This statement is being filed by City of London Investment Group PLC ("CLIG") and City of London Investment Management Company Limited ("CLIM," and together with CLIG, the "Reporting Persons").
The principal business of CLIG is serving as the parent holding company for the City of London group of companies, including CLIM.
CLIM is primarily an emerging markets fund manager, which specializes in investing in closed-end investment companies and is a registered investment adviser under Section 203 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. CLIM is controlled by CLIG. CLIM is principally engaged in the business of providing investment advisory services to various public and private investment funds, including The Emerging World Fund ("EWF"), a Dublin, Ireland-listed open-ended investment company, Emerging Markets Country Fund ("GBL"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Investable Emerging Markets Country Fund ("IEM"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Emerging Markets (BMI) Country Fund ("BMI"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Emerging (Free) Markets Country Fund ("FREE"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, The Frontier Emerging Markets Fund ("FRONT"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, The Bangladesh Fund ("EAST"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, The EM Plus CEF Fund ("PLUS"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, International Equity (CEF) Fund ("IEF"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Emerging Markets Global Fund ("EMG"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Emerging Markets Investable Fund ("EMI"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Emerging Markets Free Fund ("EMF"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Global Emerging Markets Fund ("GEM"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Tactical Income CEF Fund ("Tactical Income"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Tradex Global Equity Fund ("Tradex"), an Ontario mutual fund, and unaffiliated third-party segregated accounts over which CLIM exercises discretionary voting and investment authority (the "Segregated Accounts").
The Shares to which this Schedule relates are owned directly by the City of London Funds and the Segregated Accounts, collectively "the Funds".