UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2006
OR
¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 000-23593
VERISIGN, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| | |
Delaware | | 94-3221585 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| |
487 East Middlefield Road, Mountain View, CA | | 94043 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (650) 961-7500
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES x NO ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.): YES ¨ NO x
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:
| | |
Class | | Shares Outstanding April 28, 2006 |
Common stock, $.001 par value | | 245,139,045 |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
As required under Item 1—Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) included in this section are as follows:
3
VERISIGN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
| | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2006 | | | December 31, 2005 | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 431,250 | | | $ | 476,826 | |
Short-term investments | | | 328,183 | | | | 378,006 | |
Accounts receivable, net | | | 265,511 | | | | 271,883 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 82,828 | | | | 80,079 | |
Deferred tax assets | | | 16,959 | | | | 16,186 | |
Current assets of discontinued operations | | | 4,766 | | | | 5,295 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 1,129,497 | | | | 1,228,275 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 557,005 | | | | 553,036 | |
Goodwill | | | 1,188,009 | | | | 1,071,910 | |
Other intangible assets, net | | | 267,045 | | | | 225,302 | |
Restricted cash and investments | | | 50,972 | | | | 50,972 | |
Long-term note receivable | | | — | | | | 26,419 | |
Other assets, net | | | 17,307 | | | | 16,985 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total long-term assets | | | 2,080,338 | | | | 1,944,624 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 3,209,835 | | | $ | 3,172,899 | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | $ | 541,900 | | | $ | 555,458 | |
Accrued restructuring costs | | | 7,248 | | | | 7,440 | |
Deferred revenue | | | 401,339 | | | | 368,413 | |
Current liabilities of discontinued operations | | | 6,248 | | | | 6,822 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 956,735 | | | | 938,133 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Long-term deferred revenue | | | 138,089 | | | | 127,175 | |
Long-term accrued restructuring costs | | | 10,285 | | | | 10,876 | |
Other long-term liabilities | | | 4,263 | | | | 4,995 | |
Deferred tax liabilities | | | 29,012 | | | | 18,560 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total long-term liabilities | | | 181,649 | | | | 161,606 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 1,138,384 | | | | 1,099,739 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Minority interest in subsidiaries | | | 41,634 | | | | 41,485 | |
Commitments and contingencies | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ equity: | | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock—par value $.001 per share | | | | | | | | |
Authorized shares: 5,000,000 | | | | | | | | |
Issued and outstanding shares: none | | | — | | | | — | |
Common stock—par value $.001 per share | | | | | | | | |
Authorized shares: 1,000,000,000 | | | | | | | | |
Issued and outstanding shares: 244,790,567 and 246,418,940 (excluding 32,657,898 and 28,981,444 shares held in treasury at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively) | | | 245 | | | | 246 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 23,168,617 | | | | 23,205,261 | |
Unearned compensation | | | — | | | | (13,911 | ) |
Accumulated deficit | | | (21,127,597 | ) | | | (21,147,368 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | | | (11,448 | ) | | | (12,553 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 2,029,817 | | | | 2,031,675 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 3,209,835 | | | $ | 3,172,899 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4
VERISIGN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Revenues | | $ | 373,604 | | | $ | 387,267 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Costs and expenses: | | | | | | | | |
Cost of revenues | | | 138,912 | | | | 122,388 | |
Sales and marketing | | | 90,387 | | | | 126,181 | |
Research and development | | | 28,033 | | | | 20,199 | |
General and administrative | | | 58,493 | | | | 42,099 | |
Restructuring and other charges (reversals) | | | 1,459 | | | | (1,875 | ) |
Amortization of other intangible assets | | | 28,000 | | | | 22,840 | |
Impairment of other intangible assets | | | 1,950 | | | | — | |
Acquired in-process research and development | | | 10,900 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total costs and expenses | | | 358,134 | | | | 331,832 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Operating income | | | 15,470 | | | | 55,435 | |
Non-operating income: | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | | (647 | ) | | | (1,128 | ) |
Other income, net | | | 28,797 | | | | 15,277 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | | | 43,620 | | | | 69,584 | |
Income tax expense | | | 24,627 | | | | 24,424 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net income from continuing operations | | | 18,993 | | | | 45,160 | |
Net income from discontinued operations | | | 778 | | | | 4,015 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 19,771 | | | $ | 49,175 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Basic net income per share from: | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.18 | |
Discontinued operations | | | — | | | | 0.01 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.19 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Diluted net income per share from: | | | | | | | | |
Continuing operations | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.17 | |
Discontinued operations | | | — | | | | 0.02 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 0.08 | | | $ | 0.19 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Shares used in per share computation: | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 245,603 | | | | 253,989 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Diluted | | | 248,905 | | | | 262,434 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5
VERISIGN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 19,771 | | | $ | 49,175 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment | | | 24,444 | | | | 20,804 | |
Amortization of other intangible assets | | | 28,000 | | | | 22,840 | |
Impairment of other intangible assets | | | 1,950 | | | | — | |
Acquired in-process research and development | | | 10,900 | | | | — | |
Provision for doubtful accounts | | | (650 | ) | | | 575 | |
Stock-based compensation | | | 15,146 | | | | 880 | |
Non-cash restructuring and other charges | | | 16 | | | | 106 | |
Net gain on sale and impairment of investments | | | (21,274 | ) | | | (96 | ) |
Dividend income from investment | | | — | | | | (2,180 | ) |
Minority interest in net income of subsidiary | | | 647 | | | | 1,128 | |
Tax benefit associated with stock options | | | — | | | | 3,091 | |
Deferred income taxes | | | (3,298 | ) | | | (2,038 | ) |
Loss on disposal of property and equipment | | | — | | | | 127 | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | 17,525 | | | | (59,993 | ) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | (2,930 | ) | | | (13,543 | ) |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | | (38,127 | ) | | | 16,286 | |
Deferred revenue | | | 41,601 | | | | 36,698 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by operating activities | | | 93,721 | | | | 73,860 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of investments | | | (38,353 | ) | | | (78,795 | ) |
Proceeds from maturities and sales of investments | | | 86,054 | | | | 51,899 | |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | (26,813 | ) | | | (17,054 | ) |
Cash paid in business combinations, net of cash acquired | | | (166,458 | ) | | | — | |
Net proceeds received on long-term note receivable and investment | | | 47,786 | | | | 20,000 | |
Other assets | | | — | | | | (3,298 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (97,784 | ) | | | (27,248 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from option exercises and employee stock purchase plan | | | 29,926 | | | | 14,014 | |
Change in net assets of subsidiary | | | (494 | ) | | | 400 | |
Repurchase of common stock | | | (75,000 | ) | | | — | |
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation | | | 5,840 | | | | — | |
Repayment of long-term liabilities | | | (824 | ) | | | (550 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | | | (40,552 | ) | | | 13,864 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | | | 287 | | | | (1,740 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | | | (44,328 | ) | | | 58,736 | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | | | 476,826 | | | | 330,641 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | $ | 432,498 | | | $ | 389,377 | |
Cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations | | | (1,248 | ) | | | (1,511 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 431,250 | | | $ | 387,866 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from discontinued operations: | | | | | | | | |
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | | $ | (586 | ) | | $ | 5,324 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Supplemental cash flow disclosures: | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds received | | $ | 6,955 | | | $ | 9,735 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
6
VERISIGN, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Interim Financial Statements
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by VeriSign, Inc. and its subsidiaries (“VeriSign” or the “Company”) in accordance with the instructions for Form 10-Q pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and, therefore, do not include all information and notes normally provided in audited financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals and other adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative, nor comparable to the results of operations for any other interim period or for a full fiscal year. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005.
VeriSign accounted for the November 2005 sale of its payment gateway business as a discontinued operation in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144 (“SFAS 144”), “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived Assets”. Accordingly, the condensed consolidated financial statements have been reclassified for all periods presented to reflect its payment gateway business as discontinued operations. Unless noted otherwise, discussions in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements pertain to continuing operations.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to current period presentation. Such reclassifications have no effect on net income as previously reported.
Stock-based Compensation
Prior to January 1, 2006, VeriSign accounted for stock-based awards under the intrinsic value method, which followed the recognition and measurement principles of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25 (“APB 25”), “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”, and related interpretations. The intrinsic value method of accounting resulted in compensation expense for restricted stock and restricted stock units at fair value on date of grant based on the number of shares granted and the quoted price of the Company’s common stock, and for stock options to the extent option exercise prices were set below market prices on the date of grant. To the extent stock awards were forfeited prior to vesting, the corresponding previously recognized expense was reversed as an offset to operating expenses.
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123R (“SFAS 123R”), “Share-Based Payment”. SFAS 123R replaced SFAS No. 123 (“SFAS 123”), “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” and superseded APB 25. VeriSign elected the modified prospective application method, under which prior periods are not revised for comparative purposes. The valuation provisions of SFAS 123R apply to new grants and to grants that were outstanding as of the effective date and are subsequently modified. For stock-based awards granted on or after January 1, 2006, the Company will amortize stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. Estimated compensation for grants that were outstanding as of the effective date will be recognized over the remaining service period under the pro forma provisions of SFAS 123.
The adoption of SFAS 123R had a material effect on VeriSign’s condensed consolidated statements. See Note 2, “Stock-Based Compensation” for further information regarding stock-based compensation assumptions and expenses.
7
Note 2. Stock-Based Compensation
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of SFAS 123R. See Note 1 for a description of VeriSign’s adoption of SFAS 123R.
Stock Option Plans
As of March 31, 2006, a total of 55,179,165 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance upon the exercise of stock options and for the future grant of stock options or awards under VeriSign’s equity incentive plans.
The 1995 Stock Option Plan and the 1997 Stock Option Plan (“1995 and 1997 Plans”) were terminated concurrent with VeriSign’s initial public offering in 1998. Options to purchase common stock granted under the 1995 and 1997 Plans remain outstanding and subject to the vesting and exercise terms of the original grant. All shares that remained available for future issuance under the 1995 and 1997 Plans at the time of their termination were transferred to the 1998 Equity Incentive Plan. No further options can be granted under the 1995 and 1997 Plans. Options granted under the 1995 and 1997 Plans are subject to terms substantially similar to those described below with respect to options granted under the 1998 Equity Incentive Plan.
The 1998 Equity Incentive Plan (“1998 Plan”) authorizes the award of options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and stock bonuses. Options may be granted at an exercise price not less than 100% of the fair market value of VeriSign’s common stock on the date of grant for incentive stock options and 85% of the fair market value for non-qualified stock options. All options are granted at the discretion of the Board and have a term not greater than 7 years from the date of grant. Options issued generally vest 25% on the first anniversary date and ratably over the following 12 quarters. Restricted stock awards and restricted stock units entitle the recipient to receive, at VeriSign’s discretion, shares or cash upon vesting.
The 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (“2001 Plan”) authorizes the award of non-qualified stock options and restricted stock awards to eligible employees, officers who are not subject to Section 16 reporting requirements, contractors and consultants. As of December 31, 2005, no restricted stock awards have been made under the 2001 Plan. Options may be granted at an exercise price not less than the par value of VeriSign’s common stock on the date of grant. All options are granted at the discretion of the Board and have a term not greater than 10 years from the date of grant. Options issued generally vest 25% on the first anniversary date and ratably over the following 12 quarters. The 2001 Plan provides that on January 1 of each year beginning in 2002, the number of shares available for grant thereunder will automatically be increased by an amount equal to 2% of the outstanding common shares on the immediately preceding December 31.
Members of the Board who are not employees of VeriSign, or of any parent, subsidiary or affiliate of VeriSign, are eligible to participate in the 1998 Directors Plan (“Directors Plan”). The option grants under the Directors Plan are automatic and non-discretionary, and the exercise price of the options is 100% of the fair market value of the common stock on the date of the grant. Each eligible director is initially granted an option to purchase 25,000 shares on the date he or she first becomes a director (“Initial Grant”). On each anniversary of a director’s Initial Grant or most recent grant if he or she was ineligible to receive an Initial Grant, each eligible director will automatically be granted an additional option to purchase 12,500 shares of common stock if the director has served continuously as a director since the date of the Initial Grant or most recent grant. The term of the options under the Directors Plan is ten years and options vest as to 6.25% of the shares each quarter after the date of the grant, provided the optionee remains a director of VeriSign.
In connection with its acquisitions in 2005, VeriSign assumed some of the acquired companies’ stock options. Options assumed generally have terms of seven to ten years and generally vest over a four-year period.
1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
As of March 31, 2006, VeriSign has reserved 15,125,260 shares for issuance under the 1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“Purchase Plan”). Eligible employees may purchase common stock through payroll deductions by electing to have between 2% and 15% of their compensation withheld. Each participant is granted an option to purchase common stock on the first day of each 24-month offering period and this option is automatically exercised on the last day of each six-month purchase period during the offering period. The purchase price for the common stock under the Purchase Plan is 85% of the lesser of the fair market value of the common stock on the first day of the applicable offering period and the last day of the applicable purchase period. Offering periods begin on February 1 and August 1 of each year. On January 1 of each year, the number of shares available for grant under the Purchase Plan will automatically be increased by an amount equal to 1% of the outstanding common shares on the immediately preceding December 31.
8
Stock-based Compensation
On March 29, 2005, the SEC published Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 107, which provides the Staff’s views on a variety of matters relating to stock-based payments. SAB 107 requires stock-based compensation be classified in the same expense line items as cash compensation. The following table sets forth the total stock-based compensation recognized on the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006:
| | | |
| | March 31, 2006 |
| | (In thousands, except per share data) |
Stock-based compensation: | | | |
Cost of revenue | | $ | 3,781 |
Sales and marketing | | | 3,121 |
Research and development | | | 2,152 |
General and administrative | | | 6,092 |
| | | |
Total stock-based compensation | | $ | 15,146 |
Tax benefit associated with stock-based compensation expense | | | — |
| | | |
Net effect of stock-based compensation expense on net income | | $ | 15,146 |
| | | |
Net effect of stock-based compensation expense on net income per share: | | | |
Basic | | $ | 0.06 |
| | | |
Diluted | | $ | 0.06 |
| | | |
Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), the Company presented unearned compensation as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123(R), on January 1, 2006 VeriSign reclassified the balance in unearned compensation to additional paid-in capital on its balance sheet.
Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, the Company presented all tax benefits for deductions resulting from the exercise of stock options as operating cash flows on its statement of cash flows. SFAS 123R requires the cash flows resulting from the tax benefits for tax deductions in excess of the compensation expense recorded for those options (excess tax benefits) to be classified as financing cash flows. Accordingly, VeriSign classified the $5.8 million in excess tax benefits as financing cash inflows rather than as operating cash inflows on its statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2006. Compensation cost capitalized as part of property and equipment was not material for the period.
As of March 31, 2006, total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options and restricted stock awards was $96.0 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.5 years.
9
VeriSign currently uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options and Purchase Plan options. The determination of the fair value of stock-based payment awards using an option-pricing model is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. The following table sets forth the assumptions used to estimate the fair value of the stock options and Purchase Plan options for each period presented:
| | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | 2006 | | 2005 |
Stock options: | | | | |
Volatility | | 37% | | 77% |
Risk-free interest rate | | 4.29 – 4.71% | | 3.61% |
Expected term | | 3.0 – 4.6 years | | 3.1 years |
Dividend yield | | zero | | zero |
Purchase Plan options: | | | | |
Volatility | | 32 – 42% | | 47% |
Risk-free interest rate | | 4.40 – 4.47% | | 2.24% |
Expected term | | 1.25 years | | 1.25 years |
Dividend yield | | zero | | zero |
Under SFAS 123R, VeriSign’s expected volatility is based on the combination of historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over the period commensurate with the expected life of the options and the mean historical implied volatility from traded options. The risk-free interest rates are derived from the average U.S. Treasury constant maturity rates during the period, which approximate the rate in effect at the time of grant for the respective expected term. The expected terms are based on the observed and expected time to post-vesting exercise and/or cancellation of options. VeriSign does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future and therefore uses an expected dividend yield of zero. Under FAS 123R, VeriSign estimates forfeitures at the time of grant and revises those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company uses historical data to estimate pre-vesting option forfeitures and records stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest.
Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, the Company provided the disclosures required under SFAS 123. The Company generally did not recognize stock-based compensation expense for option grants to its employees in its consolidated statement of operations for periods prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R as most options granted had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. Prior to January 1, 2006, unearned compensation resulted primarily from vested stock options assumed in acquisitions and restricted stock units awarded to employees. The following table illustrates the effect on net income and net income per share, for the three months ended March 31, 2005, if VeriSign had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123 to stock-based employee compensation:
| | | | |
| | Three months ended March 31, 2005 | |
| | (In thousands, except per share data) | |
Net income, as reported | | $ | 49,175 | |
Add: Amortization of unearned compensation, net of tax | | | 568 | |
Deduct: Stock-based compensation determined under the fair value method for all awards, net of tax | | | (16,389 | ) |
| | | | |
Pro forma net income from continuing operations | | $ | 33,354 | |
| | | | |
Basic: | | | | |
As reported | | $ | 0.19 | |
Pro forma stock-based compensation | | | (0.06 | ) |
| | | | |
Pro forma net income per share | | $ | 0.13 | |
| | | | |
Diluted: | | | | |
As reported | | $ | 0.19 | |
Pro forma stock-based compensation | | | (0.06 | ) |
| | | | |
Pro forma net income per share | | $ | 0.13 | |
| | | | |
10
General Option Information
The following table summarizes stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | Shares | | | Weighted- Average Exercise Price | | Shares | | | Weighted- Average Exercise Price | | Shares | | | Weighted- Average Exercise Price |
Outstanding at beginning of period | | 35,638,232 | | | $ | 31.51 | | 32,878,169 | | | $ | 36.87 | | 31,999,664 | | | $ | 36.87 |
Assumed in business combinations | | 210,994 | | | | 3.14 | | 1,645,508 | | | | 3.71 | | 687,659 | | | | 4.79 |
Granted | | 1,656,567 | | | | 23.07 | | 10,053,156 | | | | 25.95 | | 9,156,123 | | | | 20.20 |
Exercised | | (1,429,238 | ) | | | 13.43 | | (5,343,504 | ) | | | 11.48 | | (4,391,205 | ) | | | 11.04 |
Forfeited | | (1,154,820 | ) | | | 67.62 | | (2,919,635 | ) | | | 35.84 | | (3,971,347 | ) | | | 46.19 |
Expired | | (314,817 | ) | | | 26.50 | | (675,462 | ) | | | 126.32 | | (602,725 | ) | | | 44.62 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Outstanding at end of period | | 34,606,918 | | | | 30.53 | | 35,638,232 | | | | 31.51 | | 32,878,169 | | | | 33.74 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercisable at end of period | | 24,873,929 | | | | 35.56 | | 26,404,992 | | | | 41.36 | | 17,085,569 | | | | 48.19 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted-average fair value of options granted during the period | | | | | $ | 7.08 | | | | | $ | 10.80 | | | | | $ | 10.80 |
Total intrinsic value of options exercised during the period (in thousands) | | | | | $ | 14,044 | | | | | $ | 78,731 | | | | | $ | 49,580 |
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding as of March 31, 2006:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Stock Options Outstanding | | Stock Options Exercisable |
Range of Exercise Prices | | Shares Outstanding | | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life | | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | | Shares Exercisable | | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life | | Weighted-Average Exercise Price |
$ 0.09–$ 10.00 | | 1,870,599 | | 5.45 years | | $ | 4.82 | | 1,045,589 | | 4.55 years | | $ | 5.32 |
$ 10.08–$ 13.65 | | 3,338,488 | | 4.20 years | | | 11.81 | | 2,253,625 | | 4.00 years | | | 11.43 |
$ 13.79 | | 2,511,486 | | 3.45 years | | | 13.79 | | 2,277,278 | | 3.13 years | | | 13.79 |
$ 14.06–$ 19.90 | | 6,035,638 | | 5.62 years | | | 17.16 | | 2,179,209 | | 5.76 years | | | 17.05 |
$ 20.28–$ 24.81 | | 4,951,855 | | 5.79 years | | | 22.77 | | 1,244,203 | | 2.87 years | | | 22.76 |
$ 25.33–$ 29.95 | | 8,552,574 | | 6.10 years | | | 26.78 | | 8,527,747 | | 6.09 years | | | 26.78 |
$ 30.08–$ 38.92 | | 3,139,533 | | 2.99 years | | | 35.02 | | 3,139,533 | | 2.99 years | | | 35.02 |
$ 40.08–$ 59.40 | | 1,719,038 | | 4.43 years | | | 53.62 | | 1,719,038 | | 4.43 years | | | 53.62 |
$ 61.75–$ 97.80 | | 809,215 | | 1.56 years | | | 81.40 | | 809,215 | | 1.56 years | | | 81.40 |
$112.38–$149.50 | | 447,179 | | 1.19 years | | | 143.22 | | 447,179 | | 1.19 years | | | 143.22 |
$151.25–$253.00 | | 1,231,313 | | 1.36 years | | | 159.04 | | 1,231,313 | | 1.36 years | | | 159.04 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 34,606,918 | | 4.86 years | | $ | 30.53 | | 24,873,929 | | 4.40 years | | $ | 35.56 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the market value as of March 31, 2006 and the exercise price of the shares. The closing price of VeriSign’s stock was $23.99 on March 31, 2006, as reported by the Nasdaq National Market. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding and stock options exercisable with an exercise price below $23.99 as of March 31, 2006 was $149.5 million and $87.8 million, respectively. The intrinsic value of shares vested during the three months ended March 31, 2006 was $11.2 million.
11
The following table summarizes unvested restricted stock award activity for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 | | 2005 | | 2004 |
| | Shares | | | Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value | | Shares | | | Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value | | Shares | | Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value |
Unvested at beginning of period | | | 322,433 | | | $ | 27.97 | | 275,000 | | | $ | 22.20 | | 150,000 | | $ | 12.88 |
Granted | | | 41,703 | | | | 22.74 | | 222,683 | | | | 25.26 | | 125,000 | | | 33.38 |
Released | | | (1,563 | ) | | | 33.38 | | (166,250 | ) | | | 14.88 | | — | | | — |
Forfeited | | | — | | | | — | | (9,000 | ) | | | 26.40 | | — | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Unvested at end of period | | $ | 362,573 | | | $ | 27.35 | | 322,433 | | | $ | 27.97 | | 275,000 | | $ | 22.20 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The total fair value of vested restricted stock awards at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 was $2.5 million.
Upon exercise of stock options or vesting of restricted stock awards, VeriSign will issue common stock. To cover the minimum statutory tax withholding requirements, the Company will place a sufficient portion of vested restricted stock awards into treasury and make a cash payment to the Internal Revenue Service and state tax authorities to cover the applicable withholding taxes.
Stock Option Acceleration
On December 29, 2005, the Board of Directors of VeriSign approved the acceleration of the vesting of unvested and “out-of-the-money” stock options that had an exercise price per share in excess of $24.99, all of which were previously granted under VeriSign’s stock option plans and that were outstanding on December 29, 2005. Options to purchase approximately 8.8 million shares of common stock or 47% of the total outstanding unvested options on December 29, 2005 were subject to the acceleration. The options accelerated included certain options previously granted to executive officers and directors of VeriSign.
The acceleration was accompanied by restrictions imposed on any shares purchased through the exercise of accelerated options. Those restrictions will prevent the sale of any such shares prior to the date such shares would have originally vested had the optionee been employed on such date (whether or not the optionee is actually an employee at that time).
The purpose of the accelerated vesting was to enable the Company to reduce compensation expense associated with these options in future periods, beginning with the first quarter of 2006, in its consolidated financial statements, pursuant to SFAS 123R. As a result of the acceleration, VeriSign expects to reduce the stock-based compensation expense it otherwise would have been required to record by approximately $27.7 million in 2006. The acceleration of the vesting of these options did not result in a charge to expenses in 2005.
Note 3. Business Combinations
CallVision
On January 24, 2006, VeriSign completed its acquisition of CallVision, Inc. (“CallVision”), a Seattle, Washington-based privately-held provider of online analysis applications for mobile communications customers. VeriSign’s purchase price of $38.9 million for all of the outstanding capital stock and vested options of CallVision consisted of approximately $38.2 million in cash consideration and $0.4 million in direct transaction costs. VeriSign also assumed $0.3 million of unvested stock options of CallVision. The acquisition has been accounted for as a purchase and, accordingly, the total purchase price has been allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values on the acquisition date. CallVision’s results of operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. CallVision’s results of operations for periods prior to the date of acquisition were not material when compared with VeriSign’s consolidated results. As a result of the acquisition of CallVision, VeriSign recorded goodwill of $18.3 million and intangible assets of $12.5 million, which have been assigned to the Communications Services Group segment. The goodwill represents the excess value over both tangible and intangible assets acquired. The goodwill in this transaction is attributable to the anticipated ability to provide online customer self-service with a single view of billing across multiple systems and vendors. None of the goodwill for CallVision is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The overall weighted-average life of the identified amortizable assets acquired in the purchase of CallVision is 6.3 years. These identified intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives.
12
The in-process research and development acquired in the CallVision acquisition consisted primarily of research and development efforts required for the completion of all planning, design, development, and test activities that are necessary to establish that the product or service can be produced to meet its design specifications including features, functions, and performance.
VeriSign determined the fair value of the acquired in-process research and development by estimating the projected cash flows related to the project or service and future revenues to be earned upon commercialization of the service. VeriSign discounted the resulting cash flows back to their net present values. VeriSign based the net cash flows from such projects on its analysis of the respective markets and estimates of revenues and operating profits related to these projects. The in-process research and development is expensed upon acquisition because they have no future alternative uses.
The allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair value of CallVision was as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | January 24, 2006 | | | Amortization Period |
| | (In thousands) | | | (Years) |
Current assets | | $ | 10,743 | | | — |
Long-term assets | | | 1,044 | | | — |
Goodwill | | | 18,250 | | | — |
Customer relationships | | | 4,700 | | | 8 |
Existing technology | | | 2,290 | | | 4 |
Core technology | | | 2,600 | | | 8 |
Non-compete agreement | | | 620 | | | 2 |
In-process research and development | | | 500 | | | — |
Customer contracts | | | 1,800 | | | 3-4 |
| | | | | | |
Total assets acquired | | | 42,547 | | | |
| | | | | | |
Liabilities assumed | | | (3,599 | ) | | |
| | | | | | |
Net assets acquired | | $ | 38,948 | | | |
| | | | | | |
3United
On February 28, 2006, VeriSign completed its acquisition of 3united Mobile Solutions ag (“3united”), a Vienna, Austria-based provider of wireless application services. VeriSign’s purchase price of $71.2 million for approximately 99.8% of the outstanding capital stock of 3united consisted of approximately $70.1 million in cash consideration, and $1.1 million in direct transaction costs. The acquisition has been accounted for as a purchase and, accordingly, the total purchase price has been allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values on the acquisition date. 3united’s results of operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. 3united’s results of operations for periods prior to the date of acquisition were not material when compared with VeriSign’s consolidated results. As a result of the acquisition of 3united, VeriSign recorded goodwill of $48.3 million and intangible assets of $26.7 million, which have been assigned to the Communications Services Group segment. The goodwill represents the excess value over both tangible and intangible assets acquired. The goodwill in this transaction is attributable to the anticipated ability to bundle different applications to engage and drive consumers to higher value services such as content, chat or mCommerce. Under Austrian tax law a portion of the goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The overall weighted-average life of the identified amortizable assets acquired in the purchase of 3united is 6.6 years. These identified intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives.
13
The allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair value of 3united was as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | February 28, 2006 | | | Amortization Period |
| | (In thousands) | | | (Years) |
Current assets | | $ | 8,365 | | | — |
Long-term assets | | | 372 | | | — |
Goodwill | | | 48,316 | | | — |
Customer relationships | | | 5,050 | | | 7 |
Existing technology | | | 9,720 | | | 6 |
Core technology | | | 8,200 | | | 8 |
Development contracts | | | 2,810 | | | 6 |
Non-compete agreement | | | 450 | | | 2 |
Trade name | | | 160 | | | 1 |
Order backlog | | | 340 | | | 1 |
| | | | | | |
Total assets acquired | | | 83,783 | | | |
| | | | | | |
Liabilities assumed | | | (12,606 | ) | | |
| | | | | | |
Net assets acquired | | $ | 71,177 | | | |
| | | | | | |
Kontiki
On March 14, 2006, VeriSign completed its acquisition of Kontiki, Inc. (“Kontiki”), a Sunnyvale, California-based provider of broadband content services. VeriSign’s purchase price of $60.1 million for all of the outstanding capital stock and vested options of Kontiki consisted of approximately $57.1 million in cash consideration and $2.3 million in direct transaction costs. VeriSign also assumed $0.7 million of unvested stock options of Kontiki. The acquisition has been accounted for as a purchase and, accordingly, the total purchase price has been allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values on the acquisition date. Kontiki’s results of operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. Kontiki’s results of operations for periods prior to the date of acquisition were not material when compared with VeriSign’s consolidated results. As a result of the acquisition of Kontiki, VeriSign recorded goodwill of $25.5 million and intangible assets of $33.5 million, which have been assigned to the Communications Services Group segment. The goodwill represents the excess value over both tangible and intangible assets acquired. The goodwill in this transaction is attributable to the anticipated ability to expedite large file downloads on the Internet. None of the goodwill for Kontiki is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The overall weighted-average life of the identified amortizable assets acquired in the purchase of Kontiki is 6.4 years. These identified intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives.
The in-process research and development acquired in the Kontiki acquisition consisted primarily of research and development efforts required for the completion of all planning, design, development, and test activities that are necessary to establish that the product or service can be produced to meet its design specifications including features, functions, and performance.
VeriSign determined the fair value of the acquired in-process research and development by estimating the projected cash flows related to the project or service and future revenues to be earned upon commercialization of the service. VeriSign discounted the resulting cash flows back to their net present values. VeriSign based the net cash flows from such projects on its analysis of the respective markets and estimates of revenues and operating profits related to these projects. The in-process research and development is expensed upon acquisition because they have no future alternative uses.
14
The allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair value of Kontiki was as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | March 14, 2006 | | | Amortization Period |
| | (In thousands) | | | (Years) |
Current assets | | $ | 4,406 | | | — |
Long-term assets | | | 184 | | | — |
Goodwill | | | 25,476 | | | — |
Customer relationships | | | 6,100 | | | 8 |
Existing technology | | | 7,000 | | | 7 |
Core technology | | | 3,000 | | | 7 |
In-process research and development | | | 10,000 | | | — |
Non-compete agreement | | | 1,600 | | | 2 |
Trade name | | | 5,400 | | | 5 |
Customer contracts | | | 400 | | | 1 |
| | | | | | |
Total assets acquired | | | 63,566 | | | |
| | | | | | |
Liabilities assumed | | | (3,472 | ) | | |
| | | | | | |
Net assets acquired | | $ | 60,094 | | | |
| | | | | | |
Other Acquisitions
In addition to the above, VeriSign also acquired two other companies during the three months ended March 31, 2006 for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $23.4 million. These acquisitions were not material on an individual basis or in the aggregate.
Note 4. Discontinued Operations
On November 18, 2005, the Company completed the sale of certain assets related to its payment gateway business pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement, dated October 10, 2005 (the “Agreement”), among PayPal, Inc., PayPal International Limited (collectively, “PayPal”), a wholly owned subsidiary of eBay Inc. Under the Agreement, PayPal acquired certain assets related to VeriSign’s payment gateway business and assumed certain liabilities related thereto for $370 million in cash. The payment gateway business was part of the Internet Services Group segment.
15
The Company determined that the disposed payment gateway business should be accounted for as discontinued operation in accordance with SFAS 144, “Accounting for the Disposal of or Impairment of Long-Lived Assets”. Consequently, the results of operations of the payment gateway business have been excluded from the Company’s results from continuing operations for all periods presented and have instead been presented as discontinued operations.
In connection with the sale of the payment gateway business, the Company entered into a Transitional Service Agreement (“TSA”) with PayPal, Inc. to provide certain transitional network and customer support services. This agreement may continue through the fourth quarter of 2006. The related fees are recorded as a direct reduction to the respective costs and expenses included in discontinued operations. The expected cash flows under the TSA do not represent a significant continuation of the direct cash flows of the disposed payment gateway business.
The following table represents revenues from the disposed payment gateway business and the components of earnings from discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003:
| | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 |
| | (In thousands) |
Revenues (1) | | $ | (52 | ) | | $ | 13,724 |
| | | | | | | |
Income from disposed payment gateway business (2) | | | 778 | | | | 5,977 |
Income tax expense | | | — | | | | 1,962 |
| | | | | | | |
Net income from discontinued operations | | $ | 778 | | | $ | 4,015 |
| | | | | | | |
| (1) | Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was as a result of credit memos issued for prior payment services transactions |
| (2) | Fees paid by PayPal for certain transitional network and customer support services provided by VeriSign are recorded as an offset to the respective costs and expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2006 |
The following table presents the carrying amounts of major classes of assets and liabilities relating to the payment gateway business at March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005:
| | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 |
| | (In thousands) |
Assets: | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 1,248 | | $ | 1,834 |
Accounts receivable, net | | | 3,518 | | | 1,931 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | — | | | 1,530 |
| | | | | | |
Total current assets of discontinued operations | | | 4,766 | | | 5,295 |
| | | | | | |
Liabilities: | | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | $ | 6,248 | | $ | 6,822 |
| | | | | | |
Total current liabilities of discontinued operations | | | 6,248 | | | 6,822 |
| | | | | | |
Note 5. Restructuring and Other Charges
Below is a comparison of the restructuring and other charges for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005:
| | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
2003 Restructuring Plan charges (reversals) | | $ | 834 | | $ | (2,083 | ) |
2002 Restructuring Plan charges | | | 625 | | | 208 | |
| | | | | | | |
Total restructuring and other charges (reversals) | | $ | 1,459 | | $ | (1,875 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
16
2003 Restructuring Plan
In November 2003, VeriSign initiated a restructuring plan related to the sale of its Network Solutions business and the realignment of other business units. The restructuring plan resulted in reductions in workforce, abandonment of excess facilities, disposals of property and equipment, and other charges. To date, VeriSign has recorded $58.0 million in restructuring charges under its 2003 restructuring plan.
Net restructuring and other charges (reversals) associated with the 2003 restructuring plan for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 are as follows:
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Workforce reduction | | $ | (107 | ) | | $ | (1 | ) |
Excess facilities | | | 955 | | | | (1,991 | ) |
Exit costs | | | (13 | ) | | | (56 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Subtotal | | | 835 | | | $ | (2,048 | ) |
Other charges | | | (1 | ) | | | (35 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total restructuring and other charges (reversals) | | $ | 834 | | | $ | (2,083 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
During the three months ended March 31, 2006, VeriSign recorded restructuring charges of approximately $1.0 million for non-cancelable lease costs relating to previously abandoned excess facilities. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, VeriSign recorded a net reversal of $2.0 million related to excess facilities primarily in connection with a decision to utilize and build a facility that VeriSign had treated as abandoned under its 2003 restructuring plan and for which it had previously recorded a restructuring charge.
At March 31, 2006, the accrued restructuring costs associated with the 2003 restructuring plan were $11.7 million and consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Accrued Restructuring Costs at December 31, 2005 | | Reversals and Adjustments to Restructuring Charges | | | Non-Cash Reductions to the Accrual | | Cash Payments | | | Accrued Restructuring Costs at March 31, 2006 |
Workforce reduction | | $ | 107 | | $ | (107 | ) | | $ | — | | $ | — | | | $ | — |
Excess facilities | | | 12,099 | | | 955 | | | | — | | | (1,361 | ) | | | 11,693 |
Exit costs | | | — | | | (13 | ) | | | 13 | | | — | | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Subtotal | | $ | 12,206 | | $ | 835 | | | $ | 13 | | $ | (1,361 | ) | | $ | 11,693 |
Other charges | | | 21 | | | (1 | ) | | | — | | | (11 | ) | | | 9 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total restructuring and other charges | | $ | 12,227 | | $ | 834 | | | $ | 13 | | $ | (1,372 | ) | | $ | 11,702 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Included in current portion of accrued restructuring costs | | $ | 4,579 | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 4,365 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Included in long-term portion of accrued restructuring costs | | $ | 7,648 | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 7,337 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
2002 Restructuring Plan
In April 2002, VeriSign initiated a plan to restructure its operations to rationalize, integrate and align resources. This restructuring plan included workforce reductions, abandonment of excess facilities, write-offs of abandoned property and equipment, and other charges. To date, VeriSign has recorded $110.8 million in restructuring charges under its 2002 restructuring plan.
17
Restructuring charges associated with the 2002 restructuring plan for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 are as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | 2006 | | 2005 |
| | (In thousands) |
Excess facilities | | $ | 624 | | $ | 208 |
Exit costs | | | 1 | | | — |
| | | | | | |
Total restructuring charges | | $ | 625 | | $ | 208 |
| | | | | | |
During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, VeriSign adjusted its sublease income estimates for certain facilities resulting in additional restructuring charges for abandoned excess facilities.
At March 31, 2006, the accrued restructuring costs associated with the 2002 restructuring plan were $5.8 million and consisted of the following:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Accrued Restructuring Costs at December 31, 2005 | | Reversals and Adjustments to Restructuring Charges | | Non-Cash Reductions to the Accrual | | Cash Payments | | | Accrued Restructuring Costs at March 31, 2006 |
Excess facilities | | $ | 5,955 | | $ | 624 | | $ | 2 | | $ | (886 | ) | | $ | 5,695 |
Exit costs | | | 134 | | | 1 | | | 1 | | | — | | | | 136 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total restructuring charges | | $ | 6,089 | | $ | 625 | | $ | 3 | | $ | (886 | ) | | $ | 5,831 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Included in current portion of accrued restructuring costs | | $ | 2,861 | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 2,883 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Included in long-term portion of accrued restructuring costs | | $ | 3,228 | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 2,948 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash payments totaling approximately $37.9 million related to the abandonment of excess facilities under both restructuring plans will be paid over the respective lease terms, the longest of which extends through June 2014. The present value of future cash payments related to lease terminations due to the abandonment of excess facilities is expected to be as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Contractual Lease Payments | | Anticipated Sublease Income | | | Net |
| | (In thousands) |
2006 (remaining 9 months) | | | 5,941 | | | (312 | ) | | | 5,629 |
2007 | | | 6,612 | | | (1,750 | ) | | | 4,862 |
2008 | | | 3,943 | | | (2,061 | ) | | | 1,882 |
2009 | | | 3,015 | | | (2,077 | ) | | | 938 |
2010 | | | 3,021 | | | (2,092 | ) | | | 929 |
2011 | | | 3,027 | | | (2,108 | ) | | | 919 |
Thereafter | | | 7,574 | | | (5,345 | ) | | | 2,229 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 33,133 | | $ | (15,745 | ) | | $ | 17,388 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
18
Note 6. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill as allocated to the Company’s operating segments during the three months ended March 31, 2006:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Internet Services Group | | Communications Services Group | | Total |
| | (In thousands) |
Balance at December 31, 2005 | | $ | 303,242 | | $ | 768,668 | | $ | 1,071,910 |
CallVision acquisition | | | — | | | 18,250 | | | 18,250 |
Kontiki acquisition | | | — | | | 25,473 | | | 25,473 |
3United acquisition | | | — | | | 48,316 | | | 48,316 |
Other acquisitions and adjustments | | | 24,060 | | | — | | | 24,060 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance at March 31, 2006 | | $ | 327,302 | | $ | 860,707 | | $ | 1,188,009 |
| | | | | | | | | |
Purchased goodwill is not amortized but is subject to testing for impairment on at least an annual basis. VeriSign performed its annual impairment test as of June 30, 2005. The fair value of VeriSign’s reporting units is determined using either the income or the market valuation approach or a combination thereof. Under the income approach, the fair value of the reporting unit is based on the present value of estimated future cash flows that the reporting unit is expected to generate over its remaining life. Under the market approach, the value of the reporting unit is based on an analysis that compares the value of the reporting unit to values of publicly traded companies in similar lines of business. Other intangible assets are valued using the income approach. In the application of the income and market valuation approaches, VeriSign is required to make estimates of future operating trends and judgments on discount rates and other variables. Actual future results related to assumed variables could differ from these estimates. There was no impairment charge to goodwill and other intangible assets from the annual impairment tests conducted in the second quarter of 2005.
VeriSign’s other intangible assets are comprised of:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | As of March 31, 2006 |
| | Gross Carrying Value | | Accumulated Amortization and Impairment | | | Net Carrying Value |
| | (In thousands) |
Customer relationships | | $ | 448,283 | | $ | (310,403 | ) | | $ | 137,880 |
Technology in place | | | 201,056 | | | (120,881 | ) | | | 80,175 |
Carrier relationships | | | 27,700 | | | (8,425 | ) | | | 19,275 |
Non-compete agreement | | | 23,518 | | | (15,130 | ) | | | 8,388 |
Trade name | | | 25,424 | | | (5,847 | ) | | | 19,577 |
Other | | | 2,293 | | | (543 | ) | | | 1,750 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total other intangible assets | | $ | 728,274 | | $ | (461,229 | ) | | $ | 267,045 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| |
| | As of December 31, 2005 |
| | Gross Carrying Value | | Accumulated Amortization and Impairment | | | Net Carrying Value |
| | (In thousands) |
Customer relationships | | $ | 421,707 | | $ | (293,312 | ) | | $ | 128,395 |
Technology in place | | | 166,355 | | | (114,650 | ) | | | 51,705 |
Carrier relationships | | | 27,700 | | | (7,271 | ) | | | 20,429 |
Non-compete agreement | | | 20,828 | | | (12,679 | ) | | | 8,149 |
Trade name | | | 19,870 | | | (4,856 | ) | | | 15,014 |
Other | | | 1,950 | | | (340 | ) | | | 1,610 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total other intangible assets | | $ | 658,410 | | $ | (433,108 | ) | | $ | 225,302 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
19
Fully amortized other intangible assets are not included in the above tables. For the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, amortization of other intangible assets was $28.0 million and $22.8 million, respectively.
Estimated future amortization expense related to other intangible assets at March 31, 2006 is as follows:
| | | |
| | (In thousands) |
2006 (remaining 9 months) | | | 77,256 |
2007 | | | 89,749 |
2008 | | | 34,224 |
2009 | | | 28,235 |
2010 | | | 17,322 |
2011 | | | 9,095 |
Thereafter | | | 11,164 |
| | | |
| | $ | 267,045 |
| | | |
Impairment of other intangible assets
During the three months ended March 31, 2006, VeriSign wrote off approximately $2.0 million of other intangible assets specifically related to abandoned technology acquired for a specific customer.
Note 7. Restricted Cash and Investments
As of March 31, 2006, restricted cash and investments includes $45.0 million of cash related to a trust established during 2004 for VeriSign’s director and officer liability self-insurance coverage. Additionally, as of March 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, VeriSign has pledged approximately $6.0 million as collateral for standby letters of credit that guarantee certain of its contractual obligations, primarily relating to its real estate lease agreements, the longest of which is expected to mature in 2014.
Note 8. Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income consists of net income adjusted for unrealized gains and losses on marketable securities classified as available-for-sale and foreign currency translation adjustments.
| | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Net income | | $ | 19,771 | | $ | 49,175 | |
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments, net of tax | | | 73 | | | (2,300 | ) |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | 1,032 | | | (1,372 | ) |
| | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income | | $ | 20,876 | | $ | 45,503 | |
| | | | | | | |
Note 9. Calculation of Net Income Per Share
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income (numerator) by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding (denominator) during the period. Diluted net income per share gives effect to dilutive common equivalent shares, including unvested stock options, employee stock purchases, unvested restricted stock and restricted stock units, and warrants using the treasury stock method.
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The following table represents the computation of basic and diluted net income per share:
| | | | | | |
| | Three months ended March 31, |
| | 2006 | | 2005 |
Net income: | | | | | | |
Net income from continuing operations | | $ | 18,993 | | $ | 45,160 |
Net income from discontinued operations | | | 778 | | | 4,015 |
| | | | | | |
Net income | | $ | 19,771 | | $ | 49,175 |
| | | | | | |
| | |
Weighted-average shares: | | | | | | |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding | | | 245,603 | | | 253,989 |
Weighted-average potential common shares outstanding: | | | | | | |
Stock options | | | 2,866 | | | 8,074 |
Employee stock purchases | | | 91 | | | 96 |
Unvested restricted stock and restricted stock units | | | 345 | | | 275 |
| | | | | | |
Shares used to compute diluted net income per share | | | 248,905 | | | 262,434 |
| | | | | | |
| | |
Net income per share: | | | | | | |
Basic: | | | | | | |
Net income from continuing operations | | $ | 0.08 | | $ | 0.18 |
Net income from discontinued operations | | | — | | | 0.01 |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 0.08 | | $ | 0.19 |
| | | | | | |
| | |
Diluted: | | | | | | |
Net income from continuing operations | | $ | 0.08 | | $ | 0.17 |
Net income from discontinued operations | | | — | | | 0.02 |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 0.08 | | $ | 0.19 |
| | | | | | |
For the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, VeriSign excluded 17,930,882 and 9,924,135 weighted-average stock options, respectively, with an exercise price that exceeded the average fair market value of VeriSign’s common stock for the period with a weighted-average exercise price of $46.61 and $75.05, respectively, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. Weighted-average potential common shares do not include stock options with an exercise price that exceeded the average fair market value of VeriSign’s common stock for the period.
Note 10. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal proceedings
VeriSign is engaged in complaints, lawsuits and investigations arising in the ordinary course of business. VeriSign believes that it has adequate legal defenses and that the ultimate outcome of these actions will not have a material effect on VeriSign’s condensed consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Indemnification
VeriSign enters into indemnification agreements with many of its customers and certain other business partners in the ordinary course of business. These agreements include provisions for indemnifying the customer against claims brought by third-parties that allege a VeriSign product infringes a patent, copyright or trademark, misappropriates a trade secret, or violates other proprietary rights of that third-party. These indemnification obligations are generally subject to limits as specified in the agreement. It is not possible to estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments VeriSign could be required to make under these indemnification agreements. To date, VeriSign has not incurred significant costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to indemnification agreements. VeriSign has not recorded any liabilities for these indemnification agreements at March 31, 2006 or December 31, 2005.
At the Company’s discretion and in the ordinary course of business, VeriSign subcontracts the performance of certain services. VeriSign enters into indemnification agreements that indemnify customers against damage caused by VeriSign’s employees and subcontractors. These indemnification obligations are generally subject to limits as specified in the
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agreement. It is not possible to estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments VeriSign could be required to make under these indemnification agreements. The Company maintains insurance policies that may enable VeriSign to recover a portion of any such claim. VeriSign has not incurred significant costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. VeriSign has not recorded any liabilities for these indemnification agreements at March 31, 2006 or December 31, 2005.
Note 11. Segment Information
Description of segments
VeriSign operates its business in two reportable segments: the Internet Services Group and the Communications Services Group.
The Internet Services Group consists of the Security Services business and Information Services business. The Security Services business provides products and services to enterprises and organizations that want to establish and deliver secure Internet-based services for their customers and business partners, including the following types of services: enterprise security services, including VeriSign’s managed security and authentication services, and e-commerce services, including Web trust services. The Information Services business provides registry services as the exclusive registry of domain names in the.comand ..netgTLDs and certain ccTLDs, as well as providing certain value added services.
The Communications Services Group provides specialized managed communications services to wireline and wireless telecommunications carriers, cable companies and enterprise customers. VeriSign’s managed communications service offerings include network services, intelligent database and directory services, application services, content services, and billing and payment services.
The segments were determined based primarily on how the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) views and evaluates VeriSign’s operations. VeriSign’s Chief Executive Officer has been identified as the CODM as defined by SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information.” Other factors, including customer base, homogeneity of products, technology and delivery channels, were also considered in determining the reportable segments. Additionally, the performance of the Internet Services Group and the Communications Services Group is the measure used by the CODM for purposes of making decisions about allocating resources between the segments.
The following table reflects the results of VeriSign’s reportable segments. Internal revenues and segment gross margin include transactions between segments that are intended to reflect an arm’s length transfer at the best price available for comparable external transactions.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Internet Services Group | | Communications Services Group | | Unallocated Corporate Expenses | | | Total Segments |
| | (In thousands) |
Three months ended March 31, 2006: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | | $ | 176,641 | | $ | 196,963 | | $ | — | | | $ | 373,604 |
Cost of revenues | | | 38,199 | | | 89,251 | | | 11,462 | | | | 138,912 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin | | $ | 138,442 | | $ | 107,712 | | $ | (11,462 | ) | | $ | 234,692 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | Internet Services Group | | Communications Services Group | | Unallocated Corporate Expenses | | | Total Segments |
| | (In thousands) |
Three months ended March 31, 2005: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues | | $ | 145,358 | | $ | 241,909 | | $ | — | | | $ | 387,267 |
Cost of revenues | | | 32,366 | | | 81,388 | | | 8,634 | | | | 122,388 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin | | $ | 112,992 | | $ | 160,521 | | $ | (8,634 | ) | | $ | 264,879 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Geographic information
| | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | 2006 | | 2005 |
| | (In thousands) |
Americas: | | | | | | |
United States | | $ | 262,255 | | $ | 214,112 |
Other (1) | | | 8,916 | | | 5,465 |
| | | | | | |
Total Americas | | | 271,171 | | | 219,577 |
EMEA (2) | | | 77,497 | | | 146,229 |
APAC (3) | | | 24,936 | | | 21,461 |
| | | | | | |
Total revenues | | $ | 373,604 | | $ | 387,267 |
| | | | | | |
(1) | Canada and Latin America |
(2) | Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”) |
(3) | Australia, Japan and Asia Pacific (“APAC”) |
VeriSign operates in the United States, Canada, Latin America, Europe, Japan, Australia, South Africa, and India. In general, revenues are attributed to the country in which the contract originated. However, revenues from all digital certificates issued from the Mountain View, California facility and domain names issued from the Dulles, Virginia facility are attributed to the United States because it is impracticable to determine the country of origin.
The following table shows a comparison of property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation by geographic region for each period presented:
| | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 |
| | (In thousands) |
Americas: | | | | | | |
United States | | $ | 532,511 | | $ | 529,412 |
Other | | | 1,162 | | | 670 |
| | | | | | |
Total Americas | | | 533,673 | | | 530,082 |
| | | | | | |
EMEA | | | 8,479 | | | 8,389 |
| | | | | | |
APAC | | | 14,853 | | | 14,565 |
| | | | | | |
Total long-lived assets | | $ | 557,005 | | $ | 553,036 |
| | | | | | |
Assets are not tracked by segment and the CODM does not evaluate segment performance based on asset utilization.
Note 12. Income Taxes
For the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, VeriSign recorded income tax expense of $24.6 million and $24.4 million, respectively.
VeriSign has not recorded a benefit for U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets due to the uncertainty of their realization. In assessing such realization, management considers whether, under SFAS 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of deferred tax assets will not be realized. The realization of deferred tax assets is based on several factors, including the Company’s past earnings and the scheduling of deferred tax liabilities and projected income from operating activities. As of March 31, 2006, VeriSign does not believe it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets relating to U.S. federal and state operations are realizable. However, depending on the Company’s continued ability to achieve profitability, and on the impact of SFAS 123R, it may have sufficient evidence in 2006 to conclude that realization of additional deferred tax assets is more likely than not and thus realize a tax benefit in 2006 from a reduction of its deferred tax asset valuation allowance.
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Note 13. Network Solutions
During the first quarter of 2006, Network Solutions repaid in full all amounts outstanding under the Secured Senior Promissory Note dated November 25, 2003. In addition, Network Solutions redeemed VeriSign’s 15% equity interest in Network Solutions. Net payments received by VeriSign were approximately $47.8 million. As a result of the redemption of the membership interests, VeriSign no longer owns equity interests in any Internet domain name registrars. See Note 15 for further information.
Note 14. Repurchase of Common Stock
2005 Stock Repurchase Program
On August 2, 2005, the Board of Directors of VeriSign authorized a $500 million stock repurchase program to purchase shares of VeriSign’s common stock on the open market, or in negotiated or block trades.
During the three months ended March 31, 2006, VeriSign settled its $250 million Accelerated Share Repurchase (“ASR”) agreement executed in the fourth quarter of 2005. As a result of settling the ASR, VeriSign received an additional 482,459 shares of its common stock.
During the three months ended March 31, 2006, VeriSign entered into a new $75.0 million ASR agreement to purchase approximately 3.2 million shares of its common stock at a price per share of approximately $23.70.
The following table sets forth the stock purchases made under the 2005 stock repurchase program during the three months ended March 31, 2006.
| | | | |
| | 2006 | |
| | (In thousands, except per share data) | |
Three months ended: | | | | |
Shares repurchased | | | 3,647 | |
Average purchase price per share | | $ | 23.50 | (1) |
Aggregate purchase price | | $ | 75,000 | |
(1) | Based on volume weighted average prices of repurchases. |
At March 31, 2006, approximately $44.7 million remained available for future repurchases under the 2005 stock repurchase program.
2001 Stock Repurchase Program
In 2001, the Board of Directors of VeriSign authorized the use of up to $350 million to repurchase shares of VeriSign’s common stock on the open market, or in negotiated or block trades. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, no shares were repurchased.
VeriSign completed the 2001 stock repurchase program during the third quarter of 2005.
Note 15. Other Income, Net
The following table presents the components of other income, net for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005:
| | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 |
| | (In thousands) |
Interest income | | $ | 7,623 | | | $ | 7,008 |
Net gain on sale of investments, net of impairments | | | 21,274 | | | | 96 |
Other, net | | | (100 | ) | | | 8,173 |
| | | | | | | |
Total other income, net | | $ | 28,797 | | | $ | 15,277 |
| | | | | | | |
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Interest income is derived principally from the investment of VeriSign’s surplus cash balances. Net gain on sale of investment for the three months ended March 31, 2006 includes approximately $21.3 million of gain on sale of VeriSign’s remaining equity stake, in Network Solutions, that was previously written off. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, VeriSign recorded approximately $6.0 million of other income related to a litigation settlement with a telecommunications carrier.
Note 16. Subsequent Events
On April 10, 2006, VeriSign entered into a 90-day term loan credit facility for $200 million to be used for general corporate purposes including mergers and acquisitions and stock repurchases. This facility contains financial covenants requiring us to maintain minimum leverage and interest coverage ratios as well as other non-financial covenants. Under this facility, VeriSign has the option to pay interest based on the Base Rate or Eurodollar Rate plus a spread. As a result, VeriSign’s interest expense associated with borrowings under this credit facility will vary with market interest rates. The Company borrowed $100 million in April 2006 against this credit facility.
On May 1, 2006, VeriSign completed its acquisition of m-Qube, Inc., a Watertown, Massachusetts-based mobile channel enabler that helps companies develop, deliver and bill for mobile content, applications and messaging services. VeriSign paid a net purchase price of approximately $250 million for the acquisition.
From time to time, in order to manage its working capital needs, VeriSign may enter into transactions under a repurchase agreement with a financial institution. These repurchase agreements are collateralized short-term loans for which the collateral may be a Treasury security or federal agency security held by the Company. In April 2006, the Company entered into such a transaction for approximately $74 million.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Forward-Looking Statements
You should read the following discussion in conjunction with the interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes.
Except for historical information, this Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, including, among other things, statements regarding our anticipated costs and expenses and revenue mix. Forward-looking statements include, among others, those statements including the words “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “believes” and similar language. Our actual results may differ significantly from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the section “Factors That May Affect Future Results of Operations.” You should carefully review the risks described in other documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q or Current Reports on Form 8-K that we file in 2006 and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, which was filed on March 13, 2006. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to publicly release any revisions to the forward-looking statements or reflect events or circumstances after the date of this document.
Overview
VeriSign, Inc. is a leading provider of intelligent infrastructure services that enable and protect billions of interactions everyday across the world’s voice and data networks. Our business consists of two reportable segments: the Internet Services Group and the Communications Services Group.
During the first quarter of 2006, growth in domain name registrations and renewals and increased IT spending and e-commerce activity in the U.S. and Europe led to growth in revenues and deferred revenues for our Internet Services Group. The Internet Services Group recorded revenues of $176.6 million during the first quarter. Communications Services Group revenues for the period were $197.0 million. Content services contributed approximately $77.5 million of revenues to the Communications Services Group’s results. Revenues from communications services, which include our network services and database products, and revenues from commerce services, which include our billing and payments services and clearing and settlement services, together accounted for $119.4 million of the Communications Services Group’s revenues in the period.
We derive the majority of our revenues and cash flows from a relatively small number of products and services sold primarily in the United States, Europe and Japan. In the Internet Services Group, more than 94% of the revenues during the first quarter of 2006 were derived from the sale of registry services, managed authentication and security services, and web certificates. In the Communications Services Group, approximately 80% of the revenues were derived from the sale of content services, signaling services, SS7 connectivity, billing services, and calling name services during the same period.
Critical accounting policies and significant management estimates
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates, including those related to stock-based compensation, revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, long-lived assets, restructuring, royalty liabilities, and deferred taxes. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily available from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements:
Stock-based compensation
Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the provisions of, and accounted for stock-based compensation in accordance with, the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No.
26
123R (“SFAS 123R”), “Share-Based Payment”. We elected the modified prospective application method, under which prior periods are not revised for comparative purposes. The valuation provisions of SFAS 123R apply to new grants and to grants that were outstanding as of the effective date and are subsequently modified. For stock-based awards granted on or after January 1, 2006, we will amortize stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. Estimated compensation for grants that were outstanding as of the effective date will be recognized over the remaining service period using the compensation costs estimated for the SFAS No. 123 pro forma disclosures.
We currently use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options and employee stock purchase plan shares. The determination of the fair value of stock-based awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. These variables include our expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends.
We estimate the expected term of options granted based on observed and expected time to post-vesting exercise and/or cancellations. Expected volatility is based on the combination of historical volatility of our common stock over the period commensurate with the expected life of the options and the mean historical implied volatility from traded options. We base the risk-free interest rate that we use in the option pricing model on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with remaining terms similar to the expected term on the options. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future and therefore use an expected dividend yield of zero in the option pricing model. We are required to estimate forfeitures at the time of grant and revise those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. We use historical data to estimate pre-vesting option forfeitures and record stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest. All stock-based awards are amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which are generally the vesting periods.
If factors change and we employ different assumptions for estimating stock-based compensation expense in future periods or if we decide to use a different valuation model, the future periods may differ significantly from what we have recorded in the current period and could materially affect our operating income, net income and net income per share.
The Black-Scholes option-pricing model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable, characteristics not present in our option grants and employee stock purchase plan shares. Existing valuation models, including the Black-Scholes and lattice binomial models, may not provide reliable measures of the fair values of our stock-based compensation. Consequently, there is a risk that our estimates of the fair values of our stock-based compensation awards on the grant dates may bear little resemblance to the actual values realized upon the exercise, expiration, early termination or forfeiture of those stock-based payments in the future. Certain stock-based payments, such as employee stock options, may expire worthless or otherwise result in zero intrinsic value as compared to the fair values originally estimated on the grant date and reported in our financial statements. Alternatively, value may be realized from these instruments that are significantly higher than the fair values originally estimated on the grant date and reported in our financial statements. There currently is no market-based mechanism or other practical application to verify the reliability and accuracy of the estimates stemming from these valuation models, nor is there a means to compare and adjust the estimates to actual values.
The guidance in SFAS 123R and SAB 107 is relatively new. The application of these principles may be subject to further interpretation and refinement over time. There are significant differences among valuation models, and there is a possibility that we will adopt different valuation models in the future. This may result in a lack of consistency in future periods and materially affect the fair value estimate of stock-based payments. It may also result in a lack of comparability with other companies that use different models, methods and assumptions.
Stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options, restricted stock awards and employee stock purchases recognized under SFAS 123R for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was $15.1 million.
See Note 2 of our condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding the SFAS 123R disclosures.
Other Critical Accounting Estimates
We have made no material changes to our other critical accounting policies, which are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.
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Results of Operations
Revenues
We have two reportable segments: the Internet Services Group and the Communications Services Group. A comparison of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 is presented below.
| | | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Three months ended: | | | | | | | | | |
Internet Services Group | | $ | 176,641 | | $ | 145,358 | | 22 | % |
Communications Services Group | | | 196,963 | | | 241,909 | | (19 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | $ | 373,604 | | $ | 387,267 | | (4 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | |
Internet Services Group
Internet Services Group revenues increased $31.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, primarily due to an increase in our information services revenues of $18.9 million as a result of an increase in the number of active domain names ending in .com and .net under management. In addition, our security services revenues increased $12.4 million for the period, as a result of increased managed security services revenues and as a result of a higher installed base of digital certificates.
The following table compares active domain names ending in.com and.net managed by our naming and directory services business and the approximate installed base of Web site digital certificates in our commerce site services business as of March 31, 2006 and 2005:
| | | | | | | |
| | March 31, | | % Change | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Active domain names ending in.com and.net | | 54.0 million | | 41.4 million | | 30 | % |
Installed base of Web site digital certificates | | 508,000 | | 462,000 | | 10 | % |
We expect Internet Services Group revenues will continue to grow during the second quarter of 2006 as demand for our information services and security services is expected to grow.
Communications Services Group
Communications Services Group revenues decreased approximately $44.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period last year, primarily due to a decrease in revenues of $65.5 million from content services. Commerce revenues, which include our billing and payments services and clearing and settlement services, increased approximately $4.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, compared with the same period last year, due to carrier subscriber growth partially offset by consolidation of certain clearing services customers and reduced pricing on contracts. Revenues from network services and database products, increased approximately $15.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, compared with the same period last year, as a result of an overall increase in transaction volumes offset by lower prices for some services.
The following table shows a comparison of the approximate number of quarterly database queries as of March 31, 2006 and 2005:
| | | | | | | |
| | March 31, | | % Change | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
Quarterly database queries | | 14.9 billion | | 12.8 billion | | 16 | % |
Compared to the first quarter of 2006, we expect Communication Services Group revenues to remain flat during the second quarter.
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Revenues by Geographic Region
Our revenues are broken out into three geographic regions consisting of the Americas, EMEA and APAC. The following tables show a comparison of our revenues by geographic region for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended March 31, | | % Change | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Americas: | | | | | | | | | |
United States | | $ | 262,255 | | $ | 214,112 | | 22 | % |
Other (1) | | | 8,916 | | | 5,465 | | 63 | % |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total Americas | | | 271,171 | | | 219,577 | | 23 | % |
EMEA (2) | | | 77,497 | | | 146,229 | | (47 | )% |
APAC (3) | | | 24,936 | | | 21,461 | | 16 | % |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total revenues | | $ | 373,604 | | $ | 387,267 | | (4 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | |
(1) | Canada and Latin America |
(2) | Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”) |
(3) | Australia, Japan and Asia Pacific (“APAC”) |
Revenues increased $51.6 million in the Americas region in the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period last year, primarily due to increased information services and content services revenues in the U.S. Revenues in the EMEA region decreased $68.7 million in the same period primarily due to a decrease in revenues from our content services business. APAC revenues increased $3.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period last year, primarily due to growth in our content services business in the APAC region.
Cost of revenues
Cost of revenues consists primarily of content licensing costs, carrier costs for our SS7 and IP-based networks, costs related to providing digital certificate enrollment and issuance services, billing services, operational costs for the domain name registration business, customer support and training, consulting and development services, operational costs related to the management and monitoring of our clients’ network security infrastructures, and costs of facilities and computer equipment used in these activities.
We expect cost of revenues to increase in absolute dollars in the second quarter of 2006 as compared to the first quarter. We expect cost of revenues as a percentage of revenues to remain flat during the second quarter of 2006.
A comparison of cost of revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 is presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | % Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Three months ended: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of revenues | | $ | 138,912 | | | $ | 122,388 | | | 14 | % |
Percentage of revenues | | | 37 | % | | | 32 | % | | | |
Employee headcount | | | 1,884 | | | | 1,447 | | | | |
Cost of revenues increased $16.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period last year, primarily due to an increase in salary and employee benefit costs of approximately $13.1 million from increased headcount related to content services and acquisitions and stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options and employee stock purchases recorded in accordance with SFAS 123R. Contract and professional services expenses increased $7.9 million primarily due to increased use of our third party customer support services and increased use of outside services to support new product initiatives. Equipment and software related expenses increased approximately $2.7 million primarily due to an increase in hardware maintenance costs, software licenses and depreciation expense. Retailer commissions relating to content services increased $2.3 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in direct cost of revenues of approximately $8.7 million related to our content services business due to a decrease in revenues.
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As a percentage of revenues, cost of revenues increased for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period last year primarily due to the increase in cost of revenues coupled with the decrease in revenues.
Sales and marketing
Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of costs related to sales, marketing, and policy activities. These expenses include salaries, sales commissions, sales operations and other personnel-related expenses, travel and related expenses, trade shows, costs of lead generation, costs of computer and communications equipment and support services, facilities costs, consulting fees and costs of marketing programs, such as Internet, television, radio, print, and direct mail advertising costs.
We expect sales and marketing expenses to decrease in absolute dollars and decrease as a percentage of revenues during the second quarter of 2006.
A comparison of sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 is presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | % Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Three months ended: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sales and marketing | | $ | 90,387 | | | $ | 126,181 | | | (28 | )% |
Percentage of revenues | | | 24 | % | | | 33 | % | | | |
Employee headcount | | | 846 | | | | 672 | | | | |
Sales and marketing expenses decreased approximately $35.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period last year primarily due to a decrease in content services advertising and marketing spending of approximately $34.5 million. Corporate marketing expenses decreased approximately $2.2 million due to a decrease in corporate brand advertising. Printing expenses decreased approximately $1.4 million. These increases were partially offset by an increase in salary and employee benefit costs of approximately $3.1 million attributable to stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options and employee stock purchases recorded during the quarter in accordance with SFAS 123R. Employee headcount increased during the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period last year as a result of additional employees from our business acquisitions.
As a percentage of revenues, sales and marketing expenses decreased for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period last year primarily due to decreased advertising and marketing spending during the first quarter of 2006.
Research and development
Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs related to research and development personnel, including salaries and other personnel-related expenses, consulting fees and the costs of facilities, computer and communications equipment and support services used in service and technology development.
We believe that continued development of new and enhanced services and technologies are necessary to maintain our leadership position in the marketplace. Accordingly, we intend to continue to recruit experienced research and development personnel both domestically and internationally and to make other investments in research and development. We expect research and development expenses to increase modestly in absolute dollars and increase as a percentage of revenues during the second quarter of 2006.
A comparison of research and development expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 is presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | % Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Three months ended: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development | | $ | 28,033 | | | $ | 20,199 | | | 39 | % |
Percentage of revenues | | | 8 | % | | | 5 | % | | | |
Employee headcount | | | 818 | | | | 446 | | | | |
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Research and development expenses increased approximately $7.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period last year primarily as a result of an increase of approximately $7.7 million in salary and employee benefit costs attributable to an increase in the number of employees in the Communication Services Group. Stock-based compensation expense increased approximately $2.1 million due to our adoption of SFAS 123R during the current quarter.
As a percentage of revenues, research and development expenses increased for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period last year primarily due to an increase in salary and employee benefit costs attributable to an increase in the number of employees.
General and administrative
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and other personnel-related expenses for our executive, administrative, legal, finance, information technology and human resources personnel, facilities, computer and communications equipment, management information systems, support services, professional services fees, certain tax and license fees and bad debt expense.
We expect general and administrative expenses to remain flat in absolute dollars and as a percentage of overall revenues during the second quarter of 2006.
A comparison of general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 is presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | % Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Three months ended: | | | | | | | | | | | |
General and administrative | | $ | 58,493 | | | $ | 42,099 | | | 39 | % |
Percentage of revenues | | | 16 | % | | | 11 | % | | | |
Employee headcount | | | 802 | | | | 567 | | | | |
General and administrative expenses increased approximately $16.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period last year. Salary and employee benefit costs increased approximately $9.6 million due to an increase in the general and administrative employee headcount coupled with the increase in stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options and employee stock purchases as required under SFAS 123R. Rent expense increased approximately $3.3 million primarily attributable to leases on new facilities. Contract and professional services increased approximately $3.2 million compared to the same period last year, primarily due to an increase in services related to audit, tax and Sarbanes-Oxley compliance. Depreciation expense increased $1.6 million primarily due to depreciation related to hardware and software placed in service during the third and fourth quarters of 2005.
As a percentage of revenues, general and administrative expenses increased for the three months ended March 31, 2006 compared to the same period last year primarily due to the increase in general and administrative expenses coupled with the decrease in revenues.
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Restructuring and other (reversals) charges
Below is a comparison of the restructuring and other charges for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended March 31, | | | % Change | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
2003 Restructuring Plan charges (reversals) | | $ | 834 | | $ | (2,083 | ) | | 140 | % |
2002 Restructuring Plan charges | | | 625 | | | 208 | | | 200 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 1,459 | | $ | (1,875 | ) | | 178 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | |
The changes in restructuring and other charges (reversals) are primarily due to the timing of our restructuring initiatives.
2003 Restructuring Plan. In November 2003, we initiated a restructuring plan related to the sale of our Network Solutions business and the realignment of other business units. During the three months ended March 31, 2006, we recorded restructuring charges of approximately $1.0 million for non-cancelable lease costs relating to abandoned excess facilities. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, we recorded a net reversal of $2.0 million related to excess facilities primarily in connection with a decision to utilize and build a facility that we had treated as abandoned under our 2003 restructuring plan and for which we had previously recorded a restructuring charge.
2002 Restructuring Plan. In April 2002, we initiated a restructuring plan to restructure our operations to rationalize, integrate and align resources. During the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005, we adjusted our sublease income estimate resulting in additional restructuring charges for abandoned excess facilities.
Amortization of other intangible assets
A comparison of amortization of other intangible assets for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 is presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | % Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Three months ended: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Amortization of other intangible assets | | $ | 28,000 | | | $ | 22,840 | | | 23 | % |
Percentage of revenues | | | 7 | % | | | 6 | % | | | |
SFAS No. 142 requires that purchased goodwill and certain indefinite-lived intangibles be tested for impairment on at least an annual basis. SFAS No. 144 requires that long-lived assets, including intangible assets with finite lives, be reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that there has been a decline in the fair value of an asset.
We completed our last annual impairment testing in the second quarter of 2005. There was no impairment charge for goodwill and other intangible assets from the annual impairment test conducted in June 2005.
Amortization of other intangible assets increased approximately $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period last year primarily due to amortization related to intangible assets acquired in our business combinations over the past twelve months.
Subsequent to our press release announcing financial results on April 20, 2006, we reversed a $4.1 million charge related to the purchase price allocation of one of our acquisitions during the three months ended March 31, 2006 that was included in amortization and impairment of other intangible assets. Income from continuing operations before income taxes and diluted net income per share from continuing operations are $43.6 million and $0.08, respectively, rather than $40.3 million and $0.06, respectively, as previously announced.
Impairment of other intangible assets
During the three months ended March 31, 2006, we wrote off approximately $2.0 million of intangible assets specifically related to abandoned technology acquired for a specific customer.
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Acquired in-process research and development
During the three months ended March 31, 2006, we wrote off $10.9 million of in-process research and development (“IPR&D”). The IPR&D was primarily related to our acquisition of Kontiki. At the date of the acquisition, the projects associated with the IPR&D efforts had not yet reached technological feasibility and the research and development in process had no alternative future uses. Accordingly, these amounts were charged to expense on the acquisition date.
Minority interest
Minority interest represents the portion of net income belonging to minority shareholders of our consolidated subsidiaries.
A comparison of minority interest for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 is presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | | % Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Three months ended: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Minority interest | | $ | (647 | ) | | $ | (1,128 | ) | | 43 | % |
Minority interest increased during the three months ended March 31, 2006 primarily from increased net income from our VeriSign Japan subsidiary.
Other income, net
Other income, net consists primarily of interest earned on our cash, cash equivalents, and investments, gains and losses on the sale or impairment of equity investments, and the net effect of foreign currency gains and losses.
A comparison of other income, net for the three months ended March 31, 2006 and 2005 is presented below:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | | 2005 | | % Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Three months ended: | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | $ | 7,623 | | | $ | 7,008 | | 9 | % |
Net gain on sale of investments, net of impairments | | | 21,274 | | | | 96 | | 22,060 | % |
Other, net | | | (100 | ) | | | 8,173 | | (101 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total other income, net | | | 28,797 | | | | 15,277 | | 88 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Other income, net increased approximately $13.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006 as compared to the same period last year. Net gain on sale of investments increased approximately $21.3 million primarily due to a gain on the sale of the remaining equity stake held by us in Network Solutions. Interest income increased approximately $0.6 million primarily as a result of higher cash balances and slightly higher interest rates as compared to the same period last year. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, we recorded approximately $6.0 million of other income related to a litigation settlement with a telecommunications carrier.
Income tax expense
For the quarter ended March 31, 2006, we recorded income tax expense of $24.6 million, compared to $24.4 million for the same period in 2005. The increase is attributed to the increase of cumulative temporary differences including those resulting from the adoption of SFAS 123R, the non-renewal by Congress of the research and development credit, and the write-off of IPR&D from acquisitions.
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of deferred tax assets will not be realized. The realization of deferred tax assets is based on several factors, including our past earnings and the scheduling of deferred tax liabilities and projected income from operating activities. As of March 31, 2006, management does not believe it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets relating to U.S. federal and state operations are realizable. However, depending on our continued ability to achieve profitability, and on the impact of SFAS 123R, we may have sufficient evidence in 2006 to conclude that realization of additional deferred tax assets is more likely than not and thus realize a tax benefit in that period from a reduction of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance.
We follow FASB Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 18,“Accounting for Income Taxes in Interim Periods,” and APB 28,“Interim Financial Reporting” for our quarterly income tax provision. Accordingly, management’s guidance regarding the effects of the realizability of the deferred tax assets on continuing operations and additional paid-in capital remain materially unchanged from the guidance provided in Note 12, “Income Taxes,” in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
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2005. As such, if the valuation allowance relating to deferred tax assets were released as of December 31, 2005, approximately $237.7 million would be credited to the statement of operations and $101.2 million would be credited to additional paid-in capital. However, management would continue to apply a valuation $55.8 million to the deferred tax asset relating to the write-down of investments, due to the limited carryover life of such tax attributes. Management would continue to apply a valuation allowance of $8.3 million to the deferred tax asset relating to certain foreign operations.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
| | | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, 2006 | | December 31, 2005 | | % Change | |
| | (Dollars in thousands) | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 431,250 | | $ | 476,826 | | (10 | )% |
Short-term investments | | | 328,183 | | | 378,006 | | (13 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | |
Subtotal | | $ | 759,433 | | $ | 854,832 | | (11 | )% |
Restricted cash and investments | | | 50,972 | | | 50,972 | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 810,405 | | $ | 905,804 | | (11 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | |
At March 31, 2006, our principal source of liquidity was $759.4 million of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, consisting principally of commercial paper, medium term investment-grade corporate notes, corporate bonds and notes, U.S. government and agency securities and money market funds.
Net cash provided by operating activities
Net cash provided by operating activities of approximately $93.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 consisted of net income of $19.8 million adjusted for non-cash items totaling $55.9 million, including depreciation and amortization of property and equipment of approximately $24.4 million, amortization of other intangible assets of approximately $28.0 million, impairment of other intangible assets of $2.0 million, acquired in-process research and development charges of approximately $10.9 million, stock-based compensation of $15.1 million, gain on sale of investments of approximately $21.3 million, and approximately $18.1 million provided by changes in operating assets and liabilities.
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities of approximately $97.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was primarily attributed to net cash paid in business combinations of $166.5 million, purchases of property and equipment of $26.8 million, partially offset by net sales of investments of $47.7 million and payment received on the Network Solutions note receivable of $47.8 million.
Net cash used in financing activities
Net cash used in financing activities of approximately $40.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was primarily related to repurchases of common stock of $75.0 million, offset by proceeds of approximately $29.9 million from issuance of common stock from option exercises and our employee stock purchase plan and excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation of $5.8 million.
Net cash provided by discontinued operations
Net cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006 was primarily from changes in operating assets and liabilities of approximately $1.4 million offset by net income related to our discontinued payment gateway business of $0.8 million. Net cash provided by operating activities from discontinued operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005 was primarily from net income from discontinued operations of approximately $4.0 million and changes in operating assets and liabilities of $1.1 million.
Other Liquidity and Capital Resources information
On April 10, 2006, we entered into a 90-day term loan credit facility for $200 million to be used for general corporate purposes including mergers and acquisitions and stock repurchases. This facility contains financial covenants requiring us to maintain a minimum leverage and interest coverage ratios as well as other non-financial covenants. Under this facility, we have the option to pay interest based on the Base Rate or Eurodollar Rate plus a spread. As a result, our interest expense associated with borrowings under this credit facility will vary with market interest rates. We borrowed $100 million in April 2006 against this credit facility.
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From time to time, in order to manage its working capital needs, we may enter into transactions under a repurchase agreement with a financial institution. These repurchase agreements are collateralized short-term loans for which the collateral may be a Treasury security or federal agency security held by us. In April 2006, we entered into such a transaction for approximately $74 million.
Our planned capital property and equipment expenditures for 2006 are anticipated to total approximately $140 million, of which we spent approximately $26.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006, primarily for computer and communications equipment and computer software within all areas of the Company. Our most significant expenditures will be focused on productivity, cost improvement and market development initiatives for the Internet Services Group and the Communications Services Group. Other capital property and equipment expenditures will be for productivity and cost improvement initiatives for corporate services.
Future operating lease payments include payments related to leases on excess facilities included in our restructuring plans. The restructuring liability is included on the balance sheet as accrued restructuring costs. Amounts related to the lease terminations due to the abandonment of excess facilities will be paid over the respective lease terms, the longest of which extends through 2014. If sublease rates decrease in these markets, or if it takes longer than expected to sublease these facilities, the actual lease expense could exceed this estimate by an additional $18.6 million over the next eight years relating to our restructuring plans. Cash payments totaling approximately $37.9 million related to the abandonment of excess facilities will be paid over the next eight years. See Note 5 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
On August 2, 2005, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase program to use up to $500 million to repurchase our common stock on the open market, or in negotiated or block trades. During the three months ended March 31, 2006, 3,647,016 shares were repurchased at an aggregate cost of $75.0 million. At March 31, 2006, approximately $44.7 million remained available for future repurchases under this program.
We believe existing cash and short-term investments, together with funds generated from operations should be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements. Our philosophy regarding the maintenance of a balance sheet with a large component of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments reflects our views on potential future capital requirements relating to expansion of our businesses, acquisitions, and share repurchases. We regularly assess our cash management approach and activities in view of our current and potential future needs.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company’s market risk profile has not changed significantly from that described in its annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.
Equity investments
We invest in debt and equity securities of technology companies for investment purposes. In most instances, we invest in the equity and debt securities of private companies for which there is no public market, and therefore, carry a high level of risk. These companies are typically in the early stage of development and are expected to incur substantial losses in the near-term. Therefore, these companies may never become publicly traded. Even if they do, an active trading market for their securities may never develop and we may never realize any return on these investments. During the three months ended March 31, 2006, we determined that there were no other-than-temporary declines in the value of our non-public equity investments. During the three months ended March 31, 2005, we determined that the decline in the fair value of certain of our non-public equity investments was other-than-temporary and recorded impairments totaling $0.8 million. Due to the inherent risks associated with investments, we may incur future losses on the sale or impairment of our investments.
Interest rate sensitivity
The primary objective of our cash and investment management activities is to preserve principal with the additional goals of maintaining appropriate liquidity and driving after-tax returns. Some of the securities that we have invested in may be subject to interest rate risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the principal amount of the investment to fluctuate. For example, if we hold a security that was issued with a fixed interest rate at the then-prevailing rate and the prevailing interest rate later rises, the principal amount of our investment will probably decline in value. To minimize interest rate risk, we maintain our portfolio of cash equivalents, short-term investments and long-term investments in a variety of securities, including commercial paper, medium-term notes, corporate bonds and notes, U.S. government and
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agency securities and money market funds. In general, money market funds are not subject to interest rate risk because the interest paid on such funds fluctuates with the prevailing interest rate. As of March 31, 2006, 54% of our investments subject to interest rate risk mature in less than one year. If market interest rates were to increase immediately and uniformly by 10 percent from levels at March 31, 2006, this would not materially change the fair market value of our portfolio.
The following table presents the amounts of our cash equivalents and short-term investments that are subject to interest rate risk by range of expected maturity and weighted-average interest rates as of March 31, 2006. This table does not include money market funds because those funds are not subject to interest rate risk.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Maturing in | | | Total | | Estimated Fair Value |
| | Six Months or Less | | | Six Months to One Year | | | More than One Year | | | |
| | (In thousands) |
Included in cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 37,593 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 37,593 | | $ | 37,593 |
Weighted-average interest rate | | | 4.57 | % | | | — | | | | — | | | | | | | |
Included in short-term investments | | $ | 108,290 | | | $ | 80,257 | | | $ | 144,287 | | | $ | 332,834 | | $ | 328,183 |
Weighted-average interest rate | | | 3.51 | % | | | 4.00 | % | | | 4.10 | % | | | | | | |
Included in restricted cash | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 50,972 | | | $ | 50,972 | | $ | 50,972 |
Weighted-average interest rate | | | — | | | | — | | | | 3.86 | % | | | | | | |
Foreign exchange risk management
We conduct business throughout the world and transact in multiple foreign currencies. As we continue to expand our international operations we are increasingly exposed to currency exchange rate risks. In the fourth quarter of 2003, we initiated a foreign currency risk management program designed to mitigate foreign exchange risks associated with the monetary assets and liabilities of our operations that are denominated in non-functional currencies. The primary objective of this hedging program is to minimize the gains and losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates. We do not enter into foreign currency transactions for trading or speculative purposes, nor do we hedge foreign currency exposures in a manner that entirely offsets the effects of changes in exchange rates. The program may entail the use of forward or option contracts and, in each case, these contracts are limited to a duration of less than 12 months.
At March 31, 2006, we held forward contracts in notional amounts totaling approximately $107.1 million to mitigate the impact of exchange rate fluctuations associated with certain foreign currencies. All forward contracts are recorded at fair market value. We attempt to limit our exposure to credit risk by executing foreign exchange contracts with high-quality financial institutions.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as of March 31, 2006, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in this report was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms for this report.
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal controls will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within VeriSign have been detected.
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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
On September 7, 2001, NetMoneyIN, an Arizona corporation, filed a complaint alleging patent infringement against VeriSign and several other previously-named defendants in the United States District Court for the District of Arizona asserting infringement of U.S. patent Nos. 5,822,737 and 5,963,917. NetMoneyIN amended its complaint on October 15, 2002, alleging infringement by VeriSign and several other defendants of a third U.S. patent (No. 6,381,584) in addition to the two patents previously asserted. On August 27, 2003, NetMoneyIN filed a third amended complaint alleging direct infringement of the same three patents by VeriSign and several other previously-named defendants. NetMoneyIN dropped its claim of active inducement of infringement by VeriSign. Some of the other current defendants include IBM, BA Merchant Services, Wells Fargo Bank, Cardservice International, InfoSpace, E-Commerce Exchange and Paymentech. VeriSign filed an answer denying any infringement and asserting that the three asserted patents are invalid and later filed an amended answer asserting, in addition, that the asserted patents are unenforceable due to inequitable conduct before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. The complaint alleged that VeriSign’s Payflow payment products and services directly infringe certain claims of NetMoneyIN’s three patents and requested the Court to enter judgment in favor of NetMoneyIN, a permanent injunction against the defendants’ alleged infringing activities, an order requiring defendants to provide an accounting for NetMoneyIN’s damages, to pay NetMoneyIN such damages and three times that amount for any willful infringers, and an order awarding NetMoneyIN attorney fees and costs. NetMoneyIN has withdrawn its allegations of infringement of the ‘584 patent and the Court has dismissed with prejudice all claims of infringement of the ‘584 patent. Fact discovery is now closed, and the Court has issued its ruling on the claim construction issues. In its ruling, the Court has found four of the five claims asserted against VeriSign, claims 1, 13 and 14 of the ‘737 patent and claim 1 of the ‘917 patent, invalid. NetMoneyIN may request reconsideration of this ruling by the Court prior to November 3, 2005, or may file an appeal after a final judgment seeking to overturn this ruling. Thus, only claim 23 of the ‘737 patent remains in the case. VeriSign and several other defendants have filed motions seeking partial summary judgment of no indirect infringement under 35 U.S.C. Sections 271 b and 271 c (i.e., no inducement of others to infringe and no contributory infringement). In response to these motions, the plaintiff has filed a motion seeking leave of the Court to amend its complaint to add a new claim of indirect infringement under 35 U.S.C. Section 271 b (inducement) against VeriSign and the other defendants. Briefing on these motions is completed and a hearing has been scheduled for May 22, 2006. The Court recently granted the defendants’ motion to strike certain of the Plaintiff’s assertions of infringement, including all charges of infringement under the so-called “doctrine of equivalents.”. Expert witness discovery is proceeding. While we cannot predict the outcome of this lawsuit, VeriSign believes that the allegations are without merit.
Beginning in May of 2002, several class action complaints were filed against VeriSign and certain of its current and former officers and directors in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. These actions were consolidated under the heading In re VeriSign, Inc. Securities Litigation, Case No. C-02-2270 JW(HRL), on July 26, 2002. The consolidated action seeks unspecified damages for alleged violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, on behalf of a class of persons who purchased VeriSign stock from January 25, 2001 through April 25, 2002. An amended consolidated complaint was filed on November 8, 2002. On April 14, 2003, the court granted in part and denied in part the defendants’ motion to dismiss the amended and consolidated complaint. On May 5, 2004, plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint that was substantially identical to the amended consolidated complaint except that it purported to add a claim under Sections 11 and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933 on behalf of a subclass of persons who acquired shares of VeriSign pursuant to the registration statement and prospectus filed October 10, 2001 and amended October 26, 2001 for the acquisition of Illuminet Holdings, Inc. by VeriSign. Plaintiffs’ second amended class action complaint was dismissed by the court on November 2, 2005 for failure to adequately plead loss causation. Plaintiffs were given leave to file an amended complaint. Plaintiffs filed a third amended class action Complaint on December 22, 2005. Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the third amended complaint. On April 6, 2006, that motion was granted in part and denied in part. Plaintiffs have until May 12, 2006 to file an amended complaint.
Parallel derivative actions have also been filed against certain of VeriSign’s current and former officers and directors in state courts in California and Delaware. VeriSign is named as a nominal defendant in these actions. Several of these derivative actions were filed in Santa Clara County Superior Court of California and these actions have since been consolidated under the heading In re VeriSign, Inc. Derivative Litigation, Case No. CV 807719.
The consolidated derivative action seeks unspecified damages for alleged breaches of fiduciary duty and violations of the California Corporations Code. Defendants’ demurrer to these claims was granted with leave to amend on February 4, 2003. Plaintiffs have indicated their intention to file an amended complaint. Another derivative action was filed in the Court of Chancery New Castle County, Delaware, Case No. 19700-NC, alleging similar breaches of fiduciary duty. Defendants’ motion to dismiss these claims was granted by the Court of Chancery with prejudice on September 30, 2003.
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VeriSign and the individual defendants dispute all of these claims.
On August 27, 2004, VeriSign filed a lawsuit against ICANN in the Superior Court of the State of California Los Angeles County. The lawsuit alleges that ICANN breached its.com Registry Agreement with VeriSign, including, without limitation, by overstepping its contractual authority and improperly attempting to regulate our business. The complaint seeks, among other things, specific performance of the.com Registry Agreement, an injunction prohibiting ICANN from improperly regulating VeriSign, and monetary damages. On November 12, 2004, ICANN filed an answer denying VeriSign’s claims and a cross-complaint against VeriSign for declaratory relief and breach of the .com Registry Agreement, alleging that VeriSign’s introduction of new services breached the .com Agreement. ICANN seeks a declaration from the court that it has acted in compliance with the parties’ contractual obligations with regard to the .com registry; that VeriSign has breached the parties’ agreement through VeriSign’s actions with respect to, among other things, SiteFinder; and that ICANN has the right to terminate the.com registry agreement if VeriSign offers “Registry Services” without ICANN’s approval, including among others SiteFinder. On December 28, 2004, VeriSign filed an answer denying the claims in ICANN’s cross-complaint and a cross-complaint against ICANN for breach of contract, violation of the unfair competition laws, and declaratory relief, alleging, among other things, that ICANN’s accreditation of “thread” registrars is improper and causes direct injury to VeriSign. On February 14, 2005, ICANN filed an answer to VeriSign’s cross-complaint denying VeriSign’s allegations.
On or about November 12, 2004, ICANN filed a Request for Arbitration before the International Chamber of Commerce International Court of Arbitration (the “ICC”) alleging that VeriSign violated its 2001.net Registry Agreement with ICANN when, among other things, VeriSign operated the SiteFinder service without ICANN approval. ICANN seeks a declaration from the ICC that it has acted in compliance with the parties’ contractual obligations with regard to the .net registry; that VeriSign has breached the parties’ agreement through VeriSign’s actions with respect to, among other things, SiteFinder; and that ICANN has the right to terminate the.net registry agreement if VeriSign offers “Registry Services” without ICANN’s approval, including among others SiteFinder. ICANN also seeks a declaration that, in evaluating VeriSign’s bid to become the “successor” registry operator for the .net top level domain after the term of the 2001 agreement expires on or about June 30, 2005, ICANN is entitled to consider VeriSign’s alleged breaches of the existing agreement. VeriSign cannot predict the outcome of this action or the affect this lawsuit will have on our relationship with ICANN.
On January 18, 2005, VeriSign filed a request for arbitration before the ICC against ICANN regarding the process by which ICANN solicited and reviewed bids from companies, including VeriSign, to become the “successor” registry operator for the .net top level domain after the 2001 Registry Agreement expired on or about June 30, 2005. VeriSign alleges that the “request for proposal” (“RFP”) process constitutes a breach of the 2001 .net registry agreement because, among other things, the RFP process fails to constitute an open and transparent process by which ICANN can reasonably select the best qualified successor to operate the .net registry and does not constitute a valid “consensus policy” as defined in the 2001 .net agreement. ICANN has not yet responded to our arbitration request. On June 8, 2005, ICANN announced that it had selected VeriSign as the “successor” registry operator for the .net top level domain, and ICANN and VeriSign have entered into a contract to confirm that selection. VeriSign anticipates that its selection as the .net registry operator will resolve its request for arbitration.
In October 2005, the Company and ICANN announced a proposed settlement of the various claims between them. The settlement is conditioned upon, among other things, the execution of a new.com Registry Agreement by both the Company and ICANN and approval of the agreement by the United States Department of Commerce. The proposed agreement has not yet been finally approved by the United States Department of Commerce. If the settlement is finalized and implemented, it will result in the dismissal of pending litigation with ICANN.
On February 14, 2005, Southeast Texas Medical Associates, LLP filed a putative class action lawsuit in the Superior Court of California, alleging violations of the unfair competition laws, breach of express warranty and unjust enrichment relating to our Secure Site Pro SSL certificates. The complaint is brought on behalf of a class of persons who purchased the Secure Site Pro certificate from February 2001 to present. VeriSign disputes these claims. While we cannot predict the outcome of this matter, VeriSign believes that the allegations are without merit.
On March 8, 2005, plaintiff Charles Ford filed a putative class action lawsuit in the Superior Court of California, County of San Diego, alleging fraud, negligent misrepresentation, false advertising, and violations of the California Consumers Legal Remedies Act and unfair competition laws relating to marketing and advertising of mobile phone “ringtones” and other content by VeriSign’s subsidiaries, Jamster International Sarl and Jamba! GmbH. The complaint is brought on behalf of classes of persons who responded to advertising by sending a text message on their mobile phones or
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registered over the Internet to purchase ringtone or other content. On April 18, 2005, VeriSign removed the action to the federal district court for the Southern District of California. VeriSign disputes the claims in this action. While we cannot predict the outcome of this matter, VeriSign believes that the allegations are without merit.
In August, 2005 and October 2005, respectively, VeriSign received two additional similar putative class action lawsuits, one in state court in Arkansas (short title, Page v. VeriSign), alleging claims for fraud, unjust enrichment, and violation of the Arkansas Deceptive Trade Practices Act, and one in federal district court for the Southern District of California (short title, Herrington v. VeriSign), alleging claims for fraud, negligence and negligent misrepresentation, unjust enrichment, quantum meruit, breach of contract, breach of warranty, false advertising, and unfair competition. These lawsuits relate to the marketing and advertising of mobile phone “ringtones” and other mobile phone content by VeriSign and its subsidiary Jamster International Sarl. VeriSign disputes the claims in these actions. On April 14, 2006 the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation coordinated and consolidated pretrial proceedings in the Ford, Page, and Herrington actions. While we cannot predict the outcome of these matters, VeriSign believes the allegations are without merit.
On June 2, 2005, the company received an access letter from the U.S. Federal Trade Commission for information to determine whether VeriSign, using the trade name Jamster, was engaging in unfair or deceptive acts or practices in violation of Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act in its advertising, offering and billing for content services and products. The company also received civil investigative demands from the Illinois State Attorney General (dated June 30, 2005) and from the Florida State Attorney General (dated October 6, 2005). Each of these letters requested information related to the marketing of Jamster ringtone and other downloadable content services.
On April 11, 2005, Prism Technologies, LLC filed a complaint against VeriSign in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware alleging that VeriSign’s “Go Secure suite of application and related hardware and software products and its Unified Authentication solution and related hardware and software products” infringe U.S. Patent No. 6,516,416, entitled “Subscription Access System for Use With an Untrusted Network.” Prism Technologies seeks judgment in favor of Prism Technologies, a permanent injunction from infringement, damages in an amount not less than a reasonable royalty, attorneys’ fees and costs. Prism Technologies has also named RSA Security, Inc., Netegrity, Inc. Computer Associates International, Inc and Johnson & Johnson as co-defendants. VeriSign responded on June 6, 2005 by filing a counterclaim for declaratory relief and an answer denying any infringement and asserting that the patent is invalid. The Court has not yet scheduled an initial scheduling conference or entered a scheduling order. The parties currently are engaging in fact discovery. While we cannot predict the outcome of this matter, VeriSign believes that the allegations are without merit and intends to vigorously defend against them.
On February 24, 2006, GEMA, the German music authors collecting society, submitted an application to the Schiedsstelle, an arbitration board responsible for copyright matters at the German Patent and Copyright Office, requesting arbitration of GEMA’s claim for alleged underpaid royalties in connection with Jamba! GmbH’s sale of ringtones as downloadable content for mobile phones. Jamba! is a wholly owned subsidiary of VeriSign, Inc. Jamba! pays royalties to GEMA on a “per download” basis for ringtones. GEMA claims that Jamba! should also pay royalties for all GEMA-represented ringtones made available to Jamba! customers, regardless of whether or not the content represented by GEMA has been downloaded by a Jamba! customer. On April 11, 2006, the Schiedsstelle notified Jamba! that it will conduct an arbitration of GEMA’s claim. Jamba!’s response to GEMA’s application is due on May 22, 2006. Arbitration has not yet been scheduled. While we cannot predict the outcome of this matter, VeriSign believes that the allegations are without merit.
VeriSign is involved in various other investigations, claims and lawsuits arising in the normal conduct of its business, none of which, in our opinion will harm its business. VeriSign cannot assure that it will prevail in any litigation. Regardless of the outcome, any litigation may require VeriSign to incur significant litigation expense and may result in significant diversion of management attention.
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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
In addition to other information in this Form 10-Q, the following risk factors should be carefully considered in evaluating us and our business because these factors currently have a significant impact or may have a significant impact on our business, operating results or financial condition. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-Q as a result of the risk factors discussed below and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.
Our operating results may fluctuate and our future revenues and profitability are uncertain.
Our operating results have varied in the past and may fluctuate significantly in the future as a result of a variety of factors, many of which are outside our control. These factors include the following:
| • | | the long sales and implementation cycles for, and potentially large order sizes of, some of our security and communications services and the timing and execution of individual customer contracts; |
| • | | volume of domain name registrations and customer renewals in our registry services business; |
| • | | the mix of all our services sold during a period; |
| • | | our success in marketing and market acceptance of our services by our existing customers and by new customers; |
| • | | changes in marketing expenses related to promoting and distributing our services; |
| • | | customer renewal rates and turnover of customers of our services; |
| • | | continued development of our direct and indirect distribution channels for our security services and communications services (including our content services), both in the U.S. and abroad; |
| • | | changes in the level of spending for information technology-related products and services by enterprise customers; |
| • | | our success in assimilating the operations, products, services and personnel of any acquired businesses; |
| • | | the seasonal fluctuations in consumer use of communications services, including our content services; |
| • | | the timing and execution of individual customer contracts, particularly large contracts; |
| • | | the impact of price changes in our communications services and security services or our competitors’ products and services; |
| • | | the impact of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R that will require us to record a charge to earnings for stock-based compensation; and |
| • | | general economic and market conditions as well as economic and market conditions specific to the telecommunications and Internet industries. |
Our operating expenses may increase. If an increase in our expenses is not accompanied by a corresponding increase in our revenues, our operating results will suffer, particularly as revenues from some of our services are recognized ratably over the term of the service, rather than immediately when the customer pays for them, unlike our sales and marketing expenditures, which are expensed in full when incurred.
Due to all of the above factors, our revenues and operating results are difficult to forecast. Therefore, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our operating results will not necessarily be meaningful, and you should not rely upon them as an indication of future performance. Also, operating results may fall below our expectations and the expectations of securities analysts or investors in one or more future periods. If this were to occur, the market price of our common stock would likely decline.
Our operating results may be adversely affected by the uncertain geopolitical environment and unfavorable economic and market conditions.
Adverse economic conditions worldwide have contributed to downturns in the telecommunications and technology industries in the past and could impact our business in the future, resulting in:
| • | | reduced demand for our services as a result of a decrease in information technology and telecommunications spending by our customers; |
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| • | | increased price competition for our products and services; and |
| • | | higher overhead costs as a percentage of revenues. |
Recent political turmoil in many parts of the world, including terrorist and military actions, may continue to put pressure on global economic conditions. If the economic and market conditions in the United States and globally do not continue to improve, or if they deteriorate, we may experience material adverse impacts on our business, operating results, and financial condition as a consequence of the above factors or otherwise.
Our limited operating history under our current business structure may result in significant fluctuations of our financial results.
We have acquired many companies, a number of which operated in different businesses from our then-current business. Therefore, we have only a limited operating history on which to base an evaluation of our consolidated business and prospects. Our success will depend on many factors, many of which are not entirely under our control, including, but not limited to, the following:
| • | | the successful integration of acquired companies; |
| • | | the use of the Internet and other Internet Protocol, (“IP”), networks for electronic commerce and communications; |
| • | | the extent to which digital certificates and domain names are used for electronic commerce or communications; |
| • | | growth in the number of Web sites; |
| • | | growth in wireless networks and communications; |
| • | | growth in demand for our services; |
| • | | the continued evolution of electronic and mobile commerce as a viable means of conducting business; |
| • | | the competition for any of our services; |
| • | | the perceived security of electronic commerce and communications over the Internet and other IP networks; |
| • | | the perceived security of our services, technology, infrastructure and practices; |
| • | | the significant lead times before a new product or service begins generating revenues; |
| • | | the varying rates at which telecommunications companies, telephony resellers and Internet service providers use our services; |
| • | | the success in marketing and overall demand for our content services to consumers and businesses; |
| • | | the loss of customers through industry consolidation, or customer decisions to deploy in-house or competitor technology and services; and |
| • | | our continued ability to maintain our current, and enter into additional, strategic relationships. |
To address these risks we must, among other things:
| • | | successfully market our services to new and existing customers; |
| • | | attract, integrate, train, retain and motivate qualified personnel; |
| • | | respond to competitive developments; |
| • | | successfully introduce new services; and |
| • | | successfully introduce enhancements to our services to address new technologies and standards and changing market conditions. |
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We have faced difficulties assimilating, and may incur costs associated with, acquisitions.
We made numerous acquisitions in the last five years and will pursue additional acquisitions in the future. We have experienced difficulty in, and in the future may face difficulties, integrating the personnel, products, technologies or operations of companies we acquire. Assimilating acquired businesses involves a number of other risks, including, but not limited to:
| • | | the potential disruption of our ongoing business; |
| • | | the potential impairment of relationships with our employees, customers and strategic partners; |
| • | | the need to manage more geographically-dispersed operations, such as our offices in the states of Kansas, Illinois, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas, Virginia, and Washington, and globally in Australia, Europe, India, Japan, South Africa and South America; |
| • | | greater than expected costs and/or lower than expected revenues and the assumption of unknown liabilities. |
| • | | the diversion of management’s attention from our other businesses in identifying, completing and integrating acquisitions; |
| • | | the inability to retain the key employees of the acquired businesses; |
| • | | adverse effects on the existing customer relationships of acquired companies; |
| • | | our inability to incorporate acquired technologies successfully into our operations infrastructure; |
| • | | the difficulty of assimilating the operations and personnel of the acquired businesses; |
| • | | the potential incompatibility of business cultures; |
| • | | additional regulatory requirements; |
| • | | any perceived adverse changes in business focus; |
| • | | entering into markets and acquiring technologies in areas in which we have little experience; |
| • | | the need to incur debt, which may reduce our cash available for operations and other uses, or issue equity securities, which may dilute the ownership interests of our existing stockholders; and |
| • | | the inability to maintain uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies. |
If we are unable to successfully address any of these risks for future acquisitions, our business could be harmed.
Additionally, there is risk that we may incur additional expenses associated with an impairment of a portion of goodwill and other intangible assets due to changes in market conditions for acquisitions. Under generally accepted accounting principles, we are required to evaluate goodwill for impairment on an annual basis and to evaluate other intangible assets as events or circumstances indicate that such assets may be impaired. These evaluations could result in further impairments of goodwill or other intangible assets.
The expansion of our international operations subjects our business to additional economic risks that could have an adverse impact on our revenues and business.
International revenues accounted for approximately 30% of our total revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2006. We intend to expand our international operations and international sales and marketing activities. For example, we expect to expand our operations and marketing activities throughout Asia, Europe, Latin America and South America. We currently have facilities and over 550 employees in Germany. Expansion in these international markets has required and will continue to require significant management attention and resources. We may also need to tailor some of our other services for a particular market and to enter into international distribution and operating relationships. We have limited experience in localizing our services and in developing international distribution or operating relationships. We may not succeed in expanding our services into international markets. Failure to do so could harm our business. In addition, there are risks inherent in doing business on an international basis, including, among others:
| • | | competition with foreign companies or other domestic companies entering the foreign markets in which we operate; |
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| • | | differing and uncertain regulatory requirements; |
| • | | legal uncertainty regarding liability and compliance with foreign laws; |
| • | | export and import restrictions on cryptographic technology and products incorporating that technology; |
| • | | tariffs and other trade barriers and restrictions; |
| • | | difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations; |
| • | | longer sales and payment cycles; |
| • | | problems in collecting accounts receivable; |
| • | | currency fluctuations, as our international revenues from Europe, South Africa, Japan, South America and Australia are not denominated in U.S. Dollars; |
| • | | potential problems associated with adapting our content services to technical conditions existing in different countries; |
| • | | the necessity of developing foreign language portals and products for our content services; |
| • | | difficulty of authenticating customer information for digital certificates and other purposes; |
| • | | failure of foreign laws to protect our U.S. proprietary rights adequately; |
| • | | more stringent privacy policies in foreign countries; |
| • | | additional vulnerability from terrorist groups targeting U.S. interests abroad; |
| • | | seasonal reductions in business activity; and |
| • | | potentially adverse tax consequences. |
Our failure to manage past and future growth in our business could harm our business.
Between December 31, 1995 and March 31, 2006, we grew from 26 to 4,350 employees. This was achieved through internal growth, as well as acquisitions. During this time period, we opened new sales offices and significantly expanded our U.S. and non-U.S. operations. To successfully manage past growth and any future growth, we will need to continue to implement additional management information systems, continue the development of our operating, administrative, financial and accounting systems and controls and maintain close coordination among our executive, engineering, accounting, finance, marketing, sales and operations organizations. Any failure to manage growth effectively could harm our business.
The business environment is highly competitive and, if we do not compete effectively, we may suffer price reductions, reduced gross margins and loss of market share.
Competition in Security Services. Our security services are targeted at the rapidly evolving market for Internet security services, including network security, authentication and validation, which enable secure electronic commerce and communications over wireline and wireless IP networks. The market for security services is intensely competitive, subject to rapid change and significantly affected by new product and service introductions and other market activities of industry participants.
Principal competitors generally fall within one of the following categories: (1) companies such as RSA Security, Inc. and Entrust Technologies, which offer software applications and related digital certificate products that customers operate themselves; (2) companies such as GeoTrust and Digital Signature Trust Company (a subsidiary of Identrus) that primarily offer digital certificate and certification authority, or CA, related services; and (3) companies focused on providing a bundled offering of products and services such as CyberTrust. We also experience competition from a number of smaller companies, and we believe that our primary long-term competitors may not yet have entered the market. Furthermore, Netscape and Microsoft have introduced software products that enable the issuance and management of digital certificates, and we believe that other companies could introduce similar products.
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In addition, browser companies that embed our interface technologies or otherwise feature them as a provider of digital certificate products and services in their Web browsers or on their Web sites could also promote our competitors or charge us substantial fees for promotions in the future.
Competition in Managed Security Services. Consulting companies or professional services groups of other companies with internet expertise are current or potential competitors to our managed security services. These companies include large systems integrators and consulting firms, such as Accenture, IBM Global Services, Getronics and Lucent NetCare. We also compete with security product companies that offer managed security services in addition to other security services, such as Symantec and ISS, as well as a number of providers such as CyberTrust and Counterpane that offer managed security services. Telecommunications providers, such as MCI which acquired NetSec, a provider of managed security services, are also potential competitors. In addition, we compete with some companies that have developed products that automate the management of IP addresses and name maps throughout enterprise-wide intranets, and with companies with internally developed systems integration efforts.
Competition in Communications Services. The market for communications services is extremely competitive and subject to significant pricing pressure. Competition in this area arises from two primary sources. Incumbent carriers provide competing in-house services in their respective regions. In addition, we face direct competition from national, unregulated companies, including Syniverse Technologies, Telcordia, NeuStar and other carriers such as Southern New England Telephone Diversified Group, a unit of AT&T. Furthermore, customers are increasingly likely to deploy internally developed communications technologies and services which may reduce the demand for technologies and services from third party providers, such as VeriSign, and further increase competitive pricing pressures.
Competition in Commerce Services. Our wireless billing and payment services also are subject to competition from providers, such as Comverse, Amdocs, Convergys Corporation and Boston Communications Group. We are also aware of major Internet service providers, software developers and smaller entrepreneurial companies that are or may in the future be focusing significant resources on developing and marketing products and services that may compete directly with ours. Furthermore, customers are increasingly likely to deploy internally developed communications technologies and services which may reduce the demand for technologies and services from third party providers such as VeriSign and further increase competitive pricing pressures.
Competition in Content Services. The market for content services is extremely competitive. Competitors include developers of content and entertainment products and services in a variety of domestic and international markets, such as Electronic Arts, LaNetro Zed, Infospace, Itouch, Wisdom Entertainment, Arvato mobile, Monstermob, Motricity and Buongiorno/Vitaminic. This business also faces competition from mobile network operators such as Cingular, Verizon Wireless, Sprint, T-Mobile, Vodafone, O2, Orange, E-Plus and Telefónica, as well as Internet portal operators such as Yahoo!, AOL, T-Online and Google. Additional competitors are handset manufacturers such as Nokia and software providers such as Microsoft and Apple. As the market for wireless data, including information and entertainment data, matures, new categories of competitors, such as mobile phone companies, broadcasters, music publishers, other content providers or others have begun to develop competing products or services.
Competition in Registry Services. ICANN has introduced several registry service providers for new gTLDs that directly compete with the services we provide for the.com and .net gTLDs, as well as with the ccTLDs offered by us. The gTLDs.biz and.info were launched in 2001, the gTLDs.name, .pro, .aero, .museum and.coop were launched in 2002 and 2003, and the gTLD.mobi was launched in 2005. Domain names registrations and other services within these gTLDs are available through ICANN accredited registrars. In addition, we currently face competition from the over 240 ccTLD registry operators who compete directly for the business of entities and individuals that are seeking to establish a Web presence.
We also face competition from service providers that offer outsourced domain name registration, resolutions and other DNS services to organizations that require a reliable and scalable infrastructure. Among the competitors are UltraDNS, NeuLevel, Affilias, Register.com and Tucows.com.
Competition in Intelligent Supply Chain Services.There are a number of companies that provide intelligent supply chain services. For point-of-sale data, we face competition from IRI and AC Nielsen, as well as smaller software companies. For consulting services, we face competition from traditional consulting firms.
Competition in Real-Time Publisher Services. We face competition from various smaller companies providing similar services.
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Competition in Digital Brand Management Services. We face competition from companies providing services similar to some of our Digital Brand Management Services. In the monitoring services, registration and domain name asset management area of our business, our competition comes primarily from ICANN accredited registrars and various smaller companies providing similar services.
Several of our current and potential competitors have longer operating histories and significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we do and therefore may be able to respond more quickly than we can to new or changing opportunities, technologies, standards and customer requirements. Many of these competitors also have broader and more established distribution channels that may be used to deliver competing products or services directly to customers through bundling or other means. If such competitors were to bundle competing products or services for their customers, the demand for our products and services might be substantially reduced and the ability to distribute our products successfully and the utilization of our services would be substantially diminished. New technologies and the expansion of existing technologies may increase the competitive pressure.
New technologies and the expansion of existing technologies may increase competitive pressure. We cannot assure that competing technologies developed by others or the emergence of new industry standards will not adversely affect our competitive position or render our security services or technologies noncompetitive or obsolete. In addition, our markets are characterized by announcements of collaborative relationships involving our competitors. The existence or announcement of any such relationships could adversely affect our ability to attract and retain customers. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, we may not be able to compete effectively with current or future competitors, and competitive pressures that we face could materially harm our business.
Our communications services business depends in part on the acceptance of our SS7 network and the telecommunications industry’s continuing use of SS7 technology.
Our future growth in our communications services business depends, in part, on the commercial success and reliability of our SS7 network. Our SS7 network is a vital component of our intelligent network services and has been a significant source of revenues for our Communications Services Group. Our communications services business will suffer if our target customers do not use our SS7 network. Our future financial performance will also depend on the successful development, introduction and customer acceptance of new and enhanced SS7-based services. We are not certain that our target customers will choose our particular SS7 network solution or continue to use our SS7 network. In the future, we may not be successful in marketing our SS7 network or any new or enhanced services.
The inability of our customers to successfully implement our signaling and network services with their existing systems could adversely affect our business.
Significant technical challenges exist in our signaling and network services business because many of our customers:
| • | | purchase and implement SS7 network services in phases; |
| • | | deploy SS7 connectivity across a variety of telecommunication switches and routes; and |
| • | | integrate our SS7 network with a number of legacy systems, third-party software applications and engineering tools. |
Customer implementation currently requires participation by our order management and our engineering and operations groups, each of which has limited resources. Some customers may also require us to develop costly customized features or capabilities, which increase our costs and consume a disproportionate share of our limited customer service and support resources. Also, we typically charge one-time flat rate fees for initially connecting a customer to our SS7 network and a monthly recurring flat rate fee after the connection is established. If new or existing customers have difficulty deploying our products or require significant amounts of our engineering service support, we may experience reduced operating margins. Our customers’ ability to deploy our network services to their own customers and integrate them successfully within their systems depends on our customers’ capabilities and the complexity involved. Difficulty in deploying those services could reduce our operating margins due to increased customer support and could cause potential delays in recognizing revenues until the services are implemented.
Our failure to achieve or sustain market acceptance of our communications services at desired pricing levels and industry consolidation could adversely impact our revenues and cash flow.
The telecommunications industry is characterized by significant price competition. Competition and industry consolidation in our communications services could result in significant pricing pressure and an erosion in our market share. Pricing pressure from competition could cause large reductions in the selling price of our services. For example, our
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competitors may provide customers with reduced communications costs for Internet access or private network services, reducing the overall cost of services and significantly increasing pricing pressures on us. We would need to offset the effects of any price reductions by increasing the number of our customers, generating higher revenues from enhanced services or reducing our costs, and we may not be able to do so successfully. We believe that the business of providing network connectivity and related network services will see increased consolidation in the future. Consolidation could decrease selling prices and increase competition in these industries, which could erode our market share, revenues and operating margins in our Communications Services Group. Consolidation in the telecommunications industry has led to the merging of many companies, including AT&T Wireless, MCI, Nextel and Price Communications, customers of our Communications Services Group. Our business could be harmed if these mergers result in the loss of customers by our Communications Services Group. Furthermore, customers may choose to deploy internally developed communications technologies and services thereby reducing the demand for technologies and services we offer which could harm our business.
Our content services business depends on agreements with many different third parties, including wireless carriers, and content providers. If these agreements are terminated or not renewed, or are amended to require us to change the way our content services are offered to customers, our business could be harmed.
Our content services business depends on our ability to enter into and maintain agreements with many different third parties including:
| • | | Wireless carriers and other mobile phone service providers, upon which this business is highly dependent for billing its customers; and |
| • | | Developers, music publishers and other providers of content, upon which this business is substantially dependent for content such as ringtones and games. |
These agreements are typically for a short term, or are otherwise terminable upon short notice, and in the case of agreements with carriers, other mobile phone service providers and content developers, are non-exclusive. If these third parties reduce their commitment to us, terminate their agreements with us or enter into similar agreements with our competitors, our content services business could be materially harmed. For example, because we depend on wireless carriers to bill customers for our services, a loss of any of these relationships, or our failure to enter into new relationships with additional wireless carriers on commercially reasonable terms, could prevent us from billing and receiving revenues from existing and new customers.
Some wireless carriers have implemented more detailed enrollment procedures before their customers can purchase content services such as those we offer. Similar enrollment procedures or other requirements affecting content services may be adopted by other wireless carriers or by trade associations seeking to establish industry-wide standards, and could adversely affect subscriber growth and renewal rates in our content services business.
Our content services business is dependent on third parties offering attractive content and technology on acceptable terms.
Only some of the content used in our content services business is developed internally. We also receive content, such as ringtones, games and logos from third parties. If the market for mobile entertainment and information continues to grow, content providers might try to raise their prices. Some providers insist on charging fixed fees for their content regardless of revenues, so if we fail to achieve anticipated revenues, we would achieve lower margins for our content services. There is no assurance that we will be able to timely purchase content having the requisite quality in the future and on commercially reasonable terms. Should we be unable to acquire attractive content from third parties and on acceptable terms, this could adversely affect our content services business.
Our customer subscription agreements for our content services are typically cancelable and our business could be harmed if we fail to retain current customers or if we fail to obtain significant numbers of new customers to replace customers who cancel or fail to renew.
Our content services are typically sold as fixed weekly or monthly subscriptions. Our customers for these services may cancel their subscriptions for our service at the end of each service period and in fact, many customers elect to do so. We have limited historical data with respect to rates of customer subscription renewals, so we cannot accurately predict customer renewal rates. Our customers’ subscription and renewal rates may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including customer dissatisfaction with the service, pricing pressure, changes in preferences and trends, competitive services, adverse coverage in the news media, changes in the way we advertise our services or other reasons. If our customers cancel or fail to renew their subscriptions for our content services or if we fail to obtain significant numbers of new customers to replace customers who cancel or fail to renew, our revenue could decline and our content services business will suffer.
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Our business depends on the continued growth of the Internet and adoption and continued use of IP networks.
Our future success depends, in part, on continued growth in the use of the Internet and IP networks. If the use of, and interest in, the Internet and IP networks does not grow, our business would be harmed. To date, many businesses and consumers have been deterred from utilizing the Internet and IP networks for a number of reasons, including, but not limited to:
| • | | potentially inadequate development of network infrastructure; |
| • | | security concerns, particularly for online commerce, including the potential for merchant or user impersonation and fraud or theft of stored data and information communicated over IP networks; |
| • | | privacy concerns, including the potential for third parties to obtain personally identifiable information about users or to disclose or sell data without notice to or the consent of such users; |
| • | | other security concerns such as attacks on popular Web sites by “hackers”; |
| • | | inconsistent quality of service; |
| • | | inability to integrate business applications on IP networks; |
| • | | the need to operate with multiple and frequently incompatible products; |
| • | | limited bandwidth access; and |
The widespread acceptance of the Internet and IP networks will require a broad acceptance of new methods of conducting business and exchanging information. Organizations that already have invested substantial resources in other methods of conducting business may be reluctant to adopt new methods. Also, individuals with established patterns of purchasing goods and services and effecting payments may be reluctant to change.
A number of states, as well as the U.S. Congress, have been considering various initiatives that could permit sales and use taxes on Internet sales. If any of these initiatives are adopted, it could substantially impair the growth of electronic commerce and therefore hinder the growth in the use of the Internet and IP networks, which could harm our business.
Many of our target markets are evolving, and if these markets fail to develop or if our products and services are not widely accepted in these markets, our business could suffer.
We target our security services at the market for trusted and secure electronic commerce and communications over IP and other networks. Our Communications Services Group is targeting the consumer market for content services. Our Information Services business unit is developing managed services designed to work with the EPCglobal Network and radio frequency identification (“RFID”), technology, point-of-sale data services and real-time publisher services. These are rapidly evolving markets that may not continue to grow. Even if these markets grow, our services may not be widely accepted. Accordingly, the demand for our services is very uncertain. The factors that may affect market acceptance of our services include the following:
| • | | market acceptance of products and services based upon technologies other than those we use; |
| • | | public perception of the security of our technologies and of IP and other networks; |
| • | | the introduction and consumer acceptance of new generations of mobile handsets; |
| • | | demand for supply chain information services, including acceptance of RFID technology, the EPCglobal Network and point-of-sale data services; |
| • | | the ability of the Internet infrastructure to accommodate increased levels of usage; and |
| • | | government regulations affecting electronic commerce and communications over IP networks. |
If the market for electronic commerce and communications over IP and other networks does not grow or these services are not widely accepted in the market, our business would be materially harmed.
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Governmental regulation and the application of existing laws may slow business growth, increase our costs of doing business and create potential liability.
The growth and development of the Internet has led to new laws and regulations, as well as the application of existing laws to the Internet and wireless communications. Application of these laws can be unclear. The costs of complying or failure to comply with these laws and regulations could limit our ability to operate in our markets, expose us to compliance costs and substantial liability and result in costly and time-consuming litigation.
Foreign, federal or state laws could have an adverse impact on our business. For example, recent laws include those designed to restrict the on-line distribution of certain materials deemed harmful to children and impose additional restrictions or obligations for on-line services when dealing with minors. Such legislation may impose significant additional costs on our business or subject us to additional liabilities.
Due to the nature of the Internet, it is possible that the governments of other states and foreign countries might attempt to regulate Internet transmissions or prosecute us for violations of their laws. We might unintentionally violate such laws, such laws may be modified and new laws may be enacted in the future. Any such developments could increase the costs of regulatory compliance for us, force us to change our business practices or otherwise materially harm our business.
Our inability to react to changes in our industry and successfully introduce new products and services could harm our business.
The emerging nature of the Internet, other communication networks, content, digital certificate, and domain name registration markets, and their rapid evolution, require us continually to improve the performance, features and reliability of our services, particularly in response to competitive offerings. In particular, the market for entertainment and information is characterized by changing technology, developing industry standards, changing customer preferences and trends (which also vary from country to country), and the constant introduction of new products and services. In order to remain competitive, we must continually improve our access technology and software, support the latest transmission technologies, and adapt our products and services to changing market conditions and customer preferences. When entertainment products are placed on the market, it is difficult to predict whether they will become popular.
The communications network services industry is also characterized by rapid technological change and frequent new product and service announcements. Significant technological changes could make our technologies obsolete and other changes in our markets, particularly content, could result in some of our other products and services losing market share. Accordingly, we must continually improve the responsiveness, reliability and features of our services and develop new features, services and applications to meet changing customer needs in our target markets. For example, we sell our SS7 network services primarily to traditional telecommunications companies that rely on traditional voice networks. Many emerging companies are providing convergent Internet protocol-based network services. Our future success could also depend upon our ability to provide products and services to these Internet protocol-based telephony providers, particularly if IP-based telephony becomes widely accepted. We cannot assure that we will be able to adapt to these challenges or respond successfully or in a cost-effective way to adequately meet them. Our failure to do so would adversely affect our ability to compete and retain customers or market share.
New products and services developed or introduced by us may not result in any significant revenues.
We must commit significant resources to develop new products and services before knowing whether our investments will result in products and services the market will accept. The success of new products and services depends on several factors, including proper new definition and timely completion, introduction and market acceptance. For example, our selection in January 2004 by EPCglobal, a not-for-profit standards organization, to operate the Object Naming Service as the root directory for the EPCglobal Network, may not increase our revenues in the foreseeable future. There can be no assurance that we will successfully identify new product and service opportunities, develop and bring new products and services to market in a timely manner, or achieve market acceptance of our products and services, or that products, services and technologies developed by others will not render our products, services or technologies obsolete or noncompetitive. Our inability to successfully market new products and services may harm our business.
Issues arising from our agreements with ICANN and the Department of Commerce could harm our registry business.
The Department of Commerce (“DOC”) has adopted a plan for a phased transition of the DOC’s responsibilities for the domain name system to the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, or ICANN. As part of this transition, our registry agreement with ICANN was replaced by three new agreements on May 25, 2001, one for.com, one for.net and one for.org. The term of the.com registry agreement extends until November 10, 2007 with a 4-year renewal option. The.net registry services were subject to a competitive bidding process administered by ICANN. Our bid was determined by the
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outside evaluators selected by ICANN to be the top bid and VeriSign and ICANN have executed a new.net registry agreement that extends until September 30, 2011. The.org registry agreement terminated on December 31, 2002, and the.org registry services were transitioned to a new registry operator selected by ICANN during 2003. We face risks from this transition to ICANN, which include the following:
| • | | ICANN could adopt or promote policies, procedures or programs that are unfavorable to our role as the registry operator of the.com and.net top-level domains or that are inconsistent with our current or future plans; |
| • | | the DOC or ICANN could terminate our agreements to be the registry for the.com or.net gTLDs if they find that we are in violation of our agreements with them; |
| • | | if our agreements to be the registry for the.com or.net top-level domains are terminated, it could have an adverse impact on our business; |
| • | | the DOC’s or ICANN’s interpretation of provisions of our agreements with either of them could differ from ours; |
| • | | the DOC could revoke its recognition of ICANN, as a result of which the DOC would take the place of ICANN for purposes of the various agreements described above, and could take actions that are harmful to us; |
| • | | the U.S. Government could refuse to transfer certain responsibilities for domain name system administration to ICANN due to security, stability or other reasons, resulting in fragmentation or other instability in domain name system administration; and |
| • | | our registry business could face legal or other challenges resulting from our activities or the activities of registrars. |
On August 27, 2004, we filed a lawsuit against ICANN in the Superior Court of the State of California County of Los Angeles. The lawsuit alleges that ICANN overstepped its contractual authority and improperly attempted to regulate our business in violation of ICANN’s charter and its agreements with us. We cannot predict the effect this lawsuit will have on our relationship with ICANN.
Challenges to ongoing privatization of Internet administration could harm our domain name registry business.
Risks we face from challenges by third parties, including other domestic and foreign governmental authorities, to our role in the ongoing privatization of the Internet include:
| • | | legal, regulatory or other challenges could be brought, including challenges to the agreements governing our relationship with the DOC or ICANN, or to the legal authority underlying the roles and actions of the DOC, ICANN or us; |
| • | | Congress has held several hearings in which various issues about the domain name system and ICANN’s practices have been raised and Congress could take action that is unfavorable to us; |
| • | | ICANN could fail to maintain its role, potentially resulting in instability in domain name system administration; and |
| • | | some foreign governments and governmental authorities have in the past disagreed with, and may in the future disagree with, the actions, policies or programs of ICANN, the U.S. Government and us relating to the domain name system. These foreign governments or governmental authorities may take actions or adopt policies or programs that are harmful to our business. |
As a result of these challenges, it may be difficult for us to introduce new services in our domain name registry business and we could also be subject to additional restrictions on how this business is conducted.
If we encounter system interruptions, we could be exposed to liability and our reputation and business could suffer.
We depend on the uninterrupted operation of our various systems, secure data centers and other computer and communication networks. Our systems and operations are vulnerable to damage or interruption from:
| • | | power loss, transmission cable cuts and other telecommunications failures; |
| • | | damage or interruption caused by fire, earthquake, and other natural disasters; |
| • | | computer viruses or software defects; and |
| • | | physical or electronic break-ins, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism, terrorist attacks and other events beyond our control. |
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Most of our systems are located at, and most of our customer information is stored in, our facilities in Mountain View, California and Kawasaki, Japan, both of which are susceptible to earthquakes, Providence, Rhode Island; Dulles, Virginia; Lacey, Washington; Overland Park, Kansas, Melbourne, Australia and Berlin, Hamburg and Verl, Germany. Any damage or failure that causes interruptions in any of these facilities or our other computer and communications systems could materially harm our business.
In addition, our ability to issue digital certificates, our domain name registry services and other of our services depend on the efficient operation of the Internet connections from customers to our secure data centers and from our customers to the shared registration system. These connections depend upon the efficient operation of Internet service providers and Internet backbone service providers, all of which have had periodic operational problems or experienced outages in the past.
A failure in the operation of our domain name zone servers, the domain name root servers, or other events could result in the deletion of one or more domain names from the Internet for a period of time. A failure in the operation of our shared registration system could result in the inability of one or more other registrars to register and maintain domain names for a period of time. A failure in the operation or update of the master database that we maintain could result in the deletion of one or more top-level domains from the Internet and the discontinuation of second-level domain names in those top-level domains for a period of time. Any of these problems or outages could decrease customer satisfaction, which could harm our business.
If we experience security breaches, we could be exposed to liability and our reputation and business could suffer.
We retain certain confidential customer information in our secure data centers and various registration systems. It is critical to our business strategy that our facilities and infrastructure remain secure and are perceived by the marketplace to be secure. Our domain name registry operations also depend on our ability to maintain our computer and telecommunications equipment in effective working order and to reasonably protect our systems against interruption, and potentially depend on protection by other registrars in the shared registration system. The root zone servers and top-level domain name zone servers that we operate are critical hardware to our registry services operations. Therefore, we may have to expend significant time and money to maintain or increase the security of our facilities and infrastructure.
Despite our security measures, our infrastructure may be vulnerable to physical break-ins, computer viruses, and attacks by hackers or similar disruptive problems. It is possible that we may have to expend additional financial and other resources to address such problems. Any physical or electronic break-in or other security breach or compromise of the information stored at our secure data centers and domain name registration systems may jeopardize the security of information stored on our premises or in the computer systems and networks of our customers. In such an event, we could face significant liability and customers could be reluctant to use our services. Such an occurrence could also result in adverse publicity and therefore, adversely affect the market’s perception of the security of electronic commerce and communications over IP networks as well as of the security or reliability of our services.
The reliance of our network connectivity and interoperability services and content services on third-party communications infrastructure, hardware and software exposes us to a variety of risks we cannot control.
The success of our network connectivity and interoperability services and content services depends on our network infrastructure, including the capacity leased from telecommunications suppliers. In particular, we rely on AT&T, MCI, Sprint and other telecommunications providers for leased long-haul and local loop transmission capacity. These companies provide the dedicated links that connect our network components to each other and to our customers. Our business also depends upon the capacity, reliability and security of the infrastructure owned by third parties that is used to connect telephone calls. Specifically, we currently lease capacity from regional providers on six of the 16 mated pairs of SS7 signal transfer points that comprise our network.
We have no control over the operation, quality or maintenance of a significant portion of that infrastructure or whether or not those third parties will upgrade or improve their equipment. We depend on these companies to maintain the operational integrity of our connections. If one or more of these companies is unable or unwilling to supply or expand its levels of service to us in the future, our operations could be severely interrupted. In addition, rapid changes in the telecommunications industry have led to the merging of many companies. These mergers may cause the availability, pricing and quality of the services we use to vary and could cause the length of time it takes to deliver the services that we use to increase significantly.
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Our signaling and SS7 services rely on links, equipment and software provided to us from our vendors, the most important of which are gateway equipment and software from Tekelec and Agilent Technologies, Inc. We cannot assure you that we will be able to continue to purchase equipment from these vendors on acceptable terms, if at all. If we are unable to maintain current purchasing terms or ensure product availability with these vendors, we may lose customers and experience an increase in costs in seeking alternative suppliers of products and services.
Capacity limits on our technology and network hardware and software may be difficult to project and we may not be able to expand and upgrade our systems to meet increased use.
If traffic from our telecommunication and content customers through our network increases, we will need to expand and upgrade our technology and network hardware and software. We may not be able to expand and upgrade, in a timely manner, our systems and network hardware and software capabilities to accommodate increased traffic on our network. If we do not appropriately expand and upgrade our systems and network hardware and software, we may lose customers and revenues.
We rely on third parties who maintain and control root zone servers and route Internet communications.
We currently administer and operate only two of the 13 root zone servers. The others are administered and operated by independent operators on a volunteer basis. Because of the importance to the functioning of the Internet of these root zone servers, our registry services business could be harmed if these volunteer operators fail to maintain these servers properly or abandon these servers, which would place additional capacity demands on the two root zone servers we operate.
Further, our registry services business could be harmed if any of these volunteer operators fail to include or provide accessibility to the data that it maintains in the root zone servers that it controls. In the event and to the extent that ICANN is authorized to set policy with regard to an authoritative root server system, as provided in our registry agreement with ICANN, it is required to ensure that the authoritative root will point to the top-level domain zone servers designated by us. If ICANN does not do this, our business could be harmed.
Undetected or unknown defects in our services could harm our business and future operating results.
Services as complex as those we offer or develop frequently contain undetected defects or errors. Despite testing, defects or errors may occur in our existing or new services, which could result in loss of or delay in revenues, loss of market share, failure to achieve market acceptance, diversion of development resources, injury to our reputation, tort or warranty claims, increased insurance costs or increased service and warranty costs, any of which could harm our business. The performance of our services could have unforeseen or unknown adverse effects on the networks over which they are delivered as well as on third-party applications and services that utilize our services, which could result in legal claims against us, harming our business. Furthermore, we often provide implementation, customization, consulting and other technical services in connection with the implementation and ongoing maintenance of our services, which typically involves working with sophisticated software, computing and communications systems. Our failure or inability to meet customer expectations in a timely manner could also result in loss of or delay in revenues, loss of market share, failure to achieve market acceptance, injury to our reputation and increased costs.
Services offered by our Internet Services Group rely on public key cryptography technology that may compromise our system’s security.
Services offered by our Internet Services Group depend on public key cryptography technology. With public key cryptography technology, a user is given a public key and a private key, both of which are required to perform encryption and decryption operations. The security afforded by this technology depends on the integrity of a user’s private key and that it is not lost, stolen or otherwise compromised. The integrity of private keys also depends in part on the application of specific mathematical principles known as “factoring.” This integrity is predicated on the assumption that the factoring of large numbers into their prime number components is difficult. Should an easy factoring method be developed, the security of encryption products utilizing public key cryptography technology would be reduced or eliminated. Furthermore, any significant advance in techniques for attacking cryptographic systems could also render some or all of our existing PKI services obsolete or unmarketable. If improved techniques for attacking cryptographic systems were ever developed, we would likely have to reissue digital certificates to some or all of our customers, which could damage our reputation and brand or otherwise harm our business. In the past there have been public announcements of the successful attack upon cryptographic keys of certain kinds and lengths and of the potential misappropriation of private keys and other activation data. This type of publicity could also hurt the public perception as to the safety of the public key cryptography technology included in our digital certificates. This negative public perception could harm our business.
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Some of our security services have lengthy sales and implementation cycles.
We market many of our security services directly to large companies and government agencies and we market our communications services to large telecommunication carriers. The sale and implementation of our services to these entities typically involves a lengthy education process and a significant technical evaluation and commitment of capital and other resources. This process is also subject to the risk of delays associated with customers’ internal budgeting and other procedures for approving large capital expenditures, deploying new technologies within their networks and testing and accepting new technologies that affect key operations. As a result, the sales and implementation cycles associated with certain of our services can be lengthy, potentially lasting from three to nine months. Our quarterly and annual operating results could be materially harmed if orders forecasted for a specific customer for a particular quarter are not realized.
Failure of VeriSign Affiliates to follow our security and trust practices or to maintain the privacy or security of confidential customer information could have an adverse impact on our revenues and business.
We have licensed to VeriSign Affiliates our Processing Center platform, which is designed to replicate our own secure data centers and allows the affiliate to offer back-end processing of PKI services for enterprises. The VeriSign Processing Center platform provides a VeriSign Affiliate with the knowledge and technology to offer PKI services similar to those offered by us. It is critical to our business strategy that the facilities and infrastructure used in issuing and marketing digital certificates remain secure and we are perceived by the marketplace to be secure. Although we provide the VeriSign Affiliate with training in security and trust practices, network management and customer service and support, these practices are performed by the affiliate and are outside of our control. Any failure of a VeriSign Affiliate to maintain the privacy or security of confidential customer information could result in negative publicity and therefore, adversely affect the market’s perception of the security of our services as well as the security of electronic commerce and communication over IP networks generally.
We rely on our intellectual property, and any failure by us to protect, or any misappropriation of, our intellectual property could harm our business.
Our success depends on our internally developed technologies, patents and other intellectual property. Despite our precautions, it may be possible for a third party to copy or otherwise obtain and use our trade secrets or other forms of our intellectual property without authorization. Furthermore, the laws of foreign countries may not protect our proprietary rights in those countries to the same extent U.S. law protects these rights in the United States. In addition, it is possible that others may independently develop substantially equivalent intellectual property. If we do not effectively protect our intellectual property, our business could suffer. In the future, we may have to resort to litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets or to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. This type of litigation, regardless of its outcome, could result in substantial costs and diversion of management and technical resources.
We also license third-party technology that is used in our products and services to perform key functions. These third-party technology licenses may not continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Our business could suffer if we lost the rights to use these technologies. A third-party could claim that the licensed software infringes a patent or other proprietary right. Litigation between the licensor and a third-party or between us and a third-party could lead to royalty obligations for which we are not indemnified or for which indemnification is insufficient, or we may not be able to obtain any additional license on commercially reasonable terms or at all. The loss of, or our inability to obtain or maintain, any of these technology licenses could delay the introduction of our Internet infrastructure services until equivalent technology, if available, is identified, licensed and integrated. This could harm our business.
We could become subject to claims of infringement of intellectual property of others, which could be costly to defend and which could harm our business.
Claims relating to infringement of intellectual property of others or other similar claims have been made against us in the past and could be made against us in the future. In addition, we use content such as music, games and logos, as part of our content services, and news content, as part of our real-time publisher service. It is possible that we could become subject to additional claims for infringement of the intellectual property of third parties. Any claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation and diversion of technical and management personnel, cause delays or require us to develop non-infringing technology or enter into royalty or licensing agreements. Royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. If a successful claim of infringement were made against us, we could be required to pay damages or have portions of our business enjoined. If we could not develop non-infringing technology or license the infringed or similar technology on a timely and cost-effective basis, our business could be harmed.
In addition, legal standards relating to the validity, enforceability, and scope of protection of intellectual property rights in Internet-related businesses are uncertain and still evolving. Because of the growth of the Internet and Internet-related businesses, patent applications are continuously and simultaneously being filed in connection with Internet-related
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technology. There are a significant number of U.S. and foreign patents and patent applications in our areas of interest, and we believe that there has been, and is likely to continue to be, significant litigation in the industry regarding patent and other intellectual property rights.
We must establish and maintain strategic and other relationships.
One of our significant business strategies has been to enter into strategic or other similar collaborative relationships in order to reach a larger customer base than we could reach through our direct sales and marketing efforts. We may need to enter into additional relationships to execute our business plan. We may not be able to enter into additional, or maintain our existing, strategic relationships on commercially reasonable terms. If we fail to enter into additional relationships, we would have to devote substantially more resources to the distribution, sale and marketing of our security services and communications services than we would otherwise.
Our success in obtaining results from these relationships will depend both on the ultimate success of the other parties to these relationships and on the ability of these parties to market our services successfully.
Furthermore, our ability to achieve future growth will also depend on our ability to continue to establish direct seller channels and to develop multiple distribution channels. Failure of one or more of our strategic relationships to result in the development and maintenance of a market for our services could harm our business. If we are unable to maintain our relationships or to enter into additional relationships, this could harm our business.
We depend on key personnel to manage our business effectively and may not be successful in attracting and retaining such personnel.
We depend on the performance of our senior management team and other key employees. Our success also depends on our ability to attract, integrate, train, retain and motivate these individuals and additional highly skilled technical and sales and marketing personnel, both in the U.S. and abroad. In addition, our stringent hiring practices for some of our key personnel, which consist of background checks into prospective employees’ criminal and financial histories, further limit the number of qualified persons for these positions.
We have no employment agreements with any of our key executives that prevent them from leaving VeriSign at any time. In addition, we do not maintain key person life insurance for any of our officers or key employees. The loss of the services of any of our senior management team or other key employees or failure to attract, integrate, train, retain and motivate additional key employees could harm our business.
Compliance with rules and regulations concerning corporate governance is costly and could harm our business.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act mandates, among other things, that companies adopt new corporate governance measures and imposes comprehensive reporting and disclosure requirements, sets stricter independence and financial expertise standards for audit committee members and imposes increased civil and criminal penalties for companies, their chief executive officers and chief financial officers and directors for securities law violations. For example, Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires companies to do a comprehensive and costly evaluation of their internal controls. In addition, the NASDAQ Stock Market has adopted additional comprehensive rules and regulations relating to corporate governance. These laws, rules and regulations have increased the scope, complexity and cost of our corporate governance, reporting and disclosure practices, and our compliance efforts have required significant management attention. It has become more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we have been required to accept reduced coverage and incur substantially higher costs to obtain the reduced level of coverage. Further, our board members, chief executive officer and chief financial officer could face an increased risk of personal liability in connection with the performance of their duties. As a result, we may have difficulty attracting and retaining qualified board members and executive officers, which could harm our business.
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We have anti-takeover protections that may delay or prevent a change in control that could benefit our stockholders.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could make it more difficult for a third-party to acquire us without the consent of our board of directors. These provisions include:
| • | | our stockholders may take action only at a meeting and not by written consent; |
| • | | our board must be given advance notice regarding stockholder-sponsored proposals for consideration at annual meetings and for stockholder nominations for the election of directors; |
| • | | we have a classified board of directors, with the board being divided into three classes that serve staggered three-year terms; |
| • | | vacancies on our board may be filled until the next annual meeting of stockholders only by majority vote of the directors then in office; and |
| • | | special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by the chairman of the board, the president or the board, and not by our stockholders. |
VeriSign has also adopted a stockholder rights plan that may discourage, delay or prevent a change of control and make any future unsolicited acquisition attempt more difficult. Under the rights plan:
| • | | The rights will become exercisable only upon the occurrence of certain events specified in the plan, including the acquisition of 20% of VeriSign’s outstanding common stock by a person or group. |
| • | | Each right entitles the holder, other than an “acquiring person,” to acquire shares of VeriSign’s common stock at a 50% discount to the then-prevailing market price. |
| • | | VeriSign’s Board of Directors may redeem outstanding rights at any time prior to a person becoming an “acquiring person,” at a price of $0.001 per right. Prior to such time, the terms of the rights may be amended by VeriSign’s Board of Directors without the approval of the holders of the rights. |
Changes in, or interpretations of, tax rules and regulations may adversely affect our effective tax rates.
We are subject to income taxes in both the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes. In the ordinary course of our business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. We are subject to audit by various tax authorities. Although we believe our tax estimates are reasonable, the final determination of tax audits and any related litigation could be materially different than that which is reflected in historical income tax provisions and accruals. Should additional taxes be assessed as a result of an audit or litigation, an adverse effect on our income tax provision and net income in the period or periods for which that determination is made could result.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Share Repurchases
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
| | | | | | | | | | |
Period | | Total Number of Shares Purchased | | Average Price Paid per Share | | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
January 1 – 31, 2006 | | 482,459 | | $ | 22.20 | | 482,459 | | $ | 119.7 million |
February 1 – 28, 2006 | | 3,164,557 | | | 23.70 | | 3,164,557 | | | 44.7 million |
March 1 – 31, 2006 | | — | | | — | | — | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | 3,647,016 | | | | | 3,647,016 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
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On August 2, 2005, the Board of Directors of VeriSign authorized a new stock repurchase program to repurchase up to $500 million of the Company’s common stock in open market, negotiated or block transactions.
During the three months ended March 31, 2006, VeriSign settled its Accelerated Share Repurchase (“ASR”) agreement executed in the fourth quarter of 2005. As a result of settling the ASR, VeriSign received an additional 482,459 shares of its common stock.
During the three months ended March 31, 2006, VeriSign entered into a new $75.0 million ASR agreement to purchase approximately 3.2 million shares of its common stock at a price per share of approximately $23.70.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
(a) Index to Exhibits
| | | | |
Exhibit Number | | Exhibit Description | | Filed Herewith |
31.01 | | Certification of President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a). | | X |
| | |
31.02 | | Certification of Executive Vice President of Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a). | | X |
| | |
32.01 | | Certification of President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350). * | | X |
| | |
32.02 | | Certification of Executive Vice President of Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350). * | | X |
* | As contemplated by SEC Release No. 33-8212, these exhibits are furnished with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not incorporated by reference in any filing of VeriSign, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Act of 1934, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in such filings. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| | | | |
| | VERISIGN, INC. |
| | |
Date: May 10, 2006 | | By: | | /s/ STRATTON D. SCLAVOS |
| | | | Stratton D. Sclavos Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |
| | |
Date: May 10, 2006 | | By: | | /s/ DANA L. EVAN |
| | | | Dana L. Evan Executive Vice President of Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
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EXHIBITS
As required under Item 6—Exhibits, the exhibits filed as part of this report are provided in this separate section. The exhibits included in this section are as follows:
| | |
Exhibit Number | | Exhibit Description |
31.01 | | Certification of President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a). |
| |
31.02 | | Certification of Executive Vice President of Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a). |
| |
32.01 | | Certification of President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350).* |
| |
32.02 | | Certification of Executive Vice President of Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(b) and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350).* |
* | As contemplated by SEC Release No. 33-8212, these exhibits are furnished with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not incorporated by reference in any filing of VeriSign, Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Act of 1934, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in such filings. |
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