Stock Based Compensation | 6. Stock Based Compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation granted to employees and directors, including employees stock option awards, restricted stock and restricted stock units in accordance with ASC 718 , “Compensation – Stock Compensation” The Company values options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Restricted stock and time-based restricted stock units are valued at the grant date fair value of the underlying common shares. Performance-based restricted stock units with market conditions are valued using the Monte Carlo simulation model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the use of highly subjective and complex assumptions which determine the fair value of stock-based awards, including the option’s expected term and the price volatility of the underlying stock. The Monte Carlo simulation model incorporates assumptions for the holding period, risk-free interest rate, stock price volatility and dividend yield. 2008 Equity Incentive Plan. For the three months ended April 1, 2017, the only active stock-based compensation plan was the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Incentive Plan”). The terms of awards granted during the three months ended April 1, 2017 were consistent with those described in the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. Summary of Stock Options The following table summarizes information regarding activity under the Incentive Plan during the three months ended April 1, 2017: Number of Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share Aggregate Intrinsic Value (thousands) Outstanding as of December 31, 2016 470,985 $ 8.69 Granted 38,000 $ 14.61 Exercised (27,447 ) $ 5.94 Canceled or forfeited (3,000 ) $ 11.04 Outstanding as of April 1, 2017 478,538 $ 9.31 $ 1,528 The weighted average grant date fair value of the options granted under the Incentive Plan as calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model was $5.44 and $4.14 per share for the three months ended April 1, 2017 and April 2, 2016, respectively. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate fair value of stock-based awards (options) with the following weighted average assumptions: Three Months Ended April 1, 2017 April 2, 2016 Average risk free interest rate 1.78 % 1.20 % Expected life (in years) 4.55 years 4.55 years Dividend yield —% —% Average volatility 42 % 47 % Option-pricing models require the input of various subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock. The expected stock price volatility is based on analysis of the Company’s stock price history over a period commensurate with the expected term of the options, trading volume of the Company’s stock, look-back volatilities and Company specific events that affected volatility in a prior period. The expected term of employee stock options represents the weighted average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding and is based on the history of exercises and cancellations on all past option grants made by the Company, the contractual term, the vesting period and the expected remaining term of the outstanding options. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury interest rates whose term is consistent with the expected life of the stock options. No dividend yield is included as the Company has not issued any dividends and does not anticipate issuing any dividends in the future. The following table shows stock-based compensation expense included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended April 1, 2017 and April 2, 2016: Three Months Ended April 1, 2017 April 2, 2016 Cost of revenues $ 36 $ 51 Research and development 44 32 Sales and marketing 73 40 General and administrative 239 99 $ 392 $ 222 Stock-based compensation expense capitalized to inventory was immaterial for the three months ended April 1, 2017 and April 2, 2016. Occasionally, the Company will grant stock-based instruments to non-employees. During the three months ended April 1, 2017 and April 2, 2016, the amount of stock-based compensation related to non-employee options was not material. Information regarding stock options outstanding, vested and expected to vest and exercisable as of April 1, 2017 is summarized below: Number of Shares Weighted Average Exercise Price Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Aggregate Intrinsic (thousands) Options outstanding 478,538 $ 9.31 4.52 $ 1,528 Options vested and expected to vest 450,850 $ 9.12 4.44 $ 1,498 Options exercisable 237,456 $ 7.05 3.63 $ 1,150 The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the pre-tax intrinsic value, based on the Company’s closing price as of April 1, 2017, that would have been received by option holders had all option holders exercised their stock options as of that date. This amount changes based on the fair market value of the Company’s stock. The total intrinsic value of options exercised for the three months ended April 1, 2017 and April 2, 2016 was approximately $226 thousand and $285 thousand, respectively. As of April 1, 2017, there was $3.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost, net of expected forfeitures, related to non-vested stock-based compensation arrangements under the Incentive Plan. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.61 years. Summary of Restricted Stock Units and Awards Information regarding the restricted stock units (“RSUs”) activity for the three months ended April 1, 2017 is summarized below: Number of Shares Outstanding as of December 31, 2016 335,805 Restricted stock units granted 42,000 Restricted stock units released (57,327 ) Restricted stock units cancelled — Outstanding as of April 1, 2017 320,478 During the three months ended April 1, 2017, the Company awarded 42,000 restricted stock units at a weighted-average grant date fair value of $13.88 per share subject to service, performance and market vesting conditions. Of this amount, 34,000 stock units represent performance based shares that are subject to service and performance vesting conditions with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $14.61 per share and 8,000 stock units represent performance based shares that are subject to service, performance and market vesting conditions with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $11.86 per share. RSUs granted with market conditions are valued using the Monte Carlo simulation model and compensation expense is recognized ratably during the service period even if the market condition is not satisfied. To the extent that the market condition is not met, the RSUs will not vest and will be cancelled. RSUs granted with performance conditions are valued at the grant date fair value of the underlying common shares. The Company makes a determination regarding the probability of the performance criteria being achieved and compensation expense is recognized ratably over the vesting period, if it is expected that the performance criteria will be met. |