Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses | 8. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses Set forth below is selected data relating to the composition of the loan portfolio at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands): March 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Real Estate Loans: Residential $ 313,531 19.3 % $ 316,546 19.7 % Commercial 691,755 42.7 675,156 42.1 Agricultural 62,309 3.9 63,859 4.0 Construction 47,409 2.9 51,453 3.2 Commercial loans 204,006 12.6 200,576 12.5 Other agricultural loans 31,439 1.9 31,966 2.0 Consumer loans to individuals 271,231 16.7 264,321 16.5 Total loans 1,621,680 100.0 % 1,603,877 100.0 % Deferred fees, net ( 232 ) ( 259 ) Total loans receivable 1,621,448 1,603,618 Allowance for credit losses ( 18,020 ) ( 18,968 ) Net loans receivable $ 1,603,428 $ 1,584,650 Foreclosed assets acquired in settlement of loans are carried at fair value less estimated costs to sell and are included in foreclosed real estate owned on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, foreclosed real estate owned totaled $ 97,000 and $ 97,000 , respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, there were no additions to the foreclosed real estate category. As of March 31, 2024, the Company has initiated formal foreclosure proceedings on 6 properties classified as consumer residential mortgages with an aggregate carrying value of $ 285,000 . The following table shows the amount of loans in each category that were individually and collectively evaluated for credit loss: Real Estate Loans Commercial Other Consumer Residential Commercial Agricultural Construction Loans Agricultural Loans Total March 31, 2024 (In thousands) Individually evaluated $ 487 $ 2,200 $ — $ — $ 111 $ 185 $ 752 $ 3,735 Collectively evaluated 313,044 689,555 62,309 47,409 203,895 31,254 270,479 1,617,945 Total Loans $ 313,531 $ 691,755 $ 62,309 $ 47,409 $ 204,006 $ 31,439 $ 271,231 $ 1,621,680 The following table shows the amount of loans in each category that were individually and collectively evaluated for impairment at the dates indicated: Real Estate Loans Commercial Other Consumer Residential Commercial Agricultural Construction Loans Agricultural Loans Total (In thousands) December 31, 2023 Individually evaluated $ 432 $ 2,211 $ — $ — $ 4,264 $ — $ 715 $ 7,622 Collectively evaluated 316,114 672,945 63,859 51,453 196,312 31,966 263,606 1,596,255 Total Loans $ 316,546 $ 675,156 $ 63,859 $ 51,453 $ 200,576 $ 31,966 $ 264,321 $ 1,603,877 Management uses an eight point internal risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of the overall loan portfolio. The first four categories are considered not criticized, and are aggregated as “Pass” rated. The criticized rating categories utilized by management generally follow bank regulatory definitions. The Special Mention category includes assets that are currently protected but are potentially weak, resulting in an undue and unwarranted credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a Substandard classification. Loans in the Substandard category have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt, and have a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the weaknesses are not corrected. All loans greater than 90 days past due are considered Substandard. Any portion of a loan that has been charged off is placed in the Loss category. To help ensure that risk ratings are accurate and reflect the present and future capacity of borrowers to repay a loan as agreed, the Bank has a structured loan rating process with several layers of internal and external oversight. Generally, consumer and residential mortgage loans are included in the Pass categories unless a specific action, such as nonperformance, repossession, or death occurs to raise awareness of a possible credit event. The Company’s Loan Review Department is responsible for the timely and accurate risk rating of the loans on an ongoing basis. Every credit which must be approved by Loan Committee or the Board of Directors is assigned a risk rating at time of consideration. Loan Review, in conjunction with a third-party consultant, also annually reviews all criticized credits and relationships of $ 1,500,000 and over to re-affirm risk ratings. Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and nonaccrual loans as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands): Current 31-60 Days Past Due 61-90 Days Past Due Greater than 90 Days Past Due and still accruing Non-accrual Total Past Due and Non-Accrual Total Loans March 31, 2024 Real Estate loans Residential $ 312,201 $ 511 $ 332 $ - $ 487 $ 1,330 $ 313,531 Commercial 685,572 3,983 - - 2,200 6,183 691,755 Agricultural 62,309 - - - - - 62,309 Construction 47,392 - 17 - - 17 47,409 Commercial loans 202,679 1,194 22 - 111 1,327 204,006 Other agricultural loans 31,254 - - 185 185 31,439 Consumer loans 269,579 589 311 8 744 1,652 271,231 Total $ 1,610,986 $ 6,277 $ 682 $ 8 $ 3,727 $ 10,694 $ 1,621,680 Current 31-60 Days Past Due 61-90 Days Past Due Greater than 90 Days Past Due and still accruing Non-accrual Total Past Due and Non-Accrual Total Loans December 31, 2023 Real Estate loans Residential $ 315,224 $ 877 $ 13 $ - $ 432 $ 1,322 $ 316,546 Commercial 666,768 6,177 - - 2,211 8,388 675,156 Agricultural 63,732 127 - - 127 63,859 Construction 51,435 - 18 - - 18 51,453 Commercial loans 192,988 3,170 154 - 4,264 7,588 200,576 Other agricultural loans 31,959 7 - - 7 31,966 Consumer loans 262,578 865 163 - 715 1,743 264,321 Total $ 1,584,684 $ 11,223 $ 348 $ - $ 7,622 $ 19,193 $ 1,603,877 Management reviews the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis using a defined, consistently applied process in order to make appropriate and timely adjustments to the allowance for credit losses. When information confirms all or part of specific loans to be uncollectible, these amounts are promptly charged off against the allowance. The following table presents the allowance for credit losses by the classes of the loan portfolio: (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Agricultural Construction Commercial Other Agricultural Consumer Total Beginning balance, December 31, 2023 $ 1,351 $ 11,871 $ 58 $ 933 $ 1,207 $ 94 $ 3,454 $ 18,968 Charge Offs — - - - ( 55 ) - ( 439 ) ( 494 ) Recoveries 42 102 - - — - 27 171 (Release of) Provision for credit losses ( 196 ) ( 2,142 ) 26 ( 102 ) 835 74 880 ( 625 ) Ending balance, March 31, 2024 $ 1,197 $ 9,831 $ 84 $ 831 $ 1,987 $ 168 $ 3,922 $ 18,020 Ending balance individually evaluated $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 69 $ 69 Ending balance collectively evaluated $ 1,197 $ 9,831 $ 84 $ 831 $ 1,987 $ 168 $ 3,853 $ 17,951 (In thousands) Residential Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Agricultural Construction Commercial Other Agricultural Consumer Total Beginning balance, December 31, 2022 $ 2,833 $ 8,293 $ 259 $ 409 $ 2,445 $ 124 $ 2,636 $ 16,999 Impact of adopting ASC 326 ( 1,545 ) 5,527 ( 200 ) 388 ( 1,156 ) 3 ( 551 ) 2,466 Charge Offs — ( 112 ) - - ( 50 ) - ( 202 ) ( 364 ) Recoveries 6 6 - - 6 - 26 44 Provision for credit losses 65 11 62 ( 94 ) ( 87 ) ( 45 ) 388 300 Ending balance, March 31, 2023 $ 1,359 $ 13,725 $ 121 $ 703 $ 1,158 $ 82 $ 2,297 $ 19,445 Ending balance individually evaluated for impairment $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 1 $ - $ - $ 1 Ending balance collectively evaluated for impairment $ 1,359 $ 13,725 $ 121 $ 703 $ 1,157 $ 82 $ 2,297 $ 19,444 During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recorded a release of provision for credit losses totaling $ 625,000 . Factors impacting the release include changes in the cumulative loss rates applied to the respective loan pools due to loss activity being added or subtracted with the passage of time, and variances in Qualitative Factors and Economic Factors. The cumulative loss rate used as the basis for the estimate of credit losses is comprised of the Company’s historical loss experience. The Company chose to apply qualitative factors based on “quantitative metrics” which link the quantifiable metrics to historical changes in the qualitative factor categories. The Company also chose to apply economic projections to the model. A select group of economic indicators was utilized which was then correlated to the historical loss experience of the Company and its peers. Based on the correlation results, the economic adjustments are then weighted for relevancy and applied to the individual loan pools. The following table presents the carrying value of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due over 90 days still accruing interest (in thousands): Nonaccrual Nonaccrual Loans Past Due with no with Total Over 90 Days Total ACL ACL Nonaccrual Still Accruing Nonperforming March 31, 2024 Real Estate loans Residential $ 487 $ - $ 487 $ - $ 487 Commercial 2,200 - 2,200 - 2,200 Agricultural - - - - - Construction - - - - - Commercial loans 111 - 111 - 111 Other agricultural loans 185 - 185 - 185 Consumer loans 675 69 744 8 752 Total $ 3,658 $ 69 $ 3,727 $ 8 $ 3,735 Nonaccrual Nonaccrual Loans Past Due with no with Total Over 90 Days Total ACL ACL Nonaccrual Still Accruing Nonperforming December 31, 2023 Real Estate loans Residential $ 432 $ - $ 432 $ - $ 432 Commercial 2,211 - 2,211 - 2,211 Agricultural - - - - - Construction - - - - - Commercial loans 4,264 - 4,264 - 4,264 Other agricultural loans - - - - - Consumer loans 162 553 715 - 715 Total $ 7,069 $ 553 $ 7,622 $ - $ 7,622 Based on the most recent analysis performed, the following table presents the recorded investment in non-homogenous pools by internal risk rating systems (in thousands): Revolving Revolving Term Loans Amortized Costs Basis by Origination Year Loans Loans Amortized Converted March 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Commercial real estate Risk Rating Pass $ 11,173 $ 80,240 $ 130,611 $ 114,116 $ 66,212 $ 253,363 $ 13,664 $ - $ 669,379 Special Mention - 1,300 624 76 1,321 6,134 2,722 - 12,177 Substandard - - 2,944 3,141 1,435 2,679 - - 10,199 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 11,173 $ 81,540 $ 134,179 $ 117,333 $ 68,968 $ 262,176 $ 16,386 $ - $ 691,755 Commercial real estate Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Real Estate - Agriculture Risk Rating Pass $ 1,154 $ 2,628 $ 12,369 $ 5,391 $ 7,502 $ 31,805 $ 515 $ - $ 61,364 Special Mention - - - - - 795 150 - 945 Substandard - - - - - - - - - Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 1,154 $ 2,628 $ 12,369 $ 5,391 $ 7,502 $ 32,600 $ 665 $ - $ 62,309 Real Estate - Agriculture Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Commercial loans Risk Rating Pass $ 16,042 $ 42,669 $ 37,276 $ 23,691 $ 12,591 $ 23,602 $ 39,648 $ - $ 195,519 Special Mention - 529 1,352 222 110 139 544 - 2,896 Substandard - - 2,970 610 47 49 1,915 - 5,591 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 16,042 $ 43,198 $ 41,598 $ 24,523 $ 12,748 $ 23,790 $ 42,107 $ - $ 204,006 Commercial loans Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 4 $ 51 $ - $ - $ 55 Other agricultural loans Risk Rating Pass $ 561 $ 2,592 $ 4,817 $ 3,075 $ 2,778 $ 5,445 $ 11,752 $ - $ 31,020 Special Mention - - - 1 - 153 80 - 234 Substandard - - - - 185 - - - 185 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 561 $ 2,592 $ 4,817 $ 3,076 $ 2,963 $ 5,598 $ 11,832 $ - $ 31,439 Other agricultural loans Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Total Risk Rating Pass $ 28,930 $ 128,129 $ 185,073 $ 146,273 $ 89,083 $ 314,215 $ 65,579 $ - $ 957,282 Special Mention - 1,829 1,976 299 1,431 7,221 3,496 - 16,252 Substandard - - 5,914 3,751 1,667 2,728 1,915 - 15,975 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 28,930 $ 129,958 $ 192,963 $ 150,323 $ 92,181 $ 324,164 $ 70,990 $ - $ 989,509 Revolving Revolving Term Loans Amortized Costs Basis by Origination Year Loans Loans Amortized Converted December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Commercial real estate Risk Rating Pass $ 78,496 $ 131,948 $ 112,102 $ 65,949 $ 72,480 $ 186,116 $ 13,332 $ - $ 660,423 Special Mention 1,300 411 243 1,331 - 6,157 1,579 - 11,021 Substandard - - - 1,444 36 2,232 - - 3,712 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 79,796 $ 132,359 $ 112,345 $ 68,724 $ 72,516 $ 194,505 $ 14,911 $ - $ 675,156 Commercial real estate Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 112 $ 42 $ - $ - $ 154 Real Estate - Agriculture Risk Rating Pass $ 2,635 $ 12,509 $ 5,433 $ 7,606 $ 7,746 $ 24,654 $ 522 $ - $ 61,105 Special Mention - - - - 399 490 150 - 1,039 Substandard - 508 - 1,018 - 189 - - 1,715 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 2,635 $ 13,017 $ 5,433 $ 8,624 $ 8,145 $ 25,333 $ 672 $ - $ 63,859 Real Estate - Agriculture Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Commercial loans Risk Rating Pass $ 48,571 $ 41,863 $ 24,443 $ 13,752 $ 9,914 $ 15,384 $ 38,644 $ - $ 192,571 Special Mention 553 1,412 257 134 20 188 768 - 3,332 Substandard - 126 342 656 - 49 3,500 - 4,673 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 49,124 $ 43,401 $ 25,042 $ 14,542 $ 9,934 $ 15,621 $ 42,912 $ - $ 200,576 Commercial loans Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ 32 $ 24 $ 4,856 $ - $ 41 $ - $ - $ 4,953 Other agricultural loans Risk Rating Pass $ 2,670 $ 5,286 $ 3,251 $ 2,912 $ 2,373 $ 3,836 $ 11,091 $ - $ 31,419 Special Mention - - 2 185 86 - 155 - 428 Substandard - - - - 119 - - - 119 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 2,670 $ 5,286 $ 3,253 $ 3,097 $ 2,578 $ 3,836 $ 11,246 $ - $ 31,966 Other agricultural loans Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Total Risk Rating Pass $ 132,372 $ 191,606 $ 145,229 $ 90,219 $ 92,513 $ 229,990 $ 63,589 $ - $ 945,518 Special Mention 1,853 1,823 502 1,650 505 6,835 2,652 - 15,820 Substandard - 634 342 3,118 155 2,470 3,500 - 10,219 Doubtful - - - - - - - - - Total $ 134,225 $ 194,063 $ 146,073 $ 94,987 $ 93,173 $ 239,295 $ 69,741 $ - $ 971,557 The Company monitors the credit risk profile by payment activity for residential and consumer loan classes. Loans past due over 90 days and loans on nonaccrual status are considered nonperforming. Nonperforming loans are reviewed monthly. The following table presents the carrying value of residential and consumer loans based on payment activity (in thousands): Revolving Revolving Term Loans Amortized Costs Basis by Origination Year Loans Loans Amortized Converted March 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Residential real estate Payment Performance Performing $ 1,177 $ 28,172 $ 62,759 $ 56,633 $ 34,427 $ 100,804 $ 29,072 $ - $ 313,044 Nonperforming - - - - - 468 19 - 487 Total $ 1,177 $ 28,172 $ 62,759 $ 56,633 $ 34,427 $ 101,272 $ 29,091 $ - $ 313,531 Residential real estate Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Construction Payment Performance Performing $ 4,881 $ 27,558 $ 11,894 $ 474 $ - $ 292 $ 2,310 $ - $ 47,409 Nonperforming - - - - - - - - - Total $ 4,881 $ 27,558 $ 11,894 $ 474 $ - $ 292 $ 2,310 $ - $ 47,409 Construction Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Consumer loans to individuals Payment Performance Performing $ 27,817 $ 119,375 $ 70,081 $ 22,256 $ 12,685 $ 17,370 $ 895 $ - $ 270,479 Nonperforming - 129 400 154 21 48 - - 752 Total $ 27,817 $ 119,504 $ 70,481 $ 22,410 $ 12,706 $ 17,418 $ 895 $ - $ 271,231 Consumer loans to individuals Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ 67 $ 277 $ 72 $ 23 $ - $ - $ - $ 439 Total Payment Performance Performing $ 33,875 $ 175,105 $ 144,734 $ 79,363 $ 47,112 $ 118,466 $ 32,277 $ - $ 630,932 Nonperforming - 129 400 154 21 516 19 - 1,239 Total $ 33,875 $ 175,234 $ 145,134 $ 79,517 $ 47,133 $ 118,982 $ 32,296 $ - $ 632,171 Revolving Revolving Term Loans Amortized Costs Basis by Origination Year Loans Loans Amortized Converted December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Cost Basis to Term Total Residential real estate Payment Performance Performing $ 27,446 $ 62,178 $ 57,691 $ 35,357 $ 16,406 $ 87,951 $ 29,085 $ - $ 316,114 Nonperforming - - - - 58 324 50 - 432 Total $ 27,446 $ 62,178 $ 57,691 $ 35,357 $ 16,464 $ 88,275 $ 29,135 $ - $ 316,546 Residential real estate Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 34 $ - $ - $ 34 Construction Payment Performance Performing $ 23,500 $ 14,906 $ 6,791 $ 1,599 $ 1,829 $ 624 $ 2,204 $ - $ 51,453 Nonperforming - - - - - - - - - Total $ 23,500 $ 14,906 $ 6,791 $ 1,599 $ 1,829 $ 624 $ 2,204 $ - $ 51,453 Construction Current period gross charge-offs $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Consumer loans to individuals Payment Performance Performing $ 127,243 $ 76,339 $ 24,584 $ 14,343 $ 10,217 $ 9,942 $ 938 $ - $ 263,606 Nonperforming 111 404 118 31 41 10 - - 715 Total $ 127,354 $ 76,743 $ 24,702 $ 14,374 $ 10,258 $ 9,952 $ 938 $ - $ 264,321 Consumer loans to individuals Current period gross charge-offs $ 45 $ 710 $ 200 $ 35 $ 45 $ 28 $ 4 $ - $ 1,067 Total Payment Performance Performing $ 178,189 $ 153,423 $ 89,066 $ 51,299 $ 28,452 $ 98,517 $ 32,227 $ - $ 631,173 Nonperforming 111 404 118 31 99 334 50 - 1,147 Total $ 178,300 $ 153,827 $ 89,184 $ 51,330 $ 28,551 $ 98,851 $ 32,277 $ - $ 632,320 Occasionally, the Bank modifies loans to borrowers in financial distress by providing principal forgiveness, term extension, an other-than-insignificant payment delay or interest rate reduction. When principal forgiveness is provided, the amount of forgiveness is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses. In some cases, the Bank provides multiple types of concessions on one loan. Typically, one type of concession, such as a term extension, is granted initially. If the borrower continues to experience financial difficulty, another concession, such as principal forgiveness, may be granted. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, there were 3 modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The following table presents modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty: Principal Payment Deferral Amortized Cost Basis at March 31, 2024 % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Financial Effect Commercial real estate loans $ 6,509 0.94 % Deferred Principal for 6 months Commercial loans 3,243 1.59 Deferred Principal for 6 months Consumer Loans 30 0.01 Deferred Principal for 6 months Total $ 9,782 Principal Payment Adjustment Amortized Cost Basis at March 31, 2024 % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Financial Effect Commercial real estate loans $ 399 0.06 % Reduced principal payment plus interest due monthly with balloon payment to be made in August 2024 Total $ 399 Combination - Term Extension and Interest Rate Adjustment Amortized Cost Basis at March 31, 2024 % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Financial Effect Residential real estate loans $ 42 0.01 % New loan was granted which decreased term from 240 months to 180 months and rate was increased from 4.75 % to 9.25 % Total $ 42 The Company’s primary business activity as of March 31, 2024 was with customers located in northeastern Pennsylvania and the New York counties of Delaware, Sullivan, Ontario, Otsego and Yates. Accordingly, the Company has extended credit primarily to commercial entities and individuals in this area whose ability to repay their loans is influenced by the region’s economy. As of March 31, 2024, the Company considered its concentration of credit risk to be acceptable. The highest concentrations are in commercial rentals with $ 148.9 million of loans outstanding, or 9.2 % of total loans outstanding, and residential rentals with loans outstanding of $ 113.5 million, or 7.0 % of loans outstanding. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized charge offs of $ 0 on commercial rentals and $ 0 on residential rentals. The following table presents additional details regarding the company’s largest loan concentrations by industry as of March 31, 2024 (in thousands): Account Type Outstanding as of March 31, 2024 Percent of Loans as of March 31, 2024 Commercial Rentals $ 148,899 9.18 % Residential Rentals 113,474 7.00 Hotels/Motels 92,138 5.68 Builders/Contractors 39,878 2.46 Dairy Cattle/Milk Product 47,430 2.93 Fuel/Gas Stations 46,552 2.87 Government Support 26,914 1.66 Mobile Home Park 27,861 1.72 Wineries 23,863 1.47 Camps 25,647 1.58 Resorts 20,154 1.24 |