Loans Held for Investment | Loans Held for Investment The Company’s loan portfolio is segmented according to loans that share similar attributes and risk characteristics. Investor loans secured by real estate includes commercial real estate (“CRE”), non-owner-occupied, multifamily, construction, and land, as well as Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans secured by investor real estate, which are loans collateralized by hotel/motel real property. Business loans secured by real estate are loans to businesses that are collateralized by real estate where the operating cash flow of the business is the primary source of repayment. This loan portfolio includes CRE owner-occupied, franchise loans secured by real estate, and SBA loans secured by real estate, which are collateralized by real property other than hotel/motel real property. Commercial loans are loans to businesses where the operating cash flow of the business is the primary source of repayment. This loan portfolio includes commercial and industrial (“C&I”), franchise loans non-real estate secured, and SBA loans non-real estate secured. Retail loans include single family residential and consumer loans. Single family residential includes home equity lines of credit, as well as second trust deeds. The following table presents the composition of the loan portfolio for the periods indicated: June 30, December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied $ 2,571,246 $ 2,660,321 Multifamily 5,788,030 6,112,026 Construction and land 428,287 399,034 SBA secured by real estate 38,876 42,135 Total investor loans secured by real estate 8,826,439 9,213,516 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied 2,281,721 2,432,163 Franchise real estate secured 318,539 378,057 SBA secured by real estate 57,084 61,368 Total business loans secured by real estate 2,657,344 2,871,588 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 1,744,763 2,160,948 Franchise non-real estate secured 351,944 404,791 SBA non-real estate secured 9,688 11,100 Total commercial loans 2,106,395 2,576,839 Retail loans Single family residential 70,993 72,997 Consumer 2,241 3,284 Total retail loans 73,234 76,281 Loans held for investment before basis adjustment (1) 13,663,412 14,738,224 Basis adjustment associated with fair value hedge (2) (53,130) (61,926) Loans held for investment 13,610,282 14,676,298 Allowance for credit losses for loans held for investment (192,333) (195,651) Loans held for investment, net $ 13,417,949 $ 14,480,647 Total unfunded loan commitments $ 2,202,647 $ 2,489,203 Loans held for sale, at lower of cost or fair value 2,184 2,643 ______________________________ (1) Includes net deferred origination fees of $142,000 and $1.9 million, and unaccreted fair value net purchase discounts of $48.4 million and $54.8 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. (2) Represents the basis adjustment associated with the application of hedge accounting on certain loans. Refer to Note 11 – Derivative Instruments for additional information. The Company originates SBA loans with the intent to sell the guaranteed portion of the loans prior to maturity and, therefore, designates them as held for sale. From time to time, the Company may purchase or sell other types of loans in order to manage concentrations, maximize interest income, change risk profiles, improve returns, and generate liquidity. Loans Serviced for Others and Loan Securitization The Company generally retains the servicing rights of the guaranteed portion of SBA loans sold, for which the Company initially records a servicing asset at fair value within its other assets category. Servicing assets are subsequently measured using the amortization method and amortized to noninterest income. At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the servicing assets totaled $2.3 million and $3.0 million, respectively, and were included in other assets in the Company’s consolidated statement of financial condition. Servicing assets are evaluated for impairment based upon the fair value of the servicing rights as compared to carrying amount. Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance, to the extent the fair value is less than the carrying amount. At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company determined that no valuation allowance was necessary. In connection with the acquisition of Opus Bank (“Opus”), the Company acquired Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) guaranteed structured pass-through certificates, which were issued as a result of Opus’s securitization sale of $509 million in originated multifamily loans through a Freddie Mac-sponsored transaction in December 2016. The Company's continuing involvement includes sub-servicing responsibilities, general representations and warranties, and reimbursement obligations. Servicing responsibilities on loan sales generally include obligations to collect and remit payments of principal and interest, provide foreclosure services, manage payments of taxes and insurance premiums, and otherwise administer the underlying loans. In connection with the securitization transaction, Freddie Mac was designated as the master servicer and appointed the Company to perform sub-servicing responsibilities, which generally include the servicing responsibilities described above with the exception of the servicing of foreclosed or defaulted loans. The overall management, servicing, and resolution of defaulted loans and foreclosed loans are separately designated to the special servicer, a third-party institution that is independent of the master servicer and the Company. The master servicer has the right to terminate the Company in its role as sub-servicer and direct such responsibilities accordingly. To the extent the ultimate resolution of defaulted loans results in contractual principal and interest payments that are deficient, the Company is obligated to reimburse Freddie Mac for such amounts, not to exceed 10% of the original principal amount of the loans comprising the securitization pool at the closing date of December 23, 2016. The liability recorded for Company’s exposure to the reimbursement agreement with Freddie Mac was $334,000 as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Loans sold and serviced for others are not included in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition. The unpaid principal balance of loans and participations serviced for others was $421.3 million at June 30, 2023 and $463.4 million at December 31, 2022, respectively. Included in those totals are multifamily loans transferred through securitization with Freddie Mac of $51.3 million and $54.2 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and SBA participations serviced for others of $286.3 million and $315.3 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Concentration of Credit Risk As of June 30, 2023, the Company’s loan portfolio was primarily collateralized by various forms of real estate and business assets located predominately in California. The Company’s loan portfolio contains concentrations of credit in multifamily, CRE non-owner-occupied, CRE owner-occupied, and C&I business loans. The Bank maintains policies approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors (the “Bank Board”) that address these concentrations and diversifies its loan portfolio through loan originations, purchases, and sales to meet approved concentration levels. Under applicable laws and regulations, the Bank may not make secured loans to one borrower in excess of 25% of the Bank’s unimpaired capital plus surplus, and likewise in excess of 15% of the Bank’s unimpaired capital plus surplus for unsecured loans. These loans-to-one borrower limitations result in a dollar limitation of $824.2 million for secured loans and $494.5 million for unsecured loans at June 30, 2023. In order to manage concentration risk, the Bank maintains a house lending limit well below these statutory maximums. At June 30, 2023, the Bank’s largest aggregate outstanding balance of loans to one borrower was $170.3 million secured by multifamily properties. Credit Quality and Credit Risk Management The Company’s credit quality and credit risk are controlled in two distinct areas. The first is the loan origination process, wherein the Bank underwrites credit and chooses which types and levels of risk it is willing to accept. The Company maintains a credit policy which addresses many related topics, sets forth maximum tolerances for key elements of loan risk, and indicates appropriate protocols for identifying and analyzing these risk elements. The policy sets forth specific guidelines for analyzing each of the loan products the Company offers from both an individual and portfolio-wide basis. The credit policy is reviewed annually by the Bank Board. The Bank’s underwriters ensure all key risk factors are analyzed, with most underwriting including a global cash flow analysis of the prospective borrowers. The second area is in the ongoing oversight of the loan portfolio, where existing credit risk is measured and monitored, and where performance issues are dealt with in a timely and appropriate fashion. Credit risk is monitored and managed within the loan portfolio by the Company’s portfolio managers based on both the credit policy and a credit and portfolio review policy. This latter policy requires a program of financial data collection and analysis, thorough loan reviews, property and/or business inspections, monitoring of portfolio concentrations and trends, and incorporation of current business and economic conditions. The portfolio managers also monitor asset-based lines of credit, loan covenants, and other conditions associated with the Company’s business loans as a means to help identify potential credit risk. Most individual loans, excluding the homogeneous loan portfolio, are reviewed at least annually, including the assignment or confirmation of a risk grade. Risk grades are based on a six-grade Pass scale, along with Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss classifications, and such classifications are defined by the federal banking regulatory agencies. The assignment of risk grades allows the Company to, among other things, identify the risk associated with each credit in the portfolio and to provide a basis for estimating credit losses inherent in the portfolio. Risk grades are reviewed regularly with the Company’s Credit and Portfolio Review Committee, and the portfolio management and risk grading process is reviewed on an ongoing basis by an independent loan review function and periodic internal audits, as well as by regulatory agencies during scheduled examinations. The following provides brief definitions for risk grades assigned to loans in the portfolio: • Pass assets carry an acceptable level of credit quality that contains no well-defined deficiencies or weaknesses. • Special Mention assets do not currently expose the Bank to a sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the adverse categories, but possess correctable deficiencies or potential weaknesses deserving management’s close attention. • Substandard assets are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. These assets are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. OREO acquired through foreclosure is also classified as substandard. • Doubtful assets have all the weaknesses inherent in substandard assets, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. • Loss assets are those that are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets is not warranted. Amounts classified as loss are promptly charged off. The Bank’s portfolio managers also manage loan performance risks, collections, workouts, bankruptcies, and foreclosures. A special department, whose portfolio managers have professional expertise in these areas, typically handles or advises on these types of matters. Loan performance risks are mitigated by our portfolio managers acting promptly and assertively to address problem credits when they are identified. Collection efforts commence immediately upon non-payment, and the portfolio managers seek to promptly determine the appropriate steps to minimize the Company’s risk of loss. When foreclosure will maximize the Company’s recovery for a non-performing loan, the portfolio managers will take appropriate action to initiate the foreclosure process. When a loan is graded as special mention, substandard, or doubtful, the Company obtains an updated valuation of the underlying collateral. Collateral generally consists of accounts receivable, inventory, fixed assets, real estate properties, and/or cash. If, through the Company’s credit risk management process, it is determined the ultimate repayment of a loan will come from the foreclosure upon and ultimate sale of the underlying collateral, the loan is deemed collateral dependent and evaluated individually to determine an appropriate ACL for the loan. The ACL for such loans is measured as the amount by which the fair value of the underlying collateral, less estimated costs to sell, is less than the amortized cost of the loan. The Company typically continues to obtain or confirm updated valuations of underlying collateral for special mention and classified loans on an annual or biennial basis in order to have the most current indication of fair value of the underlying collateral securing the loan. Additionally, once a loan is identified as collateral dependent, due to the likelihood of foreclosure, and repayment of the loan is expected to come from the eventual sale of the underlying collateral, an analysis of the underlying collateral is performed at least quarterly. Changes in the estimated fair value of the collateral are reflected in the lifetime ACL for the loan. Balances deemed to be uncollectable are promptly charged-off. However, if a loan is not considered collateral dependent and management determines that the loan no longer possesses risk characteristics similar to other loans in the loan portfolio, the loan is individually evaluated, and the associated ACL is determined through the use of a discounted cash flow analysis. The following table stratifies the loans held for investment portfolio by the Company’s internal risk grading, and by year of origination, as well as the gross charge-offs on a year-to-date basis by year of origination as of June 30, 2023: Term Loans by Vintage (Dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Revolving Converted to Term During the Period Total June 30, 2023 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied Pass $ 13,775 $ 520,853 $ 599,620 $ 196,597 $ 321,542 $ 903,295 $ — $ — $ 2,555,682 Special mention — 3,847 2,570 — — — — — 6,417 Substandard — 437 — — — 8,710 — — 9,147 Multifamily Pass 73,440 1,210,300 2,095,164 739,051 858,898 798,230 403 — 5,775,486 Special mention — — — — 12,544 — — — 12,544 Construction and land Pass 45,304 227,148 137,500 7,693 4,858 5,784 — — 428,287 SBA secured by real estate Pass — 6,524 130 493 4,820 18,351 — — 30,318 Substandard — — — — 534 8,024 — — 8,558 Total investor loans secured by real estate 132,519 1,969,109 2,834,984 943,834 1,203,196 1,742,394 403 — 8,826,439 Current period gross charge-offs — — 217 — — 2,730 — — 2,947 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied Pass 11,456 582,666 680,769 231,507 227,929 499,279 5,845 — 2,239,451 Special mention — — 2,816 — — 15,229 — — 18,045 Substandard — 10,348 — 4,251 — 9,626 — — 24,225 Franchise real estate secured Pass 7,619 39,661 129,858 28,875 16,617 78,356 — — 300,986 Special mention — 7,701 3,879 — 823 — — — 12,403 Substandard — 950 — — 3,903 297 — — 5,150 SBA secured by real estate Pass 115 9,951 8,079 2,128 5,140 26,014 — — 51,427 Substandard — — — — — 5,657 — — 5,657 Total loans secured by business real estate 19,190 651,277 825,401 266,761 254,412 634,458 5,845 — 2,657,344 Current period gross charge-offs — — 318 191 — 1,861 — — 2,370 Term Loans by Vintage (Dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Revolving Converted to Term During the Period Total Commercial loans Commercial and industrial Pass $ 29,948 $ 229,282 $ 198,520 $ 50,242 $ 120,448 $ 168,018 $ 856,579 $ 3,354 $ 1,656,391 Special mention — 5,152 12,709 — 561 — 21,279 55 39,756 Substandard — 15,310 3,067 694 2 1,213 14,199 14,131 48,616 Franchise non-real estate secured Pass 7,524 79,358 122,005 17,431 39,975 63,563 776 — 330,632 Special mention — 1,346 1,767 — 674 — — — 3,787 Substandard — 1,641 354 2,651 11,169 1,710 — — 17,525 SBA non-real estate secured Pass 331 3,336 352 119 1,558 2,926 — — 8,622 Substandard — 555 — 146 124 241 — — 1,066 Total commercial loans 37,803 335,980 338,774 71,283 174,511 237,671 892,833 17,540 2,106,395 Current period gross charge-offs — 282 59 5 289 36 677 — 1,348 Retail loans Single family residential Pass 20 — — 172 — 45,491 25,308 — 70,991 Substandard — — — — — 2 — — 2 Consumer loans Pass — — 3 13 8 881 1,336 — 2,241 Total retail loans 20 — 3 185 8 46,374 26,644 — 73,234 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — 983 2 — 985 Loans held for investment before basis adjustment (1) $ 189,532 $ 2,956,366 $ 3,999,162 $ 1,282,063 $ 1,632,127 $ 2,660,897 $ 925,725 $ 17,540 $ 13,663,412 Total current period gross charge-offs — 282 594 196 289 5,610 679 — 7,650 ______________________________ (1) Excludes the basis adjustment of $53.1 million to the carrying amount of certain loans included in fair value hedging relationships. Refer to Note 11 – Derivative Instruments for additional information. The following table stratifies the loans held for investment portfolio by the Company’s internal risk grading, and by year of origination, as of December 31, 2022: Term Loans by Vintage (Dollars in thousands) 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Revolving Converted to Term During the Period Total December 31, 2022 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied Pass $ 523,895 $ 607,153 $ 208,760 $ 347,889 $ 308,317 $ 651,593 $ — $ — $ 2,647,607 Special mention — — — — 7,487 — — — 7,487 Substandard — — — — 194 4,570 — 463 5,227 Multifamily Pass 1,230,359 2,187,255 786,436 889,737 263,241 732,808 — — 6,089,836 Special mention — — — 12,667 — — — — 12,667 Substandard — 6,057 — 2,723 — 743 — — 9,523 Term Loans by Vintage (Dollars in thousands) 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Revolving Converted to Term During the Period Total December 31, 2022 Construction and land Pass 187,567 154,231 38,760 9,615 1,843 7,018 — — 399,034 SBA secured by real estate Pass 6,571 130 493 5,407 7,361 13,199 — — 33,161 Substandard — — — — 2,416 6,558 — — 8,974 Total investor loans secured by real estate 1,948,392 2,954,826 1,034,449 1,268,038 590,859 1,416,489 — 463 9,213,516 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied Pass 593,826 718,223 242,125 240,772 114,581 448,531 5,661 — 2,363,719 Special mention 334 1,015 — — 675 327 — — 2,351 Substandard 10,838 2,541 11,970 2,403 4,676 33,665 — — 66,093 Franchise real estate secured Pass 54,654 131,541 33,513 44,229 32,815 55,893 — — 352,645 Special mention 4,891 13,145 — — — — — — 18,036 Substandard 980 — — 6,092 — 304 — — 7,376 SBA secured by real estate Pass 10,993 6,978 2,329 5,710 4,440 25,415 — — 55,865 Special mention — — — — — 118 — — 118 Substandard — — — — 1,354 4,031 — — 5,385 Total loans secured by business real estate 676,516 873,443 289,937 299,206 158,541 568,284 5,661 — 2,871,588 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial Pass 282,131 262,044 55,659 155,310 78,684 121,918 1,134,568 3,412 2,093,726 Special mention 15,105 3,567 798 — 1,864 41 9,898 — 31,273 Substandard 2,590 80 — 3,867 562 1,029 27,680 141 35,949 Franchise non-real estate secured Pass 102,542 128,030 18,486 46,027 28,664 43,486 778 — 368,013 Special mention 1,372 14,382 — 11,829 — — — — 27,583 Substandard 1,757 385 2,852 2,256 1,637 308 — — 9,195 SBA non-real estate secured Pass 3,444 435 276 1,638 633 3,124 — — 9,550 Substandard — — — 130 224 606 — 590 1,550 Total commercial loans 408,941 408,923 78,071 221,057 112,268 170,512 1,172,924 4,143 2,576,839 Retail loans Single family residential Pass — — 176 — 22 49,729 23,065 — 72,992 Substandard — — — — — 5 — — 5 Consumer loans Pass — 6 17 11 — 969 2,254 — 3,257 Substandard — — — — — 27 — — 27 Total retail loans — 6 193 11 22 50,730 25,319 — 76,281 Loans held for investment $ 3,033,849 $ 4,237,198 $ 1,402,650 $ 1,788,312 $ 861,690 $ 2,206,015 $ 1,203,904 $ 4,606 $ 14,738,224 ______________________________ (1) Excludes the basis adjustment of $61.9 million to the carrying amount of certain loans included in fair value hedging relationships. Refer to Note 11 – Derivative Instruments for additional information. The following tables stratify the loans held for investment portfolio by delinquency as of the periods indicated: Days Past Due (Dollars in thousands) Current 30-59 60-89 90+ Total June 30, 2023 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied $ 2,569,680 $ — $ — $ 1,566 $ 2,571,246 Multifamily 5,788,030 — — — 5,788,030 Construction and land 428,287 — — — 428,287 SBA secured by real estate 38,349 527 — — 38,876 Total investor loans secured by real estate 8,824,346 527 — 1,566 8,826,439 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied 2,276,988 — — 4,733 2,281,721 Franchise real estate secured 318,539 — — — 318,539 SBA secured by real estate 55,778 — — 1,306 57,084 Total business loans secured by real estate 2,651,305 — — 6,039 2,657,344 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 1,722,499 122 31 22,111 1,744,763 Franchise non-real estate secured 351,944 — — — 351,944 SBA not secured by real estate 9,133 — — 555 9,688 Total commercial loans 2,083,576 122 31 22,666 2,106,395 Retail loans Single family residential 70,993 — — — 70,993 Consumer loans 2,241 — — — 2,241 Total retail loans 73,234 — — — 73,234 Loans held for investment before basis adjustment (1) $ 13,632,461 $ 649 $ 31 $ 30,271 $ 13,663,412 December 31, 2022 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied $ 2,655,892 $ — $ — $ 4,429 $ 2,660,321 Multifamily 6,103,246 2,723 — 6,057 6,112,026 Construction and land 399,034 — — — 399,034 SBA secured by real estate 42,135 — — — 42,135 Total investor loans secured by real estate 9,200,307 2,723 — 10,486 9,213,516 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied 2,424,174 1,434 — 6,555 2,432,163 Franchise real estate secured 370,984 7,073 — — 378,057 SBA secured by real estate 60,177 — 104 1,087 61,368 Total business loans secured by real estate 2,855,335 8,507 104 7,642 2,871,588 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 2,152,302 4,657 81 3,908 2,160,948 Franchise non-real estate secured 401,199 3,592 — — 404,791 SBA not secured by real estate 10,511 — — 589 11,100 Total commercial loans 2,564,012 8,249 81 4,497 2,576,839 Retail loans Single family residential 71,940 1,057 — — 72,997 Consumer loans 3,282 2 — — 3,284 Total retail loans 75,222 1,059 — — 76,281 Loans held for investment before basis adjustment (1) $ 14,694,876 $ 20,538 $ 185 $ 22,625 $ 14,738,224 ______________________________ (1) Excludes the basis adjustment of $53.1 million and $61.9 million to the carrying amount of certain loans included in fair value hedging relationships as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Refer to Note 11 – Derivative Instruments for additional information. Individually Evaluated Loans The Company evaluates loans collectively for purposes of determining the ACL in accordance with ASC 326. Collective evaluation is based on aggregating loans deemed to possess similar risk characteristics. In certain instances, the Company may identify loans that it believes no longer possess risk characteristics similar to other loans in the portfolio. These loans are typically identified from a substandard or worse internal risk grade, since the specific attributes and risks associated with such loans tend to become unique as the credit deteriorates. Such loans are typically nonperforming, modified loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, and/or are deemed collateral dependent, where the ultimate repayment of the loan is expected to come from the operation of or eventual sale of the collateral. Loans that are deemed by management to no longer possess risk characteristics similar to other loans in the portfolio are evaluated individually for purposes of determining an appropriate lifetime ACL. The Company uses a discounted cash flow approach, using the loan’s effective interest rate, for determining the ACL on individually evaluated loans, unless the loan is deemed collateral dependent, which requires evaluation based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, less estimated costs to sell. The Company may increase or decrease the ACL for collateral dependent individually evaluated loans based on changes in the estimated expected fair value of the collateral. Changes in the ACL for all other individually evaluated loans is based substantially on the Company’s evaluation of cash flows expected to be received from such loans. As of June 30, 2023, $17.2 million of loans were individually evaluated with $4.0 million ACL attributed to such loans. At June 30, 2023, all individually evaluated loans were evaluated based on the underlying value of the collateral and none were evaluated using a discounted cash flow approach. All individually evaluated loans were on nonaccrual status at June 30, 2023. As of December 31, 2022, $30.9 million of loans were individually evaluated, and the ACL attributed to such loans totaled $1.7 million. At December 31, 2022, all individually evaluated loans were evaluated based on the underlying value of the collateral and none were evaluated using a discounted cash flow approach. All individually evaluated loans were on nonaccrual status at December 31, 2022. Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans The Company analyzed acquired loans for more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality since their origination. Such loans are classified as purchased credit deteriorated loans. Please see Note 1 - Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies , of our audited consolidated financial statements included in our 2022 Form 10-K for more information concerning the accounting for purchased credit deterioration (“PCD”) loans. The Company had PCD loans of $393.5 million and $422.7 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Acquired loans classified as PCD are recorded at an initial amortized cost, which is comprised of the purchase price of the loans (or initial fair value) and the initial ACL determined for the loans, which is added to the purchase price, as well as any resulting discount or premium related to factors other than credit. The Company accounts for interest income on PCD loans using the interest method, whereby any purchase discounts or premiums are accreted or amortized into interest income as an adjustment of the loan’s yield. Subsequent to acquisition, the ACL for PCD loans is measured in accordance with the Company’s ACL methodology. Please also see Note 6 – Allowance for Credit Losses for more information concerning the Company’s ACL methodology. Nonaccrual Loans When loans are placed on nonaccrual status, previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed from current period earnings. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are generally applied as a reduction to the loan principal balance. If the likelihood of further loss is remote, the Company may recognize interest on a cash basis. Loans may be returned to accruing status if the Company believes that all remaining principal and interest is fully collectible and there has been at least three months of sustained repayment performance since the loan was placed on nonaccrual. The Company typically does not accrue interest on loans 90 days or more past due or when, in the opinion of management, there is reasonable doubt as to the timely collection of principal or interest. However, when such loans are well-secured and in the process of collection, the Company may continue with the accrual of interest. The Company had loans on nonaccrual status of $17.2 million at June 30, 2023 and $30.9 million at December 31, 2022. The Company did not record income from the receipt of cash payments related to nonaccruing loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022. The Company had seven syndicated loans to one borrower relationship totaling $17.9 million that were 90 days or more past due and still accruing at June 30, 2023. These loans are well-secured, and are in the process of modification at June 30, 2023. The Company had no loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing at December 31, 2022. The following tables provide a summary of nonaccrual loans as of the dates indicated: Nonaccrual Loans (1) Collateral Dependent Loans Non-Collateral Dependent Loans Total Nonaccrual Loans Nonaccrual Loans with No ACL (Dollars in thousands) Balance ACL Balance ACL June 30, 2023 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied $ 1,566 $ — $ — $ — $ 1,566 $ 1,566 SBA secured by real estate 505 — — — 505 505 Total investor loans secured by real estate 2,071 — — — 2,071 2,071 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied 8,984 — — — 8,984 8,984 SBA secured by real estate 1,306 — — — 1,306 1,306 Total business loans secured by real estate 10,290 — — — 10,290 10,290 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 4,235 4,000 — — 4,235 235 SBA non-real estate secured 555 — — — 555 555 Total commercial loans 4,790 4,000 — — 4,790 790 Total nonaccrual loans $ 17,151 $ 4,000 $ — $ — $ 17,151 $ 13,151 December 31, 2022 Investor loans secured by real estate CRE non-owner-occupied $ 4,429 $ — $ — $ — $ 4,429 $ 4,429 Multifamily 8,780 — — — 8,780 8,780 SBA secured by real estate 533 — — — 533 533 Total investor loans secured by real estate 13,742 — — — 13,742 13,742 Business loans secured by real estate CRE owner-occupied 11,475 1,742 — — 11,475 9,733 SBA secured by real estate 1,191 — — — 1,191 1,191 Total business loans secured by real estate 12,666 1,742 — — 12,666 10,924 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 3,908 — — — 3,908 3,908 SBA non-real estate secured 589 — — — 589 589 Total commercial loans 4,497 — — — 4,497 4,497 Total nonaccrual loans $ 30,905 $ 1,742 $ — $ — $ 30,905 $ 29,163 ______________________________ (1) The ACL for nonaccrual loans is determined based on a discounted cash flow methodology unless the loan is considered collateral dependent; otherwise, the ACL for collateral dependent nonaccrual loans is determined based on the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral. Residential Real Estate Loans In Process of Foreclosure The Company had no consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process as of June 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022. Modified Loans to Troubled Borrowers On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2022-02, which introduces new reporting requirements for modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The Company also refers to these loans as modified loans to troubled borrowers. An MLTB arises from a modification made to a loan in order to alleviate temporary difficulties in the borrower’s financial condition and/or constraints on the borrower’s ability to repay the loan, and to minimize potential losses to the Company. GAAP requires that certain types of modifications be reported, which consist of the following: (i) principal forgiveness, (ii) interest rate reduction, (iii) other-than-insignificant payment delay, (iv) term extension, or any combination of the foregoing. The ACL for an MLTB is measured on a collective basis, as with other loans in the loan portfolio, unless management determines that such loans no longer possess risk characteristics similar to others in the loan portfolio. In those instances, the ACL for an MLTB is determined through individual evaluation. During the three months ended June 30, 2023, there were no loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The following table shows the amortized cost of the MLTB by class and type of modification, as well as the percentage of the loan modified to total loans in each class at and during the period indicated: For The Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 T |