ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Certain of the statements included in this ‘‘Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations’’ as well as elsewhere in this report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements made pursuant to the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the ‘‘Reform Act’’). These statements are based on the Company’s current expectations and are subject to a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties. In accordance with the safe harbor provisions of the Reform Act, the Company has identified important factors that could cause the actual results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by such statements. The assumptions, uncertainties and risks include the pace of growth of student enrollment, our continued compliance with Title IV of the Higher Education Act, and the regulations thereunder, as well as regional accreditation standards and state and regional regulatory requirements, competitive factors, risks associated with the opening of new campuses, risks associated with the offering of new educational programs and adapting to other changes, risks associated with the acquisition of existing educational institutions, risks relating to the timing of regulatory approvals, our ability to continue to implement our growth strategy, and general economic and market conditions. Further information about these and other relevant risks and uncertainties may be found in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K and its other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the ‘‘SEC’’ or ‘‘Commission’’). The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise forward looking statements.
In the third quarter of 2005, the Company generated $47.1 million in revenues, a 24% increase compared to the same period in 2004, primarily as a result of average enrollment growth of 22%. Income from operations was $9.6 million for the third quarter of 2005, an increase of 22% compared to the same period in 2004. Net income was $6.4 million, an increase of 26% in the third quarter of 2005 compared to the same period in 2004. Earnings per diluted share was $0.44 for the third quarter of 2005 compared to $0.34 for the same period in 2004.
Three Months Ended September 30, 2005 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2004
quarter of 2005. This increase was principally due to direct costs necessary to support the increase in student enrollments, including faculty compensation, related academic staff salaries, and campus facility costs, which increased $1.1 million, $0.7 million, and $0.7 million, respectively. These costs as a percentage of revenues decreased from 39.2% in the third quarter of 2004 to 38.4% in the third quarter of 2005 as revenue grew at a higher rate.
Selling and promotion expenses. Selling and promotion expenses increased $3.8 million, or 42.0%, from $9.2 million in the third quarter of 2004 to $13.0 million in the third quarter of 2005. This increase was principally due to the direct costs required to generate leads for enrollment growth and the addition of admissions personnel, particularly at new campuses and at Strayer University Online. These expenses as a percentage of revenues increased from 24.1% in the third quarter of 2004 to 27.6% in the third quarter of 2005, which was largely attributable to both marketing costs and staffing costs growing faster than tuition revenue as the Company continues to invest for growth.
General and administration expenses. General and administration expenses increased $0.3 million, or 4.9%, from $6.1 million in the third quarter of 2004 to $6.4 million in the third quarter of 2005. This increase was principally due to higher bad debt expense, which increased $0.2 million, although it remained steady at 2.5% as a percentage of revenues. General and administration expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased to 13.6% in the third quarter of 2005 from 16.1% in the third quarter of 2004 primarily due to higher than expected revenues during the third quarter of 2005 being spread over the largely fixed costs of various centralized functions.
Income from operations. Income from operations increased $1.8 million, or 22%, from $7.8 million in the third quarter of 2004 to $9.6 million in the third quarter of 2005 due to the aforementioned factors.
Investment and other income. Investment and other income increased $0.3 million, or 82%, from $0.4 million in the third quarter of 2004 to $0.7 million in the third quarter of 2005. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in investment yields.
Provision for income taxes. Income tax expense increased $0.7 million, or 22%, from $3.1 million in the third quarter of 2004 to $3.8 million in the third quarter of 2005 primarily due to the increase in income before taxes discussed above. The Company’s effective tax rate was 37.2% for the third quarter of 2005 compared to 38.0% for the third quarter of 2004. The decrease in the Company’s effective tax rate is attributable to the increase in the Company’s investment income from tax-exempt funds and to the finalization of the Company’s 2004 income tax returns.
Net income. Net income increased $1.3 million, or 26%, from $5.1 million in the third quarter of 2004 to $6.4 million in the third quarter of 2005 because of the factors discussed above.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2004
Enrollment. Average enrollment at Strayer University for the first three quarters of 2005 increased 18% to 22,768 students compared to 19,273 students for the same period in 2004.
Revenues. Revenues increased 21% from $130.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to $158.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005, principally due to an 18% increase in average student enrollments. Although tuition increased 5% in 2005, average revenue per student increased 2.5%, impacted by a mix shift to graduate students who, on average, take fewer classes than undergraduate students.
Instruction and educational support expenses. Instruction and educational support expenses increased $10.0 million, or 21%, from $46.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to $56.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. This increase was principally due to direct costs necessary to support the increase in student enrollments, including faculty compensation, related academic staff salaries, and campus facility costs, which increased $3.8 million, $2.1 million, and $2.2 million, respectively. These expenses as a percentage of revenues increased slightly from 35.6% in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to 35.7% in the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
Selling and promotion expenses. Selling and promotion expenses increased $8.7 million, or 41%, from $21.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to $30.3 million in the nine months ended
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September 30, 2005. This increase was principally due to the direct costs required to generate leads for enrollment growth and the addition of admissions personnel, particularly at new campuses and at Strayer University Online. These expenses as a percentage of revenues increased from 16.5% in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to 19.1% in the nine months ended September 30, 2005, which was largely attributable to both marketing costs and staffing costs growing faster than tuition revenue as the Company continues to invest for growth.
General and administration expenses. General and administration expenses increased $2.0 million, or 11%, from $18.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to $20.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. This increase was principally due to higher bad debt expense, which increased $1.1 million. General and administration expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased to 12.6% in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from 13.8% in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 primarily due to greater revenues being spread over the largely fixed costs of various centralized functions.
Income from operations. Income from operations increased $6.9 million, or 15%, from $44.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to $51.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 due to the aforementioned factors.
Investment and other income. Investment and other income increased $1.0 million, or 98%, from $1.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to $2.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in investment yields.
Provision for income taxes. Income tax expense increased $2.8 million, or 16%, from $17.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to $20.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 primarily due to the increase in income before taxes discussed above. The Company’s effective tax rate was 38.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 38.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The decrease in the Company’s effective tax rate is primarily attributable to the increase in the Company’s investment income from tax-exempt funds.
Net income. Net income increased $5.1 million, or 18%, from $28.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 to $33.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 because of the factors discussed above.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At September 30, 2005, the Company had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of $112.3 million compared to $122.8 million at December 31, 2004 and $111.7 million at September 30, 2004. Most of the Company’s excess cash is invested in tax-exempt money market funds and a diversified, short-term, investment grade, tax-exempt bond fund to minimize the Company’s principal risk and to benefit from the tax efficiency of the fund’s underlying securities. As of September 30, 2005, the Company had a total of $25.6 million invested in the short-term tax-exempt bond fund. At September 30, 2005, the 395 issues in this fund had an average credit rating of Aa1, an average maturity of 1.1 years and an average duration of 1.0 years, as well as an average yield to maturity of 2.8%. The Company had no debt as of December 31, 2004 or September 30, 2005.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, the Company generated $34.9 million net cash from operating activities compared to $40.4 million for the same period in 2004. Included in the $40.4 million net cash from operating activities generated in 2004 is approximately $13 million in tax benefits resulting from stock option exercises and from investment incentives, neither of which was available in the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
Capital expenditures were $9.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to $7.6 million for the same period in 2004. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, the Company paid $5.4 million in cash dividends to the Company’s common stockholders. As a result of the conversion of the Company’s remaining preferred stock into common stock in June 2004, no further preferred stock dividends are payable.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, the Company spent $30 million for the repurchase of 329,161 shares of common stock at an average price of $91.12 per share. The Company’s remaining
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authorization for common stock repurchases was $20 million at September 30, 2005. On October 25, 2005, the Company’s Board of Directors amended the share repurchase program to authorize the repurchase of an additional $20 million in value of the Company’s common stock over the next 14 months. As a result, the total remaining amount authorized for share repurchases under this program was $40 million as of October 25, 2005.
In the third quarter of 2005, bad debt expense as a percentage of revenue was 2.5%, unchanged from the same period in 2004. Days sales outstanding, adjusted to exclude tuition receivable related to future quarters, decreased to eight days at the end of the third quarter of 2005, compared to nine days at the end of the same period in 2004.
Currently, the Company invests its cash in bank overnight deposits, money market funds and a short-term tax-exempt bond fund. In addition, the Company has available two $10 million credit facilities from two banks. There have been no borrowings by the Company under these credit facilities and there are no fees payable under either facility. The Company believes that existing cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, cash generated from operating activities, and if necessary, cash borrowed under the credit facilities, will be sufficient to meet the Company’s requirements for at least the next 12 months.
New Campuses
The Company opened one new campus for 2005 fall term in Atlanta, Georgia, its third campus in that market. Also, the Company intends to open eight new campuses in 2006. Of the planned eight campus openings, two are under construction in preparation for a winter term 2006 opening. One campus is in downtown Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the Company’s fourth campus in that metropolitan area, and the other is in Wilmington, Delaware, the Company’s first campus in that state.
Fiscal Year 2003 Cohort Default Rate
During the third quarter of 2005, the Company received notification from the U.S. Department of Education that its Cohort Default Rate for fiscal year 2003 (the most recent annual period for which data is available) had declined to 2.7% from 3.7% for the fiscal year 2002.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES
ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company is subject to the impact of interest rate changes and may be subject to changes in the market values of its future investments. The Company invests its excess cash in bank overnight deposits, money market funds and a short-term tax-exempt bond fund. The Company has not used derivative financial instruments in its investment portfolio.
Earnings from investments in bank overnight deposits, money market mutual funds, and short-term tax-exempt bond funds may be adversely affected in the future should interest rates change. The Company’s future investment income may fall short of expectations due to changes in interest rates or the Company may suffer losses in principal if forced to sell securities that have declined in market value due to changes in interest rates. As of September 30, 2005, a 10% increase or decrease in interest rates would not have a material impact on the Company’s future earnings, fair values, or cash flows related to investments in cash equivalents or interest earning marketable securities.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
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a) | Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2005. Based upon such review, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company has in place, as of September 30, 2005, effective controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company (including consolidated subsidiaries) in the reports it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the ‘‘Exchange Act’’), and the rules thereunder, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer or officers and principal financial officer or officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. |
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b) | Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2005 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. |
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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
None
Item 2. Changes in Securities.
On July 26, 2005, the Company’s Board of Directors amended the Company’s share repurchase program to authorize the repurchase of an additional $25 million in value of the Company’s common stock. During the quarter, the Company used $5 million to repurchase shares of common stock under its repurchase program. The total remaining amount authorized for share repurchases under this program was $20 million as of September 30, 2005. A summary of the Company’s share repurchases during the quarter is set forth below:
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| | Shares Repurchased | | Average Price Per Share | | Authorization ($ mil) |
Beginning Balance (at 7/1/05) | | | | | | | | | | | — | |
July | | | — | | | | — | | | | 25.0 | |
August | | | 29,665 | | | $ | 98.96 | | | | (2.9 | ) |
September | | | 20,726 | | | $ | 99.38 | | | | (2.1 | ) |
Total (at 9/30/05) | | | 50,391 | | | $ | 99.13 | | | | 20.0 | |
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On October 25, 2005, the Company's Board of Directors amended the Company's share repurchase program to authorize the repurchase of an additional $20 million in value of the Company's common stock. The total remaining amount authorized for share repurchases was $40 million as of October 25, 2005.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
None
Item 5. Other Information.
None
Item 6. Exhibits.
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31.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the ‘‘Securities Act’’). |
31.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Act. |
32.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
32.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this statement is being signed by a duly authorized officer of the Registrant and in the capacity as the principal financial officer.
STRAYER EDUCATION, INC.
By: /s/ Mark C. Brown
Mark C. Brown
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: October 28, 2005
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Exhibit Index
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Exhibit | | Description |
31.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Act. |
31.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Act. |
32.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
32.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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