Allowance for Loan Loss | Allowance for Loan Losses While the Company seeks to manage its loan portfolio to avoid concentration by industry and loan size to lessen its credit risk exposure, inherent in the lending process is the risk of loss due to customer non-payment, or “credit risk.” The Company endeavors to minimize this risk through sound underwriting practices and the risk management function, however, management recognizes that loan losses will occur and that the amount of these losses will fluctuate depending on the risk characteristics of the loan portfolio and economic conditions. The allowance for loan losses is an estimate of probable credit risk inherent in the loan portfolio as of the specified balance sheet dates. The Company maintains the allowance at a level that it deems adequate to absorb all reasonably anticipated probable losses from specifically known and other credit risks associated with the portfolio. In making its assessment on the adequacy of the allowance, management considers several quantitative and qualitative factors that could have an effect on the credit quality of the portfolio including, individual assessment of larger and high risk credits, delinquency trends and the level of non-performing loans, impaired and restructured loans, net charge-offs, the growth and composition of the loan portfolio, expansion in geographic market area, the experience level of lenders and changes in underwriting criteria, and the strength of the local and national economy, among other factors. Allowance for probable loan losses methodology On a quarterly basis, management prepares an estimate of the allowance necessary to cover estimated credit losses. The Company uses a systematic methodology to measure the amount of estimated loan loss exposure inherent in the portfolio for purposes of establishing a sufficient allowance for loan losses. The methodology makes use of specific reserves, for loans individually evaluated and deemed impaired, and general reserves, for larger groups of homogeneous loans, which are collectively evaluated relying on a combination of qualitative and quantitative factors that could have an impact on the credit quality of the portfolio. Specific Reserves for loans individually evaluated for impairment When a loan is deemed to be impaired, management estimates the credit loss by comparing the loan's carrying value against either 1) the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate; 2) the loan's observable market price; or 3) the expected realizable fair value of the collateral, in the case of collateral dependent loans. A specific allowance is assigned to the impaired loan for the amount of estimated credit loss. Impaired loans are charged off, in whole or in part, when management believes that the recorded investment in the loan is uncollectible. General Reserves for loans collectively evaluated for impairment In assessing the general reserves management has segmented the portfolio for groups of loans with similar risk characteristics, by I. Non-classified loans, and II. Regulatory problem-asset segments. These groups are further subdivided by loan category or internal risk rating, respectively. The general loss allocation factors take into account the quantitative historic loss experience, qualitative or environmental factors such as those identified above, as well as regulatory guidance and industry data. I. Non-classified loans by credit type: Management has established the modified historic loss factor for non-classified loan segments by first calculating net charge-offs over a period of time, divided by the average loan balance over that same period. The time period utilized equates to the estimated loss emergence period for each loan segment. This average period may be changed from time to time to be reflective of the most appropriate corresponding conditions (market, economic, etc.). These historic loss factors are then adjusted up or down based on management’s assessment of current qualitative factors that are likely to cause estimated credit losses as of the evaluation date to differ from the segment’s historical loss experience. These key qualitative factors include the following broad categories: • Several key areas of expansion and growth, including geographic market, changes in lending staff, new or expanded product lines, changes in composition and portfolio concentrations; • Changes in the trend and current volume and severity of past due loans, non-accrual loans and the severity of adversely classified and impaired loans compared to historical levels; and • The current economic environment and conditions (local, state and national) and their general implications to each loan category. Management weighs the current effect of each of these areas on each particular non-classified loan segment in determining the allowance allocation factors. Management must exercise significant judgment when evaluating the effect of these qualitative factors on the amount of the allowance for loan losses on the non-classified segments because data may not be reasonably available or directly applicable to determine the precise impact of a factor on the collectability of the loan portfolio as of the evaluation date. The methodology contemplates a range of acceptable levels for these factors due to the subjective nature of the factors and the qualitative considerations related to the inherent credit risk in the portfolio. II. Regulatory problem-assets segments by credit rating: For determining the reserve percentages for problem-loans, management has segmented the portfolio following the regulatory problem-asset segments by risk rating: Criticized; Substandard; Doubtful; or Loss, after excluding loans that are individually evaluated for impairment. Management utilizes regulatory guidance and industry data in relation to the Company's own portfolio statistics as a basis for determining the allocation factors for each class of regulatory problem-assets. Management recognizes that additional issues may also impact the estimate of credit losses to some degree. From time to time management will re-evaluate the qualitative factors, regulatory guidance, and industry data in use in order to consider the impact of other issues which, based on changing circumstances, may become more significant in the future. The balances of loans as of December 31, 2015 by segment and evaluation method are summarized as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Loans individually evaluated for impairment Loans collectively evaluated for impairment Total Loans Commercial real estate $ 12,287 $ 924,634 $ 936,921 Commercial and industrial 7,810 450,743 458,553 Commercial construction 3,032 199,961 202,993 Residential 366 168,822 169,188 Home equity 169 83,204 83,373 Consumer 24 10,723 10,747 Deferred fees — (1,813 ) (1,813 ) Total loans $ 23,688 $ 1,836,274 $ 1,859,962 See the section titled "Impaired Loans" below, for information regarding the changes in impaired loans balances at December 31, 2015 compared to the prior year. The balances of loans as of December 31, 2014 by segment and evaluation method are summarized as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Loans individually evaluated for impairment Loans collectively evaluated for impairment Total Loans Commercial real estate $ 15,003 $ 847,744 $ 862,747 Commercial and industrial 10,901 392,093 402,994 Commercial construction 2,675 165,369 168,044 Residential 465 149,494 149,959 Home equity 180 79,838 80,018 Consumer 28 10,680 10,708 Deferred fees — (1,866 ) (1,866 ) Total loans $ 29,252 $ 1,643,352 $ 1,672,604 Credit Risk Management The level of adversely classified loans, delinquent and non-performing assets is largely a function of economic conditions, the overall banking environment, the Company's underwriting and credit risk management standards. The Company’s commercial lending focus may entail significant additional risks compared to long term financing on existing, owner-occupied residential real estate. The Company endeavors to minimize this risk through sound underwriting practices and the risk management function. The credit risk management function focuses on a wide variety of factors, including, among others, current and expected economic conditions, the real estate market, the financial condition of borrowers, the ability of borrowers to adapt to changing conditions or circumstances affecting their business and the continuity of borrowers’ management teams. Early detection of credit issues is critical to minimize credit losses. Accordingly, management regularly monitors these factors, among others, through ongoing credit reviews by the Credit Department, an external loan review service, reviews by members of senior management and the Loan Committee of the Board of Directors. This review includes the assessment of internal credit quality indicators such as the risk classification of individual loans, individual review of adversely classified loans, past due and non-accrual loans, impaired and restructured loans, and the level of foreclosure activity, as well as trends in the general levels of these indicators. However, despite prudent loan underwriting and ongoing credit risk management, adverse changes within the Company's market area or deterioration in the local, regional or national economic conditions could negatively impact the portfolio's credit risk profile and the Company's asset quality in the future. Management believes that the general credit profile of the portfolio and individual commercial relationships will continue to be affected by lagging effects that the economic environment has had on the regional and local commercial markets. Credit Quality Indicators Adversely Classified Loans The Company's loan risk rating system classifies loans depending on risk of loss characteristics. The classifications range from “substantially risk free” for the highest quality loans and loans that are secured by cash collateral, to the more severe adverse classifications of "substandard," "doubtful" and “loss” based on criteria established under banking regulations. Loans classified as substandard include those loans characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. These loans are inadequately protected by the sound net worth and paying capacity of the borrower; repayment has become increasingly reliant on collateral liquidation or reliance on guaranties; credit weaknesses are well-defined; borrower cash flow is insufficient to meet the required debt service specified in the loan terms and to meet other obligations, such as trade debt and tax payments. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in a substandard rated loan with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or full payment from liquidation, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The probability of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the loan, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until more exact status may be determined. Loans classified as loss are generally considered uncollectible at present, although long term recovery of part or all of loan proceeds may be possible. These “loss” loans would require a specific loss reserve or charge-off. Adversely classified loans may be accruing or in non-accrual status and may be additionally designated as impaired or restructured, or some combination thereof. Loans which are evaluated to be of weaker credit quality are reviewed on a more frequent basis by management. The following tables present the credit risk profile by internally assigned adverse risk rating category at the periods indicated. December 31, 2015 (Dollars in thousands) Adversely Classified Not Adversely Classified Gross Loans Substandard Doubtful Loss Commercial real estate $ 12,487 $ — $ — $ 924,434 $ 936,921 Commercial and industrial 8,670 — 3 449,880 458,553 Commercial construction 1,776 — — 201,217 202,993 Residential 1,278 — — 167,910 169,188 Home equity 503 — 5 82,865 83,373 Consumer 38 11 — 10,698 10,747 Total gross loans $ 24,752 $ 11 $ 8 $ 1,837,004 $ 1,861,775 December 31, 2014 (Dollars in thousands) Adversely Classified Not Adversely Classified Gross Loans Substandard Doubtful Loss Commercial real estate $ 11,409 $ 1,188 $ 19 $ 850,131 $ 862,747 Commercial and industrial 11,298 51 57 391,588 402,994 Commercial construction 2,759 — — 165,285 168,044 Residential 1,133 — — 148,826 149,959 Home equity 464 — — 79,554 80,018 Consumer 48 — — 10,660 10,708 Total gross loans $ 27,111 $ 1,239 $ 76 $ 1,646,044 $ 1,674,470 Total adversely classified loans amounted to 1.33% of total loans at December 31, 2015 , as compared to 1.70% at December 2014 . At December 31, 2015 , as compared to December 2014 , adversely classified balances declined $3.7 million , primarily due to several larger commercial loan payoffs, charge-offs, upgrades and principal payments within the commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loan segments, partially offset by additional credit downgrades within the commercial real estate, commercial and industrial, and commercial construction portfolio during the period. Past Due and Non-Accrual Loans Loans on which the accrual of interest has been discontinued are designated as non-accrual loans are credit downgraded to one of the adversely classified categories noted above. Accrual of interest on loans is generally discontinued when a loan becomes contractually past due, with respect to interest or principal, by 90 days, or when reasonable doubt exists as to the full and timely collection of interest or principal. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, all interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period interest income. Interest accruals are resumed on such loans only when payments are brought current and have remained current for a period of 180 days and when, in the judgment of management, the collectability of both principal and interest is reasonably assured. Interest payments received on loans in a non-accrual status are generally applied to principal on the books of the Company. Additionally, deposit accounts overdrawn for 90 or more days are included in the consumer non-accrual numbers below. The following table presents an age analysis of past due loans as of December 31, 2015 . (Dollars in thousands) Loans 30-59 Days Past Due Loans 60-89 Days Past Due Non-accrual Loans Total Past Due Loans Current Loans Gross Loans Commercial real estate $ 1,124 $ 1,140 $ 8,506 $ 10,770 $ 926,151 $ 936,921 Commercial and industrial 1,218 691 4,323 6,232 452,321 458,553 Commercial construction 581 — 335 916 202,077 202,993 Residential 250 180 366 796 168,392 169,188 Home equity 622 — 288 910 82,463 83,373 Consumer 35 10 27 72 10,675 10,747 Total gross loans $ 3,830 $ 2,021 $ 13,845 $ 19,696 $ 1,842,079 $ 1,861,775 The following table presents an age analysis of past due loans as of December 31, 2014 . (Dollars in thousands) Loans 30-59 Days Past Due Loans 60-89 Days Past Due Non-accrual Loans Total Past Due Loans Current Loans Gross Loans Commercial real estate $ 1,471 $ 1,235 $ 9,714 $ 12,420 $ 850,327 $ 862,747 Commercial and industrial 1,184 101 5,950 7,235 395,759 402,994 Commercial construction — — 447 447 167,597 168,044 Residential 1,328 370 763 2,461 147,498 149,959 Home equity 29 — 245 274 79,744 80,018 Consumer 94 1 17 112 10,596 10,708 Total gross loans $ 4,106 $ 1,707 $ 17,136 $ 22,949 $ 1,651,521 $ 1,674,470 At December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , all loans 90 or more days past due were carried as non-accruing. Non-accrual loans which were not adversely classified amounted to $402 thousand at December 31, 2015 and $211 thousand at December 31, 2014 . These balances primarily represented the guaranteed portions of non-performing U.S. Small Business Administration loans. The majority of the non-accrual loan balances were also carried as impaired loans during the periods and are discussed further below. The ratio of non-accrual loans to total loans amounted to 0.74% and 1.02% at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , respectively. Reductions in non-accrual loans were seen in all commercial segments, led by commercial and industrial and commercial real estate loans as loan payoffs, charge-offs and principal payment continued during the period. At December 31, 2015 , additional funding commitments for loans on non-accrual status totaled $910 thousand . The Company's obligation to fulfill the additional funding commitments on non-accrual loans is generally contingent on the borrower's compliance with the terms of the credit agreement. If the borrower is not in compliance, additional funding commitments may or may not be made at the Company's discretion. The reduction in interest income for the years ended December 31, associated with non-accruing loans is summarized as follows: (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 2013 Income in accordance with original loan terms $ 1,052 $ 1,007 $ 1,171 Less income recognized 426 323 680 Reduction in interest income $ 626 $ 684 $ 491 Impaired Loans Impaired loans are individually significant loans for which management considers it probable that not all amounts due (principal and interest) in accordance with original contractual terms will be collected. The majority of impaired loans are included within the non-accrual balances; however, not every loan in non-accrual status has been designated as impaired. Impaired loans include loans that have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring (or "TDR", see below). Impaired loans exclude large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans, such as residential mortgage loans and consumer loans, which are collectively evaluated for impairment, and loans that are measured at fair value, unless the loan is amended in a TDR. Management does not set any minimum delay of payments as a factor in reviewing for impaired classification. Management considers the individual payment status, net worth and earnings potential of the borrower, and the value and cash flow of the collateral as factors to determine if a loan will be paid in accordance with its contractual terms. An impaired or TDR loan classification will be considered for upgrade based on the borrower's sustained performance over time and their improving financial condition, the expectation of the borrower's ability to continue to service the loan in accordance with the original or modified terms and the collectability of the remaining balance, and in the case of TDR loans, an interest rate at or greater than a market rate for a similar credit at the time of modification. Impaired loans are individually evaluated for credit loss and a specific reserve is assigned for the amount of the estimated credit loss. Refer to heading “Allowance for probable loan losses methodology” contained within this Note 4 for further discussion of management’s methodology used to estimate specific reserves for impaired loans. Total impaired loans amounted to $23.7 million and $29.3 million at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , respectively. Total accruing impaired loans amounted to $10.1 million and $12.5 million at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , respectively, while non-accrual impaired loans amounted to $13.6 million and $16.7 million as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , respectively. The following table sets forth the recorded investment in impaired loans and the related specific allowance allocated as of December 31, 2015 . (Dollars in thousands) Unpaid contractual principal balance Total recorded investment in impaired loans Recorded investment with no allowance Recorded investment with allowance Related specific allowance Commercial real estate $ 14,903 $ 12,287 $ 11,734 $ 553 $ 186 Commercial and industrial 9,816 7,810 5,253 2,557 1,078 Commercial construction 3,147 3,032 1,583 1,449 499 Residential 453 366 366 — — Home equity 308 169 164 5 5 Consumer 25 24 — 24 24 Total $ 28,652 $ 23,688 $ 19,100 $ 4,588 $ 1,792 The following table sets forth the recorded investment in impaired loans and the related specific allowance allocated as of December 31, 2014 . (Dollars in thousands) Unpaid contractual principal balance Total recorded investment in impaired loans Recorded investment with no allowance Recorded investment with allowance Related specific allowance Commercial real estate $ 17,182 $ 15,003 $ 14,800 $ 203 $ 68 Commercial and industrial 11,991 10,901 5,461 5,440 1,516 Commercial construction 2,862 2,675 1,150 1,525 519 Residential 537 465 465 — — Home equity 183 180 — 180 26 Consumer 28 28 — 28 28 Total $ 32,783 $ 29,252 $ 21,876 $ 7,376 $ 2,157 The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans and the related interest recognized during the year ends indicated. December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 December 31, 2013 (Dollars in thousands) Average recorded investment Interest income recognized Average recorded investment Interest income recognized Average recorded investment Interest income recognized Commercial real estate $ 13,827 $ 196 $ 14,135 $ 223 $ 17,673 $ 237 Commercial and industrial 9,372 97 10,682 156 9,444 92 Commercial construction 2,202 83 3,158 105 3,227 77 Residential 449 — 1,082 3 745 9 Home equity 174 1 208 — 120 — Consumer 45 — 27 2 18 2 Total $ 26,069 $ 377 $ 29,292 $ 489 $ 31,227 $ 417 Interest income that was not recognized on loans that were deemed impaired as of December 31, 2015 , 2014 and 2013 , amounted to $688 thousand , $647 thousand , and $445 thousand , respectively. All payments received on impaired loans in non-accrual status are applied to principal. At December 31, 2015 , additional funding commitments for impaired loans totaled $749 thousand . The Company's obligation to fulfill the additional funding commitments on impaired loans is generally contingent on the borrower's compliance with the terms of the credit agreement. If the borrower is not in compliance, additional funding commitments may or may not be made at the Company's discretion. Troubled Debt Restructurings Loans are designated as a TDR when, as part of an agreement to modify the original contractual terms of the loan, the Bank grants the borrower a concession on the terms, that would otherwise not be considered, as a result of financial difficulties of the borrower. Typically, such concessions consist of a reduction in interest rate to a below market rate, taking into account the credit quality of the note, or a deferment or reduction of payments (principal or interest), which materially alters the Bank’s position or significantly extends the note’s maturity date, such that the present value of cash flows to be received is materially less than those contractually established at the loan’s origination. All loans that are modified are reviewed by the Company to identify if a TDR has occurred. TDR loans are included in the impaired loan category and as such, these loans are individually reviewed and evaluated, and a specific reserve is assigned for the amount of the estimated credit loss. Total TDR loans, included in the impaired loan figures above as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , were $17.1 million and $19.5 million , respectively. TDR loans on accrual status amounted to $10.1 million and $11.9 million at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , respectively. TDR loans included in non-performing loans amounted to $7.1 million and $7.5 million at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , respectively. The Company continues to work with commercial relationships and enters into loan modifications to the extent deemed to be necessary or appropriate to ensure the best mutual outcome given the current economic environment. At December 31, 2015 , additional funding commitments for TDR loans totaled $469 thousand . The Company's obligation to fulfill the additional funding commitments on non-accrual loans is generally contingent on the borrower's compliance with the terms of the credit agreement. If the borrower is not in compliance, additional funding commitments may or may not be made at the Company's discretion. The following tables present certain information regarding loan modifications classified as troubled debt restructures. Troubled debt restructure agreements entered into during the year ended December 31, 2015 . (Dollars in thousands) Number of restructurings Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment Post-modification outstanding recorded investment Commercial real estate 4 $ 269 $ 371 Commercial and industrial 8 1,786 1,600 Commercial construction 2 1,339 1,339 Residential — — — Home equity — — — Consumer 1 4 3 Total 15 $ 3,398 $ 3,313 Loans modified as troubled debt restructuring within the previous twelve months for which there was a subsequent payment default during the year ended December 31, 2015 . (Dollars in thousands) Number of TDRs that defaulted Post-modification outstanding recorded investment Commercial real estate — $ — Commercial and industrial 3 759 Commercial construction — — Residential — — Home equity — — Consumer — — Total 3 $ 759 There were no subsequent charge-offs associated with TDRs modified during 2015 . At December 31, 2015 , specific reserves allocated to the 2015 TDRs amounted to $201 thousand , as management considers it likely the un-reserved principal will ultimately be collected. Interest payments received on non-accruing 2015 TDR loans which were applied to principal and not recognized as interest income amounted to $18 thousand . Troubled debt restructure agreements entered into during the year ended December 31, 2014 . (Dollars in thousands) Number of restructurings Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment Post-modification outstanding recorded investment Commercial real estate 3 $ 1,972 $ 1,972 Commercial and industrial 8 263 256 Commercial construction — — — Residential 1 124 121 Home equity 1 73 73 Consumer — — — Total 13 $ 2,432 $ 2,422 Loans modified as troubled debt restructuring within the previous twelve months for which there was a subsequent payment default during the year ended December 31, 2014 . (Dollars in thousands) Number of TDRs that defaulted Post-modification outstanding recorded investment Commercial real estate — $ — Commercial and industrial 1 64 Commercial construction — — Residential 1 121 Home equity — — Consumer — — Total 2 $ 185 There were $66 thousand in charge-offs associated with TDRs noted in the table above. At December 31, 2014 , specific reserves allocated to the 2014 TDRs amounted to $43 thousand as management considered it likely the principal would ultimately be collected. Interest payments received on non-accruing 2014 TDR loans which were applied to principal and not recognized as interest income amounted to $9 thousand . Other Real Estate Owned The Company carried no OREO at December 31, 2015 compared to $861 thousand at December 31, 2014 . During the year ended December 31, 2015 , the Company sold the three properties held at December 31, 2014 , recognizing net gains on OREO sales of $154 thousand ; there were no additions to OREO, or subsequent impairment write-downs during the period. During the year ended December 31, 2014 , there were no sales or subsequent impairment write-downs on OREO. Allowance for Loan Loss Activity The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses, a direct charge to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes that the collectability of the loan principal is unlikely. Recoveries on loans previously charged-off are credited to the allowance. The allowance for loan losses amounted $29.0 million at December 31, 2015 compared to $27.1 million at December 31, 2014 . The allowance for loan losses to total loans ratio was 1.56% at December 31, 2015 , compared to 1.62% at December 31, 2014 . The decline in the overall allowance to total loan ratio at December 31, 2015 primarily resulted from the increase in the outstanding loan balances and a reduction in specific reserves and reflects the generally improving credit quality of the loan portfolio in the current period due, in part, to improved economic conditions. Specific reserves declined due to current charge-offs on commercial relationships for which management deemed collectability of amounts due was unlikely based on current realizable collateral values, partially offset by additional reserves for newly impaired loans during the period. Loan growth for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $187.4 million , compared to $148.5 million for 2014 . For the year ended December 31, 2015 , the Company recorded net charge-offs of $1.4 million compared to $1.2 million for 2014 . Provisions made to the allowance for loan losses amounted to $3.3 million and $1.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 , respectively. The majority of the 2014 charge-offs were previously allocated specific reserves on commercial relationships, which contributed to the lower provision for loan losses in 2014 . Management continues to closely monitor the non-performing assets, charge-offs and necessary allowance levels, including specific reserves. Based on management’s judgment as to the existing credit risks inherent in the loan portfolio, as discussed above under the heading "Credit Quality Indicators," management believes that the Company’s allowance for loan losses is adequate to absorb probable losses from specifically known and other probable credit risks associated with the portfolio as of December 31, 2015 . Changes in the allowance for loan losses for the years ended December 31, are summarized as follows: (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 2013 Balance at beginning of year $ 27,121 $ 26,967 $ 24,254 Provision charged to operations 3,267 1,395 3,279 Loan recoveries 409 735 415 Less: Loans charged-off 1,789 1,976 981 Balance at end of year $ 29,008 $ 27,121 $ 26,967 Changes in the allowance for loan losses by segment for the year ended December 31, 2015 , are presented below: (Dollars in thousands) Cmml Real Estate Cmml and Industrial Cmml Constr Resid. Mortgage Home Equity Cnsmr Total Beg. Balance, 12/31/14 $ 12,664 $ 9,245 $ 3,384 $ 989 $ 608 $ 231 $ 27,121 Provision 909 1,805 496 72 (83 ) 68 3,267 Recoveries 74 279 25 — 15 16 409 Less: Charge offs 133 1,571 — — — 85 1,789 Ending Balance, 12/31/15 $ 13,514 $ 9,758 $ 3,905 $ 1,061 $ 540 $ 230 $ 29,008 Ending allowance balance allotted to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 186 $ 1,078 $ 499 $ — $ 5 $ 24 $ 1,792 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment $ 13,328 $ 8,680 $ 3,406 $ 1,061 $ 535 $ 206 $ 27,216 Changes in the allowance for loan losses by segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 , are presented below: (Dollars in thousands) Cmml Real Estate Cmml and Industrial Cmml Constr Resid. Mortgage Home Equity Cnsmr Total Beg. Balance, 12/31/13 $ 13,174 $ 8,365 $ 3,493 $ 1,057 $ 653 $ 225 $ 26,967 Provision (186 ) 1,627 (41 ) (22 ) (19 ) 36 1,395 Recoveries 21 616 66 — 1 31 735 Less: Charge offs 345 1,363 134 46 27 61 1,976 Ending Balance, 12/31/14 $ 12,664 $ 9,245 $ 3,384 $ 989 $ 608 $ 231 $ 27,121 Ending allowance balance allotted to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 68 $ 1,516 $ 519 $ — $ 26 $ 28 $ 2,157 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment $ 12,596 $ 7,729 $ 2,865 $ 989 $ 582 $ 203 $ 24,964 During 2012, the Company purchased a group of residential mortgage loans with a carrying value of $7.4 million at December 31, 2015 . These purchased loans were initially booked at fair market value and, in accordance with accounting guidance, do not carry an initial allowance for loan losses. Management will continue to closely monitor this portfolio of non-classified loans for estimated credit loss under general loss allocations taking into account the loss experience as well as the quantitative and qualitative factors identified above. To date this portfolio has paid down by approximately $19.0 million and no losses have been recorded. |