Significant and Critical Accounting Policies and Practices | Note 3 - Significant and Critical Accounting Policies and Practices Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation The unaudited condensed balance sheet at December 31, 2018 was derived from audited annual financial statements but does not contain all of the footnote disclosures from the annual financial statements. The unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments unless otherwise indicated) which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. Certain information in footnote disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the SEC rules and regulations for interim reporting. The financial results for the periods presented may not be indicative of the full year’s results. These unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on April 1, 2019. Use of Estimates The Company’s condensed financial statements include certain amounts that are based on management’s best estimates and judgments. The Company’s significant estimates include, but are not limited to, useful lives assigned to long-lived assets, fair value used in estimating the value of warrants, stock-based compensation, accrued expenses and provisions for income taxes. Due to the uncertainty inherent in such estimates, actual results may differ from these estimates. Restricted Cash The following is a summary of cash and restricted cash total as presented in the statements of cash flows for as of June 30, 2019 and 2018 (dollars are in thousands): As of June 30, 2019 2018 Cash $ 763 $ 1,089 Restricted cash - 15 Long-term deposit 35 35 Total cash and restricted cash $ 798 $ 1,139 Leases Effective January 1, 2019, the Company accounts for its leases under ASC 842, Leases. Under this guidance, arrangements meeting the definition of a lease are classified as operating or financing leases and are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as both a right of use asset and lease liability, calculated by discounting fixed lease payments over the lease term at the rate implicit in the lease or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease liabilities are increased by interest and reduced by payments each period, and the right of use asset is amortized over the lease term. For operating leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the right of use asset result in straight-line rent expense over the lease term. Variable lease expenses, if any, are recorded when incurred. In calculating the right of use asset and lease liability, the Company elects to combine lease and non-lease components. The Company excludes short-term leases having initial terms of 12 months or less from the new guidance as an accounting policy election and recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company continues to account for leases in the prior period financial statements under ASC Topic 840. Other than above, there have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies to those previously disclosed in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K, which was filed with the SEC on April 1, 2019. Loss Per Share Basic loss per share of common stock is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Diluted loss per share excludes the potential impact of common stock options, convertible preferred stock and outstanding common stock purchase warrants because their effect would be anti-dilutive. Securities that could potentially dilute loss per share in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share at June 30, 2019 and 2018 are as follows: As of June 30, 2019 2018 Warrants to purchase common stock 5,767,292 4,719,292 Options to purchase common stock 19,869,000 15,824,000 Preferred stock convertible into common stock 4,508,812 2,290,860 Total 30,145,104 22,834,152 Recent Accounting Pronouncements The Company considers the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standard Updates (“ASUs”). ASUs not discussed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on our balance sheets or statements of operations. In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480) and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): I. Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features; II. Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) in order to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by, among other provisions, recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP. For public companies, ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 (including interim periods within those periods) using a modified retrospective approach and early adoption is permitted. In transition, entities may also elect a package of practical expedients that must be applied in its entirety to all leases commencing before the adoption date, unless the lease is modified, and permits entities to not reassess (a) the existence of a lease, (b) lease classification or (c) determination of initial direct costs, as of the adoption date, which effectively allows entities to carryforward accounting conclusions under previous U.S. GAAP. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, which provides entities an optional transition method to apply the guidance under Topic 842 as of the adoption date, rather than as of the earliest period presented. The Company adopted Topic 842 on January 1, 2019, using the optional transition method to apply the new guidance as of January 1, 2019, rather than as of the earliest period presented, and elected the package of practical expedients described above. Based on the analysis, on January 1, 2019, the Company recorded right of use assets of approximately $903,000, lease liability of approximately $1.0 million and eliminated deferred rent of approximately $115,000 (See Note 8). In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting |