Summary of significant accounting policies | 2. Summary of significant accounting policies Principles of consolidation: Use of estimates : Segment reporting : Cash and cash equivalents : Allowance for doubtful accounts : The following table summarizes the activity recorded in the valuation account for accounts receivable: Year Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2019 2018 2017 Balance, beginning of period $ 205 $ 100 $ 50 Additions charged to costs and expenses 39 105 50 Deductions (23 ) - - Balance, end of period $ 221 $ 205 $ 100 Inventories: Fixed assets: Leases: “Leases” The new standard requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, respectively. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than 12 months regardless of their classification. Leases with a term of 12 months or less will be accounted for based on existing guidance for operating leases. If risks and rewards are conveyed without the transfer of control, the lease is treated as financing. If the lessor does not convey risks and rewards or control, the lease is treated as operating. We have elected certain practical expedients available under ASC 842 upon adoption. We have applied the practical expedient which allows prospective transition to ASC 842 on January 1, 2019. Under this transition practical expedient, we did not reassess lease classification, embedded leases or initial direct costs. We have applied the practical expedient for short-term leases. We have lease agreements that include lease and non-lease components, and we have not elected the practical expedients to combine these components for any of our leases. The adoption of ASC 842 had no effect on our Consolidated Statement of Income or Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. Upon adoption of ASC 842, we recorded a $3.7 million right-of-use asset and a $3.9 million lease liability. The adoption of the new standard had no impact on retained earnings. We enter into lease agreements for the use of real estate space and certain other Right of use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Lease right of use assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company determines its incremental borrowing rate by using the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term, an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Our lease right of use assets exclude lease incentives. Our leases have remaining lease terms of one year to eight years, some of which include options to extend. The majority of our leases with options to extend provide for extensions of up to five years with the ability to terminate the lease within one year. The exercise of lease renewal options is at our sole discretion and our lease right of use assets and liabilities reflect only the options we are reasonably certain that we will exercise. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Goodwill and Intangible assets : Revenue recognition: The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company will be entitled in exchange for transferring services to the customer. To the extent the transaction price includes variable consideration, such as price protection, reserves for returns and other allowances, the Company estimates the amount of variable consideration that should be included in the transaction price utilizing either the “expected value” method or the “most likely amount” method depending on the nature of the variable consideration. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if, in the Company’s judgment, it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. For a majority of our revenue, which consists of printers, terminals, consumables, and replacement parts, the Company recognizes revenue as of a point of time. The transaction price is recognized upon shipment of the order when control of the goods is transferred to the customer and at the time the performance obligation is fulfilled. We also sell a software solution in our casino and gaming market, EPICENTRAL™, that enables casino operators to create promotional coupons and marketing messages and to print them in real-time at the slot machine. EPICENTRAL TM Performance obligations are satisfied over time if the customer receives the benefits as we perform work, if the customer controls the asset as it is being produced, or if the product being produced for the customer has no alternative use and we have a contractual right to payment. For our separately priced extended warranty, BOHA! cloud-based software applications, technical support for our food service technology terminals and maintenance agreements (including free one-year maintenance received by customers upon completion of EPICENTRAL™ installation) revenue is recognized over time as the customer receives the benefit. The transaction price from the maintenance services is recognized ratably over time, using output methods, as control of the services is transferred to the customer. Our cloud-based BOHA! software allows customers to use hosted software over the contract period without taking possession of the software and are provided on a subscription basis and is recognized ratably over the contract period. For extended warranties, the transaction price is recognized ratably over the warranty period, using output methods, as control of the services is transferred to the customer. When there is more than one performance obligation in a customer arrangement, the Company typically uses the “standalone selling price” method to determine the transaction price to allocate to each performance obligation. The Company sells the performance obligations separately and has established standalone selling prices for its products and services. In the case of an overall price discount, the discount is applied to each performance obligation proportionately based on standalone selling price. To determine the standalone selling price for initial EPICENTRAL™ installations, the Company uses the adjusted market assessment approach. For contracts with terms of less than 12 months, the Company expenses sales commissions as they are incurred, since the expected amortization period of the cost to obtain a contract is less than 12 months. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606 in 2018, cost to obtain a contract were expensed as incurred regardless of the length of contract. Disaggregation of revenue The following table disaggregates our revenue by market-type, as we believe it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Sales and usage-based taxes are excluded from revenues. Year Ended December 31, 2019 United States International Total (In thousands) Food Service Technology $ 5,522 $ 582 $ 6,104 POS Automation and Banking 5,714 44 5,758 Casino and Gaming 13,076 8,453 21,529 Lottery 1,290 1 1,291 Printrex 961 205 1,166 TransAct Services Group 8,769 1,131 9,900 Total net sales $ 35,332 $ 10,416 $ 45,748 Year Ended December 31, 2018 United States International Total (In thousands) Food Service Technology $ 4,640 $ 446 $ 5,086 POS Automation and Banking 7,122 151 7,273 Casino and Gaming 17,518 9,075 26,593 Lottery 3,046 47 3,093 Printrex 1,028 269 1,297 TransAct Services Group 10,164 1,081 11,245 Total net sales $ 43,518 $ 11,069 $ 54,587 Year Ended December 31, 2017 United States International Total (In thousands) Food Service Technology $ 4,488 $ 374 $ 4,862 POS Automation and Banking 7,596 309 7,905 Casino and Gaming 13,608 5,007 18,615 Lottery 8,626 1,179 9,805 Printrex 849 203 1,052 TransAct Services Group 13,553 519 14,072 Total net sales $ 48,720 $ 7,591 $ 56,311 Contract balances Our contract liabilities consist of customer pre-payments and deferred revenue. Customer prepayments are reported as “Accrued Liabilities” in current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and represent customer payments made in advance of performance obligations in instances where credit has not been extended and is recognized as revenue when the performance obligation is complete. Deferred revenue is reported separately in current liabilities and non-current liabilities and consists of our extended warranty contracts, technical support for our food service technology terminals, EPICENTRAL™ maintenance contracts and testing service contracts and prepaid software subscriptions for our BOHA! software applications, and is recognized as revenue as (or when) we perform under the contract. The increase in current and non-current deferred revenue is primarily due to the sale of BOHA! software subscriptions, extended warranties and technical support for our food service technology terminals. We do not have any contract asset balances as of December 31, 2019 or 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2019, we recognized revenue of $0.4 million related to our contract liabilities as of December 31, 2018. Total contract liabilities consist of the following: December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 (In thousands) Customer pre-payments $ 232 $ 50 Deferred revenue, current 700 384 Deferred revenue, non-current 219 265 Total contract liabilities $ 1,151 $ 699 Remaining performance obligations Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of firm orders for which a good or service has not been delivered to our customer. As of December 31, 2019, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was $5.8 million. The Company expects to recognize revenue on $5.5 million of our remaining performance obligations within the next 12 months, $0.2 million within the next 24 months and the balance of these remaining performance obligations recognized within the next 36 months. Concentration of credit risk: Accounts receivable from customers representing 10% or more of total accounts receivable were as follows: December 31, 2019 2018 International Gaming Technology ("IGT") 15 % 21 % Bally Technologies 10 % 6 % Sales to customers representing 10% or more of total net sales were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 IGT 14 % 18 % 35 % Warranty: The following table summarizes the activity recorded in the accrued product warranty liability: Year Ended December 31, (In thousands) 2019 2018 2017 Balance, beginning of period $ 273 $ 267 $ 267 Warranties issued 181 269 259 Warranty settlements (239 ) (263 ) (259 ) Balance, end of period $ 215 $ 273 $ 267 $174 thousand and $192 thousand of the accrued product warranty liability were classified as current in Accrued liabilities at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The remaining $41 thousand and $81 thousand of the accrued product warranty liability as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, is classified as long-term in Other liabilities. Engineering, design and product development: Costs incurred in the engineering, design and product development of a computer software product are charged to expense until technological feasibility has been established, at which point all material software costs are capitalized within Intangible assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheet until the product is available for general release to customers. While judgment is required in determining when technological feasibility of a product is established, we have determined that it is reached after all high-risk development issues have been documented in a formal detailed plan design. The amortization of these costs have been included in cost of sales over the estimated life of the product. During 2019 and 2018, we contracted several third-parties to develop software for our food service technology products. Unamortized development costs for such software were $704 thousand as of December 31, 2019. The total amount charged to cost of sales for capitalized software development costs was $186 thousand, $30 thousand and $2 thousand in 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. Advertising: Income taxes: Foreign currency translation: Share-based payments: We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to calculate the fair value of share based awards. The key assumptions for this valuation method include the expected term of the option, stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, market price of our underlying stock and exercise price. Many of these assumptions are judgmental and highly sensitive in the determination of compensation expense. Beginning in the first quarter of 2017, we recognize forfeitures as they occur. In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, "Compensation-Stock Compensation: Scope of modification accounting". ASU 2017-09 provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in ASC 718. ASU No. 2017-09 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. The amendments are applied prospectively to an award modified on or after the adoption date. We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2018 and the adoption did not result in a change to our financial statements. Net income and loss per share: |