Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses | 8. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses Set forth below is selected data relating to the composition of the loan portfolio at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands): September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 Real Estate Loans: Residential $ 316,139 19.6 % $ 298,813 20.3 % Commercial 688,485 42.7 651,544 44.2 Agricultural 66,767 4.2 68,915 4.7 Construction 41,305 2.6 32,469 2.2 Commercial loans 205,014 12.7 187,257 12.7 Other agricultural loans 32,740 2.0 35,277 2.4 Consumer loans to individuals 260,828 16.2 200,149 13.5 Total loans 1,611,278 100.0 % 1,474,424 100.0 % Deferred fees, net ( 209 ) ( 479 ) Total loans receivable 1,611,069 1,473,945 Allowance for credit losses ( 16,086 ) ( 16,999 ) Net loans receivable $ 1,594,983 $ 1,456,946 Foreclosed assets acquired in settlement of loans are carried at fair value less estimated costs to sell and are included in foreclosed real estate owned on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, foreclosed real estate owned totaled $ 290,000 and $ 346,000 , respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, there was one addition to the foreclosed real estate category, with a carrying value of $ 290,000 , and three sales of properties with a carrying value of $ 292,000 . Additionally, the company recognized a write-down on one property in the amount of $ 54,000 based on the realizable value of the property. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has initiated formal foreclosure proceedings on three properties classified as consumer residential mortgages with an aggregate carrying value of $ 203,000 . The following table shows the amount of loans in each category that were individually and collectively evaluated for credit loss: Real Estate Loans Commercial Other Consumer Residential Commercial Agricultural Construction Loans Agricultural Loans Total September 30, 2023 (In thousands) Individually evaluated $ 575 $ 2,222 $ — $ — $ 7,071 $ — $ 668 $ 10,536 Collectively evaluated 315,564 686,263 66,767 41,305 197,943 32,740 260,160 1,600,742 Total Loans $ 316,139 $ 688,485 $ 66,767 $ 41,305 $ 205,014 $ 32,740 $ 260,828 $ 1,611,278 The following table shows the amount of loans in each category that were individually and collectively evaluated for impairment at the dates indicated: Real Estate Loans Commercial Other Consumer Residential Commercial Agricultural Construction Loans Agricultural Loans Total (In thousands) December 31, 2022 Individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ 402 $ — $ - $ 61 $ — $ - $ 463 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality 567 2,049 2,034 - 1,640 — - 6,290 Collectively evaluated for impairment 298,246 649,093 66,881 32,469 185,556 35,277 200,149 1,467,671 Total Loans $ 298,813 $ 651,544 $ 68,915 $ 32,469 $ 187,257 $ 35,277 $ 200,149 $ 1,474,424 The following table includes the recorded investment and unpaid principal balances for impaired loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable. Unpaid Recorded Principal Associated Investment Balance Allowance December 31, 2022 (in thousands) With no related allowance recorded: Real Estate Loans: Commercial $ 402 $ 402 $ — Commercial Loans 11 11 — Subtotal 413 413 — With an allowance recorded: Commercial Loans 50 50 50 Subtotal 50 50 50 Total: Real Estate Loans: Commercial 402 402 — Commercial Loans 61 61 50 Total Impaired Loans $ 463 $ 463 $ 50 The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans and the related amount of interest income recognized during the three-month period ended September 30, 2022 (in thousands): Average Recorded Interest Income Investment Recognized 2022 2022 Real Estate Loans: Commercial $ — $ 18 Commercial Loans 13 — Total $ 13 $ 18 The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans and the related amount of interest income recognized during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022 (in thousands): Average Recorded Interest Income Investment Recognized 2022 2022 Real Estate Loans: Commercial $ 825 $ 55 Commercial Loans 14 3 Total $ 839 $ 58 Management uses an eight point internal risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of the overall loan portfolio. The first four categories are considered not criticized, and are aggregated as “Pass” rated. The criticized rating categories utilized by management generally follow bank regulatory definitions. The Special Mention category includes assets that are currently protected but are potentially weak, resulting in an undue and unwarranted credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a Substandard classification. Loans in the Substandard category have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt, and have a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the weaknesses are not corrected. All loans greater than 90 days past due are considered Substandard. Any portion of a loan that has been charged off is placed in the Loss category. To help ensure that risk ratings are accurate and reflect the present and future capacity of borrowers to repay a loan as agreed, the Bank has a structured loan rating process with several layers of internal and external oversight. Generally, consumer and residential mortgage loans are included in the Pass categories unless a specific action, such as nonperformance, repossession, or death occurs to raise awareness of a possible credit event. The Company’s Loan Review Department is responsible for the timely and accurate risk rating of the loans on an ongoing basis. Every credit which must be approved by Loan Committee or the Board of Directors is assigned a risk rating at time of consideration. Loan Review, in conjunction with a third-party consultant, also annually reviews all criticized credits and relationships of $ 1,500,000 and over to re-affirm risk ratings. Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in thousands): Current 31-60 Days Past Due 61-90 Days Past Due Greater than 90 Days Past Due and still accruing Non-accrual Total Past Due and Non-Accrual Total Loans September 30, 2023 Real Estate loans Residential $ 314,588 $ 957 $ 19 $ - $ 575 $ 1,551 $ 316,139 Commercial 685,293 970 - - 2,222 3,192 688,485 Agricultural 66,767 - - - - - 66,767 Construction 41,285 20 - - - 20 41,305 Commercial loans 197,498 445 - - 7,071 7,516 205,014 Other agricultural loans 32,740 - - - - 32,740 Consumer loans 259,489 516 155 - 668 1,339 260,828 Total $ 1,597,660 $ 2,908 $ 174 $ - $ 10,536 $ 13,618 $ 1,611,278 Current 31-60 Days Past Due 61-90 Days Past Due Greater than 90 Days Past Due and still accruing Non-accrual Total Past Due and Non-Accrual Purchased Credit Impaired Loans Total Loans December 31, 2022 Real Estate loans Residential $ 297,350 $ 187 $ 223 $ - $ 486 $ 896 $ 567 $ 298,813 Commercial 648,688 405 - - 402 807 2,049 651,544 Agricultural 66,751 130 - - 130 2,034 68,915 Construction 32,469 - - - - - - 32,469 Commercial loans 185,485 71 - - 61 132 1,640 187,257 Other agricultural loans 35,277 - - - - - 35,277 Consumer loans 198,893 853 239 - 164 1,256 - 200,149 Total $ 1,464,913 $ 1,646 $ 462 $ - $ 1,113 $ 3,221 $ 6,290 $ 1,474,424 Management reviews the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis using a defined, consistently applied process in order to make appropriate and timely adjustments to the allowance for credit losses. When information confirms all or part of specific loans to be uncollectible, these amounts are promptly charged off against the allowance. The following table presents the allowance for credit losses by the classes of the loan portfolio: (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Agricultural Construction Commercial Other Agricultural Consumer Total Beginning balance, December 31, 2022 $ 2,833 $ 8,293 $ 259 $ 409 $ 2,445 $ 124 $ 2,636 $ 16,999 Impact of adopting ASC 326 ( 1,545 ) 5,527 ( 200 ) 388 ( 1,156 ) 3 ( 551 ) 2,466 Charge Offs ( 6 ) ( 154 ) - - ( 2,147 ) - ( 692 ) ( 2,999 ) Recoveries 6 12 - - 20 - 64 102 (Release of) Provision for credit losses 45 ( 3,689 ) ( 26 ) 45 1,848 ( 44 ) 1,339 ( 482 ) Ending balance, September 30, 2023 $ 1,333 $ 9,989 $ 33 $ 842 $ 1,010 $ 83 $ 2,796 $ 16,086 Ending balance individually evaluated $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Ending balance collectively evaluated $ 1,333 $ 9,989 $ 33 $ 842 $ 1,010 $ 83 $ 2,796 $ 16,086 (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Agricultural Construction Commercial Other Agricultural Consumer Total Beginning balance, December 31, 2021 $ 2,175 $ 10,878 $ - $ 133 $ 1,490 $ - $ 1,766 $ 16,442 Charge Offs ( 120 ) ( 1 ) - - ( 16 ) - ( 249 ) ( 386 ) Recoveries 122 80 - - 36 - 37 275 Provision for loan losses 736 ( 2,354 ) 220 186 910 123 779 600 Ending balance, September 30, 2022 $ 2,913 $ 8,603 $ 220 $ 319 $ 2,420 $ 123 $ 2,333 $ 16,931 Ending balance individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment $ 2,913 $ 8,603 $ 220 $ 319 $ 2,420 $ 123 $ 2,333 $ 16,931 (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Farmland Construction Commercial Other Agricultural Consumer Total Beginning balance, June 30, 2023 $ 1,264 $ 11,253 $ 55 $ 819 $ 1,281 $ 86 $ 2,725 $ 17,483 Charge Offs - - - - ( 2,000 ) - ( 384 ) ( 2,384 ) Recoveries - 3 - - 14 - 18 35 (Release of) Provision for credit losses 69 ( 1,267 ) ( 22 ) 23 1,715 ( 3 ) 437 952 Ending balance, September 30, 2023 $ 1,333 $ 9,989 $ 33 $ 842 $ 1,010 $ 83 $ 2,796 $ 16,086 (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Farmland Construction Commercial Other Agricultural Consumer Total Beginning balance, June 30, 2022 $ 2,740 $ 9,155 $ 218 $ 242 $ 2,504 $ 112 $ 2,046 $ 17,017 Charge Offs - ( 1 ) - - ( 1 ) - ( 115 ) ( 117 ) Recoveries 4 - - - 13 - 14 31 Provision for loan losses 169 ( 551 ) 2 77 ( 96 ) 11 388 - Ending balance, September 30, 2022 $ 2,913 $ 8,603 $ 220 $ 319 $ 2,420 $ 123 $ 2,333 $ 16,931 During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded a release of provision for credit losses totaling $ 482,000 despite total charge-offs of $ 2,999,000 . Factors impacting the release include a $ 2,466,000 increase in the allowance for credit losses due to the adoption of ASC 326, and changes in the cumulative loss rates applied to the respective loan pools due to loss activity being added or subtracted with the passage of time. Variances in Qualitative Factors and Economic Factors also impacted the allowance for credit losses. The cumulative loss rate used as the basis for the estimate of credit losses is comprised of the Company’s historical loss experience. The Company chose to apply qualitative factors based on “quantitative metrics” which link the quantifiable metrics to historical changes in the qualitative factor categories. The Company also chose to apply economic projections to the model. A select group of economic indicators was utilized which was then correlated to the historical loss experience of the Company and its peers. Based on the correlation results, the economic adjustments are then weighted for relevancy and applied to the individual loan pools. The following table presents the carrying value of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due over 90 days still accruing interest (in thousands): Nonaccrual Nonaccrual Loans Past Due with no with Total Over 90 Days Total ACL ACL Nonaccrual Still Accruing Nonperforming September 30, 2023 Real Estate loans Residential $ 575 $ - $ 575 $ - $ 575 Commercial 2,222 - 2,222 - 2,222 Agricultural - - - - - Construction - - - - - Commercial loans 7,071 - 7,071 - 7,071 Other agricultural loans - - - - - Consumer loans 668 - 668 - 668 Total $ 10,536 $ - $ 10,536 $ - $ 10,536 Based on the most recent analysis performed, the following table presents the recorded investment in non-homogenous pools by internal risk rating systems (in thousands): Revolving Revolving Term Loans Amortized Costs Basis by Origination Year Loans Loans Amortized Converted September 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Commercial real estate Risk Rating Pass $ 63,900 $ 130,901 $ 115,171 $ 77,750 $ 73,789 $ 197,656 $ 16,115 $ - $ 675,282 Special Mention 1,000 414 243 1,341 - 6,184 - - 9,182 Substandard - 284 - 1,453 - 2,284 - - 4,021 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 64,900 $ 131,599 $ 115,414 $ 80,544 $ 73,789 $ 206,124 $ 16,115 $ - $ 688,485 Commercial real estate Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 112 $ 42 $ - $ - $ 154 Real Estate - Agriculture Risk Rating Pass $ 2,218 $ 12,581 $ 5,506 $ 8,839 $ 8,361 $ 26,291 $ 741 $ - $ 64,537 Special Mention - - - - - 493 - - 493 Substandard - 507 - 1,041 - 189 - - 1,737 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 2,218 $ 13,088 $ 5,506 $ 9,880 $ 8,361 $ 26,973 $ 741 $ - $ 66,767 Real Estate - Agriculture Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Commercial loans Risk Rating Pass $ 53,035 $ 45,809 $ 25,867 $ 11,173 $ 11,646 $ 17,491 $ 28,742 $ - $ 193,763 Special Mention 577 1,471 281 159 35 197 1,114 - 3,834 Substandard - - 405 3,463 - 49 3,500 - 7,417 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 53,612 $ 47,280 $ 26,553 $ 14,795 $ 11,681 $ 17,737 $ 33,356 $ - $ 205,014 Commercial loans Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ 32 $ 24 $ 2,050 $ - $ 41 $ - $ - $ 2,147 Other agricultural loans Risk Rating Pass $ 2,071 $ 5,510 $ 3,424 $ 3,023 $ 2,777 $ 4,532 $ 10,848 $ - $ 32,185 Special Mention - - 3 185 93 - 155 - 436 Substandard - - - - 119 - - - 119 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 2,071 $ 5,510 $ 3,427 $ 3,208 $ 2,989 $ 4,532 $ 11,003 $ - $ 32,740 Other agricultural loans Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Total Risk Rating Pass $ 121,224 $ 194,801 $ 149,968 $ 100,785 $ 96,573 $ 245,970 $ 56,446 $ - $ 965,767 Special Mention 1,577 1,885 527 1,685 128 6,874 1,269 - 13,945 Substandard - 791 405 5,957 119 2,522 3,500 - 13,294 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 122,801 $ 197,477 $ 150,900 $ 108,427 $ 96,820 $ 255,366 $ 61,215 $ - $ 993,006 The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate Pass and the criticized categories of Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful and Loss within the internal risk rating system as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands): Special Doubtful Pass Mention Substandard or Loss Total December 31, 2022 Commercial real estate loans $ 646,775 $ 1,079 $ 3,690 $ — $ 651,544 Real estate - agricultural 66,444 368 2,103 — 68,915 Commercial loans 186,966 184 107 — 187,257 Other agricultural loans 34,071 556 650 — 35,277 Total $ 934,256 $ 2,187 $ 6,550 $ — $ 942,993 The Company monitors the credit risk profile by payment activity for residential and consumer loan classes. Loans past due over 90 days and loans on nonaccrual status are considered nonperforming. Nonperforming loans are reviewed monthly. The following table presents the carrying value of residential and consumer loans based on payment activity (in thousands): Revolving Revolving Term Loans Amortized Costs Basis by Origination Year Loans Loans Amortized Converted September 30, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Residential real estate Payment Performance Performing $ 21,935 $ 60,944 $ 58,600 $ 36,483 $ 16,836 $ 91,136 $ 29,630 $ - $ 315,564 Nonperforming - - - - 57 450 68 - 575 Total $ 21,935 $ 60,944 $ 58,600 $ 36,483 $ 16,893 $ 91,586 $ 29,698 $ - $ 316,139 Residential real estate Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 6 $ - $ - $ 6 Construction Payment Performance Performing $ 11,877 $ 18,649 $ 6,221 $ 1,612 $ 1,870 $ 769 $ 307 $ - $ 41,305 Nonperforming - - - - - - - - - Total $ 11,877 $ 18,649 $ 6,221 $ 1,612 $ 1,870 $ 769 $ 307 $ - $ 41,305 Construction Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Consumer loans to individuals Payment Performance Performing $ 109,441 $ 83,098 $ 27,191 $ 16,110 $ 11,980 $ 11,127 $ 1,213 $ - $ 260,160 Nonperforming 28 499 67 31 43 - - - 668 Total $ 109,469 $ 83,597 $ 27,258 $ 16,141 $ 12,023 $ 11,127 $ 1,213 $ - $ 260,828 Consumer loans to individuals Current period gross charge-offs $ 7 $ 462 $ 132 $ 29 $ 37 $ 11 $ 14 $ - $ 692 Total Payment Performance Performing $ 143,253 $ 162,691 $ 92,012 $ 54,205 $ 30,686 $ 103,032 $ 31,150 $ - $ 617,029 Nonperforming 28 499 67 31 100 450 68 - 1,243 Total $ 143,281 $ 163,190 $ 92,079 $ 54,236 $ 30,786 $ 103,482 $ 31,218 $ - $ 618,272 For residential real estate loans, construction loans and consumer loans, the Company evaluates credit quality based on the performance of the individual credits. The following table presents the recorded investment in the loan classes based on payment activity as of December 31, 2022 (in thousands): Performing Nonperforming Total December 31, 2022 Residential real estate loans $ 298,327 $ 486 $ 298,813 Construction 32,469 — 32,469 Consumer loans to individuals 199,985 164 200,149 Total $ 530,781 $ 650 $ 531,431 Occasionally, the Bank modifies loans to borrowers in financial distress by providing principal forgiveness, term extension, an other-than-insignificant payment delay or interest rate reduction. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of forgiveness is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses. In some cases, the Bank provides multiple types of concessions on one loan. Typically, one type of concession, such as a term extension, is granted initially. If the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another concession, such as principal forgiveness, may be granted. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, there were no modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The Company’s primary business activity as of September 30 2023 was with customers located in northeastern Pennsylvania and the New York counties of Delaware, Sullivan, Ontario, Otsego and Yates. Accordingly, the Company has extended credit primarily to commercial entities and individuals in this area whose ability to repay their loans is influenced by the region’s economy. As of September 30, 2023, the Company considered its concentration of credit risk to be acceptable. The highest concentrations are in commercial rentals with $ 146.4 million of loans outstanding, or 9.1 % of total loans outstanding, and residential rentals with loans outstanding of $ 121.9 million, or 7.6 % of loans outstanding. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized charge offs of $ 6,000 on commercial rentals and $ 44,000 on residential rentals. |