Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses | Allowance for Credit Losses Management reviews the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses (“allowance” or "ACL") on a regular basis. Management considers the accounting policy relating to the allowance to be a critical accounting policy, given the inherent uncertainty in evaluating the levels of the allowance required to cover credit losses in the portfolio and the material effect that assumptions could have on the Company’s results of operations. The Company has developed a methodology to measure the amount of estimated credit loss exposure inherent in the loan portfolio to assure that an appropriate allowance is maintained. The Company’s methodology is based upon guidance provided in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("CECL"), and Financial Instruments - Credit Losses and ASC Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (ASU 2016-3) . The Company uses a DCF method to estimate expected credit losses for all loan segments excluding the leasing segment. For each of these loan segments, the Company generates cash flow projections at the instrument level wherein payment expectations are adjusted for estimated prepayment speed, curtailments, recovery lag, probability of default, and loss given default. The modeling of expected prepayment speeds, curtailment rates, and time to recovery are based on internal historical data. The Company uses regression analysis of historical internal and peer data to determine suitable loss drivers to utilize when modeling lifetime probability of default and loss given default. This analysis also determines how expected probability of default and loss given default will react to forecasted levels of the loss drivers. For all loans utilizing the DCF method, management utilizes forecasts of national unemployment and a one year percentage change in national gross domestic product as loss drivers in the model. For all DCF models, management has determined that four quarters represents a reasonable and supportable forecast period and reverts back to a historical loss rate over eight quarters on a straight-line basis. Management leverages economic projections from a reputable and independent third party to inform its loss driver forecasts over the four-quarter forecast period. Other internal and external indicators of economic forecasts, and scenario weightings, are also considered by management when developing the forecast metrics. The combination of adjustments for credit expectations and timing expectations produces an expected cash flow stream at the instrument level. Instrument effective yield is calculated, net of the impacts of prepayment assumptions, and the instrument expected cash flows are then discounted at that effective yield to produce a net present value of expected cash flows ("NPV"). An ACL is established for the difference between the NPV and amortized cost basis. Since the methodology is based upon historical experience and trends, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts, as well as management’s judgment, factors may arise that result in different estimates. While management’s evaluation of the allowance as of March 31, 2021, considers the allowance to be appropriate, under different conditions or assumptions, the Company would need to increase or decrease the allowance. In addition, various federal and State regulatory agencies, as part of their examination process, review the Company's allowance and may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgements and information available to them at the time of their examinations. Loan Commitments and Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans, and commercial letters of credit. The Company's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for off-balance sheet loan commitments is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded. The Company records an allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures, unless the commitments to extend credit are unconditionally cancelable, through a charge to credit loss expense for off-balance sheet credit exposures included in other noninterest expense in the Company's consolidated statements of income. The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective approach. The transition adjustment included a decrease in the allowance of $2.5 million. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Finance Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 9,239 $ 30,546 $ 10,257 $ 1,562 $ 65 $ 51,669 Charge-offs (116) 0 0 (91) 0 (207) Recoveries 97 213 34 43 0 387 Provision (credit) for credit loss expense (1,470) (292) (821) 69 4 (2,510) Ending Balance $ 7,750 $ 30,467 $ 9,470 $ 1,583 $ 69 $ 49,339 Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Finance Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance, prior to adoption of ASU 2016-13 $ 10,541 $ 21,608 $ 6,381 $ 1,362 $ 0 39,892 Impact of adopting ASU 2016-13 (2,008) (5,917) 4,459 850 82 (2,534) Charge-offs (1) (1,290) (2) (137) 0 (1,430) Recoveries 16 18 79 69 0 182 Provision (credit) for credit loss expense 3,117 8,027 5,413 (261) (2) 16,294 Ending Balance $ 11,665 $ 22,446 $ 16,330 $ 1,883 $ 80 $ 52,404 The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, and the related allowance for credit losses allocated to these loans: (In thousands) Real Estate Business Assets Other Total ACL Allocation March 31, 2021 Commercial and Industrial $ 93 $ 549 $ 517 $ 1,159 $ 5 Commercial Real Estate 26,542 105 0 26,647 184 Total $ 26,635 $ 654 $ 517 $ 27,806 $ 189 (In thousands) Real Estate Business Assets Other Total ACL Allocation December 31, 2020 Commercial and Industrial $ 103 $ 582 $ 110 $ 795 $ 122 Commercial Real Estate 24,277 1,418 0 25,695 186 Total $ 24,380 $ 2,000 $ 110 $ 26,490 $ 308 Loans are considered modified in a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") when, due to a borrower’s financial difficulties, the Company makes concessions to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. These modifications may include, among others, an extension for the term of the loan, and granting a period when interest-only payments can be made with the principal payments made over the remaining term of the loan or at maturity. There were no new TDRs in the first quarter of 2021. The following table presents information on loans modified in a TDR during the period ended March 31, 2020. Post-modification amounts are presented as of March 31, 2020. March 31, 2020 Three Months Ended Defaulted TDRs 2 (In thousands) Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Loans Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Commercial real estate Commercial real estate other 0 $ 0 $ 0 1 $ 37 Residential real estate Home equity 1 2 121 121 1 87 Total 2 $ 121 $ 121 2 $ 124 1 Represents the following concessions: extension of term and reduction of rate. 2 TDRs that defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2020 that had been restructured in the prior twelve months. The Company implemented and continues to utilize a loan payment deferral program to assist both consumer and business borrowers that may be experiencing financial hardship due to COVID-19. The Company's program allows for deferral of payments of principal and interest. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") and interagency guidance issued by Federal banking regulators provided guidance and clarification related to modifications and deferral programs to assist borrowers who are negatively impacted by the COVID-19 national emergency. The guidance and clarifications detail certain provisions whereby banks are permitted to make deferrals and modifications to the terms of a loan which would not require the loan to be reported as a TDR. In accordance with the CARES Act and the interagency guidance, the Company elected to adopt the provisions to not report eligible loan modifications as TDRs. The relief related to TDRs under the CARES Act was extended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 ("CAA Act"). Under the CAA Act, the relief under the CARES Act will continue until the earlier of (i) 60 days after the date the COVID-19 national emergency comes to an end or (ii) January 1, 2022. The following tables present credit quality indicators by total loans on an amortized cost basis by origination year as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. March 31, 2021 (In thousands) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Commercial & Industrial - Other: Internal risk grade: Pass $ 39,717 $ 69,614 $ 68,152 $ 52,359 $ 54,137 $ 318,853 $ 149,103 $ 167 $ 752,102 Special Mention 29 899 345 341 697 1,810 2,197 0 6,318 Substandard 30 409 304 878 396 873 1,646 0 4,536 Total Commercial & Industrial - Other $ 39,776 $ 70,922 $ 68,801 $ 53,578 $ 55,230 $ 321,536 $ 152,946 $ 167 $ 762,956 Commercial and Industrial - PPP: Pass $ 200,794 $ 169,213 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 370,007 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Commercial and Industrial - PPP $ 200,794 $ 169,213 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 370,007 Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture: Pass $ 613 $ 9,851 $ 7,253 $ 10,446 $ 6,575 $ 4,668 $ 33,804 $ 295 $ 73,505 Special Mention 0 0 0 27 681 0 1,586 0 2,294 Substandard 0 96 72 0 156 2,300 2,269 0 4,893 Total Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture $ 613 $ 9,947 $ 7,325 $ 10,473 $ 7,412 $ 6,968 $ 37,659 $ 295 $ 80,692 Commercial Real Estate Pass $ 51,512 $ 272,752 $ 246,240 $ 225,940 $ 232,958 $ 924,083 $ 93,777 $ 698 $ 2,047,960 Special Mention 0 36 13,000 3,892 4,613 80,088 139 0 101,768 Substandard 0 0 4,933 18,540 6,172 23,231 294 0 53,170 Total Commercial Real Estate $ 51,512 $ 272,788 $ 264,173 $ 248,372 $ 243,743 $ 1,027,402 $ 94,210 $ 698 $ 2,202,898 Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture: Pass $ 4,538 $ 22,338 $ 33,141 $ 43,997 $ 21,536 $ 56,972 $ 6,116 $ 2,100 $ 190,738 Special Mention 0 1,946 0 592 1,353 1,047 49 0 4,987 Substandard 0 0 0 0 1,776 2,011 699 0 4,486 Total Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture $ 4,538 $ 24,284 $ 33,141 $ 44,589 $ 24,665 $ 60,030 $ 6,864 $ 2,100 $ 200,211 Commercial Real Estate - Construction Pass $ 1,740 $ 15,365 $ 19,350 $ 7,792 $ 2,447 $ 3,283 $ 120,952 $ 4,464 $ 175,393 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 404 615 0 1,019 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 318 0 0 318 Total Commercial Real Estate - Construction $ 1,740 $ 15,365 $ 19,350 $ 7,792 $ 2,447 $ 4,005 $ 121,567 $ 4,464 $ 176,730 December 31, 2020 (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Commercial & Industrial - Other: Internal risk grade: Pass $ 91,597 $ 72,639 $ 56,191 $ 60,714 $ 33,402 $ 301,027 $ 149,969 $ 16,301 $ 781,840 Special Mention 1,064 367 344 912 2,045 228 1,331 0 6,291 Substandard 412 305 933 485 292 783 1,646 0 4,856 Total Commercial & Industrial - Other $ 93,073 $ 73,311 $ 57,468 $ 62,111 $ 35,739 $ 302,038 $ 152,946 $ 16,301 $ 792,987 Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture: Pass $ 11,536 $ 8,005 $ 11,162 $ 6,531 $ 3,539 $ 2,599 $ 41,936 $ 1,340 $ 86,648 Special Mention 0 0 28 729 0 0 2080 0 2837 Substandard 99 83 0 202 0 2308 2312 0 5004 Total Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture $ 11,635 $ 8,088 $ 11,190 $ 7,462 $ 3,539 $ 4,907 $ 46,328 $ 1,340 $ 94,489 Commercial and Industrial - PPP: Pass $ 291,252 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 291,252 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Commercial and Industrial - PPP $ 291,252 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 291,252 Commercial Real Estate Pass $ 278,747 $ 246,331 $ 232,651 $ 237,487 $ 290,106 $ 664,027 $ 33,117 $ 64,903 $ 2,047,369 Special Mention 35 13,016 5,612 4,654 34,310 46,074 203 0 103,904 Substandard 0 4,933 18,395 6,172 5,625 17,610 302 0 53,037 Total Commercial Real Estate $ 278,782 $ 264,280 $ 256,658 $ 248,313 $ 330,041 $ 727,711 $ 33,622 $ 64,903 $ 2,204,310 Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture: Pass $ 22,440 $ 35,081 $ 44,519 $ 22,356 $ 17,081 $ 44,559 $ 919 $ 5,602 $ 192,557 Special Mention 1,960 0 575 1,366 1,053 6 49 0 5,009 Substandard 0 0 0 1,777 713 1,527 283 0 4,300 Total Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture $ 24,400 $ 35,081 $ 45,094 $ 25,499 $ 18,847 $ 46,092 $ 1,251 $ 5,602 $ 201,866 Commercial Real Estate - Construction Pass $ 14,465 $ 20,705 $ 7,999 $ 2,478 $ 1,879 $ 6,682 $ 85,513 $ 21,051 $ 160,772 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 467 1,453 0 1,920 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 324 0 0 324 Total Commercial Real Estate - Construction $ 14,465 $ 20,705 $ 7,999 $ 2,478 $ 1,879 $ 7,473 $ 86,966 $ 21,051 $ 163,016 The following tables present credit quality indicators by total loans on an amortized cost basis by origination year as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, continued. March 31, 2021 (In thousands) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Residential - Home Equity Performing $ 132 $ 1,372 $ 3,533 $ 895 $ 1,353 $ 104 $ 181,932 $ 672 $ 189,993 Nonperforming 0 0 18 0 0 677 2,214 0 2,909 Total Residential - Home Equity $ 132 $ 1,372 $ 3,551 $ 895 $ 1,353 $ 781 $ 184,146 $ 672 $ 192,902 Residential - Mortgages Performing $ 69,755 $ 297,688 $ 185,225 $ 116,236 $ 145,978 $ 394,149 $ 14,515 $ 196 $ 1,223,742 Nonperforming 0 0 0 451 701 8,642 42 0 9,836 Total Residential - Mortgages $ 69,755 $ 297,688 $ 185,225 $ 116,687 $ 146,679 $ 402,791 $ 14,557 $ 196 $ 1,233,578 Consumer - Direct Performing $ 7,664 $ 13,471 $ 10,291 $ 7,405 $ 6,165 $ 12,209 $ 6,631 $ 0 $ 63,836 Nonperforming 0 0 39 81 13 0 0 0 133 Total Consumer - Direct $ 7,664 $ 13,471 $ 10,330 $ 7,486 $ 6,178 $ 12,209 $ 6,631 $ 0 $ 63,969 Consumer - Indirect Performing $ 351 $ 1,304 $ 2,583 $ 1,873 $ 844 $ 329 $ 0 $ 0 $ 7,284 Nonperforming 0 0 68 58 0 37 0 0 163 Total Consumer Indirect $ 351 $ 1,304 $ 2,651 $ 1,931 $ 844 $ 366 $ 0 $ 0 $ 7,447 December 31, 2020 (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Residential - Home Equity Performing $ 1,440 $ 2,764 $ 1,052 $ 2,120 $ 722 $ 1,106 $ 188,614 $ 44 $ 197,862 Nonperforming 0 18 0 0 194 506 2,247 0 2,965 Total Residential - Home Equity $ 1,440 $ 2,782 $ 1,052 $ 2,120 $ 916 $ 1,612 $ 190,861 $ 44 $ 200,827 Residential - Mortgages Performing $ 305,476 $ 193,543 $ 123,205 $ 155,699 $ 178,149 $ 255,556 $ 11,735 $ 1,617 $ 1,224,980 Nonperforming 0 258 455 706 1,404 7,305 52 0 10,180 Total Residential - Mortgages $ 305,476 $ 193,801 $ 123,660 $ 156,405 $ 179,553 $ 262,861 $ 11,787 $ 1,617 $ 1,235,160 Consumer - Direct Performing $ 14,840 $ 11,127 $ 8,011 $ 6,632 $ 2,854 $ 10,840 $ 6,835 $ 0 $ 61,139 Nonperforming 5 74 167 12 0 2 0 0 260 Total Consumer - Direct $ 14,845 $ 11,201 $ 8,178 $ 6,644 $ 2,854 $ 10,842 $ 6,835 $ 0 $ 61,399 Consumer - Indirect Performing $ 1,424 $ 1,878 $ 3,327 $ 1,128 $ 382 $ 93 $ 0 $ 0 $ 8,232 Nonperforming 0 67 44 7 36 15 0 0 169 Total Consumer Indirect $ 1,424 $ 1,945 $ 3,371 $ 1,135 $ 418 $ 108 $ 0 $ 0 $ 8,401 |