Loans | 5. Loans The following disclosure reports the Company’s loan portfolio segments and classes. Segments are groupings of similar loans at a level which the Company has adopted systematic methods of documentation for determining its allowance for loan and credit losses. Classes are a disaggregation of the portfolio segments. The Company’s loan portfolio segments are: · Commercial loans – Commercial loans consist of loans to small and medium-sized businesses in a wide variety of industries. The Bank’s areas of emphasis in commercial lending include, but are not limited to, loans to wholesalers, manufacturers, municipalities, construction and business services companies. Commercial loans are generally collateralized by inventory, accounts receivable, equipment, real estate and other commercial assets, and may be supported by other credit enhancements such as personal guarantees. Risk arises primarily due to a difference between expected and actual cash flows of the borrowers. However, the recoverability of the Company’s investment in these loans is also dependent on other factors primarily dictated by the type of collateral securing these loans. The fair value of the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate as market conditions change. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the recovery of the Company’s investment is dependent upon the borrowers’ ability to collect amounts due from its customers. · Real estate - mortgage loans – Real estate mortgage loans include various types of loans for which the Company holds real property as collateral. Commercial real estate lending activity is typically restricted to owner-occupied properties or to investor properties that are owned by customers with a current banking relationship. The primary risks of real estate mortgage loans include the borrower’s inability to pay, material decreases in the value of the real estate that is being held as collateral and significant increases in interest rates, which may make the real estate mortgage loan unprofitable. Real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. · Construction and land loans – The Company originates loans to finance construction projects including one- to four-family residences, multifamily residences, commercial office, senior housing, and industrial projects. Residential construction loans are due upon the sale of the completed project and are generally collateralized by first liens on the real estate and have floating interest rates. Construction loans are considered to have higher risks due to construction completion and timing risk, and the ultimate repayment being sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property and the availability of long-term financing. Additionally, economic conditions may impact the Company’s ability to recover its investment in construction loans. Adverse economic conditions may negatively impact the real estate market which could affect the borrowers’ ability to complete and sell the project. Additionally, the fair value of the underlying collateral may fluctuate as market conditions change. The Company also originates loans for the acquisition and future development of land for residential building projects, as well as finished lots prepared to enter the construction phase. The primary risks include the borrower’s inability to pay and the inability of the Company to recover its investment due to a decline in the fair value of the underlying collateral. · Consumer loans – The Company provides a broad range of consumer loans to customers, including personal lines of credit, home equity loans, mortgage loans and automobile loans. Repayment of these loans is dependent on the borrowers’ ability to pay and the fair value of the underlying collateral. · Other loans – Other loans include lending products, such as taxable and tax exempt leasing, not defined as commercial, real estate, acquisition and development, construction, or consumer loans. The loan portfolio segments at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were as follows: (in thousands) At September 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 Commercial $ 1,250,257 $ 1,217,001 Real estate - mortgage 1,259,648 1,171,596 Construction & land 216,737 175,738 Consumer 287,245 266,947 Other 108,437 103,616 Loans held for investment 3,122,324 2,934,898 Allowance for loan losses (36,850) (33,293) Unearned net loan fees (626) (793) Total net loans $ 3,084,848 $ 2,900,812 The Company maintains a loan review program independent of the lending function that is designed to reduce and control risk in lending. It includes the continuous monitoring of lending activities with respect to underwriting and processing new loans, preventing insider abuse and timely follow-up and corrective action for loans showing signs of deterioration in quality. The Company also has a systematic process to evaluate individual loans and pools of loans within our loan portfolio. The Company maintains a loan grading system whereby each loan is assigned a grade between 1 and 8, with 1 representing the highest quality credit, 7 representing a nonaccrual loan where collection or liquidation in full is highly questionable and improbable, and 8 representing a loss that has been or will be charged-off. Grades are assigned based upon the degree of risk associated with repayment of a loan in the normal course of business pursuant to the original terms. Loans that are graded 5 or lower are categorized as non-classified credits while loans graded 6 and higher are categorized as classified credits. Loan grade changes are evaluated on a monthly basis. Loans above a certain dollar amount that are adversely graded are reported to the Special Assets Group Manager and the Chief Credit Officer along with current financial information, a collateral analysis and an action plan. The loan portfolio showing total non-classified and classified balances by loan class at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is summarized below: At September 30, 2017 (in thousands) Non-classified Classified Total Commercial Manufacturing $ 88,605 $ 1,369 $ 89,974 Finance and insurance 39,481 475 39,956 Healthcare 150,731 1,954 152,685 Real estate services 117,358 3,456 120,814 Construction 66,868 539 67,407 Public administration 248,957 913 249,870 Other 493,891 35,660 529,551 1,205,891 44,366 1,250,257 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 467,876 6,470 474,346 Residential & commercial investor 784,663 639 785,302 1,252,539 7,109 1,259,648 Construction & land 216,737 - 216,737 Consumer 285,859 1,386 287,245 Other 106,943 1,494 108,437 Total loans held for investment $ 3,067,969 $ 54,355 $ 3,122,324 Unearned net loan fees (626) Net loans held for investment $ 3,121,698 At December 31, 2016 (in thousands) Non-classified Classified Total Commercial Manufacturing $ 96,465 $ 153 $ 96,618 Finance and insurance 49,764 587 50,351 Healthcare 153,468 555 154,023 Real estate services 125,531 513 126,044 Construction 55,471 3,247 58,718 Public administration 254,861 1,136 255,997 Other 437,219 38,031 475,250 1,172,779 44,222 1,217,001 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 469,027 6,496 475,523 Residential & commercial investor 695,170 903 696,073 1,164,197 7,399 1,171,596 Construction & land 172,816 2,922 175,738 Consumer 265,307 1,640 266,947 Other 101,894 1,722 103,616 Total loans held for investment $ 2,876,993 $ 57,905 $ 2,934,898 Unearned net loan fees (793) Net loans held for investment $ 2,934,105 Transactions in the allowance for loan losses by segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 are summarized below: Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, (in thousands) 2017 2016 2017 2016 Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period Commercial $ 15,749 $ 17,349 $ 15,398 $ 24,215 Real estate - mortgage 12,804 10,281 11,475 10,372 Construction & land 2,484 2,335 1,997 2,111 Consumer 2,561 2,660 2,803 2,592 Other 1,021 786 945 643 Unallocated 1,006 933 675 753 Total 35,625 34,344 33,293 40,686 Provision Commercial $ 437 $ (1,247) $ 829 $ (2,306) Real estate - mortgage (167) 247 998 138 Construction & land 958 (250) 437 (765) Consumer (9) 109 (172) 187 Other (40) 119 36 262 Unallocated (119) (146) 212 34 Total 1,060 (1,168) 2,340 (2,450) Charge-offs Commercial $ - $ (227) $ (222) $ (6,630) Consumer (11) - (97) (20) Other - (4) - (4) Total (11) (231) (319) (6,654) Recoveries Commercial $ 165 $ 460 $ 346 $ 1,056 Real estate - mortgage 3 9 167 27 Construction & land 4 101 1,012 840 Consumer 4 14 11 24 Total 176 584 1,536 1,947 Allowance for loan losses, end of period Commercial $ 16,351 $ 16,335 $ 16,351 $ 16,335 Real estate - mortgage 12,640 10,537 12,640 10,537 Construction & land 3,446 2,186 3,446 2,186 Consumer 2,545 2,783 2,545 2,783 Other 981 901 981 901 Unallocated 887 787 887 787 Total $ 36,850 $ 33,529 $ 36,850 $ 33,529 The Company estimates the ALL in accordance with ASC 310 for purposes of evaluating loan impairment on a loan-by-loan basis and ASC 450 for purposes of collectively evaluating loan impairment by grouping loans with common risk characteristics (i.e. risk classification, past-due status, type of loan, and collateral). The ALL is comprised of the following components: · Specific Reserves – The Company continuously evaluates its reserve for loan losses to maintain an adequate level to absorb loan losses incurred in the loan portfolio. Reserves on loans identified as impaired, including troubled debt restructurings, are based on discounted expected cash flows using the loan’s initial effective interest rate, the observable market value of the loan or the fair value of the collateral for certain collateral-dependent loans. The fair value of the collateral is determined in accordance with ASC 820. Loans are considered to be impaired in accordance with the provisions of ASC 310 when it is probable that all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms will not be collected. Factors contributing to the determination of specific reserves include the financial condition of the borrower, changes in the value of pledged collateral and general economic conditions. Troubled debt restructurings meet the definition of an impaired loan under ASC 310 and therefore, troubled debt restructurings are subject to impairment evaluation on a loan-by-loan basis. For collateral dependent loans that have been specifically identified as impaired, the Company measures fair value based on third-party appraisals, adjusted for estimated costs to sell the property. Upon impairment, the Company will obtain a new appraisal if one had not been previously obtained in the last 12 months. For credits over $2.0 million, the Company engages an additional third-party appraiser to review the appraisal. For credits under $2.0 million, the Company’s internal appraisal department reviews the appraisal. All appraisals are reviewed for reasonableness based on recent sales transactions that may have occurred subsequent to or at the time of the appraisal. Based on this analysis, the appraised value may be adjusted downward if there is evidence that the appraised value may not be indicative of fair value. Each appraisal is updated on an annual basis, either through a new appraisal or through the Company’s comprehensive internal review process. Values are reviewed and monitored internally and fair value is re-assessed at least quarterly or more frequently when events or circumstances occur that indicate a change in fair value. · General Reserves – General reserves are considered part of the allocated portion of the ALL. The Company uses a comprehensive loan grading process for its loan portfolios. Based on this process, a loss factor is assigned to each pool of graded loans. A combination of loss experience and external loss data is used in determining the appropriate loss factor. This estimate represents the probable incurred losses within the portfolio. In evaluating the adequacy of the ALL, management considers historical losses (Migration), as well as other factors including changes in: · Lending policies and procedures · National and local economic and business conditions and developments · Nature and volume of portfolio · Trends of the volume and severity of past-due and classified loans · Trends in the volume of nonaccrual loans, troubled debt restructurings, and other loan modifications · Credit concentrations Troubled debt restructurings have a direct impact on the ALL to the extent a loss has been recognized in relation to the loan modified. This is consistent with the Company’s consideration of Migration in determining general reserves. The aforementioned factors enable management to recognize environmental conditions contributing to incurred losses in the portfolio, which have not yet manifested in Migration. Management believes Migration history adequately captures a substantial percentage of probable incurred losses within the portfolio. In addition to the allocated reserve for graded loans, a portion of the ALL is determined by segmenting the portfolio into product groupings with similar risk characteristics. Part of the segmentation involves assigning increased reserve factors to those lending activities deemed higher-risk, such as leverage-financings, unsecured loans, certain loans lacking personal guarantees, senior housing, speculative residential construction and multifamily loans. · Unallocated Reserves – The unallocated reserve, which is judgmentally determined, is maintained to recognize the imprecision in estimating and measuring loss when evaluating reserves for individual loans or pools of loans. The unallocated reserve consists of a missed grade component that is intended to capture the inherent risk that certain loans may be assigned an incorrect loan grade. In assessing the reasonableness of management’s assumptions, consideration is given to select peer ratios, industry standards and directional consistency of the ALL. Ratio analysis highlights divergent trends in the relationship of the ALL to nonaccrual loans, to total loans and to historical charge-offs. Although these comparisons can be helpful as a supplement to assess reasonableness of management assumptions, they are not, by themselves, sufficient basis for determining the adequacy of the ALL. While management utilizes its best judgment and information available, the ultimate adequacy of the allowance is dependent upon a variety of factors beyond the Company’s control, including the performance of the loan portfolio, the economy, changes in interest rates and the view of the regulatory authorities toward loan classifications. The following table summarizes loans held for investment and the allowance for loan losses on the basis of the impairment method: At September 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 Individually evaluated for impairment Collectively evaluated for impairment Individually evaluated for impairment Collectively evaluated for impairment (in thousands) Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Loans Allowance Commercial $ 33,585 $ 3,362 $ 1,218,230 $ 12,989 $ 20,279 $ 2,220 $ 1,197,453 $ 13,178 Real estate - mortgage 2,453 77 1,256,453 12,563 3,758 147 1,167,365 11,328 Construction & land 1,792 122 213,380 3,324 1,919 109 172,532 1,888 Consumer 238 81 287,062 2,464 294 98 266,719 2,705 Other - - 108,505 981 - - 103,786 945 Unallocated - - - 887 - - - 675 Total $ 38,068 $ 3,642 $ 3,083,630 $ 33,208 $ 26,250 $ 2,574 $ 2,907,855 $ 30,719 Information on impaired loans at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is reported in the following tables: At September 30, 2017 Recorded Recorded Recorded investment investment Unpaid investment with a with no principal in impaired related related Related (in thousands) balance loans allowance allowance allowance Commercial Manufacturing $ 3,342 $ 3,342 $ 3,342 $ - $ 192 Finance and insurance 475 475 475 - 50 Healthcare 528 528 437 91 201 Real estate services 5,123 5,123 5,123 - 287 Construction 1,864 1,864 1,710 154 278 Public administration 320 320 320 - 22 Other 22,273 21,933 20,709 1,224 2,332 33,925 33,585 32,116 1,469 3,362 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 1,172 1,172 869 303 59 Residential & commercial investor 1,281 1,281 1,281 - 18 2,453 2,453 2,150 303 77 Construction & land 1,792 1,792 1,792 - 122 Consumer 238 238 81 157 81 Total $ 38,408 $ 38,068 $ 36,139 $ 1,929 $ 3,642 At December 31, 2016 Recorded Recorded Recorded investment investment Unpaid investment with a with no principal in impaired related related Related (in thousands) balance loans allowance allowance allowance Commercial Manufacturing $ 2,095 $ 2,072 $ 2,071 $ 1 $ 114 Finance and insurance 25 25 25 - 25 Healthcare 189 189 189 - 11 Real estate services 6,268 6,268 6,268 - 350 Construction 2,166 2,166 1,932 234 149 Other 10,716 9,559 9,066 493 1,571 21,459 20,279 19,551 728 2,220 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 1,391 1,391 1,122 269 64 Residential & commercial investor 2,367 2,367 2,367 - 83 3,758 3,758 3,489 269 147 Construction & land 1,919 1,919 1,919 - 109 Consumer 294 294 195 99 98 Total $ 27,430 $ 26,250 $ 25,154 $ 1,096 $ 2,574 Impaired loans Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30, 2017 2016 2017 2016 (in thousands) Average recorded Interest income Average recorded Interest income Average recorded Interest income Average recorded Interest income Commercial Manufacturing $ 2,444 $ 30 $ 3,100 $ 31 $ 2,173 $ 89 $ 3,815 $ 122 Finance and insurance 476 6 28 - 349 16 31 - Healthcare 500 15 205 3 432 29 194 9 Real estate services 5,475 45 7,046 78 5,812 147 7,240 206 Construction 1,524 39 1,998 59 1,591 79 1,694 98 Public administration 106 1 - - 36 1 - - Other 19,998 467 11,598 150 16,421 869 12,861 407 30,523 603 23,975 321 26,814 1,230 25,835 842 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 1,158 8 1,680 18 1,236 26 1,877 43 Residential & commercial investor 1,285 14 3,141 30 2,005 54 4,171 107 2,443 22 4,821 48 3,241 80 6,048 150 Construction & land 1,807 15 2,309 34 1,850 46 2,470 76 Consumer 242 5 243 4 244 7 504 18 Total $ 35,015 $ 645 $ 31,348 $ 407 $ 32,149 $ 1,363 $ 34,857 $ 1,086 Interest income recognized on impaired loans presented in the table above primarily represents interest earned on troubled debt restructurings that meet the definition of an impaired loan and are subject to disclosure required under ASU 310-10-50-15. The table below summarizes transactions related to troubled debt restructurings during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. (in thousands) Performing Nonperforming Total Beginning balance at December 31, 2016 $ 23,612 $ 2,541 $ 26,153 New restructurings 16,031 1,435 17,466 Change in accrual status (98) 98 - Net paydowns (6,340) (956) (7,296) Charge-offs - (41) (41) Ending balance at September 30, 2017 $ 33,205 $ 3,077 $ 36,282 The below table provides information regarding troubled debt restructurings that occurred during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. Pre-modification outstanding recorded investment reflects the Company’s recorded investment immediately before the modification. Post-modification outstanding recorded investment represents the Company’s recorded investment at the end of the reporting period. The table below does not include loans restructured and paid-off during the periods presented. Three months ended September 30, 2017 Three months ended September 30, 2016 Pre-modification Post-modification Pre-modification Post-modification outstanding outstanding outstanding outstanding Number of recorded recorded Number of recorded recorded ($ in thousands) contracts investment investment contracts investment investment Commercial Manufacturing 1 $ 1,366 $ 1,366 - $ - $ - Construction - - - 2 1,500 1,444 Other 8 4,617 3,763 4 3,122 2,757 Total 9 $ 5,983 $ 5,129 6 $ 4,622 $ 4,201 Nine months ended September 30, 2017 Nine months ended September 30, 2016 Pre-modification Post-modification Pre-modification Post-modification outstanding outstanding outstanding outstanding Number of recorded recorded Number of recorded recorded ($ in thousands) contracts investment investment contracts investment investment Commercial Manufacturing 1 $ 1,366 $ 1,366 1 $ 50 $ 23 Finance and insurance 1 456 456 - - - Healthcare 3 465 304 1 100 100 Construction - - - 3 1,825 1,769 Public administration 1 320 320 - - - Other 13 14,472 13,230 8 6,640 5,726 19 17,079 15,676 13 8,615 7,618 Consumer 1 83 75 1 77 73 Total 20 $ 17,162 $ 15,751 14 $ 8,692 $ 7,691 Troubled debt restructurings during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 resulted primarily from the extension of repayment terms and interest rate concessions. The Company had no charge-offs in conjunction with loans restructured during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were $2.5 million and $1.6 million in outstanding commitments on restructured loans, respectively. There were no loans restructured within the past 12 months that had a payment default during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The table below presents troubled loans restructured within the past 12 months that had a payment default during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. Nine months ended September 30, 2016 Troubled debt restructurings that subsequently defaulted Number of contracts Recorded investment Commercial Other 3 $ 1,586 The Company’s nonaccrual loans by class at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are reported in the following table: (in thousands) At September 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 Commercial Manufacturing $ - $ 2 Finance and insurance 19 25 Healthcare 304 - Construction 1,006 234 Other 3,089 1,941 Total commercial 4,418 2,202 Real estate-mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 303 269 Total real estate - mortgage 303 269 Consumer 142 167 Total nonaccrual loans $ 4,863 $ 2,638 The tables below summarize the aging of the Company’s loan portfolio at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. At September 30, 2017 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 days or more Days Days 90+ Days Total past due and (in thousands) past due past due past due past due Current Total loans accruing Commercial Manufacturing $ 200 $ - $ - $ 200 $ 89,774 $ 89,974 $ - Finance and insurance 1,451 - - 1,451 38,505 39,956 - Healthcare 459 459 133 1,051 151,634 152,685 - Real estate services 250 - - 250 120,564 120,814 - Construction 438 - 375 813 66,594 67,407 - Public administration - - - - 249,870 249,870 - Other 1,096 3,122 1,024 5,242 524,309 529,551 20 3,894 3,581 1,532 9,007 1,241,250 1,250,257 20 Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 5 122 - 127 474,219 474,346 - Residential & commercial investor 892 233 - 1,125 784,177 785,302 - 897 355 - 1,252 1,258,396 1,259,648 - Construction & land - - - - 216,737 216,737 - Consumer 15 1,087 61 1,163 286,082 287,245 - Other - - - - 108,437 108,437 - Total loans held for investment $ 4,806 $ 5,023 $ 1,593 $ 11,422 $ 3,110,902 $ 3,122,324 $ 20 Unearned net loan fees (626) Net loans held for investment $ 3,121,698 At December 31, 2016 Recorded investment in loans 30 - 59 60 - 89 90 days or more Days Days 90+ Days Total past due and (in thousands) past due past due past due past due Current Total loans accruing Commercial Manufacturing $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 96,618 $ 96,618 $ - Finance and insurance 456 - 25 481 49,870 50,351 - Healthcare 500 - - 500 153,523 154,023 - Real estate services - - - - 126,044 126,044 - Construction 260 - - 260 58,458 58,718 - Public administration - - - - 255,997 255,997 - Other 2,941 200 - 3,141 472,109 475,250 - 4,157 200 25 4,382 1,212,619 1,217,001 - Real estate - mortgage Residential & commercial owner-occupied 204 161 - 365 475,158 475,523 - Residential & commercial investor - 225 - 225 695,848 696,073 - 204 386 - 590 1,171,006 1,171,596 - Construction & land - - 657 657 175,081 175,738 657 Consumer 4 63 75 142 266,805 266,947 - Other - - - - 103,616 103,616 - Total loans held for investment $ 4,365 $ 649 $ 757 $ 5,771 $ 2,929,127 $ 2,934,898 $ 657 Unearned net loan fees (793) Net loans held for investment $ 2,934,105 |