Allowance for Credit Losses | Allowance for Credit Losses Management reviews the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses ("allowance" or "ACL") on a regular basis. Management considers the accounting policy relating to the allowance to be a critical accounting policy, given the inherent uncertainty in evaluating the levels of the allowance required to cover credit losses in the portfolio and the material effect that assumptions could have on the Company’s results of operations. The Company has developed a methodology to measure the amount of estimated credit loss exposure inherent in the loan portfolio to assure that an appropriate allowance is maintained. The Company’s methodology is based upon guidance provided in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 119, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("CECL"), and Financial Instruments - Credit Losses and ASC Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. The Company uses a Discounted Cash Flow ("DCF") method to estimate expected credit losses for all loan segments excluding the leasing segment. For each of these loan segments, the Company generates cash flow projections at the instrument level wherein payment expectations are adjusted for estimated prepayment speed, curtailments, recovery lag, probability of default, and loss given default. The modeling of expected prepayment speeds, curtailment rates, and time to recovery are based on internal historical data. The Company uses regression analysis of historical internal and peer data to determine suitable loss drivers to utilize when modeling lifetime probability of default and loss given default. This analysis also determines how expected probability of default and loss given default will react to forecasted levels of the loss drivers. For all loans utilizing the DCF method, management utilizes forecasts of national unemployment and a one year percentage change in national gross domestic product as loss drivers in the model. For all DCF models, management has determined that four quarters represents a reasonable and supportable forecast period and reverts back to a historical loss rate over eight quarters on a straight-line basis. Management leverages economic projections from a reputable and independent third party to inform its loss driver forecasts over the four-quarter forecast period. Other internal and external indicators of economic forecasts, and scenario weightings, are also considered by management when developing the forecast metrics. The combination of adjustments for credit expectations and timing expectations produces an expected cash flow stream at the instrument level. Instrument effective yield is calculated, net of the impacts of prepayment assumptions, and the instrument expected cash flows are then discounted at that effective yield to produce a net present value of expected cash flows ("NPV"). An ACL is established for the difference between the NPV and amortized cost basis. Since the methodology is based upon historical experience and trends, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts, as well as management’s judgment, factors may arise that result in different estimates. While management’s evaluation of the allowance as of March 31, 2022, considers the allowance to be appropriate, under different conditions or assumptions, the Company would need to increase or decrease the allowance. In addition, various federal and State regulatory agencies, as part of their examination process, review the Company's allowance and may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgements and information available to them at the time of their examinations. Loan Commitments and Allowance for Credit Losses on Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans, and commercial letters of credit. The Company's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for off-balance sheet loan commitments is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. Such financial instruments are recorded when they are funded. The Company records an allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures, unless the commitments to extend credit are unconditionally cancelable, through a charge to credit loss expense for off-balance sheet credit exposures included in provision for credit loss expense in the Company's consolidated statements of income. The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Finance Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 6,335 $ 24,813 $ 10,139 $ 1,492 $ 64 $ 42,843 Charge-offs (23) (27) 0 (196) 0 (246) Recoveries 20 42 109 92 0 263 (Credit) provision for credit loss expense 695 (1,846) 199 200 18 (734) Ending Balance $ 7,027 $ 22,982 $ 10,447 $ 1,588 $ 82 $ 42,126 Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 (In thousands) Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Finance Total Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance $ 9,239 $ 30,546 $ 10,257 $ 1,562 $ 65 51,669 Charge-offs (116) 0 0 (91) 0 (207) Recoveries 97 213 34 43 0 387 (Credit) provision for credit loss expense (1,470) (292) (821) 69 4 (2,510) Ending Balance $ 7,750 $ 30,467 $ 9,470 $ 1,583 $ 69 $ 49,339 The following table details activity in the Liabilities for off-balance sheet credit exposures for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021: (In thousands) 2022 2021 Liabilities for off-balance sheet credit exposures at beginning of period $ 2,507 $ 1,920 Provision for credit loss expense related to off-balance sheet credit exposures 214 680 Liabilities for off-balance sheet credit exposures at end of period $ 2,721 $ 2,600 The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, and the related allowance for credit losses allocated to these loans: March 31, 2022 (In thousands) Real Estate Business Assets Other Total ACL Allocation Commercial and Industrial $ 374 $ 425 $ 668 $ 1,467 $ 24 Commercial Real Estate 12,130 0 0 12,130 40 Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture 1,544 0 0 1,544 0 Total $ 14,048 $ 425 $ 668 $ 15,141 $ 64 December 31, 2021 (In thousands) Real Estate Business Assets Other Total ACL Allocation Commercial and Industrial $ 142 $ 395 $ 328 $ 865 $ 26 Commercial Real Estate 13,334 0 1,931 15,265 40 Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture 0 0 0 0 0 Residential Real Estate 32 0 0 32 1 Total $ 13,508 $ 395 $ 2,259 $ 16,162 $ 67 Loans are considered modified in a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") when, due to a borrower’s financial difficulties, the Company makes concessions to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. These modifications may include, among others, an extension for the term of the loan, and granting a period when interest-only payments can be made with the principal payments made over the remaining term of the loan or at maturity. There were no new TDRs in the first quarter of 2022 or 2021 . In 2020, the Company implemented a loan payment deferral program to assist both consumer and business borrowers that were experiencing financial hardship due to COVID-19. The Company's program allowed for deferral of payments of principal and interest. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") and interagency guidance issued by Federal banking regulators provided guidance and clarification related to modifications and deferral programs to assist borrowers who were negatively impacted by the COVID-19 national emergency. The guidance and clarifications detail certain provisions whereby banks are permitted to make deferrals and modifications to the terms of a loan which would not require the loan to be reported as a TDR. In accordance with the CARES Act and the interagency guidance, the Company elected to adopt the provisions to not report eligible loan modifications as TDRs. The relief related to TDRs under the CARES Act was extended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 ("CAA Act"). Under the CAA Act, the relief under the CARES Act continued until the January 1, 2022. The following tables present credit quality indicators by total loans on an amortized cost basis by origination year as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021: March 31, 2022 (In thousands) 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Commercial and Industrial - Other: Internal risk grade: Pass $ 59,972 $ 109,152 $ 52,407 $ 52,415 $ 41,753 $ 176,794 $ 204,489 $ 1,054 $ 698,036 Special Mention 0 149 424 402 81 1,531 1,591 0 4,178 Substandard 0 0 870 44 521 977 4,000 0 6,412 Total Commercial and Industrial - Other $ 59,972 $ 109,301 $ 53,701 $ 52,861 $ 42,355 $ 179,302 $ 210,080 $ 1,054 $ 708,626 Commercial and Industrial - PPP: Pass $ 0 $ 23,429 $ 666 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 24,095 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Commercial and Industrial - PPP $ 0 $ 23,429 $ 666 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 24,095 Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture: Pass $ 2,444 $ 7,892 $ 6,357 $ 5,294 $ 9,470 $ 9,049 $ 36,632 $ 0 $ 77,138 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Substandard 0 0 82 4 0 2,383 1,662 0 4,131 Total Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture $ 2,444 $ 7,892 $ 6,439 $ 5,298 $ 9,470 $ 11,432 $ 38,294 $ 0 $ 81,269 Commercial Real Estate Pass $ 60,779 $ 372,476 $ 296,469 $ 293,389 $ 217,355 $ 889,454 $ 25,526 $ 18,938 $ 2,174,386 Special Mention 0 3,468 1,752 11,694 3,186 67,476 0 0 87,576 Substandard 0 0 0 3,166 2,396 24,177 398 0 30,137 Total Commercial Real Estate $ 60,779 $ 375,944 $ 298,221 308,249 222,937 981,107 $ 25,924 $ 18,938 $ 2,292,099 Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture: Pass $ 5,642 $ 22,989 $ 22,129 $ 28,086 $ 40,827 $ 73,318 $ 4,633 $ 147 $ 197,771 Special Mention 0 0 0 219 0 407 0 0 626 Substandard 0 0 0 0 39 1,216 0 0 1,255 Total Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture $ 5,642 $ 22,989 $ 22,129 $ 28,305 $ 40,866 $ 74,941 $ 4,633 $ 147 $ 199,652 Commercial Real Estate - Construction Pass $ 4,103 $ 47,620 $ 72,993 $ 29,262 $ 8,940 $ 14,312 $ 5,841 $ 1,648 $ 184,719 Special Mention $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 0 0 0 0 Substandard $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 784 $ 0 0 0 0 784 Total Commercial Real Estate - Construction $ 4,103 $ 47,620 $ 72,993 $ 30,046 $ 8,940 $ 14,312 $ 5,841 $ 1,648 $ 185,503 December 31, 2021 (In thousands) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Commercial and Industrial - Other: Internal risk grade: Pass $ 123,996 $ 58,432 $ 54,116 $ 42,093 $ 35,725 $ 239,093 $ 125,476 $ 10,039 $ 688,970 Special Mention 156 770 450 100 201 393 1,417 0 3,487 Substandard 179 584 47 575 0 637 4,642 0 6,664 Total Commercial and Industrial - Other $ 124,331 $ 59,786 $ 54,613 $ 42,768 $ 35,926 $ 240,123 $ 131,535 $ 10,039 $ 699,121 Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture: Pass $ 8,573 $ 6,782 $ 5,700 $ 10,136 $ 6,867 $ 3,186 $ 53,145 $ 595 $ 94,984 Special Mention 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 23 Substandard 0 85 11 0 93 2316 1660 0 4165 Total Commercial and Industrial - Agriculture $ 8,573 $ 6,867 $ 5,711 $ 10,159 $ 6,960 $ 5,502 $ 54,805 $ 595 $ 99,172 Commercial and Industrial - PPP: Pass $ 71,260 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 71,260 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total Commercial and Industrial - PPP $ 71,260 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 71,260 Commercial Real Estate Pass $ 325,874 $ 271,680 $ 249,266 $ 201,992 $ 212,991 $ 810,713 $ 44,264 $ 43,225 $ 2,160,005 Special Mention 0 1,763 11,772 3,217 2,167 61,723 358 0 81,000 Substandard 3,482 0 2,262 2,518 8,509 20,401 422 0 37,594 Total Commercial Real Estate $ 329,356 $ 273,443 $ 263,300 $ 207,727 $ 223,667 $ 892,837 $ 45,044 $ 43,225 $ 2,278,599 Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture: Pass $ 23,151 $ 21,856 $ 28,943 $ 41,064 $ 23,195 $ 50,809 $ 1,949 $ 2,850 $ 193,817 Special Mention 0 479 0 0 0 350 35 0 864 Substandard 0 0 0 39 0 1,253 0 0 1,292 Total Commercial Real Estate - Agriculture $ 23,151 $ 22,335 $ 28,943 $ 41,103 $ 23,195 $ 52,412 $ 1,984 $ 2,850 $ 195,973 Commercial Real Estate - Construction Pass $ 12,840 $ 10,025 $ 16,325 $ 7,542 $ 1,274 $ 6,559 $ 112,537 $ 10,037 $ 177,139 Special Mention 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 643 800 0 1,443 Total Commercial Real Estate - Construction $ 12,840 $ 10,025 $ 16,325 $ 7,542 $ 1,274 $ 7,202 $ 113,337 $ 10,037 $ 178,582 The following tables present credit quality indicators by total loans on an amortized cost basis by origination year as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, continued: March 31, 2022 (In thousands) 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Residential - Home Equity Performing $ 216 $ 1,255 $ 726 $ 1,154 $ 893 $ 4,260 $ 168,403 $ 676 $ 177,583 Nonperforming 0 0 0 15 0 75 2,125 0 2,215 Total Residential - Home Equity $ 216 $ 1,255 $ 726 $ 1,169 $ 893 $ 4,335 $ 170,528 $ 676 $ 179,798 Residential - Mortgages Performing $ 59,751 $ 280,315 $ 256,287 $ 128,140 $ 73,586 $ 506,849 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1,304,928 Nonperforming 0 0 0 236 773 6,976 0 0 7,985 Total Residential - Mortgages $ 59,751 $ 280,315 $ 256,287 $ 128,376 $ 74,359 $ 513,825 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1,312,913 Consumer - Direct Performing $ 8,374 $ 19,893 $ 9,903 $ 7,929 $ 5,515 $ 9,365 $ 5,306 $ 0 $ 66,285 Nonperforming 0 0 4 25 104 11 172 0 316 Total Consumer - Direct $ 8,374 $ 19,893 $ 9,907 $ 7,954 $ 5,619 $ 9,376 $ 5,478 $ 0 $ 66,601 Consumer - Indirect Performing $ 0 $ 194 $ 245 $ 1,813 $ 1,070 $ 280 $ 0 $ 0 $ 3,602 Nonperforming $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 196 $ 47 $ 12 0 0 255 Total Consumer - Indirect $ 0 $ 194 $ 245 $ 2,009 $ 1,117 $ 292 $ 0 $ 0 $ 3,857 December 31, 2021 (In thousands) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Loans Residential - Home Equity Performing $ 2,033 $ 1,142 $ 3,041 $ 1,600 $ 1,572 $ 3,144 $ 161,630 $ 6,050 $ 180,212 Nonperforming 0 0 16 0 0 604 1,839 0 2,459 Total Residential - Home Equity $ 2,033 $ 1,142 $ 3,057 $ 1,600 $ 1,572 $ 3,748 $ 163,469 $ 6,050 $ 182,671 Residential - Mortgages Performing $ 324,967 $ 282,202 $ 162,574 $ 97,778 $ 124,221 $ 275,133 $ 14,112 $ 1,205 $ 1,282,192 Nonperforming 0 0 241 702 693 7,060 23 0 8,719 Total Residential - Mortgages $ 324,967 $ 282,202 $ 162,815 $ 98,480 $ 124,914 $ 282,193 $ 14,135 $ 1,205 $ 1,290,911 Consumer - Direct Performing $ 20,653 $ 10,735 $ 9,397 $ 5,542 $ 4,849 $ 10,602 $ 5,435 $ 0 $ 67,213 Nonperforming 0 9 44 117 12 0 1 0 183 Total Consumer - Direct $ 20,653 $ 10,744 $ 9,441 $ 5,659 $ 4,861 $ 10,602 $ 5,436 $ 0 $ 67,396 Consumer - Indirect Performing $ 1,809 $ 854 $ 812 $ 506 $ 362 $ 66 $ 0 $ 0 $ 4,409 Nonperforming 0 2 148 81 1 14 0 0 246 Total Consumer - Indirect $ 1,809 $ 856 $ 960 $ 587 $ 363 $ 80 $ 0 $ 0 $ 4,655 |