Exhibit 3.1
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
SUNRISE SENIOR LIVING, INC.
(As Amended)
1. Offices
1.1 Registered Office
The initial registered office of the Corporation shall be in Wilmington, Delaware, and the initial registered agent in charge thereof shall be Corporation Service Company, 1013 Centre Road, Wilmington, Delaware 19805.
1.2 Other Offices
The Corporation may also have offices at such other places, both within and without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or as may be necessary or useful in connection with the business of the Corporation.
2. Meetings of Stockholders
2.1 Place of Meetings
All meetings of the stockholders shall be held at such place as may be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors, the Chair of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President.
2.2 Annual Meetings
The Corporation shall hold annual meetings of stockholders on such date and at such time as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors, the Chair of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President, at which stockholders shall elect successors to the directors whose terms shall have expired and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting, pursuant to Article 2 of these Bylaws.
2.3 Special Meetings
Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute or by the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation (which shall include any amendments thereto and shall be hereinafter referred to as so amended as the “Certificate of Incorporation”), including, without limitation, the restrictions set forth in Article 6.3 thereof, may be called only by resolution of the Board of Directors adopted by a majority of the entire Board of Directors (as defined hereinafter), the Chair of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President of the Corporation, and shall be called by the Chief Executive Officer, the President or the Secretary of the Corporati on at the request in proper form of stockholders possessing at least 25 percent of the voting power of the issued and
outstanding voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote generally for the election of directors. To be in proper form, such request must be in writing, state the purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting and include all information that would be required to be delivered pursuant to Section 2.12.3 of these Bylaws. Business transacted at special meetings shall be strictly confined to the purposes stated in the Corporation’s notice of the meeting or in any supplemental notice delivered by the Corporation in accordance with Section 2.4 of these Bylaws. The term “entire Board of Directors” as used herein shall mean the total number of directors constituting the entire Board of Directors irrespective of the number of directors then in office or vacancies.
2.4 Notice of Meetings
Notice of any meeting of stockholders, stating the place, date and hour of the meeting, and (if it is a special meeting) the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting (except to the extent that such notice is waived or is not required as provided in the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “Delaware General Corporation Law”) or these Bylaws). Such notice shall be given in accordance with, and shall be deemed effective as set forth in, Section 222 (or any successor section) of the Delaware General Corporation Law.
2.5 Waivers of Notice
Whenever the giving of any notice is required by statute, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a waiver thereof, in writing and delivered to the Corporation, signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after the event as to which such notice is required, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a stockholder at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the stockholder at the beginning of the meeting objects to holding the meeting or transacting business at the meeting.
2.6 List of Stockholders
After the record date for a meeting of stockholders has been fixed, at least ten days before such meeting, the officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall make a list of all stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, either at a place in the city where the meeting is to be held, which place is to be specified in the notice of the meeting, or at the place where the meeting is t o be held. Such list shall also, for the duration of the meeting, be produced and kept open to the examination of any stockholder who is present at the time and place of the meeting.
2.7 Quorum at Meetings
Stockholders may take action on a matter at a meeting only if a quorum exists with respect to that matter. Except as otherwise provided by statute or by the Certificate of
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Incorporation, the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote at the meeting, and who are present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business. Where a separate vote by a class or classes is required, the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class or classes, who are present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action on that matter. The Chair of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President may adjourn the meeting from time to time, whether or not there is such a quorum. No notice of the time and place of adjourned meetings need be given except as required by law. The stockholders present at a duly called meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.
2.8 Voting and Proxies
Unless otherwise provided in the Delaware General Corporation Law or in the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, and subject to the other provisions of these Bylaws, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote on each matter, in person or by proxy, for each share of the Corporation’s capital stock that has voting power and that is held by such stockholder. No proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. A duly executed appointment of proxy shall be irrevocable if the appointment form states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power.
2.9 Required Vote
When a quorum is present at any meeting of stockholders, all matters shall be determined, adopted and approved by the affirmative vote (which need not be by ballot) of the holders of a majority of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote with respect to the matter, unless the proposed action is one upon which, by express provision of statutes or of the Certificate of Incorporation, a different vote is specified and required, in which case such express provision shall govern and control the decision of such question. Where a separate vote by a class or classes is required, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of such class or classes present in person or rep resented by proxy at the meeting shall be the act of such class, unless the proposed action is one upon which, by express provision of statutes or of the Certificate of Incorporation, a different vote is specified and required, in which case such express provision shall govern and control the decision of such question. Notwithstanding the foregoing, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors.
2.10 Action Without a Meeting
Any action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders of the Corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of such stockholders and may not be effected by any consent in writing by such stockholders, unless such consent is unanimous.
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2.11 Order of Business at Stockholder Meetings
2.11.1 Order of Business at Annual Meeting
At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted or considered, and only such nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors shall be made, as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. For business to be properly brought before an annual meeting or, as applicable, for nominations to be properly made at an annual meeting, proposals of business and nominations must be (a) specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise properly made at the annual meeting, by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (c) otherwise properly requested by a stockholder to be made at the annual meeting in accordance with the immediately succeeding sentence. For proposals of business or nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors to be properly requested by a stockholder to be made at an annual meeting, a stockholder must (i) be a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice of such annual meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors and at the time of the annual meeting, (ii) be entitled to vote at the meeting and (iii) comply with the notice procedures set forth in Section 2.12 of these Bylaws as to such business. The immediately preceding sentence shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations or submit proposals of business (other than matters properly brought under Rule 14a-8 under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and included in the Corporation’s notice of meeting) before an annual meeting of stockholders.
2.11.2 Order of Business at Special Meeting
At a special meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted or considered, as shall have been properly brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting (except to the extent that such notice is waived or is not required as provided in the Delaware General Corporation Law or these Bylaws). To be properly brought before a special meeting, proposals of business must be (a) specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise properly brought before the special meeting, by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (c) otherwise properly requested by a stockholder to be brought at the special meeting by a stockholder in accordance with the immediately succeeding sentence. For proposals of business to be properly requested by a stockholder to be brought before a special meeting, a stockholder must (i) be a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice of such special meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors and at the time of the special meeting, (ii) be entitled to vote at the meeting and (iii) comply with the notice procedures set forth in Section 2.12 of these Bylaws as to such business.
No director may in any event be removed, except for cause, at a special meeting of stockholders called at the request of stockholders of the Corporation and no special meeting called at the request of stockholders of the Corporation may in any event be called for the purpose of removing any director except for cause. Prior to the 2010 annual meeting of stockholders, no director serving a multi-year term pursuant to Section 3.2 may in any event be removed during any part of his or her multi-year term except for cause.
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Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting (a) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (b) provided that the Board of Directors has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the Corporation who (i) is a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice of such special meeting and at the time of the special meeting, (ii) is entitled to vote at the meeting, and (iii) complies with the notice procedures set forth in Section 2.12 of these Bylaws as to such nomination.
2.11.3 General
Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in Sections 2.11.1, 2.11.2 and 2.12 of these Bylaws shall be eligible to serve as directors and only such business shall be conducted at any annual or special meeting of stockholders as shall have been properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in Sections 2.11.1, 2.11.2 and 2.12 of these Bylaws. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the Chairman of the meeting shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may b e, in accordance with the procedures set forth in Sections 2.11.1, 2.11.2 and 2.12 of these Bylaws and, if any proposed nomination or business is not in compliance with Sections 2.11.1, 2.11.2 and 2.12 of these Bylaws, to declare that such defective proposal or nomination shall be disregarded.
2.12 Advance Notice of Stockholder Business and Nominations
2.12.1 Annual Meeting
Without qualification or limitation, for any nominations or any other business to be properly requested to be brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to Section 2.11.1 of these Bylaws, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary and such other business must otherwise be a proper matter for stockholder action. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day and not later than the close of business on the 90th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the date of such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to the date of such annual meeting or, if the first public announcement of the date of such annual meeting is less than 100 days prior to the date of such annual meeting, the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.
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Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of the paragraph above to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors is increased by the Board of Directors and there is no public announcement by the Corporation naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board of Directors at least 100 days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 2.12.1 shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later th an the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.
2.12.2 Special Meeting
Without qualification or limitation, for any business to be properly requested to be brought before a special meeting by a stockholder pursuant to Section 2.11.2 of these Bylaws, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary and such business must otherwise be a proper matter for stockholder action. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than 120 days prior to the date of such special meeting; provided, however, that if the first public announcement of the date of such special meeting is less than 130 days prior to the date of such special meeting, notice by the stockholder must be so received n ot later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting. In no event will an adjournment or postponement of a special meeting of stockholders or the public announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as provided above.
In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board of Directors, any stockholder may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) as specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting, if the stockholder’s notice required by Section 2.12.3 of these Bylaws with respect to any nomination (including the completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement required by Section 2.13 of these Bylaws) shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not earlier than the close of business on the 120th day prior to the date of such special meeting and not later th an the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to the date of such special meeting or, if the first public announcement of the date of such special meeting is less than 100 days prior to the date of such special meeting, the 10th day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of a special meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.
2.12.3 General
(1) To be in proper form, a stockholder’s notice (whether given pursuant to Section 2.3, Section 2.12.1 or Section 2.12.2 of these Bylaws) to the Secretary must: (a) set forth, as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made (i) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the
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Corporation’s books, and of such beneficial owner, if any, (ii) (A) the class or series and number of shares of the Corporation which are, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner, (B) any option, warrant, convertible security, stock appreciation right, or similar right with an exercise or conversion privilege or a settlement payment or mechanism at a price related to any class or series of shares of the Corporation or with a value derived in whole or in part from the value of any class or series of shares of the Corporation, or derivative or synthetic arrangement having characteristics of a long position in any class or series of shares of the Corporation whether or not such instrument or right shall be subject to settlement in the underlying class or series of capital stock of the Corporation or otherwise (a “Derivative Instrument”) directly or indirectly own ed beneficially by such stockholder and any other direct or indirect opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Corporation, (C) any proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding, or relationship pursuant to which such stockholder has a right to vote any shares of any security of the Corporation, (D) any short interest in any security of the Corporation (for purposes of this Section 2.12.3 a person shall be deemed to have a short interest in a security if such person directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has the opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any decrease in the value of the subject security), (E) any rights to dividends on the shares of the Corporation owned beneficially by such stockholder that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the Corporation, (F) any proportionate interest in shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments held, directly or indirectly, by a general or limited partnership in which such stockholder is a general partner or, directly or indirectly, beneficially owns an interest in a general partner and (G) any performance-related fees (other than an asset-based fee) that such stockholder is entitled to based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments, if any, as of the date of such notice, including without limitation any such interests held by members of such stockholder’s immediate family sharing the same household (which information shall be supplemented by such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, not later than 10 days after the record date for the meeting to disclose such ownership as of the record date), and (iii) any other information relating to such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as appl icable, the proposal and/or for the election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; (b) if the notice relates to any business other than a nomination of a director or directors that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, set forth (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest of such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, in such business and (ii) a description of all agreements, arrangements and understandings between such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by such stockholder; (c) set forth, as to each person, if any, whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection to the Board of Directors (i) all information relating to such person that would be r equired to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including such person’s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a
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director if elected) and (ii) a description of all direct and indirect compensation and other material monetary agreements, arrangements and understandings during the past three years, and any other material relationships, between or among such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, and their respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, on the one hand, and each proposed nominee, and his or her respective affiliates and associates, or others acting in concert therewith, on the other hand, including, without limitation all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Rule 404 promulgated under Regulation S-K if the stockholder making the nomination and any beneficial owner on whose behalf the nomination is made, if any, or any affiliate or associate thereof or person acting in concert therewith, were the “registrant” for purposes of such rule and the nominee were a director o r executive officer of such registrant; and (d) with respect to each nominee for election or reelection to the Board of Directors, include a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement required by Section 2.13 of these Bylaws. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director of the Corporation or that could be material to a reasonable stockholder’s understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such nominee.
(2) For purposes of Section 2.11 and Section 2.12 of these Bylaws, “public announcement” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by a national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(3) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of Section 2.11 and Section 2.12 of these Bylaws, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 2.12; provided, however, that any references in these Bylaws to the Exchange Act or the rules promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit the requirements applicable to nominations or proposals as to any other business to be considered pursuant to Sections 2.11 or Section 2.12 of these Bylaws. Nothing in Section 2.11 and Section 2.12 of these Bylaws shall be deemed to affect any rights (i) of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act or (ii) of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock if and to the extent provided for under law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.
2.13 Submission of Questionnaire, Representation and Agreement
To be eligible to be a nominee for election or reelection as a director of the Corporation, a person must deliver (in accordance with the time periods prescribed for delivery of notice under Section 2.12 of these Bylaws) to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation a written questionnaire with respect to the background and qualification of such person and the background of any other person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made (which questionnaire shall be provided by the Secretary upon written request) and a written representation and agreement (in the form provided by the Secretary upon written request) that such person (A) is not and will not become a party to (1) any agreement, arrang ement or understanding with, and has not given any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as
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to how such person, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a “Voting Commitment”) that has not been disclosed to the Corporation or (2) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such person’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such person’s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (B) is not and will not become a party to any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed therein, and (C) in such person’s individual capacity and on behalf of any person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made, would be in compliance, if elected as a director of the Corporation, and will comply with all applicable publicly disclosed corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality and trading policies and guidelines of the Corporation.
3. Directors
3.1 General
3.1.1 Powers
The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors, which may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things, subject to any limitation set forth in the Certificate of Incorporation or as otherwise may be provided in the Delaware General Corporation Law.
3.1.2 Chair
The Board of Directors shall annually elect from among its members a Chair of the Board, who shall not be deemed an officer of the Corporation as a result of such title. The Chair of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the directors and stockholders and shall have such other duties as may be prescribed, from time to time, by the Board of Directors. If the Chair of the Board is not present at a meeting of the directors or stockholders, the Board of Directors may designate a Vice Chair or another director to preside at the meeting. The Chair shall hold such position until his or her successor is appointed and qualifies or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. The Chair appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, whether or not a quorum.
3.1.3 Vice Chair
The Board of Directors may also annually elect one or more Vice Chairs from among its members, with such duties as may be prescribed, from time to time, by the Board of Directors. Each Vice Chair shall hold such position until his or her successor is appointed and qualifies or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. Any Vice Chair appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, whether or not a quorum.
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3.2 Number, Election and Term of Office
As of the annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation held on November 13, 2008, the total number of directors constituting the entire Board of Directors was nine. Thereafter, the total number of directors constituting the entire Board of Directors shall be exclusively determined by resolution of the Board of Directors passed by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then in office, provided, that such number shall be consistent with the minimum and maximum number of directors set forth in the Certificate of Incorporation. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors elected to succeed those whose terms are expiring shall be elected for a term of office to expire at the next annual meeting of s tockholders. Each director shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. Directors need not be stockholders.
3.3 Vacancies
Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors elected by all of the stockholders having the right to vote as a single class may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although fewer than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. Whenever the holders of any class or classes of stock or series thereof are entitled to elect one or more directors by the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, vacancies and newly created directorships of such class or classes or series may be filled by a majority of the directors elected by such class or classes or series thereof then in office, or by the sole remaining director so elected. Each director so chosen shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders, and, in each case, until such director’s successor is elected and qualified, or until the director’s earlier death, resignation or removal. In the event that one or more directors resigns from the Board, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective, and each director so chosen shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until such director’s successor is elected and qualified, or until the director’s earlier death, resignation or removal. No decrease in the number of authorized directors constituting the entire Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.
3.4 Meetings
3.4.1 Regular Meetings
Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors.
3.4.2 Special Meetings
Special meetings of the Board may be called by the Chair of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President on one day’s notice to each director, either personally or by telephone, express delivery service (so that the scheduled delivery date of the notice is at least one day in advance of the meeting), telegram, facsimile transmission, electronic mail (effective when directed to an electronic mail address of the director), or other electronic transmission, as
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defined in Section 232(c) (or any successor section) of the Delaware General Corporation Law (effective when directed to the director), and on five days’ notice by mail (effective upon deposit of such notice in the mail). The notice need not describe the purpose of a special meeting.
3.4.3 Telephone Meetings
Members of the Board of Directors may participate in a meeting of the Board by any communication by means of which all participating directors can simultaneously hear each other during the meeting. A director participating in a meeting by this means is deemed to be present in person at the meeting.
3.4.4 Action Without Meeting
Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting if the action is taken by all members of the Board. The action must be evidenced by one or more written consents describing the action taken, signed by each director, and delivered to the Corporation for inclusion in the minute book.
3.4.5 Waiver of Notice of Meeting
A director may waive any notice required by statute, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws before or after the date and time stated in the notice. Except as set forth below, the waiver must be in writing, signed by the director entitled to the notice, and delivered to the Corporation for inclusion in the minute book. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a director’s attendance at or participation in a meeting waives any required notice to the director of the meeting unless the director at the beginning of the meeting objects to holding the meeting or transacting business at the meeting and does not thereafter vote for or assent to action taken at the meeting.
3.5 Quorum and Vote at Meetings
At all meetings of the Board, a quorum of the Board of Directors consists of the presence of a majority of the total number of directors constituting the entire Board of Directors. The affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.
3.6 Committees of Directors
The Board of Directors may by resolution designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. If a member of a committee shall be absent from any meeting, or disqualified from voting thereat, the remaining member or members present and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may, by unanimous vote, appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provide d in the resolution of the Board of Directors, shall have and may exercise all
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the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to amending the Certificate of Incorporation (except that a committee may, to the extent authorized in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of shares of stock adopted by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 151(a) of the Delaware General Corporation Law, fix the designations and any of the preferences or rights of such shares relating to dividends, redemption, dissolution, any distribution of assets of the Corporation or the conversion into, or the exchange of such shares for, shares of any other class or classes or any other series of the same or any other class or classes of stock of the Corporation or fix the number of shares of an y series of stock or authorize the increase or decrease of any shares of any series), adopting an agreement of merger or consolidation pursuant to Sections 251, 252, 257, 258, 263 or 264 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, recommending to the stockholders the sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the Corporation’s property and assets, recommending to the stockholders a dissolution of the Corporation or a revocation of a dissolution, or amending the Bylaws; and unless the resolutions, these Bylaws or the Certificate of Incorporation expressly so provide, no such committee shall have the power or authority to declare a dividend, to authorize the issuance of stock, or to adopt a certificate of ownership and merger pursuant to Section 253 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors. Unless otherwise specified in the resolution of the Board of Di rectors designating the committee, at all meetings of each such committee of directors, a majority of the members of the committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the affirmative vote of a majority of the members of the committee present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the committee. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the Board of Directors, when required.
3.7 Compensation of Directors
The Board of Directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors.
4. Officers
4.1 Positions
The officers of the Corporation shall be a Chief Executive Officer, a Chief Financial Officer, a Secretary and a Treasurer, and such other officers as the Board of Directors from time to time may appoint, including a President, a Chief Operating Officer, Executive Vice Presidents, a General Counsel, Senior Vice Presidents, Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers. Each such officer shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be set forth below and such other powers and duties as from time to time may be specified by the Board of Directors or by any officer(s) authorized by the Board of Directors to prescribe the duties of such other officers. Any number of offices may be held by the same pers on, except that in no event shall the Chief Executive Officer or the President be the same person as the Secretary. Each of the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, and/or any Executive Vice President or Senior Vice President may execute bonds, mortgages and other documents under the seal of the Corporation, except where
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required or permitted by law to be otherwise executed and except where the authorization therefor shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to some other officer or agent of the Corporation.
4.2 Chief Executive Officer
Unless provided otherwise by a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation shall have overall executive responsibility and authority for management of the business, affairs and operations of the Corporation (subject to the authority of the Board of Directors). The Chief Executive Officer shall, in general, perform all duties incident to the office of a chief executive officer of a corporation, including those duties customarily performed by the persons holding such office, and shall perform such other duties as, from time to time, may be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors.
4.3 President
Unless provided otherwise by a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors, the President shall have general and active management of the business, affairs and operations of the Corporation (subject to the direction of the Chief Executive Officer and the authority of the Board of Directors), shall ensure that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect, and, in general, shall perform all duties incident to the office of a president of a corporation, including those duties customarily performed by the persons holding such office, and shall perform such other duties as, from time to time, may be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer.
4.4 Chief Financial Officer
Unless provided otherwise by a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors, the Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation shall have general charge and supervision of the financial affairs of the Corporation, including budgetary, accounting and statistical methods, and shall approve payment, or designate others serving under him to approve for payment, all vouchers and warrants for disbursements of funds, and, in general, shall perform such other duties as are incident to the office of a chief financial officer of a corporation, including those duties customarily performed by persons occupying such office, and shall perform such other duties as, from time to time, may be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors, the Chie f Executive Officer or the President.
4.5 Chief Operating Officer
Unless provided otherwise by a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors, the Chief Operating Officer of the Corporation shall have general charge and supervision of the day to day operations of the Corporation (subject to the direction of the Chief Executive Officer and the authority of the Board of Directors), and, in general, shall perform such other duties as are incident to the office of a chief operating officer of a corporation, including those duties customarily performed by persons occupying such office, and shall perform such other duties as, from time to time, may be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer.
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4.6 General Counsel
Unless provided otherwise by a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors, the General Counsel of the Corporation shall be responsible for supervising the legal affairs of the Corporation, and, in general, shall perform such other duties as are incident to the office of a general counsel of a corporation, including those duties customarily performed by persons occupying such office, and shall perform such other duties as, from time to time, may be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer.
4.7 Vice President
In the absence of the Chief Executive Officer and the President or in the event of the Chief Executive Officer’s and the President’s failure or refusal to act, the Vice President (or in the event there be more than one Vice President, the Vice Presidents in the order designated, or in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their election) shall perform the duties of the Chief Executive Officer and the President, and when so acting shall have all the powers of, and be subject to all the restrictions upon, the Chief Executive Officer and the President. The Vice President or Vice Presidents, in general, shall perform such other duties as are incident to the office of a vice president of a corporation, includin g those duties customarily performed by persons occupying such office, and shall perform such other duties as, from time to time, may be assigned to him or her or them by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer. The Board of Directors may designate one or more Vice Presidents as Executive Vice Presidents or Senior Vice Presidents.
4.8 Secretary
The Secretary, or an Assistant Secretary, shall attend all meetings of the Board of Directors and all meetings of the stockholders, and shall record all the proceedings of the meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors in a book to be kept for that purpose, and shall perform like duties for the standing committees, when required. The Secretary shall have custody of the corporate seal of the Corporation, and the Secretary, or an Assistant Secretary, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it, and when so affixed it may be attested by the signature of the Secretary or by the signature of such Assistant Secretary. The Board of Directors may give general authority to any other officer to affi x the seal of the Corporation and to attest the affixing by such officer’s signature. The Secretary or an Assistant Secretary may also attest all instruments signed by the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer or any Vice President. The Secretary, or an Assistant Secretary, shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and, in general, shall perform all duties as are incident to the office of a secretary of a corporation, including those duties customarily performed by persons occupying such office, and shall perform such other duties as, from time to time, may be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer or any Executive Vice President.
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4.9 Assistant Secretary
The Assistant Secretary, or if there be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the Board of Directors (or if there shall have been no such determination, then in the order of their election), shall, in the absence of the Secretary or in the event of the Secretary’s inability or refusal to act or when requested by the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer or any Executive Vice President, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary, and, in general, shall perform all duties as are incident to the office of an assistant secretary of a corporation, including those duties customarily performed by persons holding such office, and shall perform such other duties as, from time to time, may be assigned to him or her or them by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, any Executive Vice President or the Secretary. An Assistant Secretary may or may not be an officer, as determined by the Board of Directors.
4.10 Treasurer
The Treasurer shall have responsibility for the custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation, and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such banks and other depositories as may be designated from time to time by the Treasurer. The Treasurer shall also render to the Chief Executive Officer, the President and the Chief Operating Officer, upon request, and to the Board of Directors at its regular meetings, or when the Board of Directors so requires, an account of all financial transactions and of the financial condition of the Corporation and, in general, shal l perform such duties as are incident to the office of a treasurer of a corporation, including those customarily performed by persons occupying such office, and shall perform all other duties as, from time to time, may be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Officer or any Executive Vice President.
4.11 Assistant Treasurer
The Assistant Treasurer, or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the Board of Directors (or if there shall have been no such determination, then in the order of their election), shall, in the absence of the Treasurer or in the event of the Treasurer’s inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer, and, in general, shall perform all duties as are incident to the office of an assistant treasurer of a corporation, including those duties customarily performed by persons occupying such office, and shall perform such other duties as, from time to time, may be assigned to him or them by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Operating Officer, the Chief Financial Office r, any Executive Vice President or by the Treasurer. An Assistant Treasurer may or may not be an officer, as determined by the Board of Directors.
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4.12 Term of Office
The officers of the Corporation shall hold office until their successors are chosen and qualify or until their earlier resignation or removal. Any officer may resign at any time upon written notice to the Corporation. Any officer elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors constituting the entire Board of Directors.
4.13 Compensation
The compensation of officers of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors or by any officer(s) authorized by the Board of Directors to prescribe the compensation of such other officers.
4.14 Fidelity Bonds
The Corporation may secure the fidelity of any or all of its officers or agents by bond or otherwise.
5. Capital Stock
5.1 Certificates of Stock; Uncertificated Shares
The shares of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates or shall be uncertificated shares. Notwithstanding the adoption of such a resolution by the Board of Directors, every holder of stock represented by certificates, and upon request every holder of uncertificated shares, shall be entitled to have a certificate (representing the number of shares registered in certificate form) signed in the name of the Corporation by the Chair of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or any Vice President, and by the Treasurer, Secretary or any Assistant Treasurer or Assistant Secretary of the Corporation. Any or all the signatures on the certificate may be facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar wh ose signature or facsimile signature appears on a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.
5.2 Lost Certificates
The Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Financial Officer or Secretary may direct a new certificate of stock to be issued in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the Corporation and alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming that the certificate of stock has been lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such issuance of a new certificate, the Board or any such officer may, as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or certificates, or such owner’s legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as the Board or such officer shall requir e and/or to give the Corporation a bond or indemnity, in such sum or on such terms and conditions as the Board or such officer may direct, as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation on account of the
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certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed or on account of the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.
5.3 Record Date
5.3.1 Actions by Stockholders
In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than sixty days nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preced ing the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting, unless the Board of Directors fixes a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than ten days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation in the manner prescribed by Section 213(b) of the Delaware General Corporation Law. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.
5.3.2 Payments
In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than sixty days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relat ing thereto.
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5.4 Stockholders of Record
The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, to receive notifications, to vote as such owner, and to exercise all the rights and powers of an owner. The Corporation shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise may be provided by the Delaware General Corporation Law.
6. Indemnification
6.1 Authorization of Indemnification and Mandatory Advancement of Expenses
Each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is otherwise involved in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative and whether by or in the right of the Corporation or otherwise (a “proceeding”), by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person of whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was, at any time during which these Bylaws are in effect (whether or not such person continues to serve in such capacity at the time any indemnification or payment of expenses pursuant hereto is sought or at the time any proceeding relating thereto exists or is brought), a director or officer of the Corporation or is or was at any such time serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, trustee, employee, partner (limited or general) or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan maintained or sponsored by the Corporation (a “Covered Person”), whether the basis of such proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a director, officer, trustee, employee or agent or in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer, trustee, employee or agent, shall be (and shall be deemed to have a contractual right to be) indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation (and any successor to the Corporation by merger or otherwise) to the fullest extent authorized by, and subject to the conditions and (except as provided herein) procedures set forth in the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended or modified from time t o time (but in the case of any such amendment or modification, only to the extent that such amendment or modification permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than said law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment), against all expenses, liabilities and losses (including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement) incurred or suffered by such person in connection therewith and such indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, trustee, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and administrators; provided, however, that the Corporation shall indemnify any such person seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person (except for a suit or action pursuant to Section 6.2 of these Bylaws) only if such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Director s of the Corporation.
The right to indemnification conferred in this Section 6.1 also shall include the right to be paid by the Corporation (and such successor) the expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in connection with any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition without the need for any
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action of the Board of Directors, such advances to be paid by the Corporation within twenty (20) days after the receipt by the Corporation of a statement or statements from the claimant requesting such advance or advances from time to time; provided, however, that, if and to the extent the Delaware General Corporation Law requires, the payment of such expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by a director or officer in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such person while a director or officer, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) in advance of the final disposition of a proceeding shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking (the “undertaking”) by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay all amounts so paid in advance if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial de cision from which there is no further right of appeal (a “final disposition”) that such director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Section 6.1 or otherwise.
To obtain indemnification under this Section 6.1, a claimant shall submit to the Corporation a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to the claimant and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent the claimant is entitled to indemnification.
All of the rights conferred in this Article IV, as to indemnification, advancement of expenses and otherwise, shall be contractual rights between the Corporation and each Covered Person to whom such rights are extended that vest at the commencement of such Covered Person’s service to or at the request of the Corporation. Any amendment or modification of this Article VI that in any way diminishes or adversely affects any such rights shall be prospective only and shall not in any way diminish or adversely affect any such rights with respect to any actual or alleged state of facts, occurrence, action or omission occurring prior to the time of such amendment or modification, or proceeding previously or thereafter brought or threa tened based in whole or in part upon any such actual or alleged state of facts, occurrence, action or omission.
The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, grant rights to indemnification, and rights to advancement of expenses incurred in connection with any proceeding in advance of its final disposition, to any current or former employee or agent of the Corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Section 6.1 with respect to the indemnification and advancement of expenses of current or former directors and officers of the Corporation.
6.2 Right of Claimant to Bring Action Against the Corporation
If a claim under Section 6.1 of these Bylaws is not paid in full by the Corporation within sixty days after a written claim pursuant to Section 6.1 of these Bylaws has been received by the Corporation (except in the case of a request for advancement of expenses, for which the applicable period is twenty (20) days), the claimant may at any time thereafter bring an action against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and, if successful in whole or in part, the claimant shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting such action. It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a request for advancement of expenses incurred in connection with any proceeding in advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking, if any is required, has been tendered to the Corporation) that the claimant has not met the standard of conduct which makes it permissible
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under the Delaware General Corporation Law for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed or is otherwise not entitled to indemnification or advancement of expenses under Section 6.1 of these Bylaws but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation, including its Board of Directors or stockholders (in the manner provided under the Delaware General Corporation Law), to have made a determination prior to or after the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the Delaware General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation, including its Board of Directors or stockholders (in the manner provided under the Delaware General Corporation Law) that the claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a d efense to the action or create a presumption that the claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct.
If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 6.1 of these Bylaws that the claimant is entitled to indemnification, the Corporation shall be bound by such determination in any judicial proceeding commenced pursuant to Section 6.2 of these Bylaws.
The Corporation shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding commenced pursuant to Section 6.2 of these Bylaws that the procedures and presumptions of these Bylaws are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in such proceeding that the Corporation is bound by all the provisions of these Bylaws.
Any notice, request or other communication required or permitted to be given to the Corporation under Article 6 of these Bylaws shall be in writing and either delivered in person or sent by telecopy, telex, telegram, overnight mail or courier service, or certified or registered mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, to the Secretary of the Corporation and shall be effective only upon receipt by the Secretary.
6.3 Non-exclusivity
The rights to indemnification and advance payment of expenses provided by Section 6.1 hereof shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking indemnification and advance payment of expenses may be entitled under any by-law, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his or her official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office.
6.4 Survival of Indemnification
The indemnification and advance payment of expenses and rights thereto provided by, or granted pursuant to, Section 6.1 hereof shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee, partner or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the personal representatives, heirs, executors and administrators of such person.
6.5 Insurance
The Corporation shall have power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was
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serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee, partner (limited or general) or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, trust or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against such person or incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person’s status as such, and related expenses, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law.
6.6 Severability
If any provision or provisions of Article 6 of these Bylaws shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (1) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of Article 6 of these Bylaws (including, without limitation, each portion of any paragraph of Article 6 of these Bylaws containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and (2) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of Article 6 of these Bylaws (including, without limitation, each such portion of any paragraph of Article 6 of these Bylaws containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.
7. General Provisions
7.1 Inspection of Books and Records
Any stockholder, in person or by attorney or other agent, shall, upon written demand under oath stating the purpose thereof, have the right during the usual hours for business to inspect for any proper purpose the Corporation’s stock ledger, a list of its stockholders, and its other books and records, and to make copies or extracts therefrom. A proper purpose shall mean a purpose reasonably related to such person’s interest as a stockholder. In every instance where an attorney or other agent shall be the person who seeks the right to inspection, the demand under oath shall be accompanied by a power of attorney or such other writing which authorizes the attorney or other agent to so act on behalf of the stockholder. The d emand under oath shall be directed to the Corporation at its registered office or at its principal place of business.
7.2 Dividends
The Board of Directors may declare dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation and the laws of the State of Delaware.
7.3 Reserves
The directors of the Corporation may set apart, out of the funds of the Corporation available for dividends, a reserve or reserves for any proper purpose and may abolish any such reserve.
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7.4 Execution of Instruments
All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, and promissory notes of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.
7.5 Fiscal Year
The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.
7.6 Seal
The corporate seal shall be in such form as the Board of Directors shall approve. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or otherwise reproduced.
7.7 Pronouns
All pronouns and any variations thereof shall be deemed to refer to the masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, as the identity of the person or entity may require.
7.8 Amendments
The Board of Directors or the stockholders may from time to time adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation. Such action by the Board of Directors shall require the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then in office at a duly constituted meeting of the Board of Directors called for such purpose. Such action by the stockholders shall require the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon at a duly constituted meeting of stockholders called for such purpose.
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(As last amended on November 13, 2008)
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