| NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION | 1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION We are a biopharmaceutical company engaged in the research and development of innovative therapeutics to treat cancers and rare diseases. Our mission is to discover, develop and commercialize novel small molecule drugs in areas of high unmet need that will dramatically extend and improve the lives of our patients. These product candidates target biological pathways implicated in a wide range of cancers and certain non-oncology indications. Our discovery and development efforts are guided, when possible, by an understanding of the role of biomarkers, which are indicators of a particular biological condition or process and may predict the clinical benefit of our compounds in defined patient populations. Our clinical-stage pipeline consists of five product candidates, all of which are in targeted patient populations, making ArQule a leader among companies our size in precision medicine. ArQule has a long history of kinase drug discovery and development, having discovered and introduced ten kinase inhibitors into clinical trials. Our drug discovery efforts have been informed by our historical expertise in chemistry, our work in rational drug design and by our insight into kinase binding and regulation. We have applied this knowledge to produce significant chemical matter for a number of kinase targets and to build an extensive library of proprietary compounds with the potential to target multiple kinases in oncology and other therapeutic areas, such as rare diseases. We may bring further preclinical programs forward and interrogate our library against new targets beyond kinases either directly or with collaborators. Our pipeline of product candidates is directed toward molecular targets and biological processes with demonstrated roles in the development of both human cancers and rare, non-oncology diseases. All of these programs are being developed in targeted, biomarker-defined patient populations. By seeking out subgroups of patients that are most likely to respond to our drugs, we intend to identify small, often orphan, indications that allow for focused and efficient development. At the same time, in addition to pursuing these potentially fast-to-market strategies, we also pursue development in other indications that could allow us to expand the utility of the drugs if approved. The pipeline includes the following compounds all of which are wholly-owned, except derazantinib, which is partnered with Basilea Pharmaceutic Ltd. in all parts of the world except the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan (“Greater China”), where it is partnered with Sinovant Sciences Ltd., a subsidiary of Roivant Sciences Ltd.:
• ARQ 531, a potent and reversible inhibitor of both wild type and C481S-mutant BTK, in Phase 1 for B-cell malignancies refractory to other therapeutic options;
• Miransertib (ARQ 092), a selective inhibitor of AKT, a serine/threonine kinase, in Phase 1/2 in rare Overgrowth Diseases and in Phase 1 for the rare disease, Proteus syndrome, in partnership with the National Institutes of Health (NIH); also in Phase 1b in oncology in combination with the hormonal therapy, anastrozole, in endometrial cancer;
• ARQ 751, a next-generation inhibitor of AKT, in Phase 1 for solid tumors harboring the AKT1 or PI3K mutation;
• Derazantinib (ARQ 087), a multi-kinase inhibitor designed to preferentially inhibit the FGFR family of kinases, in a registrational trial in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) in patients with FGFR 2 fusions; and
• ARQ 761, a ß-lapachone analog being evaluated as a promoter of NQO1-mediated programmed cancer cell death, in Phase 1/2 in multiple oncology indications in partnership with The University of Texas Southwest Medical Center. In February 2018, we entered into a License Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Sinovant Sciences Ltd. (“Sinovant”) and Roivant Sciences Ltd. (Roivant), the parent of Sinovant, pursuant to which ArQule granted Sinovant a license to develop, manufacture and exclusively commercialize its FGFR inhibitor, derazantinib (ARQ 087), in Greater China. The Agreement provides for an upfront payment to ArQule of $3 million and a guaranteed $2.5 million development milestone within the first year. ArQule is also eligible for an additional $82 million in regulatory and sales milestones. Upon commercialization, ArQule is entitled to receive double digit royalties in the low teens from Sinovant on net sales of derazantinib in the Greater China territory. Sinovant will be responsible for all costs and expenses of development, manufacture and commercialization in its territory. For the three months ended June 30, 2018 no revenue was recognized under this license agreement. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized revenue of $3.0 million for completing our performance obligation under this licensing agreement. In April 2018, we entered into a License Agreement (the “Basilea Agreement”) with Basilea Pharmaceutica Ltd. (“Basilea”) pursuant to which ArQule granted Basilea an exclusive license to develop, manufacture and commercialize its FGFR inhibitor, derazantinib (ARQ 087), in the United States, EU, Japan and the rest of the world, excluding Greater China. Under the terms of the Basilea Agreement, ArQule will receive an upfront payment of $10 million and is eligible for up to $326 million in regulatory and commercial milestones. Upon commercialization, ArQule is entitled to receive staggered royalties on future net sales of derazantinib ranging from the high-single digits to the mid-teens on direct sales and mid-single digits to low-double digits on indirect sales. Basilea will be responsible for all costs and expenses of development, manufacture and commercialization in its territory. Under certain circumstances, ArQule may have the opportunity to promote derazantinib in the US directly. Revenue in the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 totaled $13.7 million for providing the technology license as well as certain research and development services to Basilea, recognized as revenue on a percentage of completion basis. The adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers on January 1, 2018 did not have a material effect on the amount of revenue recognized under this agreement. Tivantinib (ARQ 197), an orally administered, small molecule inhibitor of the c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase and its biological pathway is no longer being developed. We licensed commercial rights to tivantinib for human cancer indications to Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. (“Daiichi Sankyo”) in the U.S., Europe, South America and the rest of the world, excluding Japan and certain other Asian countries, where we had licensed commercial rights to Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd. (“Kyowa Hakko Kirin”). Our uses of cash for operating activities have primarily consisted of salaries and wages for our employees, facility and facility-related costs for our offices and laboratories, fees paid in connection with preclinical and clinical studies, laboratory supplies and materials, and professional fees. The sources of our cash flow from operating activities have consisted primarily of payments received from our collaborators for services performed or upfront payments for license agreements or future services. In the six months ended June 30, 2018, our net use of cash was primarily driven by the difference between cash received from our collaborations and payments for operating expenses which resulted in net cash outflows of $2.0 million. In the six months ended 2017, our net use of cash was primarily driven by payments for operating expenses which resulted in net cash outflows of $14.8 million. Our cash requirements may vary materially from those now planned depending upon the results of our drug discovery and development strategies, our ability to enter into additional corporate collaborations and the terms of such collaborations, results of research and development, unanticipated required capital expenditures, competitive and technological advances, acquisitions and other factors. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to develop any of our drug candidates into a commercial product. In January 2017, we entered into a loan and security agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with a principal balance of $15 million and amended the Loan Agreement in February 2018 (see Note 8). The terms of the Loan Agreement require payments of interest on a monthly basis through September 2018 and payments of interest from October 2018 to August 2021 and with principal payments commencing on September 1, 2019. The current maturity date of the loan is August 1, 2022. In September 2017, we sold 2.0 million shares of common stock through an at-the-market (ATM) offering and raised net proceeds of $2.3 million. In October 2017, we entered into definitive stock purchase agreements with certain institutional investors. In conjunction with this stock offering we issued 13,938,651 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase 3,123,674 shares of our common stock for aggregate net proceeds of $15.6 million. Each warrant is exercisable for $1.75 per share and expires in four years from the date of issuance. In November 2017, we entered into definitive securities purchase agreements with certain institutional investors. In conjunction with this stock offering the Company raised net proceeds of $9.5 million through the sale of 8,370 shares of series A convertible preferred stock (Series A Preferred) and warrants to purchase 2,259 shares of Series A Preferred (Warrants). Each share of Series A Preferred together with the associated Warrant is priced at $1,135 and automatically converted into 1,000 shares of common stock upon the effectiveness on May 8, 2018 of an amendment to the Company’s restated certificate of incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock thereunder. The Warrants had a pre-conversion exercise price of $1,750 per share of Series A Preferred (post-conversion price of $1.75 per share of common stock), are exercisable immediately and expire approximately four years from the date of the adoption of the amendment to the Company’s restated certificate of incorporation. We anticipate that our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities on hand at June 30, 2018, and financial support from our licensing agreements will be sufficient to finance our operations for at least 12 months from the issuance date of these financial statements. We expect that we will need to raise additional capital or incur indebtedness to continue to fund our operations in the future. Our ability to raise additional funds will depend on financial, economic and market conditions, and due to global capital and credit market conditions or for other reasons, we may be unable to raise capital when needed, or on terms favorable to us. If necessary funds are not available, we may have to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate some of our development programs, potentially delaying the time to market for any of our product candidates. Adoption and Impact of the New Revenue Standard The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606—Revenue from Contracts with Customers, or Topic 606, on January 1, 2018, resulting in a change to its accounting policy for revenue recognition. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under the new standard, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for the prior period. We recorded a net increase to opening equity of $1.5 million as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting this new standard. Without applying the new revenue standard, the disclosed research and development revenue would have been $1.4 million higher than currently disclosed for the first six months of 2018. Contract receivables were $3.2 million at June 30, 2018. The adoption of the new revenue standard did not have a material impact on any other balances within the condensed financial statements as of and for the six-months ended June 30, 2018. Under the new revenue standards, we recognize revenues when our customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services. We recognize revenues following the five step model prescribed under Topic 606: (i) identify contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenues when (or as) we satisfy the performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the entity will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract, and determines those that are performance obligations. Revenue is recognized when each distinct performance obligation is satisfied. The Company has collaboration and license agreements with drug development and pharmaceutical companies. The Company’s proprietary technology and intellectual property is the basis for many of these collaboration and license agreements and generally include contractual milestone events that coincide with the progression of development, regulatory and commercialization milestones. At the inception of each collaboration that includes developmental, regulatory or commercial milestone payments, the Company evaluates whether achieving the milestones is considered probable and estimates the amount to be included in the transaction price using the most likely amount method. If it is probable that a significant revenue reversal would not occur, the value of the associated milestone is included in the transaction price. Milestone payments that are not within the control of the Company, such as approvals from regulators or where attainment of the specified event is dependent on the development activities of a third-party, are not considered probable of being achieved until those approvals are received or the specified event occurs. Revenue is recognized from the satisfaction of performance obligations in the amount billable to the customer. |
