Allowance for Credit Losses | Allowance for Credit Losses Management reviews the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses (“allowance” or "ACL") on a regular basis. Management considers the accounting policy relating to the allowance to be a critical accounting policy, given the inherent uncertainty in evaluating the levels of the allowance required to cover credit losses in the portfolio and the material effect that assumptions could have on the Company’s results of operations. The Company has developed a methodology to measure the amount of estimated credit loss exposure inherent in the loan portfolio to assure that an appropriate allowance is maintained. The Company’s methodology is based upon guidance provided in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("CECL"), and Financial Instruments - Credit Losses and ASC Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (ASU 2016-3) . The Company uses a discounted cash flow ("DCF") method to estimate expected credit losses for all loan segments excluding the leasing segment. For each of these loan segments, the Company generates cash flow projections at the instrument level wherein payment expectations are adjusted for estimated prepayment speed, curtailments, recovery lag probability of default, and loss given default. The modeling of expected prepayment speeds, curtailment rates, and time to recovery are based on internal historical data. The Company uses regression analysis of historical internal and peer data to determine suitable loss drivers to utilize when modeling lifetime probability of default and loss given default. This analysis also determines how expected probability of default and loss given default will react to forecasted levels of the loss drivers. For all loans utilizing the DCF method, management utilizes forecasts of national unemployment and a one year percentage change in national gross domestic product as loss drivers in the model. For all DCF models, management has determined that four quarters represents a reasonable and supportable forecast period and reverts back to a historical loss rate over eight quarters on a straight-line basis. Management leverages economic projections from a reputable and independent third party to inform its loss driver forecasts over the four-quarter forecast period. Other internal and external indicators of economic forecasts are also considered by management when developing the forecast metrics. The combination of adjustments for credit expectations and timing expectations produces an expected cash flow stream at the instrument level. Instrument effective yield is calculated, net of the impacts of prepayment assumptions, and the instrument expected cash flows are then discounted at that effective yield to produce a net present value of expected cash flows ("NPV"). An ACL is established for the difference between the NPV and amortized cost basis. Since the methodology is based upon historical experience and trends, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts, as well as management’s judgment, factors may arise that result in different estimates. While management’s evaluation of the allowance as of September 30, 2021, considers the allowance to be appropriate, under certain conditions or assumptions, the Company would need to increase or decrease the allowance. In addition, various federal and State regulatory agencies, as part of their examination process, review the Company's allowance and may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgements and information available to them at the time of their examinations. Loan Commitments and Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans, and commercial letters of credit. The Company's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for off-balance sheet loan commitments is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded. The Company records an allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures, unless the commitments to extend credit are unconditionally cancellable, through a charge to credit loss expense for off-balance sheet credit exposures included in provision expense in the Company's consolidated statements of income. The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective approach. The transition adjustment included a decrease in the allowance of $2.5 million. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Finance Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 7,113 $ 29,201 $ 9,534 $ 1,590 $ 67 $ 47,505 Charge-offs (157) 0 0 (53) 0 (210) Recoveries 16 2 65 58 0 141 (Credit) provision for credit loss expense (774) (119) (184) (99) (1) (1,177) Ending Balance $ 6,198 $ 29,084 $ 9,415 $ 1,496 $ 66 $ 46,259 Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Finance Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 11,113 $ 24,286 $ 15,012 $ 1,596 $ 75 $ 52,082 Charge-offs 0 0 (30) (145) 0 (175) Recoveries 89 9 16 73 0 187 (Credit) provision for credit loss expense (3,918) 4,264 (65) (75) (7) 199 Ending Balance $ 7,284 $ 28,559 $ 14,933 $ 1,449 $ 68 $ 52,293 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Finance Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balances $ 9,239 $ 30,546 $ 10,257 $ 1,562 $ 65 $ 51,669 Charge-offs (274) 0 (51) (218) 0 (543) Recoveries 116 1,040 229 153 0 1,538 (Credit) provision for credit loss expense (2,883) (2,502) (1,020) (1) 1 (6,405) Ending Balance $ 6,198 $ 29,084 $ 9,415 $ 1,496 $ 66 $ 46,259 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Finance Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance, prior to adoption of ASC 326 $ 10,541 $ 21,608 $ 6,381 $ 1,362 $ 0 $ 39,892 Impact of adopting ASC 326 (2,008) (5,917) 4,459 850 82 (2,534) Charge-offs (1) (1,305) (33) (409) 0 (1,748) Recoveries 125 40 178 195 0 538 (Credit) provision for credit loss expense (1,373) 14,133 3,948 (549) (14) 16,145 Ending Balance $ 7,284 $ 28,559 $ 14,933 $ 1,449 $ 68 $ 52,293 At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the balance of the allowance for credit losses for off-balance sheet exposures was $2.2 million and $1.9 million, respectively. The Company recorded a provision credit of $55,000 and a provision expense of $272,000 related to off-balance sheet credit exposures for the third quarter of 2021 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, compared to a provision credit of $417,000 and provision expense of $1.3 million, respectively, for the same periods in 2020. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, and the related allowance for credit losses allocated to these loans: (In thousands) Real Estate Business Assets Other Total ACL Allocation September 30, 2021 Commercial and Industrial $ 107 $ 461 $ 328 $ 896 $ 29 Commercial Real Estate 36,494 0 2 36,496 3,180 Total $ 36,601 $ 461 $ 330 $ 37,392 $ 3,209 (In thousands) Real Estate Business Assets Other Total ACL Allocation December 31, 2020 Commercial and Industrial $ 103 $ 582 $ 110 $ 795 $ 122 Commercial Real Estate 24,277 1,418 0 25,695 186 Total $ 24,380 $ 2,000 $ 110 $ 26,490 $ 308 Loans are considered modified in a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") when, due to a borrower’s financial difficulties, the Company makes concessions to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. These modifications may include, among others, an extension for the term of the loan, and granting a period when interest-only payments can be made with the principal payments made over the remaining term of the loan or at maturity. The following tables present information on loans modified in a TDR during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020. Post-modification amounts are presented as of September 30, 2021 and September 30, 2020. September 30, 2021 Three Months Ended Defaulted TDRs 2 (In thousands) Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Loans Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Residential real estate Home equity 1 1 $ 112 $ 112 1 $ 201 Total 1 $ 112 $ 112 1 $ 201 1 Represents the following concessions: extension of term and reduction of rate. 2 TDRs that defaulted during the three months ended September 30, 2021 that were restructured in the prior twelve months. September 30, 2020 Three Months Ended Defaulted TDRs 2 (In thousands) Number of Loans Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Loans Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Commercial & industrial Commercial real estate other 1 1 $ 196 $ 196 0 $ 0 Consumer and other Consumer and other 1 1 4 4 0 0 Total 2 $ 200 $ 200 0 $ 0 1 Represents the following concessions: extension of term and reduction of rate. 2 TDRs that defaulted during the three months ended September 30, 2020 that were restructured in the prior twelve months. September 30, 2021 Nine Months Ended Defaulted TDRs 2 (In thousands) Number of Pre- Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Post- Residential real estate Home equity 1 1 $ 112 $ 112 1 $ 201 Total 1 $ 112 $ 112 1 $ 201 1 Represents the following concessions: extension of term and reduction of rate. 2 TDRs that defaulted during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 that were restructured in the prior twelve months. Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Defaulted TDRs 2 (In thousands) Number of Pre- Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Post- Commercial real estate Commercial real estate other 1 1 $ 196 $ 196 1 $ 37 Residential real estate Home equity 1 2 121 121 0 87 Consumer and other Consumer and other 1 1 4 4 0 0 Total 4 $ 321 $ 321 2 $ 124 1 Represents the following concessions: extension of term and reduction of rate. 2 TDRs that defaulted during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 that were restructured in the prior twelve months. The following table presents credit quality indicators by total loans on an amortized cost basis by origination year as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. September 30, 2021 (In thousands) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Commercial & Industrial - Other: Pass $ 99,129 $ 62,023 $ 57,126 $ 46,264 $ 43,901 $ 264,656 $ 138,153 $ 9,713 $ 720,965 Special Mention 164 815 532 141 310 523 705 0 3,190 Substandard 0 383 298 731 231 680 1,466 0 3,789 Total Commercial & Industrial - Other $ 99,293 $ 63,221 $ 57,956 $ 47,136 $ 44,442 $ 265,859 $ 140,324 $ 9,713 $ 727,944 Commercial and Industrial - PPP: Pass $ 139,564 $ 2,366 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 141,930 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Commercial and Industrial - PPP $ 139,564 $ 2,366 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 141,930 Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture: Pass $ 4,615 $ 7,736 $ 6,035 $ 9,497 $ 6,239 $ 3,590 $ 35,276 $ 566 $ 73,554 Special Mention 0 0 0 24 0 0 225 0 249 Substandard 0 89 17 0 106 2,328 1,992 0 4,532 Total Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture $ 4,615 $ 7,825 $ 6,052 $ 9,521 $ 6,345 $ 5,918 $ 37,493 $ 566 $ 78,335 Commercial Real Estate Pass $ 229,984 $ 269,752 $ 255,296 $ 205,093 $ 226,830 $ 824,671 $ 56,018 $ 33,366 $ 2,101,010 Special Mention 0 1,774 11,982 3,151 2,190 74,499 360 0 93,956 Substandard 0 0 5,012 18,472 8,516 26,051 173 0 58,224 Total Commercial Real Estate $ 229,984 $ 271,526 $ 272,290 $ 226,716 $ 237,536 $ 925,221 $ 56,551 $ 33,366 $ 2,253,190 Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture: Pass $ 13,096 $ 22,063 $ 30,564 $ 42,335 $ 23,616 $ 53,458 $ 2,252 $ 2,553 $ 189,937 Special Mention 0 483 0 0 0 381 49 0 913 Substandard 0 0 0 40 0 1,293 0 0 1,333 Total Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture $ 13,096 $ 22,546 $ 30,564 $ 42,375 $ 23,616 $ 55,132 $ 2,301 $ 2,553 $ 192,183 Commercial Real Estate - Construction Pass $ 10,828 $ 11,619 $ 17,533 $ 7,591 $ 1,343 $ 7,391 $ 105,778 $ 7,148 $ 169,231 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 648 767 0 1,415 Total Commercial Real Estate - Construction $ 10,828 $ 11,619 $ 17,533 $ 7,591 $ 1,343 $ 8,039 $ 106,545 $ 7,148 $ 170,646 December 31, 2020 (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Commercial & Industrial - Other: Internal risk grade: Pass $ 91,597 $ 72,639 $ 56,191 $ 60,714 $ 33,402 $ 301,027 $ 149,969 $ 16,301 $ 781,840 Special Mention 1,064 367 344 912 2,045 228 1,331 0 6,291 Substandard 412 305 933 485 292 783 1,646 0 4,856 Total Commercial & Industrial - Other $ 93,073 $ 73,311 $ 57,468 $ 62,111 $ 35,739 $ 302,038 $ 152,946 $ 16,301 $ 792,987 Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture: Pass $ 11,536 $ 8,005 $ 11,162 $ 6,531 $ 3,539 $ 2,599 $ 41,936 $ 1,340 $ 86,648 Special Mention 0 0 28 729 0 0 2,080 0 2,837 Substandard 99 83 0 202 0 2,308 2,312 0 5,004 Total Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture $ 11,635 $ 8,088 $ 11,190 $ 7,462 $ 3,539 $ 4,907 $ 46,328 $ 1,340 $ 94,489 Commercial and Industrial - PPP: Pass $ 291,252 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 291,252 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Commercial and Industrial - PPP $ 291,252 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 291,252 Commercial Real Estate Pass $ 278,747 $ 246,331 $ 232,651 $ 237,487 $ 290,106 $ 664,027 $ 33,117 $ 64,903 $ 2,047,369 Special Mention 35 13,016 5,612 4,654 34,310 46,074 203 0 103,904 Substandard 0 4,933 18,395 6,172 5,625 17,610 302 0 53,037 Total Commercial Real Estate $ 278,782 $ 264,280 $ 256,658 $ 248,313 $ 330,041 $ 727,711 $ 33,622 $ 64,903 $ 2,204,310 Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture: Pass $ 22,440 $ 35,081 $ 44,519 $ 22,356 $ 17,081 $ 44,559 $ 919 $ 5,602 $ 192,557 Special Mention 1,960 0 575 1,366 1,053 6 49 0 5,009 Substandard 0 0 0 1,777 713 1,527 283 0 4,300 Total Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture $ 24,400 $ 35,081 $ 45,094 $ 25,499 $ 18,847 $ 46,092 $ 1,251 $ 5,602 $ 201,866 Commercial Real Estate - Construction Pass $ 14,465 $ 20,705 $ 7,999 $ 2,478 $ 1,879 $ 6,682 $ 85,513 $ 21,051 $ 160,772 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 467 1,453 0 1,920 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 324 0 0 324 Total Commercial Real Estate - Construction $ 14,465 $ 20,705 $ 7,999 $ 2,478 $ 1,879 $ 7,473 $ 86,966 $ 21,051 $ 163,016 The following table presents credit quality indicators by total loans on an amortized cost basis by origination year as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, continued. September 30, 2021 (In thousands) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Residential - Home Equity Performing $ 1,395 $ 1,246 $ 3,157 $ 1,719 $ 1,728 $ 3,446 $ 165,588 $ 4,919 $ 183,198 Nonperforming 0 0 16 0 0 596 1,815 0 2,427 Total Residential - Home Equity $ 1,395 $ 1,246 $ 3,173 $ 1,719 $ 1,728 $ 4,042 $ 167,403 $ 4,919 $ 185,625 Residential - Mortgages Performing $ 233,145 $ 289,745 $ 168,894 $ 104,697 $ 132,204 $ 317,803 $ 13,062 $ 917 $ 1,260,467 Nonperforming 0 0 242 568 696 8,006 26 0 9,538 Total Residential - Mortgages $ 233,145 $ 289,745 $ 169,136 $ 105,265 $ 132,900 $ 325,809 $ 13,088 $ 917 $ 1,270,005 Consumer - Direct Performing $ 17,310 $ 11,569 $ 10,163 $ 5,962 $ 5,180 $ 11,265 $ 5,099 $ 0 $ 66,548 Nonperforming 0 5 64 63 11 0 3 $ 0 146 Total Consumer - Direct $ 17,310 $ 11,574 $ 10,227 $ 6,025 $ 5,191 $ 11,265 $ 5,102 $ 0 $ 66,694 Consumer - Indirect Performing $ 1,484 $ 965 $ 308 $ 1,987 $ 484 $ 102 $ 0 $ 0 $ 5,330 Nonperforming 0 0 137 98 2 28 0 0 265 Total Consumer Indirect $ 1,484 $ 965 $ 445 $ 2,085 $ 486 $ 130 $ 0 $ 0 $ 5,595 December 31, 2020 (In thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Residential - Home Equity Performing $ 1,440 $ 2,764 $ 1,052 $ 2,120 $ 722 $ 1,106 $ 188,614 $ 44 $ 197,862 Nonperforming 0 18 0 0 194 506 2,247 0 2,965 Total Residential - Home Equity $ 1,440 $ 2,782 $ 1,052 $ 2,120 $ 916 $ 1,612 $ 190,861 $ 44 $ 200,827 Residential - Mortgages Performing $ 305,476 $ 193,543 $ 123,205 $ 155,699 $ 178,149 $ 255,556 $ 11,735 $ 1,617 $ 1,224,980 Nonperforming 0 258 455 706 1,404 7,305 52 0 10,180 Total Residential - Mortgages $ 305,476 $ 193,801 $ 123,660 $ 156,405 $ 179,553 $ 262,861 $ 11,787 $ 1,617 $ 1,235,160 Consumer - Direct Performing $ 14,840 $ 11,127 $ 8,011 $ 6,632 $ 2,854 $ 10,840 $ 6,835 $ 0 $ 61,139 Nonperforming 5 74 167 12 0 2 0 0 260 Total Consumer - Direct $ 14,845 $ 11,201 $ 8,178 $ 6,644 $ 2,854 $ 10,842 $ 6,835 $ 0 $ 61,399 Consumer - Indirect Performing $ 1,424 $ 1,878 $ 3,327 $ 1,128 $ 382 $ 93 $ 0 $ 0 $ 8,232 Nonperforming 0 67 44 7 36 15 0 0 169 Total Consumer Indirect $ 1,424 $ 1,945 $ 3,371 $ 1,135 $ 418 $ 108 $ 0 $ 0 $ 8,401 |