Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Industries Activities | SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ON OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES (UNAUDITED) Costs Incurred Related to Oil and Gas Activities The Company’s oil and gas activities for 2015, 2014 and 2013 were entirely within the United States of America. Costs incurred in oil and gas producing activities were as follows ( in thousands Years Ended December 31, 2015 2014 (1) 2013 Acquisition cost: Proved $ 4,508 $ 74,728 $ 51,488 Unproved 10,646 36,236 32,863 Exploration costs: Exploratory drilling — — 64 Geological and geophysical 142 111 394 Development costs 56,862 75,105 32,511 Total additions $ 72,158 $ 186,180 $ 117,320 (1) Acquisition costs include the fair value of the legacy Earthstone proved properties equal to $22.1 million and $5.5 million of unproved properties that were added in the Exchange Agreement which was accounted for as a reserve acquisition. Acquisitions costs also included $34.7 million and $21.9 million in proved and unproved additions related to the 2014 Eagle Ford Acquisition. During the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, additions to oil and gas properties of $0.2 million. $0.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively, were recorded for estimated costs of future abandonment related to new wells drilled or acquired. The net changes in capitalized exploratory well costs were as follows ( in thousands December 31, 2015 2014 2013 Balance, beginning of year $ — $ — $ 2,032 Additions to capitalized exploratory well costs pending the determination of proved reserves — — 64 Capitalized exploratory well costs charged to expense — — (2,096 ) Balance, end of year $ — $ — $ — Oil and Natural Gas Reserves Users of this information should be aware that the process of estimating quantities of “proved” and “proved developed” oil and natural gas reserves is very complex, requiring significant subjective decisions in the evaluation of all available geological, engineering and economic data for each reservoir. The data for a given reservoir may also change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors including, but not limited to, additional development activity, evolving production history and continual reassessment of the viability of production under varying economic conditions. As a result, revisions to existing reserve estimates may occur from time to time. Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure reserve estimates reported represent the most accurate assessments possible, the subjective decisions and variances in available data for various reservoirs make these estimates generally less precise than other estimates included in the financial statement disclosures. Proved reserves represent estimated quantities of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids that geological and engineering data demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under economic and operating conditions in effect when the estimates were made. Proved developed reserves represent estimated quantities expected to be recovered through wells and equipment in place and under operating methods used when the estimates were made. The proved reserves estimates shown herein for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 have been independently prepared by Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc. The reserve information in these consolidated financial statements represents only estimates. There are a number of uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of proved reserves, including many factors beyond the Company’s control, such as commodity pricing. Reserve engineering is a subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and natural gas that cannot be measured in an exact manner. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and engineering and geological interpretation and judgement. As a result, estimates by different engineers may vary. In addition, results of drilling, testing and production subsequent to the date of an estimate may lead to revising the original estimate. Accordingly, initial reserve estimates are often different from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered. The meaningfulness of such estimates depends primarily on the accuracy of the assumptions upon which they were based. Except to the extent the Company acquires additional properties containing proved reserves or conducts successful exploration and development activities or both, the Company’s proved reserves will decline as reserves are produced. The following table illustrates the Company’s estimated net proved reserves, including changes, and proved developed and proved undeveloped reserves for the periods indicated. The oil prices as of December 31, 2015, 2014, and 2013 are based on the respective 12-month unweighted average of the first of the month prices of the West Texas Intermediate spot prices which equates to $50.28 per barrel, $94.99 per barrel, and $96.94 per barrel, respectively. The natural gas prices as of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are based on the respective 12-month unweighted average of the first of month prices of the Henry Hub spot price which equates to $2.59 per MMBtu, $4.309 per MMBtu and $3.666 per MMBtu, respectively. All prices are adjusted by lease or field for energy content, transportation fees, and market differentials. All prices are held constant in accordance with SEC guidelines. A summary of the Company’s changes in quantities of proved oil and natural gas reserves for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 are as follows: Oil Natural Gas NGLs Total (MBbl) (MMcf) (MBbl) (MBOE) Balance - December 31, 2012 519 10,099 392 2,594 Extensions and discoveries 3,586 4,198 526 4,812 Sale of minerals in place (15 ) — — (15 ) Purchases of minerals in place 2,051 709 213 2,382 Production (163 ) (2,635 ) (134 ) (737 ) Revision to previous estimates 100 11,842 321 2,395 Balance - December 31, 2013 6,078 24,213 1,318 11,431 Extensions and discoveries 1,909 1,403 221 2,364 Purchases of minerals in place 7,025 6,064 437 8,473 Production (403 ) (2,132 ) (124 ) (882 ) Revision to previous estimates (806 ) 9,031 107 806 Balance - December 31, 2014 13,803 38,579 1,959 22,192 Extensions and discoveries 526 828 21 685 Sale of minerals in place (4 ) (8,040 ) — (1,344 ) Purchases of minerals in place 1,641 679 208 1,962 Production (904 ) (2,143 ) (176 ) (1,437 ) Revision to previous estimates (5,701 ) (16,565 ) (1,022 ) (9,484 ) Balance - December 31, 2015 9,361 13,338 990 12,574 Proved developed reserves: December 31, 2012 296 8,245 268 1,938 December 31, 2013 1,307 11,053 557 3,706 December 31, 2014 6,093 16,214 1,005 9,800 December 31, 2015 6,114 10,954 673 8,613 Proved undeveloped reserves: December 31, 2012 5,782 15,968 1,050 9,493 December 31, 2013 4,771 13,160 761 7,725 December 31, 2014 7,710 22,365 954 12,392 December 31, 2015 3,247 2,384 317 3,961 Total proved reserves decreased by 9.6 MMBoe during 2015 which is comprised of 1.2 MMBoe in proved developed reserves and 8.4 MMBoe in proved undeveloped reserves. Due to successful drilling in its Eagle Ford and Bakken properties, the Company converted 1.7 MMBoe from proved undeveloped reserves to proved developed. Purchases of minerals in place added an additional 0.1 MMBoe to proved developed reserves. These additions were offset by sales of minerals in place of 1.4 MMBoe and production of 1.4 MMBoe The company also had downward revision of 0.2 MMBoe to proved developed reserves during the year ended December 31, 2015. At December 31, 2015 the Company’s estimated proved undeveloped reserves (PUDs) were 4.0 MMBoe, a 8.4 MMBoe net decrease over the previous year’s estimate of 12.4 MMBoe. The following details the changes in PUD reserves for 2015 ( in MBoe Beginning proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2014 12,392 Undeveloped reserves transfer to developed (1,700 ) Revision (9,340 ) Purchases 1,924 Extensions and discoveries 685 Ending proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2015 3,961 The change to the PUD reserves was a result of the significant decline in oil and natural gas prices from December 31, 2014 to December 31, 2015. Oil prices declined from $94.99 per barrel to $50.28 per barrel while natural gas prices decreased from $4.309 per MMBtu to $2.59 per MMBtu. Extensions and Discoveries during the year ended December 31, 2015 were from the Company’s operated Eagle Ford and non-operated Bakken properties. All of the Company’s purchases of minerals in place reserves during the year ended December 31, 2015, occurred in the Eagle Ford property in Gonzales County, Texas. Based on the Company’s year-end 2015 reserve report, the Company expects to drill all of its PUD locations within five years. The total proved reserves increase of 10.8 MMBoe during 2014 is comprised of 6.1 MMBoe in proved developed and 4.7 MMBoe in proved undeveloped reserves. During 2014, the Company added 2.4 MMBoe in proved reserves due to extension and discoveries, the majority of which is due to successful drilling in its operated Eagle Ford property in Fayette and Gonzales counties, Texas. Both new wells drilled and completed during 2014 along with the PUD locations that were added because of this successful drilling contributed to the increase in proved reserves. Purchase of minerals in place of 8.5 MMBoe were as a result of the Exchanges Agreement whereby Oak Valley acquired the legacy Earthstone assets through a reverse acquisition and the Contribution Agreement where the Company acquired additional interests in its operated Eagle Ford property. The total proved reserves increase of 8.8 MMBoe during 2013 is comprised of 1.8 MMBoe in proved developed and 7.0 MMBoe in proved undeveloped reserves. During 2013, the Company added 4.8 MMBoe in proved reserves due to successful drilling in both its operated and non-operated Eagle Ford properties. The non-operated Eagle Ford property is located in La Salle county, Texas. Purchases of minerals in place of 2.4 MMBoe were as a result of the purchase, during the second half of 2013, of an approximately 30% working interest of the Company’s operated Eagle Ford property. All of the Company’s increases through extensions and discoveries occurred in its operated Eagle Ford property in Fayette and Gonzales counties, Texas as a result of successful drilling during 2014 which added additional PUD locations as well. PUDs that were converted during the year occurred in both the Company’s operated Eagle Ford and non-operated Bakken properties and 62% of the conversions occurred in the Eagle Ford property. Extensions and Discoveries were from the Company’s operated Eagle Ford and non-operated Bakken properties. All of the Company’s purchases of PUD reserves occurred in the Eagle Ford property in Gonzales County, Texas. Based on the Company’s year-end 2015 reserve report, the Company expects to drill all of its PUD locations within five years. For wells classified as proved developed producing where sufficient production history existed, reserves were based on individual well performance evaluation and production decline curve extrapolation techniques. For undeveloped locations and wells that lack sufficient production history, reserves were based on analogy to producing wells within the same area exhibiting similar geologic and reservoir characteristics, combined with volumetric methods. The volumetric estimates were based on geologic maps and rock and fluid properties derived from well logs, core data, pressure measurements, and fluid samples. Well spacing was determined from drainage patterns derived from a combination of performance-based recoveries and volumetric estimates for each area or field. PUD locations were limited to areas of uniformly high quality reservoir properties, between existing commercial producers. Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves The following Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows (Standardized Measure) has been developed utilizing ASC 932, Extractives Activities – Oil and Gas The Company believes that the following factors should be taken into account when reviewing the following information: · Future costs and commodity prices will probably differ from those required to be used in these calculations; · Due to future market conditions and governmental regulations, actual rates of production in future years may vary significantly from the rate of production assumed in the calculations; · A 10% discount rate may not be reasonable as a measure of the relative risk inherent in realizing future net oil and natural gas revenues; and · Future net revenues may be subject to different rates of income taxation At December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, as specified by the SEC, the prices for oil and natural gas used in this calculation were the unweighted 12-month average of the first day of the month prices, except for volumes subject to fixed price contracts. Estimates of future income taxes are computed using current statutory income tax rates including consideration for estimated future statutory depletion and tax credits. The resulting net cash flows are reduced to present value amounts by applying 10% discount factor. The Standardized Measure is as follows ( in thousands December 31, 2015 2014 2013 Future cash inflows $ 481,131 $ 1,464,138 $ 718,049 Future production costs (192,349 ) (427,113 ) (202,957 ) Future development costs (91,725 ) (312,010 ) (220,828 ) Future income tax expense — (180,248 ) — Future net cash flows 197,057 544,767 294,264 10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows (92,661 ) (288,911 ) (168,907 ) Standardized measure of discounted future cash flows $ 104,396 $ 255,856 $ 125,357 Changes in Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves The following is a summary of the changes in the Standardized Measure for the Company’s proved oil and natural gas reserves during each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2015 ( in thousands December 31, 2015 2014 2013 Beginning of year $ 255,856 $ 125,357 $ 25,132 Sales of oil and gas produced, net of production costs (29,152 ) (35,794 ) (20,287 ) Sales of minerals in place (2,470 ) — (380 ) Net changes in prices and production costs (288,064 ) (34,681 ) 241 Extensions, discoveries, and improved recoveries 6,514 54,157 48,006 Changes in income taxes, net (1) 88,944 (88,944 ) — Previously estimated development costs incurred during the period 26,977 18,252 3,227 Net changes in future development costs 6,697 7,028 (22,966 ) Purchases of minerals in place 7,695 163,309 56,069 Revisions of previous quantity estimates (16,671 ) 16,283 26,259 Accretion of discount 25,586 12,536 2,513 Changes in timing of estimated cash flows and other 22,484 18,353 7,543 End of year $ 104,396 $ 255,856 $ 125,357 (1) As a result of the December 19, 2014 Exchange, all historical financial information contained in this report is that of OVR and its subsidiaries. OVR, |