Loans | 5. Loans The following disclosure reports the Company’s loan portfolio segments and classes. Segments are groupings of similar loans at a level which the Company has adopted systematic methods of documentation for determining its ALLL. Classes are a disaggregation of the portfolio segments. The Company’s loan portfolio segments are: · Commercial loans – Commercial loans consist of loans to small and medium-sized businesses in a wide variety of industries. The Bank’s areas of emphasis in commercial lending include, but are not limited to, loans to wholesalers, manufacturers, municipalities, construction and business services companies. Commercial loans are generally collateralized by inventory, accounts receivable, equipment, real estate and other commercial assets, and may be supported by other credit enhancements such as personal guarantees. Risk arises primarily due to a difference between expected and actual cash flows of the borrowers. However, the recoverability of the Company’s investment in these loans is also dependent on other factors primarily dictated by the type of collateral securing these loans. The fair value of the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate as market conditions change. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the recovery of the Company’s investment is dependent upon the borrowers’ ability to collect amounts due from its customers. · Real estate - mortgage loans – Real estate mortgage loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. Commercial real estate lending activity is typically restricted to owner-occupied properties or to investor properties that are owned by customers with a current banking relationship. The primary risks of real estate mortgage loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the real estate that is being held as collateral and significant increases in interest rates, which may make the real estate mortgage loan unprofitable. Real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. · Construction and land loans – The Company originates loans to finance construction projects including one- to four-family residences, multifamily residences, commercial office, senior housing, and industrial projects. Residential construction loans are due upon the sale of the completed project and are generally collateralized by first liens on the real estate and have floating interest rates. Construction loans are considered to have higher risks due to construction completion and timing risk, and the ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property and the availability of long-term financing. Additionally, economic conditions may impact the Company’s ability to recover its investment in construction loans. Adverse economic conditions may negatively impact the real estate market which could affect the borrowers’ ability to complete and sell the project. Additionally, the fair value of the underlying collateral may fluctuate as market conditions change. The Company also originates loans for the acquisition and future development of land for residential building projects, as well as finished lots prepared to enter the construction phase. The primary risks include the borrower’s inability to pay and the inability of the Company to recover its investment due to a decline in the fair value of the underlying collateral. · Consumer loans – The Company provides a broad range of consumer loans to customers, including personal lines of credit, home equity loans, mortgage loans and automobile loans. Repayment of these loans is dependent on the borrowers’ ability to pay and the fair value of the underlying collateral. · Other loans – Other loans include lending products, such as taxable and tax exempt leasing, not defined as commercial, real estate, acquisition and development, construction, or consumer loans. The loan portfolio segments at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows: (in thousands) At June 30, 2018 At December 31, 2017 Commercial $ 1,222,036 $ 1,250,356 Real estate - mortgage 1,234,414 1,250,423 Construction & land 244,444 266,081 Consumer 273,900 282,101 Other 93,267 98,916 Loans held for investment 3,068,061 3,147,877 Allowance for loan losses (35,834) (37,941) Unearned net loan fees (1,807) (2,314) Total net loans $ 3,030,420 $ 3,107,622 The Company routinely acquires participating interests in loans originated by other banks which are subsequently included in the loan portfolio. At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, overdraft demand deposits totaling $0.4 million and $0.2 million, respectively, were reclassified from deposits to loans. The Company maintains a loan review program independent of the lending function that is designed to reduce and control risk in lending. It includes the continuous monitoring of lending activities with respect to underwriting and processing new loans, preventing insider abuse and timely follow-up and corrective action for loans showing signs of deterioration in quality. The Company also has a systematic process to evaluate individual loans and pools of loans within our loan portfolio. The Company maintains a loan grading system whereby each loan is assigned a grade between 1 and 8, with 1 representing the highest quality credit, 7 representing a nonaccrual loan where collection or liquidation in full is highly questionable and improbable, and 8 representing a loss that has been or will be charged-off. Grades are assigned based upon the degree of risk associated with repayment of a loan in the normal course of business pursuant to the original terms. Loans that are graded 5 or lower are categorized as non-classified credits while loans graded 6 and higher are categorized as classified credits. Loan grade changes are evaluated on a monthly basis. Loans above a certain dollar amount that are adversely graded are reported to the Special Assets Group Manager and the Chief Credit Officer along with current financial information, a collateral analysis and an action plan. The loan portfolio showing total non-classified and classified balances by loan class at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is summarized below: At June 30, 2018 (in thousands) Non-classified Classified Total Commercial Manufacturing $ 72,323 $ 6,509 $ 78,832 Finance and insurance 53,978 117 54,095 Healthcare 158,643 1,766 160,409 Real estate services 115,451 2,507 117,958 Construction 72,111 3,702 75,813 Public administration 249,606 534 250,140 Other 447,490 37,299 484,789 1,169,602 52,434 1,222,036 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 508,871 16,467 525,338 Residential & commercial investor 706,067 3,009 709,076 1,214,938 19,476 1,234,414 Construction & land 239,632 4,812 244,444 Consumer 270,200 3,700 273,900 Other 91,961 1,306 93,267 Total loans held for investment $ 2,986,333 $ 81,728 $ 3,068,061 Unearned net loan fees (1,807) Net loans held for investment $ 3,066,254 At December 31, 2017 (in thousands) Non-classified Classified Total Commercial Manufacturing $ 82,275 $ 2,912 $ 85,187 Finance and insurance 40,796 1,722 42,518 Healthcare 161,162 2,623 163,785 Real estate services 124,861 3,986 128,847 Construction 67,232 758 67,990 Public administration 239,230 847 240,077 Other 468,562 53,390 521,952 1,184,118 66,238 1,250,356 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 481,061 3,574 484,635 Residential & commercial investor 765,210 578 765,788 1,246,271 4,152 1,250,423 Construction & land 266,081 - 266,081 Consumer 279,191 2,910 282,101 Other 97,542 1,374 98,916 Total loans held for investment $ 3,073,203 $ 74,674 $ 3,147,877 Unearned net loan fees (2,314) Net loans held for investment $ 3,145,563 Transactions in the ALLL by segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 are summarized below: Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, (in thousands) 2018 2017 2018 2017 Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period Commercial $ 16,523 $ 15,900 $ 16,837 $ 15,398 Real estate - mortgage 12,892 11,797 12,690 11,475 Construction & land 3,250 2,277 4,034 1,997 Consumer 2,597 2,448 2,617 2,803 Other 842 916 826 945 Unallocated 692 873 937 675 Total 36,796 34,211 37,941 33,293 Provision Commercial $ (1,212) $ (22) $ (689) $ 392 Real estate - mortgage 40 848 239 1,165 Construction & land 366 (507) (435) (521) Consumer 85 116 68 (163) Other (28) 105 (12) 76 Unallocated (152) 133 (397) 331 Total (901) 673 (1,226) 1,280 Charge-offs Commercial $ (255) $ (196) $ (1,361) $ (222) Consumer (49) (6) (58) (86) Other (29) - (29) - Total (333) (202) (1,448) (308) Recoveries Commercial $ 163 $ 67 $ 432 $ 181 Real estate - mortgage 8 159 11 164 Construction & land 84 714 101 1,008 Consumer 14 3 20 7 Other 3 - 3 - Total 272 943 567 1,360 Allowance for loan losses, end of period Commercial $ 15,219 $ 15,749 $ 15,219 $ 15,749 Real estate - mortgage 12,940 12,804 12,940 12,804 Construction & land 3,700 2,484 3,700 2,484 Consumer 2,647 2,561 2,647 2,561 Other 788 1,021 788 1,021 Unallocated 540 1,006 540 1,006 Total $ 35,834 $ 35,625 $ 35,834 $ 35,625 The Company estimates the ALLL in accordance with ASC 310 for purposes of evaluating loan impairment on a loan-by-loan basis and ASC 450 for purposes of collectively evaluating loan impairment by grouping loans with common risk characteristics (i.e. risk classification, past-due status, type of loan, and collateral). The ALLL is comprised of the following components: · Specific Reserves – The Company continuously evaluates its reserve for loan losses to maintain an adequate level to absorb loan losses incurred in the loan portfolio. Reserves on loans identified as impaired, including troubled debt restructurings, are based on discounted expected cash flows using the loan’s initial effective interest rate, the observable market value of the loan or the fair value of the collateral for certain collateral-dependent loans. The fair value of the collateral is determined in accordance with ASC 820. Loans are considered to be impaired in accordance with the provisions of ASC 310 when it is probable that all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms will not be collected. Factors contributing to the determination of specific reserves include the financial condition of the borrower, changes in the value of pledged collateral and general economic conditions. Troubled debt restructurings meet the definition of an impaired loan under ASC 310 and therefore, troubled debt restructurings are subject to impairment evaluation on a loan-by-loan basis. For collateral dependent loans that have been specifically identified as impaired, the Company measures fair value based on third-party appraisals, adjusted for estimated costs to sell the property. Upon impairment, the Company will obtain a new appraisal if one had not been previously obtained in the last 12 months. For credits over $2.0 million, the Company typically engages an additional third-party appraiser to review the appraisal. For credits under $2.0 million, the Company’s internal appraisal department reviews the appraisal. All appraisals are reviewed for adherence to regulations and mathematical accuracy and reasonableness based on recent sales transactions that may have occurred subsequent to or at the time of the appraisal. Based on this analysis, the appraised value may be adjusted downward if there is evidence that the appraised value may not be indicative of fair value. Each appraisal is updated on an annual basis, either through a new appraisal or through the Company’s comprehensive internal review process. Values are reviewed and monitored internally and fair value is re-assessed at least quarterly or more frequently when events or circumstances occur that indicate a change in fair value. · General Reserves – General reserves are considered part of the allocated portion of the ALLL. The Company uses a comprehensive loan grading process for our loan portfolios. Based on this process, a loss factor is assigned to each pool of graded loans. A combination of loss experience and external loss data is used in determining the appropriate loss factor. This estimate represents the probable incurred losses within the portfolio. In evaluating the adequacy of the ALLL, management considers historical losses (Migration), as well as other factors including changes in: · Lending policies and procedures · National and local economic and business conditions and developments · Nature and volume of portfolio · Trends of the volume and severity of past-due and classified loans · Trends in the volume of nonaccrual loans, troubled debt restructurings, and other loan modifications · Credit concentrations Troubled debt restructurings have a direct impact on the ALLL to the extent a loss has been recognized in relation to the loan modified. This is consistent with the Company’s consideration of Migration in determining general reserves. The aforementioned factors enable management to recognize environmental conditions contributing to incurred losses in the portfolio, which have not yet manifested in Migration. Management believes Migration history adequately captures a substantial percentage of probable incurred losses within the portfolio. In addition to the allocated reserve for graded loans, a portion of the ALLL is determined by segmenting the portfolio into product groupings with similar risk characteristics. Part of the segmentation involves assigning increased reserve factors to those lending activities deemed higher-risk, such as leverage-financings, unsecured loans, certain loans lacking personal guarantees, senior housing, speculative residential construction and multifamily loans. · Unallocated Reserves – The unallocated reserve, which is judgmentally determined, is maintained to recognize the imprecision in estimating and measuring loss when evaluating reserves for individual loans or pools of loans. The unallocated reserve consists of a missed grade component that is intended to capture the inherent risk that certain loans may be assigned an incorrect loan grade. In assessing the reasonableness of management’s assumptions, consideration is given to select peer ratios, industry standards and directional consistency of the ALLL. Ratio analysis highlights divergent trends in the relationship of the ALLL to nonaccrual loans, to total loans and to historical charge-offs. Although these comparisons can be helpful as a supplement to assess reasonableness of management assumptions, they are not, by themselves, sufficient basis for determining the adequacy of the ALLL. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the ALLL is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control, including the performance of the loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications. The following table summarizes loans held for investment and the ALLL on the basis of the impairment method: At June 30, 2018 At December 31, 2017 Individually evaluated for impairment Collectively evaluated for impairment Individually evaluated for impairment Collectively evaluated for impairment (in thousands) Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Commercial $ 46,102 $ 4,838 $ 1,176,678 $ 10,381 $ 56,566 $ 5,862 $ 1,194,005 $ 10,975 Real estate - mortgage 4,041 382 1,229,509 12,558 1,331 109 1,248,166 12,581 Construction & land 1,019 71 241,634 3,629 1,071 91 263,330 3,943 Consumer 231 109 273,755 2,538 1,366 148 280,783 2,469 Other 22 22 93,263 766 - - 98,945 826 Unallocated - - - 540 - - - 937 Total $ 51,415 $ 5,422 $ 3,014,839 $ 30,412 $ 60,334 $ 6,210 $ 3,085,229 $ 31,731 Information on impaired loans at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 is reported in the following tables: At June 30, 2018 Recorded Recorded Recorded investment investment Unpaid investment with a with no principal in impaired related related Related (in thousands) balance loans allowance allowance allowance Commercial Manufacturing $ 3,991 $ 3,991 $ 3,991 $ - $ 1,132 Finance and insurance 210 117 14 103 14 Healthcare 652 652 490 162 98 Real estate services 4,992 4,992 4,992 - 262 Construction 2,324 2,324 2,119 205 98 Other 34,252 34,026 32,269 1,757 3,234 46,421 46,102 43,875 2,227 4,838 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 3,295 3,295 2,962 333 370 Residential & commercial investor 746 746 169 577 12 4,041 4,041 3,131 910 382 Construction & land 1,019 1,019 1,019 - 71 Consumer 231 231 167 64 109 Other 22 22 22 - 22 Total $ 51,734 $ 51,415 $ 48,214 $ 3,201 $ 5,422 At December 31, 2017 Recorded Recorded Recorded investment investment Unpaid investment with a with no principal in impaired related related Related (in thousands) balance loans allowance allowance allowance Commercial Manufacturing $ 3,302 $ 3,302 $ 3,302 $ - $ 238 Finance and insurance 473 473 17 456 17 Healthcare 718 718 459 259 207 Real estate services 7,982 7,982 7,982 - 544 Construction 1,689 1,457 977 480 71 Public administration 313 313 313 - 27 Other 42,660 42,321 41,030 1,291 4,758 57,137 56,566 54,080 2,486 5,862 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 1,159 1,159 1,102 57 94 Residential & commercial investor 172 172 172 - 15 1,331 1,331 1,274 57 109 Construction & land 1,071 1,071 1,071 - 91 Consumer 1,366 1,366 212 1,154 148 Total $ 60,905 $ 60,334 $ 56,637 $ 3,697 $ 6,210 Impaired loans Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 2018 2017 2018 2017 (in thousands) Average recorded Interest income Average recorded Interest income Average recorded Interest income Average recorded Interest income Commercial Manufacturing $ 5,052 $ 84 $ 2,028 $ 30 $ 4,469 $ 171 $ 2,037 $ 59 Finance and insurance 295 6 513 10 354 13 286 10 Healthcare 627 10 550 8 657 20 398 14 Real estate services 5,014 - 5,717 52 6,003 - 5,981 102 Construction 1,959 37 1,663 20 1,791 72 1,625 40 Public administration - - - - 104 - - - Other 36,526 548 19,665 223 38,457 1,069 14,635 402 49,473 685 30,136 343 51,835 1,345 24,962 627 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 3,450 65 1,223 9 2,686 131 1,275 18 Residential & commercial investor 747 10 2,332 20 555 19 2,366 40 4,197 75 3,555 29 3,241 150 3,641 58 Construction & land 1,032 8 1,850 15 1,045 17 1,871 31 Consumer 719 4 253 1 887 7 246 2 Other 90 - - - 107 1 - - Total $ 55,511 $ 772 $ 35,794 $ 388 $ 57,115 $ 1,520 $ 30,720 $ 718 Interest income recognized on impaired loans presented in the table above primarily represents interest earned on troubled debt restructurings that meet the definition of an impaired loan and are subject to disclosure. Interest income that would have been recorded if nonaccrual loans performed in accordance with their contractual terms was immaterial in the periods presented. The table below summarizes transactions related to troubled debt restructurings during the six months ended June 30, 2018. (in thousands) Performing Nonperforming Total Beginning balance at December 31, 2017 $ 52,817 $ 3,682 $ 56,499 New restructurings 6,893 173 7,066 Change in accrual status (11,934) 11,934 - Net paydowns (13,102) (877) (13,979) Charge-offs - (1,091) (1,091) Ending balance at June 30, 2018 $ 34,674 $ 13,821 $ 48,495 The tables below provides information regarding troubled debt restructurings that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment reflects the Company’s recorded investment immediately before the modification. Post-modification outstanding recorded investment represents the Company’s recorded investment at the end of the reporting period. The tables below do not include loans restructured and paid off during the periods presented. Three months ended June 30, 2018 Three months ended June 30, 2017 Pre-modification Post-modification Pre-modification Post-modification outstanding outstanding outstanding outstanding Number of recorded recorded Number of recorded recorded ($ in thousands) contracts investment investment contracts investment investment Commercial Manufacturing 2 $ 610 $ 210 - $ - $ - Finance and insurance - - - 1 456 456 Healthcare 2 225 200 1 167 90 Construction 1 600 600 - - - Other 3 1,450 1,424 8 4,031 3,427 Total commercial 8 2,885 2,434 10 4,654 3,973 Consumer 1 10 10 - - - Total 9 $ 2,895 $ 2,444 10 $ 4,654 $ 3,973 Six months ended June 30, 2018 Six months ended June 30, 2017 Pre-modification Post-modification Pre-modification Post-modification outstanding outstanding outstanding outstanding Number of recorded recorded Number of recorded recorded ($ in thousands) contracts investment investment contracts investment investment Commercial Manufacturing 3 $ 460 $ 439 - $ - $ - Finance and insurance - - - 1 456 456 Healthcare 2 225 200 3 465 362 Construction 3 1,546 1,455 - - - Other 6 1,883 1,869 9 11,978 11,439 Total commercial 14 4,114 3,963 13 12,899 12,257 Real estate - mortgage Residential and commercial owner-occupied 2 2,109 2,048 - - - Residential & commercial investor 1 578 578 - - - Total real estate - mortgage 3 2,687 2,626 - - - Consumer 1 10 10 1 83 79 Total 18 $ 6,811 $ 6,599 14 $ 12,982 $ 12,336 Troubled debt restructurings during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 resulted primarily from the extension of repayment terms and interest rate concessions. The Company had no charge-offs in conjunction with loans restructured during the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, there were $2.7 million and $4.0 million in outstanding commitments on restructured loans, respectively. The table below presents troubled loans restructured within the past 12 months that had a payment default during six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. Six months ended June 30, 2018 2017 Troubled debt restructurings that subsequently defaulted Number of contracts Recorded investment Number of contracts Recorded investment Commercial Finance and insurance 1 $ 1,366 - $ - Construction - - 1 48 Other 2 10,557 - - Total 3 $ 11,923 1 $ 48 The Company’s nonaccrual loans by class at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 are reported in the following table: (in thousands) At June 30, 2018 At December 31, 2017 Commercial Manufacturing $ 1,846 $ - Finance and insurance 117 473 Healthcare 452 718 Construction 205 681 Other 13,618 4,313 Total commercial 16,238 6,185 Real estate-mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 333 57 Total real estate - mortgage 333 57 Consumer 148 1,275 Other 22 - Total nonaccrual loans $ 16,741 $ 7,517 The tables below summarize the aging of the Company’s loan portfolio at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. At June 30, 2018 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 days or more Days Days 90+ Days Total past due and (in thousands) past due past due past due past due Current Total loans accruing Commercial Manufacturing $ - $ - $ 1,846 $ 1,846 $ 76,986 $ 78,832 $ - Finance and insurance - 4,000 - 4,000 50,095 54,095 - Healthcare 4 - - 4 160,405 160,409 - Real estate services - - - - 117,958 117,958 - Construction 1,001 - 75 1,076 74,737 75,813 - Public administration - - - - 250,140 250,140 - Other 2,216 626 11,503 14,345 470,444 484,789 - 3,221 4,626 13,424 21,271 1,200,765 1,222,036 - Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied - 2,048 295 2,343 522,995 525,338 - Residential & commercial investor - 577 - 577 708,499 709,076 - - 2,625 295 2,920 1,231,494 1,234,414 - Construction & land 202 - - 202 244,242 244,444 - Consumer 1,488 - 24 1,512 272,388 273,900 - Other - - - - 93,267 93,267 - Total loans held for investment $ 4,911 $ 7,251 $ 13,743 $ 25,905 $ 3,042,156 $ 3,068,061 $ - Unearned net loan fees (1,807) Net loans held for investment $ 3,066,254 At December 31, 2017 Recorded investment in loans 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 days or more Days Days 90+ Days Total past due and (in thousands) past due past due past due past due Current Total loans accruing Commercial Manufacturing $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 85,187 $ 85,187 $ - Finance and insurance - 456 213 669 41,849 42,518 213 Healthcare 370 - 113 483 163,302 163,785 - Real estate services 1,503 - 135 1,638 127,209 128,847 135 Construction 721 600 681 2,002 65,988 67,990 - Public administration - - - - 240,077 240,077 - Other 3,463 459 2,302 6,224 515,728 521,952 - 6,057 1,515 3,444 11,016 1,239,340 1,250,356 348 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 426 689 - 1,115 483,520 484,635 - Residential & commercial investor 875 299 - 1,174 764,614 765,788 - 1,301 988 - 2,289 1,248,134 1,250,423 - Construction & land 730 - - 730 265,351 266,081 - Consumer 1,423 15 1,107 2,545 279,556 282,101 - Other - 2 - 2 98,914 98,916 - Total loans held for investment $ 9,511 $ 2,520 $ 4,551 $ 16,582 $ 3,131,295 $ 3,147,877 $ 348 Unearned net loan fees (2,314) Net loans held for investment $ 3,145,563 |