Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses | 8. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses Set forth below is selected data relating to the composition of the loan portfolio at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands): September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Real Estate Loans: Residential $ 295,125 20.6 % $ 273,040 20.1 % Commercial 644,607 45.0 628,724 46.4 Agricultural 69,356 4.8 61,925 4.6 Construction 26,637 1.9 21,990 1.6 Commercial loans 184,729 12.9 186,031 13.7 Other agricultural loans 35,733 2.5 37,930 2.8 Consumer loans to individuals 176,680 12.3 146,400 10.8 Total loans 1,432,867 100.0 % 1,356,040 100.0 % Deferred fees, net ( 579 ) ( 1,109 ) Total loans receivable 1,432,288 1,354,931 Allowance for loan losses ( 16,931 ) ( 16,442 ) Net loans receivable $ 1,415,357 $ 1,338,489 During 2020 and 2021 the Company participated in the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), administered directly by the United States Small Business Administration (“SBA”). The PPP provides loans to small businesses who were affected by economic conditions as a result of COVID-19 to provide cash-flow assistance to employers who maintain their payroll (including healthcare and certain related expenses), mortgage interest, rent, leases, utilities and interest on existing debt during the COVID-19 emergency. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had outstanding principal balances of $ 755,000 and $ 15.2 million, respectively, in PPP loans. The PPP loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA and may be eligible for forgiveness by the SBA to the extent that the proceeds are used to cover eligible payroll costs, interest costs, rent, and utility costs over a period of up to 24 weeks after the loan is made as long as certain conditions are met regarding employee retention and compensation levels. PPP loans deemed eligible for forgiveness by the SBA will be repaid by the SBA to the Company. PPP loans are included in the commercial loan category. In accordance with the SBA terms and conditions on these PPP loans, the Company received approximately $ 5.1 million in fees associated with the processing of these loans. Upon funding of the loan, these fees were deferred and will be amortized over the life of the loan as an adjustment to yield in accordance with FASB ASC 310-20-25-2. As of September 30, 2022, the carrying value of these unamortized loan fees was $ 20,000 . The following table presents information regarding loans acquired and accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30 (in thousands): September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Outstanding Balance $ 9,272 $ 12,862 Carrying Amount $ 6,614 $ 8,304 As a result of the acquisition of UpState New York Bancorp, Inc. (“UpState”), the Company added $ 15,410,000 of loans that were accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30. Based on a review of the loans acquired by the Company’s senior lending management, which included an analysis of credit deterioration of the loans since origination, the Company recorded a specific credit fair value adjustment of $ 6,937,000 . For loans that were acquired with specific evidence of deterioration in credit quality, loan losses will be accounted for through a reduction of the specific reserve and will not impact the allowance for loan losses until actual losses exceed the allotted reserves. For loans acquired without a deterioration of credit quality, losses incurred will result in adjustments to the allowance for loan losses through the allowance for loan loss adequacy calculation. Changes in the accretable yield for purchased credit impaired loans for the nine-months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, were as follows (in thousands): 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of period $ 1,884 $ 1,365 Additions — — Accretion ( 558 ) ( 523 ) Reclassification and other 523 993 Balance at end of period $ 1,849 $ 1,835 Loans acquired with credit deterioration of $ 15,410,000 and accounted for in accordance with ASC 310-30 were individually evaluated to estimate credit losses and a net recovery amount for each loan. The net cash flows for each loan were then discounted to present value using a risk-adjusted market rate. The table below presents the components of the purchase accounting adjustments: (In Thousands) July 7, 2020 Contractually required principal and interest $ 15,410 Non-accretable discount ( 5,213 ) Expected cash flows 10,197 Accretable discount ( 1,724 ) Estimated fair value $ 8,473 The Company maintains a loan review system, which allows for a periodic review of our loan portfolio and the early identification of potential impaired loans. Such system takes into consideration, among other things, delinquency status, size of loans, type and market value of collateral and financial condition of the borrowers. Specific loan loss allowances are established for identified losses based on a review of such information. A loan evaluated for impairment is considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. All loans identified as impaired are evaluated independently. We do not aggregate such loans for evaluation purposes. Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis for commercial and construction loans by the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral-dependent. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Company does not separately identify individual consumer and residential mortgage loans for impairment disclosures, unless such loans are part of a larger relationship that is impaired, or are classified as a troubled debt restructuring. Foreclosed assets acquired in settlement of loans are carried at fair value less estimated costs to sell and are included in foreclosed real estate owned on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, foreclosed real estate owned totaled $ 346,000 and $ 1,742,000 , respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, there were no additions to the foreclosed real estate category. The Co mpany disposed of a parcel of one property that was previously transferred to foreclosed real estate owned with a carrying value of $ 364,000 , and disposed of another property with a carrying value of $ 1,032,000 through the sale of the property. As of September 30, 2022, the Company has initiated formal foreclosure proceedings on four properties classified as consumer residential mortgages with an aggregate carrying value of $ 160,000 . The following table shows the amount of loans in each category that were individually and collectively evaluated for impairment at the dates indicated: Real Estate Loans Commercial Other Consumer Residential Commercial Agricultural Construction Loans Agricultural Loans Total September 30, 2022 (In thousands) Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 12 $ — $ — $ 12 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 571 2,284 2,336 — — 1,423 — 6,614 Collectively evaluated for impairment 294,554 642,323 67,020 26,637 184,717 34,310 176,680 1,426,241 Total Loans $ 295,125 $ 644,607 $ 69,356 $ 26,637 $ 184,729 $ 35,733 $ 176,680 $ 1,432,867 Real Estate Loans Commercial Other Consumer Residential Commercial Agricultural Construction Loans Agricultural Loans Total (In thousands) December 31, 2021 Individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ 1,658 $ — $ - $ 16 $ — $ - $ 1,674 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 784 3,285 1,918 - 198 2,119 - 8,304 Collectively evaluated for impairment 272,256 623,781 60,007 21,990 185,817 35,811 146,400 1,346,062 Total Loans $ 273,040 $ 628,724 $ 61,925 $ 21,990 $ 186,031 $ 37,930 $ 146,400 $ 1,356,040 The following table includes the recorded investment and unpaid principal balances for impaired loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable. Unpaid Recorded Principal Associated Investment Balance Allowance September 30, 2022 (in thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Commercial Loans $ 12 $ 12 — Subtotal $ 12 $ 12 $ — Total: Commercial Loans $ 12 $ 12 — Total Impaired Loans $ 12 $ 12 $ — Unpaid Recorded Principal Associated Investment Balance Allowance December 31, 2021 (in thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Real Estate Loans: Commercial $ 141 $ 141 $ — Commercial Loans 16 16 — Subtotal 157 157 — With an allowance recorded: Real Estate Loans Commercial 1,517 1,517 272 Subtotal 1,517 1,517 272 Total: Real Estate Loans: Commercial 1,658 1,658 272 Commercial Loans 16 16 — Total Impaired Loans $ 1,674 $ 1,674 $ 272 The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans and the related amount of interest income recognized during the three-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (in thousands): Average Recorded Interest Income Investment Recognized 2022 2021 2022 2021 Real Estate Loans: Commercial $ — $ 1,405 $ 18 $ 55 Agriculture — 858 — — Commercial Loans 13 19 — — Other agricultural loans — 125 — — Total $ 13 $ 2,407 $ 18 $ 55 The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans and the related amount of interest income recognized during the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively (in thousands): Average Recorded Interest Income Investment Recognized 2022 2021 2022 2021 Real Estate Loans: Commercial $ 825 $ 1,560 $ 55 $ 56 Agriculture — 858 — — Commercial Loans 14 19 3 — Other agricultural loans — 114 — — Total $ 839 $ 2,551 $ 58 $ 56 Troubled debt restructured loans are those loans whose terms have been renegotiated to provide a reduction or deferral of principal or interest as a result of financial difficulties experienced by the borrower, who could not obtain comparable terms from alternate financing sources. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had no troubled debt restructured loans to report. For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, there were no new loans identified as troubled debt restructurings. Management uses an eight point internal risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of the overall loan portfolio. The first four categories are considered not criticized, and are aggregated as “Pass” rated. The criticized rating categories utilized by management generally follow bank regulatory definitions. The Special Mention category includes assets that are currently protected but are potentially weak, resulting in an undue and unwarranted credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a Substandard classification. Loans in the Substandard category have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt, and have a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the weaknesses are not corrected. All loans greater than 90 days past due are considered Substandard. Any portion of a loan that has been charged off is placed in the Loss category. To help ensure that risk ratings are accurate and reflect the present and future capacity of borrowers to repay a loan as agreed, the Bank has a structured loan rating process with several layers of internal and external oversight. Generally, consumer and residential mortgage loans are included in the Pass categories unless a specific action, such as nonperformance, repossession, or death occurs to raise awareness of a possible credit event. The Company’s Loan Review Department is responsible for the timely and accurate risk rating of the loans on an ongoing basis. Every credit which must be approved by Loan Committee or the Board of Directors is assigned a risk rating at time of consideration. Loan Review also annually reviews relationships of $ 1,500,000 and over to assign or re-affirm risk ratings. Loans in the Substandard categories that are collectively evaluated for impairment are given separate consideration in the determination of the allowance. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate Pass and the criticized categories of Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful and Loss within the internal risk rating system as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands): Special Doubtful Pass Mention Substandard or Loss Total September 30, 2022 Commercial real estate loans $ 639,609 $ 1,284 $ 3,714 $ — $ 644,607 Real estate - agricultural 66,813 2,543 — — 69,356 Commercial loans 184,474 187 68 — 184,729 Other agricultural loans 34,433 708 592 — 35,733 Total $ 925,329 $ 4,722 $ 4,374 $ — $ 934,425 Special Doubtful Pass Mention Substandard or Loss Total December 31, 2021 Commercial real estate loans $ 618,541 $ 5,146 $ 4,765 $ 272 $ 628,724 Real estate - agricultural 60,193 — 1,732 — 61,925 Commercial loans 185,729 199 103 — 186,031 Other agricultural loans 35,573 210 2,147 — 37,930 Total $ 900,036 $ 5,555 $ 8,747 $ 272 $ 914,610 For residential real estate loans, construction loans and consumer loans, the Company evaluates credit quality based on the performance of the individual credits. The following table presents the recorded investment in the loan classes based on payment activity as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands): Performing Nonperforming Total September 30, 2022 Residential real estate loans $ 294,684 $ 441 $ 295,125 Construction 26,637 — 26,637 Consumer loans to individuals 176,515 165 176,680 Total $ 497,836 $ 606 $ 498,442 Performing Nonperforming Total December 31, 2021 Residential real estate loans $ 272,571 $ 469 $ 273,040 Construction 21,990 — 21,990 Consumer loans to individuals 146,345 55 146,400 Total $ 440,906 $ 524 $ 441,430 Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands): Current 31-60 Days Past Due 61-90 Days Past Due Greater than 90 Days Past Due and still accruing Nonaccrual Total Past Due and Non-Accrual Purchased Credit-Impaired Total Loans September 30, 2022 Real Estate loans Residential $ 293,400 $ 649 $ 64 $ - $ 441 $ 1,154 $ 571 $ 295,125 Commercial 641,958 365 - - - 365 2,284 644,607 Agricultural 67,020 - - - - - 2,336 69,356 Construction 26,611 - 26 - - 26 - 26,637 Commercial loans 184,716 1 - - 12 13 - 184,729 Other agricultural loans 34,310 - - - - 1,423 35,733 Consumer loans 175,722 663 130 - 165 958 - 176,680 Total $ 1,423,737 $ 1,678 $ 220 $ - $ 618 $ 2,516 $ 6,614 $ 1,432,867 Current 31-60 Days Past Due 61-90 Days Past Due Greater than 90 Days Past Due and still accruing Nonaccrual Total Past Due and Non-Accrual Purchased Credit-Impaired Total Loans December 31, 2021 Real Estate loans Residential $ 271,622 $ 155 $ 10 $ - $ 469 $ 634 - $ 784 $ 273,040 Commercial 625,336 - - - 103 103 - 3,285 628,724 Agricultural 59,982 25 - - 25 1,918 61,925 Construction 21,990 - - - - - - - 21,990 Commercial loans 185,801 3 13 91 16 32 - 198 186,031 Other agricultural loans 35,811 - - - - 2,119 37,930 Consumer loans 145,986 248 111 - 55 414 - - 146,400 Total $ 1,346,528 $ 431 $ 134 $ 91 $ 643 $ 1,208 - $ 8,304 $ 1,356,040 Management reviews the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis using a defined, consistently applied process in order to make appropriate and timely adjustments to the allowance for loan losses. When information confirms all or part of specific loans to be uncollectible, these amounts are promptly charged off against the allowance. As of September 30, 2022, the allocation of the allowance includes an allocation for loans secured by farmland and other agricultural loans. As of September 30 2022, the Company has also continued to incorporate qualitative factors related to the pandemic to capture some of the risk associated with higher-risk industries, although the factor has been reduced from the December 31, 2021 level. The qualitative factor related to the deferral of payments due to COVID-19 has been eliminated. At September 30, 2022, the allowance for loan losses includes $ 583,000 of COVID related factors, compared to $ 2.3 million at December 31, 2021. The 2022 allowance for loan losses excludes Paycheck Protection Program loans which are fully guaranteed by the Small Business Association as well as loans acquired from UpState which were recorded at fair value. The following table presents the allowance for loan losses by the classes of the loan portfolio: (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Agricultural Construction Commercial Other Agricultural Consumer Total Beginning balance, December 31, 2021 $ 2,175 $ 10,878 $ - $ 133 $ 1,490 $ - $ 1,766 $ 16,442 Charge Offs ( 120 ) ( 1 ) - - ( 16 ) - ( 249 ) ( 386 ) Recoveries 122 80 - - 36 - 37 275 Provision for loan losses 736 ( 2,354 ) 220 186 910 123 779 600 Ending balance, September 30, 2022 $ 2,913 $ 8,603 $ 220 $ 319 $ 2,420 $ 123 $ 2,333 $ 16,931 Ending balance individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ — $ - $ - $ — $ - $ - $ — Ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment $ 2,913 $ 8,603 $ 220 $ 319 $ 2,420 $ 123 $ 2,333 $ 16,931 (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Farmland Construction Commercial Other Agricultural Consumer Total Beginning balance, June 30, 2022 $ 2,740 $ 9,155 $ 218 $ 242 $ 2,504 $ 112 $ 2,046 $ 17,017 Charge Offs - ( 1 ) - - ( 1 ) - ( 115 ) ( 117 ) Recoveries 4 - - - 13 - 14 31 Provision for loan losses 169 ( 551 ) 2 77 ( 96 ) 11 388 — Ending balance, September 30, 2022 $ 2,913 $ 8,603 $ 220 $ 319 $ 2,420 $ 123 $ 2,333 $ 16,931 (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Agricultural Construction Commercial Other Agricultural Consumer Total Beginning balance, December 31, 2020 $ 1,960 $ 8,004 $ - $ 150 $ 1,360 $ - $ 1,676 $ 13,150 Charge Offs ( 5 ) ( 452 ) - - ( 174 ) - ( 368 ) ( 999 ) Recoveries 64 15 - - 33 - 90 202 Provision for loan losses 424 2,324 - 13 386 - 603 3,750 Ending balance, September 30, 2021 $ 2,443 $ 9,891 $ — $ 163 $ 1,605 $ — $ 2,001 $ 16,103 Ending balance individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ 275 $ - $ - $ — $ - $ — $ 275 Ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment $ 2,443 $ 9,616 $ — $ 163 $ 1,605 $ — $ 2,001 $ 15,828 (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Farmland Construction Commercial Other Agricultural Consumer Total Beginning balance, June 30, 2021 $ 2,233 $ 9,580 $ - $ 137 $ 1,503 $ - $ 1,887 $ 15,340 Charge Offs — ( 13 ) - — — - ( 107 ) ( 120 ) Recoveries 59 5 - — 9 - 60 133 Provision for loan losses 151 319 - 26 93 - 161 750 Ending balance, September 30, 2021 $ 2,443 $ 9,891 $ — $ 163 $ 1,605 $ — $ 2,001 $ 16,103 The Company’s primary business activity as of September 30, 2022 was with customers located in northeastern Pennsylvania and the New York counties of Delaware, Sullivan, Ontario, Otsego and Yates. Accordingly, the Company has extended credit primarily to commercial entities and individuals in this area whose ability to repay their loans is influenced by the region’s economy. As of September 30, 2022, the Company considered its concentration of credit risk to be acceptable. The highest concentrations are in commercial rentals with $ 152.4 million of loans outstanding, or 10.6 % of total loans outstanding, and residential rentals with loans outstanding of $ 121.4 million, or 8.5 % of loans outstanding. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company did not recognize any charge offs on loans in the named concentrations. |