Loans | 5. Loans The following disclosure reports the Company’s loan portfolio segments and classes. Segments are groupings of similar loans at a level which the Company has adopted systematic methods of documentation for determining its ALLL. Classes are a disaggregation of the portfolio segments. The Company’s loan portfolio segments are: · Commercial loans – Commercial loans consist of loans to small and medium-sized businesses in a wide variety of industries. The Bank’s areas of emphasis in commercial lending include, but are not limited to, loans to wholesalers, manufacturers, municipalities, construction and business services companies. Commercial loans are generally collateralized by inventory, accounts receivable, equipment, real estate and other commercial assets, and may be supported by other credit enhancements such as personal guarantees. Risk arises primarily due to a difference between expected and actual cash flows of the borrowers. However, the recoverability of the Company’s investment in these loans is also dependent on other factors primarily dictated by the type of collateral securing these loans. The fair value of the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate as market conditions change. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the recovery of the Company’s investment is dependent upon the borrowers’ ability to collect amounts due from its customers. · Real estate - mortgage loans – Real estate mortgage loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. Commercial real estate lending activity is typically restricted to owner-occupied properties or to investor properties that are owned by customers with a current banking relationship. The primary risks of real estate mortgage loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the real estate that is being held as collateral and significant increases in interest rates, which may make the real estate mortgage loan unprofitable. Real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. · Construction and land loans – The Company originates loans to finance construction projects including one- to four-family residences, multifamily residences, commercial office, senior housing, and industrial projects. Residential construction loans are due upon the sale of the completed project and are generally collateralized by first liens on the real estate and have floating interest rates. Construction loans are considered to have higher risks due to construction completion and timing risk, and the ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property and the availability of long-term financing. Additionally, economic conditions may impact the Company’s ability to recover its investment in construction loans. Adverse economic conditions may negatively impact the real estate market which could affect the borrowers’ ability to complete and sell the project. Additionally, the fair value of the underlying collateral may fluctuate as market conditions change. The Company also originates loans for the acquisition and future development of land for residential building projects, as well as finished lots prepared to enter the construction phase. The primary risks include the borrower’s inability to pay and the inability of the Company to recover its investment due to a decline in the fair value of the underlying collateral. · Consumer loans – The Company provides a broad range of consumer loans to customers, including personal lines of credit, home equity loans, mortgage loans and automobile loans. Repayment of these loans is dependent on the borrowers’ ability to pay and the fair value of the underlying collateral. · Other loans – Other loans include lending products, such as taxable and tax exempt leasing, not defined as commercial, real estate, acquisition and development, construction, or consumer loans. The loan portfolio segments at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows: (in thousands) At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017 Commercial $ 1,236,721 $ 1,250,356 Real estate - mortgage 1,248,908 1,250,423 Construction & land 230,719 266,081 Consumer 272,702 282,101 Other 97,628 98,916 Loans held for investment 3,086,678 3,147,877 Allowance for loan losses (36,796) (37,941) Unearned net loan fees (2,236) (2,314) Total net loans $ 3,047,646 $ 3,107,622 The Company routinely acquires participating interests in loans originated by other banks which are subsequently included in the loan portfolio. At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, overdraft demand deposits totaling $0.2 million were reclassified from deposits to loans. The Company maintains a loan review program independent of the lending function that is designed to reduce and control risk in lending. It includes the continuous monitoring of lending activities with respect to underwriting and processing new loans, preventing insider abuse and timely follow-up and corrective action for loans showing signs of deterioration in quality. The Company also has a systematic process to evaluate individual loans and pools of loans within our loan portfolio. The Company maintains a loan grading system whereby each loan is assigned a grade between 1 and 8, with 1 representing the highest quality credit, 7 representing a nonaccrual loan where collection or liquidation in full is highly questionable and improbable, and 8 representing a loss that has been or will be charged-off. Grades are assigned based upon the degree of risk associated with repayment of a loan in the normal course of business pursuant to the original terms. Loans that are graded 5 or lower are categorized as non-classified credits while loans graded 6 and higher are categorized as classified credits. Loan grade changes are evaluated on a monthly basis. Loans above a certain dollar amount that are adversely graded are reported to the Special Assets Group Manager and the Chief Credit Officer along with current financial information, a collateral analysis and an action plan. The loan portfolio showing total non-classified and classified balances by loan class at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is summarized below: At March 31, 2018 (in thousands) Non-classified Classified Total Commercial Manufacturing $ 69,211 $ 7,368 $ 76,579 Finance and insurance 48,509 1,670 50,179 Healthcare 164,842 2,389 167,231 Real estate services 121,183 6,095 127,278 Construction 62,499 3,218 65,717 Public administration 255,454 534 255,988 Other 448,978 44,771 493,749 1,170,676 66,045 1,236,721 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 477,346 11,137 488,483 Residential & commercial investor 759,847 578 760,425 1,237,193 11,715 1,248,908 Construction & land 230,719 - 230,719 Consumer 267,866 4,836 272,702 Other 96,288 1,340 97,628 Total loans held for investment $ 3,002,742 $ 83,936 $ 3,086,678 Unearned net loan fees (2,236) Net loans held for investment $ 3,084,442 At December 31, 2017 (in thousands) Non-classified Classified Total Commercial Manufacturing $ 82,275 $ 2,912 $ 85,187 Finance and insurance 40,796 1,722 42,518 Healthcare 161,162 2,623 163,785 Real estate services 124,861 3,986 128,847 Construction 67,232 758 67,990 Public administration 239,230 847 240,077 Other 468,562 53,390 521,952 1,184,118 66,238 1,250,356 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 481,061 3,574 484,635 Residential & commercial investor 765,210 578 765,788 1,246,271 4,152 1,250,423 Construction & land 266,081 - 266,081 Consumer 279,191 2,910 282,101 Other 97,542 1,374 98,916 Total loans held for investment $ 3,073,203 $ 74,674 $ 3,147,877 Unearned net loan fees (2,314) Net loans held for investment $ 3,145,563 Transactions in the ALLL by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 are summarized below: Three months ended March 31, (in thousands) 2018 2017 Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period Commercial $ 16,837 $ 15,398 Real estate - mortgage 12,690 11,475 Construction & land 4,034 1,997 Consumer 2,617 2,803 Other 826 945 Unallocated 937 675 Total 37,941 33,293 Provision Commercial $ 523 $ 414 Real estate - mortgage 199 317 Construction & land (801) (14) Consumer (17) (279) Other 16 (29) Unallocated (245) 198 Total (325) 607 Charge-offs Commercial $ (1,106) $ (26) Consumer (9) (80) Total (1,115) (106) Recoveries Commercial $ 269 $ 114 Real estate - mortgage 3 5 Construction & land 17 294 Consumer 6 4 Total 295 417 Allowance for loan losses, end of period Commercial $ 16,523 $ 15,900 Real estate - mortgage 12,892 11,797 Construction & land 3,250 2,277 Consumer 2,597 2,448 Other 842 916 Unallocated 692 873 Total $ 36,796 $ 34,211 The Company estimates the ALLL in accordance with ASC 310 for purposes of evaluating loan impairment on a loan-by-loan basis and ASC 450 for purposes of collectively evaluating loan impairment by grouping loans with common risk characteristics (i.e. risk classification, past-due status, type of loan, and collateral). The ALLL is comprised of the following components: · Specific Reserves – The Company continuously evaluates its reserve for loan losses to maintain an adequate level to absorb loan losses incurred in the loan portfolio. Reserves on loans identified as impaired, including troubled debt restructurings, are based on discounted expected cash flows using the loan’s initial effective interest rate, the observable market value of the loan or the fair value of the collateral for certain collateral-dependent loans. The fair value of the collateral is determined in accordance with ASC 820. Loans are considered to be impaired in accordance with the provisions of ASC 310 when it is probable that all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms will not be collected. Factors contributing to the determination of specific reserves include the financial condition of the borrower, changes in the value of pledged collateral and general economic conditions. Troubled debt restructurings meet the definition of an impaired loan under ASC 310 and therefore, troubled debt restructurings are subject to impairment evaluation on a loan-by-loan basis. For collateral dependent loans that have been specifically identified as impaired, the Company measures fair value based on third-party appraisals, adjusted for estimated costs to sell the property. Upon impairment, the Company will obtain a new appraisal if one had not been previously obtained in the last 12 months. For credits over $2.0 million, the Company typically engages an additional third-party appraiser to review the appraisal. For credits under $2.0 million, the Company’s internal appraisal department reviews the appraisal. All appraisals are reviewed for adherence to regulations and mathematical accuracy and reasonableness based on recent sales transactions that may have occurred subsequent to or at the time of the appraisal. Based on this analysis, the appraised value may be adjusted downward if there is evidence that the appraised value may not be indicative of fair value. Each appraisal is updated on an annual basis, either through a new appraisal or through the Company’s comprehensive internal review process. Values are reviewed and monitored internally and fair value is re-assessed at least quarterly or more frequently when events or circumstances occur that indicate a change in fair value. · General Reserves – General reserves are considered part of the allocated portion of the ALLL. The Company uses a comprehensive loan grading process for our loan portfolios. Based on this process, a loss factor is assigned to each pool of graded loans. A combination of loss experience and external loss data is used in determining the appropriate loss factor. This estimate represents the probable incurred losses within the portfolio. In evaluating the adequacy of the ALLL, management considers historical losses (Migration), as well as other factors including changes in: · Lending policies and procedures · National and local economic and business conditions and developments · Nature and volume of portfolio · Trends of the volume and severity of past-due and classified loans · Trends in the volume of nonaccrual loans, troubled debt restructurings, and other loan modifications · Credit concentrations Troubled debt restructurings have a direct impact on the ALLL to the extent a loss has been recognized in relation to the loan modified. This is consistent with the Company’s consideration of Migration in determining general reserves. The aforementioned factors enable management to recognize environmental conditions contributing to incurred losses in the portfolio, which have not yet manifested in Migration. Management believes Migration history adequately captures a substantial percentage of probable incurred losses within the portfolio. In addition to the allocated reserve for graded loans, a portion of the ALLL is determined by segmenting the portfolio into product groupings with similar risk characteristics. Part of the segmentation involves assigning increased reserve factors to those lending activities deemed higher-risk, such as leverage-financings, unsecured loans, certain loans lacking personal guarantees, senior housing, speculative residential construction and multifamily loans. · Unallocated Reserves – The unallocated reserve, which is judgmentally determined, is maintained to recognize the imprecision in estimating and measuring loss when evaluating reserves for individual loans or pools of loans. The unallocated reserve consists of a missed grade component that is intended to capture the inherent risk that certain loans may be assigned an incorrect loan grade. In assessing the reasonableness of management’s assumptions, consideration is given to select peer ratios, industry standards and directional consistency of the ALLL. Ratio analysis highlights divergent trends in the relationship of the ALLL to nonaccrual loans, to total loans and to historical charge-offs. Although these comparisons can be helpful as a supplement to assess reasonableness of management assumptions, they are not, by themselves, sufficient basis for determining the adequacy of the ALLL. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the ALLL is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control, including the performance of the loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications. The following table summarizes loans held for investment and the ALLL on the basis of the impairment method: At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017 Individually evaluated for impairment Collectively evaluated for impairment Individually evaluated for impairment Collectively evaluated for impairment (in thousands) Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Commercial $ 52,839 $ 5,546 $ 1,184,337 $ 10,977 $ 56,566 $ 5,862 $ 1,194,005 $ 10,975 Real estate - mortgage 4,354 395 1,243,577 12,497 1,331 109 1,248,166 12,581 Construction & land 1,044 74 227,854 3,176 1,071 91 263,330 3,943 Consumer 1,339 129 271,444 2,468 1,366 148 280,783 2,469 Other 24 24 97,630 818 - - 98,945 826 Unallocated - - - 692 - - - 937 Total $ 59,600 $ 6,168 $ 3,024,842 $ 30,628 $ 60,334 $ 6,210 $ 3,085,229 $ 31,731 Information on impaired loans at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is reported in the following tables: At March 31, 2018 Recorded Recorded Recorded investment investment Unpaid investment with a with no principal in impaired related related Related (in thousands) balance loans allowance allowance allowance Commercial Manufacturing $ 4,365 $ 4,365 $ 4,365 $ - $ 1,161 Finance and insurance 472 472 16 456 16 Healthcare 602 602 438 164 216 Real estate services 5,035 5,035 5,035 - 270 Construction 1,593 1,593 1,516 77 117 Other 41,973 40,772 39,632 1,140 3,766 54,040 52,839 51,002 1,837 5,546 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 3,605 3,605 4,531 (926) 383 Residential & commercial investor 749 749 171 578 12 4,354 4,354 4,702 (348) 395 Construction & land 1,044 1,044 1,044 - 74 Consumer 1,339 1,339 189 1,150 129 Other 24 24 24 - 24 Total $ 60,801 $ 59,600 $ 56,961 $ 2,639 $ 6,168 At December 31, 2017 Recorded Recorded Recorded investment investment Unpaid investment with a with no principal in impaired related related Related (in thousands) balance loans allowance allowance allowance Commercial Manufacturing $ 3,302 $ 3,302 $ 3,302 $ - $ 238 Finance and insurance 473 473 17 456 17 Healthcare 718 718 459 259 207 Real estate services 7,982 7,982 7,982 - 544 Construction 1,689 1,457 977 480 71 Public administration 313 313 313 - 27 Other 42,660 42,321 41,030 1,291 4,758 57,137 56,566 54,080 2,486 5,862 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 1,159 1,159 1,102 57 94 Residential & commercial investor 172 172 172 - 15 1,331 1,331 1,274 57 109 Construction & land 1,071 1,071 1,071 - 91 Consumer 1,366 1,366 212 1,154 148 Total $ 60,905 $ 60,334 $ 56,637 $ 3,697 $ 6,210 Three months ended March 31, 2018 2017 (in thousands) Average recorded Interest income Average recorded Interest income Commercial Manufacturing $ 3,834 $ 63 $ 2,046 $ 29 Finance and insurance 473 7 59 - Healthcare 660 16 246 6 Real estate services 6,509 20 6,244 50 Construction 1,525 26 1,586 20 Public administration 313 1 - - Other 41,547 719 9,603 179 54,861 852 19,784 284 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 2,382 68 1,328 9 Residential & commercial investor 460 9 2,400 20 2,842 77 3,728 29 Construction & land 1,057 9 1,893 16 Consumer 1,215 10 238 1 Other 150 2 - - Total $ 60,125 $ 950 $ 25,643 $ 330 Interest income recognized on impaired loans presented in the table above primarily represents interest earned on troubled debt restructurings that meet the definition of an impaired loan and are subject to disclosure. Interest income that would have been recorded if nonaccrual loans performed in accordance with their contractual terms was immaterial in the periods presented. The table below summarizes transactions related to troubled debt restructurings during the three months ended March 31, 2018. (in thousands) Performing Nonperforming Total Beginning balance at December 31, 2017 $ 52,817 $ 3,682 $ 56,499 New restructurings 4,459 164 4,623 Change in accrual status (11,750) 11,750 - Net paydowns (4,126) (337) (4,463) Charge-offs - (999) (999) Ending balance at March 31, 2018 $ 41,400 $ 14,260 $ 55,660 The table below provides information regarding troubled debt restructurings that occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017. Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment reflects the Company’s recorded investment immediately before the modification. Post-modification outstanding recorded investment represents the Company’s recorded investment at the end of the reporting period. The table below does not include loans restructured and paid off during the periods presented. Three months ended March 31, 2018 Three months ended March 31, 2017 Pre-modification Post-modification Pre-modification Post-modification outstanding outstanding outstanding outstanding Number of recorded recorded Number of recorded recorded ($ in thousands) contracts investment investment contracts investment investment Commercial Manufacturing 2 $ 720 $ 699 - $ - $ - Healthcare - - - 2 329 193 Construction 2 946 714 - - - Other 3 558 555 3 1,357 1,353 7 $ 2,224 $ 1,968 5 $ 1,686 $ 1,546 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 2 2,109 2,078 - - - Residential & commercial investor 1 578 578 - - - Total 10 $ 4,911 $ 4,624 5 $ 1,686 $ 1,546 Troubled debt restructurings during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 resulted primarily from the extension of repayment terms and interest rate concessions. The Company had no charge-offs in conjunction with loans restructured during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017. At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, there were $2.3 million and $4.0 million in outstanding commitments on restructured loans, respectively. There were no loans restructured within the past 12 months that had a payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2017. The table below presents troubled loans restructured within the past 12 months that had a payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2018. Three months ended March 31, 2018 Troubled debt restructurings that subsequently defaulted Number of contracts Recorded investment Commercial Finance and insurance 1 $ 456 Total 1 $ 456 The Company’s nonaccrual loans by class at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 are reported in the following table: (in thousands) At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017 Commercial Manufacturing $ 1,846 $ - Finance and insurance 472 473 Healthcare 602 718 Construction 240 681 Other 13,244 4,313 Total commercial 16,404 6,185 Real estate-mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 518 57 Total real estate - mortgage 518 57 Consumer 1,254 1,275 Other 24 - Total nonaccrual loans $ 18,200 $ 7,517 The tables below summarize the aging of the Company’s loan portfolio at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. At March 31, 2018 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 days or more Days Days 90+ Days Total past due and (in thousands) past due past due past due past due Current Total loans accruing Commercial Manufacturing $ 406 $ 479 $ 1,366 $ 2,251 $ 74,328 $ 76,579 $ - Finance and insurance 3,962 - 456 4,418 45,761 50,179 - Healthcare 199 10 113 322 166,909 167,231 - Real estate services 60 - - 60 127,218 127,278 - Construction 251 600 - 851 64,866 65,717 - Public administration - - - - 255,988 255,988 - Other 9,362 11,000 1,117 21,479 472,270 493,749 - 14,240 12,089 3,052 29,381 1,207,340 1,236,721 - Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 1,374 - - 1,374 487,109 488,483 - Residential & commercial investor 629 - - 629 759,796 760,425 - 2,003 - - 2,003 1,246,905 1,248,908 - Construction & land - - - - 230,719 230,719 - Consumer - 10 1,123 1,133 271,569 272,702 - Other - - - - 97,628 97,628 - Total loans held for investment $ 16,243 $ 12,099 $ 4,175 $ 32,517 $ 3,054,161 $ 3,086,678 $ - Unearned net loan fees (2,236) Net loans held for investment $ 3,084,442 At December 31, 2017 Recorded investment in loans 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 days or more Days Days 90+ Days Total past due and (in thousands) past due past due past due past due Current Total loans accruing Commercial Manufacturing $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 85,187 $ 85,187 $ - Finance and insurance - 456 213 669 41,849 42,518 213 Healthcare 370 - 113 483 163,302 163,785 - Real estate services 1,503 - 135 1,638 127,209 128,847 135 Construction 721 600 681 2,002 65,988 67,990 - Public administration - - - - 240,077 240,077 - Other 3,463 459 2,302 6,224 515,728 521,952 - 6,057 1,515 3,444 11,016 1,239,340 1,250,356 348 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 426 689 - 1,115 483,520 484,635 - Residential & commercial investor 875 299 - 1,174 764,614 765,788 - 1,301 988 - 2,289 1,248,134 1,250,423 - Construction & land 730 - - 730 265,351 266,081 - Consumer 1,423 15 1,107 2,545 279,556 282,101 - Other - 2 - 2 98,914 98,916 - Total loans held for investment $ 9,511 $ 2,520 $ 4,551 $ 16,582 $ 3,131,295 $ 3,147,877 $ 348 Unearned net loan fees (2,314) Net loans held for investment $ 3,145,563 |