Loans and Leases | Loans and Leases Loans and Leases at December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows: December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 (in thousands) Originated Acquired Total Loans and Leases Originated Acquired Total Loans and Leases Commercial and industrial Agriculture $ 107,494 $ 0 $ 107,494 $ 108,608 $ 0 $ 108,608 Commercial and industrial other 926,429 43,712 970,141 932,067 50,976 983,043 Subtotal commercial and industrial 1,033,923 43,712 1,077,635 1,040,675 50,976 1,091,651 Commercial real estate Construction 164,285 1,384 165,669 202,486 1,480 203,966 Agriculture 170,005 224 170,229 129,712 247 129,959 Commercial real estate other 1,827,279 177,484 2,004,763 1,660,782 206,020 1,866,802 Subtotal commercial real estate 2,161,569 179,092 2,340,661 1,992,980 207,747 2,200,727 Residential real estate Home equity 208,459 21,149 229,608 212,812 28,444 241,256 Mortgages 1,083,802 20,484 1,104,286 1,039,040 22,645 1,061,685 Subtotal residential real estate 1,292,261 41,633 1,333,894 1,251,852 51,089 1,302,941 Consumer and other Indirect 12,663 0 12,663 12,144 0 12,144 Consumer and other 57,565 761 58,326 50,214 765 50,979 Subtotal consumer and other 70,228 761 70,989 62,358 765 63,123 Leases 14,556 0 14,556 14,467 0 14,467 Total loans and leases 4,572,537 265,198 4,837,735 4,362,332 310,577 4,672,909 Less: unearned income and deferred costs and fees (3,796 ) 0 (3,796 ) (3,789 ) 0 (3,789 ) Total loans and leases, net of unearned income and deferred costs and fees $ 4,568,741 $ 265,198 $ 4,833,939 $ 4,358,543 $ 310,577 $ 4,669,120 The outstanding principal balance and the related carrying amount of the Company’s loans acquired in the VIST Acquisition were as follows at December 31: (in thousands) December 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 Acquired Credit Impaired Loans Outstanding principal balance $ 12,822 $ 14,337 Carrying amount 11,036 11,962 Acquired Non-Credit Impaired Loans Outstanding principal balance 256,265 301,128 Carrying amount 254,162 298,615 Total Acquired Loans Outstanding principal balance $ 269,087 $ 315,465 Carrying amount $ 265,198 $ 310,577 The Company has adopted comprehensive lending policies, underwriting standards and loan review procedures. There were no significant changes to the Company’s existing lending policies, underwriting standards or loan review procedures during 2018 . The Company’s Board of Directors approves the lending policies at least annually. The Company recognizes that exceptions to policy guidelines may occasionally occur and has established procedures for approving exceptions to these policy guidelines. Management has also implemented reporting systems to monitor loan originations, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and nonperforming loans and potential problem loans. Residential real estate loans The Company’s policy is to underwrite residential real estate loans in accordance with secondary market guidelines in effect at the time of origination, including loan-to-value (“LTV”) and documentation requirements. LTVs exceeding 80% for fixed rate loans and 85% for adjustable rate loans require private mortgage insurance to reduce the exposure to 78% . The Company verifies applicants’ income, obtains credit reports and independent real estate appraisals in the underwriting process to ensure adequate collateral coverage and that loans are extended to individuals with good credit and income sufficient to repay the loan. In limited circumstances, the Company will make exceptions to secondary market underwriting standards to support community reinvestment activities. The Company originates fixed rate and adjustable rate residential mortgage loans, including loans that have characteristics of both, such as a 7/1 adjustable rate mortgage, which has a fixed rate for the first seven years and then adjusts annually thereafter. The majority of residential mortgage loans originated over the last several years have been fixed rate loans due to the low interest rate environment. Adjustable rate residential real estate loans may be underwritten based upon an initial rate which is below the fully indexed rate; however, the initial rate is generally less than 100 basis points below the fully indexed rate. As such, the Company does not believe that this practice creates any significant credit risk. The Company may sell residential real estate loans in the secondary market based on interest rate considerations. These residential real estate loans are generally sold to Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”) or State of New York Mortgage Agency (“SONYMA”) without recourse in accordance with standard secondary market loan sale agreements. These residential real estate loan sales are subject to customary representations and warranties, including representations and warranties related to gross incompetence and fraud. The Company has not had to repurchase any loans as a result of these general representations and warranties. During 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , the Company sold residential mortgage loans totaling $27.7 million , $4.6 million , and $3.9 million , respectively, and realized net gains on these sales of $458,000 , $50,000 , and $95,000 , respectively. These residential real estate loans are generally sold without recourse in accordance with standard secondary market loan sale agreements. When residential mortgage loans are sold to FHLMC or SONYMA, the Company typically retains all servicing rights, which provides the Company with a source of fee income. In connection with the sales in 2018 , 2017 , and 2016 , the Company recorded mortgage-servicing assets of $207,000 , $38,000 , and $21,000 , respectively. Amortization of mortgage servicing assets amounted to $69,000 in 2018 , $122,000 in 2017 , and $157,000 in 2016 . At December 31, 2018 and 2017 , the Company serviced residential mortgage loans aggregating $120.9 million and $104.1 million , including loans securitized and held as available-for-sale securities. Mortgage servicing rights, at amortized basis, totaled $805,000 at December 31, 2018 and $667,000 at December 31, 2017 . These mortgage servicing rights were evaluated for impairment at year-end 2018 and 2017 and no impairment was recognized. Loans held for sale, which are included in residential real estate totaled $2.7 million and $280,000 at December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. As members of the FHLB, the Company’s subsidiary banks may use unencumbered mortgage related assets to secure borrowings from the FHLB. At December 31, 2018 and 2017 , the Company had $425.0 million and $475.0 million , respectively, of term advances from the FHLB that were secured by residential mortgage loans. Commercial and industrial loans The Company’s Commercial Loan Policy sets forth guidelines for debt service coverage ratios, LTV’s and documentation standards. Commercial and industrial loans are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower with consideration given to underlying collateral and personal or government guarantees. The Company’s policy establishes debt service coverage ratio limits that require a borrower’s cash flow to be sufficient to cover principal and interest payments on all new and existing debt. Commercial and industrial loans are generally secured by the assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable or inventory. Many of the loans in the commercial portfolio have variable interest rates tied to Prime Rate, FHLBNY borrowing rates, or U.S. Treasury indices. Commercial real estate The Company’s Commercial Loan Policy sets forth guidelines for debt service coverage ratios, LTV’s and documentation standards. Commercial real estate loans are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower with consideration given to underlying real estate collateral and personal or government guarantees. The Company’s policy establishes a maximum LTV of 75% and debt service coverage ratio limits that require a borrower’s cash flow to be sufficient to cover principal and interest payments on all new and existing debt. Commercial real estate loans may be fixed or variable rate loans with interest rates tied to Prime Rate, FHLBNY borrowing rates, or U.S. Treasury indices. Agriculture loans Agriculturally-related loans include loans to dairy farms and vegetable crop farms. Agriculturally-related loans are primarily made based on identified cash flows of the borrower with consideration given to underlying collateral, personal guarantees, and government related guarantees. Agriculturally-related loans are generally secured by the assets or property being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable, livestock, equipment, or commodities/crops. The Company’s Commercial Loan Policy establishes a maximum LTV of 75% for real estate secured loans and debt service coverage ratio limits that require a borrower’s cash flow to be sufficient to cover principal and interest payments on all new and existing debt. The policy also establishes maximum LTV ratios for non-real estate collateral, such as livestock, commodities/crops, equipment and accounts receivable. Agriculturally-related loans may be fixed or variable rate with interest tied to Prime Rate, FHLBNY borrowing rates, or U.S. Treasury indices. Consumer and other loans The consumer loan portfolio includes personal installment loans, direct and indirect automobile financing, and overdraft lines of credit. The majority of the consumer portfolio consists of indirect and direct automobile loans. Consumer loans are generally short-term and have fixed rates of interest that are set giving consideration to current market interest rates, the financial strength of the borrower, and internal profitability targets. The Company's Consumer Loan Underwriting Guidelines Policy establishes maximum debt to income ratios and includes guidelines for verification of applicants’ income and receipt of credit reports. Leases Leases are primarily made to commercial customers and the origination criteria typically includes the value of the underlying assets being financed, the useful life of the assets being financed, and identified cash flows of the borrower. Most leases carry a fixed rate of interest that is set giving consideration to current market interest rates, the financial strength of the borrower, and internal profitability targets. Loan and Lease Customers The Company’s loan and lease customers are located primarily in the upstate New York communities served by its three subsidiary banks and in the Pennsylvania communities served by VIST Bank. The Trust Company operates fourteen banking offices in the counties of Tompkins, Cayuga, Cortland, Onondaga and Schuyler, New York. The Bank of Castile operates eighteen banking offices in the counties of Wyoming, Livingston, Genesee, Orleans and Monroe, New York. Mahopac Bank operates fourteen banking offices in the counties of Putnam County, Dutchess County and Westchester, New York. VIST Bank operates twenty offices in the counties of Berks, Montgomery, Philadelphia, Delaware and Schuylkill, Pennsylvania. Other than general economic risks, management is not aware of any material concentrations of credit risk to any industry or individual borrower. Directors and officers of the Company and its affiliated companies were customer of, and had other transactions with, the Company's banking subsidiaries in the ordinary course of business. Such loans and commitments were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons not related to the Company, and did not involve more than normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features. Loans to Related Parties Loan transactions with related parties at December 31 are summarized as follows: (in thousands) 2018 2017 Balance at beginning of year $ 14,503 $ 11,662 New Directors/Executive Officers 467 0 New loans and advancements 30,570 3,972 Loan payments (5,945 ) (1,131 ) Balance at end of year $ 39,595 $ 14,503 Nonaccrual Loans and Leases Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments are due. Loans are placed on nonaccrual status either due to the delinquency status of principal and/or interest (generally when past due 90 or more days) or a judgment by management that the full repayment of principal and interest is unlikely. When interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Payments received on loans on nonaccrual are generally applied to reduce the principal balance of the loan. Loans are generally returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. When management determines that the collection of principal in full is improbable, management will charge-off a partial amount or full amount of the loan balance. Management considers specific facts and circumstances relative to each individual credit in making such a determination. For residential and consumer loans, management uses specific regulatory guidance and thresholds for determining charge-offs. Acquired loans that met the criteria for nonaccrual of interest prior to the acquisition may be considered performing upon acquisition, regardless of whether the customer is contractually delinquent, if we can reasonably estimate the timing and amount of the expected cash flows on such loans and if the Company expects to fully collect the new carrying value of the loans. As such, we may no longer consider the loan to be nonaccrual or nonperforming and may accrue interest on these loans, including the impact of any accretable discount. The Company has determined that it can reasonably estimate future cash flows on our current portfolio of acquired loans that are past due 90 days or more and on which the Company is accruing interest and expect to fully collect the carrying value of the loans net of the allowance for acquired loan losses. The below table is an aging analysis of past due loans, segregated by originated and acquired loan and lease portfolios, and by class of loans, as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 . December 31, 2018 (in thousands) 30-89 days 90 days or more Current Loans Total Loans 90 days and accruing 1 Nonaccrual Originated Loans and Leases Commercial and industrial Agriculture $ 0 $ 0 $ 107,494 $ 107,494 $ 0 $ 0 Commercial and industrial other 2,367 1,659 922,403 926,429 0 1,861 Subtotal commercial and industrial 2,367 1,659 1,029,897 1,033,923 0 1,861 Commercial real estate Construction 0 0 164,285 164,285 0 0 Agriculture 71 0 169,934 170,005 0 0 Commercial real estate other 1,201 1,856 1,824,222 1,827,279 0 7,691 Subtotal commercial real estate 1,272 1,856 2,158,441 2,161,569 0 7,691 Residential real estate Home equity 986 1,026 206,447 208,459 0 1,784 Mortgages 2,693 4,027 1,077,082 1,083,802 0 7,770 Subtotal residential real estate 3,679 5,053 1,283,529 1,292,261 0 9,554 Consumer and other Indirect 333 59 12,271 12,663 0 155 Consumer and other 187 24 57,354 57,565 0 79 Subtotal consumer and other 520 83 69,625 70,228 0 234 Leases 0 0 14,556 14,556 0 0 Total loans and leases 7,838 8,651 4,556,048 4,572,537 0 19,340 Less: unearned income and deferred costs and fees 0 0 (3,796 ) (3,796 ) 0 0 Total originated loans and leases, net of unearned income and deferred costs and fees $ 7,838 $ 8,651 $ 4,552,252 $ 4,568,741 $ 0 $ 19,340 Acquired Loans and Leases Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial other $ 0 $ 10 $ 43,702 $ 43,712 $ 10 $ 22 Subtotal commercial and industrial 0 10 43,702 43,712 10 22 Commercial real estate Construction 0 0 1,384 1,384 0 0 Agriculture 0 0 224 224 0 0 Commercial real estate other 0 839 176,645 177,484 525 316 Subtotal commercial real estate 0 839 178,253 179,092 525 316 Residential real estate Home equity 46 803 20,300 21,149 59 1,414 Mortgages 18 969 19,497 20,484 722 1,104 Subtotal residential real estate 64 1,772 39,797 41,633 781 2,518 Consumer and other Consumer and other 3 0 758 761 0 0 Subtotal consumer and other 3 0 758 761 0 0 Total acquired loans and leases, net of unearned income and deferred costs and fees $ 67 $ 2,621 $ 262,510 $ 265,198 $ 1,316 $ 2,856 1 Includes acquired loans that were recorded at fair value at the acquisition date. December 31, 2017 (in thousands) 30-89 days 90 days or more Current Loans Total Loans 90 days and accruing 1 Nonaccrual Originated loans and leases Commercial and industrial Agriculture $ 0 $ 0 $ 108,608 $ 108,608 $ 0 $ 0 Commercial and industrial other 431 849 930,787 932,067 0 2,852 Subtotal commercial and industrial 431 849 1,039,395 1,040,675 0 2,852 Commercial real estate Construction 0 0 202,486 202,486 0 0 Agriculture 0 0 129,712 129,712 0 0 Commercial real estate other 1,583 2,125 1,657,074 1,660,782 0 5,402 Subtotal commercial real estate 1,583 2,125 1,989,272 1,992,980 0 5,402 Residential real estate Home equity 1,045 448 211,319 212,812 0 1,537 Mortgages 3,153 2,692 1,033,195 1,039,040 0 6,108 Subtotal residential real estate 4,198 3,140 1,244,514 1,251,852 0 7,645 Consumer and other Indirect 449 205 11,490 12,144 6 278 Consumer and other 130 42 50,042 50,214 38 76 Subtotal consumer and other 579 247 61,532 62,358 44 354 Leases 0 0 14,467 14,467 0 0 Total loans and leases 6,791 6,361 4,349,180 4,362,332 44 16,253 Less: unearned income and deferred costs and fees 0 0 (3,789 ) (3,789 ) 0 0 Total originated loans and leases, net of unearned income and deferred costs and fees $ 6,791 $ 6,361 $ 4,345,391 $ 4,358,543 $ 44 $ 16,253 Acquired loans and leases Commercial and industrial Commercial and industrial other $ 12 $ 61 $ 50,903 $ 50,976 $ 61 $ 0 Subtotal commercial and industrial 12 61 50,903 50,976 61 0 Commercial real estate Construction 0 0 1,480 1,480 0 0 Agriculture 0 0 247 247 0 0 Commercial real estate other 167 727 205,126 206,020 515 546 Subtotal commercial real estate 167 727 206,853 207,747 515 546 Residential real estate Home equity 601 564 27,279 28,444 130 1,604 Mortgages 472 942 21,231 22,645 440 1,114 Subtotal residential real estate 1,073 1,506 48,510 51,089 570 2,718 Consumer and other Consumer and other 4 0 761 765 0 0 Subtotal consumer and other 4 0 761 765 0 0 Total acquired loans and leases, net of unearned income and deferred costs and fees $ 1,256 $ 2,294 $ 307,027 $ 310,577 $ 1,146 $ 3,264 1 Includes acquired loans that were recorded at fair value at the acquisition date. The difference between the interest income that would have been recorded if nonaccrual loans and leases had paid in accordance with their original terms and the interest income that was recorded, was $1.0 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 . The Company had no material commitments to make additional advances to borrowers with nonperforming loans. |