Allowance for Loan Loss | Allowance for Loan Losses Allowance for probable loan losses methodology On a quarterly basis, management prepares an estimate of the allowance necessary to cover estimated probable credit losses. The Company uses a systematic methodology to measure the amount of estimated loan loss exposure inherent in the portfolio for purposes of establishing a sufficient allowance for loan losses. The methodology makes use of specific reserves for loans individually evaluated and deemed impaired, and general reserves for larger groups of homogeneous loans, which are collectively evaluated relying on a combination of qualitative and quantitative factors that may affect credit quality of the pool. There have been no material changes to the Company's underwriting practices, credit risk management system, or to the allowance assessment methodology used to estimate loan loss exposure as reported in the 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Refer to Note 4, "Allowance for Loan Losses," to the Company's consolidated financial statements contained in the 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of management's methodology used to estimate a sufficient allowance for loan losses, the credit risk management function and adversely classified loan rating system. The balances of loans as of March 31, 2017 by segment and evaluation method are summarized as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Loans individually evaluated for impairment Loans collectively evaluated for impairment Gross Loans Commercial real estate $ 12,229 $ 1,052,432 $ 1,064,661 Commercial and industrial 12,738 494,874 507,612 Commercial construction 1,935 207,766 209,701 Residential mortgages 282 183,208 183,490 Home equity loans and lines 602 90,692 91,294 Consumer 14 10,131 10,145 Total gross loans $ 27,800 $ 2,039,103 $ 2,066,903 The balances of loans as of December 31, 2016 by segment and evaluation method are summarized as follows: (Dollars in thousands) Loans individually evaluated for impairment Loans collectively evaluated for impairment Gross Loans Commercial real estate $ 14,261 $ 1,023,821 $ 1,038,082 Commercial and industrial 13,372 477,427 490,799 Commercial construction 3,364 210,083 213,447 Residential mortgages 289 180,271 180,560 Home equity loans and lines 509 90,556 91,065 Consumer 1 10,844 10,845 Total gross loans $ 31,796 $ 1,993,002 $ 2,024,798 Credit quality indicators Early detection of credit issues is critical to minimize credit losses. Accordingly, management regularly monitors internal credit quality indicators such as the risk classification of individual loans, individual review of problem assets, past due and non-accrual loans, impaired and restructured loans, and the level of foreclosure activity, as well as trends in the general levels of these indicators. These credit quality indicators are discussed below. Adversely classified loans The Company's loan risk rating system classifies loans depending on risk of loss characteristics. Loans which are evaluated to be of weaker credit quality are reviewed on a more frequent basis by management. The classifications range from "substantially risk free" for the highest quality loans and loans that are secured by cash collateral, through a satisfactory range of "minimal," "moderate," "better than average," and "average" risk, to the regulatory problem-asset classifications of "criticized," for loans that may need additional monitoring, and the more severe adverse classifications of "substandard," "doubtful," and "loss" based on criteria established under banking regulations. Adversely classified loans may be accruing or in non-accrual status and may be additionally designated as impaired or restructured, or some combination thereof. The following tables present the Company's credit risk profile for each class of loan in its portfolio by internally assigned adverse risk rating category as of the periods indicated. March 31, 2017 Adversely Classified Not Adversely (Dollars in thousands) Substandard Doubtful Loss Classified Gross Loans Commercial real estate $ 15,778 $ — $ — $ 1,048,883 $ 1,064,661 Commercial and industrial 11,948 54 2 495,608 507,612 Commercial construction 1,935 — — 207,766 209,701 Residential mortgages 1,397 — — 182,093 183,490 Home equity loans and lines 755 — — 90,539 91,294 Consumer 42 — — 10,103 10,145 Total gross loans $ 31,855 $ 54 $ 2 $ 2,034,992 $ 2,066,903 December 31, 2016 Adversely Classified Not Adversely (Dollars in thousands) Substandard Doubtful Loss Classified Gross Loans Commercial real estate $ 16,003 $ — $ — $ 1,022,079 $ 1,038,082 Commercial and industrial 12,770 99 2 477,928 490,799 Commercial construction 3,364 — — 210,083 213,447 Residential mortgages 1,414 — — 179,146 180,560 Home equity loans and lines 666 — — 90,399 91,065 Consumer 30 — — 10,815 10,845 Total gross loans $ 34,247 $ 99 $ 2 $ 1,990,450 $ 2,024,798 Total adversely classified loans amounted to 1.55% of total loans at March 31, 2017 , as compared to 1.70% at December 31, 2016 . Past due and non-accrual loans The following tables present an age analysis of past due loans as of the dates indicated: Balance at March 31, 2017 (Dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Past Due 90 days or more Total Past Due Loans Current Loans Gross Loans Non-accrual Loans Commercial real estate $ 2,595 $ 3,593 $ 1,947 $ 8,135 $ 1,056,526 $ 1,064,661 $ 5,116 Commercial and industrial 1,407 1,588 1,149 4,144 503,468 507,612 2,716 Commercial construction 310 — — 310 209,391 209,701 515 Residential mortgages 689 98 96 883 182,607 183,490 282 Home equity loans and lines 215 97 312 624 90,670 91,294 705 Consumer 110 20 9 139 10,006 10,145 23 Total gross loans $ 5,326 $ 5,396 $ 3,513 $ 14,235 $ 2,052,668 $ 2,066,903 $ 9,357 Balance at December 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Past Due 90 days or more Total Past Due Loans Current Loans Gross Loans Non-accrual Loans Commercial real estate $ 5,993 $ 923 $ 1,399 $ 8,315 $ 1,029,767 $ 1,038,082 $ 4,876 Commercial and industrial 267 4 1,544 1,815 488,984 490,799 3,174 Commercial construction — — — — 213,447 213,447 519 Residential mortgages 648 — 99 747 179,813 180,560 289 Home equity loans and lines 270 — 269 539 90,526 91,065 616 Consumer 94 13 11 118 10,727 10,845 11 Total gross loans $ 7,272 $ 940 $ 3,322 $ 11,534 $ 2,013,264 $ 2,024,798 $ 9,485 At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , all loans past due 90 days or more were carried as non-accrual, in addition to those loans where reasonable doubt exists as to the full and timely collection of interest or principal that have also been designated as non-accrual, despite their payment due status shown in the tables above. Non-accrual loans that were not adversely classified amounted to $94 thousand at March 31, 2017 and $220 thousand at December 31, 2016 . These balances primarily represented the guaranteed portions of non-performing SBA loans. The majority of the non-accrual loan balances were also carried as impaired loans during the periods noted, and are discussed further below. The ratio of non-accrual loans to total loans amounted to 0.45% at March 31, 2017 , and 0.47% at December 31, 2016 . At March 31, 2017 , additional funding commitments for non-accrual loans was not material. Impaired loans Impaired loans are individually significant loans for which management considers it probable that not all amounts due (principal and interest) in accordance with the original contractual terms will be collected. Impaired loans are individually evaluated for credit loss and a specific allowance reserve is assigned for the amount of the estimated probable credit loss. The majority of impaired loans are included within the non-accrual balances; however, not every loan on non-accrual status has been designated as impaired. Impaired loans include loans that have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR,") see below. The carrying value of impaired loans amounted to $27.8 million and $31.8 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. Total accruing impaired loans amounted to $18.6 million and $22.4 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively, while non-accrual impaired loans amounted to $9.3 million and $9.4 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. The following tables set forth the recorded investment in impaired loans and the related specific allowance allocated as of the dates indicated Balance at March 31, 2017 (Dollars in thousands) Unpaid contractual principal balance Total recorded investment in impaired loans Recorded investment with no allowance Recorded investment with allowance Related specific allowance Commercial real estate $ 13,769 $ 12,229 $ 10,294 $ 1,935 $ 409 Commercial and industrial 13,504 12,738 8,854 3,884 1,928 Commercial construction 1,984 1,935 1,625 310 23 Residential mortgages 385 282 282 — — Home equity loans and lines 762 602 602 — — Consumer 16 14 — 14 14 Total $ 30,420 $ 27,800 $ 21,657 $ 6,143 $ 2,374 Balance at December 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands) Unpaid contractual principal balance Total recorded investment in impaired loans Recorded investment with no allowance Recorded investment with allowance Related specific allowance Commercial real estate $ 16,010 $ 14,261 $ 12,444 $ 1,817 $ 370 Commercial and industrial 14,291 13,372 9,366 4,006 2,222 Commercial construction 3,408 3,364 3,051 313 28 Residential mortgages 388 289 289 — — Home equity loans and lines 665 509 509 — — Consumer 2 1 — 1 1 Total $ 34,764 $ 31,796 $ 25,659 $ 6,137 $ 2,621 The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans and the related interest recognized during the periods indicated: Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands) Average recorded investment Interest income recognized Average recorded investment Interest income recognized Commercial real estate $ 13,378 $ 101 $ 9,668 $ 43 Commercial and industrial 12,878 105 8,424 26 Commercial construction 2,412 27 2,975 37 Residential mortgages 287 — 308 — Home equity loans and lines 539 (2 ) 246 (2 ) Consumer 13 — 22 — Total $ 29,507 $ 231 $ 21,643 $ 104 At March 31, 2017 , additional funding commitments for impaired loans totaled $487 thousand . The Company's obligation to fulfill the additional funding commitments on impaired loans is generally contingent on the borrower's compliance with the terms of the credit agreement. If the borrower is not in compliance, additional funding commitments may or may not be made at the Company's discretion. Troubled debt restructurings Loans are designated as a TDR when, as part of an agreement to modify the original contractual terms of the loan as a result of financial difficulties of the borrower, the Bank grants the borrower a concession on the terms, that would not otherwise be considered. Typically, such concessions may consist of a reduction in interest rate to a below market rate, taking into account the credit quality of the note, extension of additional credit based on receipt of adequate collateral, or a deferment or reduction of payments (principal or interest) which materially alters the Bank's position or significantly extends the note's maturity date, such that the present value of cash flows to be received is materially less than those contractually established at the loan's origination. Total TDR loans, included in the impaired loan balances above, as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , were $23.2 million and $27.0 million , respectively. TDR loans on accrual status amounted to $18.6 million and $22.4 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. TDR loans included in non-performing loans amounted to $4.7 million and $4.6 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. The Company continues to work with commercial relationships and enters into loan modifications to the extent deemed to be necessary or appropriate while attempting to achieve the best mutual outcome given the individual financial circumstances and future prospects of the borrower. At March 31, 2017 , additional funding commitments for TDR loans totaled $387 thousand . The Company's obligation to fulfill the additional funding commitments on TDR loans is generally contingent on the borrower's compliance with the terms of the credit agreement. If the borrower is not in compliance, additional funding commitments may or may not be made at the Company's discretion. The following table sets forth the post modification balances of TDRs listed by type of modification for TDRs that occurred during the periods indicated. Three months ended (Dollars in thousands) March 31, 2017 March 31, 2016 Extended maturity date $ 3,063 $ — Temporary payment reduction and payment re-amortization of remaining principal over extended term 374 — Temporary interest only payment plan 94 264 Total $ 3,531 $ 264 Loans modified as TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2017 are detailed below. Three months ended March 31, 2017 (Dollars in thousands) Number of restructurings Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment Post-modification outstanding recorded investment Commercial real estate 1 $ 375 $ 374 Commercial and industrial 2 2,952 2,952 Commercial construction 1 206 205 Residential mortgages — — — Home equity loans and lines — — — Consumer — — — Total 4 $ 3,533 $ 3,531 There were no subsequent charge-offs associated with new the TDRs noted in the table above during the three months ended March 31, 2017 . At March 31, 2017 , there were no specific reserves allocated to the TDRs entered into during the 2017 period as management considered it likely that the principal will ultimately be collected. Payment defaults, during the three months ended March 31, 2017 , on loans modified as TDRs within the preceding twelve months are detailed below. Three months ended March 31, 2017 (Dollars in thousands) Number of TDRs that defaulted Post- modification outstanding recorded investment Commercial real estate 3 $ 956 Commercial and industrial 1 231 Commercial construction — — Residential mortgages — — Home equity loans and lines — — Consumer — — Total 4 $ 1,187 Loans modified as TDRs during the three month period ended March 31, 2016 are detailed below. Three months ended March 31, 2016 (Dollars in thousands) Number of restructurings Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment Post-modification outstanding recorded investment Commercial real estate — $ — $ — Commercial and industrial 1 264 264 Commercial construction — — — Residential mortgages — — — Home equity loans and lines — — — Consumer — — — Total 1 $ 264 $ 264 There were no subsequent charge-offs associated, and there were no specific reserves allocated to the TDRs entered into during the 2016 period, as management considered it likely that the principal will ultimately be collected. There were no payment defaults during the three month period ended March 31, 2016 , on loans modified as TDRs within the preceding twelve months. Other real estate owned ( " OREO " ) The Company carried no OREO at either March 31, 2017 , December 31, 2016 or March 31, 2016 . There were no additions, sales or write downs on OREO during the three months ended March 31, 2017 or 2016 . At March 31, 2017 , the Company had consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdictions with carrying amounts totaling $307 thousand compared with $200 thousand at December 31, 2016 . Allowance for loan loss activity The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses, a direct charge to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes that the collectability of the loan principal is unlikely. Recoveries on loans previously charged-off are credited to the allowance. The allowance for loan losses amounted to $31.7 million at March 31, 2017 , compared to $31.3 million at December 31, 2016 , and $29.9 million at March 31, 2016 . For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 , the provision for loan losses amounted to $125 thousand and $850 thousand , respectively. The decrease in the provision for 2017 was due primarily to net recoveries in the current year, and generally improving credit quality metrics, partially offset by the higher level of loan growth during the 2017 period, as compared to the 2016 period. The allowance for loan losses to total loans ratio was 1.53% at March 31, 2017 , 1.55% at December 31, 2016 and 1.60% at March 31, 2016 . Based on management's judgment as to the existing credit risks inherent in the loan portfolio, as discussed above under the heading "Credit Quality Indicators," management believes that the Company's allowance for loan losses is adequate to absorb probable losses from specifically known and other probable credit risks associated with the portfolio as of March 31, 2017 . Changes in the allowance for loan losses by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2017 are presented below: (Dollars in thousands) Cmml Real Estate Cmml and Industrial Cmml Constr Resid. Mortgage Home Equity Consumer Total Beginning Balance at December 31, 2016 $ 14,902 $ 11,204 $ 3,406 $ 960 $ 634 $ 236 $ 31,342 Provision 316 (195 ) (42 ) 18 — 28 125 Recoveries 76 272 — — 1 3 352 Less: Charge offs — 103 — — — 33 136 Ending Balance at March 31, 2017 $ 15,294 $ 11,178 $ 3,364 $ 978 $ 635 $ 234 $ 31,683 Ending allowance balance: Allocated to loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 409 $ 1,928 $ 23 $ — $ — $ 14 $ 2,374 Allocated to loans collectively evaluated for impairment $ 14,885 $ 9,250 $ 3,341 $ 978 $ 635 $ 220 $ 29,309 Changes in the allowance for loan losses by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2016 are presented below: (Dollars in thousands) Cmml Real Estate Cmml and Industrial Cmml Constr Resid. Mortgage Home Equity Consumer Total Beginning Balance at December 31, 2015 $ 13,514 $ 9,758 $ 3,905 $ 1,061 $ 540 $ 230 $ 29,008 Provision 294 463 64 16 6 7 850 Recoveries 19 129 — — — 2 150 Less: Charge offs — 72 5 — 5 16 98 Ending Balance at March 31, 2016 $ 13,827 $ 10,278 $ 3,964 $ 1,077 $ 541 $ 223 $ 29,910 Ending allowance balance: Allocated to loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 179 $ 1,420 $ 488 $ — $ — $ 21 $ 2,108 Allocated to loans collectively evaluated for impairment $ 13,648 $ 8,858 $ 3,476 $ 1,077 $ 541 $ 202 $ 27,802 |