Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses | LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES The loans receivable portfolio is segmented into one-to-four family, multifamily, commercial real estate, business (including Small Business Administration loans), and consumer loans. The allowance for loan and lease losses ("ALLL") reflects management’s judgment in the evaluation of probable loan losses inherent in the portfolio at the balance sheet date. Management uses a disciplined process and methodology to calculate the ALLL each quarter. To determine the total ALLL, management estimates the reserves needed for each segment of the loan portfolio, including loans analyzed individually and loans analyzed on a pooled basis. From time to time, events or economic factors may affect the loan portfolio, causing management to provide additional or to release reserves from the ALLL. The ALLL is sensitive to risk ratings assigned to individually evaluated loans and economic assumptions and delinquency trends. Individual loan risk ratings are evaluated based on the specific facts related to that loan. Additions to the ALLL are made by charges to the provision for loan losses. Credit exposures deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the ALLL, while recoveries of previously charged off amounts are credited to the ALLL. The following is a summary of loans receivable at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019: December 31, 2019 March 31, 2019 $ in thousands Amount Percent Amount Percent Gross loans receivable: One-to-four family $ 111,218 26.6 % $ 108,363 25.5 % Multifamily 83,503 19.9 % 86,177 20.2 % Commercial real estate 134,884 32.2 % 130,812 30.7 % Business (1) 85,646 20.5 % 96,430 22.7 % Consumer (2) 3,552 0.8 % 4,023 0.9 % Total loans receivable $ 418,803 100.0 % $ 425,805 100.0 % Unamortized premiums, deferred costs and fees, net 3,516 3,023 Allowance for loan losses (4,607) (4,646) Total loans receivable, net $ 417,712 $ 424,182 (1) Includes business overdrafts (2) Includes personal loans and consumer overdrafts The following is an analysis of the allowance for loan losses based upon the method of evaluating loan impairment for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019. Three months ended December 31, 2019 $ in thousands One-to-four Multifamily Commercial Real Estate Business Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning Balance 1,289 884 695 1,491 248 18 $ 4,625 Charge-offs (12) — — (13) (8) — (33) Recoveries — — — 7 — — 7 Provision for (recovery of) Loan Losses (96) 36 (4) (1) (9) 82 8 Ending Balance $ 1,181 $ 920 $ 691 $ 1,484 $ 231 $ 100 $ 4,607 Nine months ended December 31, 2019 $ in thousands One-to-four Multifamily Commercial Real Estate Business Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning Balance $ 1,274 $ 885 $ 766 $ 1,330 $ 154 $ 237 $ 4,646 Charge-offs (12) — — (69) (81) — (162) Recoveries 8 — — 97 2 — 107 Provision for (recovery of) Loan Losses (89) 35 (75) 126 156 (137) 16 Ending Balance $ 1,181 $ 920 $ 691 $ 1,484 $ 231 $ 100 $ 4,607 Allowance for Loan Losses Ending Balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 1,023 $ 920 $ 691 $ 1,474 $ 231 $ 100 $ 4,439 Allowance for Loan Losses Ending Balance: individually evaluated for impairment 158 — — 10 — — 168 Loan Receivables Ending Balance: $ 113,352 $ 84,072 $ 135,424 $ 85,883 $ 3,588 $ — $ 422,319 Ending Balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 108,250 83,694 135,424 82,438 3,588 — 413,394 Ending Balance: individually evaluated for impairment 5,102 378 — 3,445 — — 8,925 At March 31, 2019 $ in thousands One-to-four family Multifamily Commercial Real Estate Business Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for Loan Losses Ending Balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $ 1,103 $ 885 $ 766 $ 1,312 $ 154 $ 237 $ 4,457 Allowance for Loan Losses Ending Balance: individually evaluated for impairment 171 — — 18 — — 189 Loan Receivables Ending Balance: $ 109,926 $ 86,886 $ 131,292 $ 96,661 $ 4,063 $ — $ 428,828 Ending Balance: collectively evaluated for impairment 104,509 83,672 130,816 93,399 4,063 — 416,459 Ending Balance: individually evaluated for impairment 5,417 3,214 476 3,262 — — 12,369 Three months ended December 31, 2018 $ in thousands One-to-four family Multifamily Commercial Real Estate Business Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning Balance $ 1,481 $ 939 $ 702 $ 1,530 $ 140 $ — $ 4,792 Charge-offs (6) — — (490) (7) — (503) Recoveries 186 — — 658 1 — 845 Provision for (recovery of) Loan Losses (198) (65) 36 (320) (12) 227 (332) Ending Balance $ 1,463 $ 874 $ 738 $ 1,378 $ 122 $ 227 $ 4,802 Nine months ended December 31, 2018 $ in thousands One-to-four family Multifamily Commercial Real Estate Business Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning Balance $ 1,210 $ 1,819 $ 1,052 $ 1,003 $ 18 $ 24 $ 5,126 Charge-offs (151) (100) — (830) (12) — (1,093) Recoveries 186 158 — 667 36 — 1,047 Provision for (recovery of) Loan Losses 218 (1,003) (314) 538 80 203 (278) Ending Balance $ 1,463 $ 874 $ 738 $ 1,378 $ 122 $ 227 $ 4,802 The following is a summary of nonaccrual loans at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019. $ in thousands December 31, 2019 March 31, 2019 Gross loans receivable: One-to-four family $ 4,053 $ 4,488 Multifamily 378 3,214 Commercial real estate — 476 Business 2,754 2,051 Consumer 8 65 Total nonaccrual loans $ 7,193 $ 10,294 Nonaccrual loans generally consist of loans for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued as a result of such loans becoming 90 days or more delinquent as to principal and/or interest payments. Interest income on nonaccrual loans is recorded when received based upon the collectability of the loan. At December 31, 2019, other non-performing assets totaled $120 thousand which consisted of other real estate owned comprised of two foreclosed residential properties, compared to $404 thousand comprised of four residential properties at March 31, 2019. Although we believe that substantially all risk elements at December 31, 2019 have been disclosed, it is possible that for a variety of reasons, including economic conditions, certain borrowers may be unable to comply with the contractual repayment terms on certain real estate and commercial loans. The Bank utilizes an internal loan classification system as a means of reporting problem loans within its loan categories. Loans may be classified as “Pass,” “Special Mention,” “Substandard,” “Doubtful,” and “Loss.” Loans rated Pass have demonstrated satisfactory asset quality, earning history, liquidity, and other adequate margins of creditor protection. They represent a moderate credit risk and some degree of financial stability. Loans are considered collectible in full, but perhaps require greater than average amount of loan officer attention. Borrowers are capable of absorbing normal setbacks without failure. Loans rated Special Mention have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Bank's credit position at some future date. Loans rated Substandard are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Loans rated Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make collection or liquidation in full, based on currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loans classified as Loss are those considered uncollectible with insignificant value and are charged off immediately to the allowance for loan losses. One-to-four family residential loans and consumer and other loans are rated non-performing if they are delinquent in payments ninety or more days, a troubled debt restructuring with less than six months contractual performance or past maturity. All other one-to-four family residential loans and consumer and other loans are performing loans. At December 31, 2019, and based on the most recent analysis performed in the current quarter, the risk category by class of loans is as follows: $ in thousands Multifamily Commercial Business Credit Risk Profile by Internally Assigned Grade: Pass $ 83,694 $ 134,803 $ 78,458 Special Mention — 621 3,951 Substandard 378 — 3,474 Total $ 84,072 $ 135,424 $ 85,883 One-to-four family Consumer Credit Risk Profile Based on Payment Activity: Performing $ 109,299 $ 3,580 Non-Performing 4,053 8 Total $ 113,352 $ 3,588 At March 31, 2019, and based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category by class of loans is as follows: $ in thousands Multifamily Commercial Real Estate Business Credit Risk Profile by Internally Assigned Grade: Pass $ 83,672 $ 128,319 $ 90,336 Special Mention — 2,497 2,425 Substandard 3,214 476 3,900 Total $ 86,886 $ 131,292 $ 96,661 One-to-four family Consumer Credit Risk Profile Based on Payment Activity: Performing $ 106,531 $ 4,063 Non-Performing 3,395 — Total $ 109,926 $ 4,063 The following table presents an aging analysis of the recorded investment of past due loans receivables at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019. December 31, 2019 $ in thousands 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 or More Days Past Due Total Past Current Total Loans One-to-four family $ 1,196 $ — $ 3,668 $ 4,864 $ 108,488 $ 113,352 Multifamily — 505 — 505 83,567 84,072 Commercial real estate 4,651 1,333 — 5,984 129,440 135,424 Business 2,777 4 1,830 4,611 81,272 85,883 Consumer 2 6 — 8 3,580 3,588 Total $ 8,626 $ 1,848 $ 5,498 $ 15,972 $ 406,347 $ 422,319 March 31, 2019 $ in thousands 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 or More Days Past Due Total Past Current Total Loans Receivables One-to-four family $ 1,827 $ — $ 3,395 $ 5,222 $ 104,704 $ 109,926 Multifamily 2,580 — 2,118 4,698 82,188 86,886 Commercial real estate 121 — — 121 131,171 131,292 Business 780 — 599 1,379 95,282 96,661 Consumer 87 53 65 205 3,858 4,063 Total $ 5,395 $ 53 $ 6,177 $ 11,625 $ 417,203 $ 428,828 The following table presents information on impaired loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, at December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019. At December 31, 2019 At March 31, 2019 $ in thousands Recorded Unpaid Associated Recorded Unpaid Associated With no specific allowance recorded: One-to-four family $ 4,291 $ 5,296 $ — $ 4,488 $ 5,643 $ — Multifamily 378 378 — 3,214 3,214 — Commercial real estate — — — 476 476 — Business 2,774 2,847 — 1,974 2,017 — With an allowance recorded: One-to-four family 811 806 158 929 929 171 Business 671 671 10 1,288 1,288 18 Total $ 8,925 $ 9,998 $ 168 $ 12,369 $ 13,567 $ 189 The following tables presents information on average balances of impaired loans and the interest income recognized on a cash basis for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. For the Three Months Ended December 31, For the Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2019 2018 $ in thousands Average Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Balance Interest Income Recognized Average Balance Interest Income Recognized With no specific allowance recorded: One-to-four family $ 4,143 $ 14 $ 4,608 $ 25 $ 4,390 $ 43 $ 4,973 $ 60 Multifamily 1,406 14 2,518 11 1,796 45 1,836 29 Commercial real estate — — 486 8 238 — 1,011 16 Business 2,096 16 1,204 — 2,374 41 1,192 6 With an allowance recorded: One-to-four family 813 — 938 — 870 — 1,000 — Multifamily — — — — — — 371 — Business 780 — 2,428 — 979 — 2,239 4 Total $ 9,238 $ 44 $ 12,182 $ 44 $ 10,647 $ 129 $ 12,622 $ 115 Troubled debt restructured ("TDR") loans consist of modified loans where borrowers have been granted concessions in regards to the terms of their loans due to financial or other difficulties, which rendered them unable to repay their loans under the original contractual terms. Total TDR loans at December 31, 2019 were $4.3 million, $2.6 million of which were non-performing as they were either not consistently performing in accordance with their modified terms or not performing in accordance with their modified terms for at least six months. At March 31, 2019, total TDR loans were $5.4 million, of which $3.2 million were non-performing. In certain circumstances, the Bank will modify a loan as part of a TDR under GAAP. Situations around these modifications may include extension of maturity date, reduction in the stated interest rate, rescheduling of future cash flows, reduction in the face amount of the debt or reduction of past accrued interest. Loans modified in TDRs are placed on nonaccrual status until the Company determines that future collection of principal and interest is reasonably assured, which generally requires that the borrower demonstrate performance according to the restructured terms for a period of at least six months. There were no loan modifications made during the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2019. There were two loan modification made during the three month period and three modifications made during the nine month period ended December 31, 2018. The following table presents an analysis of the loan modifications that were classified as TDRs during the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2018. Modifications to loans during the three month period ended Modifications to loans during the nine month period ended December 31, 2018 December 31, 2018 $ in thousands Number of loans Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment Post-Modification Recorded investment Pre-Modification rate Post-Modification rate Number of loans Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment Post-Modification Recorded investment Pre-Modification rate Post-Modification rate Business 2 $ 1,014 $ 648 6.11 % 6.24 % 3 $ 2,776 $ 2,360 6.51 % 6.06 % In an effort to proactively resolve delinquent loans, the Bank has selectively extended to certain borrowers concessions such as extensions, rate reductions or forbearance agreements. For the periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were no modified loans that defaulted within 12 months of modification. At December 31, 2019, there were 6 loans in the TDR portfolio totaling $1.8 million that were on accrual status as the Company has determined that future collection of the principal and interest is reasonably assured. These have generally performed according to restructured terms for a period of at least six months. At March 31, 2019, there were 8 loans in the TDR portfolio totaling $2.2 million that were on accrual status. Transactions With Certain Related Persons Federal law requires that all loans or extensions of credit to executive officers and directors must be made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with the general public and must not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features. The aggregate amount of loans outstanding to related parties was $70 thousand at December 31, 2019 and $80 thousand at March 31, 2019. During the nine months ended December 31, 2019, principal repayments totaled $10 thousand. Furthermore, loans above the greater of $25,000, or 5% of Carver Federal’s capital and surplus (up to $500,000), to Carver Federal’s directors and executive officers must be approved in advance by a majority of the disinterested members of Carver Federal’s Board of Directors. |