Introduction and Certain Cautionary Statements
As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2024 (this “Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q”), unless the context requires otherwise, references to the "Company," "we," "us," and "our" refer to Safe & Green Holdings Corp. and its subsidiaries. The following discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of our operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes and schedules included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our audited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2023, which were included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year then ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on May 7, 2024 (the "2023 Form 10-K"). This discussion, particularly information with respect to our future operations, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties as described under the heading "Special note regarding forward-looking statements" in this Quarterly Report on Form10-Q. You should review the disclosure under the heading "Risk Factors" in the 2023 Form 10-K and in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion for important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements.
Special note regarding forward-looking statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. The statements contained in this report that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may use forward-looking terminology, such as "anticipates," "believes," "could," "would," "estimates," "may," "might," "plan," "expect," "intend," "should," "will," or other variations on these terms or their negatives. All statements other than statements of historical facts are statements that could potentially be forward-looking. The Company cautions that forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements or could affect the extent to which a particular objective, projection, estimate or prediction is realized. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to: general economic, political and financial conditions, including inflation, both in the United States and internationally; our ability to continue as a going concern; our ability to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms, if at all, or to obtain additional capital in other ways; our ability to increase sales, generate income, effectively manage our growth and realize our backlog; competition in the markets in which we operate, including the consolidation of our industry, our ability to expand into and compete in new geographic markets and our ability to compete by protecting our proprietary manufacturing process; a disruption or cybersecurity breach in our or third-party suppliers' information technology systems; our ability to adapt our products and services to industry standards and consumer preferences and obtain general market acceptance of our products; product shortages and the availability of raw materials, and potential loss of relationships with key vendors, suppliers or subcontractors; the seasonality of the construction industry in general, and the commercial and residential construction markets in particular; a disruption or limited availability with our third party transportation vendors; the loss or potential loss of any significant customers; exposure to product liability, including the possibility that our liability for estimated warranties may be inadequate, and various other claims and litigation; our ability to attract and retain key employees; our ability to attract private investment for sales of product; the credit risk from our customers and our customers' ability to obtaining third-party financing if and as needed; an impairment of goodwill; the impact of federal, state and local regulations, including changes to international trade and tariff policies, and the impact of any failure of any person acting on our behalf to comply with applicable regulations and guidelines; costs incurred relating to current and future legal proceedings or investigations; the cost of compliance with environmental, health and safety laws and other local building regulations; our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards and the impact of changes in the United States' tax rules and regulations; dangers inherent in our operations, such as natural or man-made disruptions to our facilities and project sites and other restrictions on business and commercial activity and the adequacy of our insurance coverage; our ability to comply with the requirements of being a public company; fluctuations in the price of our common stock, including decreases in price due to sales of significant amounts of stock; potential dilution of the ownership of our current stockholders due to, among other things, public offerings or private placements by the Company or issuances upon the exercise of outstanding options or warrants and the vesting of restricted stock units; the ability of our principal stockholders, management and directors to potentially exert control due to their ownership interest; any ability to pay dividends in the future; potential negative reports by securities or industry analysts regarding our business or the construction industry in general; Delaware law provisions discouraging, delaying or preventing a merger or acquisition at a premium price; our ability to remain listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market and the possibility that our stock will be subject to penny stock rules; our classification as a smaller reporting company resulting in, among other things, a potential reduction in active trading of our common stock or increased volatility in our stock price; and any factors discussed in "Part II - Item 1A. Risk Factors" to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2023 Form 10-K, and other filings with the SEC. In addition, certain information presented below is based on unaudited financial information. There can be no assurance that there will be no changes to this information once audited financial information is available. As a result, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. The Company will not undertake to update any forward-looking statement herein or that may be made from time to time on behalf of the Company.
Overview
We operate in the following four segments: (i) construction; (ii) medical; (ii) real estate development; and (iv) environmental. The construction segment designs and constructs modular structures built in our factories using raw materials that are Made-in-America. In the medical segment we use our modular technology to offer turnkey solutions to medical testing and treatment and generating revenue from medical testing. Our real estate development segment builds innovative and green single or multifamily projects in underserved regions nationally using modules built in one of our vertically integrated factories. The environmental segment, the newest segment, is a sustainable medical and waste management solution that has a patented technology to collect waste and treat waste for safe disposal.
We are a provider of modular facilities (“Modules”). We currently provide Modules made out of both code-engineered cargo shipping containers and wood for use as both permanent or temporary structures for residential housing use and commercial use, including for health care facilities. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Modules we supplied were primarily for retail, restaurant and military use and were manufactured by third party suppliers using our proprietary technology and design and engineering expertise, which modifies code-engineered cargo shipping containers and purpose-built modules for use for safe and sustainable commercial, industrial and residential building. Since our acquisition in September 2020 of Echo DCL, LLC (“Echo”), one of our key supply chain providers, we now have more control over the manufacturing process and have increased our product offerings to add Modules made out of wood. In March 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic we began increasing our focus on providing our Modules as health care facilities for deployable medical response solutions. In February 2023, we entered into an agreement with The Peoples Health Care, in Glendale, California, working in conjunction with Teamsters Local 848, to deliver four Modules to provide medical services to union members. In March 2023, we formed Safe & Green Medical Corporation to focus on our medical segment with an objective to establish a national presence with various clinics and labs that cater to the specific needs of local communities. During 2021, through our subsidiary, Safe and Green Development Corporation. (“SG DevCorp”), we also began to focus on acquiring property to build multi-family housing communities that allows us to utilize the manufacturing services of Echo. SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (“SG Environmental”), formed in Delaware is focused on biomedical waste removal and will utilize a patented technology that it licenses to shred and disinfect biomedical waste, rendering the waste disinfected, unrecognizable, and of no greater risk to the public health than residential household waste.
SG DevCorp develops, co-develops builds and finances single and multi-family homes in underserved regions nationally using modules built in one of our vertically integrated factories. SG DevCorp has a minority interest in Norman Berry II Owners LLC and JDI-Cumberland Inlet LLC.
Recent Developments
On May 1, 2024, we filed an amendment (the “Amendment”) to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Restated Certificate”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware to effect a reverse stock split of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 (the “Common Stock”), at a ratio of 1-for-20 (the “Reverse Stock Split”), with an effective time of 12:01 a.m. Eastern Time on May 2, 2024 (the “Effective Time”). Upon the opening of trading on May 2, 2024, the Common Stock will begin trading under the existing trading symbol “SGBX” on a split-adjusted basis under a new CUSIP number, 78418A604.
During April 2024, the Company issued 178,571 shares of common stock (8,928 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) to a consultant for services performed.
On April 19, 2024, we received a delinquency letter (the “Notice”) from the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) notifying that we were not in compliance with the continued listing requirements set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) (the “Rule”), which requires timely filing of periodic reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for continued listing. Nasdaq rules require public announcement to disclose the Company’s receipt of the Notice within four business days of receipt.
On May 7, 2024, we received a letter from Nasdaq stating that we now comply with the Rule.
Results of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:
|
|
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 |
|
|
| For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 |
|
| Total revenue |
| $ | 1,017,931
|
|
| $ | 5,503,935 |
|
| Total cost of revenue |
| (644,983 | ) |
| (5,573,407
| ) |
| Total payroll and related expenses |
| (3,268,069 | ) |
| (1,314,390 | ) |
| Total operating expenses |
| (1,137,338 | ) |
| (1,042,155
| ) |
| Total operating loss |
| (4,032,459 | ) |
| (3,260,069 | ) |
| Total other expense |
| (1,224,569 | ) |
| (259,371 | ) |
| Total loss before income tax |
| (5,257,028 | ) |
| (3,519,440 | ) |
| Common stock deemed dividend |
| (670,881 | ) |
| — |
|
| Add: Net income attributable non-controlling interest |
| 1,257,745 | |
| — | |
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp. |
| $ | (4,670,164 | ) |
| $ | (3,519,440 | ) |
Revenue
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we derived revenue from our construction segment. as well as sales from SG DevCorp’s new revenue stream. Total revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $1,017,931 compared to $5,503,935 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This decrease of $4,486,004 or approximately 82% was mainly driven by a decrease in construction services.
Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit
Cost of revenue was $644,983 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $5,573,407 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease of $4,928,424 or an increase of approximately 88%, is primarily related to the decrease in construction services during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Gross profit (loss) was $372,948 and $(69,472) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Gross profit (loss) margin percentage increased to 37% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to (1)% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 primarily due to the recognition of losses on construction services recognized during the year ended December 31, 2023.
Operating Expenses
Payroll and related expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $3,268,069 compared to $1,314,390 for the three months ended March 31, 2023. This increase was primarily caused by stock-based compensation being recognized by SG DevCorp during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Other operating expenses (general and administrative expenses, marketing and business development expenses, pre-project expenses) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 were $1,137,338 compared to $1,876,207 for the three months ended March 31, 2023.
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $9,570 mainly derived from bank interest and interest associated with an outstanding note receivable. There was $9,362 of interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2023. There was $48,617 and $18,639 of other income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $1,282,756 and $287,372, respectively. The increase in interest expense resulted from an increase in notes payable balances during 2024.
Income Tax Provision
A 100% valuation allowance was provided against the deferred tax asset consisting of available net operating loss carry forwards and, accordingly, no income tax benefit was provided.
Impact of Inflation
Inflation has caused increases on some of the Company's estimated costs for construction projects in progress and completed during the past two fiscal years, which has affected the Company's revenue and income (loss) from continuing operations.
Our operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 may not be indicative of our future operations.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had an aggregate of $739,787 and $17,448, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments.
Historically, our operations have primarily been funded through proceeds from equity and debt financings, as well as revenue from operations.
We have negative operating cash flows, which has raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
We intend to meet our capital needs from revenue generated from operations and by containing costs, entering into strategic alliances, as well as exploring other options, including the possibility of raising additional debt or equity capital as necessary. There is, however, no assurance we will be successful in meeting our capital requirements prior to becoming cash flow positive. We do not have any additional sources secured for future funding, and if we are unable to raise the necessary capital at the times we require such funding, we may need to materially change our business plan, including delaying implementation of aspects of such business plan or curtailing or abandoning such business plan altogether.
On January 5, 2024, SG Building Blocks and SG Echo, together with SG Building Blocks, the (“Merchants”), entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (“January Cash Advance Agreement”) with Maison Capital Group (“Maison”) pursuant to which the Merchants sold to Maison $300,000 of their future receivables for a purchase price of $200,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided of $190,000.
Pursuant to the January Cash Advance Agreement, Maison is expected to withdraw $12,500 a week directly from the Merchants’ bank account until the $300,000 due to Maison under the January Cash Advance Agreement is paid. In the event of a default (as defined in the January Cash Advance Agreement), Maison, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the January Cash Advance Agreement. The Merchants’ obligations under the January Cash Advance Agreement are secured by a security interest in all accounts, including without limitation, all deposit accounts, accounts-receivable, and other receivables, chattel paper, documents, equipment, general intangibles, instruments, and inventory, as those terms are defined by Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, now or hereafter owned or acquired by any of them. In addition, SG Building Blocks’ obligations under the January Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo, and SG Echo’s obligations under the January Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Building Blocks. The amounts outstanding under the January Cash Advance Agreement may be prepaid by the Merchants at any time without penalty.
On January 11, 2024, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “January Purchase Agreement”) with Peak One, pursuant to which we agreed to issue, in a private placement offering (the “January Offering”), upon the satisfaction of certain conditions specified in the January Purchase Agreement, two debentures to Peak One in the aggregate principal amount of $1,300,000.
The closing of the first tranche was consummated on January 12, 2024 and we issued an 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of Six Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($650,000) (the “Holdings Debenture”) to Peak One and a warrant (the “Warrant”) to purchase up to Three Hundred Seventy-Five Thousand (375,000) shares of our common stock (18,750 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), par value $0.01 per share (the “common stock”) to Peak One’s designee, as described in the Purchase Agreement. The Holdings Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $585,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the January Offering, we paid $17,500 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement and issued to Peak One and its designee an aggregate of 300,000 shares of its restricted common stock (the “Commitment Shares”) (15,000 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) as provided in the January Purchase Agreement.
The Holdings Debenture matures twelve months from its date of issuance and bears interest at a rate of 8% per annum payable on the maturity date. The Debenture is convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time, into such number of shares of common stock equal to the principal amount of the Holdings Debenture, plus all accrued and unpaid interest, at a conversion price equal to $ 0.46 (the “Conversion Price”) ($9.20 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Holdings Debenture.
The Holdings Debenture is redeemable by us at a redemption price equal to 110% of the sum of the principal amount to be redeemed plus accrued interest, if any. While the Holdings Debenture is outstanding, if we receives cash proceeds of more than $1,500,000.00 (the “Minimum Threshold”) in the aggregate from any source or series of related or unrelated sources, weshall, within two (2) business days of our receipt of such proceeds, inform Peak One of such receipt, following which Peak One shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to require us to immediately apply up to 50% of all proceeds received by us(from any source except with respect to proceeds from the issuance of equity or debt to officers and directors of us) after the Minimum Threshold is reached to repay the outstanding amounts owed under the Debenture. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Peak One converted $300,000 of its principal balance into 57,627 shares of common stock. Such conversion was within the terms of the agreement with no gains or losses recognized on the transactions.
The Warrant expires five years from its date of issuance. The Warrant is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 375,000 of shares of common stock (18,750 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) at an exercise price equal to $0.53 (the “Exercise Price”) ($10.60 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Warrant. The Warrant provides for cashless exercise under certain circumstances.
Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”) acted as placement agent in the Offering. In connection with the closing of the first tranche of the Offering, we paid a placement fee of $40,950 to Maxim. Assuming the second tranche is closed, a placement fee in an amount equal to $40,950 will be payable by us to Maxim upon closing of the second tranche of the Offering.
On January 29, 2024, SG Building Blocks, Inc., entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (“Second Cash Advance Agreement”) with Cedar Advance LLC (“Cedar”) pursuant to which SG Building Blocks sold to Cedar $1,733,420 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $1,180,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid and the repayment of prior amounts due Cedar, for net funds provided of $215,575.
Pursuant to the Second Cash Advance Agreement, Cedar is expected to withdraw $49,150 a week directly from SG Building Blocks’ bank account until the $1,733,420 due to Cedar under the Second Cash Advance Agreement is paid. In the event of a default (as defined in the Second Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Second Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building Blocks’ obligations under the Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo.
On February 15, 2024, SG DevCo, entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated November 30, 2023 (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Peak One pursuant to which SG DevCo agreed to issue, in a private placement offering (the “Offering”) upon the satisfaction of certain conditions specified in the Purchase Agreement, two Debentures to Peak One in the aggregate principal amount of $1,200,000. The closing of the first tranche was consummated on November 30, 2023.
The Purchase Agreement provided that at any time after January 29, 2024, a second tranche closing could occur subject to the mutual written agreement of Peak One and SG DevCo and satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, upon which SG DevCo would issue and sell to Peak One on the same terms and conditions a second 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $500,000.
The Amendment provides that the second tranche be separated into two tranches (the second and third tranche) wherein which SG DevCo would issue in each tranche an 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $250,000 at a purchase price of $225,000. In addition, the Amendment provides that SG DevCo will issue (i) 35,000 shares of SG DevCo’s common stock on the closing of each of the second tranche and the third tranche as follows: 17,500 shares of common stock to Peak One’s designee as described in the Amendment and 17,500 shares of common stock to Peak One, as a commitment fee in connection with the issuance of the second debenture and the third debenture, respectively; (ii) a common stock purchase warrant to Peak One’s designee as described in the Amendment for the purchase of 125,000 shares of common stock on the closing of each of the second tranche and the third tranche; and (iii) pay $6,500 of Peak One’s non-accountable fees in connection with each of the second tranche and the third tranche.
The closing of the second tranche was consummated on February 16, 2024 and SG DevCo issued an 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $250,000 (the “Second Debenture”) to Peak One and a warrant (the “Second Warrant”) to purchase up to 125,000 shares of SG DevCo’s common stock to Peak One’s designee as described in the Amendment. The Second Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $225,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the closing of the second tranche, SG DevCo paid $6,500 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs incurred in connection with the second tranche and issued to Peak One and its designee an aggregate total of 35,000 shares of SG DevCo’s restricted common stock as described in the Amendment.
The Second Debenture matures twelve months from its date of issuance and bears interest at a rate of 8% per annum payable on the maturity date. The Second Debenture is convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time, into such number of shares of common stock of SG DevCo equal to the principal amount of the Second Debenture plus all accrued and unpaid interest at a conversion price equal to $2.14, subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Second Debenture.
The Second Debenture is redeemable by SG DevCo at a redemption price equal to 110% of the sum of the principal amount to be redeemed plus accrued interest, if any. While the Second Debenture is outstanding, if SG DevCo receives cash proceeds of more than $1,500,000.00 (“Minimum Threshold”) in the aggregate from any source or series of related or unrelated sources, SG DevCo shall, within two business days of SG DevCo’s receipt of such proceeds, inform the holder of such receipt, following which the holder shall have the right in its sole discretion to require SG DevCo to immediately apply up to 50% of all proceeds received by SG DevCo (from any source except with respect to proceeds from the issuance of equity or debt to officers and directors of SG DevCo) after the Minimum Threshold is reached to repay the outstanding amounts owed under the Second Debenture.
The Second Debenture contains customary events of default. If an event of default occurs, until it is cured, Peak One may increase the interest rate applicable to the Second Debenture to the lesser of eighteen percent (18%) per annum and the maximum interest rate allowable under applicable law and accelerate the full indebtedness under the Second Debenture, in an amount equal to 110% of the outstanding principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest. The Second Debenture prohibits SG DevCo from entering into a Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the Second Debenture) until the Second Debenture is paid in full.
The Second Warrant expires five years from its date of issuance. The Second Warrant is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 125,000 shares of common stock of SG DevCo at an exercise price equal to $2.53, subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations, and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Second Warrant. The Second Warrant provides for cashless exercise under certain circumstances.
Under the Amendment, a closing of the third tranche may occur subject to the mutual written agreement of Peak One and SG DevCo and satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement at any time after April 16, 2024.
Maxim acted as placement agent in connection with the Offering. In connection with the closing of the second tranche, SG DevCo paid a placement fee of $13,500 to Maxim. Assuming the third tranche is closed, a placement fee in an amount equal to $13,500 will be payable by SG DevCo to Maxim upon closing of the third tranche.
On February 23, 2024, the Merchants entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (“February Cash Advance Agreement”) with Bridgecap Advance LLC (“Bridgecap”) pursuant to which the Merchants sold to Bridgecap $224,850 of their future receivables for a purchase price of $150,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided of $135,000.
Pursuant to the February Cash Advance Agreement, Bridgecap is expected to withdraw $2,248.50 a day directly from the Merchants’ bank account until the $224,850 due to Bridgecap under the February Cash Advance Agreement is paid. In the event of a default (as defined in the February Cash Advance Agreement), Bridgecap, among other remedies (including penalties and fees) can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the February Cash Advance Agreement. The Merchants’ obligations under the February Cash Advance Agreement are secured by a security interest in all accounts, including without limitation, all deposit accounts, accounts-receivable, other receivables, and proceeds therefrom, as those terms are defined by Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, now or hereafter owned or acquired by any of them. The amounts outstanding under the February Cash Advance Agreement may be prepaid by the Merchants at any time without penalty.
On March 1, 2024, SG DevCorp entered into a credit agreement with the Bryan Leighton Revocable Trust Dated December 13th, 2023 (the “Lender”) pursuant to which the Lender agreed to provide SG DevCorp with a line of credit facility (the “Line of Credit”) up to the maximum amount of $250,000 from which SG DevCorp may draw down, at any time and from time to time, during the term of the Line of Credit. The “Maturity Date “of the Line of Credit is September 1, 2024. At any time prior to the Maturity Date, upon mutual written consent of SG DevCorp and the Lender, the Maturity Date may be extended for up to an additional six-month period. The advanced and unpaid principal of the Line of Credit from time to time outstanding will bear interest at a fixed rate per annum equal to 12.0% (the “Fixed Rate”). On the first day of each month, SG DevCorp will pay to the Lender interest, in arrears, on the aggregate outstanding principal indebtedness of the Line of Credit at the Fixed Rate. The entire principal indebtedness of the Line of Credit and any accrued interest thereon will be due and payable on the Maturity Date. In consideration for the extension of the Line of Credit, SG DevCorp issued 154,320 shares of SG DevCorp restricted common stock to Lender. The fair value of the shares issued to Lender amounted to $125,000 and has been recorded as a debt discount and will be amortized over the effective rate method. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, SG DevCorp drew down $100,000 from the Line of Credit.
On March 5, 2024, we issued a Promissory Note (“Note”) in favor of 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC (the “Lender”) in the aggregate principal amount of $149,500 (the “Principal”), and an accompanying Securities Purchase Agreement, dated March 5, 2024 (the “SPA”).
The Note was purchased by the Lender for a purchase price of $130,000, representing an original issue discount of $19,500. A one-time interest charge of ten percent (10%) (the “Interest Rate”) will be applied on the issuance date to the Principal. Under the terms of the Note, beginning on April 15, 2024, we are required to make nine monthly payments of accrued, unpaid interest and outstanding principal, subject to adjustment, in the amount of $18,272,23. We shall have a five business day grace period with respect to each payment. Any amount of principal or interest on this Note which is not paid when due will bear interest at the rate of twenty two percent (22%) per annum from the due date thereof until the same is paid (“Default Interest”). We have the right to accelerate payments or prepay in full at any time with no prepayment penalty.
Among other things, an event of default (“Event of Default”) will be deemed to have occurred if we fails to pay the principal or interest when due on the Note, whether at maturity, upon acceleration or otherwise, if bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings are instituted by or against us or if we fail to maintain the listing of its common stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, the Note will become immediately due and payable and we will be obligated to pay to the Investor, in satisfaction of its obligations under the Note, an amount equal to 200% times the sum of the then outstanding principal amount of the Note plus accrued and unpaid interest on the unpaid principal amount of this Note to the date of payment plus Default Interest, if any.
After an Event of Default, at any time following the six month anniversary of the Note, the Lender will have the right, to convert all or any part of the outstanding and unpaid amount of the Note into shares of the our common stock at a conversion price equal to the greater of $0.08 or 65% multiplied by the lowest closing bid price during the 10 trading days prior to the conversion date (representing a discount rate of 35%). The Note may not be converted into shares of our common stock if the conversion would result in the Lender and its affiliates owning an aggregate of in excess of 4.99% of the then outstanding shares of our common stock. In addition, unless we obtain shareholder approval of such issuance, we shall not issue a number of shares of its common stock under Note, which when aggregated with all other securities that are required to be aggregated for purposes of Nasdaq Rule 5635(d), would exceed 19.99% of the shares of our common stock outstanding as of the date of definitive agreement with respect to the first of such aggregated transactions (the “Conversion Limitation”). Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default as a result of us being delisted from Nasdaq, the Conversion Limitation shall no longer apply.
On May 3, 2024, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “May Securities Purchase Agreement”) for a private placement (the “Private Placement”) with a single accredited institutional investor (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Purchaser agreed to purchase 130,000 shares (the “Shares”) of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”), and pre-funded warrants to purchase 1,249,310 shares of Common Stock in lieu thereof (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) and common warrants (the “Common Warrants”) to purchase up to 2,758,620 shares of Common Stock. Pursuant to the May Securities Purchase Agreement, the combined offering price of each Share and Common Warrant was set at $2.90 and the combined offering price of each Pre-Funded Warrant and Common Warrant was set at $2.8999. The Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Common Warrants and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities.”
The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately following the date of issuance, may be exercised at any time until all of the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full, and have an exercise price of $0.0001 per share. The Common Warrants are exercisable immediately following the date of issuance, have a term of five years from the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined below) registering the Shares and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants and have an exercise price of $2.65 per share. A holder may not exercise any Pre-Funded Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 9.99% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock immediately after exercise. A holder may not exercise any Common Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 4.99% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock immediately after exercise. The Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants are subject to adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the Common Stock and also upon any distributions for no consideration of assets to the Company’s stockholders. In the event of certain corporate transactions, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants, respectively, the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants immediately prior to such transaction. The Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants do not entitle the holders thereof to any voting rights or any of the other rights or privileges to which holders of common stock are entitled.
In the event of a “Fundamental Transaction,” which term is defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants and generally includes (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person (as defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants) in which the Company is not the surviving entity (other than a reincorporation in a different state, a transaction for changing the Company’s name, or a similar transaction pursuant to which the surviving company remains a public company), (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets in one or a series of related transactions (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not include such transactions that do not require approval of the Company’s stockholders), (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of more than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property other than a stock split, or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, merger or scheme of arrangement) with another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires more than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised such warrants immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction. Additionally, as more fully described in the Common Warrants, in the event of certain Fundamental Transactions, the holders of the Common Warrants will be entitled to receive consideration in an amount equal to the Black Scholes Value (as defined in the Common Warrants) of the remaining unexercised portion of the Common Warrants on the date of consummation of such Fundamental Transaction.
The Private Placement closed on May 7, 2024. We received gross proceeds from the Private Placement of approximately $4.0 million before deducting fees to the placement agent and other offering expenses. We intend to use the net proceeds from the Private Placement for general corporate purposes and potential repayment of indebtedness.
We continue to generate losses from operations. As of March 31, 2024, our stockholders’ equity was $6,637,478, compared to $6,334,859 as of December 31, 2023, and we had an accumulated deficit of $79,930,088, compared to $75,930,805 as of December 31, 2023. Our net loss attributable to our common stockholders for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $4,670,164 and net cash used in operating activities was $923,847.
We will need to generate additional revenues or secure additional financing sources, such as debt or equity capital, to fund future growth, which financing may not be available on favorable terms or at all. We are in the process of securing funding, which we believe will provide the needed working capital until we are cash flow positive[, which we believe will be in the first half of 2024]. If we are unable to raise the necessary capital at the times we require such funding, we may need to materially change our business plan, including delaying implementation of aspects of such business plan or curtailing or abandoning such business plan altogether.
Cash Flow Summary
| | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
| 2024 | | 2023 |
|
Net cash provided by (used in): | | | | | | | |
Operating activities |
| $ | (923,847 | ) | $ | (1,378,685 | ) |
Investing activities | | | (257,186 | ) | | (638,348 | ) |
Financing activities |
| | 1,903,372 |
| | 2,886,758 | |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 722,339 | | $ | 869,725 | |
Operating activities used net cash of $923,847 during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and used net cash of $1,378,685 during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Generally, our net operating cash flows fluctuate primarily based on changes in our profitability and working capital. Cash used in operating activities decreased by approximately $454,838.
Investing activities used net cash of $257,186 during the three months ended March 31, 2024, and $638,348 net cash during the three months ended March 31, 2023 a decrease in cash used of $381,162. This amount resulted from $31,841 in purchases of property an equipment, $1,082 received from our business combination and $226,425 in project development costs.
Financing activities provided net cash of $1,903,372 during the three months ended March 31, 2024. Financing activities used $2,886,758 net cash during the three months ended March 31, 2023. This amount resulted from $885,485 in repayments of short-term notes payable, proceeds of $2,293,644 from the issuances of short-term notes payable and $494,213 received from a warrant inducment transaction.
There can be no assurance that our customers will decide to and/or be able to proceed with these construction projects, or that we will ultimately recognize revenue from these projects in a timely manner or at all.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements to which we are a party.
In the ordinary course of business, we enter into agreements with third parties that include indemnification provisions which, in our judgment, are normal and customary for companies in our industry sector. These agreements are typically with consultants and certain vendors. Pursuant to these agreements, we generally agree to indemnify, hold harmless, and reimburse indemnified parties for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified parties with respect to actions taken or omitted by us. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification provisions is unlimited. We have not incurred material costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification provisions. As a result, the estimated fair value of liabilities relating to these provisions is minimal. Accordingly, we have no liabilities recorded for these provisions as of March 31, 2024.
Critical Accounting Estimates
Our condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared using generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In connection with the preparation of the financial statements, we are required to make assumptions and estimates and apply judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses, and the related disclosures. We base our assumptions, estimates, and judgments on historical experience, current trends, and other factors that we believe to be relevant at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared. On a regular basis, we review the accounting policies, assumptions, estimates, and judgments to ensure that our financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with GAAP. However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material.
Our significant accounting policies are discussed in “Note 3— Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We believe that the following accounting policies are the most critical in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results.
Share-based payments. We measure the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. For employees and directors, including non-employee directors, the fair value of the award is measured on the grant date. For non-employees, the fair value of the award is generally re-measured on interim financial reporting dates and vesting dates until the service period is complete. The fair value amount is then recognized over the period services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. We recognize stock-based compensation expense on a graded-vesting basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of each award. Stock-based compensation expense to employees and all directors is reported within payroll and related expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Stock-based compensation expense to non-employees is reported within marketing and business development expense in the consolidated statements of operations.
Other derivative financial instruments. We classify as equity any contracts that (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement or (ii) provide a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in our own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement), provided that such contracts are indexed to our own stock. We classify as assets or liabilities any contracts that (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net-cash settle the contract if any event occurs and if that event is outside SGB’s control) or (ii) give the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement shares (physical settlement or net-cash settlement). SGB assesses classification of common stock purchase warrants and other free-standing derivatives at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities or equity is required
Convertible instruments. We bifurcate conversion options from their host instruments and accounts for them as free-standing derivative financial instruments according to certain criteria. The criteria include circumstances in which (i) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract; (ii) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable GAAP measures with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur; and (iii) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument.
We determined that the embedded conversion options that were included in the previously outstanding convertible debentures should be bifurcated from their host and a portion of the proceeds received upon the issuance of the hybrid contract has been allocated to the fair value of the derivative. The derivative was subsequently marked to market at each reporting date based on current fair value, with the changes in fair value reported in results of operations.
Critical Accounting Estimates (continued)
Revenue recognition – We determine, at contract inception, whether we will transfer control of a promised good or service over time or at a point in time, regardless of the length of contract or other factors. The recognition of revenue aligns with the timing of when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, we apply the following five steps in accordance with its revenue policy:
(1) Identify the contract with a customer
(2) Identify the performance obligations in the contract
(3) Determine the transaction price
(4) Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract
(5) Recognize revenue as performance obligations are satisfied
On certain contracts, the Company applies recognition of revenue over time, which is similar to the method the Company applied under previous guidance (i.e. percentage of completion). Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is possible that estimates of costs to complete a performance obligation will be revised in the near-term. For those performance obligations for which revenue is recognized using a cost-to-cost input method, changes in total estimated costs, and related progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the revisions to the estimates are made. When the current estimate of total costs for a performance obligation indicate a loss, a provision for the entire estimated loss on the unsatisfied performance obligation is made in the period in which the loss becomes evident.
For product or equipment sales, the Company applies recognition of revenue when the customer obtains control over such goods, which is at a point in time. Additionally, SG DevCorp has begun to generate revenue resulting from commissions on residential real estate purchases and sales transactions. For this revenue, the Company applies recognition of revenue when the customer obtains control over such service, which his at a point in time.
Goodwill – The Company performs its impairment test of goodwill at the reporting unit level each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its reporting unit below its carrying values. The Company performs a goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value and recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill. The amount by which the carrying value of the goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, if any, is recognized as an impairment loss. There were no impairments during the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023.
Intangible assets – Intangible assets consist of $2,766,000 of proprietary knowledge and technology, which is being amortized over 20 years. In addition, included in intangible assets is $68,344 of trademarks, and $238,422 of website costs that are being amortized over 5 years. The Company evaluated intangible assets for impairment during the year ended December 31, 2023 and determined that there was an $1,880,547 impairment loss for the year ended December 31, 2023. The amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $3,417 and $46,119, respectively. The accumulated amortization as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $2,921,272 and $2,852,929, respectively. The remaining balance of the Company’ intangible assets is comprised of website cost which are not yet placed in service.
New Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 3 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for all recently adopted and new accounting pronouncements.
Non-GAAP Financial Information
In addition to our results under GAAP, we also present EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for historical periods. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures and have been presented as supplemental measures of financial performance that are not required by, or presented in accordance with, GAAP. We calculate EBITDA as net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders before interest expense, income tax benefit (expense), depreciation and amortization. We calculate Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA before certain non-recurring, unusual or non-operational items, such as litigation expense, stock issuance expense and stock compensation expense. We believe that adjusting EBITDA to exclude the effects of these items that are not closely associated with ongoing corporate operations provides management and investors with a meaningful measure that increases period-to -period comparability of our operating performance.
We believe the presentation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is relevant and useful by enhancing the readers’ ability to understand the Company’s operating performance. Our management utilizes EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as a means to measure performance. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are also frequently used by analysts, investors and other interested parties to evaluate companies in our industry. These measures, when used in conjunction with related GAAP financial measures, provide investors with an additional financial analytical framework that may be useful in assessing us and our results of operations.
Our measurements of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similar titled measures reported by other companies. Other companies, including other companies in our industry, may not use such measures or may calculate one or more of the measures differently than as presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, limiting their usefulness as a comparative measure. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not measurements of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders, or any other measures of financial performance derived in accordance with GAAP. We do not consider these non-GAAP measures to be substitutes for or superior to the information provided by our GAAP financial results. . The non-GAAP information should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes.
These measures also should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by the non-recurring, unusual or non-operational items for which these non-GAAP measures make adjustments. Additionally, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not intended to be liquidity measures.
Non-GAAP Financial Information (continued)
The following is a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to the nearest GAAP measure, net gain (loss) attributable to common stockholders:
|
|
| Three Months Ended
March 31, 2024 |
|
|
| Three Months Ended
March 31, 2023 |
|
Net loss attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp. | | $ | (4,670,164 | ) |
| $ | (3,519,440 | ) |
| Addback interest expense |
|
| 1,282,756 |
|
|
| 287,372 |
|
| Addback interest income |
|
| (9,570 | ) |
|
| (9,362 | ) |
| Addback depreciation and amortization |
|
| 76,387 |
|
|
| 138,312 |
|
EBITDA (non-GAAP) |
|
| (3,320,591 | ) |
|
| (3,103,118 | ) |
| Common stock deemed dividend |
|
| 670,881 |
|
|
| — |
|
Addback litigation expense |
|
| 143,745 |
|
|
| 17,361 |
|
Addback stock issued for services
|
|
| 251,361 |
|
|
| 437,325 |
|
| Addback stock compensation expense |
|
| 179,029 |
|
|
| 656,369 |
|
Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) |
| $ | (2,075,575 | ) |
| $ | (1,992,063 | ) |
Not applicable.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Management of Safe & Green Holdings Corp., with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and the Principal Financial Officer carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in the Exchange Act, Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Evaluation Date”). Based upon that evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
The Principal Executive Officer and the Principal Financial Officer believe that the condensed consolidated financial statements and other information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q present fairly, in all material respects, our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Other than as described above, for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2024, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluations required by Rule 13a-15(d) or Rule 15d-15(d) under the Exchange Act that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.
The information included in "Note 18 - Commitments and Contingencies" of our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report Form 10-Q is incorporated by reference into this Item.
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully the following risks, together with all other information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. If any of the following risks actually materializes, our operating results, financial condition and liquidity could be materially adversely affected. As a result, the trading price of our common stock could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment. The following information updates, and should be read in conjunction with, the information disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors," contained in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (the “2023 Form 10-K”). There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in “Part I—Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2023 Form 10-K, except as follows:
If we are not successful in our efforts to increase sales or raise capital, we could experience a shortfall in cash over the next twelve months, and our ability to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms, if at all, may be limited.
At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents and a short-term investment, collectively, of $739,787 and $17,448 respectively. However, during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and year ended December 31, 2023, we reported a net loss attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp. of $4,670,164 and $26,757,906, respectively, and used $923,847 and $7,141,754 of cash for operations, respectively. If we are not successful with our efforts to increase revenue, we could experience a shortfall in cash over the next twelve months. If there is a shortfall, we may be forced to reduce operating expenses, among other steps, all of which would have a material adverse effect on our operations going forward.
We may also seek to obtain debt or additional equity financing to meet any cash shortfalls. The type, timing and terms of any financing we may select will depend on, among other things, our cash needs, the availability of other financing sources and prevailing conditions in the financial markets. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to secure additional funds if needed and that, if such funds are available, the terms or conditions would be acceptable to us. In addition, our inability to currently utilize a short form registration statement on Form S-3 may impair our ability to obtain capital in a timely fashion. If we are unable to secure additional financing, further reduction in operating expenses might need to be substantial in order for us to ensure enough liquidity to sustain our operations. Any equity financing would be dilutive to our stockholders. If we incur debt, we will likely be subject to restrictive covenants that significantly limit our operating flexibility and require us to encumber our assets. If we fail to raise sufficient funds and continue to incur losses, our ability to fund our operations, take advantage of strategic opportunities, or otherwise respond to competitive pressures will be significantly limited. Any of the above limitations could force us to significantly curtail or cease our operations, and you could lose all of your investment in our common stock. These circumstances have raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, and continued cash losses may risk our status as a going concern. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.
Our independent registered public accounting firm has expressed doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.
The report of our independent registered public accounting firm contains a note stating that the accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents and a short-term investment, collectively, of $739,787 and $17,448, respectively. However, during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and year ended December 31, 2023, we reported a net loss attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp. of $4,670,164 and $26,757,906, respectively, and used $923,847 and $7,141,754 of cash for operations, respectively.
We have incurred losses since inception, have negative working capital of $16,600,204 as of March 31, 2024 and have negative operating cash flows, which has raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. We expect our current cash and the proceeds from anticipated financings to be sufficient for working capital until we are cash flow positive, which we believe will be in the first half of 2024.
The loss of one or a few customers could have a material adverse effect on us.
A few customers have in the past, and may in the future, account for a significant portion of our revenues in any one year or over a period of several consecutive years. For example, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 approximately 86% of our revenue was generated from one customer and for the year ended December 31, 2023, approximately 87% of our revenue was generated from one customers. Although we have contractual relationships with many of our significant customers, our customers may unilaterally reduce or discontinue their contracts with us at any time. The loss of business from a significant customer could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
Our clients may adjust, cancel or suspend the contracts in our backlog; as such, our backlog is not necessarily indicative of our future revenues or earnings. In addition, even if fully performed, our backlog is not a good indicator of our future gross margins.
Backlog represents the total dollar amount of revenues we expect to record in the future as a result of performing work under contracts we have been awarded. Backlog may fluctuate significantly due to the timing of orders or awards for large projects and is not necessarily indicative of future backlog levels or the rate at which backlog will be recognized as revenue. We include in backlog only those contracts for which we have reasonable assurance that the customer can obtain the permits for construction and can fund the construction. As of December 31, 2023, our backlog totaled approximately $1.9 million and as of March 31, 2024, our backlog totaled approximately $0.9 million. Our backlog is described more in detail in “Note 13—Construction Backlog” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We cannot provide assurance that our backlog will be realized as revenues in the amounts reported or, if realized, will result in profits. In accordance with industry practice, substantially all of our contracts are subject to cancellation, termination or suspension at our customer’s discretion. In the event of a project cancellation, we generally would not have a contractual right to the total revenue reflected in our backlog. Projects can remain in backlog for extended periods of time because of the nature of the project and the timing of the particular services required by the project. In addition, the risk of contracts in backlog being cancelled or suspended generally increases during periods of widespread economic slowdowns or in response to changes in commodity prices.
The contracts in our backlog are subject to changes in the scope of services to be provided and adjustments to the costs relating to the contracts. The revenue for certain contracts included in backlog is based on estimates. Additionally, our performance of our individual contracts can affect greatly our gross margins and, therefore, our future profitability. We can provide no assurance that the contracts in backlog, assuming they produce revenues in the amounts currently estimated, will generate gross margins at the rates we have realized in the past.
The issuance of shares of our common stock upon the exercise of outstanding options, warrants and restricted stock units may dilute the percentage ownership of the then-existing stockholders and may make it more difficult to raise additional equity capital.
At March 31, 2024, there were options and warrants to purchase of 1,822 and 239,321 respectively, outstanding that could potentially dilute future net income per share. Because we had a net loss as of March 31, 2024, we are prohibited from including potential shares of common stock in the computation of diluted per share amounts. Accordingly, we used the same number of shares outstanding to calculate both the basic and diluted loss per share. At March 31, 2023, there were restricted stock units, options, including options to non-employees and non-directors and warrants to purchase 59,547, 1,822 and 126,521 shares of common stock, respectively, outstanding that could potentially dilute future net income per share.
If SG DevCorp were to default in its obligation to repay the loan received from BCV S&G it could adversely affect our investment in SG DevCorp.
To date, SG DevCorp has received $1,750,000 as a secured loan from BCV S&G, a Luxembourg-based specialized investment fund, and has entered into a loan agreement with BCV S&G DevCorp to receive up to $2,000,000 as a secured loan. The loan matures on December 1, 2024 and is secured by 1,999,999 of our shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock. The loan agreement, as amended, provides that if SG DevCorp’s shares of common stock were not listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market before September 30, 2023 or if following such listing the total market value of the pledged shares falls below twice the face value of the loan, the loan would be further secured by SG DevCorp’s St. Mary’s industrial site. Following the listing, the total market value of the pledged shares has fallen below twice the face value of the loan and SG DevCorp and BCV S&G are in discussions regarding alternatives. If SG DevCorp were to default in its obligation to repay the loan when due it could adversely affect our investment in SG DevCorp.
Changes in general economic conditions, geopolitical conditions, domestic and foreign trade policies, monetary policies and other factors beyond our control may adversely impact our business and operating results.
The uncertain financial markets, disruptions in supply chains, mobility restraints, and changing priorities as well as volatile asset values also affect our business operations and our ability to enter into collaborations and joint ventures. To date, inflation has caused increases on some of our estimated costs for construction projects in progress and completed during the past two fiscal years, which has affected our revenue and income(loss) from continuing operations. It is difficult to predict the impact on increasing inflation on our operations. We are actively monitoring the effects these disruptions and increasing inflation could have on our operations.
A number of other economic and geopolitical factors both in the U.S. and abroad, could ultimately have material adverse effects on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, including the following:
| ● | effects of significant changes in economic, monetary and fiscal policies in the U.S. and abroad including currency fluctuations, inflationary pressures and significant income tax changes;
|
| ● | supply chain disruptions;
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| a global or regional economic slowdown in any of our market segments;
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| changes in government policies and regulations affecting the Company or its significant customers;
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| ●
| postponement of spending, in response to tighter credit, financial market volatility and other factors;
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| ● | rapid material escalation of the cost of regulatory compliance and litigation;
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| ● | the effects of the war in the Middle East;
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| ●
| longer payment cycles;
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| ● | credit risks and other challenges in collecting accounts receivable; and
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| ● | the impact of each of the foregoing on outsourcing and procurement arrangements. |
Failure to meet NASDAQ’s continued listing requirements could result in the delisting of our common stock, negatively impact the price of our common stock and negatively impact our ability to raise additional capital.
On November 7, 2023, Safe & Green Holdings Corp. (the “Company”) received a deficiency letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) notifying the Company that for the preceding 30 consecutive business days (September 26, 2023 through November 6, 2023), the Company’s common stock did not maintain a minimum closing bid price of $1.00 (“Minimum Bid Price Requirement”) per share as required by Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2). In accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), the Company has a compliance period of 180 calendar days, or until May 6, 2024, to regain compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2). Compliance may be achieved automatically and without further action if the closing bid price of the Company’s common stock is at or above $1.00 for a minimum of ten consecutive business days at any time during the 180-day compliance period, in which case Nasdaq will notify the Company of its compliance and the matter will be closed. If, however, the Company does not achieve compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement by May 6, 2024, the Company may be eligible for additional time to comply. In order to be eligible for such additional time, the Company will be required to meet the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares and all other initial listing standards for The Nasdaq Capital Market, with the exception of the Minimum Bid Price Requirement, and must notify Nasdaq in writing of its intention to cure the deficiency during the second compliance period. The Company intends to actively monitor the bid price of its common stock and will consider available options to regain compliance with the Nasdaq listing requirements, including such actions as effecting a reverse stock split to maintain its Nasdaq listing.
If we cannot regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement, our common stock will be subject to delisting. If that were to occur, our common stock would be subject to rules that impose additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers who sell our securities. The additional burdens imposed upon broker-dealers by these requirements could discourage broker-dealers from effecting transactions in our common stock. This would adversely affect the ability of investors to trade our common stock and would adversely affect the value of our common stock. These factors could contribute to lower prices and larger spreads in the bid and ask prices for our common stock.
On May 16, 2014, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq stating that for the period from May 2, 2024 to May 15, 2024, the closing bid price of the Company’s common stock has been at $1.00 per share or greater, and accordingly the Company has regained compliance with Listing Rule 5550(a)(2). However, the Company cannot provide assurances that it will be able to continue to comply with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement in the future.
On May 16, 2024, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq notifying the Company that it was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1) (“Rule 5550(b)(1)”) because the stockholders’ equity of the Company of $6,334,859, as reported in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, was below the minimum requirement of $2.5 million. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company does not have a market value of listed securities of $35 million, or net income from continued operations of $500,000 in the most recently completed fiscal year or in two of the last three most recently completed fiscal years, the alternative quantitative standards for continued listing on Nasdaq. The notification received has no immediate effect on the Company’s continued listing on Nasdaq, subject to the Company’s compliance with the other continued listing requirements. The Company intends to submit a compliance plan by the deadline, monitor its stockholders’ equity, and if appropriate, evaluate further available options to regain compliance with Rule 5550(b)(1).
We did not sell any equity securities during the quarter ended March 31, 2024 in transactions that were not registered under the Securities Act other than as set forth in our previous filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
None.
Not applicable.
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Arrangements
During the three months ended December 31, 2023, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.
Nasdaq Notifications
On May 10, 2024, the Company received a letter (the “Delisting Notice”) from The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) notifying the Company that Nasdaq previously notified the Company on November 7, 2023 that the Company was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) (“Rule 5550(a)(2)”), which requires a minimum bid price of at least $1.00 per share for continued listing. On May 16, 2024, the Company received a letter (the “May 16 Compliance Notice”) from Nasdaq notifying the Company that it was now in compliance with Rule 5550(a)(2). Based on the Company’s closing bid price at or greater than $1.00 per share for 10 consecutive business days, from May 2, 2024 to May 15, 2024, Nasdaq has determined that the Company has regained compliance with Rule 5550(a)(2), and this matter is now closed according to the May 16 Compliance Notice.
As previously disclosed, on April 19, 2024, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq notifying it that it was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) (“Rule 5250(c)(1)”), which requires companies to timely file all required periodic financial reports with the SEC for continued listing. On May 13, 2024, the Company received a letter (the “May 13 Compliance Notice”) from Nasdaq notifying the Company that it was now in compliance with Rule 5250(c)(1). Based on the May 7, 2024 and May 10, 2024 filings of the Company’s Form 10-K and Form 10-K/A, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2023, Nasdaq has determined that the Company has regained compliance with Rule 5250(c)(1), and this matter is now closed according to the May 13 Compliance Notice.
On May 16, 2024, the Company received a letter (the “Deficiency Notice”) from Nasdaq notifying the Company that it was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1) (“Rule 5550(b)(1)”) because the stockholders’ equity of the Company of $6,334,859, as reported in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, was below the minimum requirement of $2.5 million. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company does not have a market value of listed securities of $35 million, or net income from continued operations of $500,000 in the most recently completed fiscal year or in two of the last three most recently completed fiscal years, the alternative quantitative standards for continued listing on Nasdaq.
The notification received has no immediate effect on the Company’s continued listing on Nasdaq, subject to the Company’s compliance with the other continued listing requirements.
In accordance with Nasdaq’s Listing Rules, the Company has 45 calendar days from the date of the Deficiency Notice, or no later than June 30, 2024, to submit a plan to regain compliance with Rule 5550(b)(1) (a “Compliance Plan”). The Company intends to submit a Compliance Plan within 45 calendar days of the date of the Deficiency Notice and will evaluate available options to regain compliance. If such Compliance Plan is accepted by Nasdaq, the Company will be granted up to 180 calendar days from May 16, 2024, to evidence compliance with Rule 5550(b)(1).
In the event the Company’s Compliance Plan is not accepted by Nasdaq, or in the event such Compliance Plan is accepted but the Company fails to evidence compliance within the extension period, the Company will have the right to a hearing before Nasdaq’s Hearing Panel (the “Panel”). The hearing request would stay any suspension or delisting action pending the conclusion of the hearing process and expiration of any additional extension period granted by the Panel following the hearing.
The Company intends to submit a Compliance Plan on or before June 30, 2024, monitor its stockholders’ equity and, if appropriate, consider further available options to evidence compliance with Rule 5550(b)(1).
