Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Industries Activities | SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ON OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES (UNAUDITED) Costs Incurred Related to Oil and Gas Activities Capitalized costs include the cost of properties, equipment, and facilities for oil and natural gas producing activities. Capitalized costs for proved properties include costs for oil and natural gas leaseholds where proved reserves have been identified, development wells, and related equipment and facilities, including development wells in progress. Capitalized costs for unproved properties include costs for acquiring oil and natural gas leaseholds where no proved reserves have been identified, including costs of exploratory wells that are in the process of drilling or in active completion, and costs of exploratory wells suspended or waiting on completion. The Company’s oil and natural gas activities for 2017, 2016 and 2015 were entirely within the United States of America. Costs incurred in oil and natural gas producing activities were as follows ( in thousands Years Ended December 31, 2017 (1) 2016 2015 Acquisition cost: Proved $ 315,376 $ 48,116 $ 4,508 Unproved 245,589 26,600 10,646 Exploration costs: Exploratory drilling — — — Geological and geophysical 1 5 142 Development costs 77,876 28,577 56,862 Total additions $ 638,842 $ 103,298 $ 72,158 (1) Acquisition costs incurred during 2017 consisted primarily of the assets acquired in the Bold Transaction described in Note 3. Acquisitions and Divestitures During the year ended December 31, 2017, additions to oil and natural gas properties of $0.1 million were recorded for estimated costs of future abandonment related to new wells drilled or acquired. During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, additions to oil and natural gas properties of $0.2 million were recorded for estimated costs of future abandonment related to new wells drilled or acquired. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company had no capitalized exploratory well costs, nor costs related to share-based compensation, general corporate overhead or similar activities. Capitalized Costs Capitalized costs, impairment, and depreciation, depletion and amortization relating to the Company’s oil and natural gas properties producing activities, all of which are conducted within the continental United States as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, are summarized below ( in thousands December 31, 2017 2016 Oil and gas properties, successful efforts method: Proved properties $ 714,180 $ 476,832 Accumulated impairment to proved properties (103,608 ) (113,760 ) Proved properties, net of accumulated impairments 610,572 363,072 Unproved properties 319,569 100,612 Accumulated impairment to Unproved properties (44,543 ) (48,889 ) Unproved properties, net of accumulated impairments 275,026 51,723 Total oil and gas properties, net of accumulated impairments 885,598 414,795 Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization (118,028 ) (145,393 ) Net oil and gas properties $ 767,570 $ 269,402 Oil and Natural Gas Reserves Users of this information should be aware that the process of estimating quantities of “proved” and “proved developed” oil and natural gas reserves is very complex, requiring significant subjective decisions in the evaluation of all available geological, engineering and economic data for each reservoir. The data for a given reservoir may also change substantially over time as a result of numerous factors including, but not limited to, additional development activity, evolving production history and continual reassessment of the viability of production under varying economic conditions. As a result, revisions to existing reserve estimates may occur from time to time. Although every reasonable effort is made to ensure reserve estimates reported represent the most accurate assessments possible, the subjective decisions and variances in available data for various reservoirs make these estimates generally less precise than other estimates included in the financial statement disclosures. Proved reserves represent estimated quantities of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids that geological and engineering data demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under economic and operating conditions in effect when the estimates were made. Proved developed reserves represent estimated quantities expected to be recovered through wells and equipment in place and under operating methods used when the estimates were made. The proved reserves estimates shown herein for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 have been prepared by Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc., independent petroleum engineers. Proved reserves were estimated in accordance with guidelines established by the SEC, which require that reserve estimates be prepared under existing economic and operating conditions based upon the 12-month unweighted average of the first-day-of-the-month prices. The reserve information in these Consolidated Financial Statements represents only estimates. There are a number of uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of proved reserves, including many factors beyond the Company’s control, such as commodity pricing. Reserve engineering is a subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and natural gas that cannot be measured in an exact manner. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and engineering and geological interpretation and judgement. As a result, estimates by different engineers may vary. In addition, results of drilling, testing and production subsequent to the date of an estimate may lead to revising the original estimate. Accordingly, initial reserve estimates are often different from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered. The meaningfulness of such estimates depends primarily on the accuracy of the assumptions upon which they were based. Except to the extent the Company acquires additional properties containing proved reserves or conducts successful exploration and development activities or both, the Company’s proved reserves will decline as reserves are produced. The following table illustrates the Company’s estimated net proved reserves, including changes, and proved developed and proved undeveloped reserves for the periods indicated. The oil prices as of December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 are based on the respective 12-month unweighted average of the first of the month prices of the West Texas Intermediate (“WTI”) spot prices which equates to $51.34 per barrel, $42.75 per barrel, and $50.28 per barrel, respectively. The natural gas prices as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 are based on the respective 12-month unweighted average of the first of month prices of the Henry Hub spot price which equates to $2.98 per MMBtu, $2.48 per MMBtu and $2.59 per MMBtu, respectively. Natural gas liquids are made up of ethane, propane, isobutane, normal butane and natural gasoline, each of which have different uses and different pricing characteristics. The natural gas liquids prices used to value reserves as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 averaged $22.59 per barrel, $13.21 per barrel and $14.11 per barrel, respectively. A summary of the Company’s changes in quantities of proved oil, natural gas and NGLs reserves for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 are as follows: Oil Natural Gas NGLs Total (MBbl) (MMcf) (MBbl) (MBOE) Balance - December 31, 2014 13,803 38,579 1,959 22,192 Extensions and discoveries 526 828 21 685 Sales of minerals in place (4 ) (8,040 ) — (1,344 ) Purchases of minerals in place 1,641 679 208 1,962 Production (904 ) (2,143 ) (176 ) (1,437 ) Revision to previous estimates (5,701 ) (16,565 ) (1,022 ) (9,484 ) Balance - December 31, 2015 9,361 13,338 990 12,574 Extensions and discoveries 345 285 30 423 Purchases of minerals in place 5,548 14,770 2,637 10,647 Production (878 ) (2,171 ) (225 ) (1,465 ) Revision to previous estimates (7,265 ) (5,821 ) (1,892 ) (10,128 ) Balance - December 31, 2016 7,111 20,401 1,540 12,051 Extensions and discoveries 19,558 29,644 6,264 30,763 Sales of minerals in place (1,833 ) (6,853 ) (1 ) (2,976 ) Purchases of minerals in place 28,176 46,709 9,950 45,911 Production (1,828 ) (3,260 ) (500 ) (2,872 ) Revision to previous estimates (3,857 ) 4,447 215 (2,901 ) Balance - December 31, 2017 (1) 47,327 91,088 17,468 79,976 Proved developed reserves: December 31, 2014 6,093 16,214 1,005 9,800 December 31, 2015 6,114 10,954 673 8,613 December 31, 2016 6,052 13,545 1,051 9,361 December 31, 2017 (2) 11,949 23,336 4,123 19,961 Proved undeveloped reserves: December 31, 2014 7,710 22,365 954 12,392 December 31, 2015 3,247 2,384 317 3,961 December 31, 2016 1,059 6,856 489 2,690 December 31, 2017 (3) 35,378 67,752 13,345 60,015 (1) Includes 26.8 MMBbl of oil, 51.6 Bcf of natural gas and 9.9 MMBbl of NGL reserves attributable to noncontrolling interests. (2) Includes 6.8 MMBbl of oil, 13.2 Bcf of natural gas and 2.3 MMBbl of NGL reserves attributable to noncontrolling interests. (3) Includes 20.0 MMBbl of oil, 38.4 Bcf of natural gas and 7.6 MMBbl of NGL reserves attributable to noncontrolling interests. Notable changes in proved reserves for the year ended December 31, 2017 included the following: • Extensions and discoveries. In 2017, total extensions and discoveries of 30,763 MBOE was a result of successful drilling results and well performance primarily related to the Midland Basin. The closing of the Bold Transaction in May 2017 which included primarily operated acreage in the Midland Basin was a significant contributor to this. • Sales of minerals in place. Sales of minerals in place totaled 2,976 MBOE during 2017 and were primarily related to the disposition of the Bakken properties, as further described in in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. • Purchases of minerals in place. In 2017, total purchases of minerals in place of 45,911 MBOE were primarily attributable to the Bold Transaction, whereby the Company acquired interests in 63 producing oil and natural gas wells, four proved developed non-producing wells and undeveloped acreage in the Midland Basin, as further described in in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements • Revision to previous estimates. In 2017, the downward revisions of prior reserves of 2,901 MBOE consisted of negative revisions to PUD reserves of 4,832 MBOE with improved proved developed reserves of 1,931 MBOE. PUD revisions are a result of (1) removal of approximately 2,011 MBOE of reserves due to delayed development plans of other operators in the Midland Basin that management previously expected to be developed within five years, (2) reduction of 2,378 MBOE upon closing of the Bold Transaction and making adjustments to development plans and PUD reserve assignments, and (3) non-participation in three Eagle Ford natural gas PUDs that were expected to develop 443 MBOE. Positive revisions are primarily a result of increased oil and natural gas prices during 2017. Notable changes in proved reserves for the year ended December 31, 2016 included the following: • Extension and discoveries. In 2016, total extensions and discoveries of 423 MBOE were primarily attributable to the successful drilling on the operated Eagle Ford and non-operated Bakken properties. • Purchase of minerals in place. In 2016, total purchases of minerals in place of 10,647 MBOE were primarily attributable to the Lynden Arrangement, whereby the Company acquired interests in non-operated Midland Basin properties. • Revision to previous estimates. In 2016, the downward revision to previous estimates of 10,128 MBOE for total proved reserves occurred primarily as a result of decreased oil and natural gas prices. Notable changes in proved reserves for the year ended December 31, 2015 included the following: • Extensions and discoveries. In 2015, total extensions and discoveries of 685 MBOE were primarily attributable to the successful drilling on the operated Eagle Ford and non-operated Bakken properties. • Sales of minerals in place. Sales of minerals in place totaled 1,344 MBOE during 2015 and were primarily related to the disposition of the Company’s Louisiana properties, as further described in in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. • Purchases of minerals in place. In 2015, total purchases of minerals in place of 1,962 MBOE were primarily attributable to interests acquired in the Eagle Ford Trend. • Revision to previous estimates. In 2015, the downward revision to previous estimates of 9,484 MBOE for total proved reserves occurred primarily as a result of decreased oil and natural gas prices. For wells classified as proved developed producing where sufficient production history existed, reserves were based on individual well performance evaluation and production decline curve extrapolation techniques. For undeveloped locations and wells that lack sufficient production history, reserves were based on analogy to producing wells within the same area exhibiting similar geologic and reservoir characteristics. Well spacing was determined from drainage patterns derived from a combination of performance-based recoveries and analogous producing wells for each area or field. PUD locations were limited to areas of uniformly high-quality reservoir properties, between existing commercial producers where the reservoir can, with reasonable certainty, be judged to be continuous with existing producers and contain economically producible oil and natural gas on the basis of available geoscience and engineering data. Changes in PUD reserves for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were as follows ( in MBOE Proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2014 12,392 Conversions to developed (1,700 ) Extensions and discoveries 685 Purchases of minerals in place 1,924 Revision to previous estimates (9,340 ) Proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2015 3,961 Conversions to developed (169 ) Extensions and discoveries 293 Purchases of minerals in place 873 Revision to previous estimates (2,268 ) Proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2016 2,690 Conversions to developed (2,756 ) Extensions and discoveries 27,977 Sales of minerals in place (391 ) Purchases of minerals in place 37,327 Revision to previous estimates (4,832 ) Proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2017 (1) 60,015 (1) Includes 34,029 MBOE attributable to noncontrolling interests. 2017 Changes in PUD reserves Conversions to developed . In the Company’s year-end 2016 plan to develop its PUDs within five years, the Company estimated that $6.9 million of capital would be expended in 2017 and that it would convert 732 MBOE. Because of the improvement in commodity prices and the change in its development plan for 2017, the Company actually spent $8.5 million to convert 622 MBOE to developed. The Company’s plan changed in that it developed more oil PUDs and elected not to participate in natural gas PUDs which included the above mentioned 443 MBOE associated with the Eagle Ford non-participation. The capital to develop the Company’s oil PUDs was higher on a per unit basis than the natural gas PUDs however the margins are higher for oil PUDs. The oil PUDs further benefited the Company’s longer-term operated development plans. Since the Bold Transaction closed in May 2017, the associated capital plan for the properties acquired in the Bold Transaction during 2017 was not considered in the Company’s year-end 2016 report. The Company did however incur $63.4 million to convert 2,134 MBOE of purchased PUD reserves to Developed. The Company intends to convert its proved undeveloped reserves into proved developed producing reserves in accordance with its estimates as of the date of the Company’s year-end 2017 reserve report . Extensions and discoveries . Additionally, 27,977 MBOE were added as extensions and discoveries due to successful drilling results on the Company’s acreage positions because of the wells it drilled. The increase was also supported by successful drilling results by other operators directly offsetting and in close proximity to the Company’s acreage. All of these drilling results increased the confidence of the reservoir continuity and performance of the associated reservoirs which increased the number of PUDs primarily in the Midland Basin. Sales of minerals in place. Sales of minerals in place totaled 391 MBOE during 2017 and were primarily related to the disposition of the Bakken properties, as further described in in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Purchases of minerals in place . During 2017, 37,327 MBOE were added to PUD reserves upon the closing of the Bold Transaction. Revision to previous estimates. Revisions of 4,832 MBOE were primarily due to (1) removal of approximately 2,011 MBOE of reserves due to delayed development plans of other operators in the Midland Basin that management previously expected to be developed within five years, (2) reduction of 2,378 MBOE upon the closing of the Bold Transaction and making adjustments to development plans and PUD reserve assignments, and (3) non-participation in three Eagle Ford natural gas PUDs that were expected to develop 443 MBOE. This non-participation has no impact on the Company’s ability to participate in future wells in this acreage position. 2016 Changes in PUD reserves In early 2016, due primarily to depressed prices of oil and natural gas, the Company placed a lower emphasis on the conversion of its PUDs into proved developed producing reserves. In the Company’s plan to convert these reserves over a five-year period, the Company estimated that $3.1 million of capital expenditure would be incurred in 2016, and the bulk of capital expenditures would occur over the following four years. The Company’s actual 2016 capital expenditures for conversion of proved undeveloped reserves were $3.2 million, in line with its estimates. The Company also had estimated that these capital expenditures would result in 258 MBOE of proved developed producing reserves. The Company’s actual estimated conversions were 169 MBOE. The difference was due primarily to one less location being drilled than the Company had estimated and lower initial reserve estimates for wells in certain units where all wells in the units had not been developed. This resulted in lower reserve estimates until the remaining wells in the units are drilled. As of December 31, 2016, the Company’s estimated proved undeveloped reserves were significantly lower than as of December 31, 2015, due to lower oil and natural gas prices used in making its 2016 estimates. Extensions and Discoveries during the year ended December 31, 2016, were from the Company’s operated Eagle Ford and non-operated Bakken properties. 2015 Changes in PUD reserves All of the Company’s purchases of minerals in place reserves during the year ended December 31, 2015, occurred in its Eagle Ford property in Gonzales County, Texas. Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves The following Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows (Standardized Measure) has been developed utilizing ASC Topic 932, Extractives Activities – Oil and Gas The Company believes that the following factors should be taken into account when reviewing the following information: • Future costs and commodity prices will probably differ from those required to be used in these calculations; • Due to future market conditions and governmental regulations, actual rates of production in future years may vary significantly from the rate of production assumed in the calculations; • A 10% discount rate may not be reasonable as a measure of the relative risk inherent in realizing future net oil and natural gas revenues; and • Future net revenues may be subject to different rates of income taxation. At December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, as specified by the SEC, the prices for oil and natural gas used in this calculation were the unweighted 12-month average of the first day of the month prices, except for volumes subject to fixed price contracts. Prices used to estimate reserves are included in Oil and Natural Gas Reserves The Standardized Measure is as follows ( in thousand December 31, 2017 2016 2015 Future cash inflows $ 2,948,989 $ 346,948 $ 481,131 Future production costs (757,716 ) (172,062 ) (192,349 ) Future development costs (677,093 ) (29,814 ) (91,725 ) Future income tax expense (33,644 ) — — Future net cash flows 1,480,536 145,072 197,057 10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows (887,836 ) (59,189 ) (92,661 ) Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows (1) $ 592,700 $ 85,883 $ 104,396 (1) At December 31, 2017, the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows includes $336.1 million attributable to noncontrolling interests. Changes in Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows Relating to Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserves The following is a summary of the changes in the Standardized Measure for the Company’s proved oil and natural gas reserves during each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017 ( in thousands December 31, 2017 2016 2015 Beginning of year $ 85,883 $ 104,396 $ 255,856 Sales of oil and gas produced, net of production costs (81,926 ) (24,998 ) (29,152 ) Sales of minerals in place (15,553 ) — (2,470 ) Net changes in prices and production costs 155,629 (102,143 ) (288,064 ) Extensions, discoveries, and improved recoveries 201,801 241 6,514 Changes in income taxes, net (5,941 ) — 88,944 Previously estimated development costs incurred during the 76,447 27,770 26,977 Net changes in future development costs (168,940 ) 102,267 6,697 Purchases of minerals in place 244,785 16,921 7,695 Revisions of previous quantity estimates 68,705 (45,239 ) (16,671 ) Accretion of discount 28,985 11,506 25,586 Changes in timing of estimated cash flows and other 2,825 (4,838 ) 22,484 End of year (1) $ 592,700 $ 85,883 $ 104,396 (1) At December 31, 2017, the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows includes $336.1 million attributable to noncontrolling interests. |