [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	221,728	241,043	674,983	762,708
Traditional Communications [Member] | Other [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	6,857	7,894	21,806	25,057
Traditional Communications [Member] | IDT Digital Payments [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	101,559	101,030	301,165	316,207
Traditional Communications [Member] | BOSS Revolution Calling [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	63,245	77,646	201,169	246,729
Traditional Communications [Member] | IDT Global [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 50,067	$ 54,473	$ 150,843	$ 174,715

Schedule of Revenues Disaggre_2

Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 299,643	$ 299,295	$ 896,946	$ 935,047
National Retail Solutions [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	25,712	18,073	74,930	57,208
Fintech [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	31,526	21,787	86,076	61,995
net2 phone [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	20,677	18,392	60,957	53,136
Traditional Communications [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	221,728	241,043	674,983	762,708
UNITED STATES
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	233,604	215,622	683,787	673,203
UNITED STATES | National Retail Solutions [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	25,712	18,073	74,930	57,208
UNITED STATES | Fintech [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	30,469	21,124	83,204	59,991
UNITED STATES | net2 phone [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	11,330	9,571	32,718	27,888
UNITED STATES | Traditional Communications [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	166,093	166,854	492,935	528,116
UNITED KINGDOM
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	48,441	64,415	157,673	202,355
UNITED KINGDOM | National Retail Solutions [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues
UNITED KINGDOM | Fintech [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues
UNITED KINGDOM | net2 phone [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues
UNITED KINGDOM | Traditional Communications [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	48,441	64,415	157,673	202,355
Others [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	17,598	19,258	55,486	59,489
Others [Member] | National Retail Solutions [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues
Others [Member] | Fintech [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	1,057	663	2,872	2,004
Others [Member] | net2 phone [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	9,347	8,821	28,239	25,248
Others [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	7,194	9,774	24,375	32,237
Non-US [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	66,039	83,673	213,159	261,844
Non-US [Member] | National Retail Solutions [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues
Non-US [Member] | Fintech [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	1,057	663	2,872	2,004
Non-US [Member] | net2 phone [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	9,347	8,821	28,239	25,248
Non-US [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 55,635	$ 74,189	$ 182,048	$ 234,592

Schedule of Estimated Revenue b

Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (Details) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-04-30
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	$ 80,151
Remaining Performance Obligations, Years	0 years
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-08-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	$ 44,693
Remaining Performance Obligations, Years	1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-08-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	$ 24,011
Remaining Performance Obligations, Years	1 year
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2027-08-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	$ 11,447
Remaining Performance Obligations, Years	0 years
National Retail Solutions [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-04-30
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	$ 16,695
National Retail Solutions [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-08-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	6,305
National Retail Solutions [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-08-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	5,262
National Retail Solutions [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2027-08-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	5,128
net2 phone [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-04-30
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	63,456
net2 phone [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-08-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	38,388
net2 phone [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-08-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	18,749
net2 phone [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2027-08-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total	$ 6,319

Schedule of Information About C

Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period	$ 15,231	$ 16,772	$ 20,477	$ 21,890

Schedule of Deferred Customer C

Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in “Other current assets”	$ 4,145	$ 4,460
Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in “Other assets”	3,957	3,734
Total	$ 8,102	$ 8,194

Schedule of Amortization of Def

Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs	$ 1,167	$ 1,226	$ 3,576	$ 3,631

Schedule of Supplemental Disclo

Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company's Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Leases
Operating lease cost	$ 746	$ 817	$ 2,238	$ 2,384
Short-term lease cost	311	256	770	784
Total lease cost	1,057	1,073	3,008	3,168
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ 738	$ 842	$ 2,253	$ 2,431

Schedule of Supplemental Disc_2

Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Leases
Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term	2 years 6 months	2 years 3 months 18 days
Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent	4.40%	3.70%

Schedule of Aggregate Operating

Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Leases
Operating lease liabilities included in “Other current liabilities”	$ 2,804	$ 2,861
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other current liabilities	Other current liabilities
Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities	$ 1,753	$ 2,881
Total	$ 4,557	$ 5,742

Schedule of Future Minimum Matu

Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Leases
2025	$ 2,953
2026	796
2027	559
2028	272
2029	180
Thereafter	105
Total lease payments	4,865
Less imputed interest	(308)
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 4,557	$ 5,742

Leases (Details Narrative)

Leases (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$ 0.9	$ 1.7
Minimum [Member]
Lessee, operating lease, term of contract	1 year
Maximum [Member]
Lessee, operating lease, term of contract	6 years

Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivale

Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023	Apr. 30, 2023	Jul. 31, 2022
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 139,773	$ 103,637
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	93,072	95,186
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents	$ 232,845	$ 198,823	$ 185,043	$ 189,562

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and R_3

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Restricted cash and cash equivalents, current	$ 93,072	$ 95,186
Cash and cash equivalents, at carrying value	139,773	103,637
IDT Financial Services Limited [Member]
Restricted cash and cash equivalents, current	84,500	87,300
IDT Payment Services [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents, at carrying value	$ 42,200	$ 20,600

Schedule of Available-for-sale

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost		$ 29,952	$ 43,059
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax		(568)	(645)
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale		29,384	42,414
US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost		23,710	31,186
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax		(131)	(148)
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale		23,579	31,038
US Government-sponsored Enterprises Debt Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost		2,378	3,881
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax		(6)	(8)
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale		2,372	3,873
Corporate Bond Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost		3,864	3,912
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax		(431)	(485)
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale		$ 3,433	3,427
Certificates of Deposit [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost	[1]		4,080
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax	[1]
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax	[1]		(4)
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale	[1]		$ 4,076
[1]Each of the Company’s certificates of deposit has a CUSIP, was purchased in the secondary market through a broker and may be sold in the secondary market.

Schedule of Contractual Maturit

Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Within one year	$ 21,816
After one year through five years	6,441
After five years through ten years	1,078
After ten years	49
Total	$ 29,384	$ 42,414

Schedule of Available-for-sal_2

Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	$ 568	$ 645
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position	29,384	41,635
US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	131	148
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position	23,579	31,038
US Government-sponsored Enterprises Debt Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	6	8
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position	2,372	3,873
Corporate Bond Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	431	485
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position	$ 3,433	3,368
Certificates of Deposit [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss		4
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position		$ 3,356

Schedule of Continuous Unrealiz

Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	$ 483	$ 570
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer	6,168	4,115
US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	72	86
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer	2,950	816
Corporate Bond Securities [Member]
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	411	484
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer	$ 3,218	$ 3,299

Debt Securities (Details Narrat

Debt Securities (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale	$ 10.3	$ 6.8	$ 41.5	$ 34.3

Schedule of Equity Investments

Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Current equity investments	$ 4,844	$ 6,198
Noncurrent equity investments	6,630	9,874
Other Marketable Equity Securities [Member]
Current equity investments	169	1,497
Mutual Fund [Member]
Current equity investments	4,130	4,054
Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]
Noncurrent equity investments	1,565	2,784
Hedge Funds [Member]
Noncurrent equity investments	2,915	3,002
Other Investments [Member]
Noncurrent equity investments	725	2,825
Common Class B [Member] | Zedge Inc [Member]
Current equity investments	102	89
Common Class B [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc [Member]
Current equity investments	443	558
Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] | Visa Inc. [Member]
Noncurrent equity investments	$ 1,425	$ 1,263

Schedule of Equity Investment_2

Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical) - Common Class B [Member] - shares	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Zedge Inc [Member]
Number of related party shares received	42,282	42,282
Rafael Holdings Inc [Member]
Number of related party shares received	278,810	278,810

Schedule of Carrying Value of E

Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]
Balance, beginning of period	$ 1,719	$ 1,594	$ 1,632	$ 1,501
Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer	(25)	13	162	106
Upward adjustment			130
Redemption			(230)
Impairments
Balance, end of the period	$ 1,694	$ 1,607	$ 1,694	$ 1,607

Schedule of Unrealized Gains (l

Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Net losses recognized during the period on equity investments	$ (78)	$ (480)	$ (280)	$ (2,649)
Less: net gains recognized during the period on equity investments sold during the period			130	18
Unrealized losses recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date	(78)	(480)	(410)	(2,667)
Rafael Class B Common Stock [Member]
Unrealized losses recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date	(61)	11	(115)	20
Zedge Class B Common Stock [Member]
Unrealized losses recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date	$ (36)	$ (9)	$ 13	$ (33)

Summary of Changes in Equity Me

Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Purchase of convertible preferred stock			$ 1,513	$ 168
Conversion of secured promissory notes into convertible preferred stock				4,038
Equity in the net loss of investee	$ (871)	$ (768)	(2,732)	(2,143)
Equity Method Investee [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Balance, beginning of period	1,932	(374)	2,784	1,001
Purchase of convertible preferred stock	504	168	1,513	168
Conversion of secured promissory notes into convertible preferred stock		4,038		4,038
Equity in the net loss of investee	(529)	(532)	(1,704)	(1,544)
Amortization of equity method basis difference	(342)	(236)	(1,028)	(599)
Balance, end of the period	$ 1,565	$ 3,064	$ 1,565	$ 3,064

Summary of Statements of Operat

Summary of Statements of Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Revenues		$ 299,643	$ 299,295	$ 896,946	$ 935,047
Selling, general and administrative	[1]	68,962	60,130	200,685	177,475
Total operating expenses		85,612	77,184	243,349	217,751
Income from operations		11,432	10,377	44,615	48,783
Other income (expense), net		(3,273)	(382)	(6,326)	(2,610)
Net income		6,342	7,744	30,572	35,608
Equity Method Investee [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Revenues		3,351	2,115	11,156	5,806
Direct cost of revenues		2,477	1,693	9,013	4,921
Selling, general and administrative		2,366	2,080	6,892	5,488
Total operating expenses		4,843	3,773	15,905	10,409
Income from operations		(1,492)	(1,658)	(4,749)	(4,603)
Other income (expense), net		20	(266)	20	(1,108)
Net income		$ (1,472)	$ (1,924)	$ (4,729)	$ (5,711)
[1] Stock-based compensation included in: Technology and development expense & Selling, general and administrative expense

Equity Investments (Details Nar

Equity Investments (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Jul. 31, 2023
Cash					$ (230)
Equity method investment, aggregate cost			$ 8,200		$ 8,200
Equity method investment, description					These basis differences are being amortized over the 6-year estimated life of the customer list.
Purchase of convertible preferred stock					$ 1,513	$ 168
Equity Method Investee [Member]
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage			33.40%		33.40%		33.30%
EMI Preferred Stock [Member]
Purchase of convertible preferred stock			$ 500
EMI Preferred Stock [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]
Purchase of convertible preferred stock	$ 300
Committed to purchase additional shares	$ 200
Regal Ban corp [Member]
Cash		$ 200

Schedule of Balance of Assets M

Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt securities		$ 29,384	$ 42,414
Fair Value, Recurring [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt securities		29,384	42,414
Equity investments included in current assets		4,844	6,198
Equity investments included in noncurrent assets		1,925	3,763
Total		36,153	52,375
Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities		(190)	(2,032)
Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities		(2,722)	(2,773)
Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities		(2,912)	(4,805)
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt securities	[1]	23,579	31,038
Equity investments included in current assets	[1]	4,844	6,198
Equity investments included in noncurrent assets	[1]
Total	[1]	28,423	37,236
Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities	[1]
Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities	[1]
Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities	[1]
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt securities	[2]	5,805	11,376
Equity investments included in current assets	[2]
Equity investments included in noncurrent assets	[2]	500	2,500
Total	[2]	6,305	13,876
Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities	[2]
Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities	[2]
Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities	[2]
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt securities	[3]
Equity investments included in current assets	[3]
Equity investments included in noncurrent assets	[3]	1,425	1,263
Total	[3]	1,425	1,263
Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities	[3]	(190)	(2,032)
Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities	[3]	(2,722)	(2,773)
Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities	[3]	$ (2,912)	$ (4,805)
[1]– quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities[2]– observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities[3]– no observable pricing inputs in the market

Schedule of Assets Measured at

Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Balance, beginning of period	$ 1,450	$ 1,225	$ 1,263	$ 1,132
Total (losses) gains included in “Other expense, net”	(25)	13	162	106
Balance, end of period	1,425	1,238	1,425	1,238
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period

Schedule of Liabilities Measure

Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Balance, beginning of period	$ 4,517	$ 6,609	$ 4,805	$ 8,546
Payments	(1,650)	(1,800)	(1,864)	(2,175)
“Other operating expense, net”		216	(73)	(1,349)
Interest expense included in “Interest income, net”	45	97	45	97
“Foreign currency translation adjustment”		2	(1)	5
Balance, end of period	2,912	5,124	2,912	5,124
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period

Fair Value Measurements (Detail

Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Jul. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Investment in hedge funds	$ 2,900		$ 2,900		$ 3,000
Payment for Contingent Consideration Liability, Investing Activities			1,900	$ 2,200
Business combination contingent consideration prior acquisition value	$ 100		100
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, change in amount of contingent consideration, liability			$ 100	1,600
Other Operating Income (Expense) [Member]
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Liabilities, fair value adjustment		$ 200		$ 200
Common Class B [Member]
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Business combination contingent consideration prior acquisition shares			2,679
Business combination contingent consideration prior acquisition value			$ 100

Schedule of Net (Loss) Income a

Schedule of Net (Loss) Income and Aggregate Funding to the Company by VIE (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Net income of the VIE	$ 301	$ 43	$ 275	$ 208
Aggregate funding (repaid to) provided by the Company, net	$ (110)		$ 127	$ 87

VIE_s Summarized Consolidated B

VIE’s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]
Cash and equivalents	$ 139,773	$ 103,637
Trade accounts receivable, net	38,967	32,092
Disbursement prefunding	36,626	30,113
Prepaid expenses	20,046	16,638
Other current assets	24,385	28,394
Property, plant, and equipment, net	38,515	38,655
Other intangibles, net	6,591	8,196
Total assets	517,302	510,810
Trade accounts payable	23,976	22,231
Accrued expenses	99,335	110,796
Settlement liabilities	22,853	21,495
Due to the Company	3,647	3,354
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(17,243)	(17,192)
Noncontrolling interests	8,793	6,267
Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests	517,302	510,810
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]
Cash and equivalents	2,529	1,596
Restricted cash	8,525	7,848
Trade accounts receivable, net	99	62
Disbursement prefunding	1,375	585
Prepaid expenses	220	197
Other current assets	307	317
Property, plant, and equipment, net	156	272
Other intangibles, net	622	737
Total assets	13,833	11,614
Trade accounts payable	51
Accrued expenses	137	70
Settlement liabilities	9,247	7,573
Accumulated other comprehensive income	46	21
Noncontrolling interests	4,199	3,924
Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests	13,833	11,614
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member] | Related Party [Member]
Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]
Due to the Company	$ 153	$ 26

Schedule of Other Operating (Ex

Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Corporate—Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees	$ (3,157)	$ (973)	$ (5,921)	$ (5,082)
Corporate—Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims		337	2,869	3,325
Corporate—other			12
Fintech—write-off of intangible asset	(74)		(74)
Fintech—write-off of contingent consideration liability			(100)	(1,600)
Fintech— government grants				382
net2phone—write-off of contingent consideration liability			73
Traditional Communications— cable telephony customer indemnification claim		(3,912)		(3,925)
Traditional Communications— contingent consideration liability		(216)		(216)
Traditional Communications—other				3
Total other operating expense, net	(3,231)	(4,764)	(3,041)	(3,948)
Fintech [Member]
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Fintech—write-off of contingent consideration liability				$ 1,565

Other Operating Expense, Net (D

Other Operating Expense, Net (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 08, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Traditional Communications- increase in contingent consideration liability			$ 216		$ 216
Traditional communications cable telephony customer indemnification claim			3,912		3,925
Indemnification Agreement [Member]
Traditional communications cable telephony customer indemnification claim	$ 3,900
Traditional Communications Segment [Member]
Traditional Communications- increase in contingent consideration liability			$ 200		$ 200

Revolving Credit Facility (Deta

Revolving Credit Facility (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Jul. 31, 2023	May 17, 2021
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Proceeds from lines of credit	$ 32,864,000	$ 2,383,000
Repayment of lines of credit	32,864,000	2,383,000
IDT Telecom [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Outstanding line of credit	0		$ 0
Proceeds from lines of credit	32,900,000	2,400,000
Repayment of lines of credit	$ 32,900,000	$ 2,400,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | TD Bank [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity				$ 25,000,000
Credit facility, description	The revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom’s assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum at the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York plus 10 basis points, plus depending upon IDT Telecom’s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter, 125 to 175 basis points. Interest is payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2026. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly unused commitment fee on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $25.0 million commitment of 30 to 85 basis points, depending upon IDT Telecom’s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter.
Debt instrument maturity date	May 16, 2026
Revolving credit, unused portion amount				$ 25,000,000

Equity (Details Narrative)

Equity (Details Narrative) - USD ($)					1 Months Ended			3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
		Feb. 21, 2024	Dec. 21, 2023	Dec. 13, 2023	May 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Jan. 31, 2024	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Cash dividend										$ 1,269,000
Dividends declared per share								$ 0.05		$ 0.05
Received cash from exercise of stock options										$ 172,000	172,000
Share Repurchase Program, Remaining Authorized, Number of Shares								4,500,000		4,500,000
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense										$ 5,375,000	3,537,000
Exchange of outstanding shares percentage							1.25%
Exchange of NRS shares for Class B common stock
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense	[1]							$ 2,027,000	$ 1,579,000	5,025,000	3,096,000
net2phone 2.0, Inc. [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Restricted common stock with holding employees outstanding shares percentage							4.50%
Amended And Restated Employment Agreement [Member] | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense								1,500,000		3,000,000
Amended And Restated Employment Agreement [Member] | Deferred Stock Units [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount								200,000		200,000
Amended And Restated Employment Agreement [Member] | Contingent Bonus [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount								900,000		900,000
Class A And Class B Common Stock[Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Cash dividend per share						$ 0.05
Cash dividend								$ 1,300,000		$ 1,300,000
Class A And Class B Common Stock[Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Dividends declared per share					$ 0.05
Dividend paid date					Jun. 17, 2024
Dividend record date					Jun. 10, 2024
Common Class B [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares during period							192,433
Exchange of outstanding shares percentage							1.25%
Exchange of NRS shares for Class B common stock							$ 100,000
Common Class B [Member] | net2phone 2.0, Inc. [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Vested shares							500,000
Shares granted							50,000
Offsetting income tax withholding liability							$ 3,600,000
Increase in non controlling interests							53,000
Decrease in additional paid in capital							$ 3,610,000
Common Class B [Member] | Deferred Stock Units [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Description										The number of shares that will be issuable on each vesting date will vary between 50% to 200% of the number of DSUs that vest on that vesting date, depending on the market price for the underlying Class B common stock on the vesting date relative to the base price approved by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors of $25.45 per share (which was based on the market price at the time of the initial grants under this program).
Vested shares		53,706
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number		147,540
Common Class B [Member] | 2024 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares, grant				250,000
Common Class B [Member] | 2015 Stock Option and Incentive Plan [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Additional number of shares authorized				250,000
Received cash from exercise of stock options										$ 200,000	$ 200,000
Shares issued										12,500	12,500
Common Class B [Member] | Amended And Restated Employment Agreement [Member] | net2phone 2.0, Inc. [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares granted			50,000
Common Class B [Member] | Amended And Restated Employment Agreement [Member] | Bill Pereira [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares during period										39,155
Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues										$ 1,500,000
Common Class B [Member] | Amended And Restated Employment Agreement [Member] | Bill Pereira [Member] | Deferred Stock Units [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares granted			23,500
Class B Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Share Repurchase Program, Authorized, Number of Shares								8,000,000		8,000,000
Treasury Stock, Shares, Acquired										204,107	280,130
Treasury Stock, Value, Acquired, Cost Method										$ 5,700,000	$ 7,500,000
Class B Common Stock [Member] | Employees [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Treasury Stock, Shares, Acquired										41,994	13,547
Treasury Stock, Value, Acquired, Cost Method										$ 1,500,000	$ 300,000
[1] Stock-based compensation included in: Technology and development expense & Selling, general and administrative expense

Schedule of Net Income Attribut

Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity’s Noncontrolling Interest (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]
Net income of NRS attributable to the mezzanine equity’s noncontrolling interest	$ 98	$ 60	$ 319	$ 258

Redeemable Noncontrolling Int_3

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative) - Common Class B [Member] - National Retail Solutions [Member] $ in Millions	Sep. 29, 2021 USD ($)
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Capital stock outstanding percentage	2.50%
Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction	$ 10

Schedule of Weighted-average Nu

Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:
Basic weighted-average number of shares	25,345	25,518	25,233	25,544
Stock options		7	1	9
Non-vested restricted Class B common stock	171	87	146	36
Diluted weighted-average number of shares	25,516	25,612	25,380	25,589

Schedule of Accumulated Balance

Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax			$ (17,192)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax	$ 33	$ (764)	(51)	$ (3,170)
Ending balance	(17,243)		(17,243)
AOCI, Accumulated Gain (Loss), Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Parent [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax			(645)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax			77
Ending balance	(568)		(568)
Accumulated Foreign Currency Adjustment Attributable to Parent [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax			(16,547)
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax			(128)
Ending balance	$ (16,675)		$ (16,675)

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]
Accrued liabilities	$ 23.8	$ 26.8
Purchase obligation	3.2
Performance bonds outstanding	$ 29
Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund [Member]
Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]
Final decision imposed		$ 2.9

Schedule of Other Income (Expen

Schedule of Other Income (Expense), Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2023
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
Foreign currency transaction (losses) gains	$ (2,302)	$ 893	$ (3,291)	$ 2,344
Equity in net loss of investee	(871)	(768)	(2,732)	(2,143)
Losses on investments, net	(78)	(480)	(280)	(2,649)
Other	(22)	(27)	(23)	(162)
Total other expense, net	$ (3,273)	$ (382)	$ (6,326)	$ (2,610)

Income Taxes (Details Narrative

Income Taxes (Details Narrative)	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Jul. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent	25.90%	27%

Defined Contribution Plan (Deta

Defined Contribution Plan (Details Narrative) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Employment period contributions, description		first five years
Employer discretionary contribution amount	$ 1.1	$ 1.1