Loans | Loans The company’s loan portfolio is segmented according to loans that share similar attributes and risk characteristics. Investor loans secured by real estate includes CRE non-owner-occupied, multifamily, construction, and land, as well as SBA loans secured by real estate, which are loans collateralized by hotel/motel real property. Business loans secured by real estate are loans to businesses that are collateralized by real estate where the operating cash flow of the business is the primary source of repayment. This loan portfolio includes CRE owner-occupied, franchise loans secured by real estate, and SBA loans secured by real estate, which are collateralized by real property other than hotel/motel real property. Commercial loans are loans to businesses where the operating cash flow of the business is the primary source of repayment. This loan portfolio includes commercial and industrial loans, franchise loans non-real estate secured, and SBA loans non-real estate secured. Retail loans portfolio includes single family residential and consumer loans. Single family residential loans include home equity lines of credit, as well as second trust deeds. The following table presents the composition of the loan portfolio as of the dates indicated: December 31, 2020 2019 (Dollars in thousands) Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied $ 2,675,085 $ 2,070,141 Multifamily 5,171,356 1,575,726 Construction and land 321,993 438,786 SBA secured by real estate 57,331 68,431 Total investor loans secured by real estate 8,225,765 4,153,084 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied 2,114,050 1,846,554 Franchise real estate secured 347,932 353,240 SBA secured by real estate 79,595 88,381 Total business loans secured by real estate 2,541,577 2,288,175 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 1,768,834 1,393,270 Franchise non-real estate secured 444,797 564,357 SBA non-real estate secured 15,957 17,426 Total commercial loans 2,229,588 1,975,053 Retail loans Single family residential 232,574 255,024 Consumer 6,929 50,975 Total retail loans 239,503 305,999 Gross loans held for investment (1) 13,236,433 8,722,311 Allowance for credit losses for loans held for investment (2) (268,018) (35,698) Loans held for investment, net $ 12,968,415 $ 8,686,613 Loans held for sale, at lower of cost or fair value $ 601 $ 1,672 ______________________________ (1) Includes unaccreted fair value net purchase discounts of $113.8 million and $40.7 million as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 respectively. (2) The allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2019 was accounted for under ASC 450 and ASC 310, which is reflective of probable incurred losses as of the balance sheet date. Effective January 1, 2020, the allowance for credit losses is accounted for under ASC 326, which is reflective of estimated expected lifetime credit losses. The Company originates SBA loans with the intent to sell the guaranteed portion of the loan prior to maturity and, therefore, designates them as held for sale. From time to time, the Company may purchase or sell other types of loans in order to manage concentrations, maximize interest income, change risk profiles, improve returns, and generate liquidity. The Company participated in the SBA PPP program under the CARES Act during the second quarter of 2020 and originated SBA PPP loans. At June 30, 2020, the Company’s SBA PPP loan balance was $1.13 billion. In July 2020, the Company concluded the sale of its entire SBA PPP loan portfolio with an aggregate amortized cost of $1.13 billion to a seasoned and experienced non-bank lender and servicer of SBA loans, resulting in improved balance sheet liquidity and a gain on sale of approximately of $18.9 million, net of net deferred origination fees and net purchase discounts. Loans Serviced for Others The Company generally retains the servicing rights of the guaranteed portion of SBA loans sold, for which the Company records a servicing asset at fair value within its other assets category. Servicing assets are subsequently measured using the amortization method and amortized to noninterest income. Servicing assets are evaluated for impairment based on the fair value of the assets as compared to carrying amount. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, the servicing asset totaled $5.3 million and $7.7 million, respectively, and was included in other assets on the Company’s consolidated statement of financial condition. Servicing rights are evaluated for impairment based upon the fair value of the rights as compared to the carrying amount. Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance, to the extent the fair value is less than the carrying amount. The fair value of retained servicing rights is generally evaluated at the loan level using a discounted cash flow analysis utilizing current market assumptions derived from the secondary market. Key modeling assumptions include interest rates, prepayment assumptions, discount rate, and estimated cash flows. At December 31, 2020, and 2019, the Company determined that no valuation allowance was necessary. Opus entered into securitization sales on December 23, 2016 with the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”). The transaction involved the sale of $509 million in originated multifamily loans through a Freddie Mac-sponsored transaction. One class of Freddie Mac guaranteed structured pass-through certificates was issued and purchased entirely by Opus. In connection with the Opus acquisition, the Company's continuing involvement includes sub-servicing responsibilities, general representations and warranties, and reimbursement obligations. Servicing responsibilities on loan sales generally include obligations to collect and remit payments of principal and interest, provide foreclosure services, manage payments of taxes and insurance premiums, and otherwise administer the underlying loans. In connection with the securitization transaction, Freddie Mac was designated as the master servicer and appointed the Company to perform sub-servicing responsibilities, which generally include the servicing responsibilities described above with the exception of the servicing of foreclosed or defaulted loans. The overall management, servicing, and resolution of defaulted loans and foreclosed loans are separately designated to the special servicer, a third-party institution that is independent of the master servicer and the Company. The master servicer has the right to terminate the Company in its role as sub-servicer and direct such responsibilities accordingly. General representations and warranties associated with loan sales and securitization sales require the Company to uphold various assertions that pertain to the underlying loans at the time of the transaction, including, but not limited to, compliance with relevant laws and regulations, absence of fraud, enforcement of liens, no environmental damages, and maintenance of relevant environmental insurance. Such representations and warranties are limited to those that do not meet the quality represented at the transaction date and do not pertain to a decline in value or future payment defaults. In circumstances where the Company breaches its representations and warranties, the Company would generally be required to cure such instances through a repurchase or substitution of the subject loan(s). To the extent the ultimate resolution of defaulted loans results in contractual principal and interest payments that are deficient, the Company is obligated to reimburse Freddie Mac for such amounts, not to exceed 10% of the original principal amount of the loans comprising the securitization pool at the closing date of December 23, 2016. The liability recorded for Company’s exposure to the reimbursement agreement with Freddie Mac was $448,000 as of December 31, 2020. Loans sold and serviced for others are not included in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition. The unpaid principal balance of loans and participations serviced for others were $686.0 million at December 31, 2020 and $633.8 million at December 31, 2019, including multifamily loans transferred through securitization with Freddie Mac of $99.4 million and SBA participations serviced for others totaling $421.7 million at December 31, 2020 and $475.3 million at December 31, 2019. Concentration of Credit Risk As of December 31, 2020, the Company’s loan portfolio was primarily collateralized by various forms of real estate and business assets located principally in California. The Company’s loan portfolio contains concentrations of credit in commercial non-owner occupied real estate, multifamily real estate, commercial owner occupied business loans and commercial and industrial business loans. The Company maintains policies approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors (the “Bank Board”) that address these concentrations and diversifies its loan portfolio through loan originations, purchases, and sales of loans to meet approved concentration levels. While management believes that the collateral presently securing these loans is adequate, there can be no assurances that significant deterioration in the California real estate market or economy would not expose the Company to significantly greater credit risk. Under applicable laws and regulations, the Bank may not make secured loans to one borrower in excess of 25% of the Bank’s unimpaired capital plus surplus and likewise in excess of 15% of the Bank’s unimpaired capital plus surplus for unsecured loans. These loans-to-one borrower limitations result in a dollar limitation of $821.3 million for secured loans and $492.8 million for unsecured loans at December 31, 2020. In order to manage concentration risk, the Bank maintains a house lending limit well below these statutory maximums. At December 31, 2020, the Bank’s largest aggregate outstanding balance of loans to one borrower was $165.4 million secured by multifamily properties. Credit Quality and Credit Risk The Company’s credit quality and credit risk is managed in two distinct areas. The first is the loan origination process, wherein the Bank underwrites credit and chooses which types and levels of risk it is willing to accept. The Company maintains a credit policy which addresses many related topics, sets forth maximum tolerances for key elements of loan risk, and indicates appropriate protocols for identifying and analyzing these risk elements. The policy sets forth specific guidelines for analyzing each of the loan products the Company offers from both an individual and portfolio-wide basis. The credit policy is reviewed annually by the Bank Board. The Bank’s underwriters ensure all key risk factors are analyzed with nearly all underwriting including a global cash flow analysis of the prospective borrowers. The second area is in the ongoing oversight of the loan portfolio, where existing credit risk is measured and monitored, and where performance issues are dealt with in a timely and appropriate fashion. Credit risk is monitored and managed within the loan portfolio by the Company’s portfolio managers based on both the credit policy and a credit and portfolio review policy. This latter policy requires a program of financial data collection and analysis, thorough loan reviews, property and/or business inspections, monitoring of portfolio concentrations and trends, and incorporation of current business and economic conditions. The portfolio managers also monitor asset-based lines of credit, loan covenants, and other conditions associated with the Company’s business loans as a means to help identify potential credit risk. Most individual loans, excluding the homogeneous loan portfolio, are reviewed at least annually, including the assignment or confirmation of a risk grade. Risk grades are based on a six-grade Pass scale, along with Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss classifications, as such classifications are defined by the federal banking regulatory agencies. The assignment of risk grades allows the Company to, among other things, identify the risk associated with each credit in the portfolio, and to provide a basis for measuring risk to determine the estimated valuation allowance for groups and individual assets at a point in time. Risk grades are reviewed regularly by the Company’s Credit and Portfolio Review committee, and the portfolio management and risk grading process is reviewed on an on-going basis by an independent loan review function, as well as by regulatory agencies during scheduled examinations. The following provides brief definitions for risk grades assigned to loans in the portfolio: • Pass classifications represent assets with an acceptable level of credit quality that contains no well-defined deficiencies or weaknesses. • Special Mention assets do not currently expose the Bank to a sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the adverse categories, but possess correctable deficiencies or potential weaknesses deserving management’s close attention. • Substandard assets are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. These assets are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. OREO acquired through foreclosure are also classified as substandard assets. • Doubtful credits have all the weaknesses inherent in substandard credits, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. • Loss assets are those that are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets is not warranted. Amounts classified as loss are promptly charged off. The Bank’s portfolio managers also manage loan performance risks, collections, workouts, bankruptcies, and foreclosures. A special department, whose portfolio managers have professional expertise in these areas, typically handles or advises on these types of matters. Loan performance risks are mitigated by our portfolio managers acting promptly and assertively to address problem credits when they are identified. Collection efforts commence immediately upon non-payment, and the portfolio managers seek to promptly determine the appropriate steps to minimize the Company’s risk of loss. When foreclosure will maximize the Company’s recovery for a non-performing loan, the portfolio managers will take appropriate action to initiate the foreclosure process. When a loan is graded as special mention, substandard, or doubtful, the Company obtains an updated valuation of the underlying collateral. If, through the Company’s credit risk management process, it is determined the ultimate repayment of a loan will come from the foreclosure upon and ultimate sale of the underlying collateral, the loan is deemed collateral dependent and evaluated individually to determine an appropriate ACL for the loan. The ACL for such loans is measured as the amount by which the fair value of the underlying collateral, less estimated costs to sell, is less than the amortized cost of the loan. The Company typically continues to obtain or confirm updated valuations of underlying collateral for special mention and classified loans on an annual or biennial basis in order to have the most current indication of fair value of the underlying collateral securing the loan. Additionally, once a loan is identified as collateral dependent, due to the likelihood of foreclosure, and repayment of the loan is expected to come from the eventual sale of the underlying collateral, an analysis of the underlying collateral is performed at least quarterly. Changes in the estimated fair value of the collateral are reflected in the lifetime ACL for the loan. Balances deemed to be uncollectable are promptly charged-off. The following table stratifies the loans held for investment portfolio by the Company’s internal risk grading, and by year of origination, as of December 31, 2020: Term Loans by Vintage 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Revolving Converted to Term During the Period Total December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied Pass $ 265,901 $ 541,994 $ 440,351 $ 287,580 $ 279,238 $ 791,477 $ 11,114 $ — $ 2,617,655 Special mention — — 6,669 437 2,516 29,738 — — 39,360 Substandard — 9,732 2,045 — 516 5,218 559 — 18,070 Multifamily Pass 1,027,644 1,677,716 899,123 665,939 354,859 531,287 420 — 5,156,988 Special mention — 1,758 2,630 — 8,649 — — — 13,037 Substandard — — — 559 772 — — — 1,331 Construction and land Pass 57,309 144,759 73,313 18,625 20,531 6,672 784 — 321,993 SBA secured by real estate Pass — 8,306 9,029 13,418 6,305 7,696 — — 44,754 Special mention 496 1,032 1,159 1,000 373 306 — — 4,366 Substandard — 1,220 2,959 1,091 400 2,541 — — 8,211 Total investor loans secured by real estate $ 1,351,350 $ 2,386,517 $ 1,437,278 $ 988,649 $ 674,159 $ 1,374,935 $ 12,877 $ — $ 8,225,765 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied Pass $ 293,324 $ 409,758 $ 332,672 $ 327,475 $ 225,098 $ 469,704 $ 14,268 $ 246 $ 2,072,545 Special mention 2,190 15,917 3,802 — 4,153 201 — — 26,263 Substandard — — 3,636 4,214 1,169 5,973 250 — 15,242 Franchise real estate secured Pass 44,413 81,438 66,241 96,999 24,673 27,020 — — 340,784 Special mention 878 1,650 2,652 — — — — — 5,180 Substandard — — — — 1,968 — — — 1,968 SBA secured by real estate Pass 3,253 7,637 12,608 16,058 8,488 23,624 — — 71,668 Special mention — — 1,200 — 137 — — — 1,337 Substandard — — 184 1,987 1,376 3,043 — — 6,590 Total loans secured by business real estate $ 344,058 $ 516,400 $ 422,995 $ 446,733 $ 267,062 $ 529,565 $ 14,518 $ 246 $ 2,541,577 Commercial Loans Commercial and industrial Pass $ 127,082 $ 260,368 $ 159,001 $ 210,163 $ 51,800 $ 82,291 $ 801,752 $ 9,315 $ 1,701,772 Special mention 735 — 2,331 185 1,320 243 17,890 37 22,741 Substandard — 3,310 2,737 610 1,333 2,446 32,858 1,027 44,321 Franchise non-real estate secured Pass 27,607 164,025 94,494 46,174 40,829 27,745 1,361 502 402,737 Special mention — 7,267 2,037 230 480 2,321 — — 12,335 Substandard — 6,690 3,706 18,425 700 204 — — 29,725 SBA non-real estate secured Pass 407 2,257 1,558 2,674 610 4,449 — 259 12,214 Special mention — — — 1,574 — — — — 1,574 Substandard — 83 357 282 340 400 707 — 2,169 Total commercial loans $ 155,831 $ 444,000 $ 266,221 $ 280,317 $ 97,412 $ 120,099 $ 854,568 $ 11,140 $ 2,229,588 Term Loans by Vintage 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Revolving Converted to Term During the Period Total December 31, 2020 (Dollars in thousands) Retail Loans Single family residential Pass $ 10,794 $ 7,714 $ 13,982 $ 14,039 $ 33,968 $ 124,248 $ 27,172 — $ 231,917 Substandard — — — — — 657 — — 657 Consumer loans Pass 52 112 37 25 2 3,145 3,508 — 6,881 Substandard — 7 — — — 41 — — 48 Total retail loans $ 10,846 $ 7,833 $ 14,019 $ 14,064 $ 33,970 $ 128,091 $ 30,680 $ — $ 239,503 Totals gross loans $ 1,862,085 $ 3,354,750 $ 2,140,513 $ 1,729,763 $ 1,072,603 $ 2,152,690 $ 912,643 $ 11,386 $ 13,236,433 The following table stratifies the loan portfolio by the Company’s internal risk rating as of December 31, 2019: Credit Risk Grades Pass Special Substandard Total Gross (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2019 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied $ 2,067,875 $ 1,178 $ 1,088 $ 2,070,141 Multifamily 1,575,510 — 216 1,575,726 Construction and land 438,769 — 17 438,786 SBA secured by real estate 65,835 973 1,623 68,431 Total investor loans secured by real estate 4,147,989 2,151 2,944 4,153,084 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied 1,831,853 11,167 3,534 1,846,554 Franchise real estate secured 352,319 921 — 353,240 SBA secured by real estate 83,106 1,842 3,433 88,381 Total business loans secured by real estate 2,267,278 13,930 6,967 2,288,175 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 1,359,662 13,226 20,382 1,393,270 Franchise non-real estate secured 546,594 6,930 10,833 564,357 SBA not secured by real estate 13,933 485 3,008 17,426 Total commercial loans 1,920,189 20,641 34,223 1,975,053 Retail loans Single family residential 254,463 — 561 255,024 Consumer loans 50,921 — 54 50,975 Total retail loans 305,384 — 615 305,999 Total gross loans $ 8,640,840 $ 36,722 $ 44,749 $ 8,722,311 The following tables stratify loans held for investment by delinquencies in the Company’s loan portfolio as of the periods indicated: Days Past Due Current 30-59 60-89 90+ Total (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2020 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied $ 2,674,328 $ — $ — $ 757 $ 2,675,085 Multifamily 5,171,355 1 — — 5,171,356 Construction and land 321,993 — — — 321,993 SBA secured by real estate 56,074 — — 1,257 57,331 Total investor loans secured by real estate 8,223,750 1 — 2,014 8,225,765 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied 2,108,746 — — 5,304 2,114,050 Franchise real estate secured 347,932 — — — 347,932 SBA secured by real estate 78,036 486 — 1,073 79,595 Total business loans secured by real estate 2,534,714 486 — 6,377 2,541,577 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 1,765,451 428 57 2,898 1,768,834 Franchise non-real estate secured 444,797 — — — 444,797 SBA not secured by real estate 14,912 338 — 707 15,957 Total commercial loans 2,225,160 766 57 3,605 2,229,588 Retail loans Single family residential 232,559 15 — — 232,574 Consumer loans 6,928 1 — — 6,929 Total retail loans 239,487 16 — — 239,503 Totals $ 13,223,111 $ 1,269 $ 57 $ 11,996 $ 13,236,433 Days Past Due Current 30-59 60-89 90+ Total (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2019 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied $ 2,067,874 $ 1,179 $ — $ 1,088 $ 2,070,141 Multifamily 1,575,726 — — — 1,575,726 Construction and land 438,786 — — — 438,786 SBA secured by real estate 68,041 — — 390 68,431 Total investor loans secured by real estate 4,150,427 1,179 — 1,478 4,153,084 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied 1,846,223 331 — — 1,846,554 Franchise real estate secured 353,240 — — — 353,240 SBA secured by real estate 86,946 — 589 846 88,381 Total business loans secured by real estate 2,286,409 331 589 846 2,288,175 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 1,389,026 422 826 2,996 1,393,270 Franchise non-real estate secured 555,215 — 9,142 — 564,357 SBA not secured by real estate 16,141 167 — 1,118 17,426 Total commercial loans 1,960,382 589 9,968 4,114 1,975,053 Retail loans Single family residential 255,024 — — — 255,024 Consumer loans 50,967 5 2 1 50,975 Total retail loans 305,991 5 2 1 305,999 Totals $ 8,703,209 $ 2,104 $ 10,559 $ 6,439 $ 8,722,311 Individually Evaluated Loans Beginning on January 1, 2020, the Company evaluates loans collectively for purposes of determining the ACL in accordance with ASC 326. Collective evaluation is based on aggregating loans deemed to possess similar risk characteristics. In certain instances the Company may identify loans that it believes no longer possess risk characteristics similar to other loans in the loan portfolio. These loans are typically identified from those that have exhibited deterioration in credit quality, since the specific attributes and risks associated with such loans tend to become unique as the credit deteriorates. Such loans are typically nonperforming, modified through a TDR, downgraded to substandard or worse, and/or are deemed collateral dependent, where the ultimate repayment of the loan is expected to come from the operation of or eventual sale of the collateral. Loans that are deemed by management to no longer possess risk characteristics similar to other loans in the portfolio, or that have been identified as collateral dependent, are evaluated individually for purposes of determining an appropriate lifetime ACL. The Company uses a discounted cash flow approach, using the loan’s effective interest rate, for determining the ACL on individually evaluated loans, unless the loan is deemed collateral dependent, which requires evaluation based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, less estimated costs to sell. The Company may increase or decrease the ACL for collateral dependent loans based on changes in the estimated fair value of the collateral. Changes in the ACL for all other individually evaluated loans is based substantially on the Company’s evaluation of cash flows expected to be received from such loans. As of December 31, 2020, $29.2 million of loans were individually evaluated, and the ACL attributed to such loans was $126,000. At December 31, 2020, $15.2 million of individually evaluated loans were evaluated using a discounted cash flow approach and $14.0 million of individually evaluated loans were evaluated based on the underlying value of the collateral. The Company had individually evaluated loans on nonaccrual status of $29.2 million at December 31, 2020. Impaired Loans Prior to the adoption of ASC 326 on January 1, 2020, the Company classified loans as impaired when, based on current information and events, it was probable that the Company would be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement or it was determined that the likelihood of the Company receiving all scheduled payments, including interest, when due was remote. Credit losses on impaired loans were determined separately based on the guidance in ASC 310. Beginning January 1, 2020, the Company accounts for credit losses on all loans in accordance with ASC 326, which eliminates the concept of an impaired loan within the context of determining credit losses, and requires all loans to be evaluated for credit losses collectively based on similar risk characteristics. Loans are only evaluated individually when they are deemed to no longer possess similar risk characteristics with other loans in the loan portfolio. Prior to the adoption of ASC 326, the Company reviewed loans for impairment when the loan was classified as substandard or worse, delinquent 90 days, determined by management to be collateral dependent, when the borrower filed for bankruptcy, or was granted a loan modification in a TDR. Measurement of impairment was based on the loan’s expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, measured by reference to an observable market value, if one existed, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan was deemed collateral dependent. Valuation allowances were determined on a loan-by-loan basis or by aggregating loans with similar risk characteristics. The following tables provide a summary of the Company’s investment in impaired loans as of and for the periods indicated: Impaired Loans Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance With Specific Allowance Without Specific Allowance Specific Allowance for Impaired Loans Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2019 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner occupied $ 1,088 $ 1,184 $ — $ 1,088 $ — $ 317 $ — Construction and land — — — — — 120 — SBA secured by real estate 390 772 — 390 — 1,002 — Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied — — — — — 777 — Franchise real estate secured — — — — — 1,887 — SBA secured by real estate 1,517 1,743 — 1,517 — 872 16 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 7,529 7,755 — 7,529 — 10,251 385 Franchise non-real estate secured 10,834 10,835 — 10,834 — 1,192 151 SBA non-real estate secured 1,118 1,555 — 1,118 — 1,122 — Retail loans Single family residential 366 412 — 366 — 379 — Consumer — — — — — 19 — Totals $ 22,842 $ 24,256 $ — $ 22,842 $ — $ 17,938 $ 552 December 31, 2018 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner occupied $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 538 $ — Multifamily — — — — — 500 — Construction and land — — — — — 5 — SBA secured by real estate 1,600 6,077 488 1,140 466 1,280 — Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied 599 628 — 599 — 1,565 — Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 8,523 8,571 550 7,973 118 1,782 36 Franchise non-real estate secured 190 190 — 190 — 119 — SBA non-real estate secured 1,110 1,521 — 1,110 — 534 — Retail loans Single family residential 408 453 — 408 — 1,206 — Consumer — — — — — 33 — Totals $ 12,430 $ 17,440 $ 1,038 $ 11,420 $ 584 $ 7,562 $ 36 The Company had impaired loans on nonaccrual status of $8.5 million at December 31, 2019. The Company had no loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing at December 31, 2019. Troubled Debt Restructurings We sometimes modify or restructure loans when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties by making a concession to the borrower in the form of changes in the amortization terms, reductions in the interest rates, the acceptance of interest only payments, and, in limited cases, concessions to the outstanding loan balances. These loans are classified as TDRs. TDRs are loans modified for the purpose of alleviating temporary impairments to the borrower’s financial condition or cash flows. A workout plan between us and the borrower is designed to provide a bridge for borrower cash flow shortfalls in the near term. In most cases, the Company initially places TDRs on nonaccrual status, and may be returned to accrual status when the loan is brought current, has performed in accordance with the restructured contractual terms for a period of at least six months, and the ultimate collectability of the total contractual restructured principal and interest is no longer in doubt. At December 31, 2020, the Company had no TDR loans. During the year ended December 31, 2020, there were no loans modified as TDRs. At December 31, 2019, the Company had two TDRs aggregating to $3.0 million, consisting of a franchise non-real estate secured loan of $1.7 million and a commercial and industrial loan of $1.3 million with each’s terms being modified to extend the maturity date for 24 months or less. The modifications did not have a financial impact on the recorded investments. These two TDRs were both current and on accrual status as of December 31, 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2020, both TDRs experienced payment defaults after modifications within the previous 12 months and the remaining balance, which were $1.3 million for commercial and industrial loan and $344,000 for franchise non-real estate secured loan, were charged off in 2020. During the year ended December 31, 2019, there were no TDRs that experienced payment defaults after modifications within the previous 12 months. The CARES Act, signed into law on March 27, 2020, permits financial institutions to suspend requirements under GAAP for loan modifications to borrowers affected by COVID-19 that would otherwise be characterized as TDRs and suspend any determination related thereto if (i) the loan modification is made between March 1, 2020 and the earlier of December 31, 2020 or 60 days after the end of the coronavirus emergency declaration and (ii) the applicable loan was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. On April 7, 2020, federal bank regulators issued a joint interagency statement that allows lenders to conclude that a borrower is not experiencing financial difficulty if short-term (e.g., six months or less) modifications are made in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant related to loans in which the borrower is less than 30 days past due on its contractual payments at the time a modification program is implemented. The CAA, signed into law on December 27, 2020, extends the applicable period to include modification to loans held by financial institutions executed between March 1, 2020 and the earlier of (i) January 1, 2022, or (ii) 60 days after the date of termination of the COVID-19 national emergency. For COVID-19 related loan modifications in the form of payment deferrals, the delinquency status will not advance and loans that were accruing at the time that the relief is provided will generally not be placed on nonaccrual status during the deferral period. Interest income will continue to be recognized over the contractual life of the loan. However, the Company, through its credit portfolio management activities, has continued to monitor facts and circumstances associated with the underlying credit quality of loans modified under the provisions of the CARES Act in an effort to identify any loans where the accrual of interest during the modification period is no longer appropriate. In such cases, the Company ceases the accrual of |