UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-Q
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| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2009 | ||
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OR | ||
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| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 1-14472
CORNELL COMPANIES, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Delaware |
| 76-0433642 |
(State or Other Jurisdiction |
| (I.R.S. Employer |
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1700 West Loop South, Suite 1500, Houston, Texas |
| 77027 |
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) |
| (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (713) 623-0790
Indicate by a check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files.) Yes ¨ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o |
| Accelerated filer x |
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Non-accelerated filer o |
| Smaller reporting company o |
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x
At May 6, 2009, the registrant had 14,915,751 shares of common stock outstanding.
Cornell Companies, Inc.
Form 10-Q
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 26 | |
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2
Forward-Looking Information
The statements included in this quarterly report regarding future financial performance and results of operations and other statements that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements in this quarterly report include, but are not limited to, statements about the following subjects:
· revenues,
· revenue mix,
· expenses, including personnel and medical costs,
· results of operations,
· operating margins,
· supply and demand,
· market outlook in our various markets,
· our other expectations with regard to market outlook,
· utilization,
· parolee, detainee, inmate and youth offender trends,
· pricing and per diem rates,
· contract commencements,
· new contract opportunities,
· operations at, future contracts for, and results from our Regional Correctional Center,
· the timing (including construction, completion and ramp of facility population), cost of completion and other aspects of planned expansions, including without limitation the D. Ray James Prison and Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility expansions, and client contracts for such facilities,
· the construction and lease of the new facility in Hudson, Colorado and our contracts with the Colorado Department of Corrections,
· adequacy of insurance,
· debt levels,
· debt reduction,
· common stock repurchases,
· the effect of FIN No. 48,
· our effective tax rate,
· tax assessments,
· results and effects of legal proceedings and governmental audits and assessments,
· liquidity, including future liquidity and our ability to obtain financing,
· financial markets,
· cash flow from operations,
· adequacy of cash flow for our obligations,
· capital requirements,
· capital expenditures,
· effects of accounting changes and adoption of accounting policies,
· changes in laws and regulations,
· adoption of accounting policies,
· benefit payments, and
· changes in laws and regulations.
Forward-looking statements in this quarterly report are identifiable by, but not limited to, the use of the following words and other similar expressions among others:
· “anticipates”
· “believes”
· “budgets”
· “could”
· “estimates”
· “expects”
3
· “forecasts”
· “intends”
· “may”
· “might”
· “plans”
· “predicts”
· “projects”
· “scheduled”
· “should”
Such statements are subject to numerous risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including, but not limited to:
· those described (in the Company’s 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K) under “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” as filed with the SEC,
· the adequacy of sources of liquidity,
· the effect and results of litigation, audits and contingencies, and
· other factors discussed in this quarterly report and in the Company’s other filings with the SEC, which are available free of charge on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those indicated.
All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or to persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by reference to these risks and uncertainties. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Each forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date of the particular statement, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements.
4
CORNELL COMPANIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share data)
|
| March 31, |
| December 31, |
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ASSETS |
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CURRENT ASSETS: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
| $ | 10,271 |
| $ | 14,613 |
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Accounts receivable — trade (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $4,825 and $4,272, respectively) |
| 67,892 |
| 64,622 |
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Other receivables (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $4,926) |
| 4,074 |
| 4,766 |
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Debt service fund and other restricted assets |
| 31,691 |
| 31,370 |
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Deferred tax assets |
| 9,458 |
| 9,151 |
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Prepaid expenses and other |
| 6,002 |
| 6,368 |
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Total current assets |
| 129,388 |
| 130,890 |
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PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net |
| 450,620 |
| 450,354 |
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OTHER ASSETS: |
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Debt service reserve fund |
| 24,185 |
| 23,750 |
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Goodwill, net |
| 13,308 |
| 13,308 |
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Intangible assets, net |
| 1,872 |
| 2,320 |
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Deferred costs and other |
| 16,228 |
| 16,299 |
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Total assets |
| $ | 635,601 |
| $ | 636,921 |
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LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
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CURRENT LIABILITIES: |
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Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
| $ | 59,532 |
| $ | 69,093 |
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Current portion of long-term debt |
| 12,412 |
| 12,412 |
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Total current liabilities |
| 71,944 |
| 81,505 |
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LONG-TERM DEBT, net of current portion |
| 309,113 |
| 308,070 |
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DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES |
| 18,118 |
| 17,491 |
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OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES |
| 1,833 |
| 1,688 |
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Total liabilities |
| 401,008 |
| 408,754 |
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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
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STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY: |
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Preferred stock, $.001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued |
| — |
| — |
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Common stock, $.001 par value, 30,000,000 shares authorized, 16,242,601 and 16,238,685 shares issued and 14,754,715 and 14,732,522 shares outstanding, respectively |
| 16 |
| 16 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
| 165,356 |
| 164,746 |
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Retained earnings |
| 78,575 |
| 73,318 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive income |
| 1,613 |
| 1,676 |
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Treasury stock (1,487,886 and 1,506,163 shares of common stock, at cost, respectively) |
| (11,888 | ) | (12,034 | ) | ||
Total Cornell Companies, Inc. |
| 233,672 |
| 227,722 |
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Non-controlling interest |
| 921 |
| 445 |
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Total stockholders’ equity |
| 234,593 |
| 228,167 |
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Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
| $ | 635,601 |
| $ | 636,921 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
5
CORNELL COMPANIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
(in thousands, except per share data)
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| Three Months Ended |
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| 2009 |
| 2008 |
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REVENUES |
| $ | 99,710 |
| $ | 95,392 |
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OPERATING EXPENSES, EXCLUDING DEPRECIATION |
| 72,891 |
| 70,209 |
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DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION |
| 4,893 |
| 4,157 |
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GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES |
| 6,138 |
| 6,536 |
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INCOME FROM OPERATIONS |
| 15,788 |
| 14,490 |
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INTEREST EXPENSE |
| 6,199 |
| 6,605 |
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INTEREST INCOME |
| (246 | ) | (310 | ) | ||||
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INCOME FROM OPERATIONS BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES AND NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST |
| 9,835 |
| 8,195 |
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PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES |
| 4,101 |
| 3,561 |
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NET INCOME |
| 5,734 |
| 4,634 |
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NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST |
| 477 |
| — |
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INCOME AVAILABLE TO SHAREHOLDERS |
| $ | 5,257 |
| $ | 4,634 |
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EARNINGS PER SHARE: |
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BASIC |
| $ | .36 |
| $ | .32 |
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DILUTED |
| $ | .36 |
| $ | .32 |
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NUMBER OF SHARES USED IN PER SHARE COMPUTATION: |
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BASIC |
| 14,572 |
| 14,435 |
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DILUTED |
| 14,629 |
| 14,558 |
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COMPREHENSIVE INCOME: |
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Net Income |
| $ | 5,734 |
| $ | 4,634 |
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Other comprehensive income, net of tax: |
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Unrealized gain on derivative instruments, net of tax provision of $511 in 2008 |
| — |
| 735 |
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Total other comprehensive income, net of tax |
| 5,734 |
| 5,369 |
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Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest |
| (477 | ) | — |
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Comprehensive income attributable to Cornell Companies, Inc. |
| $ | 5,257 |
| $ | 5,369 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6
CORNELL COMPANIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)
|
| Three Months Ended |
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| 2009 |
| 2008 |
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CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
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Net income |
| $ | 5,734 |
| $ | 4,634 |
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Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used) in operating activities — |
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Depreciation |
| 4,445 |
| 3,669 |
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Amortization of intangibles and other assets |
| 448 |
| 488 |
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Amortization of deferred financing costs |
| 319 |
| 407 |
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Amortization of Senior Notes discount |
| 46 |
| 46 |
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Amortization of other comprehensive income |
| (64 | ) | — |
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Stock-based compensation |
| 594 |
| 999 |
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Provision for bad debts |
| 668 |
| 1,248 |
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(Gains) losses on sale of property and equipment, net |
| 14 |
| (3 | ) | ||
Deferred income taxes |
| 249 |
| 283 |
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Change in assets and liabilities: |
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Accounts receivable |
| (4,611 | ) | (1,500 | ) | ||
Other restricted assets |
| (375 | ) | (167 | ) | ||
Other assets |
| 854 |
| (259 | ) | ||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
| (10,555 | ) | (1,350 | ) | ||
Other liabilities |
| 145 |
| (1,273 | ) | ||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
| (2,089 | ) | 7,222 |
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CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
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Capital expenditures |
| (3,168 | ) | (11,924 | ) | ||
Payments to restricted debt payment account, net |
| (381 | ) | (650 | ) | ||
Net cash used in investing activities |
| (3,549 | ) | (12,574 | ) | ||
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CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
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Proceeds from line of credit |
| 2,000 |
| 5,000 |
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Payments of line of credit |
| (1,000 | ) | — |
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Payments of capital lease obligations |
| (3 | ) | (3 | ) | ||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
| 299 |
| 156 |
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Net cash provided by financing activities |
| 1,296 |
| 5,153 |
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NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
| (4,342 | ) | (199 | ) | ||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
| 14,613 |
| 3,028 |
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CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD |
| $ | 10,271 |
| $ | 2,829 |
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OTHER NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
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Other comprehensive income |
| $ | — |
| $ | 735 |
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Common stock issued for board of directors fees |
| 115 |
| 148 |
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Purchases and additions to property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
| 1,557 |
| 8,012 |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
7
CORNELL COMPANIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared by Cornell Companies, Inc. (collectively with its subsidiaries and consolidated special purpose entities, unless the context requires otherwise, the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The year-end consolidated balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, adjustments and disclosures necessary for a fair presentation of these financial statements have been included. Estimates were used in the preparation of these financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
2. Accounting Policies
See a description of our accounting policies in our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
3. Stock-Based Compensation
We have an employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) under which employees can make contributions to purchase our common stock. Participation in the plan is elected annually by employees. The plan year typically begins each January 1st (the “Beginning Date”) and ends on December 31st (the “Ending Date”). Purchases of common stock are made at the end of the year using the lower of the fair market value on either the Beginning Date or Ending Date, less a 15% discount. Under SFAS No. 123R our employee-stock purchase plan is considered to be a compensatory ESPP, and therefore, we recognize compensation expense over the requisite service period for grants made under the ESPP.
Our stock incentive plans provide for the granting of stock options (both incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options), stock appreciation rights, restricted stock shares and other stock-based awards to officers, directors and employees of the Company. Grants of stock options made to date under these plans vest over periods up to seven years after the date of grant and expire no more than 10 years after grant.
At March 31, 2008, 127,500 shares of restricted stock were outstanding subject to performance-based vesting criteria (32,500 of these restricted shares were considered market-based restricted stock under SFAS No. 123R). There were also 52,700 stock options outstanding subject to performance-based vesting criteria. We recognized $0.5 million of expense associated with these shares of restricted stock and stock options during the three months ended March 31, 2008.
At March 31, 2009, 153,300 shares of restricted stock were outstanding subject to performance-based vesting criteria (32,500 of these restricted shares were considered market-based restricted stock under SFAS No. 123R). There were also 6,260 stock options outstanding subject to performance-based vesting criteria. We recognized $0.04 million of expense associated with these shares of restricted stock and stock options during the three months ended March 31, 2009.
The amounts above relate to the impact of recognizing compensation expense related to stock options and restricted stock. Compensation expense related to stock options (6,260 shares) and restricted stock (120,800 shares) that vest based upon performance conditions is not recorded for such performance-based awards until it has been deemed probable that the related performance targets allowing the vesting of these options and restricted stock will be met. We are required to periodically re-assess the probability that these options will vest and record expense at that point in time. During the three months ended March 31, 2009 it was not deemed probable that certain performance targets pertaining to certain restricted stock and stock options would be achieved by their vesting date. Accordingly, no compensation expense was recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2009 related to these stock-based awards.
We recognize expense for our stock-based compensation over the vesting period, which represents the period in which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award. We recognize compensation expense for stock-based awards immediately if the award has immediate vesting.
8
Assumptions
The fair values for the significant stock-based awards granted during the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 were estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
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| Three Months Ended |
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| 2009 |
| 2008 |
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Risk-free rate of return |
| 1.90 | % | 3.35 | % | ||
Expected life of award |
| 6.0 years |
| 5.67 years |
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Expected dividend yield of stock |
| 0 | % | 0 | % | ||
Expected volatility of stock |
| 50.49 | % | 38.74 | % | ||
Weighted-average fair value |
| $ | 8.89 |
| $ | 9.46 |
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The expected volatility of stock assumption was derived by referring to changes in the Company’s historical common stock prices over a timeframe similar to that of the expected life of the award. We currently have no reason to believe that future stock volatility will significantly differ from historical stock volatility. Estimated forfeiture rates are derived from historical forfeiture patterns. We believe the historical experience method is the best estimate of forfeitures currently available.
In accordance with SAB 107, we generally considered the “simplified” method for “plain vanilla” options to estimate the expected term of options granted during 2009 and 2008 (where appropriate). For those grants during these periods wherein we had sufficient historical or impartial data to better estimate the expected term, we have done so.
Stock-based award activity on stock options during the three months ended March 31, 2009 was as follows (aggregate intrinsic value in millions):
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| Number |
| Weighted |
| Weighted |
| Aggregate |
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Outstanding at December 31, 2008 |
| 485,699 |
| $ | 15.03 |
| 6.5 |
| $ | 7.3 |
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Granted |
| 40,000 |
| 17.98 |
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Exercised |
| (750 | ) | 12.93 |
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Canceled |
| (7,642 | ) | 14.73 |
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Outstanding at March 31, 2009 |
| 517,307 |
| $ | 15.27 |
| 6.6 |
| $ | 7.9 |
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Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2009 |
| 509,373 |
| $ | 15.16 |
| 6.6 |
| $ | 7.6 |
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Exercisable at March 31, 2009 |
| 444,092 |
| $ | 14.77 |
| 6.4 |
| $ | 6.6 |
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The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 was approximately $0.01 million in each period. Net cash proceeds from the exercise of stock options were approximately $0.3 and $0.2 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
As of March 31, 2009, approximately $0.2 million of estimated expense with respect to time-based nonvested stock-based awards has yet to be recognized and will be amortized into expense over the employee’s remaining requisite service period of approximately 5.8 months.
9
The following table summarizes information with respect to stock options outstanding and exercisable at March 31, 2009.
Range of Exercise Prices |
| Number |
| Weighted |
| Weighted |
| Number |
| Weighted |
| ||
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$3.75 to $10.00 |
| 19,690 |
| 2.5 |
| $ | 5.83 |
| 19,690 |
| $ | 5.83 |
|
$10.01 to $13.50 |
| 152,717 |
| 5.5 |
| 12.83 |
| 145,497 |
| 12.82 |
| ||
$13.51 to $14.50 |
| 193,200 |
| 6.4 |
| 13.95 |
| 180,040 |
| 13.94 |
| ||
$14.51 to $25.00 |
| 151,700 |
| 8.6 |
| 20.62 |
| 98,865 |
| 20.93 |
| ||
|
| 517,307 |
| 6.6 |
| $ | 15.27 |
| 444,092 |
| $ | 14.77 |
|
Stock-based award activity for nonvested awards during the three months ended March 31, 2009 is as follows:
|
| Number |
| Weighted Average |
| |
Nonvested at December 31, 2008 |
| 95,118 |
| $ | 16.09 |
|
Granted |
| 40,000 |
| 17.98 |
| |
Vested |
| (61,903 | ) | 14.74 |
| |
Canceled |
| — |
| — |
| |
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| |
Nonvested at March 31, 2009 |
| 73,215 |
| $ | 18.26 |
|
Restricted Stock
We have previously issued restricted stock under certain employment agreements and stock incentive plans which vests either over a specific period of time, generally three to five years, or which will vest subject to certain market or performance conditions. During the three months ended March 31, 2009, we issued restricted stock as part of our normal equity awards under our 2006 Equity Incentive Plan. These shares of restricted common stock are subject to restrictions on transfer and certain conditions to vesting.
Restricted stock activity for the three months ended March 31, 2009 was as follows:
|
| Number |
| Weighted Average |
| |
Nonvested at December 31, 2008 |
| 403,124 |
| $ | 22.44 |
|
Granted |
| 12,500 |
| 17.50 |
| |
Vested |
| (39,575 | ) | 21.82 |
| |
Canceled |
| — |
| — |
| |
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|
| |
Nonvested at March 31, 2009 |
| 376,049 |
| $ | 22.34 |
|
We recognized $0.4 million of expense associated with nonvested time-based restricted stock awards during the three months ended March 31, 2009. As of March 31, 2009, approximately $2.8 million of estimated expense with respect to nonvested time-based restricted stock awards had yet to be recognized and will be amortized over a weighted average period of 2.2 years. Approximately $3.1 million of estimated expense with respect to nonvested performance-based restricted stock option awards had yet to be recognized as of March 31, 2009.
10
4. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
| March 31, |
| December 31, |
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Non-compete agreements |
| $ | 8,200 |
| $ | 8,200 |
|
Accumulated amortization — non-compete agreements |
| (7,782 | ) | (7,595 | ) | ||
Acquired contract value |
| 6,240 |
| 6,240 |
| ||
Accumulated amortization — acquired contract value |
| (4,786 | ) | (4,525 | ) | ||
Identified intangibles, net |
| 1,872 |
| 2,320 |
| ||
Goodwill, net |
| 13,308 |
| 13,308 |
| ||
Total intangibles, net |
| $ | 15,180 |
| $ | 15,628 |
|
There were no changes in the carrying amount of our goodwill in the three months ended March 31, 2009.
Amortization expense for our non-compete agreements was approximately $0.2 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008.
Amortization expense for our acquired contract value was approximately $0.3 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008.
5. NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”). SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value within generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value measurements for financial assets and liabilities, as well as for any other assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis in the financial statements. SFAS No. 157 became effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years. This statement applies prospectively to financial assets and liabilities. In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) 157-2, which delayed the effective date of SFAS No. 157 by one year for nonfinancial assets and liabilities. Our adoption of SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008 with respect to financial assets and liabilities did not have a material financial impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition. On January 1, 2009, we adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 157 for applying fair value to assets, liabilities and transactions on a non-recurring basis. Adoption of SFAS No. 157 for fair value measurements on a non-recurring basis did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
We adopted SFAS No. 157 on January 1, 2008 for our financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis. As defined in SFAS No. 157, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (“exit price”). SFAS No. 157 requires disclosure that establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 requires that fair value measurements be classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:
Level 1 |
| Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities; |
|
|
|
Level 2 |
| Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and |
|
|
|
Level 3 |
| Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity). |
11
As required by SFAS No. 157, financial assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant for the fair value measurement. The following table summarizes the valuation of our financial assets and liabilities by pricing levels, as defined by the provisions of SFAS No. 157, as of March 31, 2009:
|
| Fair Value as of |
| ||||||||||
|
| Level 1 |
| Level 2 |
| Level 3 |
| Total |
| ||||
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Cash Equivalents |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
|
Corporate Bonds |
| — |
| 10,059 |
| — |
| 10,059 |
| ||||
Money Market Funds |
| — |
| 42,445 |
| — |
| 42,445 |
| ||||
The corporate bonds and money market funds are carried in debt service fund and other restricted assets and the debt service reserve fund in the accompanying balance sheet.
SFAS No. 157 requires a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for fair value measurements using Level 3 inputs. We had no such assets or liabilities which were measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the three months ended March 31, 2009.
FASB Staff Position SFAS No. 157-3
In October 2008, the FASB issued FSP SFAS No. 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active” (“FSP SFAS 157-3”). This FSP clarifies the application of SFAS No. 157 in a market that is not active and provides an example to illustrate key considerations in determining the fair value of a financial asset when the market for that financial asset is not active. This FSP was effective upon issuance, including prior periods for which financial statements have not been issued. We applied this FSP to financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008. The adoption of FSP SFAS 157-3 did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115” (“SFAS No. 159”). SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value and establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 159 became effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, provided the entity elects to apply the provisions of SFAS No. 157. Our adoption of SFAS No. 159 on January 1, 2008 did not have any impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition as we have elected not to apply the provisions of SFAS No. 159 to our financial instruments or other eligible items that are not required to be measured at fair value.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (Revised)
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (Revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS No. 141R”). SFAS No. 141R significantly changes the accounting for business combinations. Under SFAS No. 141R, an acquiring entity will be required to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a transaction at the acquisition-date fair value with limited exceptions. SFAS No. 141R changes the accounting treatment for certain specific items, including acquisition costs, noncontrolling interests, acquired contingent liabilities, in-process research and development costs, restructuring costs and changes in deferred tax asset valuation allowances and income tax uncertainties subsequent to the acquisition date. SFAS No. 141R applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Our adoption of SFAS No. 141 on January 1, 2009 did not have any impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition as we did not have any business combination activity in the three months ended March 31, 2009.
FASB Staff Position No. FAS 142-3
This FSP amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. The intent of this FSP
12
is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142 and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141R, “Business Combinations” and other U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. This FSP is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Our adoption of this FSP on January 1, 2009 did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — An Amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS No. 160”). SFAS No. 160 establishes new accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. SFAS No. 160 requires the recognition of a noncontrolling interest (minority interest) as equity in the consolidated financial statements and separate from the parent’s equity. The amount of net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest will be included in consolidated net income on the face of the income statement. This statement clarifies that changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are equity transactions if the parent retains its controlling financial interest. In addition, this statement requires that a parent recognize a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. Such gain or loss will be measured using the fair value of the noncontrolling equity investment on the deconsolidation date. SFAS No. 160 also includes expanded disclosure requirements regarding the interests of the parent and its noncontrolling interest. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We adopted SFAS No. 160 on January 1, 2009 and applied the provisions retroactively to all periods presented.
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — an Amendment of FASB Statement 133” (“SFAS No. 161”). SFAS No. 161 is intended to improve financial reporting about derivatives and hedging activities by requiring enhanced qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding derivative instruments, gains and losses on such instruments and their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. Our adoption of SFAS No. 161 on January 1, 2009 did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
FASB Staff Position No. EITF 03-6-1
This FSP addresses whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions are participating securities prior to vesting and, therefore, need to be included in the earnings allocation in computing earnings per share (“EPS”) under the two-class method described in FASB Statement No. 128, “Earnings Per Share”. This FSP is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and the interim periods within those years. All prior-period EPS data will have to be adjusted retrospectively (including interim financial statements, summaries of earnings, and selected financial data) to conform to the provisions of this FSP. Our adoption of this FSP in January 2009 did not have a significant effect on our earnings per share.
New Accounting Pronouncement Not Yet Adopted
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 162
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“SFAS No. 162”). SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. SFAS No. 162 is effective sixty days following the SEC’s approval of Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of ‘Present Fairly’ in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” We do not expect this pronouncement to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
13
6. Credit Facilities
Our long-term debt consisted of the following (in thousands):
|
| March 31, |
| December 31, |
| ||
|
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| ||
Debt of Cornell Companies, Inc.: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Senior Notes, unsecured, due July 2012 with an interest rate of 10.75%, net of discount |
| $ | 111,401 |
| $ | 111,356 |
|
Revolving Line of Credit due December 2011 with an interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.50% to 2.25% or prime plus 0.00% to 0.75% (the “Amended Credit Facility”) |
| 76,000 |
| 75,000 |
| ||
Capital lease obligations |
| 24 |
| 26 |
| ||
Subtotal |
| 187,425 |
| 186,382 |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Debt of Special Purpose Entity (MCF): |
|
|
|
|
| ||
8.47% Bonds due 2016 |
| 134,100 |
| 134,100 |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Total consolidated debt |
| 321,525 |
| 320,482 |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Less: current maturities |
| (12,412 | ) | (12,412 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Consolidated long-term debt |
| $ | 309,113 |
| $ | 308,070 |
|
Long-Term Credit Facilities. Our Amended Credit Facility provides for borrowings up to $100.0 million (including letters of credit), matures in December 2011 and bears interest, at our election depending on our total leverage ratio, at either the LIBOR rate plus a margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.25%, or a rate which ranges from 0.00% to 0.75% above the applicable prime rate. The available commitment under our Amended Credit Facility was approximately $8.6 million at March 31, 2009. We had outstanding borrowings under our Amended Credit Facility of $76.0 million and we had outstanding letters of credit of approximately $15.4 million at March 31, 2009. Subject to certain requirements, we have the right to increase the commitments under our Amended Credit Facility up to $150.0 million, although the indenture for our Senior Notes limits our ability, subject to certain conditions, to expand the Amended Credit Facility beyond $100.0 million. We can provide no assurance that all of the banks that have made commitments to us under our Amended Credit Facility would be willing to participate in an expansion to the Amended Credit Facility should we desire to do so. The Amended Credit Facility is collateralized by substantially all of our assets, including the assets and stock of all of our subsidiaries. The Amended Credit Facility is not secured by the assets of MCF, a special purpose entity. Our Amended Credit Facility contains commonly used covenants including compliance with laws and limitations on certain financing transactions and mergers and also includes various financial covenants. We believe the most restrictive covenant under our Amended Credit Facility is the fixed charge coverage ratio. At March 31, 2009, we were in compliance with all of our debt financial covenants.
Municipal Corrections Finance, L.P. (“MCF”) is obligated for the outstanding balance of its 8.47% Taxable Revenue Bonds, Series 2001. The bonds bear interest at a rate of 8.47% per annum and are payable in semi-annual installments of interest and annual installments of principal. All unpaid principal and accrued interest on the bonds is due on the earlier of August 1, 2016 (maturity) or as noted under the bond documents.
The bonds are limited, nonrecourse obligations of MCF and secured by the property and equipment, bond reserves, assignment of subleases and substantially all assets related to the facilities included in the 2001 Sale and Leaseback Transaction (in which we sold eleven facilities to MCF). The bonds are not guaranteed by Cornell.
In June 2004, we issued $112.0 million in principal of 10.75% Senior Notes the (“Senior Notes”) due July 1, 2012. The Senior Notes are unsecured senior indebtedness and are guaranteed by all of our existing and future subsidiaries (collectively, the “Guarantors”). The Senior Notes are not guaranteed by MCF (the “Non-Guarantor”). Interest on the Senior Notes is payable semi-annually on January 1 and July 1 of each year, commencing January 1, 2005. On or after July 1, 2008, we may redeem all or a portion of the Senior Notes at the redemption prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount) listed below, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the Senior Notes redeemed, to the applicable date of redemption, if redeemed during the 12-month period commencing on July 1 of each of the years indicated below:
14
Year |
| Percentages |
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
| 105.375 | % |
2009 |
| 102.688 | % |
2010 and thereafter |
| 100.000 | % |
Upon the occurrence of specified change of control events, unless we have exercised our option to redeem all the Senior Notes as described above, each holder will have the right to require us to repurchase all or a portion of such holder’s Senior Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes repurchased plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the Senior Notes repurchased, to the applicable date of purchase. The Senior Notes were issued under an indenture which limits our ability and the ability of our Guarantors to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends or make other distributions, make other restricted payments and investments, create liens, enter into transactions with affiliates, and engage in mergers, consolidations and certain sales of assets.
In conjunction with the issuance of the Senior Notes, we entered into an interest rate swap transaction with a financial institution to hedge our exposure to changes in the fair value on $84.0 million of our Senior Notes. The purpose of this transaction was to convert future interest due on $84.0 million of the Senior Notes to a variable rate. The terms of the interest rate swap contract and the underlying debt instrument were identical. The swap agreement was designated as a fair value hedge. The swap had a notional amount of $84.0 million and was scheduled to mature in July 2012 to mirror the maturity of the Senior Notes. Under the agreement, we paid, on a semi-annual basis (each January 1 and July 1), a floating rate based on a six-month U.S. dollar LIBOR rate, plus a spread, and received a fixed-rate interest of 10.75%. The swap agreement was marked to market each quarter with a corresponding mark-to-market adjustment reflected as either a discount or premium on the Senior Notes. The carrying value of the Senior Notes as of this date was adjusted accordingly by the same amount. Because the swap agreement was an effective fair-value hedge, there was no effect on our results of operations from the mark-to-market adjustment as long as the swap was in effect. In October 2007, we terminated the swap agreement. We received approximately $0.2 million in conjunction with the termination, which is being amortized over the remaining term of the Senior Notes.
7. Income Taxes
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 established a single model to address the accounting for uncertain tax positions. FIN 48 clarified the accounting for income taxes by prescribing a minimum recognition threshold a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 also provided guidance on the measurement, recognition, classification and disclosure of tax positions, as well as the accounting for the related interest and penalties, transition and accounting in interim periods.
We adopted the provisions of FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007. As a result of our adoption of FIN 48, we recorded an adjustment of approximately $0.3 million which increased retained earnings at January 1, 2007. At December 31, 2008, the total amount of our unrecognized tax benefits was approximately $2.5 million. There were no material changes to the total amount of our unrecognized tax benefits in the three months ended March 31, 2009.
Estimated interest and penalties related to the underpayment of income taxes are classified as a component of income tax expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. There were no material changes to interest and penalties in the three months ended March 31, 2009. Accrued interest and penalties were approximately $0.2 million at both March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008.
We are subject to income tax in the United States and many of the individual states we operate in. We currently have significant operations in Texas, California, Oklahoma, Georgia, Illinois and Pennsylvania. State income tax returns are generally subject to examination for a period of three to five years after filing. The state impact of any changes made to the federal return remains subject to examination by various states for a period up to one year after formal notification to the state. We are open to United States Federal Income Tax examinations for the tax years ended December 31, 2005 through December 31, 2007. The 2006 federal income tax return is currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service. We expect the audit to close within the next 12 months.
We do not anticipate a significant change in the balance of our unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months.
15
8. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share (EPS) are computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution from common stock equivalents such as stock options and warrants. For the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, there were 141,700 shares ($20.98 average price) and 64,200 shares ($23.24 average price), respectively, of stock options that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because to do so would have been anti-dilutive.
The following table summarizes the calculation of net earnings and weighted average common shares and common equivalent shares outstanding for purposes of the computation of earnings per share (in thousands, except per share data):
|
| Three Months Ended |
| ||||
|
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Net income |
| $ | 5,257 |
| $ | 4,634 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Weighted average common share outstanding |
| 14,572 |
| 14,435 |
| ||
Weighted average common share equivalents outstanding |
| 57 |
| 123 |
| ||
Weighted average common shares and common share equivalents outstanding |
| 14,629 |
| 14,558 |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Basic income per share |
| $ | .36 |
| $ | .32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Diluted income per share |
| $ | .36 |
| $ | .32 |
|
9. Commitments and Contingencies
Financial Guarantees
During the normal course of business, we enter into contracts that contain a variety of representations and warranties and provide general indemnifications. Our maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown as this would involve future claims that may be made against us that have not yet occurred. However, based on experience, we believe the risk of loss to be remote.
Legal Proceedings
We are party to various legal proceedings, including those noted below. While management presently believes that the ultimate outcome of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, overall trends in results of operations or cash flows, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and unfavorable rulings could occur. An unfavorable ruling could include monetary damages or equitable relief, and could have a material adverse impact on the net income of the period in which the ruling occurs or in future periods.
Valencia County Detention Center
In April 2007, a lawsuit was filed against the Company in the Federal District Court in Albuquerque, New Mexico, by Joe Torres and Eufrasio Armijo, who each alleged that he was strip searched at the Valencia County Detention Center (“VCDC”) in New Mexico in violation of his federal rights under the Fourth, Fourteenth and Eighth amendments to the U.S. Constitution. The claimants also alleged violation of their rights under state law and sought to bring the case as a class action on behalf of themselves and all detainees at VCDC during the applicable statutes of limitation. The plaintiffs sought damages and declaratory and injunctive relief. Valencia County is also a named defendant in the case and operated the VCDC for a significantly greater portion of the period covered by the lawsuit.
In December 2008, the parties agreed to a proposed stipulation of settlement and the Court has preliminarily approved the settlement. The settlement amount under the terms of the agreement is $3.3 million. Cornell’s portion of the stipulated settlement, based on the number of inmates housed at VCDC during the time Cornell operated the facility in comparison to the number of inmates housed at the facility during the time Valencia County operated the facility, is $1.2 million and was funded principally through our general liability and professional liability coverage.
16
In the year ended December 31, 2007, we previously provided insurance reserves for this matter (as part of our regular review of reported and unreported claims) totaling approximately $0.5 million. During the fourth quarter of 2008, we recorded an additional settlement charge of approximately $0.7 million and the related reimbursement from our general liability and professional liability insurance. The charge and reimbursement were recognized in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2008. The reimbursement was funded by the insurance carrier in the first quarter of 2009 into a settlement account, where it will remain until payments are made to the settlement class members. The Court granted preliminary approval of the settlement in the first quarter of 2009, and the claims administration process is underway. A hearing for final approval by the Court has been scheduled for July, 2009. We expect the claims administration process to be completed in the fourth quarter of 2009.
Shareholder Lawsuits
On October 19, 2006, a purported class action complaint was filed in the District Court of Harris County, Texas, 269th Judicial District (No. 2006-67413) by Ted Kinbergy, an alleged stockholder of Cornell. The complaint names as defendants Cornell and each member of the board of directors at the time of the suit, as well as Veritas Capital Fund III, L.P. (“Veritas”). The complaint alleges, among other things, that (i) the defendants have breached fiduciary duties they assertedly owed to our stockholders in connection with our entering into the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 6, 2006, with Veritas, Cornell Holding Corp., and CCI Acquisition Corp., and (ii) the merger consideration is unfair and inadequate. The plaintiffs sought, among other things, an injunction against the consummation of the merger. The proposed merger was rejected at a special meeting of our stockholders held on January 23, 2007. Consequently, we believe the case is moot. Based upon our agreement to pay Plaintiffs’ legal fees, the Plaintiffs filed an Unopposed Motion for Dismissal with Prejudice with the Court in April, 2009. On April 28, 2009, the Court granted the Motion and dismissed all claims with prejudice.
Other
We hold insurance policies to cover potential director and officer liability, some of which may limit our cash outflows in the event of a decision adverse to us in the matters discussed above. However, if an adverse decision in these matters exceeds the insurance coverage or if the insurance coverage is deemed not to apply to these matters, it could have a material adverse effect on us, our financial condition, results of operations and future cash flows.
Additionally, we currently and from time to time are subject to claims and suits arising in the ordinary course of business, including claims for damages for personal injuries or for wrongful restriction of or interference with offender privileges and employment matters. If an adverse decision in these matters exceeds our insurance coverage, or if our coverage is deemed not to apply to these matters, or if the underlying insurance carrier was unable to fulfill its obligation under the insurance coverage provided, it could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
While the outcome of such other matters cannot be predicted with certainty, based on the information known to date, we believe that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, but could be material to operating results or cash flows for a particular reporting period.
10. Derivative Financial Instruments And Guarantees
Debt Service Reserve Fund and Debt Service Fund
In August 2001, MCF completed a bond offering to finance the 2001 Sale and Leaseback Transaction in which we sold eleven facilities to MCF. In connection with this bond offering, two reserve fund accounts were established by MCF pursuant to the terms of the indenture: (1) MCF’s Debt Service Reserve Fund, aggregating $28.3 million at March 31, 2009, was established to make payments on MCF’s outstanding bonds in the event we (as lessee) should fail to make the scheduled rental payments to MCF and (2) MCF’s Debt Service Fund, aggregating $24.2 million at March 31, 2009, was established to accumulate the monthly lease payments that MCF receives from us until such funds are used to pay MCF’s semi-annual bond interest and annual bond principal payments. These reserve funds are typically invested in short-term money markets and commercial paper. Both reserve fund accounts were subject to agreements with the MCF Equity Investors (Lehman Brothers, Inc. (“Lehman”)) whereby guaranteed rates of return of 3.0% and 5.08%, respectively, were provided for in the balance of the Debt Service Reserve Fund and the Debt Service Fund. The guaranteed rates of return were characterized as cash flow hedge derivative instruments. At inception, the derivative instruments had an aggregate fair value of $4.0 million, which was recorded as a decrease to the equity investment in MCF made by the MCF Equity Investors (MCF minority interest) and as a liability in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments were recorded as an adjustment to other long-term liabilities and reported as other comprehensive income (loss) in
17
our Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Due to the bankruptcy of Lehman in 2008, the derivative instruments no longer qualified as a hedge and were de-designated. Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive income are reclassified into earnings during the same periods in which interest is earned on debt service funds. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives after de-designation were recorded to earnings. At December 31, 2008, the fair value was determined to be zero. The derivatives were terminated in the first quarter of 2009 with a fair value of zero.
In connection with MCF’s bond offering, Lehman also provided a guarantee of the Debt Service Reserve Fund if a bankruptcy of the Company were to occur and a trustee for the estate of the Company were to include the Debt Service Reserve Fund as an asset of the Company’s estate. This guarantee was characterized as an insurance contract and its fair value was being amortized to expense over the life of the debt. Due to the bankruptcy of Lehman in 2008, the full carrying value of the insurance guarantee was determined to be unrecoverable. Accordingly, we recorded a charge of $1.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2008.
��
11. Segment Disclosure
Our three operating divisions are our reportable segments. The Adult Secure Services segment consists of the operations of secure adult incarceration facilities. The Abraxas Youth and Family Services segment consists of providing residential treatment and educational programs and non-residential community-based programs to juveniles between the ages of 10 and 17 who have either been adjudicated or suffer from behavioral problems. The Adult Community-Based Services segment consists of providing pre-release and halfway house programs for adult offenders who are either on probation or serving the last three to six-months of their sentences on parole and preparing for re-entry into society at large as well as community-based treatment and education programs as an alternative to incarceration. All of our customers and long-lived assets are located in the United States of America. The accounting policies of our reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies in Note 2 in our 2008 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Intangible assets are not included in each segment’s reportable assets, and the amortization of intangible assets is not included in the determination of a reportable segment’s operating income. We evaluate performance based on income or loss from operations before general and administrative expenses, amortization of intangibles, interest and income taxes. Corporate and other assets are comprised primarily of cash, investment securities available for sale, accounts receivable, debt service and debt service reserve funds, deposits, property and equipment, deferred taxes, deferred costs and other assets. Corporate and other expense from operations primarily consists of depreciation and amortization on the corporate office facilities and equipment and specific general and administrative charges pertaining to corporate personnel. Such expenses are presented separately, as they cannot be readily identified for allocation to a particular segment.
18
The only significant non-cash items reported in the respective segments’ income from operations is depreciation and amortization (excluding intangibles) and impairment of long-lived assets (in thousands).
|
| Three Months Ended |
| ||||
|
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
| ||
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Adult Secure Services |
| $ | 56,858 |
| $ | 49,899 |
|
Abraxas Youth and Family Services |
| 25,689 |
| 27,773 |
| ||
Adult Community-Based Services |
| 17,163 |
| 17,720 |
| ||
Total revenues |
| $ | 99,710 |
| $ | 95,392 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Income from operations: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Adult Secure Services |
| $ | 17,118 |
| $ | 15,113 |
|
Abraxas Youth and Family Services |
| 734 |
| 1,768 |
| ||
Adult Community-Based Services |
| 4,767 |
| 4,809 |
| ||
Sub-total |
| 22,619 |
| 21,690 |
| ||
General and administrative expenses |
| (6,138 | ) | (6,536 | ) | ||
Amortization of intangibles |
| (448 | ) | (488 | ) | ||
Corporate and other expenses |
| (245 | ) | (176 | ) | ||
Total income from operations |
| $ | 15,788 |
| $ | 14,490 |
|
|
| March 31, |
| December 31, |
| ||
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
| ||
Adult Secure Services |
| $ | 358,773 |
| $ | 358,406 |
|
Abraxas Youth and Family Services |
| 107,958 |
| 105,991 |
| ||
Adult Community-Based Services |
| 62,410 |
| 60,170 |
| ||
Intangible assets, net |
| 15,180 |
| 15,628 |
| ||
Corporate and other |
| 91,280 |
| 96,726 |
| ||
Total assets |
| $ | 635,601 |
| $ | 636,921 |
|
12. Guarantor Disclosures
We completed an offering of $112.0 million of Senior Notes in June 2004. The Senior Notes are guaranteed by each of our subsidiaries (Guarantor Subsidiaries). MCF does not guarantee the Senior Notes (“Non-Guarantor Subsidiary”). These guarantees are joint and several obligations of the Guarantor Subsidiaries. The following condensed consolidating financial information presents the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the Parent, the Guarantor Subsidiaries and the Non-Guarantor Subsidiary, together with the consolidating adjustments necessary to present our results on a consolidated basis.
19
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2009 (in thousands) (unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
| Non- |
|
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
| Guarantor |
| Guarantor |
|
|
|
|
| |||||
|
| Parent |
| Subsidiaries |
| Subsidiary |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Current assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
| $ | 9,863 |
| $ | 370 |
| $ | 38 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 10,271 |
|
Accounts receivable |
| 1,165 |
| 70,778 |
| 23 |
| — |
| 71,966 |
| |||||
Restricted assets |
| — |
| 3,372 |
| 28,319 |
| — |
| 31,691 |
| |||||
Prepaids and other |
| 13,823 |
| 1,637 |
| — |
| — |
| 15,460 |
| |||||
Total current assets |
| 24,851 |
| 76,157 |
| 28,380 |
| — |
| 129,388 |
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Property and equipment, net |
| 101 |
| 313,601 |
| 141,360 |
| (4,442 | ) | 450,620 |
| |||||
Other Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Debt service reserve fund |
| — |
| — |
| 24,185 |
| — |
| 24,185 |
| |||||
Deferred costs and other |
| 61,722 |
| 23,000 |
| 5,200 |
| (58,514 | ) | 31,408 |
| |||||
Investments in subsidiaries |
| 82,426 |
| 1,856 |
| — |
| (84,282 | ) | — |
| |||||
Total assets |
| $ | 169,100 |
| $ | 414,614 |
| $ | 199,125 |
| $ | (147,238 | ) | $ | 635,601 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
| $ | 43,896 |
| $ | 13,024 |
| $ | 1,957 |
| $ | 655 |
| $ | 59,532 |
|
Current portion of long-term debt |
| — |
| 12 |
| 12,400 |
| — |
| 12,412 |
| |||||
Total current liabilities |
| 43,896 |
| 13,036 |
| 14,357 |
| 655 |
| 71,944 |
| |||||
Long-term debt, net of current portion |
| 187,402 |
| 11 |
| 121,700 |
| — |
| 309,113 |
| |||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
| 16,917 |
| 94 |
| — |
| 1,107 |
| 18,118 |
| |||||
Other long-term liabilities |
| 5,861 |
| 164 |
| 58,329 |
| (62,521 | ) | 1,833 |
| |||||
Intercompany |
| (318,648 | ) | 318,653 |
|
|
| (5 | ) | — |
| |||||
Total liabilities |
| (64,572 | ) | 331,958 |
| 194,386 |
| (60,764 | ) | 401,008 |
| |||||
Total Cornell Companies, Inc. stockholders’ equity |
| 233,672 |
| 82,656 |
|
|
| (82,656 | ) | 233,672 |
| |||||
Non-controlling interest |
| — |
| — |
| 4,739 |
| (3,818 | ) | 921 |
| |||||
Total stockholders’ equity |
| 233,672 |
| 82,656 |
| 4,739 |
| (86,474 | ) | 234,593 |
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
| $ | 169,100 |
| $ | 414,614 |
| $ | 199,125 |
| $ | (147,238 | ) | $ | 635,601 |
|
20
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2008 (in thousands)
|
|
|
|
|
| Non- |
|
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
| Guarantor |
| Guarantor |
|
|
|
|
| |||||
|
| Parent |
| Subsidiaries |
| Subsidiary |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|
| �� |
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Current Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
| $ | 14,291 |
| $ | 265 |
| $ | 57 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 14,613 |
|
Accounts receivable |
| 2,045 |
| 66,921 |
| 422 |
| — |
| 69,388 |
| |||||
Restricted assets |
| — |
| 3,432 |
| 27,938 |
| — |
| 31,370 |
| |||||
Prepaids and other |
| 13,875 |
| 1,644 |
| — |
| — |
| 15,519 |
| |||||
Total current assets |
| 30,211 |
| 72,262 |
| 28,417 |
| — |
| 130,890 |
| |||||
Property and equipment, net |
| 101 |
| 312,446 |
| 141,975 |
| (4,168 | ) | 450,354 |
| |||||
Other assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Debt service reserve fund |
| — |
| — |
| 23,750 |
| — |
| 23,750 |
| |||||
Deferred costs and other |
| 60,322 |
| 23,267 |
| 5,367 |
| (57,029 | ) | 31,927 |
| |||||
Investments in subsidiaries |
| 73,197 |
| 1,856 |
| — |
| (75,053 | ) | — |
| |||||
Total assets |
| $ | 163,831 |
| $ | 409,831 |
| $ | 199,509 |
| $ | (136,250 | ) | $ | 636,921 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Current liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
| $ | 48,373 |
| $ | 15,515 |
| $ | 4,883 |
| $ | 322 |
| $ | 69,093 |
|
Current portion of long-term debt |
| — |
| 12 |
| 12,400 |
| — |
| 12,412 |
| |||||
Total current liabilities |
| 48,373 |
| 15,527 |
| 17,283 |
| 322 |
| 81,505 |
| |||||
Long-term debt, net of current portion |
| 186,356 |
| 14 |
| 121,700 |
| — |
| 308,070 |
| |||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
| 16,246 |
| 94 |
| — |
| 1,151 |
| 17,491 |
| |||||
Other long-term liabilities |
| 5,851 |
| 113 |
| 56,733 |
| (61,009 | ) | 1,688 |
| |||||
Intercompany |
| (320,717 | ) | 320,722 |
|
|
| (5 | ) | — |
| |||||
Total liabilities |
| (63,891 | ) | 336,470 |
| 195,716 |
| (59,541 | ) | 408,754 |
| |||||
Total Cornell Companies, Inc. stockholders’ equity |
| 227,722 |
| 73,361 |
| 3,793 |
| (77,154 | ) | 227,722 |
| |||||
Non-controlling interest |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| 445 |
| 445 |
| |||||
Total stockholders’ equity |
| 227,722 |
| 73,361 |
| 3,793 |
| (76,709 | ) | 228,167 |
| |||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |
| $ | 163,831 |
| $ | 409,831 |
| $ | 199,509 |
| $ | (136,250 | ) | $ | 636,921 |
|
21
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2009 (in thousands) (unaudited)
|
| Parent |
| Guarantor |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Revenues |
| $ | 4,502 |
| $ | 117,820 |
| $ | 4,502 |
| $ | (27,114 | ) | $ | 99,710 |
|
Operating expenses, excluding depreciation |
| 4,138 |
| 95,739 |
| 42 |
| (27,028 | ) | 72,891 |
| |||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| — |
| 4,006 |
| 881 |
| 6 |
| 4,893 |
| |||||
General and administrative expenses |
| 6,119 |
| — |
| 19 |
| — |
| 6,138 |
| |||||
Income (loss) from operations |
| (5,755 | ) | 18,075 |
| 3,560 |
| (92 | ) | 15,788 |
| |||||
Overhead allocations |
| (8,377 | ) | 8,377 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| |||||
Interest, net |
| 1,954 |
| 1,337 |
| 2,882 |
| (220 | ) | 5,953 |
| |||||
Equity earnings in subsidiaries |
| 8,360 |
| — |
| — |
| (8,360 | ) | — |
| |||||
Income before provision for income taxes |
| 9,028 |
| 8,361 |
| 678 |
| (8,232 | ) | 9,835 |
| |||||
Provision for income taxes |
| 3,771 |
| — |
| — |
| 330 |
| 4,101 |
| |||||
Net income |
| 5,257 |
| 8,361 |
| 678 |
| (8,562 | ) | 5,734 |
| |||||
Non-controlling interest |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| 477 |
| 477 |
| |||||
Income available to shareholders |
| $ | 5,257 |
| $ | 8,361 |
| $ | 678 |
| $ | (9,039 | ) | $ | 5,257 |
|
22
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2008 (in thousands) (unaudited)
|
| Parent |
| Guarantor |
| Non- |
| Eliminations |
| Consolidated |
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Revenues |
| $ | 4,502 |
| $ | 108,496 |
| $ | 4,502 |
| $ | (22,108 | ) | $ | 95,392 |
|
Operating expenses, excluding depreciation |
| 3,086 |
| 89,135 |
| 12 |
| (22,024 | ) | 70,209 |
| |||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| ¾ |
| 3,260 |
| 1,056 |
| (159 | ) | 4,157 |
| |||||
General and administrative expenses |
| 6,517 |
| ¾ |
| 19 |
| ¾ |
| 6,536 |
| |||||
Income (loss) from operations |
| (5,101 | ) | 16,101 |
| 3,415 |
| 75 |
| 14,490 |
| |||||
Overhead allocations |
| (13,342 | ) | 13,342 |
| ¾ |
| ¾ |
| ¾ |
| |||||
Interest, net |
| 2,068 |
| 1,273 |
| 3,016 |
| (62 | ) | 6,295 |
| |||||
Equity earnings in subsidiaries |
| 1,802 |
| ¾ |
| ¾ |
| (1,802 | ) | ¾ |
| |||||
Income before provision for income taxes |
| 7,975 |
| 1,486 |
| 399 |
| (1,665 | ) | 8,195 |
| |||||
Provision for income taxes |
| 3,341 |
| ¾ |
| ¾ |
| 220 |
| 3,561 |
| |||||
Net income |
| $ | 4,634 |
| $ | 1,486 |
| $ | 399 |
| $ | (1,885 | ) | $ | 4,634 |
|
23
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2009 (in thousands) (unaudited)
|
| Parent |
| Guarantor |
| Non- |
| Consolidated |
| ||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
| $ | (5,727 | ) | $ | 3,276 |
| $ | 362 |
| $ | (2,089 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Cash flows from investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Capital expenditures |
| — |
| (3,168 | ) | — |
| (3,168 | ) | ||||
Payments to restricted debt payment account, net |
| — |
| — |
| (381 | ) | (381 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
| — |
| (3,168 | ) | (381 | ) | (3,549 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Proceeds from line of credit |
| 2,000 |
| — |
| — |
| 2,000 |
| ||||
Payments on line of credit |
| (1,000 | ) | — |
| — |
| (1,000 | ) | ||||
Payments on capital lease obligations |
| — |
| (3 | ) | — |
| (3 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
| 299 |
| — |
| — |
| 299 |
| ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
| 1,299 |
| (3 | ) | — |
| 1,296 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
| (4,428 | ) | 105 |
| (19 | ) | (4,342 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
| 14,291 |
| 265 |
| 57 |
| 14,613 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
| $ | 9,863 |
| $ | 370 |
| $ | 38 |
| $ | 10,271 |
|
24
Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2008 (in thousands) (unaudited)
|
| Parent |
| Guarantor |
| Non- |
| Consolidated |
| ||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
| $ | (5,136 | ) | $ | 11,736 |
| $ | 622 |
| $ | 7,222 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Cash flows from investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Capital expenditures |
| ¾ |
| (11,924 | ) | ¾ |
| (11,924 | ) | ||||
Payments to restricted debt payment account, net |
| ¾ |
| ¾ |
| (650 | ) | (650 | ) | ||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
| ¾ |
| (11,924 | ) | (650 | ) | (12,574 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Proceeds from line of credit |
| 5,000 |
| ¾ |
| ¾ |
| 5,000 |
| ||||
Payments on capital lease obligations |
| ¾ |
| (3 | ) | ¾ |
| (3 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
| 156 |
| ¾ |
| ¾ |
| 156 |
| ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
| 5,156 |
| (3 | ) | ¾ |
| 5,153 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
| 20 |
| (191 | ) | (28 | ) | (199 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
| 2,565 |
| 408 |
| 55 |
| 3,028 |
| ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
| $ | 2,585 |
| $ | 217 |
| $ | 27 |
| $ | 2,829 |
|
25
ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
General
Cornell is a leading provider of correctional, detention, educational, rehabilitation and treatment services outsourced by federal, state and local government agencies. We provide a diversified portfolio of services for adults and juveniles through our three operating divisions: (1) Adult Secure Services; (2) Abraxas Youth and Family Services and (3) Adult Community-Based Services. At March 31, 2009, we operated 69 facilities with a total service capacity of 20,122 beds and had one facility with a service capacity of 70 beds that was vacant. Our facilities are located in 15 states and the District of Columbia.
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated total residential service capacity and contracted beds in operation at the end of the periods shown, average contract occupancy percentages and total non-residential service capacity.
|
| Three Months Ended |
| ||
|
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Residential |
|
|
|
|
|
Service capacity (1) |
| 17,634 |
| 16,056 |
|
Contracted beds in operation (end of period) (2) |
| 16,780 |
| 14,618 |
|
Average contract occupancy based on contracted beds in operation (3) (4) |
| 93.2 | % | 95.5 | % |
Non-Residential |
|
|
|
|
|
Service capacity (5) |
| 2,558 |
| 2,953 |
|
(1) | Residential service capacity is comprised of the number of beds currently available for service in our residential facilities. |
(2) | At certain residential facilities, the contracted capacity is lower than the facility’s service capacity. We could increase a facility’s contracted capacity by obtaining additional contracts or by renegotiating existing contracts to increase the number of beds covered. However, we may not be able to obtain contracts that provide occupancy levels at a facility’s service capacity or be able to maintain current contracted capacities in future periods. |
(3) | Occupancy percentages reflect less than normalized occupancy during the start-up phase of any applicable facility, resulting in a lower average occupancy in periods when we have substantial start-up activities. |
(4) | Average contract occupancy percentages are calculated based on actual occupancy for the period as a percentage of the contracted capacity for residential facilities in operation. These percentages do not reflect the operations of non-residential community-based programs. At certain residential facilities, our contracted capacity is lower than the facility’s service capacity. Additionally, certain facilities have and are currently operating above the contracted capacity. As a result, average contract occupancy percentages can exceed 100% if the average actual occupancy exceeded contracted capacity. |
(5) | Service capacity for non-residential programs is based on either contractual terms or an estimate of the number of clients to be served. We update these estimates at least annually based on the program’s budget and other factors. |
Our operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2009 were impacted by a few significant events. We completed the 700 bed expansion at D. Ray James Prison at the beginning of April 2009, and continued construction on a new 1,250 bed facility in Hudson, Colorado. Our 2008 results of operation were positively affected by a 300 bed expansion at the D. Ray James Prison which we activated in February 2008. In addition, in the three months ended March 31, 2008 we recorded a contract-based revenue adjustment of approximately $1.5 million at the Regional Correctional Center (“RCC”) for the contract year ended March 2008.
Although we believe we will continue to see steady demand across our various business segments and our customer base (federal, state and local) in 2009, we are monitoring the declining economic trends and related government budget plans and the effect tightened spending plans could have on our business. We expect a key driver for our performance in 2009 to be our ability to manage our various facility expansions currently in process and bring them on line. We also plan to remain focused on our operating margins, on increasing utilization (particularly in the Abraxas division) and improving customer mix as we believe those initiatives are key elements of our financial performance.
Management Overview
Demand. Our business is driven generally by demand for incarceration or treatment services, and specifically by demand for private incarceration or treatment services, within our three primary business segments: Adult Secure Services; Abraxas Youth and Family Services; and Adult Community-Based Services. The demand for adult and juvenile corrections and treatment
26
services has generally increased at a steady rate over the past ten years, largely as a result of increasing sentence terms and/or mandatory sentences for criminals and as well a greater range of criminal acts, increasing demand for incarceration of illegal aliens and a public recognition of the need to provide services to juveniles that will improve the possibility that they will lead productive lives. Moreover, demand for our services is also affected by the amount of available capacity in the government systems to enable governments to provide the services themselves, as well as desire and ability of these systems to add additional capacity. In addition, the balance between community-based corrections treatment of adults as an alternative to traditional incarceration continues to be analyzed by many political and societal parties. Among other things, we monitor federal, state and industry communications and statistics relative to trends in prison populations, juvenile justice statistics and initiatives, and developments in alternatives to traditional incarceration or detention of adults for opportunities to expand our scope or delivery of services.
The federal government contracts with private providers for the incarceration of adults, whether they are serving prison sentences, detained as illegal aliens, detained in anticipation of pending judicial administration or transitioning from prison to society. Chief among the federal agencies which use private providers are the Federal Bureau of Prisons (“BOP”), U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (“ICE”) and United States Marshalls Service (“USMS”). We provide adult secure and adult community-based services to the federal government. Most of the federal involvement in juvenile administration in the federal system is handled via Medicare and Medicaid assistance to state governments. Although there are circumstances in which we may contract with a federal agency on a sole source basis, the primary means by which we secure a contract with a federal agency is via the RFP bidding process. From time to time, we contract to provide management services to a local governmental unit who then bids on a federal contract.
States and smaller governmental units remain divided on the issue of private prisons and private provision of juvenile and community-based programs, although a majority of states permit private provision for our services. We anticipate that increasing budget pressure on states and smaller governmental units may cause more states and smaller governmental units to consider utilizing private providers such as us to provide these services on a more economical basis. We believe capital budget constraints among prison agencies may encourage them to continue to explore outsourcing to private operators as an alternative to deploying their own capital for prison construction or major refurbishment. Although it varies from governmental unit to governmental unit, the primary political forces who typically oppose privatization of prisons are organized labor and religious groups.
Private juvenile and community-based programs are utilized by states and local governmental units and are organized on a profit and not-for-profit basis. We monitor opportunities in these segments via our corporate and business division development officers. Many opportunities are not published in any manner and, accordingly, we believe that taking the initiative at the state and local levels is key in developing sole source opportunities.
Performance. We track a number of factors as we monitor financial performance. Chief among them are:
· capacity (the number of beds within each business segment’s facilities),
· occupancy (utilization),
· per diem reimbursement rates,
· revenues,
· operating margins, and
· operating expenses.
Capacity. Capacity, commonly expressed in terms of number of beds, is primarily impacted by the number and size of the facilities we own or lease and the facilities we operate on behalf of a third party owner or lessee. We view capacity as one of the measures of our development efforts, through which we may increase capacity by adding new projects or by expanding existing projects (as we have done in 2007 through 2009 at several of our facilities including Great Plains Correctional Facility and D. Ray James Prison). As part of the evaluation of our development efforts, we will assess (a) whether a given development project was brought into service in accordance with our expectation as to time and expense; and (b) the number of projects in development or under consideration at the relevant point in time. In addition to the focus on new projects, capacity will reflect our success in renewing and maintaining existing contracts and facilities. It will also reflect any closure of programs or facilities due to underutilization or failure to earn an adequate risk-adjusted rate of return. We must also be cognizant of the possibility that state or local budgetary limitations may cause the contractual commitment to a given facility to be reduced or even eliminated, which would require us to either secure an alternate customer or close the operation.
Occupancy. Occupancy is typically expressed in terms of percentage of contract capacity utilized. We look at occupancy to assess the efficacy of both our efforts to market our facilities and our efforts to retain existing customers or contracts. Because revenue varies directly with occupancy, occupancy is a driver of our revenues. Our industry experiences significant economies of
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scale, whereby as occupancy rises, operating costs per resident decline. Some of our contracts are “take-or-pay,” meaning that the agency making use of the facility is obligated to pay for beds even though they are not used. Historically, occupancy percentages in many of our facilities have been high and we are mindful of the need to maintain such occupancy levels. As new development projects are brought into service, occupancy percentages may decline until the projects reach full utilization (as, for example, with the activation of the 1,100 bed expansion at Great Plains Correctional Facility during the fourth quarter of 2008). Where we have commitments for utilization before the commencement of operations, occupancy percentages reflect the speed at which a facility achieves full service/implementation. However, we may decide to undertake development projects without written commitments to make full use of a facility. In these instances, we have performed our own assessment, based on discussions with local government or other potential customer representatives and analysis of other factors, of the demand for services at the facility. There is no assurance that we would recover our initial investment in these projects. We will monitor occupancy as a measure of the accuracy of our estimation of the demand for the services of a development facility, and will incorporate this information in future assessments of potential projects.
Per Diem Reimbursement Rates. Per diem reimbursement rates are another key element of our gross revenue and operating margin since per diem contracts represent a majority of our revenues (61.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2009). Per diem rates are a function of negotiation between management and a governmental unit at the inception of a contract or through the bidding process. Actual per diem rates vary dramatically across our business segments, and as well as within each business segment depending upon the particular service or program provided. The initial per diem rates often change during the term of a contract in accordance with a schedule. The amount of the change can be a fixed amount set forth within the contract, an amount determined by formulas set forth within the contract or an amount determined by negotiations between management and the governmental unit (often these negotiations are along the same lines as the original per diem negotiation — a review of expenses and approval of an amount to recompense for expenses and assure the potential of an operating profit). In recent years, as budgetary pressures on governmental units have increased, some of our customers have negotiated relief from formulaic increase provisions within their agreements or have declined to include in their appropriation legislation amounts that would increase the per diem rates payable under the contract. Based on the economic turmoil which began in the second half of 2008, we are expecting such pressures to continue in 2009 for many of our customers. In similar prior situations we have attempted to mitigate the impact of these developments by negotiating services provided, obtaining commitments for increased volume and other measures. We may also choose to consider terminating an existing relationship at a given facility and replacing it with a new customer (as was done with our Great Plains Correctional Facility in 2007).
Revenues. We derive substantially all of our revenues from providing adult corrections and treatment and juvenile justice, educational and treatment services outsourced by federal, state and local government agencies in the United States. Revenues for our services are generally recognized on a per diem rate based upon the number of occupant days or hours served for the period, on a guaranteed take-or-pay basis or on a cost-plus reimbursement basis. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, our revenue base consisted of 61.1% for services provided under per diem contracts, 33.5% for services provided under take-or-pay and management contracts, 3.4% for services provided under cost-plus reimbursement contracts, 1.8% for services provided under fee-for-service contracts and 0.2% from other miscellaneous sources. For the three months ended March 31, 2008, our revenue base consisted of 51.9% for services provided under per diem contracts, 41.7% for services provided under take-or-pay and management contracts, 4.1% for services provided under cost-plus reimbursement contracts, 2.0% for services provided under fee-for-service contracts and 0.3% from other miscellaneous sources. The increase in revenues provided under per diem contracts (and the decrease in revenues provided under take-or-pay and management contracts) primarily reflects the transition of our contract with the Arizona Department of Corrections from a take-or-pay contract to a per diem contract upon the activation (and subsequent ramp in the fourth quarter of 2008) of its 1,100 bed expansion. In addition, we also terminated several management contracts in 2008 (including Salt Lake Valley Detention Center and Lincoln County Detention Center in September 2008 and February 2008, respectively).
Revenues can fluctuate from year to year due to changes in government funding policies, changes in the number or types of clients referred to our facilities by governmental agencies, changes in the types of services delivered to our customers, the opening of new facilities or the expansion of existing facilities and the termination of contracts for a facility or the closure of a facility.
Factors considered in determining billing rates to charge include: (1) the programs specified by the contract and the related staffing levels; (2) wage levels customary in the respective geographic areas; (3) whether the proposed facility is to be leased or purchased; and (4) the anticipated average occupancy levels that could reasonably be expected to be maintained and the duration of time required to reach such occupancy levels.
Revenues-Adult Secure Services. Revenues for our Adult Secure Services division are primarily generated from per diem, take-or-pay and management contracts. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, and 2008, we realized average per diem rates on our adult secure facilities of approximately $53.75 and $55.56, respectively. The 2008 average per diem rate benefited
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from a contract-based revenue adjustment for the contract year ended March 2008 in the amount of approximately $1.5 million at the RCC. We periodically have experienced pressure from contracting governmental agencies to limit or even reduce per diem rates. Many of these governmental entities are under severe budget pressures and we anticipate that governmental agencies may periodically approach us in 2009 about per diem rate concessions (or decline to provide funding for contractual rate increases). Decreases in, or the lack of anticipated increases in, per diem rates could adversely impact our operating margin.
Revenues-Abraxas Youth and Family Services. Revenues for our Abraxas Youth and Family Services division are primarily generated from per diem, fee-for-service and cost-plus reimbursement contracts. For the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, we realized average per diem rates on our residential youth and family services facilities of approximately $197.51 and $186.94, respectively. The increase in the average per diem rate for 2009 reflects the continued ramp-up of the Cornell Abraxas Academy (reactivated in the fourth quarter of 2006), the reactivation of the Hector Garza Residential Treatment Center in August 2007 as well as changes in the mix of services provided and customers served at other facilities. For the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, we realized average fee-for-service rates for our non-residential community-based Abraxas Youth and Family Services facilities and programs, including rates that are limited by Medicaid and other private insurance providers, of approximately $45.04 and $50.24, respectively. The fluctuation in the average fee-for-service rates for 2009 and 2008 is due to changes in the mix of services provided at our non-residential facilities. The majority of our Abraxas Youth and Family Services contracts renew annually.
Revenues-Adult Community-Based Services. Revenues for our Adult Community-Based Services division are primarily generated from per diem and fee-for-service contracts. For the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, we realized average per diem rates on our residential adult community-based facilities of approximately $67.25 and $65.96, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, we realized average fee-for-service rates on our non-residential Adult Community-Based Services facilities and programs of approximately $9.07 and $13.11, respectively. Our average fee-for-service rates fluctuate from year to year principally due to changes in the mix of services provided by our various Adult Community-Based Services programs and facilities.
Operating Margins. We have historically experienced higher operating margins in our Adult Secure Services and Adult Community-Based Services divisions as compared to our Abraxas Youth and Family Services division. Our operating margin, in a given period, will be impacted by those facilities which may either be underutilized, dormant or have been reactivated during the period. As previously discussed, we have reactivated several facilities, including the Cornell Abraxas Academy and the Hector Garza Residential Treatment Center in 2006 and 2007, respectively. We have also expanded several of our Adult Secure facilities in 2008 (D. Ray James Prison, Great Plains Correctional Facility and Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility, for example), which provides the opportunity to leverage existing infrastructure. Additionally, our operating margins within a division can vary from facility to facility based on whether a facility is owned or leased, the level of competition for the contract award, the proposed length of the contract, the mix of services provided, the occupancy levels for a facility, the level of capital commitment required with respect to a facility, the anticipated changes in operating costs over the term of the contract and our ability to increase a facility’s contract revenue. Under take-or-pay contracts, such as the contract at the Moshannon Valley Correctional Center, operating margins are typically higher during the early stages of the contract as the facility’s population ramps up (as revenues are received at contract percentages regardless of actual occupancy). As the variable costs (primarily resident-related and certain facility costs) increase with the growth in population, operating margins will generally decline to a stabilized level. Following its activation in April 2006, we experienced such operating margin impact pertaining to the Moshannon Valley Correctional Center in the third and fourth quarters of 2006. A decline in occupancy at our Abraxas Youth and Family Services facilities can have a more significant impact on operating margins than our Adult Secure Services division due to the longer periods typically required to ramp resident population at a youth facility. In addition, decreased utilization, particularly at our Abraxas Youth and Family Services facilities, will also generally negatively impact our operating margins.
We have experienced and expect to continue to experience interim period operating margin fluctuations due to factors such as the number of calendar days in the period, higher payroll taxes (generally in the first half of the year) and salary and wage increases and insurance cost increases that are incurred prior to certain contract rate increases. Periodically, many of the governmental agencies with whom we contract may experience budgetary pressures and may approach us to limit or reduce per diem rates (including contractual price increases as well). We anticipate such customer behavior in 2009. Decreases in, or the lack of anticipated increases in, per diem rates could adversely impact our operating margin. Additionally, a decrease in per diem rates without a corresponding decrease in operating expenses could also adversely impact our operating margin.
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Operating Expenses. We track several different areas of our operating expenses. Foremost among these expenses are employee compensation and benefits and expenses, risk related areas such as general liability, medical and worker’s compensation, client/inmate costs such as food, clothing, medical and programming costs, financing costs and administrative overhead expenses. Increases or decreases in one or more of these expenses, such as our experience with rising insurance costs, can have a material effect on our financial performance. Operating expenses are also impacted by decisions to close or terminate a particular program or facility. Such decisions are based on our assessments of operating results, operating efficiency and risk-adjusted returns and are an ongoing part of our portfolio management. In addition, decisions to restructure employee positions will typically increase period costs initially (at the time of such actions), but generally reduce post-restructuring expense levels.
We are responsible for all facility operating costs, except for certain debt service and interest or lease payments for facilities where we have a management contract only. At these facilities, the facility owner is responsible for all debt service and interest or lease payments related to the facility. We are responsible for all other operating expenses at these facilities. We operated 14 and 16 facilities under management contracts at March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Included in the facilities under management contracts at March 31, 2009 were the Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility and the eight Los Angeles County Jails, which represented 1,714 beds of service capacity, or approximately 82.5%, of the residential service capacity represented by management contracts.
A majority of our facility operating costs consists of fixed costs. These fixed costs include lease and rental expense, insurance, utilities and depreciation. As a result, when we commence operation of new or expanded facilities, fixed operating costs may increase. The amount of our variable operating costs, including food, medical services, supplies and clothing, depend on occupancy levels at the facilities. Our largest single operating cost, facility payroll expense and related employment taxes and expenses, has both a fixed and a variable component. We can adjust a facility’s staffing levels and the related payroll expense to a certain extent based on occupancy at a facility; however a minimum fixed number of employees is required to operate and maintain any facility regardless of occupancy levels. Personnel costs are subject to increases in tightening labor markets based on local economic environments and other conditions.
We incur pre-opening and start-up expenses including payroll, benefits, training and other operating costs prior to opening a new or expanded facility and during the period of operation while occupancy is ramping up. These costs vary by contract (and the pace/scale of the activation and related population ramp). Since pre-opening and start-up costs are generally factored into the revenue per diem rate that is charged to the contracting agency, we typically expect to recover these upfront costs over the life of the contract. Because occupancy rates during a facility’s start-up phase typically result in capacity under-utilization for at least 90 to 180 days, we may incur additional post-opening start-up costs. We do not anticipate post-opening start-up costs at any adult secure facilities operated under any future contracts with the BOP which are take-or-pay contracts, meaning that the BOP will pay at least 80.0% of the contractual monthly revenue once the facility opens, regardless of actual occupancy.
Newly opened facilities are staffed according to applicable regulatory or contractual requirements when we begin receiving offenders or clients. Offenders or clients are typically assigned to a newly opened facility on a phased-in basis over a one- to six-month period. Our start-up period for new juvenile operations is 12 months from the date we begin recognizing revenue unless break-even occupancy levels are achieved before then. The actual time required to ramp a juvenile facility (with an approximate capacity, for example, of 100 to 200 beds) may be a period of one to three years. Our start-up period for new adult operations is nine months from the date we begin recognizing revenue unless break-even occupancy levels are achieved before then. The approximate time to ramp an adult facility of approximately 1,000 beds may be a period of three to six months, depending upon the customer requirements. Although we typically recover these upfront costs over the life of the contract, quarterly results can be substantially affected by the timing of the commencement of operations as well as the development and construction of new facilities.
Working capital requirements generally increase immediately prior to commencing management of a new or expanded facility as we incur start-up costs and purchase necessary equipment and supplies before facility management revenue is realized.
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of costs for corporate and administrative personnel who provide senior management, legal, finance, accounting, human resources, investor relations, payroll and information systems, costs of business development and outside professional and consulting fees.
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Recent Developments
D. Ray James Prison
In August 2007, we announced that we were initiating a second expansion of the D. Ray James Prison. This expansion project increased the facility’s service capacity by an additional 700 beds for a total service capacity of approximately 2,800 beds. This expansion project began in the first quarter of 2008 and was completed at the beginning of April 2009. We are marketing this additional expansion to multiple customers but believe those beds are well suited for a Georgia Department of Corrections (“Georgia DOC”) bid that requires expansion of an existing Georgia DOC-contracted facility. We can make no assurance that we will be awarded this contract.
Hudson, Colorado
In August 2008, we entered into an agreement pursuant to which we will lease a new 1,250 male bed adult secure facility in Hudson, Colorado. The facility is owned by a third party and is being built on land we sold to the third party. We retained approximately 270 acres out of the original 320 acres we acquired in 2007. We anticipate the construction, which began in the third quarter of 2008, to be completed in late 2009. We have signed an implementation agreement with the Colorado Department of Corrections (“Colorado DOC”), which governs the construction of the facility and contemplates a service agreement which can be entered into upon completion of the implementation agreement. We would expect to begin receiving inmates upon the activation of the facility, which is currently anticipated to be during the first quarter of 2010. We expect to enter into a service agreement for the facility with the Colorado DOC but can make no assurances that we will do so (or what the possible timing might be).
Liquidity and Capital Resources
General. Our primary capital requirements are for (1) purchases, construction or renovation of new facilities, (2) expansions of existing facilities, (3) working capital, (4) pre-opening and start-up costs related to new operating contracts, (5) acquisitions of businesses or facilities, (6) information systems hardware and software and (7) furniture, fixtures and equipment purchases. Working capital requirements generally increase immediately prior to commencing management of a new facility (or activation of a facility expansion) as we incur start-up costs and purchase necessary equipment and supplies before related facility revenue is realized.
Cash Flows From Operating Activities. Cash flows used in operating activities were approximately $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to cash provided by operating activities of approximately $7.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The decrease from the prior period was principally due to changes in certain working capital accounts (including accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities) due to timing of receipts and payments.
Cash Flows From Investing Activities. Cash used in investing activities was approximately $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 due primarily to capital expenditures of approximately $3.2 million, primarily related to the facility expansion projects at the D. Ray James Prison and the Great Plains Correctional Facility. There were also net payments to the restricted debt payment account of approximately $0.4 million. Cash used in investing activities was approximately $12.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 due primarily to capital expenditures of approximately $11.9 million, primarily related to the facility expansion projects at the D. Ray James Prison and the Great Plains Correctional Facility. There were also net payments to the restricted debt payment account of approximately $0.7 million.
Cash Flows From Financing Activities. Cash provided by financing activities was approximately $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 due primarily to net borrowings on our Amended Credit Facility of $1.0 million and proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $0.3 million. Cash provided by financing activities was approximately $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 due primarily to net borrowings on our Amended Credit Facility of $5.0 million.
Treasury Stock Repurchases. We did not purchase any of our common stock in the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008. Under the terms of our Senior Notes and our Amended Credit Facility, we can purchase shares of our stock subject to certain cumulative restrictions.
Long-Term Credit Facilities. Our Amended Credit Facility provides for borrowings up to $100.0 million (including letters of credit), matures in December 2011 and bears interest, at our election depending on our total leverage ratio, at either the LIBOR rate plus a margin ranging from 1.50% to 2.25%, or a rate which ranges from 0.00% to 0.75% above the applicable prime rate. The available commitment under our Amended Credit Facility was approximately $8.6 million at March 31, 2009. We had outstanding borrowings under our Amended Credit Facility of $76.0 million and we had outstanding letters of credit of
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approximately $15.4 million at March 31, 2009. Subject to certain requirements, we have the right to increase the commitments under our Amended Credit Facility up to $150.0 million, although the indenture for our Senior Notes limits our ability, subject to certain conditions, to expand the Amended Credit Facility beyond $100.0 million. We can provide no assurance that all of the banks that have made commitments to us under our Amended Credit Facility would be willing to participate in an expansion to the Amended Credit Facility should we desire to do so. The Amended Credit Facility is collateralized by substantially all of our assets, including the assets and stock of all of our subsidiaries. The Amended Credit Facility is not secured by the assets of MCF, a special purpose entity. Our Amended Credit Facility contains commonly used covenants including compliance with laws and limitations on certain financing transactions and mergers and also includes various financial covenants. We believe the most restrictive covenant under our Amended Credit Facility is the fixed charge coverage ratio. At March 31, 2009, we were in compliance with all of our debt financial covenants.
MCF is obligated for the outstanding balance of its 8.47% Taxable Revenue Bonds, Series 2001. The bonds bear interest at a rate of 8.47% per annum and are payable in semi-annual installments of interest and annual installments of principal. All unpaid principal and accrued interest on the bonds is due on the earlier of August 1, 2016 (maturity) or as noted under the bond documents. The bonds are limited, nonrecourse obligations of MCF and secured by the property and equipment, bond reserves, assignment of subleases and substantially all assets related to the facilities included in the 2001 Sale and Leaseback Transaction (in which we sold eleven facilities to MCF). The bonds are not guaranteed by Cornell.
In June 2004, we issued $112.0 million in principal of 10.75% Senior Notes the (“Senior Notes”) due July 1, 2012. The Senior Notes are unsecured senior indebtedness and are guaranteed by all of our existing and future subsidiaries (collectively, the “Guarantors”). The Senior Notes are not guaranteed by MCF (the “Non-Guarantor”). Interest on the Senior Notes is payable semi-annually on January 1 and July 1 of each year, commencing January 1, 2005. On or after July 1, 2008, we may redeem all or a portion of the Senior Notes at the redemption prices (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount) listed below, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the Senior Notes redeemed, to the applicable date of redemption, if redeemed during the 12-month period commencing on July 1 of each of the years indicated below:
Year |
| Percentages |
|
|
|
|
|
2008 |
| 105.375 | % |
2009 |
| 102.688 | % |
2010 and thereafter |
| 100.000 | % |
Upon the occurrence of specified change of control events, unless we have exercised our option to redeem all the Senior Notes as described above, each holder will have the right to require us to repurchase all or a portion of such holder’s Senior Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes repurchased plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on the Senior Notes repurchased, to the applicable date of purchase. The Senior Notes were issued under an indenture which limits our ability and the ability of our Guarantors to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends or make other distributions, make other restricted payments and investments, create liens, enter into transactions with affiliates, and engage in mergers, consolidations and certain sales of assets.
In conjunction with the issuance of the Senior Notes, we entered into an interest rate swap transaction with a financial institution to hedge our exposure to changes in the fair value on $84.0 million of our Senior Notes. The purpose of this transaction was to convert future interest due on $84.0 million of the Senior Notes to a variable rate. The terms of the interest rate swap contract and the underlying debt instrument were identical. The swap agreement was designated as a fair value hedge. The swap had a notional amount of $84.0 million and was scheduled to mature in July 2012 to mirror the maturity of the Senior Notes. Under the agreement, we paid, on a semi-annual basis (each January 1 and July 1), a floating rate based on a six-month U.S. dollar LIBOR rate, plus a spread, and received a fixed-rate interest of 10.75%. The swap agreement was marked to market each quarter with a corresponding mark-to-market adjustment reflected as either a discount or premium on the Senior Notes. The carrying value of the Senior Notes as of this date was adjusted accordingly by the same amount. Because the swap agreement was an effective fair-value hedge, there was no effect on our results of operations from the mark-to-market adjustment as long as the swap was in effect. In October 2007, we terminated the swap agreement. We received approximately $0.2 million in conjunction with the termination, which is being amortized over the remaining term of the Senior Notes.
Future Liquidity
Our shelf registration statement under Form S-3 for potential offerings from time to time of up to $75.0 million in gross proceeds of debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, warrants or certain other securities was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission in September 2008.
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We expect to use existing cash balances, internally generated cash flows and borrowings from our Amended Credit Facility to fulfill anticipated obligations such as capital expenditures, working-capital needs and scheduled debt maturities over at least the next twelve months. As of March 31, 2009, we had approximately $8.6 million of available capacity under our Amended Credit Facility. We will continue to analyze our capital structure, including a potential refinancing of our Senior Notes and financing for our expected future capital expenditures, including any potential acquisitions. We will consider potential acquisitions from time to time. Our principal focus for acquisitions is anticipated to be in our Adult Secure and Adult Community-Based divisions, although we would also pursue attractively priced acquisitions in our Abraxas Youth and Family Services division. We may decide to use internally generated funds, bank financing, equity issuances, debt issuances or a combination of any of the foregoing to finance our future capital needs. We may also seek to repurchase some of our common stock and/or retire debt by purchasing some of our Senior Notes from time to time, depending on prevailing market conditions. The repurchase of stock and/or purchase of Senior Notes would be accomplished through open market purchases, private purchases, or a combination of both. At March 31, 2009, we believe we have sufficient liquidity necessary to complete those projects for which we have outstanding commitments.
Our internally generated cash flow is directly related to our business. Should the private corrections and juvenile businesses deteriorate, or should we experience poor results in our operations, cash flow from operations may be reduced. We have, however, continued to generate positive cash flow from operating activities over recent years and expect that cash flow will continue to be positive over the next year. Our access to debt and equity markets may be reduced or closed to us due to a variety of events, including, among others, industry conditions, general economic conditions, market conditions, credit rating agency downgrades of our debt and/or market perceptions of us and our industry. The extreme volatility seen in the financial markets beginning in the third quarter of 2008 has continued into the second quarter of 2009 and is expected to be present for the near term. Such volatility could result in decreased availability of capital at economical terms and could also put additional financial and budgetary pressure on our customers. Such conditions could potentially result in our inability to pursue additional future growth opportunities (such as facility expansions or new facility construction) and, if coupled with unexpected client, operational or other issues affecting our cash flow, in a need to seek additional financing at terms we would otherwise not accept.
In addition, our accounts receivable are with federal, state, county and local government agencies, which we believe generally reduces our credit risk. However, it is possible that situations such as continuing budget resolutions, delayed passage of budgets or budget pressures may increase the length of repayment of certain of these receivables.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the percentages of revenues represented by certain items in our consolidated statements of operations.
|
| Three Months |
| ||
|
| 2009 |
| 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
| 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % |
Operating expenses, excluding depreciation |
| 73.1 |
| 73.5 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
| 4.9 |
| 4.4 |
|
General and administrative expenses |
| 6.2 |
| 6.9 |
|
Income from operations |
| 15.8 |
| 15.2 |
|
Interest expense, net |
| 5.9 |
| 6.6 |
|
Income from operations before provision for income taxes |
| 9.9 |
| 8.6 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
| 4.1 |
| 3.7 |
|
Net income |
| 5.8 |
| 4.9 |
|
Non-controlling interest |
| 0.5 |
| ¾ |
|
Income available to shareholders |
| 5.3 | % | 4.9 | % |
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Table of Contents
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
Revenues. Revenues increased approximately $4.3 million, or 4.5%, to $99.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 from approximately $95.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008.
Adult Secure Services. Adult Secure Services revenues increased approximately $7.0 million, or 14.0%, to $56.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 from approximately $49.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 due primarily to (1) an increase in revenues of $5.0 million at the Great Plains Correctional Facility due to increased occupancy as a result of a facility expansion completed in September 2008, (2) an increase in revenues of $0.7 million at the Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility (“Walnut Grove”) due to a facility expansion completed in the third quarter of 2008, (3) an increase in revenues of $0.5 million at the Regional Correctional Center (“RCC”) due to improved occupancy and (4) an increase in revenues of $0.4 million at the D. Ray James Prison due to increased occupancy related to a facility expansion completed in February 2008. The remaining net increase in revenues of $0.4 million was due to various fluctuations in revenues at our other adult secure facilities.
At March 31, 2009, we operated ten adult secure facilities with an aggregate service capacity of 12,841. Average contract occupancy was 91.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to 95.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The decrease in the average contract occupancy is primarily due to the additional capacity brought into operations in September 2008 at Walnut Grove, which we began ramping during the fourth quarter of 2008, as well as under-utilization at certain California facilities. The average per diem rate was $53.75 and $55.56 for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Abraxas Youth and Family Services. Abraxas Youth and Family Services revenues decreased approximately $2.1 million, or 7.6%, to $25.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 from $27.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 due primarily to (1) a decrease in revenues of $0.9 million at the Cornell Abraxas 1 facility (“A-1”) due to decreased occupancy, and (2) a decrease in revenues of $0.9 million due to the termination of our management contract for the Salt Lake Valley Detention Center as of September 2008. The remaining net decrease in revenues of $0.3 million was due to various insignificant fluctuations in revenues at our other Abraxas Youth and Family Services facilities and programs.
At March 31, 2009, we operated 17 residential Abraxas Youth and Family Services facilities and 11 non-residential community-based programs and facilities with an aggregate service capacity of 3,321. Additionally, we had one vacant facility with a service capacity of 70 beds. Average contract occupancy for the three months ended March 31, 2009 was 83.9% compared to 85.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The decrease in 2009 average contract occupancy reflects the under-utilization at certain facilities, including A-1.
The average per diem rate for our residential Abraxas Youth and Family Services facilities was $197.51 for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to $186.94 for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The increase in the 2009 average per diem rate reflects the continued ramp-up of the Abraxas Academy as well as changes in the mix of services provided at other facilities. Our average fee-for-service rate for our non-residential Abraxas Youth and Family Services community-based facilities and programs was $45.04 for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to $50.24 for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Our average fee-for-service rate can fluctuate from period-to-period depending on the mix of services provided at our various non-residential Abraxas Youth and Family Services facilities and programs.
Adult Community-Based. Adult Community-Based Services revenues decreased approximately $0.5 million, or 2.8%, to $17.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 from $17.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 due primarily to the termination of our management contract for the Lincoln County Detention Center in May 2008 (we gave notice of early termination of our management contract for the facility in February 2008 due to continual staffing and other issues in the rural area). This contract generated revenues of $0.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2008.
At March 31, 2009, we operated 28 residential Adult Community-Based Services facilities and three non-residential community-based programs with an aggregate service capacity of 3,960. Average contract occupancy for the three months ended March 31, 2009 was 104.3% compared to 100.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2008.
The average per diem rate for our residential Adult Community-Based Services facilities was $67.25 for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to $65.96 for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The average fee-for-service rate for our non-residential Adult Community-Based Services programs was $9.07 for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to $13.11 for the three months ended March 31, 2008. Our average fee-for-service rates fluctuate as a result of changes in the mix of services provided by our various Adult Community-Based Services programs and facilities.
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Operating Expenses. Operating expenses increased approximately $2.7 million, or 3.8%, to $72.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 from $70.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008.
Adult Secure Services. Adult Secure Services operating expenses increased approximately $4.3 million, or 13.3%, to $36.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 from $32.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The increase was primarily due to (1) an increase in operating expenses of $2.2 million at the Great Plains Correctional Facility due to increased occupancy following a facility expansion completed in September 2008, (2) an increase in operating expenses of $0.5 million at the Walnut Grove Youth Correctional Facility due to increased occupancy following the completion of a facility expansion in the third quarter of 2008, (3) an increase in operating expenses of $0.5 million at the Big Spring Correctional Center due to increased occupancy and (4) an increase in operating expenses of $0.6 million at the D. Ray James Prison due to increased occupancy following a facility expansion completed in February 2008. The remaining net increase in operating expenses of $0.5 million was due to various insignificant fluctuations in operating expenses at our other Adult Secure Services facilities.
As a percentage of segment revenues, Adult Secure Services operating expenses were 64.5% for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to 64.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2008.
Abraxas Youth and Family Services. Abraxas Youth and Family Services operating expenses decreased approximately $1.1 million, or 4.3%, to $24.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 from $25.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 due primarily to (1) a decrease in operating expenses of $1.0 million due to the termination of our management contract for the Salt Lake Valley Detention Center in September 2008, (2) a decrease in operating expenses of $0.5 million due to the termination of our management contract for the Reading Alternative Education School Program in June 2008 and (3) a decrease in operating expenses of $0.4 million at A-1 due to reduced occupancy. The decrease in operating expenses due to the above was offset, in part; by an increase in operating expenses of $0.6 million at the Cornell Abraxas Academy and $0.3 million at the Texas Adolescent Treatment Center, both due to improved occupancy. The remaining net decrease in operating expenses of $0.1 million was due to various insignificant fluctuations in operating expenses at our other Abraxas Youth and Family Services facilities and programs.
As a percentage of segment revenues, Abraxas Youth and Family Services division operating expenses were 94.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to 91.1% for the three months ended March 31, 2008. The decrease in the 2009 operating margin was due to the lower utilization at those facilities previously noted.
Adult Community-Based Services. Adult Community-Based Services operating expenses decreased approximately $0.5 million, or 4.0%, to $12.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 from $12.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 due primarily to a decrease in operating expenses of $0.4 million due to the termination of our management contract for the Lincoln County Detention Center in May 2008 (we gave notice of early termination of our management contract for the facility in February 2008 due to continual staffing and other issues in the rural area). The remaining net decrease in operating expenses of $0.1 million was due to various insignificant fluctuations in operating expenses at our other Adult Community-Based facilities and programs.
As a percentage of segment revenues, Adult Community-Based Services operating expenses were 69.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2009 compared to 70.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2008.
Pre-opening and start-up expenses. There were no pre-opening and start-up expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008.
Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization was approximately $4.9 million and $4.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The increase in depreciation expense in the three months ended March 31, 2009 was due primarily to additional depreciation expense resulting from the facility expansions at the Big Spring Correctional Center, the Great Plains Correctional Center and the D. Ray James Prison. Amortization of intangibles was approximately $0.4 million and $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased approximately $0.4 million, or 6.2%, to approximately $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 from $6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 due primarily to a decrease in 2009 of approximately $0.4 million in stock-based compensation expense over the same period of the prior year.
Interest. Interest expense, net of interest income, decreased approximately $0.3 million, or 4.8%, to $6.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 from $6.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2008 due primarily to (1) a decrease in interest expense of $0.2 million due to a lower outstanding principal balance on MCF’s bonds and (2) an increase in capitalized
35
interest of $0.2 million in the 2009 period. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, we capitalized interest of approximately $0.7 million related to the 700 bed facility expansion project at the D. Ray James Prison. For the three months ended March 31, 2008, we capitalized interest of $0.5 million related to the facility expansion projects at the Great Plains Correctional Facility and the D. Ray James Prison.
Income Taxes. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, we recognized a provision for income taxes at an estimated effective rate of 41.7%. For the three months ended March 31, 2008, we recognized a provision for income taxes at an estimated effective rate of 43.5%. The reduction in the estimated income tax rate in 2009 is principally due to an increase in operating income across certain of our business segments and the decreased impact of certain nondeductible expenses.
Contractual Uncertainties Related to Certain Facilities
Regional Correctional Center. The Office of Federal Detention Trustee (“OFDT”) holds the contract for the use of the RCC on behalf of ICE, USMS and the BOP with Bernalillo County through an intergovernmental services agreement, and we have an operating and management agreement with Bernalillo County. In July 2007, we were notified by ICE that it was removing all ICE detainees from the RCC and the removal was completed in early August 2007. The facility is still being utilized by the USMS, and since May 2008 by the BOP, but not at its full capacity. In February 2008, ICE informed us that it would not resume use of the facility. In February 2008, OFDT attempted to unilaterally amend its agreement with the County to reduce the number of minimum annual guaranteed mandays under the agreement from 182,500 to 66,300. Neither we nor the County believe OFDT has the right to unilaterally amend the contract in this manner, and OFDT has been informed of our position. Although either party to the intergovernmental services agreement has the right to terminate upon 180 days notice, neither party has exercised such right as of March 31, 2009.
There is a pending lawsuit against the County concerning the County jail system, known as the “McClendon” case. In 1994, plaintiffs sued the County in federal district court in the District of New Mexico over conditions at the county jail, which was then located at what is now the Regional Correctional Center and run by the County. The County subsequently built their new Metropolitan Detention Center to house the County inmates and also negotiated two stipulated agreements in 2004 designed to end the McClendon lawsuit. These stipulated settlements covered the Metropolitan Detention Facility and were approved by the Court in 2005 (the “2005 settlement agreements”).
In March 2009, the Federal Judge presiding over the case issued an Order based on motions filed by Plaintiffs class counsel asking the Judge to reform the 2005 settlement agreements to allow for access to the RCC. In those motions, the Plaintiffs also requested alternative relief in the form of withdrawal of the Court’s approval of the 2005 settlement agreements. Based on our interpretation of the Order, the Judge denied Plaintiffs’ request for access to the RCC, granted the alternative relief requested, withdrew her approval of the 2005 settlement agreements and granted the option to Plaintiffs to rescind their 2005 settlement agreements. The Plaintiffs chose to rescind the 2005 settlement agreements. In the Order, the Judge concluded that the RCC at least to the extent it is used to house detainees by Bernalillo County pursuant to the intergovernmental services agreement, is part of the county jail system. The County has informed us that it does not believe McClendon should apply to the RCC and the County has filed a notice of appeal with the Court. We are not a party to this lawsuit and the ramifications of the Court’s Order to our operation of the RCC are unclear.
The 2005 settlement agreements imposed various conditions on the Metropolitan Detention Center that resulted in material increases to its operating costs. The effect of the rescission of the 2005 settlement agreements is unclear since those settlement agreements replaced prior settlement agreements approved in 1996. We do not believe we are contractually obligated to bear any incremental costs of complying with any settlement agreements in the McClendon case although the County has expressed to us that it may want us to absorb a portion of any costs that would be incurred. We currently plan to continue to operate the facility and also continue with our marketing plans for the Regional Correctional Center.
Revenues for this facility were approximately $3.0 million and $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The net carrying value of the leasehold improvements for this facility was approximately $0.6 million and $1.1 million at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. Our lease for this facility requires monthly rent payments of approximately $0.13 million for the remaining term of the lease (which has been extended through June 2010). To date, although we have several federal agencies using the RCC, the facility still has available capacity. Our inability to expand the existing population with current or new customers or any disruption of our operations due to activity in the McClendon case could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. We believe that pursuant to the provisions of SFAS No. 144, no impairment to the carrying value of the leasehold improvements for this facility has occurred.
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Hector Garza Residential Treatment Center. In October 2005, we initiated the temporary closure of this MCF leased facility in San Antonio, Texas. We reactivated the facility during the third quarter of 2007. The net carrying value for this facility was approximately $4.0 million at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008. We believe that, pursuant to the provisions of SFAS No. 144, no impairment to the carrying value of this facility has occurred due to existing (and increasing) demand from current customers (including the Texas Youth Commission) and anticipated incremental demand from additional multiple customers to whom the facility is being marketed (including several current requests for proposal).
Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments
We have assumed various financial obligations and commitments in the ordinary course of conducting our business. We have contractual obligations requiring future cash payments, such as management, consulting and non-competition agreements.
We maintain operating leases in the ordinary course of our business activities. These leases include those for operating facilities, office space and office and operating equipment, and the agreements expire between 2009 and 2075. As of March 31, 2009, our total commitment under these operating leases was approximately $118.8 million.
The following table details the known future cash payments (on an undiscounted basis) related to our various contractual obligations as of March 31, 2009 (in thousands):
|
| Payments Due by Period |
| |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| 2010 - |
| 2012 - |
|
|
| |||||
|
| Total |
| 2009 |
| 2011 |
| 2013 |
| Thereafter |
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Contractual Obligations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Long-term debt — principal |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
· Cornell Companies, Inc. |
| $ | 112,000 |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | 112,000 |
| $ | — |
|
· Special Purpose Entity |
| 134,100 |
| 12,400 |
| 28,000 |
| 33,000 |
| 60,700 |
| |||||
Long-term debt — interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
· Cornell Companies, Inc. |
| 39,130 |
| 9,030 |
| 24,080 |
| 6,020 |
| — |
| |||||
· Special Purpose Entity |
| 50,257 |
| 5,679 |
| 19,482 |
| 14,534 |
| 10,562 |
| |||||
Revolving line of credit-principal |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
· Cornell Companies, Inc. |
| 76,000 |
| — |
| 76,000 |
| — |
| — |
| |||||
Revolving line of credit-interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
· Cornell Companies, Inc. |
| 2,150 |
| 1,030 |
| 1,120 |
| — |
| — |
| |||||
Capital lease obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
· Cornell Companies, Inc. |
| 24 |
| 10 |
| 14 |
| — |
| — |
| |||||
Construction commitments |
| 7,182 |
| 7,182 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| |||||
Operating leases |
| 118,847 |
| 5,506 |
| 24,309 |
| 21,876 |
| 67,156 |
| |||||
Consultative and non-compete agreements |
| 243 |
| 243 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| |||||
Total contractual cash obligations |
| $ | 539,933 |
| $ | 41,080 |
| $ | 173,005 |
| $ | 187,430 |
| $ | 138,418 |
|
Approximately $2.6 million of unrecognized tax benefits have been recorded as liabilities in accordance with FIN 48 as of March 31, 2009 but are not included in the contractual obligations table above because we are uncertain as to if or when such amounts may be settled. Related to the unrecognized tax benefits not included in the table above, we have also recorded a liability for potential penalties of approximately $0.1 million and for interest of approximately $0.1 million as of March 31, 2009.
We enter into letters of credit in the ordinary course of operating and financing activities. As of March 31, 2009, we had outstanding letters of credit of approximately $15.4 million primarily for certain workers’ compensation insurance and other operating obligations. The following table details our letters of credit commitments as of March 31, 2009 (in thousands):
|
| Total |
| Amount of Commitment Expiration Per Period |
| |||||||||||
|
| Amounts |
| Less than |
|
|
|
|
| More Than |
| |||||
|
| Committed |
| 1 Year |
| 1-3 Years |
| 3-5 Years |
| 5 Years |
| |||||
Commercial Commitments: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Standby letters of credit |
| $ | 15,449 |
| $ | 14,199 |
| $ | 1,250 |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
|
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
In the normal course of business, we are exposed to market risk, primarily from changes in interest rates. We continually monitor exposure to market risk and develop appropriate strategies to manage this risk. We are not exposed to any other significant market risks, including commodity price risk or, foreign currency exchange risk or interest rate risks from the use of derivative financial instruments. In conjunction with the issuance of the Senior Notes, we had previously entered into an interest rate swap of $84.0 million related to the interest obligations under the Senior Notes, in effect converting such notes to a floating rate based on six-month LIBOR. We terminated the interest rate swap in October 2007.
Credit Risk
Due to the short duration of our investments, changes in market interest rates would not have a significant impact on their fair value. In addition, our accounts receivables are with federal, state, county and local government agencies, which we believe generally reduces our credit risk. However, it is possible that such situations as continuing budget resolutions, delayed passage of budgets or budget pressures may increase the length of repayment of certain receivables.
Interest Rate Exposure
Our exposure to changes in interest rates primarily results from our Amended Credit Facility, as these borrowings have floating interest rates. The debt on our consolidated financial statements at March 31, 2009 with fixed interest rates consist of the 8.47% Bonds issued by MCF, a special purpose entity, in August 2001 in connection with the 2001 Sale and Leaseback Transaction and $112.0 million of Senior Notes. The detrimental effect of a hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates on our current borrowings under our Amended Credit Facility would be to reduce income before provision for income taxes by approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2009. At March 31, 2009, the fair value of our consolidated debt was approximately $315.0 million based upon quoted market prices or discounted future cash flows using the same or similar securities.
Inflation
Other than personnel, resident/inmate medical costs at certain facilities, and employee medical and worker’s compensation insurance costs, we believe that inflation has not had a material effect on our results of operations during the past two years. We have experienced significant increases in resident/inmate medical costs and employee medical and worker’s compensation insurance costs, and we have also experienced higher personnel costs during the past two years. Most of our facility management contracts provide for payments of either fixed per diem fees or per diem fees that increase by only small amounts during the term of the contracts. Inflation could substantially increase our personnel costs (the largest component of our operating expenses), medical and insurance costs or other operating expenses at rates faster than any increases in contract revenues. Food costs (part of our resident/inmate care costs) have also been subject to rising prices in 2009. We believe we have limited our exposure through long-term contracts with fixed term pricing.
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information disclosed in our annual and periodic reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. In addition, we designed these disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that this information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the chief executive officer (“CEO”) and chief financial officer (“CFO”), to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. SEC rules require that we disclose the conclusions of our CEO and CFO about the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures.
We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors or fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. In addition, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitation in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud could occur and not be detected.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, and as required by paragraph (b) of Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Exchange Act, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)
38
of the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period required by this report. Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that these controls and procedures are effective at a reasonable assurance level as of that date.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
In connection with the evaluation as required by paragraph (d) of Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Exchange Act, we have not identified any change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under Exchange Act) that occurred during our fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2009 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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* | Filed herewith |
** | Furnished herewith |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
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| CORNELL COMPANIES, INC. |
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Date: May 8, 2009 | By: | /s/ James E. Hyman |
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| JAMES E. HYMAN |
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| Chief Executive Officer, President and Chairman |
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Date: May 8, 2009 | By: | /s/ John R. Nieser |
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| JOHN R. NIESER |
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| Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer |
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