Fair Value Measurements | Fair Value Measurements The fair value of an asset is defined as the exit price, which is the amount that would either be received when an asset is sold or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers are: Level 1, for which quoted market prices for identical instruments are available in active markets, such as money market funds, equity securities, and U.S. Treasury securities; Level 2, for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the instrument, such as certain derivative instruments including interest rate caps, interest rate swaps, and foreign currency collars; and Level 3, for securities that do not fall into Level 1 or Level 2 and for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring us to develop our own assumptions. Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis The methods and assumptions described below were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument. For significant Level 3 items, we have also provided the unobservable inputs. Derivative Assets and Liabilities — Our derivative assets and liabilities, which are included in Other assets, net and Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities, respectively, in the consolidated financial statements, are comprised of foreign currency collars, interest rate swaps, interest rate caps, and stock warrants ( Note 9 ). The valuation of our derivative instruments (excluding stock warrants) is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, as well as observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves, spot and forward rates, and implied volatilities. We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative instruments for the effect of nonperformance risk, we have considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts, and guarantees. These derivative instruments were classified as Level 2 as these instruments are custom, over-the-counter contracts with various bank counterparties that are not traded in an active market. The stock warrants were measured at fair value using valuation models that incorporate market inputs and our own assumptions about future cash flows. We classified these assets as Level 3 because these assets are not traded in an active market. Equity Investment in CESH — We have elected to account for our investment in CESH, which is included in Equity investments in the Managed Programs and real estate in the consolidated financial statements, at fair value by selecting the equity method fair value option available under GAAP ( Note 7 ). We classified this investment as Level 3 because we primarily used valuation models that incorporate unobservable inputs to determine its fair value. Investment in Shares of Lineage Logistics — We have elected to apply the measurement alternative under ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments — Overall (Subtopic 825-10) to account for our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics (a cold storage REIT), which is included in Other assets, net in the consolidated financial statements. Under this alternative, the carrying value is adjusted for any impairments or changes in fair value resulting from observable transactions for similar or identical investments in the issuer. We classified this investment as Level 3 because it is not traded in an active market. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we recognized non-cash unrealized gains on our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics totaling $23.4 million due to additional outside investments at a higher price per share, which was recorded within Other gains and (losses) in the consolidated financial statements. In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2021, we received a cash dividend of $6.4 million from our investment in shares of Lineage Logistics, which was recorded within Non-operating income in the consolidated financial statements. See Note 13 for further discussion of the impact of Lineage Logistics’s conversion to a REIT during the first quarter of 2020. The fair value of this investment was $313.4 million and $290.0 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Investment in Shares of GCIF — We account for our investment in shares of Guggenheim Credit Income Fund (“GCIF”), which is included in Other assets, net in the consolidated financial statements, at fair value. We classified this investment as Level 2 because we used a quoted price from an inactive market to determine its fair value. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we redeemed a portion of our investment in shares of GCIF for approximately $0.8 million and recognized a net loss of $0.1 million, which was included within Other gains and (losses) in the consolidated statements of income. In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, we received distributions from our investment in shares of GCIF totaling less than $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, which were recorded within Non-operating income in the consolidated financial statements. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we recognized unrealized gains on our investment in shares of GCIF totaling $0.3 million, due to an increase in the net asset value of the investment, which was recognized within Other gains and (losses) in the consolidated financial statements. The fair value of our investment in shares of GCIF was $5.5 million and $6.1 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Investment in Preferred Shares of WLT — We account for our investment in preferred shares of WLT ( Note 3 ), which is included in Other assets, net in the consolidated financial statements, as available-for-sale debt securities at fair value. The fair value was primarily determined by a discounted cash flow approach based on a weighted-average probability analysis of certain redemption options. We classified this investment as Level 3 because the discounted cash flow valuation model incorporates unobservable inputs to determine its fair value, including a cash flow discount rate of 15%. The fair value of our investment in preferred shares of WLT was $46.3 million as of both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. We did not record dividend income on our investment in preferred shares of WLT during the three months ended March 31, 2021. We did not have any transfers into or out of Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 category of measurements during either the three months ended March 31, 2021 or 2020. Gains and losses (realized and unrealized) recognized on items measured at fair value on a recurring basis included in earnings are reported within Other gains and (losses) on our consolidated financial statements. Our other material financial instruments had the following carrying values and fair values as of the dates shown (dollars in thousands): March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020 Level Carrying Value Fair Value Carrying Value Fair Value Senior Unsecured Notes, net (a) (b) (c) 2 $ 5,451,520 $ 5,784,209 $ 5,146,192 $ 5,639,586 Non-recourse mortgages, net (a) (b) (d) 3 728,663 727,549 1,145,554 1,148,551 __________ (a) The carrying value of Senior Unsecured Notes, net ( Note 10 ) includes unamortized deferred financing costs of $29.5 million and $23.9 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The carrying value of Non-recourse mortgages, net includes unamortized deferred financing costs of $0.2 million and $0.4 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. (b) The carrying value of Senior Unsecured Notes, net includes unamortized discount of $29.5 million and $22.6 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The carrying value of Non-recourse mortgages, net includes unamortized discount of $4.2 million and $4.5 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. (c) We determined the estimated fair value of the Senior Unsecured Notes using observed market prices in an open market, which may experience limited trading volume. (d) We determined the estimated fair value of our non-recourse mortgage loans using a discounted cash flow model that estimates the present value of the future loan payments by discounting such payments at current estimated market interest rates. The estimated market interest rates consider interest rate risk and the value of the underlying collateral, which includes quality of the collateral, the credit quality of the tenant/obligor, and the time until maturity. We estimated that our other financial assets and liabilities, including amounts outstanding under our Senior Unsecured Credit Facility ( Note 10 ), but excluding finance receivables ( Note 5 ), had fair values that approximated their carrying values at both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Items Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis (Including Impairment Charges) We periodically assess whether there are any indicators that the value of our real estate investments may be impaired or that their carrying value may not be recoverable. There have been no significant changes in our impairment policies from what was disclosed in the 2020 Annual Report. The following tables present information about assets for which we recorded an impairment charge and that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis (in thousands): Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 2020 Fair Value Measurements Impairment Charges Fair Value Measurements Impairment Charges Impairment Charges Equity investments in the Managed Programs and real estate $ 8,175 $ 6,830 $ 37,396 $ 47,112 Land, buildings and improvements and intangibles — — 12,148 19,420 $ 6,830 $ 66,532 Impairment charges, and their related triggering events and fair value measurements, recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows: Equity Investments in the Managed Programs and Real Estate The other-than-temporary impairment charges described below are reflected within Equity in losses of equity method investments in the Managed Programs and real estate in our consolidated statements of income. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we recognized an other-than-temporary impairment charge of $6.8 million on a jointly owned real estate investment to reduce the carrying value of our investment to its estimated fair value, which declined due to changes in expected cash flows from the office facility owned by the investment, related to the existing tenant’s lease expiration in 2028. The fair value measurement was determined by estimating discounted cash flows using three significant unobservable inputs, which are the cash flow discount rate (5.75%), residual discount rate (7.50%), and residual capitalization rate (6.75%). During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we recognized other-than-temporary impairment charges of $27.8 million and $19.3 million on our equity investments in CWI 1 and CWI 2, respectively, to reduce the carrying values of our investments to their estimated fair values, due to the adverse effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the operations of CWI 1 and CWI 2. The fair value measurements were estimated based on implied asset value changes and changes in market capitalizations for publicly traded lodging REITs, all of which was obtained from third-party market data. Land, Buildings and Improvements and Intangibles The impairment charges described below are reflected within Impairment charges in our consolidated statements of income. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we recognized impairment charges totaling $16.0 million on two properties leased to the same tenant in order to reduce the carrying values of the properties to their estimated fair values, due to potential property vacancies. The fair value measurements for the properties were determined using a direct capitalization rate analysis based on the probability of vacancy versus the tenant continuing in the lease; the capitalization rate for the various scenarios ranged from 6% to 11%. In addition, we recognized an impairment charge of $3.4 million on a property in order to reduce the carrying value of the property to its estimated fair value. The fair value measurement for this property approximated its estimated selling price; it was sold in September 2020. |