On January 1, 2006, we adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123(R)”) which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense based on estimated fair values for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors. SFAS 123(R) supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”), for periods beginning in fiscal 2006. In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”) relating to SFAS 123(R). We have applied the provisions of SAB 107 in its adoption of SFAS 123(R).
SFAS 123(R) requires companies to estimate the fair value of equity-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense over the requisite service periods in our consolidated income statement. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), the our accounted for equity-based awards to employees and directors using the intrinsic value method in accordance with APB 25 as allowed under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”).
We adopted SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method, which requires the application of the accounting standard starting from January 1, 2006, the first day of our fiscal year 2006. Under that transition method, compensation cost recognized in the year ended December 31, 2006, includes compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of Statement 123(R). Results for prior periods have not been restated.
We recognize compensation expenses for the value of its awards, which have graded vesting based on the straight line method over the requisite service period of each of the awards, net of estimated forfeitures. Estimated forfeitures are based on actual historical pre-vesting forfeitures.
As a result of adopting SFAS 123(R) on January 1, 2006, our income before income taxes and net income for the year ended December 31, 2006, is $ 145 lower than if it had continued to account for stock-based compensation under APB 25. Basic and diluted net loss per share for the year ended December 31, 2006, are $ 0.03 lower, than if we had continued to account for share-based compensation under APB 25.
Prior to January 1, 2006, we applied the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock options as prescribed by APB 25, whereby compensation expense is equal to the excess, if any, of the quoted market price of the stock over the exercise price at the grant date of the award.
We estimate the fair value of stock options granted using the Monte-Carlo option-pricing model. The option-pricing model requires a number of assumptions, of which the most significant are, expected stock price volatility, and the expected option term. Expected volatility was calculated based upon actual historical stock price movements over the most recent periods ending on the grant date, equal to the contractual term of the option. We have historically not paid dividends and has no foreseeable plans to issue dividends. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield from U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with an equivalent term.
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation 48, “Accounting for Income Tax Uncertainties” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 defines the threshold for recognizing the benefits of tax return positions in the financial statements as “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the taxing authority. The recently issued literature also provides guidance on derecognition, measurement and classification of income tax uncertainties, along with any related interest and penalties. FIN 48 also includes guidance concerning accounting for income tax uncertainties in interim periods and increases the level of disclosures associated with any recorded income tax uncertainties. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The differences between the amounts recognized in the statements of financial position prior to the adoption of FIN 48 and the amounts reported after adoption will be accounted for as a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to the beginning balance of retained earnings. Because the guidance was recently issued, we have not yet determined the impact, if any, of adoption of the provisions of FIN 48 on its financial position, results of operations and cash flows. We are currently evaluating the impact of FIN 48 on our consolidated financial statements.
In September 2006, FASB issued SFAS no. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”). SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. We believe SFAS No. 157 will not have a material effect on our financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS No. 159”). SFAS No. 159 permits companies to choose to measure certain financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. SFAS No. 159 requires that unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected be reported in earnings. SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years, although earlier adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 159 will have on its consolidated financial statements.
Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the section herein entitled “Selected Financial Data” and the consolidated financial statements, related notes and other financial information included herein.
Year Ended December 31, 2006 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2005
Revenues. Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2006 amounted to $20,224,000 compared to $ 16,820,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005, an increase of 20%. Product sales increased by $2,256,000 or 23%, from $9,888,000 in 2005 to $12,144,000 in 2006, mainly because of an increase in our sales in Japan and success in our AP workflow projects, mainly in Europe. Service revenues increased by $1,148,000, or approximately 17%, from $6,932,000 in the year ended December 31, 2005 to $8,080,000 in the year ended December 31, 2006. The increase is mostly attributable to our increase in AP workflow services in Europe, mainly in the SAP environment.
Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues increased by $885,000, or 13%, from $6,763,000 in the year ended December 31, 2005 to $7,648,000 in the year ended December 31, 2006. The increase is a result of growth in expenses to third party service providers.
Research and Development. During 2006, we continued to focus efforts in enhancing our software recognition and core capabilities. Research and development expenses in the year ended December 31, 2006 amounted to $1,792,000 compared to $1,312,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses in the year ended December 31, 2006 amounted to $10,263,000 compared to $8,866,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005. This increase of $1,397,000, or 16%, is mainly attributable to the expansion our sales force and establishing roots for major sales centers in several locations worldwide.
Financing Income, net. Financing income for the year ended December 31, 2006 amounted to $325,000 , compared to financing expense of $146,000 for the year ended December 31, 2005. The move from financing expense was primarily due to an increase of exchange currencies gain in 2006, which is a product of the strengthening of the Euro and British Pound against the U.S. Dollar. Net expenses from forward facilities transactions in 2006 was $61,000.
Net income (loss). As a result of the foregoing, our net income for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $801,000, compared to a net loss of $461,000 in year ended December 31, 2005.
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Year Ended December 31, 2005 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2004
Revenues. Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2005 amounted to $16,820,000 compared to $11,178,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004, an increase of 50%. Product sales increased by $2,924,000 or 42%, from $6,964,000 in 2004 to $9,888,000 in 2005, mainly because of a large sale to a customer in Australia. Service revenues increased by $2,718,000, or approximately 64%, from $4,214,000 in the year ended December 31, 2004 to $6,932,000 in the year ended December 31, 2005. This significant increase is attributable mainly to services performed by TISJ, our subsidiary in Japan, which was established in 2004.
Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues increased by $3,291,000, or 95%, from $3,472,000 in the year ended December 31, 2004 to $6,763,000 in the year ended December 31, 2005. The increase is a result of growth in demand for our products and services and for more comprehensive solutions, which required us to allocate and invest more resources to meet such demand and meet the software and other requirements of the more comprehensive solutions.
Research and Development. During 2005, we continued to focus efforts in enhancing our software recognition and core capabilities. Research and development expenses in the year ended December 31, 2005 amounted to $1,312,000 compared to $929,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses in the year ended December 31, 2005 amounted to $8,866,000 compared to $7,123,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004. This increase of $1,743,000 or 24%, is mainly attributable to the expansion our sales force and establishing roots for major sales centers in several locations worldwide and our annual customers conference in the amount of $211,000 which took place in February 2005, and had not been held in 2004.
Liquidated Damages Related to September 2004 Private Placement. In 2005, we paid liquidated damages in the amount of $164,000 as part of our registration commitment to investors in the September 2004 private placement. No such amounts were paid in 2004.
Financing Income, net. Financing expense for the year ended December 31, 2005 amounted to $146,000, compared to financing income of $178,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004. The move to financing expense was primarily due to a decrease of exchange gain in 2005, which is a product of the weakening of the Euro and British Pound against the U.S. Dollar. During the second quarter of 2005, we initiated some investments in forward investments facilities (forwards) in order to reduce our balance and transactions exposure against the Euro, GBP and JPY. The net savings from these transactions in 2005 was $109,000.
Net Loss. As a result of the foregoing, our net loss for the year ended December 31, 2005 was $461,000, compared to a net loss of $168,000 in year ended December 31, 2004.
Impact of Currency Fluctuation and Inflation
We maintain operations and generate revenues in a number of countries. The results of operations and the financial position of our local operations are generally reported in the relevant local currencies and then translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable exchange rates for inclusion in our consolidated financial statements, exposing us to currency translation risk. In addition, we are exposed to currency transaction risk because some of our expenses are incurred in a different currency from the currency in which our revenues are received. Our most significant currency exposures are to the Euro, New Israeli Shekel, UK Pound and Japanese yen. In periods when the U.S. dollar strengthens against these other currencies, our reported results of operations may be adversely affected.
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In the early to mid 1980s, Israel’s economy was subject to a period of very high inflation. However, inflation was significantly reduced by the late 1980s due primarily to government intervention. The annual rate of inflation in Israel was 1.21% and 2.4% in 2004 and 2005, respectively. The dollar cost of our operations in Israel is influenced by the extent to which any increase in the rate of inflation in Israel is not offset (or is offset on a lagging basis) by devaluation of the NIS in relation to the U.S. dollar. For example, during the years 2004 and 2005, the devaluation of the NIS against the dollar, which amounted to 1.62% and 6.8% accordingly, exceeded the inflation rate for the same periods. On the other hand, the negative inflation rate in 2003 of 1.9% and 2006 of 0.1% exceeded the devaluation of the dollar against the NIS, which amounted to 7.56% and 8.2% respectively. The increase in the dollar cost of our operations in Israel relates primarily to the costs of salaries in Israel, which constitute a significant portion of our expenses and are paid in NIS. In addition, inflation in Israel will have a negative effect on the profitability of our contracts under which we are to receive payment in dollars or other non-Israeli currencies while incurring expenses in NIS (some of which are linked to the Israeli consumer price index), unless such inflation is offset by a devaluation of the NIS. Inflation in Israel and currency fluctuations will also have a negative effect on the profitability resulting from our fixed price contracts under which we are to receive payment in NIS. A devaluation of the NIS in relation to the dollar will have the effect of decreasing the dollar value of any of our assets, which consist of receivables payable in NIS (unless such receivables are linked to the dollar). Such a devaluation would also have the effect of reducing the dollar amount of our liabilities which are payable in NIS (unless such payables are linked to the dollar). Conversely, any increase in the value of the NIS in relation to the dollar will have the effect of increasing the dollar value of any of our unlinked NIS assets and the dollar amounts of any unlinked NIS liabilities.
From time to time we purchase forward exchange contracts to reduce currency transaction risk. However, these purchases will not eliminate translation risk or all currency risk.
Political and Economic Conditions in Israel Affecting our Business
Because our principal offices and manufacturing facilities and many of our suppliers are located in Israel, political, economic and military conditions in Israel directly affect our operations. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its Arab neighbors, the most recent confrontation taking place in July-August 2006. A state of hostility, varying in degree and intensity, has led to security and economic problems for Israel. There has been a marked increase in such hostility and a significant deterioration of Israel’s relationship with the Palestinian community since October 2000. In addition, we cannot predict the effect on Israel or the Middle East generally of the recent elections in the Palestinian Authority in which Hamas, an Islamic movement responsible for many attacks against Israelis, has formed the new government. Continuing or escalating hostilities in the region may have an adverse affect on our business, including our ability to develop, manufacture and market our products.
Some of our executive officers and employees in Israel are obligated to perform up to 36 days of military reserve duty annually. Moreover, in light of escalating hostilities and threats of armed conflict in the Middle East since October 2000, our executive officers and employees may be called for active military duty for an unlimited period of time. Our operations could be disrupted by the absence for a significant period of our executive officers or key employees as a result of military service. Any disruption in our operations could adversely affect our ability to develop and market products.
Economic Conditions
Israel’s economy has experienced numerous destabilizing factors, including a period of rampant inflation in the early to mid 1980s, low foreign exchange reserves, fluctuations in world commodity prices, military conflicts and civil unrest. The Israeli government has, for these and other reasons, intervened in the economy by utilizing fiscal and monetary policies, import duties, foreign currency restrictions and control of wages, prices and exchange rates. The Israeli government has periodically changed its policies in all these areas.
The Israeli government’s monetary policy contributed to relative price and exchange rate stability in recent years, despite fluctuating rates of economic growth and a high rate of unemployment. We cannot assure you that the Israeli government will be successful in its attempts to keep prices and exchange rates stable. Price and exchange rate instability may have a material adverse effect on our business.
Trade Relations
Israel is a member of the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Finance Corporation. Israel is also a member of the World Trade Organization and is a signatory of the Global Agreement on Trade in Services and the Agreement on Basic Telecommunications Services. In addition, Israel has been granted preferences under the Generalized System of Preferences from the United States, Australia, Canada and Japan. These preferences allow Israel to export the products covered by such programs either duty-free or at reduced tariffs.
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Israel and the European Economic Community, now known as the European Union, concluded a Free Trade Agreement in 1975. This agreement confers advantages on Israeli exports to most European countries and obligates Israel to lower its tariffs on imports from these countries over a number of years. In 1985, Israel and the United States entered into an agreement to establish a free trade area. The free trade area has eliminated all tariff and some non-tariff barriers on most trade between the two countries. On January 1, 1993, an agreement between Israel and the EFTA, which includes Austria, Norway, Finland, Sweden, Switzerland, Iceland and Liechtenstein, established a free trade zone between Israel and the EFTA nations. In recent years, Israel has established commercial and trade relations with a number of other nations, including Russia, China, Turkey and other nations in Eastern Europe and Asia. We cannot assure you that the recent increase of armed conflict and hostility and the significant deterioration of Israel’s relationship with the Palestinian community will not have an adverse affect on our ability to conduct trade in the international market.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of December 31, 2006, our cash, cash equivalents, bank deposits and marketable securities were $21,792,000, compared to $10,005,000 as of December 31, 2005.
Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $439,000 as compared to $421,000 used in operating activities in the corresponding period in 2005. This increase was attributable primarily to the increase in our sales and the results of improvement in our collection efforts. Our trade receivables increased to $7,642,000 at December 31, 2006 from $6,802,000 at December 31, 2005. This increase reflects our increased sales in 2006. In addition, stronger collections in 2006 than in previous years reduced our days of sales outstanding. While the effect of increasing sales on our cash flows will continue if we succeed in further sales growth, we believe that the cash flows from operations and other resources will be sufficient to support such growth. We expect trade receivables to continue to increase as our sales grow and to represent a significant portion of our working capital for the foreseeable future. For the year ended December 31, 2006, the aggregate amount of our capital expenditures was $252,000. These expenditures were principally for the purchases of computer hardware and software and facilities improvements. In December 2006 through the issuance of convertible debentures, we raised net proceeds of $13,510,000. Subsequently on December 31, 2006, we reduced our short term bank loan to $339,000.
As of December 31, 2005, our cash, cash equivalents, bank deposits and marketable securities were $10,005,000, compared to $10,415,000 as of December 31, 2004.
Net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2005 was $421,000 as compared to $1,074,000 for the corresponding period in 2004. This decrease was attributable primarily to the increase in our sales and the results of improvement in our collection efforts. Our trade receivables increased to $6,802,000 at December 31, 2005 from $5,541,000 at December 31, 2004. This increase reflected our increased sales in 2005.
For the year ended December 31, 2006, the aggregate amount of our capital expenditures was $252,000. These expenditures were principally for the purchases of computer hardware and software and facilities improvements.
Convertible debentures
On December 27, 2006, we completed a public offering of approximately NIS 61.9 million (approximately $14.8 million) aggregate principal amount of convertible debentures on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. The public offering was comprised of 112,500 convertible debentures of NIS 528 (approximately $124) par value each. The convertible debentures are linked to the US Dollar and will bear interest at the annual rate of six-month LIBOR minus 0.3%. The interest is payable semi-annually commencing on June 30, 2007, and the principal is repayable in four annual installments commencing on December 31, 2009. After taking into account a concurrent private placement to the underwriter of NIS 500,000 aggregate principal amount of convertible debentures and an original issue discount of 4% on all the convertible debentures, the gross proceeds to TIS were NIS 59.87 million (approximately $14.8 million).
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The debentures may be converted at the election of the holder into our ordinary shares at the conversion price of NIS 20.30 (approximately $4.81) per share. We also have the right to force conversion on or after October 1, 2009 if our share fair market value (as defined in the debenture documents) reaches NIS 25.50 (approximately $6.04) in the last 30 trading days in TASE on or after October 1, 2009. This offering was made in Israel to residents of Israel only. The convertible debentures offered were not and will not be registered under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Private Placement
On September 24, 2004, we sold 2,524,351 of our ordinary shares at a purchase price of $3.16 per share to institutional investors for gross proceeds to us of approximately $8 million.
Pursuant to our agreements with the investors, we were obligated to use the net proceeds from the sale of our ordinary shares for working capital purposes and not (i) for the satisfaction of any portion of our debt (other than payment of trade payables and accrued expenses in the ordinary course of our business and consistent with prior practices), (ii) to redeem any equity or equity-equivalent securities in TIS, or (iii) to settle any outstanding litigation.
The investors also received warrants to purchase up to an additional 1,262,188 ordinary shares, with an exercise price of $4.26 per share. The warrants expire on September 23, 2007. The investors may only transfer the warrants to the investor’s affiliates, qualified institutional buyers, or in the event of our dissolution or winding down. The warrants contain a provision preventing a holder from exercising a warrant where the exercise would result in such holder beneficially owning more than 4.999% of our outstanding ordinary shares. Accordingly, no selling shareholder could be rendered a beneficial holder of more than 4.999% of our ordinary shares solely because of shares issuable to such shareholder upon exercise of such warrants held by the holder.
We have the right, but not the obligation, to call upon prior notice all or part of the warrants if the market price for our ordinary shares is equal to $8.52 for 20 consecutive days. Our calling the warrants would require the holders of the warrants to timely exercise the warrants. Failure to so exercise would result in our cancellation of the warrants. If we call any warrants, we must issue to each holder exercising in response to our call notice replacement warrants to purchase a number of shares equal to the number of shares acquired upon such exercise, with an exercise price equal to 120% of the closing price on the day prior to the call notice we provide to the holders.
Our shareholders approved the transaction at a special shareholders meeting held on August 24, 2004.
In connection with the private placement, we filed a resale registration statement covering the shares purchased in the private placement (including the shares underlying the warrants). The registration statement became effective on March 1, 2005. However, we did not obtain effectiveness of the registration statement within the timeframe set forth in our agreements with the investors. Because of this failure, the agreements with the investors required us to pay liquidated damages in the amount of 1% of the amount invested and an additional 1% for every month in which the failure was not cured, which obligation amounted to $164,000. In addition, any future failure to maintain effectiveness of the registration statement could subject us to additional liquidated damages under the same formula, including if we fail to file an amendment to the registration statement within ten days of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s having notified us that an amendment is necessary for the registration statement to continue to be effective, or if we fail to maintain the listing of our ordinary shares on the NASDAQ Capital Market.
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Line of Credit
We currently have a short-term line of credit with First International Bank of Israel. The total amount available under this line of credit is the lesser of $2,300,000 and 75% of certain eligible trade receivables. As of December 31, 2006, we had approximately $339,000 outstanding credit in US dollars. The revolving line of credit in NIS bears interest at a rate of Prime + 1% (as of December 31, 2006, the prime rate was 6.5%) however no amount was outstanding as of December 31, 2006. The line of credit in US dollars bears interest at a rate of Libor + 2% (as of December 31, 2006, the Libor rate was 5.36%). Any indebtedness under this credit line is payable on demand and secured by a floating charge on our assets. Our ability to issue securities is restricted. In the event that we default under the line of credit, the bank could declare our indebtedness immediately due and payable and, if we are unable to make the required payments, foreclose on our assets. Moreover, to the extent that our assets continue to secure such indebtedness, such assets will not be available to secure additional indebtedness unless approved by the Bank.
Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.
The main focus of our research and development in 2006 was the design and development of the neweFLOW version,eFLOW4, which will be released during the first quarter of 2007. The new abilities introduced to eFLOW 4 were presented at our international conference in Berlin and we were encouraged by the positive feedback we got from our customers and partners. The main features we developed in 2006 are:
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1. | Supporting Mailroom projects: eFLOW4 provides a better classifier with enhanced analysis tools which will result in better results with less implementation efforts. We have seen much interest from our customers, including at the conference we held in Berlin, for such solutions and we are intending to invest more in this direction. |
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-F/0001178913-07-000683/zk001.jpg)
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2. | Completion4: This new Data Entry module is now in the final stages of development and testing. Completion4 offers greater efficiency and productivity, new usability concepts, better performance and the new look of modern OS systems. In this screen shot you can see an example of Completion4: |
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![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-F/0001178913-07-000683/zk002.jpg)
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3. | Supporting the latest development technology from Microsoft,Microsoft .Net 2.0. |
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| a. | Faster Code execute |
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| b. | Group templates: a user can use a bank of templates (for example, German address), export it and use it later with other applications, as shown here: |
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4. | Two new additional recognition algorithms were added to be part of Freedom, Graphical Table Recognition and Automatic Learning. |
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-F/0001178913-07-000683/zk005.jpg)
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5. | Generic connectivity to databases usingeFLOW server side connection. |
![(GRAPHIC)](https://capedge.com/proxy/20-F/0001178913-07-000683/zk006.jpg)
Improved development process:
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1. | Microsoft’s Team System 2005 is part of the R&D process.Together with Microsoft’s technical team and one of our partners we replaced the older version control system with Microsoft’s system. |
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2. | Agile development.We have used advanced design and development concepts, including detailed unit tests at the developer level. |
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3. | Automatic Tests. This is now a standard part of our quality assurance process. The use of automatic tools dramatically reduces the amount of time needed to test the released version, where most of the tests are being done automatically by the QA machine. This allows much faster iterations of Development-QA and an overall higher quality of the product, with fewer bugs released initially and quicker convergence to stable product. |
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Trends
We expect that semi-structured technology will become a central part of the document management market. We are addressing this trend by strengthening and further developing our semi-structured technology, mainly in the Business Process Outsourcing, or BPO, environment.
We anticipate that growth will continue in the data capture market. We expect that new recognition and classification technologies combined with more vertical market integration will expend the main markets. However, we believe that there will be a move toward integrated software solutions, such asFreedom, oureFLOWplug-in for semi-structured content, instead of individual data capture products and semi-structured technology. As of today, there is a great demand for our Integra technology, especially in large intensive government projects. We also anticipate that the need for applications will increase substantially, mainly in the Accounts Payables workflow area, . We expect outsourcing with respect to documents solutions to increase due to its cost efficiency and improved quality and for the date capture industry to continue to move toward consolidation. We are addressing these trends by solidifying our relationships with our existing partners and seeking to become the preferred data capture solution provider for many large integrated system providers.
Tabular disclosure of contractual obligations
The following is a summary of our significant contractual obligations as of December 31, 2006:
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Contractual Obligation | | Total | | Less Than 1 Year | | 1-3 Years | | 3-5 Years | | More than 5 Years | |
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Operating Lease Obligation | | | 1,873,000 | | | 734,000 | | | 671,000 | | | 312,000 | | | 156,000 | |
Convertible debenture | | | 14,197,000 | | | - | | | 3,549,250 | | | 10,647,750 | | | - | |
We also have a long-term liability on our balance sheet as of December 31, 2006 in the amount of $1,016,000 related to employee severance obligations mandated by Israeli law. As we cannot determine the period, if any, during which we will be required to make any payments in respect of that liability, it is not reflected in the table above.
Our contractual obligations and commitments at December 31, 2006 principally include obligations associated with our outstanding indebtedness, future minimum operating lease obligations, a right to use a third party software (see below) and contractual and legal obligations to employees and officers’ severance expense. Such obligations are detailed in Notes 10 to the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2006 as well as the section entitled “Compensation” herein. We expect to finance these contractual commitments from cash on hand and cash generated from operations.
With respect to our short term loan, please see the discussion under “Line of Credit” in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” above.
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ITEM 6. | DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES |
Directors and Senior Management
The following table sets forth the identity of our directors, and senior management. The mailing address for each of the individuals below is c/o Top Image Systems Ltd. at our address set forth herein.
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Update
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Name | | Age | | Title |
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Izhak Nakar | | 55 | | Chairman of the Board |
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Ido Schechter | | 46 | | Chief Executive Officer and Director |
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Arie Rand | | 47 | | Chief Financial Officer |
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Gideon Shmuel | | 35 | | Vice President of Sales |
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Oded Leiba | | 36 | | Vice President of Engineering |
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Ofir Shalev | | 35 | | Vice President of Research and Development |
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Victor Halpert | | 46 | | Director |
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Sivan Sadan | | 33 | | Director |
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Elie Housman | | 70 | | Director |
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William M. Landuyt | | 51 | | Director |
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Yehezkel Yeshurun | | 58 | | Director |
Izhak Nakar founded TIS and served as its Chief Executive Officer from inception until December 2001. He has been a director of ours since 1991. In 1997 he initiated an entrepreneurial venture, TopGuard that was later sold to Elron. Mr. Nakar served in the Israel Air Force from 1970 to 1987, where he led various large-scale highly technical development projects, including leading a development team that worked in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force. He received his B.Sc. in Computer Science from Bar Ilan University in 1982, and an MBA from Tel-Aviv University in 1984. Mr. Nakar is a recipient of the “Israel Defense Award,” bestowed annually by the President of Israel, for the development of high-tech systems in the field of intelligence for the Israeli Defense Forces. He also received the “Man of the Year Award” in Business and Management (‘95-’96) in recognition of his business accomplishments and contributions to the growth and development of Israeli high-tech companies.
Ido Schechter has been the CEO of TIS since January 2002 and has been a director since December 2004. From January 2001 until he became CEO, Dr. Schechter was Vice President of TIS’ ASP2, an initiative of TIS to offer data collection services via the Internet, using theeFLOW platform solution. Prior to that Dr. Schechter had been the TIS’s Vice President of Sales since August 1996. From January 1995 until August 1996, Dr. Schechter served as General Manager of Super Image, a former affiliate of ours, which operated a form processing service bureau. From August 1993 to December 1994, Dr. Schechter oversaw the start-up of automatic form processing services at Israel Credit Cards, Ltd. From 1991 to 1993, Dr. Schechter was a research scientist at the Horticultural Research Institute of Ontario, Canada. Dr. Schechter is the recipient of eight Honors and Scholarships, has published or presented more than twenty-five articles and is a Captain in the Israeli Air Force. Dr. Schechter received his Ph.D. and M.Sc. in Plant Physiology from the University of Guelph in Ontario, Canada and his B.Sc. from the Hebrew University in Israel.
Arie Rand joined TIS as its Chief Financial Officer in April 2001 from Tescom, a high tech company with 600 employees and several subsidiaries worldwide, where he served as Chief Financial Officer from September 1996 through March 2001. Prior to Tescom, from September 1991 to June 1996 Mr. Rand served as a senior manager in the finance department of Delta Galil Industries, a major industrial company. Mr. Rand also has several years of experience at Almagor & Co., one of Israel’s leading accounting firms. He holds an MBA in Finance from Bar Ilan University.
Gideon Shmuel joined us as our Vice President of Sales for Europe, Middle East and Asia during 2001 from Pangea Ltd (UK), where he was a Senior Vice President. Pangea provides telecommunications infrastructure throughout Europe. Prior to that, Mr. Shmuel was Managing Director of LCR Telecom UK, a company that provides aggregated data, voice, Internet and mobile communications services to the corporate market during the years 1998 to 2000. Mr. Shmuel holds an MA in Marketing Management from Middlesex University Business School in London.
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Oded Leiba is Vice President of Engineering, and has held that position since May 2001. From May 1999 to May 2001, Mr. Leiba was our representative in Japan and worked with its exclusive distributor, EDMS for a period of three years. Before joining TIS, Mr. Leiba was employed as a senior level programmer at VISA where he was involved in the installation of the first of our forms-processing system (AFPS) from the client side. Oded Leiba holds a Bachelor of Arts in Computer Science and Business Management from Tel Aviv University.
Ofir Shalev has served as Vice President of Research and Development since October 2002. Prior to his promotion to Vice President of Research and Development, Mr. Shalev served as our Director of Recognition for three years. During this period, Mr. Shalev was responsible for the development of TIS’ semi-structured data module that plugs into theeFLOW Unified Content Platform™. In this position, Mr. Shalev was responsible for maintaining TIS’ technological advantages over its competitors in the recognition arena. Before joining TIS, Mr. Shalev served as a senior development leader at the Israeli Defense Force. Mr. Shalev holds a Bachelor of Science degree from the Technion, the Israeli Institute of Technology, and is a candidate for a Master of Science degree in Computer Science from the Open University in Israel.
Victor Halpert was elected to serve as an external director of TIS at the shareholders’ meeting in December 2003. Mr. Halpert has served in various positions in the field of equity research. From June 1999 through January 2003 Mr. Halpert served as director for Salomon Smith Barney in New York, NY. From January 1998 through May 1999 Mr. Halpert served as vice president (equity research, telecommunications and technology) for Robertson Stephens, New York, NY. From January 1995 through December 1997, Mr. Halpert served as vice president for Salomon Brothers Inc. New York, New York. Mr. Halpert has a bachelor’s of science degree in Accounting from State University of New York, College at New Paltz, NY, a Master of Science in Accounting from the University of Illinois at Chicago, Graduate Business School and an MBA from the University of Chicago Graduate Business School.
Sivan Sadan has served in various positions at Tamir Fishman entities from 1997 to 2005. Ms. Sadan acted as Managing Director and head of Corporate Finance of Tamir Fishman and Co., and served as a Partner at Tamir Fishman Ventures. Ms. Sadan is the founder and CEO of Or Capital Ltd. which was established in 2006. Ms Sadan serves as a member of the Advisory Board of Micronet Ltd. Ms. Sadan has a Bachelor degree with honors in Economics and Management and a Master in Business Administration and Finance from Tel Aviv University.
Elie Housman has been a director of TIS since May 2000. Mr. Housman joined InkSure in February 2002 as Chairman. Mr. Housman was a principal at and consultant to Charterhouse from 1989 until June 2001. At Charterhouse, Mr. Housman was involved in the acquisition of a number of companies with total sales of several hundred million dollars. Prior to Charterhouse, he was co-owner of AP Parts, a $250 million automotive parts manufacturer. Mr. Housman was also the Chairman of Novo Plc. in London, a leading company in the broadcast storage and services industry. At present, Mr. Housman is a director of three public companies, deltathree, Inc., ICTS International, N.V., a prominent aviation security company and EVCI Career Colleges Incorporated. In addition, Mr. Housman serves as a director of Jazz Photo, Inc., and Bartech Systems International, Inc., which are both privately held companies in the United States.
William M. Landuyt, has been a director of TIS since March 2, 2004. Mr. Landuyt is a Senior Partner at Charterhouse Group, Inc., having joined the New York City-based private equity firm in December 2003. He served as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Millennium Chemicals Inc. from its demerger from Hanson Plc (“Hanson”) in October 1996 until July 2003. He had served as the President of that company from June 1997 until that date. Mr. Landuyt was Director, President and Chief Executive Officer of Hanson Industries (which managed the United States operations of Hanson until the demerger) from June 1995 until the demerger, a Director of Hanson from 1992 until September 29, 1996, Finance Director of Hanson from 1992 to May 1995, and Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Hanson Industries from 1988 to 1992. He joined Hanson Industries in 1983. He was a director of Bethlehem Steel Corporation from April 1997 until October 2003.
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Yehezkel Yeshurun has been a director of TIS since December 2004. He brings to Top Image Systems’ Board of Directors over 25 years of technical and management experience. He is a faculty member in the School of Computer Science at Tel Aviv University, and his research areas are Computer Vision, Pattern Recognition and Computational Neuroscience. He authored more than 80 scientific publications and served on numerous international program committees. Professor Yeshurun has co-founded several technology companies including us and TapGuard (provider of QoS solutions over the internet, acquired by Elron Software (NASDAQ: ELRN)), and is the Chairman of the Board of ForeScout Technology (Internet Security startup). Among other positions, he served as the chairman of the Department of Computer Science at Tel Aviv University, chairman of the Israeli National Committee for IT, a member of the board of the Israeli chapter of W3C, a board member of the US-Israel Science and Technology Commission and a member of the board of governors of the International Association for Pattern Recognition. Professor Yeshurun holds a Ph.D. in Mathematics from Tel Aviv University and held visiting positions at New York University, McGill University and the University of Paris.
There are no familial relationships between any of the persons named above. Elie Housman was initially appointed to the Board seat by Charter pursuant to the terms of the investment by Charter in us and a voting agreement with Mr. Nakar. For further details, see the sections entitled “Major Shareholders” and “ Related Party Transactions” in this report. Mr. Housman left the employ of Charterhouse in 2001.
Compensation
For the year ended December 31, 2006, the compensation paid, and value of benefits in kind granted, to Ido Schechter, our Chief Executive Officer, was $306,000, which was composed of a base salary and bonus of $237,000, and $69,000 paid to provide for automobile allowance, pension, retirement, severance, vacation or similar benefits. The compensation paid to all other persons, as a group, who were, on December 31, 2006, directors or members of our administrative, supervisory or management bodies during that time was $1,028,000. In addition, in 2006, members of that group, together with our Chief Executive Officer, were granted an aggregate of options to purchase 286,600 ordinary shares under our Employee Share Option Plan 2003 with an average exercise price of $3.78 per share. The compensation paid to all persons other than Ido Schechter include (i) $84,000 reimbursement of directors’ expenses, (ii) $195,000 which has been accrued to provide pension, retirement, severance, vacation or similar benefits, and allowance for automobiles made available to our officers, and does not include other expenses (including business travel, and professional and business association dues and expenses) reimbursed to officers and (iii) $102,000 for business development services rendered by Mr. Nakar.
On December 27, 2006, our shareholders approved the grant of an option to purchase 125,000 ordinary shares to several members of the board, at an exercise price of $ 3.84 and vesting term of 2 years.
Board Practices
Board of Directors
All directors (other than external directors) currently hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualified. External directors currently hold office for three years from their appointment (in December 2006) and until their successors are duly elected and qualified at the relevant annual meeting. The external directors may be elected for additional three-year periods as more fully detailed under the title “External Directors”. At our shareholders meeting held on December 27, 2006, the shareholders approved a payment to the members of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and the board of directors, in the amount per director of 15,750 NIS per annum. In addition each of the above directors receives an amount of 3,000 NIS for each Board and/or Audit committee or Compensation Committee meeting attended. Mr. Izhak Nakar receives compensation for his service as a member of the board of directors, in the amount of 19,841 NIS per annum and 993 NIS for each Board and/or committee meeting attended. We reimburse all of the directors for reasonable travel expenses incurred in connection with their activities on our behalf. Mr. Yehezkel Yeshurun is entitled to compensation in the amount of 19,841 NIS per year for his service as a member of the Board of Directors and 993 NIS for each Board and/or committee meeting attended.
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In addition to the above, based on the resolution of the shareholders in a meeting held on December 18, 2003 as further clarified in the shareholders extraordinary meeting held on August 24, 2004, and as confirmed again in the General Shareholders’ Meeting held on November 15, 2005, relating to our establishment of TISJ, Mr. Nakar has become entitled to receive a one time payment of $100,000 and, in addition, an annual fee of $100,000 as consideration for consulting services to be provided one week per month for our operation in Japan, which was paid to Mr. Nakar in 2005 and 2006. In addition, Mr. Nakar was paid a fee of $1,000, plus reimbursement of any expenses, for every business day invested by him in consideration for his active involvement with any other TIS business throughout 2006. During 2006, we recorded an expense of $102,000 for Mr. Nakar’s services.
Independent Directors
The rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market require that a majority of our directors be “independent” as defined in Rule 4200(a)(15) thereof. The board of directors has determined that Sivan Sadan, William Landuyt, Elie Housman, Yehezkel Yeshurun, and Victor Halpert are each independent directors for purposes of the NASDAQ rules.
Israeli law requires that a public company, such as TIS, have at least two external directors. As of January 2006, the Israeli Companies Law -1999 requires as a general principle that at least one statutory external director have financial and accounting expertise, and that the other statutory external director have professional competence, as determined by our board of directors; under the recently amended Companies Regulations (Allowances for Companies with Securities Listed on an Exchange Outside Israel) ��� 2000, TIS as a company whose securities are listed both on the Tel Aviv Exchange and on NASDAQ as a foreign exchange meeting Israeli statutory requirements, is exempt from having an external director possessing financial and accounting expertise in the sense of the Israel Companies Law – 1999, provided that the company has a director possessing financial and accounting expertise as an independent member of the audit committee under the foreign law, so that all external directors may be directors possessing professional competence; under the Companies Regulations (Qualifications of Director Having Financial and Accounting Expertise and of Director Having Professional Competence) – 2005, a director having financial and accounting expertise is a person who, due to his or her education, experience and talents is highly skilled in respect of, and understands, business and accounting matters and financial reports, in a manner that enables him or her to deeply understand the company’s financial statements and to arouse discussion in respect of the manner in which the financial data is presented. The board of directors has determined that Victor Halpert is an audit committee financial expert pursuant to the rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market. Under the regulations, a director having professional competence is a person who has an academic degree in either economics, business administration, accounting, law or public administration or an academic degree in an area relevant to the company’s business, or has at least five years experience in a senior position in the business management of a corporation with a substantial scope of business, in a senior position in the public service or in the field of the company’s business. The two external directors of the Company are Sivan Sadan and Victor Halpert.
Audit Committee
The Israeli Companies Law (5759-1999), which became effective February 1, 2000, requires that public companies appoint an audit committee. The responsibilities of the audit committee include identifying irregularities in the management of the company’s business and approving related party transactions as required by law. An audit committee must consist of at least three directors, including all of the external directors of the Company. The chairman of the board of directors, any director employed by or otherwise providing services to the Company, and a controlling shareholder or any relative of a controlling shareholder, may not be members of the audit committee. Our audit committee is governed by an audit committee charter, which is an exhibit to our registration statement on Form F-1 which became effective on March 1, 2005.
We are also required by the rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market to establish an audit committee, all of whose members are independent of management, and to adopt an audit committee charter. Our two external directors, Victor Halpert and Sivan Sadan, serve on the audit committee of the board of directors, along with Elie Housman. The board of directors has determined that Victor Halpert is an audit committee financial expert pursuant to the rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market.
Compensation Committee
In August 2004, the board of directors authorized the establishment of a Compensation Committee. The current members of the Committee are William M. Landuyt, Yehezkel Yeshurun and Victor Halpert. At the time of establishing the Committee, the board of directors also adopted a Compensation Committee Charter to govern the operation of the Committee. Notwithstanding the provisions of the Compensation Committee Charter, the board of directors resolved to require the Committee to submit its recommendations to the board of directors, which shall be solely authorized to approve the recommendations of the Compensation Committee.
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Employees
As of December 31, 2006, we employed the following employees:
| | | | |
Company Name | | No of Employees | |
| |
| |
TIS Israel | | 52 | | |
TIS Germany | | 18 | | |
TIS Japan | | 19 | | |
TIS UK | | 15 | | |
TIS USA | | 4 | | |
| |
| | |
Total | | 108 | | |
Certain provisions of the collective bargaining agreements between the Histadrut (General Federation of Labor in Israel) and the Coordination Bureau of Economic Organizations (including the Industrialists’ Associations) are applicable to our employees in Israel by order of the Israeli Ministry of Labor. These provisions concern principally the length of the workday, minimum daily wages for professional workers, insurance for work-related accidents, procedures for dismissing employees, determination of severance pay, and other conditions of employment. We generally provide our employees with benefits and working conditions beyond the required minimums.
Pursuant to Israeli law, we are legally required, subject to certain exceptions, to pay severance benefits upon the retirement or death of an employee or the termination of employment of an employee without due cause. We satisfy the majority of this obligation by contributing funds to a fund known as “Managers’ Insurance.” This fund provides a combination of savings plans, insurance, and severance pay benefits to the employee, giving the employee a lump sum payment upon retirement and a severance payment, if legally entitled, upon termination of employment. The remaining portion of this obligation is represented on our balance sheet as “Provision for severance pay.” The Israeli law has recently been amended to address some of the issues that were in the past addressed only by the collective bargaining agreements mentioned above, such as procedures for dismissing employees, minimum wages and other issues. In the event of contradiction between a provision of the law and that of a collective bargaining agreement, the principle for interpretation is that the provision which is more favorable to the employee will prevail.
Share Ownership
Board of Directors, Senior Management and Certain Employees
Mr. Izhak Nakar currently holds in his name 59,174 ordinary shares. These shares represent 0.7% (0.4% on a fully diluted basis) of our outstanding share capital. In addition, Mr. Nakar and members of his immediate family own Nir 4 You Technologies Ltd., an Israeli company that holds 280,000 ordinary shares amounting to 3.2% (1.9% on a fully diluted basis) of our outstanding share capital. None of the ordinary shares discussed in this section have different voting rights than those of other outstanding ordinary shares.
Charter owns 2,000,000 ordinary shares representing 22.6% (13.3% on a fully diluted basis) of our outstanding share capital.
Stock Options
In order to attract, retain and motivate employees (including officers) who perform services for or on behalf of us, we maintain three Employee Share Option Plans, one established in 1996 (“ESOP 1996”), the second in 2000 (“ESOP 2000”) and the third in 2003 (“ESOP 2003”). Upon adoption of ESOP 2003, all shares previously available for grant under ESOP 1996 and ESOP 2000 that were not the subject of outstanding options were transferred to such new plan (see below) and are subject to the terms of the new plan. We have filed registration statements on Form S-8 covering our Employee Share Option Plans.
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Employee Share Option Plan (1996)
In September 1996, the board of directors adopted, and our shareholders approved, the Employee Share Option Plan (1996). ESOP 1996 is administered by a committee appointed by the board of directors or alternatively the Board itself. The Committee has discretion as to when and to whom and upon what terms to grant options under ESOP 1996. Options under the plan may be granted to any officer or employee of us or of any of our subsidiaries. The Committee will examine various factors when determining to whom to grant options and upon what terms; however, these factors shall always include the grantee’s salary and duration of employment with us or our subsidiary. ESOP 1996 authorized the granting of options to purchase up to 250,000 ordinary shares, consisting of options intended to qualify as “incentive stock options” within the meaning of Section 422 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and options not intended to satisfy the requirements for incentive stock options. At December 31, 2006, options to purchase 82,625 ordinary shares were outstanding under the plan at exercise prices between $2.31 and $4.13 per share.
Options granted under ESOP 1996 have terms of up to ten years, provided, however, that options that are intended to qualify as incentive stock options and that are granted to an employee who on the date of grant is a 10% shareholder of us or any subsidiary corporation or parent corporation shall be for no more than a five-year term. Ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of the options granted under ESOP 1996 will be held in trust for the benefit of the optionee for a period of at least two years after the grant of the options. The exercise price of options granted under ESOP 1996 may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the ordinary shares on the date of the grant and the exercise price of options granted under future employee share options shall not be less than 85% of the fair market value of the ordinary shares on the date of grant, in each case, as determined by the Board (or the Share Option Committee, if the Board elects to appoint one). In the case of options that are intended to be incentive stock options granted to an employee who, at the date of such grant, is a 10% shareholder of us or any subsidiary corporation or parent corporation, the exercise price for such options may not be less than 110% of the fair market value of the ordinary shares on the date of such grant. The number of shares covered by an option granted under ESOP 1996 is subject to adjustment for stock splits, mergers, consolidations, reorganizations and recapitalizations. Options are non-assignable except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and may be exercised only so long as the optionee continues to be employed by us. If the optionee dies, becomes disabled or retires, the right to exercise the option will be determined by the Board (or the Share Option Committee) in its sole discretion. The optionee is responsible for all personal tax consequences of the grant and the exercise thereof. For so long as we are not a U.S. taxpayer, we believe that, other than a 1% stamp tax, no tax consequences will result to us in connection with the grant or exercise of options pursuant to ESOP 1996.
Upon termination of employment, other than for death or disability, grantees may exercise vested options for three months following termination. ESOP 1996 contains similar provisions in relation to a grantee that becomes disabled or dies, only in these cases, the vested options may be exercised for a period of one year.
Employee Share Option Plan (2000)
The Employee Share Option Plan (2000) is designed to benefit from, and is made pursuant to, the provisions of Section 102 of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance (New Version) 1961 and the rules promulgated thereunder (“Section 102”), as applied prior to the implication of the tax reform in Israel, described elsewhere herein. Except as required by Section 102, the terms of ESOP 2000 are substantially the same as those of ESOP 1996.
A total of 240,000 of authorized but unissued shares were reserved for issuance upon the exercise of options granted pursuant to ESOP 2000 and, as of December 31, 2006, options to purchase an aggregate of 118,500 shares were outstanding. All options are exercisable and have exercise prices between $0.99 and $4.125 per share.
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Employee Share Option Plan (2003)
An additional share option plan was approved by the board of directors on May 13, 2003 and by our shareholders at our annual meeting on December 18, 2003. The terms of ESOP 2003 are substantially the same as those of ESOP 2000. All the shares reserved for grant under ESOP 2000 and ESOP 1996 that were not granted or that were not the subject of outstanding options under those plans were transferred to the new plan. Further, all options under such old plans that expire prior to their exercise according to the conditions detailed therein will be transferred into the new plan. We filed the necessary documents with the Israeli tax authorities for the approval of the new option plan on June 4, 2003. Such approval provides the grantees the eligibility for certain benefits under Section 102 of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance (New Version) 1961 and the rules promulgated thereunder as revised by the Israeli tax reform.
During 2004, the board of directors and the shareholders of the Company approved the issuance of options to purchase an additional 650,000 ordinary shares pursuant to ESOP 2003. During 2006, the board of directors and the shareholders of the Company approved the issuance of options to purchase an additional 700,000 ordinary shares pursuant to ESOP 2003.
On December 27, 2006, the shareholders of the Company approved the grant of an option to purchase 125,000 ordinary shares to several members of the board, at an exercise price of $ 3.84 and vesting term of 2 years.
As of December 31, 2006 options to purchase 643,317 ordinary shares were available for future grant.
On December 30, 2005, we decided to accelerate the vesting of 304,830 of our unvested share options previously awarded to employees and officers (other than executive officers) of the Company to purchase the Company’s shares pursuant to ESOP 1996, ESOP 2000 or ESOP 2003, such that, as of December 31, 2005, these outstanding options to purchase any of the Company’s ordinary shares were fully vested.
As a result of the acceleration, we recorded in 2005 additional compensation expenses of $44,000, included in general and administrative expenses.
Our decision to accelerate the vesting of those options and to grant fully vested options, was based primarily on the issuance of SFAS No. 123(R), which requires the Company to treat all unvested stock options as compensation expense, effective January 1, 2006. We believe that the accelerated vesting of those options will enable the Company to avoid recognizing stock-based compensation expense associated with these options in future periods. Additional purposes for the fully vested grant and for the acceleration were to make the options more attractive to recipients and to avoid discrimination between groups of option holders, respectively.
Non-Plan Options
We have reserved 115,000 ordinary shares for issuance upon the exercise of outstanding non-plan share options all of which have been granted by the Company to certain executive officers and key employees.
As of December 31, 2006, no non-plan options are outstanding.
| |
ITEM 7. | MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
As of December 31, 2006, Charter held 2,000,000 ordinary shares, or 22.6% (13.3% on a fully diluted basis) of our outstanding share capital. At that time, Izhak Nakar held in his name 59,174 ordinary shares, or 0.7% (0.4% on a fully diluted basis) of the outstanding share capital, and Nir 4 You Technologies Ltd., a company owned by Mr. Nakar and his immediate family, held 280,000 ordinary shares, or 3.2% (1.9% on a fully diluted basis) of our outstanding share capital. Except as provided in the Share Purchase Agreement described below, none of these shares have special voting rights attached to them.
Charter acquired its ordinary shares in May 2000 in exchange for a $15,000,000 investment. Under the terms of the Share Purchase Agreement, the board of directors appointed by the shareholders meeting to serve immediately following the closing was composed of seven members out of whom Charter designated four. Charter obtained the right to demand registration of its shares on three separate occasions, Charter was granted pre-emptive rights with respect to future issuances of securities by us, and certain informational rights. Charter’s right to appoint four of our seven directors was a one-time right only. This right is not attached to the shares purchased by Charter and the entire Board faces re-election at each annual general meeting. Currently, one person nominated by Charter, William Landuyt, serves on the Board.
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In connection with the investment by Charter, certain rights were granted to Mr. Nakar, our then Chief Executive Officer. These included the modification of Mr. Nakar’s compensation, as well as the granting to Mr. Nakar of the right to demand registration of any or all of the shares held by him in the event that his employment was terminated under certain specific conditions. These rights to demand registration have come into effect following the termination of Mr. Nakar’s employment. The grant of these rights was approved by our board of directors, Audit Committee and shareholders. Charter and Mr. Nakar requested the registration of the resale of the ordinary shares held by them or their affiliates. We registered the resale of those shares in our registration statement on Form F-1 which became effective on March 1, 2005.
In accordance with the foregoing and as a result of Mr. Nakar’s resignation from employment, we recorded a non-recurring severance expense in our financial statements in the amount of approximately $759,000 during prior years. During 2006, we recorded on our books an amount of $102,000 for Mr. Nakar’s services.
Twenty-one record holders of ordinary shares have declared postal addresses in the United States. These twenty-one record holders hold, between them, 95.2% of our outstanding share capital. These numbers are not representative of the number of beneficial holders of our shares nor is it representative of where such beneficial holders reside since many of these ordinary shares were held of record by brokers or other nominees (including one U.S. nominee company, CEDE & Co., which held approximately 68.5% of our outstanding ordinary shares as of said date). There are no arrangements known to us that may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of us.
| |
ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Consolidated statements and other financial information
Consolidated Financial Statements
See Item 18.
Other Financial Information
The amount of export revenues constitutes a significant portion of our total revenues. The following is a table giving details of our export revenues, as well as the breakdown of revenues between products and services.
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2004 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Export Revenues | | | | | | | | | | |
Export Revenues | | | 20,150,000 | | | 16,682,000 | | | 10,994,226 | |
Total Revenues | | | 20,224,000 | | | 16,820,000 | | | 11,178,448 | |
Percentage of Total Revenues | | | 99 | % | | 99 | % | | 98 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Breakdown of Revenues | | | | | | | | | | |
Product Revenues | | | 60 | % | | 59 | % | | 62 | % |
Service Revenues | | | 40 | % | | 41 | % | | 38 | % |
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Legal Proceedings
During 2003, we were named as a defendant in a case brought by a patent holder, Millennium LP in the district court for the Southern District of New York. In that case Millennium was asserting that certain image processing systems sold or offered for sale by the Company in the U.S. infringe certain U.S. patents held by Millennium. Subsequent to the reporting period, the Company has settled the matter for $ 250,000, which will be paid as follows: $ 100,000 at the time the settlement agreement was finalized and a monthly payment of $ 6,250 for 24 months. According to the settlement agreement, the abovementioned payment was for the release for past and covenant for the future. The settlement gave the Company a full release and discharge under the patents for all the company’s products sold by the company or its customers up to the date of the settlement agreement and from then on until the last patent expires.
Dividend Policy
To date, we have not paid any dividends on our ordinary shares. The payment of dividends in the future, if any, is within the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend upon our earnings, our capital requirements and financial condition and other relevant factors. We do not anticipate declaring or paying any dividend in the foreseeable future.
A. Offer and Listing Details.
Effective November 1996, our ordinary shares have been quoted on the NASDAQ Capital Market, under the symbol “TISAF.” Effective April 29, 1999, the symbol for the ordinary shares was changed to “TISA” on the NASDAQ Capital Market.
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low closing prices of our ordinary shares, as reported on the NASDAQ Capital Market.
Stock price history
The annual high and low market prices for the ordinary shares for the five most recent full financial years are set forth below:
| | | | |
Year Ending | | | | NASDAQ Capital Market |
| | | |
|
December 31, 2006 | | Hi | | 4.44 |
| | Lo | | 2.80 |
| | | | |
December 31, 2005 | | Hi | | 4.11 |
| | Lo | | 2.13 |
| | | | |
December 31, 2004 | | Hi | | 5.00 |
| | Lo | | 2.13 |
| | | | |
December 31, 2003 | | Hi | | 3.14 |
| | Lo | | 0.42 |
| | | | |
December 31, 2002 | | Hi | | 3.92 |
| | Lo | | 0.42 |
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The high and low market prices for the ordinary shares for each full financial quarter over the two most recent full financial years and any subsequent period are set forth below:
| | | | |
Quarter Ending | | | | NASDAQ Capital Market |
| | | |
|
December 31, 2006 | | Hi | | 4.44 |
| | Lo | | 3.07 |
| | | | |
September 30, 2006 | | Hi | | 3.50 |
| | Lo | | 2.87 |
| | | | |
June 30, 2006 | | Hi | | 4.04 |
| | Lo | | 3.07 |
| | | | |
March 31, 2006 | | Hi | | 4.00 |
| | Lo | | 2.80 |
| | | | |
December 31, 2005 | | Hi | | 3.29 |
| | Lo | | 2.31 |
| | | | |
September 30, 2005 | | Hi | | 3.59 |
| | Lo | | 2.47 |
| | | | |
June 30, 2005 | | Hi | | 3.74 |
| | Lo | | 2.67 |
| | | | |
March 31, 2005 | | Hi | | 4.11 |
| | Lo | | 2.89 |
For the most recent six months, the high and low market prices of the ordinary shares for each month are set forth below:
| | | | |
Month Ending | | | | NASDAQ Capital Market |
| | | |
|
February 28, 2007 | | Hi | | 4.00 |
| | Lo | | 3.57 |
| | | | |
January 31, 2007 | | Hi | | 4.25 |
| | Lo | | 3.50 |
| | | | |
December 31, 2006 | | Hi | | 3.99 |
| | Lo | | 3.45 |
| | | | |
November 30, 2006 | | Hi | | 4.44 |
| | Lo | | 3.07 |
| | | | |
October 31, 2006 | | Hi | | 3.68 |
| | Lo | | 3.20 |
| | | | |
September 30, 2006 | | Hi | | 3.50 |
| | Lo | | 2.97 |
Our ordinary shares have been dual-listed for trading on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange since December 3, 2006. Since the date of listing, there has been only limited and sporadic trading activity.
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Markets
Effective November 1996, our ordinary shares were quoted on the Nasdaq Capital Market, under the symbol “TISAF” and listed on the Boston Stock Exchange, under the symbol “TPM.” Effective April 29, 1999, the symbol for the ordinary shares was changed to “TISA” on the Nasdaq Capital Market. The ordinary shares are not publicly traded outside the United States.
In March of 2005, our board of directors determined that we derived no material benefit from continued listing on the Boston Stock Exchange, as there had been no trading activity in our ordinary shares on that exchange since November 1999, and authorized and directed management to commence voluntary delisting procedures. The Securities and Exchange Commission subsequently approved our application to delist, and our voluntary delisting became effective in March 2005.
Our ordinary shares were dual-listed on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange on December 3, 2006, in addition to being listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market. Effective January 1, 2007, the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange included our shares in the Tel Aviv Tel-Tech index, which tracks the performance of the top Israeli technology companies by market cap.
On December 27, 2006, we completed a public offering of approximately NIS 61.9 million (approximately $14.7 million) aggregate principal amount of convertible debentures on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. The public offering was composed of 112,500 convertible debentures of NIS 528 (approximately $124) par value each. The convertible debentures are linked to the US Dollar and will bear interest at the annual rate of six-month LIBOR minus 0.3%. The interest is payable semi-annually commencing on June 30, 2007, and the principal is repayable in four annual installments commencing on December 31, 2009. After taking into account a concurrent private placement to the underwriter of NIS 500,000 aggregate principal amount of convertible debentures and an original issue discount of 4% on all the convertible debentures, the gross proceeds to TIS were NIS 59.87 million (approximately $14.1 million).
The debentures may be converted at the election of the holder into our ordinary shares at the conversion price of NIS 20.30 (approximately $4.81). We also have the right to force conversion on or after October 1, 2009 if our share fair market value (as defined in the debenture documents) reaches NIS 25.50 (approximately $6.04). This offering was made in Israel to residents of Israel only. The convertible debentures offered were not and will not be registered under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
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ITEM 10. | ADDITIONAL INFORMATION |
Memorandum and Articles of Association
General
TIS is registered with the Israeli Registrar of Companies. The registration number issued to TIS by the Registrar of Companies is 52-004294-6. The objectives for which we were founded are set out in Section 2 of the Memorandum of Association as follows: “The Company is permitted to deal with any activity that is meant to advance the interests of the Company and to act in any field which the Company’s management believes is beneficial to the Company.” In our December 18, 2003 shareholders meeting, we adopted new Articles of Association to provide for changes in the Companies Law.
Directors and other Office Holders
General
A director’s ability to vote on a proposal, arrangement or contract in which the director is materially interested is codified, along with the fiduciary duties of all “office holders,” in the Israeli Companies Law. Under the Israeli Companies Law, the term “office holders,” is defined to mean, a director, chief executive officer, president, chief business manager, deputy chief executive officer, vice chief executive officer, executive vice president, vice president, another manager directly subordinate to the managing director or any other person assuming the responsibilities of any of the forgoing positions without regard to such person’s title. An office holder’s fiduciary duties consist of a duty of care and a duty of loyalty. The duty of care includes avoiding negligent acts and acting skillfully as a reasonable office holder would act. The duty of loyalty includes avoiding any conflict of interest between the office holder’s position in the company and his personal affairs, avoiding any competition with the company, avoiding exploiting any business opportunity of the company in order to receive personal advantage for himself or others, and revealing to the company any information or documents relating to the company’s affairs which the office holder has received due to his position as an office holder of the company.
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The Israeli Companies Law requires that an office holder promptly disclose any personal interest that he or she may have and all related material information known to him or her, in connection with any existing or proposed transaction by the company.
In the case of a transaction in which an office holder has a personal interest, that is not an extraordinary transaction, as defined under Israeli law, and after the office holder complies with the above disclosure requirement, only board approval is required unless our Articles of Association provide otherwise. Members of the board having a personal interest should not be present at the vote or exercise their vote unless a majority of the board has a personal interest. The transaction must not be adverse to the company’s interest. If such transaction is an extraordinary transaction or if we intend to provide an undertaking to indemnify, exempt or insure an office holder, with regard to their duties, then, in addition to any approval required by the board of directors or by the Articles of Association, it also must be approved by the audit committee prior to the approval by the board of directors, and, under specified circumstances, by a meeting of the shareholders. An office holder who has a personal interest in the approval of a transaction brought before the board of directors or the audit committee may not be present at this meeting or vote on this matter unless most of the members have a personal interest in approving the transaction or the occurrence of specific circumstances defined in the law.
Arrangements regarding the compensation of directors of a public company (whether regarding in their capacity as directors or regarding the provision of other services) require audit committee, board of directors and shareholder approval.
External Directors
Under the Israeli Companies Law which took effect on February 1, 2000, companies registered under the laws of Israel whose shares have been offered to the public in or outside of Israel are required to appoint two external directors. Any committee having the power to act on behalf of a company’s board (as opposed to an advisory committee) must have at least one external director as a member. All of the external directors must be members of the Audit Committee. An external director must be an individual resident of Israel, who is qualified to serve as a director. However, companies such as ours whose shares have been offered to the public outside of Israel may appoint external directors who are not residents of Israel according to special allowances provided in Companies Regulations (Allowances for Companies with Securities Listed on an Exchange Outside Israel) – 2000. No person may be appointed as an external director if the person or the person’s relative, partner, employer or any entity under the person’s control, has or had, on or within the two years preceding the date of the person’s appointment to serve as external director, any affiliation with the company or any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with the company. The term “affiliation” includes:
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| • | an employment relationship; |
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| • | a business or professional relationship maintained on a regular basis; |
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| • | control; and |
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| • | service as an office holder. |
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No person may serve as an external director if the person’s position or other business creates, or may create, a conflict of interest with the person’s responsibilities as an external director or may otherwise interfere with the person’s ability to serve as an external director. A director of one company may not be appointed as an external director in another, if at the same time, a director of the other company serves as an external director of the first. Other limitations exist with regard to various types of memberships and positions, whose holders may not serve as external directors. If, at the time external directors are to be appointed, all current members of the board of directors are of the same gender, then at least one external director must be of the other gender.
External directors are to be elected by a majority vote at a shareholders’ meeting, provided that either:
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| • | the majority of shares voted at the meeting, including at least one-third of the shares held by non-controlling shareholders voted at the meeting, vote in favor of election of the director; or |
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| • | the total number of shares held by non-controlling shareholders voted against the election of the directors does not exceed one percent of the aggregate voting rights in the company. |
The initial term of an external director under the current law is three years (extendable for an additional three years term) and, with regard to companies whose securities are listed on recognized foreign exchanges, such as TIS, may be extended for additional three-year terms, subject to the approval of the Audit Committee and the Board, presented to the general meeting, that such director’s expertise and special contribution to the operation of the Board warrant that his appointment for an additional period is in the best interests of the company, as provided in Companies Regulations (Allowances for Companies with Securities Listed on an Exchange Outside Israel) – 2000. The approval of the general meeting shall requires that the majority of votes include one-third of the non-controlling shareholders present at the meeting, or alternatively, that the total of opposing votes does not exceed 1% of the voting rights (and in the event that all Board members are of one gender, one of the external directors should be of the other), in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Law. External directors may be removed only by the same percentage of shareholders as is required for their election, or by a court, and then only if the external directors cease to meet the statutory qualifications for their appointment or if they violate their duty of loyalty to the company.
An external director is entitled to compensation as provided in regulations adopted under the Israeli Companies Law and is otherwise prohibited from receiving any other compensation, directly or indirectly in connection with service provided as an external director or for any other service.
Alternate Directors
Under the Israeli Companies Law, the Articles of Association of a company may entitle a director to appoint another person to serve as an alternate director. Our Articles entitle our directors by written notice to us to make such an appointment and to cancel any such appointment. Our Articles also provide that any person may act as an alternate director. The Israeli Companies Law now prohibits incumbent directors from acting as alternate directors and a single person from acting as an alternate director for more than one incumbent director.
The term of appointment of an alternate director may be for one meeting of the board of directors or for a specified period or until notice is given of the cancellation of the appointment. To our knowledge, no director currently intends to appoint any other person as an alternate director, except if the director is unable to attend a meeting of the board of directors.
Internal Auditor and Certified Public Accountant
Under the Israeli Companies Law, the board of directors must appoint an internal auditor, nominated by the audit committee. The role of the internal auditor is to examine, among other matters, whether the company’s actions comply with the law and orderly business procedure. Under the Israeli Companies Law, the internal auditor may be an employee of the company but not an office holder (as defined above), nor an affiliate, nor a relative of an office holder or affiliate, and he may not be the company’s independent accountant or its representative. In addition, the internal auditor may not be a person who holds 5% or more of the company’s outstanding share capital or voting rights, or a person who has the right to appoint one or more directors or the general manager. The Company’s internal auditor is Mr. Eyal Weitzman of Fahn Kanne Control Management Ltd., a member firm of Grant Thornton International.
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In addition, under the Israeli Companies Law, all companies must appoint a certified public accountant to audit the company’s financial statements and to report to the chairman of the board of directors any material improprieties that it may discover with respect to the accounting control of the company. In our last shareholders meeting, on December 27, 2006, we appointed Kost Forrer Gabbay and Kasierer, a member firm of Ernst & Young Global and certified public accountants in Israel, as our certified public accountant for auditing services.
Indemnification of Directors and Officers
At the shareholders’ meeting on December 18, 2003, the Company adopted new Articles of Association which allow for insurance and indemnification for office holders for future liabilities. At the same meeting, the shareholders approved indemnification of the officers and directors of the Company according to an indemnification letter. At a shareholders meeting held on November 15, 2005, following statutory amendment of 2005, the shareholders approved the indemnification letter currently in place with regard to the Company’s directors and officers in the form attached hereto.
Under the Israeli Companies Law, a company may indemnify an office holder against any monetary liability incurred in his or her capacity as an office holder whether imposed on him or her or incurred by him or her in favor of another person pursuant to a judgment, a settlement or an arbitrator’s award approved by court. A company also can indemnify an office holder against reasonable litigation expenses including attorneys’ fees, incurred, whether or not paid by him or her in his or her capacity as an office holder, in proceedings instituted against him or her by the company, on its behalf or by a third-party, in connection with criminal proceedings in which the office holder was acquitted, or as a result of a conviction for a crime that does not require proof of criminal intent, or in which an indictment was not brought against the office holder.
In addition, a company may indemnify an office holder against reasonable legal fees, including attorney’s fees, incurred, whether or not paid by him, by him or her in consequence of an investigation or proceeding instituted against him or her by an authority that is authorized to conduct such investigation or proceeding, and that was resolved without an indictment against him or her and without imposing on him or her financial obligation as an alternative of a criminal proceeding, or that was resolved without filing an indictment against him or her but with the imposition on him or her of a financial obligation as an alternative to a criminal proceeding in respect of an offense that does not require the proof of criminal intent.
A company may indemnify an office holder in respect of these liabilities either in advance of an event or following an event. If a company undertakes to indemnify an office holder in advance of an event, the indemnification, other than litigation expenses, must be limited to foreseeable events in light of the company’s actual activities when the company undertook such indemnification, and reasonable amounts or standards, as determined by the board of directors.
A company may obtain insurance for an office holder against liabilities incurred in his or her capacity as an office holder. These liabilities include a breach of duty of care to the company or a third-party, including a breach arising out of negligent conduct of the office holder, a breach of duty of loyalty and any monetary liability imposed on the office holder in favor of a third-party. A company may also exculpate an office holder from a breach of duty of care in advance of that breach. Our articles of association provide for exculpation both in advance or retroactively, to the extent permitted under Israeli law. A company may not exculpate an office holder from a breach of duty of loyalty towards the company or from a breach of duty of care concerning dividend distribution or a purchase of the company’s shares by the company or other entities controlled by the company.
Under the Israeli Companies Law, a company may indemnify or insure an office holder against a breach of duty of loyalty only to the extent that the office holder acted in good faith and had reasonable grounds to assume that the action would not prejudice the company. In addition, a company may not indemnify, insure or exculpate an office holder against a breach of duty of care if committed intentionally or recklessly (excluding mere negligence), or committed with the intent to derive an unlawful personal gain, or against a fine or forfeit levied against the office holder in connection with a criminal offense.
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Currently, we hold an insurance policy for our office holders that provides coverage limited to $15,000,000 in aggregate for the policy period ending on December 31, 2007.
Rights, Preferences, Restrictions of Shares
We currently utilize one type of share, this being ordinary shares. Subject to Israeli law, dividends may be declared at a general meeting, following a recommendation by the directors. We may decide to declare a dividend in an amount that is less than that recommended by the directors or decide not to declare a dividend at all, despite a directors’ recommendation, but may not increase the amount of the dividend to more than the amount recommended by the directors. The directors may invest or use otherwise for our benefit, any dividends that are not demanded within one year of their being declared. The directors shall pay such dividends upon receipt of a valid demand; however we are not liable to pay any interest on dividends.
Each shareholder is entitled to one vote for each ordinary share held. Except for the external directors, each director is elected to serve until the next annual general meeting of shareholders and until his successor has been elected. Our Articles do not grant shareholders any rights to share in our profits other than through dividends. In the event that we go into liquidation, any surplus is distributed to the shareholders in proportion to the amount paid by each on account of the nominal value of the shares paid. No account is taken of any premiums paid in excess of the nominal value.
We may issue and redeem redeemable shares and redeemable warrants. There are no sinking fund provisions recorded in our Articles. The directors may only make calls upon shareholders in respect of sums unpaid on their shares. Our Articles contain no provisions which discriminate against any existing or future shareholder as a result of said shareholder holding a substantial number of shares.
According to our Articles, any resolution on the change of the Company’s share capital by way of the creation of new shares, or cancellation of unissued registered shares, with preferred or qualified rights is deemed a change of our Articles of Association and as such requires the vote of a majority of 75% of the shareholders participating in the general meeting. If at any time our share capital is divided into different classes of shares, we may change the rights of shareholders by way of a resolution of the general meeting, subject to the consent of the shareholders of the class whose rights are being impaired by the proposed change.
Meetings of Shareholders
An annual general meeting must be held once in each year and not later than fifteen months after the preceding annual general meeting. All shareholders are entitled to attend and vote or vote by proxy at annual general meetings. Notice of annual general meetings may be sent by us by personal delivery, post, facsimile or telex to shareholders at the address recorded in our records. Any notice sent by post to a shareholder’s address that is situated outside of Israel must be sent by airmail. Any general meeting that is not an annual general meeting is called an extraordinary general meeting. All shareholders are entitled to attend and vote or vote by proxy at extraordinary general meetings.
Our board of directors may convene an extraordinary general meeting when and as it sees fit. In addition the Board must, according to statute, convene an extraordinary general meeting if it receives a demand to do so from either (i) at least two directors, (ii) at least one quarter of the directors of the Board or (iii) one or more shareholders who hold (A) an aggregate of at least five percent of our issued share capital and one percent of all voting rights, or (B) at least five percent of all voting rights. Any demand by a person or persons, as described in (i), (ii) and/or (iii) of this paragraph, who wish to demand that an extraordinary general meeting be convened must be made in writing and sent to our registered office. The demand must detail the objects of the meeting and must be signed by all those making the demand.
Notice of an annual general meeting and of an extraordinary general meeting must be sent at least 21 days in advance to all shareholders recorded in our register of shareholders. Such notice must include the place, date and hour of the meeting, the agenda for the meeting, the proposed resolutions and instructions for proxy voting.
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The determining date as to share ownership for purposes of attending and voting at a general meeting is statutorily shall be as set forth in the decision to convene a general meeting but not earlier than 21 day before the scheduled general meeting date and not later than 4 days prior to such scheduled meeting date; Notwithstanding the foregoing, Israeli companies such as ours whose shares have been listed for trade both on the Tel Aviv Exchange and recognized foreign stock exchange, which issue proxy statements to their shareholders in conformity with the law of the country where such foreign exchange is located, are entitled to vary such determining date to not earlier than 21 day before the scheduled general meeting date and not later than 4 days prior to such scheduled meeting date, and are entitled to certain allowances as to issuing proxy statements to shareholders outside Israel, in accordance with the Companies Regulations (Allowances for Companies with Securities Listed on an Exchange Outside Israel) - 2000.
Limitations of Shareholders
No limitations exist or are imposed by Israeli law or our constituent documents with regard to the right to own our shares, including any limitations upon the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights.
Limitations on a Change of Control
There are no provisions in our Articles or other constituent documents other than as required by law that would have an effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us. The holders of the warrants to be issued in connection with the private placement which is described under the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources” have certain rights upon certain types of transactions that could make consummating such a transaction more expensive. An Israeli company whose securities are listed on the Tel Aviv Exchange and on a recognized foreign exchange, such as our, enjoys certain allowances with regard to a special purchase offer having consideration to the requirements of the law of the country where such foreign exchange is located.
Provisions Relating to Major Shareholders
We are required by law to maintain a separate register of shareholders that hold five percent, or over five percent, of either our issued shares or voting rights.
The Israeli Companies Law applies the same disclosure requirements to a controlling shareholder of a public company, which includes a shareholder that holds 25% or more of the voting rights if no other shareholder owns more than 50% of the voting rights in the company, as it does to “office holders” in the context of a related party transaction. For the purposes of this definition, the law deems two or more shareholders who hold voting rights in the company and each of which has a personal interest in the approval of a transaction being brought to the company for approval, as jointly holding such shares. See the section entitled “Directors-General” in this report. Extraordinary transactions with a controlling shareholder or in which a controlling shareholder has a personal interest, and agreements relating to employment and compensation terms of a controlling shareholder, require the approval of the audit committee, the board of directors and the shareholders of the company.
The shareholder approval must either include at least one-third of the shares held by disinterested shareholders who are present, in person or by proxy, at the meeting, or, alternatively, the total shareholdings of the disinterested shareholders who vote against the transaction must not represent more than one percent of the voting rights in the company. In addition, a private placement of securities that will increase the relative holdings of a shareholder that holds five percent or more of the company’s outstanding share capital, assuming the exercise of all of the securities convertible into shares held by that person, or that will cause any person to become, as a result of the issuance, a holder of more than five percent of the company’s outstanding share capital, requires approval by the board of directors and the shareholder of the company.
Under the Israeli Companies Law, a shareholder has a duty to act in good faith towards the company and the other shareholders and to refrain from abusing his power in the company, including, among other things, voting in the general meeting of shareholders on the following matters:
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| • | any amendment to the Articles of Association; |
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| • | an increase of the company’s authorized share capital; |
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| • | a merger; or |
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| • | approval of interested party transactions that require shareholder approval. |
In addition, any controlling shareholder who can determine the outcome of a shareholder vote and any shareholder who, under a company’s Articles of Association, can appoint or prevent the appointment of an office holder, is under a duty to act with fairness towards the company. The Israeli Companies Law does not describe the substance of this duty.
In a recent amendment to the Companies Law, it has been specified that in the event that a controlling shareholder breaches his duty of fairness then such breach shall be considered as a breach of contract, mutatis mutandis, while taking into account the special position of such controlling shareholder within the company.
Material Contracts
Neither we nor any of our subsidiaries has entered into any material contracts, other than contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business, during the two years immediately preceding publication of this document excepting the agreements relating to the investment of Charter and the related arrangements with Mr. Nakar. See the sections entitled “Major Shareholders” and “Related Party Transactions” and “Compensation” in the section entitled “Directors, Senior Management and Employees” in this report.
Israeli Exchange Control Laws
The Government of Israel has promulgated a general permit under the Israeli Currency Control Law. Pursuant to such general permit, substantially all transactions in foreign currency are permitted. Any dividends or other distributions paid in respect of ordinary shares and any amounts payable upon our dissolution, liquidation or winding up of our affairs, as well as the proceeds of any sale in Israel of our securities to an Israeli resident are freely exchangeable into non-Israeli currencies at the appropriate rate of exchange prevailing at the time of conversion, provided that Israeli income tax has been paid on (or withheld from) such payments. Because exchange rates between the NIS and the U.S. dollar fluctuate continuously, U.S. shareholders will be subject to any such currency fluctuation during the period from when such dividend is declared through the date payment is made in U.S. dollars.
Taxation
Israeli Tax Considerations
The following is a summary of the current tax law applicable to companies in Israel, with special reference to its effect on us. The following also contains a discussion of specified Israeli Government programs benefiting us. To the extent that the discussion is based on tax legislation that has not been subject to judicial or administrative interpretation, we cannot assure you that the views expressed in the discussion will be accepted by the authorities in question.
The Israeli statutory corporate tax rate on taxable business income until the fiscal year of 2003 was 36%. On June 29, 2004, and on August 10, 2005 the Israeli Parliament passed the Amendment to the Income Tax Ordinance (No. 140 and No. 147 Temporary Provision), which progressively reduces the tax rates applicable to companies from 35% in 2004 to a rate of 29% in 2007. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the effective tax rate payable by a company (such as us), which derives income from an “Approved Enterprise” may be considerably less. See the section entitled “Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959” in this report.
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As of December 31, 2006, we had operating loss carryforwards for tax purposes in the amount of $3,971,000. The amount of our carryforward operating losses will be offset against taxable future income for an indefinite period.
As of December 31, 2006 the foreign subsidiaries had operating loss carryforwards for tax purposes in the amount of $ 4,449,000. A portion of such losses expires over a period from 2007 through 2019.
Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959
General
The Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959, or the Investment Law, provides that capital investments in certain production facilities (or other eligible assets) may, upon application to the Israel Investment Center, be designated as an “Approved Enterprise.” Each certificate of approval for an Approved Enterprise relates to a specific investment program in the Approved Enterprise, delineated both by the financial scope of the investment and by the physical characteristics of the facility or other asset.
Tax Benefits
Income derived from an Approved Enterprise is taxed at lower company tax rates than would otherwise be applicable. The period of tax benefits commences in the first year in which the Approved Enterprise generates taxable income and continues for a maximum of seven consecutive years, but such period ends not later than the twelfth year from commencement of production or the fourteenth year from the date of approval of such enterprise, whichever is earlier. Since we have not yet generated taxable income, the period of benefits to which we are entitled as an Approved Enterprise has not yet begun.
We have elected to apply the so-called “Alternative Benefits Program” with respect to our income from Approved Enterprises. Under this program, the undistributed income derived from the Approved Enterprise is exempt from company tax with respect to business income for a defined period of time. The period of tax exemption ranges between 2 and 10 years, depending upon the location within Israel and the type of the Approved Enterprise. Because we are located in Tel Aviv, the period of tax exemption applicable is two years. On expiration of the exemption period, the Approved Enterprise would be eligible for beneficial tax rates otherwise available for Approved Enterprises under the Investment Law for the remainder of the otherwise applicable benefits period.
In addition, a company that qualifies as a “Foreign Investors’ Company” is entitled to further reductions in the tax rate otherwise applicable to Approved Enterprises. Subject to certain conditions, a Foreign Investors’ Company is a company, which has more than 25% of its share capital (in terms of rights to profits, voting and the appointment of directors) and of its combined share and loan capital owned by persons who are not residents of Israel. The benefits enjoyed by a Foreign Investors’ Company depend on the percentage of share capital owned by non-residents, which percentage is determined for any tax year by the lowest percentage of any of the above rights held by non-residents during that year. A Foreign Investors’ Company pays tax at reduced rates ranging from 25% to 10% over a ten-year period, commencing the year in which each such Approved Enterprise first generates taxable income (rather than the otherwise applicable seven-year period discussed above). As of December 31, 2005, we are qualified as a Foreign Investors’ Company.
For a company with foreign investment of:
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| | Company Tax Rate | |
| |
| |
Over 25% but less than 49% | | | 25 | % | |
49% or more but less than 74% | | | 20 | % | |
74% or more but less than 90% | | | 15 | % | |
90% or more | | | | | |
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Dividends paid out of income derived by an Approved Enterprise are generally subject to withholding tax at the rate of 15% (compared to the standard rate of 25%), and the same rate will also be applicable to distributions made by a company out of dividends which it had received out of income derived by an Approved Enterprise. The rate of 15% is limited to those dividends and distributions paid out of income earned during the seven to ten-year benefits period provided that such dividends and distributions are actually received by the shareholders at any time up to 12 years after the expiration of the seven-year period discussed above. This limitation does not apply to the exemption period.
A company such as us, which has elected to participate in the Alternative Benefits Program and pays a dividend from income derived by an Approved Enterprise during the tax exemption period under the Alternative Benefits Program, would be liable for company tax in respect of the gross amount distributed (i.e., the amount of the dividend grossed-up to include corporate and income tax payable or withheld with respect to the dividend) at the rate that would have been applicable had the Alternative Benefits Program not been elected (25%). The tax rate on dividends distributed by the Company to foreign residents may be reduced according to the tax rate of the tax treaty between Israel and the country in which such individuals reside.
The tax benefits derived from a certificate of approval for an Approved Enterprise relate only to taxable income attributable to the Approved Enterprise and are conditioned upon fulfillment of the conditions stipulated by the Investment Law, the regulations promulgated thereunder and the criteria set forth in the certificate of approval. In the event of our failure to comply with these conditions, the tax benefits could be cancelled in whole or in part, and we would be required to refund the amount of the cancelled benefits with the addition of CPI linkage differences and interest. We believe that our Approved Enterprises operate in substantial compliance with all such conditions and criteria.
In the event that only a part of a company’s taxable income is derived from an Approved Enterprise or the company operates under more than one approval, its effective corporate tax rate is equal to a weighted average of the various applicable rates. A company owning “mixed enterprises” (i.e., a company whose income is derived from both an Approved Enterprise and other sources) may not distribute a dividend attributable only to the Approved Enterprise alone. Subject to certain provisions concerning income subject to the Alternative Benefits Program, all dividends are considered to be attributable to the entire enterprise, and the effective tax rate is equal to a weighted combination of the various applicable tax rates. We anticipate that the Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments will be subject to substantial revision during 2005.
On April 1, 2005, an amendment to the Investment Law came into effect (the “Amendment”) significantly changed the provisions of the Investment Law. The Amendment limits the scope of enterprises which may be approved by the Investment Center by setting criteria for the approval of a facility as an Approved Enterprise, such as provisions generally requiring that at least 25% of the Approved Enterprise’s income be derived from export. Additionally, the Amendment enacted major changes in the manner in which tax benefits are awarded under the Investment Law so that companies no longer require Investment Center approval in order to qualify for tax benefits.
However, the Investment Law provides that terms and benefits included in any certificate of approval already granted will remain subject to the provisions of the law as they were on the date of such approval. Therefore, our existing Approved Enterprise will generally not be subject to the provisions of the Amendment. As a result of the amendment, tax-exempt income generated under the provisions of the new law will subject the Company to taxes upon distribution or liquidation and the Company may be required to record deferred tax liability with respect to such tax-exempt income. As of December 31, 2005, the Company did not generate income under the provision of the new law.
Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 1969
We currently qualify as an “Industrial Company” within the definition of the Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 1969 and are, therefore, entitled to certain benefits, which are described below.
Under the Industry Encouragement Law, a company qualifies as an “Industrial Company” if it is resident in Israel and at least 90% of its income in any tax year, determined in NIS (exclusive of income from government compulsory defense loans, capital gains, interest, and dividends), is derived from Industrial Enterprises owned by that company. An “Industrial Enterprise” is defined as an enterprise whose major activity in a particular tax year is industrial production activity. Pursuant to the Industry Encouragement Law, an Industrial Company is entitled, under certain conditions, to an annual deduction of 12.5% of the purchase price of patents or certain other intangible property rights for each of the first eight years from the tax year in which it commenced use of such intangible property rights.
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Eligibility for the benefits under the Industry Encouragement Law is not conditioned upon the receipt of prior approval from any Israeli Government authority. No assurance can be given that we will continue to qualify as an Industrial Company or will in the future be able to avail ourselves of any benefits under the Industry Encouragement Law.
Taxation under Inflationary Conditions and Dollar Regulations
Under the Income Tax (Inflationary Adjustments) Law, 1985 (“the Israeli law”), results for tax purposes in Israel are measured in real terms, in accordance with the changes in the Israeli Consumer Price Index (“Israeli CPI”). Accordingly, until 2002, results for tax purposes were measured in terms of earnings in NIS after certain adjustments for increases in the Israeli CPI. Commencing in taxable year 2003, the Company has elected to measure its taxable income and file its tax return under the Israeli Income Tax Regulations (Principles Regarding the Management of Books of Account of Foreign Invested Companies and Certain Partnerships and the Determination of Their Taxable Income), 1986. Such an elective obligates the Company for three years. Accordingly, commencing taxable year 2003, results for tax purposes are measured in terms of earnings in dollars.
Tax Benefits and Government Support for Research and Development
Israel’s tax law permits, under certain circumstances, a tax deduction for expenditures (including capital expenditures) in scientific research and development projects in the year incurred, if the expenditures are approved by the relevant Israeli Government Ministry (determined by the field of research) and the research and development is for the promotion of the enterprise and is carried out by or on behalf of the company seeking such deduction. Expenditures not so approved are deductible over a three-year period. We have taken such deductions in the past for research and development costs expended on projects so approved and expect to continue to have such deductions available to it in the future.
Capital Gains Tax
Israeli law generally imposes a capital gains tax on the sale of capital assets located in Israel, including shares in Israeli companies, by both residents and non-residents of Israel, unless a specific exemption is available or unless a tax treaty between Israel and the shareholder’s country of residence provides otherwise. The law distinguishes between real gain and inflationary surplus. The inflationary surplus is equal to the increase in the purchase price of the relevant asset attributable solely to the increase in the Israeli consumer price index between the date of purchase and the date of sale. The real gain is the excess of the total capital gain over the inflationary surplus.
Prior to the tax reform (came into effect in January 1, 2003), sales of our ordinary shares by individuals were generally exempt from Israeli capital gains tax so long as (i) our ordinary shares were listed on certain stock exchanges, including the NASDAQ Capital Market and the Boston Stock Exchange, or listed on a stock exchange in a country appearing on a list approved by the Controller of Foreign Currency and (ii) we qualified as an Industrial Company.
Israeli law generally imposes a capital gains tax on the sale of capital assets located in Israel, including shares in Israeli resident companies, unless a specific exemption is available or unless a treaty between Israel and the country of the non-resident provides otherwise. An individual is subject to a 20% tax rate on real capital gains derived from the sale of shares, as long as the individual has not demanded a deduction of interest and linkage differences in connection with the purchase and holding of the securities; and as long as the individual is not a substantial shareholder of the company issuing the shares, which is generally a shareholder with 10% or more of the right to profits, the right to nominate a director and voting rights. A substantial shareholder (or a shareholder who has demanded a deduction of interest and linkage differences) will be subject to tax at a rate of 25% on real capital gains derived from the sale of shares issued by the company. The determination of whether the individual is a substantial shareholder will be made on the date that the securities are sold. In addition, the individual will be deemed to be a substantial shareholder if at any time during the twelve months preceding this date he or she had been a substantial shareholder. The foregoing tax rates, however, will not apply to dealers in securities.
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Corporations are subject to corporate tax rates in respect of capital gains from the sale of shares in Israeli publicly traded companies. As described above in “—General Corporate Tax Structure,” recent changes in the law reduced the corporate tax rate from 31% in 2006 to 29% in 2007, 27% in 2008, 26% in 2009 and 25% in 2010. Between 2006 and 2009, however, corporations whose taxable income was not determined immediately before the 2006 Tax Reform was published, pursuant to part B of the Israeli Income Tax Law (Inflationary Adjustments), 1985, or pursuant to the Income Tax Regulations (Rules on Bookkeeping by Foreign Invested Companies and Certain Partnership and Determination of their Chargeable Income), 1984, or the Dollar Regulations, will generally be taxed at a rate of 25% on their capital gains from the sale of their shares.
Non-Israeli residents shall be exempt from Israeli capital gains tax on any gains derived from the sale of shares of Israeli companies publicly traded on a recognized stock exchange outside of Israel, provided such shareholders did not acquire their shares prior to an initial public offering. However, non-Israeli corporations will not be entitled to such exemption if an Israeli resident (i) has a controlling interest of 25% or more in such non-Israeli corporation, or (ii) is the beneficiary or is entitled to 25% or more of the revenues or profits of such non-Israeli corporation, whether directly or indirectly.
In any event, the provisions of the tax reform shall not affect the exemption from capital gains tax for gains accrued before January 1, 2003, as described above.
Taxation of Non-Residents of Israel
Individuals who are non-residents of Israel are subject to a graduated income tax on income derived from sources in Israel, unless such non-residents are subject to other rules under an applicable treaty and unless the capital gains were derived from sales of shares in an Industrial Company, as described above. On the distribution of dividends other than bonus shares (stock dividends), income tax at the rate of 25% (15% in the case of dividends distributed from the taxable income attributable to an Approved Enterprise) is required to be withheld at source unless a different rate is provided for in a treaty between Israel and the shareholder’s country of residence. The U.S.-Israel Tax Treaty provides for a maximum tax of 25% on dividends paid to a Treaty U.S. Resident. Other tax treaties provide different withholding tax rates.
United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
Subject to the limitations described in the next paragraph, the following discussion describes the material United States federal income tax consequences to a holder of the company’s ordinary shares, referred to for purposes of this discussion as a “U.S. Holder,” that is:
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| • | citizen or resident of the United States; |
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| • | corporation (or entity treated as a corporation for U.S. tax purposes) created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States or of any state; |
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| • | an estate, the income of which is includible in gross income for United States federal income tax purposes regardless of its source; or |
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| • | a trust, if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust. |
In addition, certain material aspects of United States federal income tax relevant to a holder other than a U.S. Holder, referred to as a “Non-U.S. Holder,” are discussed below.
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This summary is for general information purposes only. It does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to each person’s decision to purchase ordinary shares.
This discussion is based on current provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), current and proposed Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, and administrative and judicial decisions as of the date hereof, all of which are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis. This discussion does not address all aspects of United States federal income taxation that may be relevant to any particular shareholder based on such shareholder’s individual circumstances. In particular, this discussion considers only U.S. Holders that will own ordinary shares as capital assets and does not address the potential application of the alternative minimum tax or United States federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders that are subject to special treatment, including U.S. Holders that:
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| • | are broker-dealers or insurance companies; |
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| • | have elected mark-to-market accounting; |
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| • | are tax-exempt organizations; |
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| • | are financial institutions or “financial services entities”; |
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| • | hold ordinary shares as part of a straddle, “hedge” or “conversion transaction” with other investments; |
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| • | own directly, indirectly or by attribution at least 10% of our voting power; or |
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| • | have a functional currency that is not the U.S. dollar. |
In addition, this discussion does not address any aspect of state, local or non-United States tax laws.
Additionally, the discussion does not consider the tax treatment of persons who hold ordinary shares through a partnership or other pass-through entity or the possible application of United States federal gift or estate tax.
Each holder of ordinary shares is advised to consult such person’s own tax advisor with respect to the specific tax consequences to such person of purchasing, holding or disposing of the company’s ordinary shares.
Taxation of ordinary shares
Taxation of Dividends Paid On Ordinary Shares
A U.S. Holder will be required to include in gross income as ordinary income the amount of any distribution paid on ordinary shares, including any Israeli taxes withheld from the amount paid, to the extent the distribution is paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits as determined for United States federal income tax purposes. Distributions in excess of such earnings and profits will be applied against and will reduce the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the ordinary shares and, to the extent in excess of such basis, will be treated as gain from the sale or exchange of ordinary shares.
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A non-corporate U.S. Holder that meets certain eligibility requirements may qualify for a 15% or lower rate of U.S. federal income taxation on dividends paid in taxable years beginning before January 1, 2009 if the Company is a “qualified foreign corporation” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Company generally will be treated as a “qualified foreign corporation” if (i) the Company is eligible for benefits under the income tax treaty between the United States and Israel (the “Treaty”), or (ii) the ordinary shares are listed on an established securities market in the United States. Because the Company should be eligible for benefits under the Treaty, the Company should currently be treated as a qualified foreign corporation, and the Company generally expects to be a qualified foreign corporation during all taxable years before 2009. However, no assurance can be given that a change in circumstances will not affect the Company’s treatment as a qualified foreign corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes in any taxable year. In addition, a non-corporation U.S. Holder will not be eligible for the reduced rate (a) if such U.S. Holder has not held the ordinary shares for at least 61 days of the 120-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the ex-dividend rate, (b) to the extent the U.S. Holder is under an obligation to make related payments on substantially similar or related property, or (c) with respect to any portion of a dividend that is taken into account by the U.S. Holder as investment income under Section 163(d)(4)(B) of the Code. Any days during which the U.S. Holder has diminished its risk of loss with respect to the ordinary shares (for example, by holding an option to sell the ordinary shares), are not counted towards meeting the 61-day holding period. Non-corporate U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors concerning whether dividends received by them qualify for the reduced rate of tax.
U.S. Holders will include in their gross income any dividend paid in NIS in an amount equal to the U.S. dollar value of the NIS received, calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date the dividends are received, regardless of whether the dividend payments are actually converted into U.S. dollars. U.S. Holders will have a tax basis in any NIS distributed by the Company equal to the U.S. dollar value of the NIS on the date of receipt. Generally, any gain or loss resulting from exchange rate fluctuations during the period from the date the U.S. Holder includes the dividend payment in income to the date the payment is converted into U.S. dollars will be treated as ordinary income or loss and will be U.S. source income or loss for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.
U.S. Holders may have the option of claiming the amount of any Israeli income taxes withheld at source either as a deduction from gross income or as a dollar-for-dollar credit against their United States federal income tax liability. Individuals who do not claim itemized deductions, but instead utilize the standard deduction, may not claim a deduction for the amount of the Israeli income taxes withheld, but such amount may be claimed as a credit against the individual’s United States federal income tax liability. The amount of foreign income taxes which may be claimed as a credit in any year is subject to complex limitations and restrictions, which must be determined on an individual basis by each shareholder. Distributions of current or accumulated earnings and profits will be foreign source passive income for United States foreign tax credit purposes and will not qualify for the dividends received deduction available to corporations. The total amount of allowable foreign tax credits in any year cannot exceed regular U.S. tax liability for the year attributable to foreign source taxable income. A U.S. Holder will be denied a foreign tax credit with respect to Israeli income tax withheld from dividends received on the ordinary shares to the extent such U.S. Holder has not held the ordinary shares for at least 16 days of the 30-day period beginning on the date which is 15 days before the ex-dividend date or to the extent such U.S. Holder is under an obligation to make related payments with respect to substantially similar or related property. Any days during which a U.S. Holder has substantially diminished its risk of loss on the ordinary shares are not counted toward meeting the 16-day holding period required by the statute.
Taxation of the Disposition of Ordinary Shares
Upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of ordinary shares, a U.S. Holder will recognize capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between such U.S. Holder’s basis in the ordinary shares, which is usually the cost of such shares, and the amount realized on the disposition. Capital gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of ordinary shares held more than one year is long-term capital gain. Gains and losses recognized by a U.S. Holder on a sale, exchange or other disposition of ordinary shares will be treated as United States source income or loss for United States foreign tax credit purposes. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.
Tax Consequences if the Company is a Passive Foreign Investment Company
The Company will be a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, if 75% or more of its gross income in a taxable year, including the pro rata share of the gross income of any company, U.S. or foreign, in which it is considered to own 25% or more of the shares by value, is passive income. Alternatively, the company will be considered to be a PFIC if at least 50% of its assets in a taxable year, averaged over the year and ordinarily determined based on fair market value and including the pro rata share of the assets of any company in which it is considered to own 25% or more of the shares by value, are held for the production of, or produce, passive income. Passive income includes amounts derived by reason of the temporary investment of funds raised in the company’s public offerings. If the company were a PFIC, and a U.S. Holder did not make an election to treat the company as a “qualified electing fund” (as described below):
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| | |
| • | Excess distributions by us to a U.S. Holder would be taxed in a special way. “Excess distributions” are amounts received by a U.S. Holder with respect to the company’s stock in any taxable year that exceed 125% of the average distributions received by such U.S. Holder from us in the shorter of either the three previous years or such U.S. Holder’s holding period for ordinary shares before the present taxable year. Excess distributions must be allocated ratably to each day that a U.S. Holder has held the company’s stock. A U.S. Holder must include amounts allocated to the current taxable year in its gross income as ordinary income for that year. A U.S. Holder must pay tax on amounts allocated to each prior taxable year at the highest rate in effect for that year on ordinary income and the tax is subject to an interest charge at the rate applicable to deficiencies for income tax. |
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| • | The entire amount of gain that was realized by a U.S. Holder upon the sale or other disposition of ordinary shares will also be rated as an excess distribution and will be subject to tax as described above. |
| | |
| • | A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in shares of the company’s stock that were acquired from a decedent would not receive a step-up to fair market value as of the date of the decedent’s death but would instead be equal to the decedent’s basis, if lower. |
The special PFIC rules described above will not apply to a U.S. Holder if the U.S. Holder makes an election to treat the company as a “qualified electing fund” (“QEF”) in the first taxable year in which the U.S. Holder owns ordinary shares and if the company complies with certain reporting requirements. Instead, a shareholder of a qualified electing fund is required for each taxable year to include in income a pro rata share of the ordinary earnings of the qualified electing fund as ordinary income and a pro rata share of the net capital gain of the qualified electing fund as long-term capital gain, subject to a separate election to defer payment of taxes, which deferral is subject to an interest charge. The Company has agreed to supply U.S. Holders with the information needed to report income and gain pursuant to a QEF election in the event the company is classified as PFIC. The QEF election is made on a shareholder-by-shareholder basis and can be revoked only with the consent of the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS. A shareholder makes a QEF election by attaching a completed IRS Form 8621, including the PFIC annual information statement, to a timely filed United States federal income tax return. Even if a QEF election is not made, a shareholder in a PFIC who is a U.S. person must file a completed IRS Form 8621 every year.
A U.S. Holder of PFIC stock which is publicly traded could elect to mark the stock to market annually, recognizing as ordinary income or loss each year an amount equal to the difference as of the close of the taxable year between the holder’s fair market value of the PFIC stock and the adjusted basis in the PFIC stock. Losses would be allowed only to the extent of net mark-to-market gain previously included by the U.S. Holder under the election for prior taxable years. If the mark-to-market election were made, then the rules set forth above would not apply for periods covered by the election.
The Company believes that it was not a PFIC in 2006. However, the tests for determining PFIC status are applied annually, and it is difficult to make accurate predictions of future income and assets which are relevant to this determination. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the Company will not become a PFIC. If the company determines that it has become a PFIC, it will notify its U.S. Holders and provide them with the information necessary to comply with the QEF rules. U.S. Holders who hold ordinary shares during a period when the Company is a PFIC will be subject to the foregoing rules, even if the Company ceases to be a PFIC, subject to certain exceptions for U.S. Holders who made a QEF election. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors about the PFIC rules, including the consequences to them of making a mark-to-market or QEF election with respect to the Company’s ordinary shares in the event that the Company qualifies as a PFIC.
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Tax Consequences for Non-U.S. Holders of Ordinary Shares
Except as described in the section entitled “Information Reporting and Back-up Withholding”, a Non-U.S. Holder of ordinary shares will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on the payment of dividends on, and the proceeds from the disposition of, ordinary shares, unless:
| | |
| • | such item is effectively connected with the conduct by the Non-U.S. Holder of a trade or business in the United States and, in the case of a resident of a country which has a treaty with the United States, such item is attributable to a permanent establishment or, in the case of an individual, a fixed place of business, in the United States; |
| | |
| • | the Non-U.S. Holder is an individual who holds the ordinary shares as a capital asset and is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the disposition and does not qualify for an exemption; or |
| | |
| • | the Non-U.S. Holder is subject to tax pursuant to the provisions of United States tax law applicable to U.S. expatriates. |
Information Reporting and Back-up Withholding
U.S. Holders generally are subject to information reporting requirements with respect to dividends paid in the United States on ordinary shares. U.S. Holders are also generally subject to back-up withholding on dividends paid in the United States on ordinary shares unless the U.S. Holder provides IRS Form W-9 or otherwise establishes an exemption. U.S. Holders are subject to information reporting and back-up withholding at a rate of 28% on proceeds paid from the disposition of ordinary shares unless the U.S. Holder provides IRS Form W-9 or otherwise establishes an exemption.
Non-U.S. Holders generally are not subject to information reporting or back-up withholding with respect to dividends paid on, or upon the disposition of, ordinary shares, provided that such non-U.S. certifies to its foreign status, or otherwise establishes an exemption.
The amount of any back-up withholding will be allowed as a credit against a U.S. or Non-U.S. Holder’s United States federal income tax liability and may entitle such holder to a refund, provided that certain required information is furnished to the IRS.
Documents on Display
We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, applicable to foreign private issuers and fulfill the obligations with respect to such requirements by filing reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You may read and copy any document we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission without charge at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Certain of our SEC filings are also available to the public at the SEC’s website athttp://www.sec.gov. Copies of such material may be obtained by mail from the Public Reference Branch of the Securities and Exchange Commission at such address, at prescribed rates. Please call the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. In addition, all corporate documents are available for review at our headquarters, 2 Habarzel Street, Ramat Hahayal, Tel Aviv 69710, Israel.
As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules under the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements, and our officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and “short-swing” profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. In addition, we are not required under the Exchange Act to file periodic reports and financial statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission as frequently or as promptly as United States companies whose securities are registered under the Exchange Act. However, we generally publicly announce our quarterly and year-end results periodically, and file certain periodic information with the Securities and Exchange Commission under cover of Form 6-K.
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ITEM 11. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
Market risk represents the risk of changes in the value of our financial instruments caused by fluctuations in interest rates, foreign exchange rates and equity prices. Because our short-term investments exceed short-term and long-term debt, our exposure to interest rate risk and exchange rate fluctuations relates primarily to our investments.
The Company does not utilize financial instruments for trading purposes and holds no derivative financial instruments that could expose it to significant market risk.
We maintain operations and generate revenues in a number of countries. The results of operations and the financial position of our local operations are generally reported in the relevant local currencies and then translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable exchange rates for inclusion in our consolidated financial statements, exposing us to currency translation risk. In addition, we are exposed to currency transaction risk because some of our expenses are incurred in a different currency from the currency in which our revenues are received. Our most significant currency exposures are to the Euro, New Israeli Shekel, UK Pound and Japanese Yen. In periods when the U.S. dollar strengthens against these other currencies, our reported results of operations may be adversely affected. Although from time to time we purchase forward exchange contracts to reduce currency transaction risk, these purchases will not eliminate translation risk or all currency risk.
Based upon historical U.S. dollar currency movement, the Company does not believe that reasonably possible near-term changes in the U.S. dollar currency of 10% will result in a material effect on future earnings, financial position or cash flows of the company.
PART II
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ITEM 13. | DEFAULTS, DIVIDENDS, ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES |
None.
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ITEM 14. | MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS |
None.
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ITEM 15. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, we recognize that any such controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.
Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2006. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of such date were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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ITEM 16A. | AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT |
The Board of Directors has determined that Victor Halpert, a member of our audit committee, is an audit committee financial expert and is independent pursuant to the rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market. See Mr. Halpert’s biography in Item 6.
We have in place a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all directors, officers and employees. This code, as applied to TIS’ principal financial officers (i.e. our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller or persons performing similar functions), is our “code of ethics” within the meaning of Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules promulgated thereunder. This code is also our “code of conduct” within the meaning of Nasdaq Rule 4350(n). The full text of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available at our Internet website athttp://www.topimagesystems.com.
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ITEM 16C. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEE AND SERVICES |
Audit Fees
During 2003, the Board of Directors appointed Kost Forer Gabbay and Kasierer, an independent registered accounting firm (a member of Ernst & Young Global) (“EY”) to audit our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 succeeding Somekh Chaikin (a member firm of KPMG International) (“KPMG”).
The aggregate fees billed by EY for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements included in this Annual Report and other services in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were $136,000 and $109,000 respectively.
The aggregate fees billed by KPMG for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements included in this Annual Report and other services in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, and 2005 were $0 and $47,000 respectively.
Tax Fees
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 the aggregate fees billed for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning by EY were $24,000 and $13,000 each.
Non-Audit services
For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 the aggregate fees billed by EY for other non-audit professional services, other than those services listed above, were $12,000 and $18,000, respectively. Such services were comprised of accounting and other consultation.
Effective May 6, 2003, the Securities and Exchange Commission adopted rules that require that before KPMG and EY are engaged by our subsidiaries or us to render any auditing or permitted non-audit related service, the engagement be:
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| • | approved by our audit committee; or |
| | |
| • | entered into pursuant to pre-approval policies and procedures established by the audit committee, provided the policies and procedures are detailed as to the particular service, the audit committee is informed of each service, and such policies and procedures do not include delegation of the audit committee’s responsibilities to management. |
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In certain instances, the Securities and Exchange Commission does not require pre-approval.
The audit committee has considered the nature and amount of the fees billed by KPMG and Ernst & Young, and believes that the provision of the services for activities unrelated to the audit is compatible with maintaining KPMG’s and Ernst & Young’s independence.
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ITEM 16D. | EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS OF AUDIT COMMITTEES |
Not applicable.
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ITEM 16E. | PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS |
Not applicable.
PART III
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ITEM 17. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
The Company has elected to provide Financial Statements pursuant to Item 18.
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ITEM 18. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
See pages F-1 through F-35.
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Number | | Description |
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|
1.1 | | Amended and restated Articles of Association of the Company dated October 27, 2003 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 1.1 to the Company’s annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003). |
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1.2 | | Memorandum of Association of the Company (incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 (registration number 333-05718). |
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2.1 | | Form of Warrant issuable in connection with the Securities Purchase Agreement between the Company and the Purchasers named therein, dated as of June 10, 2004 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s current report on Form 6-K filed June 10, 2004). |
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4.1 | | Top Image Systems Ltd. Employee Share Option Plan (2000) (incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.1 to the Company registration statement on Form S-8 filed on December 19, 2002). |
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4.2 | | Form of Stock Option Agreement covering grants to individuals dated August 20, 1996 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (registration number 333-11560)) |
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4.3 | | Employee Agreement between the Company and Ido Schechter (incorporated by reference to exhibit 10.4(f) to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form F-1 (registration number 333-05718)). |
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4.4 | | English translation of an Employment Agreement between the Company and Arie Rand (incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.25 to the Company’s annual report on Form 20-F (registration number 001-14552)). |
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Number | | Description |
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|
4.5 | | Preemptive Rights Agreement, dated as of May 8, 2000, between the Company and Izhak Nakar (incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.34 to the Company’s annual report on Form 20-F (registration number 001-14552)). |
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4.6 | | English translation of Employment Agreement between the Company and Oded Leiba dated March 19, 2001 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.37 to the Company’s annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001). |
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4.7 | | Value-Added Reseller Agreement for ODT Document Technologies’ Products between the Company and Océ Document Technologies dated August 2, 2001 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.39 to the Company’s annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001). |
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4.8 | | Securities Purchase Agreement between the Company and the Purchasers named therein, dated as of June 10, 2004 (incorporated by reference to exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s current report on Form 6-K filed June 10, 2004). |
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4.9 | | Top Image Systems Ltd. Israeli Share Option Plan (2003) (incorporated by reference to exhibit 4.48 to the Company’s annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003). |
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4.10 | | Business Transfer Agreement between the Company and Toyo Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd., dated as of August, 2004. |
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4.11 | | English summary of the terms and conditions of Convertible Debentures Issued December 27, 2006. |
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8 | | List of Subsidiaries. |
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10. *** | | Letter of Indemnification of Directors and Officers |
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12.1 | | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 15 U.S.C. Section 7241, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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12.2 | | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 15 U.S.C. Section 7241, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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13.1 | | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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13.2 | | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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14.1 | | Consent of Kost Forer Gabbay & Kasierer – member of Ernst & Young Global. |
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15.1 | | Audit Committee Charter (incorporated by reference to exhibit 14.3 to Company’s annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2003). |
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SIGNATURES
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
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| TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. |
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| By: | /s/ Ido Schechter |
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|
| | Name: Ido Schechter |
| | Title: Chief Executive Officer |
Date:April 2, 2007
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2006
IN U.S. DOLLARS
INDEX
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TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2006
U.S. DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS
INDEX
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders of
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Top Image Systems Ltd. (“the Company”) and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006. These financial statements are the responsibility of Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005 and 2006, and the related consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 2n to the consolidated financial statements, in 2006, the Company adopted Statement Financial Accounting Standard Board No. 123(R), “Share Based Payment”.
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Tel-Aviv, Israel | KOST FORER GABBAY & KASIERER |
March 30, 2007 | A Member of Ernst & Young Global |
F – 2
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TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS |
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U.S. dollars in thousands |
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| | December 31, | |
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| | 2005 | | 2006 | |
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ASSETS | | | | | | | |
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CURRENT ASSETS: | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 8,200 | | $ | 6,195 | |
Short term deposits | | | - | | | 3,000 | |
Marketable securities (Note 3) | | | 1,805 | | | 12,597 | |
Trade receivables (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $ 412 and $ 436 at December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively) | | | 6,802 | | | 7,642 | |
Other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses (Note 4) | | | 622 | | | 1,120 | |
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Total current assets | | | 17,429 | | | 30,554 | |
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LONG-TERM ASSETS: | | | | | | | |
Severance pay fund | | | 654 | | | 717 | |
Long-term deposits (Note 10b(2)) | | | 135 | | | 136 | |
Property and equipment, net (Note 5) | | | 577 | | | 588 | |
Other intangible assets and deferred issuance costs, net (Note 6) | | | 1,100 | | | 1,835 | |
Goodwill | | | 465 | | | 465 | |
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Total long-term assets | | | 2,931 | | | 3,741 | |
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Total assets | | $ | 20,360 | | $ | 34,295 | |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F – 3
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TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS |
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U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data) |
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| | December 31, | |
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| | 2005 | | 2006 | |
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LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | |
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CURRENT LIABILITIES: | | | | | | | |
Short-term bank loans (Note 7) | | $ | 2,179 | | $ | 339 | |
Trade payables | | | 900 | | | 397 | |
Accrued expenses and other accounts payable (Note 8) | | | 2,213 | | | 2,966 | |
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Total current liabilities | | | 5,292 | | | 3,702 | |
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LONG-TERM LIABILITIES | | | | | | | |
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Convertible debentures (Note 9) | | | - | | | 14,197 | |
Accrued severance pay | | | 850 | | | 1,016 | |
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Total long-term liabilities | | | 850 | | | 15,213 | |
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COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND CHARGES (Note 10) | | | | | | | |
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SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Note 12): | | | | | | | |
Share capital: | | | | | | | |
Ordinary shares of NIS 0.04 par value - | | | | | | | |
Authorized: 125,000,000 shares at December 31, 2005 and 2006; Issued and outstanding: 8,777,366 and 8,845,241 shares at December 31, 2005 and 2006, respectively | | | 97 | | | 98 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 29,561 | | | 29,921 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (15,440 | ) | | (14,639 | ) |
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Total shareholders’ equity | | | 14,218 | | | 15,380 | |
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Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | | $ | 20,360 | | $ | 34,295 | |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F – 4
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TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS |
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U.S. dollars in thousands (except share and per share data) |
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| | Year ended December 31, | |
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| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
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Revenues (Note 13): | | | | | | | | | | |
Products | | $ | 6,964 | | $ | 9,888 | | $ | 12,144 | |
Services | | | 4,214 | | | 6,932 | | | 8,080 | |
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Total revenues | | | 11,178 | | | 16,820 | | | 20,224 | |
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Cost of revenues: | | | | | | | | | | |
Products | | | *) 492 | | | *) 2,225 | | | 2,391 | |
Services | | | *) 2,980 | | | *) 4,538 | | | 5,257 | |
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Total cost of revenues | | | 3,472 | | | 6,763 | | | 7,648 | |
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Gross profit | | | 7,706 | | | 10,057 | | | 12,576 | |
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Operating costs and expenses: | | | | | | | | | | |
Research and development | | | 929 | | | 1,312 | | | 1,792 | |
Selling and marketing | | | 4,547 | | | 5,396 | | | 6,695 | |
General and administrative | | | 2,576 | | | 3,470 | | | 3,568 | |
Liquidated damages related to September 2004 investment | | | - | | | 164 | | | - | |
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Total operating costs and expenses | | | 8,052 | | | 10,342 | | | 12,055 | |
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Operating income (loss) | | | (346 | ) | | (285 | ) | | 521 | |
Financial income (expenses), net (Note 15) | | | 178 | | | (146 | ) | | 325 | |
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Income (loss) before taxes on income | | | (168 | ) | | (431 | ) | | 846 | |
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Taxes on income | | | - | | | 30 | | | 45 | |
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Net income (loss) | | $ | (168 | ) | $ | (461 | ) | $ | 801 | |
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Basic and diluted net earnings (loss) per share (Note 14) | | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | 0.09 | |
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Weighted average number of shares used in computation of net earnings (loss) per share: | | | | | | | | | | |
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Basic | | | 6,905,559 | | | 8,764,222 | | | 8,819,857 | |
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Diluted | | | 6,905,559 | | | 8,764,222 | | | 9,032,354 | |
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F – 5
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TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
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STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
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U.S. dollars in thousands |
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| | Share capital | | Additional paid-in capital | | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | | Accumulated deficit | | Comprehensive income (loss) | | Total | |
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Balance at January 1, 2004 | | | 73 | | | 22,380 | | | (3 | ) | | (14,811 | ) | | | | | 7,639 | |
Net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities | | | - | | | - | | | 1 | | | - | | $ | 1 | | | 1 | |
Net loss | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | (168 | ) | | (168 | ) | | (168 | ) |
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Comprehensive loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (167 | ) | | | |
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Issuance of shares and warrants, net | | | 23 | | | 6,960 | | | - | | | - | | | | | | 6,983 | |
Exercise of stock options | | | 1 | | | 239 | | | - | | | - | | | | | | 240 | |
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Balance at December 31, 2004 | | | 97 | | | 29,579 | | | (2 | ) | | (14,979 | ) | | | | | 14,695 | |
Net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities | | | - | | | - | | | 2 | | | - | | $ | 2 | | | 2 | |
Net loss | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | (461 | ) | | (461 | ) | | (461 | ) |
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Comprehensive loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | (459 | ) | | | |
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Issuance expenses | | | - | | | (77 | ) | | - | | | - | | | | | | (77 | ) |
Exercise of stock options | | | *) - | | | 15 | | | - | | | - | | | | | | 15 | |
Employee stock-based compensation related to acceleration of vesting | | | - | | | 44 | | | - | | | - | | | | | | 44 | |
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Balance at December 31, 2005 | | | 97 | | | 29,561 | | | - | | | (15,440 | ) | | | | | 14,218 | |
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Net income | | | - | | | - | | | - | | | 801 | | $ | 801 | | | 801 | |
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Comprehensive income | | | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 801 | | | | |
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Exercise of stock options | | | 1 | | | 117 | | | - | | | - | | | | | | 118 | |
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Employee stock based compensation | | | - | | | 243 | | | - | | | - | | | | | | 243 | |
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Balance at December 31, 2006 | | $ | 98 | | $ | 29,921 | | $ | - | | $ | (14,639 | ) | | | | $ | 15,380 | |
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*) Represents an amount lower than $ 1.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F – 6
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TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS |
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U.S. dollars in thousands |
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| | Year ended December 31, | |
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| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
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Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $ | (168 | ) | $ | (461 | ) | $ | 801 | |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Non-cash stock-based compensation expenses | | | - | | | 44 | | | 243 | |
Interest on short-term bank loans | | | - | | | 3 | | | - | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 270 | | | 524 | | | 541 | |
Amortization of deferred issuance costs | | | - | | | - | | | 1 | |
Accrued severance pay, net | | | (4 | ) | | 10 | | | 103 | |
Gain from marketable securities, net | | | (1 | ) | | (3 | ) | | (8 | ) |
Interest and amortization of discount on convertible debentures | | | - | | | - | | | 8 | |
Increase in trade receivables, net | | | (935 | ) | | (1,261 | ) | | (840 | ) |
Increase in other accounts receivable and prepaid expenses | | | (153 | ) | | (56 | ) | | (498 | ) |
Increase (decrease) in trade payables | | | 99 | | | 495 | | | (515 | ) |
Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses and other accounts payable | | | (182 | ) | | 284 | | | 603 | |
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Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | (1,074 | ) | | (421 | ) | | 439 | |
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Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
Acquisition of business activity (a) | | | (1,763 | ) | | - | | | - | |
Payment of accrued expenses on account of acquisition | | | - | | | (73 | ) | | (114 | ) |
Purchase of property and equipment | | | (416 | ) | | (164 | ) | | (252 | ) |
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities | | | 138 | | | 279 | | | - | |
Increase in short term deposits | | | - | | | - | | | (3,000 | ) |
Purchase of marketable securities | | | (138 | ) | | (1,800 | ) | | (10,784 | ) |
Decrease (increase) in long-term deposits | | | (61 | ) | | 12 | | | (1 | ) |
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Net cash used in investing activities | | | (2,240 | ) | | (1,746 | ) | | (14,151 | ) |
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Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
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Proceeds from exercise of stock options | | | 240 | | | 15 | | | 118 | |
Increase (decrease) in short-term bank loans, net | | | 115 | | | 469 | | | (1,840 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of shares, net | | | 7,240 | | | - | | | - | |
Proceeds from issuance of convertible debenture, net | | | - | | | - | | | 13,510 | |
Payment of accrued issuance expenses | | | - | | | (253 | ) | | (81 | ) |
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Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 7,595 | | | 231 | | | 11,707 | |
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Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 4,281 | | | (1,936 | ) | | (2,005 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year | | | 5,855 | | | 10,136 | | | 8,200 | |
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Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | | $ | 10,136 | | $ | 8,200 | | $ | 6,195 | |
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The accompanying notes and appendix are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F – 7
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TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS |
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U.S. dollars in thousands |
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| | Year ended December 31, | |
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| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
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Supplemental disclosure of cash flows activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
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Cash paid during the year for: | | | | | | | | | | |
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Tax | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | 40 | |
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Interest | | $ | 72 | | $ | 97 | | $ | 121 | |
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Non-cash activities: | | | | | | | | | | |
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Accrued issuance expenses | | $ | 257 | | $ | - | | $ | - | |
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Accrued expenses on account of acquisition | | $ | 202 | | $ | - | | $ | - | |
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Accrued issuance expenses of convertible debenture | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | 357 | |
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(a) Acquisition of business activity: | | | | | | | | | | |
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Net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date: | | | | | | | | | | |
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Identifiable intangible assets | | $ | 1,500 | | | | | | | |
Goodwill | | | 465 | | | | | | | |
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Accrued expenses on account of acquisition | | | (202 | ) | | | | | | |
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The accompanying notes and appendix are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F – 8
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TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
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U.S. dollars in thousands |
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| a. | Business and organization: |
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| | Top Image Systems Ltd. (“TIS” or “the Company”) is engaged in the development and marketing of a variety of information recognition systems and technologies and automated document capture solutions for the efficient flow of information within and between organizations. The Company’s software minimizes the need for manual data entry by automatically capturing, reading, understanding, identifying, processing, classifying and routing the information contained in documents, increasing data capture accuracy and the rate of information processing. The Company’s shares are traded on the National Association of Securities Dealers’ Quotation (“NASDAQ”) in the United States and on the Tel-Aviv Stock Exchange (“TASE”). |
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| | As for information regarding the principal customers of the Company, see Note 13b. |
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| b. | The Company’s marketing and sales activities are conducted through its wholly owned subsidiaries in the U.S., U.K, Germany and Japan. |
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| c. | In August 2004, the Company signed a definitive agreement with Toyo Ink Mfg. Co. Ltd. (“Toyo”) which was, until then, the Company’s distributor in Japan, to acquire through its newly established Japanese subsidiary(“TISJ”), certain assets comprising the Toyo’s business of distributing the Company’s products in Japan. The consideration for the acquisition amounted to $ 1,965 (including $ 465 in transaction costs). In addition, the Company agreed to pay Toyo an annual amount equivalent to five percent (5%) of the total annual sales of TISJ in Japan derived from licensing and customization of software to the customers transferred to TISJ by Toyo for two years from the closing. The payment of the annual amount is contingent on the continuance of service by certain employees that Toyo assigned to TISJ. As of December 31, 2006, the Company has no obligation to pay any royalties. |
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| | Pursuant to the agreement, Toyo transferred certain assets including intellectual rights, customers and maintenance agreements from Toyo EDMS division to TISJ. TISJ also received the rights to distribute the Japanese localized version of TISJ products. Certain employees from Toyo’ professional team had been assigned to TISJ for a period of two years. |
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| | The results of operations of the acquired business have been included in the financial statements of the Company since the date of acquisition. |
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| | Allocation of the purchase consideration: |
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| Identifiable intangible assets | | $ | 1,500 | |
| Goodwill | | | 465 | |
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| Total assets acquired | | $ | 1,965 | |
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F – 9
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TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
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U.S. dollars in thousands |
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| The following are the identifiable intangible assets acquired and the respective periods over which the assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis: |
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| Technology | | $ | 750 | | | 5 | |
| Customer relations | | | 750 | | | 5 | |
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| | | $ | 1,500 | | | | |
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| | See Note 6 for expected amortization expenses. |
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| | For the year ended December 31, 2004, the revenues and net income included in the consolidated financial statements in respect of the acquired business amounted to $ 531 and $ 136, respectively. |
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NOTE 2: – | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
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| The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“U.S. GAAP”), applied on a consistent basis, as follows: |
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| a. | Use of estimates: |
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| | The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
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| b. | Principles of consolidation: |
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| | The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Intercompany balances and transactions including profit from intercompany sales not yet realized outside the Group, have been eliminated upon consolidation. |
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| c. | Financial statements in United States dollars: |
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| | A majority of the revenues of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries are generated in U.S. dollars (“dollar”). In addition, a substantial portion of the Company’s costs is incurred in dollars. The majority of the Company’s financing is in dollars. The Company’s management believes that the dollar is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company and its subsidiaries operate. Thus, the functional and reporting currency of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries are the dollar. |
F – 10
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TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
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NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
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U.S. dollars in thousands |
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NOTE 2: – | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT.) |
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| | Accordingly, monetary accounts maintained in currencies other than the dollar are remeasured into dollars in accordance with SFAS No. 52, “Foreign Currency Translation” (“SFAS No. 52”). All transaction gains and losses of the remeasurement of monetary balance sheet items are reflected in the statements of operations as financial income or expenses, as appropriate. |
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| d. | Cash equivalents: |
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| | Cash equivalents are short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash with maturities of three months or less, at the date acquired. |
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| e. | Short-term deposits: |
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| | Short-term deposits include deposits with original maturities of more than three months and less than one year which presented at cost, including accrued interest. The deposits are in U.S. dollars and bear interest at an annual rate of 5.32% for the year ended December 31, 2006. |
| | |
| f. | Marketable securities: |
| | |
| | Marketable securities consist of auction rate securities and commercial papers. |
| | |
| | The Company accounts for investments in marketable securities in accordance with SFAS No. 115, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (“SFAS No. 115”). Management determines the appropriate classification of its investments in marketable debt securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such determinations at each balance sheet date. Debt securities are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value. |
| | |
| | Unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in shareholders’ equity. |
| | |
| | Auction rate securities and commercial papers are reported at fair value, which approximates cost due to the interest rate reset feature of these securities. As such, no unrealized gains or losses related to these securities were recognized during the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005. |
| | |
| g. | Long-term deposits: |
| | |
| | Consist mainly of long-term prepaid expenses for motor vehicle and rent leasing. |
F – 11
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands |
| |
NOTE 2: – | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT.) |
| | |
| h. | Property and equipment, net: |
| | |
| | Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets at the following annual rates: |
| | | |
| | | Years |
| | |
|
| Computers and peripheral equipment | | 3 |
| Office furniture and equipment | | 7 - 15 |
| Leasehold improvements | | Over the shorter of the lease term |
| | | or useful economic life |
| | |
| i. | Impairment of long-lived assets: |
| | |
| | The Company’s long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“SFAS No. 144”) whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. As of December 31, 2005 and 2006, no impairment indicators have been identified. |
| | |
| j. | Goodwill: |
| | |
| | Goodwill represents the excess of the costs over the net assets of businesses acquired. Under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (“SFAS No. 142”), goodwill is not amortized as of January 1, 2002. |
| | |
| | SFAS No. 142 requires goodwill to be tested for impairment at least annually or between annual tests in certain circumstances, and written down when impaired. Goodwill attributable to one reporting unit is tested for impairment by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value. Fair value is determined using discounted cash flows. Significant estimates used in the methodologies include estimates of future cash flows, future short-term and long-term growth rates and weighted average cost of capital for each of the reportable units. As of December 31, 2005 and 2006, no impairment indicators have been identified. |
F – 12
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands |
| |
NOTE 2: – | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.) |
| | |
| k. | Other intangible assets: |
| | |
| | Intangible assets are comprised of acquired technology customer relations, and deferred issuance cost. The acquired technology and customer relations are amortized over their useful life using a method of amortization that reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible assets are consumed or otherwise used up. Acquired technology and customer relations are amortized on a straight line basis over a period of five years. |
| | |
| l. | Convertible debentures: |
| | |
| | Convertible debentures are accounted for in accordance with the provisions of EITF Issue No. 05-2, “The Meaning of Conventional Convertible Debt Instruments”, APB 14, “Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt issued with Stock Purchase Warrants”, and related pronouncements. |
| | |
| | Under these pronouncements, the Company recorded the convertible debentures as long-term liabilities, and did not bifurcate the conversion option. |
| | |
| | The discount on the convertible debentures will be amortized to interest expenses from the commitment date to the stated maturity date using the interest method. |
| | |
| | Cost incurred in respect of issuance expenses of debentures is deferred and amortized as a component of interest expense over the contractual life of the debenture using the effective interests method. |
| | |
| m. | Revenue recognition: |
| | |
| | The Company derives its revenues mainly from sales of products and services. Product revenues include mainly sales of software and, to a lesser extent, the related hardware. Revenues from services include maintenance and technical support, consulting and training |
| | |
| | The Company accounts for software sales in accordance with Statement of Position No. 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition” (“SOP No. 97-2”), as amended by Statement of Position 98-9, “Modifications of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition with Respect to Certain Transactions”. SOP No. 97-2 generally requires revenues earned from software arrangements involving multiple elements to be allocated to each element based on the relative fair values of the elements determined by the vendor’s specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value. Revenues are recognized under the “residual method” when VSOE of fair value exists for all undelivered elements and VSOE of fair value does not exist for all of the delivered elements, and when all SOP No. 97-2 criteria for revenue recognition are met. |
| | |
| | Revenue from license fees is recognized when persuasive evidence of an agreement exists, delivery of the product has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is probable. |
| | |
| | Maintenance and support revenue is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the maintenance and support agreement. The VSOE of fair value of the undelivered elements (maintenance, support and services) included in multiple element arrangements is determined based on the price charged for the undelivered element when sold separately or renewed. |
F – 13
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands |
| |
NOTE 2: – | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.) |
| | |
| | Hardware sales are recognized when the product is delivered to the customer. Because the software is not essential to the functionality of the unrelated equipment, the equipment is not considered software-related and, therefore, is excluded from the scope of SOP 97-2, therefore it is recognized according to SAB 104 when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exist, delivery has occurred, the vendor’s fee is fixed or determinable, no further obligation exists and collectibility is probable.. |
| | |
| | Arrangements that include consulting/professional services are evaluated to determine whether those services are essential to the functionality of other elements of the arrangement. When consulting services are not considered essential, the revenue allocable to the consulting services is recognized as the services are performed. |
| | |
| | If services are considered essential to the functionality of other elements of the arrangement, revenues from software licenses that require significant customization, integration and installation are recognized using contract accounting based on Statement of Position No.81-1, on the percentage of completion method, in accordance with the “Input Method”, provided that the revenues are fixed or can be reasonably estimated, collection is probable, costs related to performing the work are determinable or can be reasonably determined, there is no substantial uncertainty regarding the ability of the Company to complete the contract and to meet the contractual terms. The percentage of completion is determined based on the ratio of actual cost to total estimated cost. As for contracts in which a loss is anticipated, a provision is recorded for the full amount of the expected loss, in the period in which such losses are first determined. As of December 31, 2006, no such estimated losses were identified. |
| | |
| | Deferred revenues represent mainly unearned amounts received under technical support and maintenance arrangements that are paid by customers and not yet recognized as revenues. |
| | |
| n. | Accounting for stock-based compensation: |
| | |
| | On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123(R)”) which requires the measurement and recognition of compensation expense based on estimated fair values for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors. SFAS 123(R) supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”), for periods beginning in fiscal 2006. In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”) relating to SFAS 123(R). The Company has applied the provisions of SAB 107 in its adoption of SFAS 123(R). |
| | |
| | SFAS 123(R) requires companies to estimate the fair value of equity-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense over the requisite service periods in the Company’s consolidated income statement. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), the Company accounted for equity-based awards to employees and directors using the intrinsic value method in accordance with APB 25 as allowed under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”). |
F – 14
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands |
| | |
NOTE 2: – | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT.) |
| | |
| | The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) using the modified prospective transition method, which requires the application of the accounting standard starting from January 1, 2006, the first day of the Company's fiscal year 2006. Under that transition method, compensation cost recognized in the year ended December 31, 2006, includes: compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of Statement 123(R). Results for prior periods have not been restated. |
| | |
| | The Company recognizes compensation expenses for the value of its awards, which have graded vesting based on the straight line method over the requisite service period of each of the awards, net of estimated forfeitures. Estimated forfeitures are based on actual historical pre-vesting forfeitures. |
| | |
| | As a result of adopting SFAS 123(R) on January 1, 2006, the Company’s income before income taxes and net income for the year ended December 31, 2006, is $ 145 lower than if it had continued to account for stock-based compensation under APB 25. Basic and diluted net loss per share for the year ended December 31, 2006, are $ 0.02 lower, than if the Company had continued to account for share-based compensation under APB 25. |
| | |
| | Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company applied the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock options as prescribed by APB 25, whereby compensation expense is equal to the excess, if any, of the quoted market price of the stock over the exercise price at the grant date of the award. |
| | |
| | The Company estimates the fair value of stock options granted using the Monte-Carlo option-pricing model. The option-pricing model requires a number of assumptions, of which the most significant are, expected stock price volatility, and the contractual option term. Expected volatility was calculated based upon actual historical stock price movements over the most recent periods ending on the grant date, equal to the contractual term of the option. The Company has historically not paid dividends and has no foreseeable plans to issue dividends. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield from U.S. Treasury zero-coupon bonds with an equivalent term. |
| | |
| | The fair value for of the Company's stock options granted to employees and directors was estimated at using the following assumptions: |
| | | | | |
| | | Year ended December 31, 2006 | |
| | |
| |
| | | % | |
| | |
| |
| | | | | |
| Dividend yield | | | 0% | |
| Expected volatility | | | 33% - 85% | |
| Risk-free interest rate | | | 4.75% | |
| Contractual term of up to | | | 10 years | |
| Forfeiture rate | | | 13.4% | |
| Suboptimal exercise multiple | | | 2.06 | |
F – 15
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands |
| | |
NOTE 2: – | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT.) |
| |
| | The pro-forma table below reflects the Company’s net stock based compensation expense, net income (loss) and basic and diluted loss per share for the years ended December 31 2004 and 2005, had the Company applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123, as follows: |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | Year ended December 31, | |
| | |
| |
| | | 2004 | | 2005 | |
| | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| Net loss - as reported | | $ | 168 | | $ | 461 | |
| Deduct: stock-based compensation expense recognized under APB 25 | | | - | | | (44 | ) |
| Add: stock-based compensation expense determined under fair value method for all awards | | | 178 | | | 815 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| Pro forma net loss: | | $ | 346 | | $ | 1,232 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| Net loss per share: | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Basic and diluted net loss per share, as reported | | $ | 0.02 | | $ | 0.05 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| Pro forma basic and diluted net loss per share | | $ | 0.05 | | $ | 0.14 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| For purpose of pro-forma disclosures, stock-based compensation is estimated using a Black-Scholes option pricing model and amortized over the vesting period using the accelerated attribution method.
The fair value for of the Company’s stock options granted to employees and directors was estimated at using the following weighted-average assumptions:
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| |
| |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | |
| |
| |
| |
| | % | |
| |
| �� |
| | | | | | | | |
| Dividend yield | | | 0% | | | 0% | |
| Expected volatility | | | 84% | | | 107% | |
| Risk-free interest rate | | | 3.14% | | | 4.25% | |
| Expected life of up to | | | 4 years | | | 3.36 years | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Pro-forma compensation expense under SFAS 123, among other computational differences, does not consider potential pre-vesting forfeitures. Because of these differences, the pro-forma stock based compensation expense presented above for the prior years ended December 31 2004 and 2005 under SFAS 123 and the stock based compensation expense recognized during the current year ended December 31 2006 under SFAS 123(R) are not directly comparable. |
F – 16
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands |
| | |
NOTE 2: – | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Cont.) |
| | |
| | During the year ended December 31 2006, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense related to employee stock options in the amount of $ 243, as follows: |
| | | | | |
| | | Year ended December 31, 2006 | |
| | |
| |
|
| Cost of revenue | | $ | 30 | |
| Research and development | | | 30 | |
| Selling and marketing | | | 44 | |
| General and administrative | | | 139 | |
| | |
|
| |
| | | | | |
| Total Stock-based compensation expense | | $ | 243 | |
| | |
|
| |
| | |
| o. | Research and development costs: |
| | |
| | Research and development costs, are charged to the statement of operations as incurred. Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 86, “Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased or Otherwise Marketed” (“SFAS No. 86”), requires capitalization of certain software development costs subsequent to the establishment of technological feasibility. |
| | |
| | Based on the Company's product development process, technological feasibility is established upon completion of a working model. Costs incurred by the Company between completion of the working model and the point at which the products are ready for general release have been insignificant. Therefore, all research and development costs have been expensed. |
| | |
| p. | Royalty-bearing grants: |
| | |
| | Royalty-bearing grants from the Government of Israel for funding approved research and development projects are recognized at the time the Company is entitled to such grants, on the basis of the costs incurred and included as a reduction in research and development costs. No research and development grants were received during the years 2002 through 2006. Total royalties paid amounted to $ 15, $ 1 and $ 0 in 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively and were recorded as part of the cost of revenues. |
| | |
| q. | Basic and diluted net earnings (loss) per share: |
| | |
| | Basic net earnings (loss) per share is computed based on the weighted average number of Ordinary shares outstanding during each year. Diluted net earnings (loss) per share is computed based on the weighted average number of Ordinary shares outstanding during each year, plus the dilutive potential of Ordinary shares considered outstanding during the year, in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per Share” (“SFAS No. 128”). |
F – 17
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands |
| |
NOTE 2: – | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT.) |
| | |
| | Part of the outstanding stock options and warrants has been excluded from the calculation of the diluted net earnings (loss) per share because such securities are anti-dilutive for 2004, 2005 and 2006. The weighted average number of shares related to the outstanding options and warrants excluded from the calculations of diluted net earnings (loss) per share was 1,781,563, 1,819,003 and 1,408,999 for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. |
| | |
| r. | Income taxes: |
| | |
| | The Company and its subsidiaries account for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“SFAS No. 109”). This Statement prescribes the use of the liability method whereby deferred tax assets and liability account balances are determined based on differences between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The Company and its subsidiaries provide a valuation allowance, if necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value. |
| | |
| s. | Concentrations of credit risk: |
| | |
| | Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company and its subsidiaries to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and trade receivables. |
| | |
| | The Company’s cash and cash equivalents are invested primarily in deposits with major banks worldwide, however, such cash and cash equivalents in the United States may be in excess of insured limits and are not insured in other jurisdictions. Management believes that the financial institutions that hold the Company’s investments are financially sound, and accordingly, minimal credit risk exists with respect to these investments. |
| | |
| | The Company’s marketable securities include investments in auction rate securities guaranteed by U.S. government. Management believes that those corporations and governments are financially sound and that the portfolios are well-diversified, and accordingly, minimal credit risk exists with respect to these marketable securities. |
| | |
| | Trade receivables of the Company and its subsidiaries are derived from sales to customers located primarily in the U.S., Europe, Japan and Israel. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers. An allowance for doubtful accounts is determined with respect to those amounts that the Company has determined to be doubtful of collection. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, the Company recorded expenses for doubtful accounts in the amounts of $ 436, $ 408 and $ 577, respectively. |
| | |
| t. | Derivative instruments: |
| | |
| | Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“SFAS No. 133”), requires companies to recognize all of its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and further, on the type of hedging relationship. |
F – 18
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands |
| |
NOTE 2: – | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT.) |
| | |
| | All of the Company's derivative instruments were not designated as hedging instruments as such the gain or loss is recognized in other income/expense in current earnings during the period of change. |
| | |
| u. | Severance pay: |
| | |
| | The Company’s liability for severance pay is calculated pursuant to Israel’s Severance Pay Law, based on the most recent salary of the employees multiplied by the number of years of employment, as of the balance sheet date. Employees are entitled to one month’s salary for each year of employment or a portion thereof. The Company’s liability for all of its employees in Israel is fully provided by monthly deposits with insurance policies and by an accrual. The value of these policies is recorded as an asset in the Company’s balance sheet. |
| | |
| | The deposited funds include profits accumulated up to the balance sheet date. The deposited funds may be withdrawn only upon the fulfillment of the obligation pursuant to Israel’s Severance Pay Law or labor agreements. The value of the deposited funds is based on the cash surrendered value of these policies, and includes immaterial profits. |
| | |
| | Severance expenses for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 amounted to approximately $ 94, $ 102 and $ 107, respectively. |
| | |
| v. | Fair value of financial instruments: |
| | |
| | The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company and its subsidiaries in estimating their fair value disclosures for financial instruments: |
| | |
| | The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and other accounts receivable, short-term bank credit, trade payables and other accounts payable approximate their fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. |
| | |
| | The fair values for marketable securities are based on quoted market prices and do not differ from carrying amounts (see also Note 3). |
| | |
| | The carrying amount of the Company’s long-term borrowing approximates its fair value. The fair value was estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, based on the Company’s incremental borrowing rates for similar type of borrowing arrangements. |
| | |
| w. | Advertising expenses: |
| | |
| | Advertising expenses are charged to selling and marketing expenses, as incurred. Advertising expenses for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 were $ 175, $ 91 and $ 189, respectively. |
F – 19
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands |
| |
NOTE 2: – | SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONT.) |
| | |
| x. | Reclassification: |
| | |
| | Certain comparative data in these financial statements have been reclassified to confirm with current year’s presentation. |
| | |
| y. | Impact of recently issued Accounting Standards: |
| | |
| | In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation 48, “Accounting for Income Tax Uncertainties” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 defines the threshold for recognizing the benefits of tax return positions in the financial statements as “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the taxing authority. The recently issued literature also provides guidance on derecognition, measurement and classification of income tax uncertainties, along with any related interest and penalties. FIN 48 also includes guidance concerning accounting for income tax uncertainties in interim periods and increases the level of disclosures associated with any recorded income tax uncertainties. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The differences between the amounts recognized in the statements of financial position prior to the adoption of FIN 48 and the amounts reported after adoption will be accounted for as a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to the beginning balance of retained earnings. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of FIN 48 on its consolidated financial statements. |
| | |
| | In September 2006, FASB issued SFAS no. 157, "Fair Value Measurements" ("SFAS No. 157"). SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company's management believes SFAS No. 157 will not have a material effect on its financial statements.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS No. 159”). SFAS No. 159 permits companies to choose to measure certain financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. SFAS No. 159 requires that unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected be reported in earnings. SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years, although earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 159 will have on its consolidated financial statements. |
| |
NOTE 3: – | MARKETABLE SECURITIES |
| |
| As of December 31, 2006 the Company invests in marketable securities, with maturity no longer then 28 days, which are classified as available-for-sale. The securities were recorded as of December 31, 2006 in amortized cost that equal to the market value. No unrealized gains were recorded. |
| |
NOTE 4: – | OTHER ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND PREPAID EXPENSES |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | December 31, | |
| | |
| |
| | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| Government authorities | | $ | 316 | | $ | 306 | |
| Prepaid expenses and others | | | 250 | | | 716 | |
| Employees | | | 56 | | | 98 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | $ | 622 | | $ | 1,120 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
F – 20
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands |
| |
NOTE 5: – | PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | December 31, | |
| | |
| |
| | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| Cost: | | | | | | | |
| Computers and peripheral equipment | | $ | 1,674 | | $ | 1,895 | |
| Furniture and office equipment | | | 465 | | | 488 | |
| Leasehold improvements | | | 139 | | | 147 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 2,278 | | | 2,530 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| Accumulated depreciation: | | | | | | | |
| Computers and peripheral equipment | | | 1,383 | | | 1,554 | |
| Furniture and office equipment | | | 229 | | | 291 | |
| Leasehold improvement | | | 89 | | | 97 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 1,701 | | | 1,942 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| Depreciated cost | | $ | 577 | | $ | 588 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| |
| Depreciation expense amounted to $ 189 and $ 205 and $ 241 for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. |
| |
| As to charges, see Note 9c(1). |
| |
NOTE 6: – | OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND DEFERRED ISSUANCE COSTS |
| | |
| Other intangible assets arose from the acquisition of the business from Toyo in August 2004 (see Note 1b), and of convertible debentures issuance costs. |
| |
| a. | Identifiable intangible assets: |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | December 31, | |
| | |
| |
| | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | |
| Original amount: | | | | | | | |
| Customer relations | | $ | 750 | | $ | 750 | |
| Acquired technology | | | 750 | | | 750 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 1,500 | | | 1,500 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| Accumulated amortization: | | | | | | | |
| Customer relations | | | 200 | | | 350 | |
| Acquired technology | | | 200 | | | 350 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | 400 | | | 700 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| Amortized cost | | | 1,100 | | | 800 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| Deferred issuance costs, net | | | - | | | 1,035 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | $ | 1,100 | | $ | 1,835 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
F – 21
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands |
| | |
NOTE 6: – | OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND DEFERRED ISSUANCE COSTS (Cont.) |
| |
| b. | Amortization expenses amounted to $ 81, $ 319 and $ 301 for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. Issuance costs allocated to the convertible debenture, in the amount of $ 1,036, were recorded as deferred charges and were amortized to interest expenses from the commitment date to the stated redemption date using the interest method (see Note 9). |
| | |
| | As of December 31, 2006, the amortization of the deferred issuance cost amounted to $ 1. |
| | |
| c. | Estimated amortization expenses of intangible assets for the year ended: |
| | | | | | |
| December 31, | | | Other intangible assets | |
|
| | |
| |
| | | | | |
| 2007 | | $ | 300 | |
| 2008 | | | 300 | |
| 2009 | | | 200 | |
| | |
NOTE 7: – | SHORT–TERM BANK LOANS |
| |
| a. | Composition: |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Interest rate | | December 31, | |
| | |
| |
| |
| | | 2005 | | 2006 | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | % | | | | | | | |
| | |
| | | | | | | |
| Short-term bank loans: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| In NIS | | 5.8 | | - | | $ | 740 | | $ | - | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Short-term bank credit: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| In NIS (1) | | Prime + 1% | | - | | | 85 | | | - | |
| In U.S. dollars (2) | | Libor + 2% | | Libor + 2% | | | 1,354 | | | 339 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | 1,439 | | | 339 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | $ | 2,179 | | $ | 339 | |
| | | | | | | | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | |
| | (1) | As of December 31, 2005, the prime rate is 5.5%. |
| | | |
| | (2) | As of December 31, 2005 and 2006, the Libor rate is 4.375% and 5.36%, respectively. |
| | | |
| | The Company has a revolving line of credit with banks for total borrowings of up to $ 2,300, based on 75% of its trade receivables. The line of credit is secured by a charge (see Note 10c(2)). |
| | |
| b. | Interest expenses amounted to $ 72, $ 100 and $ 121 for the years ended 2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively. |
F – 22
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| |
NOTE 8: – | ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER ACCOUNTS PAYABLE |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | December 31, | |
| | |
| |
| | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | |
| |
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| Employees and payroll accruals | | $ | 172 | | $ | 176 | |
| Government authorities | | | 575 | | | 778 | |
| Provision for accrued vacation pay | | | 254 | | | 331 | |
| Deferred revenues | | | 440 | | | 704 | |
| Accrued expenses and other | | | 772 | | | 977 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | $ | 2,213 | | $ | 2,966 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
| |
NOTE 9: – | CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES |
| | |
| In December 2006, the Company issued an aggregate amount of $14,780 Convertible debentures in a discount of 4% by way of public offering in the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange. The Convertible debenture terms include an offering of 112,500 units of 528 New Israeli Shekel par value each, linked to the dollar and carry an annual interest rate of 6 months Libor minus 0.3%. The debentures’ principal will be repaid in 4 annual installments commencing on December 31, 2009 and the interest is payable semi-annually commencing on June 30, 2007. |
| |
| The debentures may be converted into Ordinary shares of the Company in a ratio of 20.3 New Israeli Shekel par values for each Ordinary share (subject to adjustments). The Company has the right to force the conversion on the debentures holders, when and if its share fair market value shall reach 25.5 New Israeli Shekels in the last 30 trading days in TASE on or after October 1, 2009. |
| |
NOTE 10: – | COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND CHARGES |
| |
| a. | Legal proceedings: |
| | |
| | Lawsuits have been lodged against the Company in the ordinary course of business in insignificant amounts. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously against those lawsuits. Management cannot predict the outcome of the lawsuits nor can they make any estimate of the amount of damages; therefore, no provision has been made for the lawsuits. |
F – 23
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| | | |
NOTE 10: – | COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND CHARGES (Cont.) |
| |
| b. | Commitments: |
| | |
| | 1. | With respect to the participation of the Israeli Government in software research and development costs, the Company is committed to pay to the Government royalties at the rate of 2%-3.5% of revenues from sale of itsFormOut! Software, up to a maximum of 150% of the amount of participation received, linked to the dollar, plus interest at the LIBOR rate. |
| | | |
| | | The Company’s total outstanding obligation in respect of royalty-bearing government participation received or accrued, net of royalties paid or accrued, amounted to $ 69 as of December 31, 2006. |
| | | |
| | | Royalties payable to the Office of the Chief Scientist of Israel’s Ministry of Industry and Trade (“the OCS”) are classified as part of cost of revenues. |
| | | |
| | 2. | The Company has entered into operating lease agreements for the lease of a fleet of 32 motor vehicles. The leasing deposits are presented in the long-term deposits. Each lease is for a period of three years with monthly payments linked to the Israeli CPI. As of December 31, 2006, commitments are as follows: |
| | | | | |
| 2007 | | $ | 218 | |
| 2008 | | | 151 | |
| 2009 | | | 46 | |
| | |
|
| |
| | | | | |
| Total | | $ | 415 | |
| | |
|
| |
| | | |
| | 3. | The Company leases offices for its activities. The remaining obligation periods range from one year to three years including extension periods. As of December 31, 2006, commitments for such leases are as follows: |
| | | | | |
| 2007 | | $ | 516 | |
| 2008 | | | 318 | |
| 2009 | | | 156 | |
| 2010 | | | 156 | |
| 2011 | | | 156 | |
| 2012 | | | 156 | |
| | |
|
| |
| | | | | |
| Total | | $ | 1,458 | |
| | |
|
| |
| | | |
| | | Part of the lease agreements is secured by a bank guarantee in the amount of $ 56. |
| | | |
| | 4. | In 2004, the Company renewed an engagement under which it has the right to use third-party software during fiscal years 2005 and 2006. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company agreed to pay an annual license fee equal to the greater of $ 300 and 2.75% of related sales. The amount is due in four quarterly payments for each year. During the years 2005 and 2006, the Company paid annual fees of $ 300, which were recorded as part of cost of revenues. |
F – 24
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| | | |
NOTE 10: – | COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND CHARGES |
| | | |
| c. | Charges: |
| | | |
| | 1. | To secure compliance with the conditions related to the Company’s “Approved Enterprise” status, the Company registered a floating charge on machinery, equipment and other assets. The charge is unlimited in amount and it may not be further pledged or transferred without the prior consent of the beneficiaries. |
| | | |
| | 2. | To secure revolving credit facilities from a bank, the Company recorded a floating charge on its plant, assets and rights in favor of this bank. |
| | | |
NOTE 11: – | TAXES ON INCOME |
| | | |
| a. | Israeli income taxes: |
| | | |
| | 1. | The Law for the Encouragement of Capital Investments, 1959 (“the Law”): |
| | | |
| | | According to the Law, the companies are entitled to various tax benefits by virtue of the “approved enterprise” status granted to part of their enterprises, as defined by this Law. |
| | | |
| | | In March 2005, the Israeli Parliament passed the Arrangements Law for fiscal year 2005, which includes a broad and comprehensive amendment to the provisions of the above Law (“Amendment No. 60 to the Law”). |
| | | |
| | | The Company’s production facilities in Israel have been granted “Approved Enterprise” status under the above Law. The Company has a program with three expansions, according to the “Alternative Benefits Track”. The main benefit arising from such status is the reduction in tax rates on income derived from “Approved Enterprises”. Consequently, the Company is entitled to a two-year tax exemption and five to eight years of tax at a reduced rate of 10%-25%, based on the percentage of foreign investment in the Company. Since the Company has had no taxable income, the benefits have not yet commenced for any of the programs. |
| | | |
| | | The period of tax benefits, for each program as detailed above, is subject to limit of 12 years from the completion of the investment or commencement of production, or 14 years from receipt of the approval, whichever is earlier. Please note that the years' limitation does not apply to the exemption period. |
| | | |
| | | The Company received approvals for the first program and tree of its expansions during the years 1990, 1991, 1999 and 2000, of which the first two programs have already expired. The period of benefits for the second and third expansion has not yet commenced. |
F – 25
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| | |
NOTE 11: – | TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.) |
| | |
| | The entitlement to the above benefits is conditional upon the Company’s fulfilling the conditions stipulated by the above Law, regulations published thereunder and the letters of approval for the specific investments in “approved enterprises”. In the event of failure to comply with these conditions, the benefits may be canceled and the Company may be required to refund the amount of the benefits, in whole or in part, including interest. As of December 31, 2006, management believes that the Company is meeting all of the aforementioned conditions. |
| | |
| | If these retained tax-exempt profits attributable to the “Approved Enterprise” are distributed in a manner other than in the complete liquidation of the Company they would be taxed at the corporate tax rate applicable to such profits as if the Company had not elected the alternative benefits track, currently between 10%-20% for an “Approved Enterprise”. As of December 31, 2006, the accumulated deficit of the Company does not include tax-exempt profits earned by the Company’s “Approved Enterprise”. |
| | |
| | Income from sources other than the “Approved Enterprise” during the benefit period will be subject to tax at the regular corporate tax rate. |
| | |
| | On April 1, 2005, an amendment to the Investment Law came into effect (“the Amendment”) and has significantly changed the provisions of the Investment Law. The Amendment limits the scope of enterprises which may be approved by the Investment Center by setting criteria for the approval of a facility as a “Privileged Enterprise”, such as provisions generally requiring that at least 25% of the “Privileged Enterprise’s” income will be derived from export. Additionally, the Amendment enacted major changes in the manner in which tax benefits are awarded under the Investment Law so that companies no longer require Investment Center approval in order to qualify for tax benefits. |
| | |
| | However, the Investment Law provides that terms and benefits included in any certificate of approval already granted will remain subject to the provisions of the law as they were on the date of such approval. Therefore, the Company’s existing Approved Enterprise will generally not be subject to the provisions of the Amendment. As a result of the amendment, tax-exempt income generated under the provisions of the new law, will subject the Company to taxes upon distribution or liquidation and the Company may be required to record deferred tax liability with respect to such tax-exempt income. As of December 31, 2006, the Company did not generate income under the provisions of the Amendment. |
| | |
| | The dividend distributed by an “Approved Enterprise” and “Privileged Enterprise” will be subject to withholding tax of 15%. |
F – 26
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| | | |
NOTE 11: – | TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.) |
| | | |
| | 2. | Measurement of taxable income: |
| | | |
| | | Commencing in taxable year 2003, the Company has elected to measure its taxable income and file its tax return under the Israeli Income Tax Regulations (Principles Regarding the Management of Books of Account of Foreign Invested Companies and Certain Partnerships and the Determination of Their Taxable Income), 1986. Accordingly, commencing taxable year 2003, results for tax purposes are measured in terms of earnings in dollar. |
| | | |
| | 3. | Tax benefits under the Law for the Encouragement of Industry (Taxes), 1969: |
| | | |
| | | The Company is an “industrial company”, as defined by this law and, as such, is entitled to certain tax benefits, mainly accelerated depreciation of machinery and equipment, as prescribed by regulations published under the Inflationary Adjustments Law, the right to claim public issuance expenses and amortization of patents and other intangible property rights as a deduction for tax purposes. |
| | | |
| | 4. | Corporate tax rates: |
| | | |
| | | Taxable income of Israeli companies is subject to tax at the rate as follows: 2004 - 35%, 2005 - 34%, 2006 - 31%, 2007 - 29%, 2008 - 27%, 2009 - 26%, 2010 and thereafter - 25%. |
| | | |
| | 5. | The Company has received final tax assessments through the year 1999. |
| | | |
| b. | The main reconciling item between the statutory tax rate of the Company and the effective tax rate is the recognition of valuation allowances in respect of deferred taxes relating to accumulated net operating losses carried forward among the various subsidiaries worldwide due to the uncertainty of the realization of such deferred taxes, the effect of the “Approved Enterprise” and undeductible expenses related to option expenses. |
| | | |
| | The tax expenses in 2005 and 2006 in the amount of $ 30 and $ 45, respectively in the financial statements are a result of taxes paid on income of certain subsidiary, due to the transfer pricing arrangement between the companies. |
| | | |
| c. | Carryforward losses: |
| | | |
| | As of December 31, 2006, the Company had operating losses carryforward for tax purposes in the amount of $ 3,971. The amount of the Company’s carryforward operating losses will be offset against taxable future income for an indefinite period. |
| | | |
| | As of December 31, 2006, the subsidiaries had operating losses carryforward for tax purposes in the amount of $ 4,449. A portion of such losses expires over a period from 2007 through 2019. |
F – 27
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| | |
NOTE 11: – | TAXES ON INCOME (Cont.) |
| | |
| d. | Income (loss) before taxes on income: |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| |
| |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Domestic | | $ | (68 | ) | $ | (1,253 | ) | $ | 526 | |
Foreign | | | (100 | ) | | 822 | | | 320 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | (168 | ) | $ | (431 | ) | $ | 846 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | |
| | December 31, | |
| |
| |
| | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | | | |
Carryforward losses | | $ | 2,538 | | $ | 2,158 | |
Accrued severance pay | | | 59 | | | 81 | |
Accrued vacation pay | | | 81 | | | 96 | |
Allowance for doubtful accounts | | | 131 | | | 121 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | |
Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance | | | 2,809 | | | 2,456 | |
Valuation allowance | | | (2,809 | ) | | (2,456 | ) |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | |
Net deferred tax assets | | $ | - | | $ | - | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | |
| | The Group provided valuation allowances in respect of deferred tax assets resulting from losses carryforward and other temporary differences, since it has a history of losses. Management currently believes that it is more likely than not that the deferred taxes will not be realized, in the foreseeable future. |
| | |
NOTE 12: – | SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
| | |
| a. | On September 24, 2004, the Company sold 2,524,351 Ordinary shares of the Company at a purchase price of $ 3.16 per share to institutional investors for gross proceeds of approximately $ 8,000. The Company filed a registration statement which had become effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2005. |
| | |
| | The investors also received warrants to purchase up to 1,262,188 Ordinary shares, with an exercise price of $ 4.26 per share. The warrants expire on September 23, 2007. |
| | |
| | The Company has the right, but not the obligation, to call upon prior notice all or part of the warrants if the market price for the Company’s Ordinary shares exceeds $ 8.52 for 20 consecutive days. If the Company uses this right, it will issue to the holders of the warrants exchange warrants containing the same terms and conditions as the warrants redeemed with an exercise price equal to 120% of the share price on the day immediately proceeding the call date. |
F – 28
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| | | |
NOTE 12: – | SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Cont.) |
| | | |
| | As of December 31, 2006 no warrants were exercised. |
| | | |
| | In connection with the private placement, the Company filed a resale registration statement covering the shares purchased in the private placement (including the shares underlying the warrants). The registration statement became effective on March 1, 2005. However, the Company did not obtain effectiveness of the registration statement within the timeframe set forth in its agreements with the investors, which has subjected the Company to liquidated damages of approximately $ 164 (including interest). In addition, any future failure to maintain effectiveness of the registration statement could subject the Company to additional liquidated damages. |
| | | |
| b. | Employee stock options: |
| | | |
| | 1. | Employee Stock Option Plan (1996): |
| | | |
| | | In September 1996, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted, and the shareholders approved, the Employee Stock Option Plan (1996) (“the ESOP 96”). The ESOP 96 authorizes the granting of options to purchase up to 250,000 Ordinary shares, consisting of options intended to qualify as “incentive stock options” within the meaning of Section 422 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and options not intended to satisfy the requirements for incentive stock options. |
| | | |
| | | As of December 31, 2006, options to purchase 82,625 Ordinary shares are outstanding under the plan at exercise prices between $ 2.31 and $ 4.13 per share. The outstanding options under the Plan become exercisable in four equal parts upon each of the first four anniversaries of the option grant dates. |
| | | |
| | 2. | Employee Stock Option Plan (2000): |
| | | |
| | | The Employee Stock Option Plan (2000) (“the ESOP 2000”) is designed to benefit from, and is made pursuant to, the provisions of Section 102 of Israel’s Income Tax Ordinance (New Version), 1961 and the rules promulgated thereunder (“Section 102”). |
| | | |
| | | A total of 240,000 shares have been reserved for the purposes of the ESOP 2000. As of December 31, 2006, 118,500 options are outstanding. All of the options are vested over a three-year period, and have exercise prices between $ 0.99 and $ 4.125 per share. |
| | | |
| | 3. | Employee Stock Option Plan (2003): |
| | | |
| | | The Employee Stock Option Plan (2003) (“the ESOP 2003”) is designed to benefit from, and is made pursuant to, the provisions of Section 102 of the Israeli Income Tax Ordinance. |
F – 29
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| | | |
NOTE 12: – | SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Cont.) |
| | | |
| | | The Company has reserved the minimum number of 181,242 shares, for the purpose of the ESOP 2003. The minimum number may be increased by the number of expired options from the ESOP 2000 and 96, but not more than an increase of 539,242 shares. Any shares which remain unissued and which are not subject to the outstanding options at the termination of the ESOP |
| | | |
| | | 2003 shall cease to be reserved for the purpose of the ESOP 2003, but until termination of the ESOP 2003 the Company shall at all times reserve a sufficient number of shares to meet the requirements of the ESOP 2003. |
| | | |
| | | In May 2004 and in December 2006, the Board of Directors and the shareholders of the Company approved the additional pool of options to purchase an additional 650,000 and 700,000 Ordinary shares, respectively, pursuant to the ESOP 2003. |
| | | |
| | | As of December 31, 2006, 969,600 options are outstanding. All the options have an exercise price between $ 1.31 and $ 3.84 per share. |
| | | |
| | 4. | As of December 31, 2006, an aggregate amount of 643,317 options is still available for future grant under all of the above mentioned plans. |
| | | |
| c. | On December 30, 2005, the Company decided to accelerate the vesting of 304,830 of its unvested stock options previously awarded to employees and officers of the Company, to purchase the Company’s shares pursuant to one of the Company’s Stock Option Plans, such that, as of December 31, 2005, these outstanding options to purchase any of the Company’s Ordinary shares, were fully vested. |
| | | |
| | As a result of the acceleration, in accordance with FIN 44, the Company recorded additional compensation expenses of $ 44, included in general and administrative expenses. |
| | | |
| | The Company's decision to accelerate the vesting of those options and to grant fully vested options was based primarily upon the issuance of SFAS No. 123R, which will require the Company to treat all unvested stock options as compensation expense, effective January 1, 2006. The Company believes that the accelerated vesting of those options will enable the Company to avoid recognizing stock-based compensation expense associated with these options in future periods. Additional purposes for the fully vested grant and for the acceleration were to make the options more attractive to recipients and to avoid discrimination between groups of option holders, respectively. |
| | | |
| | The impact of vesting accelerating on pro forma stock-based compensation required to be disclosed in the financial statement footnotes under the provisions of SFAS No. 123, was to increase such disclosed compensation cost for the year ended December 31, 2005 by approximately $ 568 (see Note 2n). |
F – 30
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| | | |
NOTE 12: – | SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Cont.) |
| |
| d. | Options to directors: |
| | | |
| | 1. | On November 25, 2002, the shareholders of the Company approved the grant of an option to purchase 20,000 fully vested Ordinary shares at an exercise price of $ 0.46 per share, to the Chairman of the Board of Directors. The exercise price was equal to the market price of the shares on the date of the grant. In August 2005, all the options were exercised. |
| | | |
| | 2. | On December 27, 2006, the shareholders of the Company approved the grant of an option to purchase 125,000 ordinary shares to several members of the board, at an exercise price of $ 3.84 and vesting term of 2 years. |
| | | |
| | The following is a summary of the Company’s stock options granted among the various plans (not including non-plan grants): |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year ended December 31, | |
| |
| |
| | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | Number of options | | Weighted average exercise price | | Number of options | | Weighted average exercise price | | Number of options | | Weighted average exercise price | | Aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands) | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Outstanding at the beginning of the year | | 417,875 | | $ | 2.46 | | 499,375 | | $ | 2.60 | | 822,000 | | $ | 2.65 | | | | |
Granted | | 153,000 | | $ | 3.08 | | 350,000 | | $ | 2.72 | | 433,600 | | $ | 3.12 | | | | |
Exercised | | (23,875 | ) | $ | 2.93 | | (3,375 | ) | $ | 1.66 | | (67,875 | ) | $ | 1.73 | | | | |
Forfeited | | (47,625 | ) | $ | 2.75 | | (24,000 | ) | $ | 2.38 | | (17,000 | ) | $ | 4.86 | | | | |
| |
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | |
Outstanding at the end of the year | | 499,375 | | $ | 2.60 | | 822,000 | | $ | 2.65 | | 1,170,725 | | $ | 2.85 | | | | |
| |
| |
|
| |
| |
|
| |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Exercisable at the end of the year | | 260,375 | | $ | 2.71 | | 620,500 | | $ | 2.77 | | 861,908 | | $ | 2.71 | | $ | 1,130 | |
| |
| |
|
| |
| |
|
| |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average fair value of options granted during the year | | | | $ | 1.93 | | | | $ | 1.84 | | | | $ | 1.84 | | $ | 951 | |
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| | | |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | |
| | The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total intrinsic value (the difference between the Company's closing stock price on the last trading day of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2006 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on December 31, 2006. This amount changes based on the fair market value of the Company's stock. Total intrinsic value of options exercised for the year ended December 31, 2006 was approximately $ 116. As of December 31, 2006, there was approximately $ 489 of total unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the Company's stock option plans. |
| | | |
| | That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.2 years. Total grant-date fair value of vested options for the year ended December 31, 2006 was approximately $ 243. |
F – 31
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| | | |
NOTE 12: – | SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Cont.) |
| | | |
| | The options outstanding as of December 31, 2006, have been separated into ranges of exercise price as follows: |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Range of exercise price | | Options Outstanding as of December 31, 2006 | | Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) | | Weighted average exercise price | | Options exercisable as of December 31, 2006 | | Weighted average exercise price of options exercisable | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
$0.99 - $1.46 | | 93,500 | | 5.61 | | $ | 1.33 | | 93,500 | | $ | 1.33 | |
$2.08 - $2.92 | | 807,225 | | 8.25 | | $ | 2.75 | | 623,408 | | $ | 2.73 | |
$3.27 - $4.13 | | 270,000 | | 5.11 | | $ | 3.68 | | 145,000 | | $ | 3.54 | |
| |
| | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 1,170,725 | | 7.32 | | $ | 2.85 | | 861,908 | | $ | 2.71 | |
| |
| | | |
|
| |
| |
|
| |
| | | |
| e. | Share purchase agreement: |
| | | |
| | In consideration of the purchase of 990,000 of E - Mobilis shares (subsidiary of the Company, which is inactive), the Board of Directors of the Company granted the sellers on November 8, 2001, options to purchase 100,000 Ordinary shares that vested immediately, at an exercise price of $ 2 per share. During 2003, 15,000 options were exercised and the remaining 85,000 options were exercised during 2004. |
| | |
| f. | Dividends: |
| | |
| | Dividends may be paid by the Company only out of the Israeli company’s earnings and other surpluses in Israeli currency as defined in the Companies Law as of the end of the most recent fiscal year or as accrued over a period of the last two years whichever is higher. Such dividends will be declared and paid in NIS. |
| | |
| | The Company does not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. |
F – 32
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| |
NOTE 13: – | GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION |
| | |
| a. | Business segment, geographical areas and foreign operations: |
| | |
| | The Company manages its business on the basis of one reportable segment (see Note 1 for a brief description of the Company’s business). The Company’s business is divided into the geographic areas regions as described bellow. Total revenues are attributed to geographic areas based on the location of the customer. |
| | |
| b. | Geographic information: |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Year ended December 31, | |
| | |
| |
| | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | |
| |
| |
| |
| Product sales: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Israel | | $ | 142 | | $ | 60 | | $ | 69 | |
| Far East (excluding Japan) | | | 598 | | | 2,020 | | | 1,844 | |
| Europe | | | 5,356 | | | 5,604 | | | 6,711 | |
| North and south America | | | 607 | | | 944 | | | 1,191 | |
| Africa | | | 166 | | | 512 | | | 461 | |
| Japan | | | 95 | | | 748 | | | 1,868 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | 6,964 | | | 9,888 | | | 12,144 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| Service revenues: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Israel | | | 42 | | | 78 | | | 5 | |
| Far East (excluding Japan) | | | 326 | | | 375 | | | 598 | |
| Europe | | | 2,610 | | | 3,396 | | | 4,675 | |
| North and south America | | | 647 | | | 883 | | | 962 | |
| Africa and Middle East (excluding Israel) | | | 14 | | | 53 | | | 75 | |
| Japan | | | 575 | | | 2,147 | | | 1,765 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | 4,214 | | | 6,932 | | | 8,080 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Total revenues | | $ | 11,178 | | $ | 16,820 | | $ | 20,224 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Sales to single customers exceeding 10% of revenues: | | | | | | | | | | |
| Customer A | | | 10 | % | | *) - | | | *) - | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Customer B | | | *) - | | | 10 | % | | *) - | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| *) Less than 10% | | | | | | | | | | |
|
| The Company’s substantial long-lived assets are located in Israel. | | | | | | |
F – 33
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| |
NOTE 14: – | BASIC AND DILUTED NET EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE |
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net earnings (loss) per share:
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Year ended December 31, | |
| | |
| |
| | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | |
| |
| |
| |
| Numerator for basic net earnings (loss) per share - net income (loss) available to shareholders | | $ | (168 | ) | $ | (461 | ) | $ | 801 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Interest expenses on convertible debentures | | | - | | | - | | | 8 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Net income used for the computation of diluted net earnings (loss) per share | | $ | (168 | ) | $ | (461 | ) | $ | 809 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Weighted average Ordinary shares outstanding | | | 6,905,559 | | | 8,764,222 | | | 8,819,857 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Effect of dilutive securities: | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Employees stock options | | | *) - | | | *) - | | | 178,823 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Convertible debentures | | | - | | | - | | | 33,674 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | - | | | - | | | 212,497 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Diluted weighted average Ordinary shares outstanding | | | 6,905,559 | | | 8,764,222 | | | 9,032,354 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Basic and diluted net earnings (loss) per share | | $ | (0.02 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | 0.09 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| |
NOTE 15: – | FINANCIAL INCOME (EXPENSES), NET |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Year ended December 31, | |
| | |
| |
| | | 2004 | | 2005 | | 2006 | |
| | |
| |
| |
| |
|
| Interest income, net | | $ | 84 | | $ | 140 | | $ | 193 | |
| Exchange rate gain (loss) and bank charges | | | 93 | | | *) (326 | ) | | 38 | |
| Gain from marketable securities | | | 1 | | | 40 | | | 94 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | $ | 178 | | $ | (146 | ) | $ | 325 | |
| | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| | |
| *) | Includes income (expense) from forward transactions in the amount of $ 109 and $ (61) for the year end December 31, 2005 and 2006 respectively. |
F – 34
|
TOP IMAGE SYSTEMS LTD. AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES |
|
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
|
U.S. dollars in thousands, except share and per share data |
| |
NOTE 16: – | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTION |
| |
| Based on a resolution of the shareholders of the Company, one of its directors was entitled to an amount of $ 254 for consulting fees during the year 2004, in regard to the acquisition of the business in Japan (which was recorded as part of the acquisition costs in 2004) and amount of $114 and $ 102 for consulting fees related to other business development affairs in 2005 and 2006 respectively. In addition, during 2005 and 2006, the director received $6 for his service as a Board member in each year. |
F – 35