UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or
15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended
December 31, 1999
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13
or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
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For the transition
period from to
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Commission File Number
0-23223
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CURAGEN CORPORATION
(Exact name of
registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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06-1331400
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(State or other jurisdiction of
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(I.R.S.
Employer Identification No.)
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incorporation or organization)
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555 Long Wharf Drive, 11th Floor, New Haven,
Connecticut
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06511 |
(Address of principal executive
offices)
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(Zip Code) |
Registrant's telephone
number, including area code: (203) 401-3330
Securities registered
pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered
pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $0.01 par
value
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark whether
the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13
or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file
such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the
past 90 days.
Yes [ X ] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of
delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained
herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant's
knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by
reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [
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The aggregate market value of voting common
stock and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant,
(without admitting that any person whose shares are not included in
determining such value is an affiliate) on February 29, 2000 was
approximately $2,268,202,243.
The number of shares outstanding of the
Registrant's voting common stock and non-voting common stock as of February
29, 2000 was 17,272,432 and 977,636, respectively.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
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The registrant intends to file a definitive
proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days of the end of the
fiscal year ended December 31, 1999. Portions of such proxy statement are
incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.
CURAGEN CORPORATION
FORM 10-K
INDEX
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PART
I
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Page
#
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ITEM 1.
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BUSINESS
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1
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ITEM 2.
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PROPERTIES
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11
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ITEM 3.
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LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
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11
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ITEM 4.
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SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A
VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
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12
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PART
II
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ITEM 5.
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MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S
COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
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13
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ITEM 6.
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SELECTED FINANCIAL
DATA
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14
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ITEM 7.
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MANAGEMENT'S
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
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15
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ITEM 7A.
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QUANTITATIVE AND
QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
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19
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ITEM 8.
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FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
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19
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ITEM 9.
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CHANGES IN AND
DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS
ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURES
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38
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PART
III
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ITEM 10.
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DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE
OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
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38
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ITEM 11.
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EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
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38
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ITEM 12.
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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF
CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
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38
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ITEM 13.
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND
RELATED TRANSACTIONS
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38
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PART
IV
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ITEM 14.
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EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL
STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
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38
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SIGNATURES
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
The following Business Section contains
forward-looking statements which involve risks and uncertainties. The
Registrant's actual results could differ materially from those anticipated
in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors. See
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of OperationsCertain Factors That May Affect Results of
Operations."
BUSINESS
General
We are a genomics based drug discovery and
development company. We research, develop and use technologies based on the
discovery of genes and our understanding of their functions and
relationships, which we refer to as ''genomics technologies'', to accelerate
the discovery and development of products to improve human and animal health
and the vitality of agriculture, in collaboration with other companies and
through our own internal programs.
Our Internet-enabled genomics technologies,
processes and information systems are fully integrated with one another and
rapidly generate comprehensive information about the following:
· gene sequence, the order in which
nucleotides (the building blocks of DNA) appear in a gene and control the
function of the gene;
· variations in gene sequences;
· gene expression, the degree of gene
activity;
· biological pathways, the pathways that
proteins follow in carrying out the biological functions of cells; and
· the way potential drugs affect gene
expression and the related biological pathways.
Our genomics technology and information
systems platform has three primary systems (each consisting of proprietary
technologies, automated processes, related databases and bioinformatics
analysis tools), each of which is fully operational and has been
commercialized:
· SeqCalling for gene sequencing and
discovery of variations in gene sequences;
· GeneCalling, a patented technology for
gene discovery and comprehensive gene expression analysis; and
· PathCalling for analyzing the function
and relationships between genes (and the proteins these genes encode) in
biological pathways.
In addition to accelerating the discovery of
new drug candidates, we are also using our GeneCalling technology, automated
process and related databases and bioinformatics analysis tools to predict
the efficacy and safety of drug candidates currently in pharmaceutical
development pipelines, and to review the performance and side effects of
drugs already being marketed. This approach, referred to as
pharmacogenomics, is aiding in the development of more effective, safer
drugs. Pharmacogenomics can also potentially be utilized to identify more
appropriate patient populations for use in clinical drug studies.
Our SeqCalling system generates comprehensive
sequence databases of expressed genes from any species and is used to
identify human genetic variations known as Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (
"SNPs"). This system is also biased towards identifying SNPs,
which are located within the coding regions of genes. SNPs are of increasing
value in research because they are believed to be useful markers in the
identification of disease genes and genetic differences, which may
predispose a patient to disease or determine the response of a patient to a
specific drug treatment.
We have unified our SeqCalling, GeneCalling
and PathCalling technologies, processes and databases under a computer
program we refer to as GeneScape, which tracks and analyzes data and
integrates all aspects of process management, data analysis and
visualization. GeneScape is also a web-based portal that provides
simultaneous, real-time access to our technologies, systems, databases and
bioinformatics to researchers at multiple sites, allowing them to work
together on discovery and development projects. We plan to continue
enhancing and building additional technologies on our GeneScape platform.
We market our genomics technologies and
information to pharmaceutical, biotechnology, agricultural and animal health
companies through research collaborations. These research collaborations
involve the application of our SeqCalling, GeneCalling and PathCalling
technologies, systems and databases to collaborative research projects, and
include support services required to characterize gene and target
discoveries. These collaborations typically provide current revenues, but
also include milestone payments for successful projects, and royalty-based
revenues from products emerging from the drug development programs of our
partners. We currently have research collaborations with Abgenix, Inc. (
"Abgenix"), Biogen, Inc. ("Biogen"), COR Therapeutics,
Inc. ("COR"), Genentech, Inc. ("Genentech"),
Glaxo-Wellcome, Inc. ("Glaxo"), Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (
"Roche Pharma") and its affiliate, Roche Vitamins, Inc. (
"Roche Vitamins") and Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. (
"Pioneer Hi-Bred").
We are also applying our suite of genomics
technologies on our own behalf to a broad portfolio of research programs
that encompass drug discovery, drug development and pharmacogenomics. We
have established internal programs to develop products to treat metabolic
diseases, cancer, autoimmune diseases and disorders of the central nervous
system. During the next five years, our objective is to analyze
systematically the genetic basis of many common diseases as well as the
mechanisms of action and adverse side effects of many commonly prescribed
drugs. We are focusing our efforts on programs that address unmet medical
needs and that we believe have the potential to yield products that can be
commercialized in a relatively short time. In particular, we select human
diseases and animal models of human diseases based on their potential to
yield protein drugs, antibody drugs or novel small molecule drug targets for
common diseases that lack effective treatments or to aid rational
development or marketing of existing drugs. At each stage, we plan to
reevaluate the relative merits of continuing such programs solely through
internal efforts or through research collaborations.
The goal of our drug development programs is
to advance promising therapeutic candidates into the clinic. We believe that
we are leveraging the entire human genome to do this more systematically
than ever possible before. We are focusing on two broad classes of
therapeutics, secreted proteins and fully human monoclonal antibodies raised
against membrane-bound or secreted proteins. In order to determine the
therapeutic potential of genes encoding secreted proteins, we have
implemented high-throughput protocols for the production, purification and
testing of these proteins. We have established high-throughput cell-based
assays for characterizing the therapeutic potential of secreted proteins. We
are currently evaluating the efficacy of a number of secreted proteins as
potential human therapeutics using animal models. We are also employing a
genomics based approach for the development of monoclonal antibody
therapeutics. These proteins will be used to make fully human monoclonal
antibodies. Antibodies are naturally occurring proteins used by the body's
immune system to combat many diseases. As therapeutic products, antibodies
have several potential advantages over other therapies. The highly specific
interaction between an antibody and its target may, for example, reduce
unwanted side effects that may occur with other therapies. Fully human
antibodies are desirable because they avoid the risk of rejection present
with mouse or partial mouse antibodies.
Our business and competitive position are
dependent upon our ability to protect our genomics technologies, gene
sequences, products, information systems and proprietary databases, software
and other methods and technology. We have filed patent applications for our
proprietary methods and devices for sequencing, gene expression analysis,
for discovery of biological pathways and for drug screening and development.
As of the date of this report, we had approximately 190 patent applications
pending covering our technology, discoveries and products with the United
States Patent and Trademark Office (PTO), and had filed numerous
corresponding international and foreign patent applications. As of the date
of this report, we have been issued nine patents with respect to aspects of
our technologies, discoveries and products.
On December 27, 1999, the PTO issued Revised Interim Utility Guidelines and
Revised Interim Written Description Guidelines reflecting the Office's
current understanding regarding statutory written description and utility
requirements for patentability. Should the PTO finalize these guidelines and
make them effective, the implementation of these guidelines may impact the
issuance of our pending U.S. patent applications.
Overview
Complex diseases often arise through a
combination of genetic and environmental factors. The successful treatment
of such diseases often depends upon an understanding of how the body uses
its genetic information, how disruptions in this information can lead to
disease and, in turn, how drugs can arrest or reverse disease progression.
Metabolic diseases, cancer, autoimmune diseases and disorders of the central
nervous system are examples of such complex diseases. As scientific advances
improve our understanding of the genetic basis of many diseases, we believe
that the methods the pharmaceutical industry uses to develop new drugs will
undergo a fundamental transformation. We believe that if we can develop and
apply new genomics technologies to address this transformation, we will have
a unique opportunity to develop the next generation of therapeutic products
for important complex diseases.
In recent years, scientists have begun to
analyze large portions of the genetic information contained within the human
genome, which is a complete set of human genetic information. The most
prominent of these projects being the publicly funded Human Genome Project.
This discipline is termed genomics. Through genomics, scientists seek to
understand the genetic basis of disease and to develop more effective
treatments. However, to date, the pharmaceutical, animal health and
agricultural industries have not used genomics extensively to develop new
product opportunities primarily because:
· genomics technologies have been
inadequate;
· discovery processes used by these
industries have caused them to underestimate the influence of genetic and
environmental factors upon disease; and
· uniform information systems necessary
to drive genomics technologies have been unavailable.
The treatment of complex diseases remains a
major technological challenge and will require an integrated set of genomics
technologies, processes and information systems. We believe that increased
information about gene sequences, variations in gene sequences, gene
expression, biological pathways and the proteins affecting these pathways,
and about their interplay with drugs and the environment, coupled with
information systems that enable the comprehensive understanding of this
information, will accelerate drug discovery and development. We have
developed our technologies, processes and information systems to generate
this information and enable this understanding.
We were incorporated in Delaware in November
1991. Our principal executive offices are located at 555 Long Wharf Drive,
11th Floor, New Haven, Connecticut 06511. Our telephone number is (203)
401-3330. We maintain a web site on the Internet at http://www.curagen.com.
GeneScape®, GeneCalling®, Niagara
®, QEA®, OGI®, SeqCalling
, PathCalling
, HitCalling
, GeneTools
, CuraShop
, mNiagara
, MicroNiagara
, NanoNiagara
, CuraGen
, CuraMode
, CuraTools
, CuraMap
, CuraSelect
, CuraToxT
and GeneScape Portal
and other trademarks of CuraGen Corporation
mentioned in this report are the property of CuraGen Corporation. All other
trademarks or trade names referred to herein are the property of their
respective owners.
Our Approach to Genomic Based Drug
Discovery
Our integrated genomics technologies,
processes and information systems are designed to overcome significant
technological limitations present in existing gene-based drug discovery and
development methods. Our technology platform rapidly generates comprehensive
information about gene sequences, variations in gene sequences, gene
expression, biological pathways and the proteins affecting these pathways,
and about their interplay with drugs and the environment. Our technology
platform has been used by our collaborators and ourselves to analyze many
diseases and has led to the discovery of a number of disease-related genes,
drug targets and potential drugs.
Gene Discovery (Our SeqCalling and
GeneCalling Technologies)
Our SeqCalling technology generates
comprehensive sequence databases of expressed genes from any species. Our
GeneCalling technology measures substantially all of the differences in gene
expression levels between biological samples in order to discover
disease-related genes. Specifically, we designed our GeneCalling
technologies to:
· comprehensively measure the
expression levels of 95% of the genes expressed in any species; and
· be integrated into an efficient,
automated, high-throughput process.
The combination of these traits enables us
rapidly to generate large databases of gene expression profiles. These
technologies also permit us to pursue research programs for many disease
systems and process many samples in parallel. As a result, we are able to
discover and seek patent protection for many commercially valuable
disease-related genes and gene products.
Target Identification (Our GeneCalling and
PathCalling Technologies)
We have developed our proprietary PathCalling
technologies to reduce the time and cost associated with the identification
and functional understanding of targets for therapeutic intervention. Our
PathCalling system is an automated, high-throughput process that tests for
interactions between combinations of proteins and assembles these
protein-protein interactions into our PathCalling database. By identifying
such protein-protein interactions and comparing them with known pathways
within the PathCalling database, we can determine the role of these proteins
within a given biological pathway. We have designed our PathCalling
technologies to permit disease-related genes to be linked rapidly to
specific biological pathways, providing valuable information which can lead
to the discovery of new genes and additional targets for therapeutic
intervention.
Pharmacogenomics (Our SeqCalling,
GeneCalling and PathCalling Technologies)
Our SeqCalling, GeneCalling and PathCalling
technologies can also be used in preclinical and clinical trials to predict
which drugs are more likely to be effective by analyzing gene expression
changes induced by drug treatment in humans and animal models. We have
generated our GeneCalling databases for numerous drugs already on the market
to accelerate the development of an improved generation of drugs with fewer
side effects and to assist in the selection of appropriate patient
populations. By correlating gene expression levels and the activities of
biological pathways following treatment with specific drugs, we may be able
to minimize the side effects of drugs, to identify appropriate patient
populations for existing drugs and to aid in the development of safer, more
effective drugs. In addition we use our SeqCalling database to identify
variations SNPs in genes that respond to drugs, and can use these variations
for identifying the most appropriate patients for a specific drug treatment.
Technology Integration and Information
Systems (Our GeneScape Platform)
We have integrated our SeqCalling,
GeneCalling, and PathCalling technologies under a single bioinformatics
operating system we refer to as our GeneScape platform. This system unifies
all aspects of process management, data analysis and visualization used in
our technologies. Our goal is to establish our fully integrated technologies
and GeneScape operating system as the preferred platform for genomics, as
well as drug discovery, drug development and pharmacogenomics.
We designed GeneScape to meet the needs of
researchers for a single operating system which integrates research
requests, project management, database access and data analysis and
visualization. GeneScape provides the user with a web-based standardized
interface to our processes and databases, operating over the Internet on any
computer platform that supports a standard web browser. By providing
simultaneous, real-time access to our technologies, systems and databases to
researchers at multiple sites, GeneScape is a powerful tool that permits
researchers to work together on discovery and development projects. As
GeneScape is modular and may be expanded to incorporate other technologies,
systems and databases, we intend to continually enhance this technology
platform.
Products and Services
We are marketing our genomics technologies and
genetic information derived from our technologies by establishing research
collaborations with pharmaceutical, biotechnology, agricultural, animal
health and other life science companies. Our research collaborations involve
the application of our SeqCalling, GeneCalling, and PathCalling technologies
to a collaborator's projects. These technologies can be used in discovery
efforts as well as preclinical and clinical trials to predict which drugs
are more likely to succeed by analyzing gene expression changes induced by
drug treatment in humans and animal models. We may also provide certain
support services necessary to characterize gene and target discoveries,
subscriptions to our databases and integration with a collaborator's
existing development pipeline of products. We use our GeneScape software
platform in such collaborations to manage our processes and provide access
to our databases.
SeqCalling and GeneCalling Systems: Gene
Sequencing and Gene Expression Services and Databases
We developed our proprietary SeqCalling and
GeneCalling technologies to overcome significant limitations of competing
gene and gene sequence discovery methods currently in use. Our GeneCalling
system generates and analyzes gene expression profiles and stores
differences in gene expression profiles to identify disease-related genes.
The system permits sensitive detection of genes that can control biological
pathways when expressed at very low levels. Unlike methods that use
expressed-sequence tags, known as EST's, our GeneCalling system does not
require repetitive sequencing to measure gene expression. Our technology is
comprehensive in detecting genes with novel sequences and is therefore
applicable universally to humans, animals, plants, and pathogens. In
comparison, hybridization-based methods are primarily limited to known genes
and do not readily discriminate between the many genes that share closely
related DNA sequences.
Our SeqCalling system generates comprehensive
sequence databases of expressed genes from any species and is used to
identify new genes and human genetic variations known as SNPs. This system
may also be used to identify SNPs, which are located within the coding
regions of genes. SNPs are of increasing value in research because they are
believed to be useful markers in the identification of disease genes and
genetic differences, which may determine the response of a patient to
disease and to drug treatment. Our GeneCalling system measures expression
levels and determines gene expression differences between biological samples
(such as diseased and normal human tissues) and enhances the ability to
discover disease-related genes. Samples are usually processed within a month
of receipt, and profiles of gene expression levels are available immediately
thereafter for inspection and analysis.
PathCalling Systems: Pathway Analysis
Services and Database
Once genes involved in a disease have been
identified using our SeqCalling and GeneCalling systems, it is important to
be able to determine how the proteins that these genes encode interact in
the complex biological pathways involved in the disease. A particular
disease-related protein might not always be the best candidate for treatment
or as a target for drug development. However, increased knowledge of the
other proteins in the same pathway may lead to promising protein drug or
target candidates. Our PathCalling technologies were developed to provide a
link between disease-related proteins and their biological pathways to aid
in the identification and validation of appropriate targets following the
discovery of a disease-related gene.
Our PathCalling system consists of proprietary
automated, high-throughput biological operations that simultaneously test
for interactions between pairs of proteins. Our PathCalling system then
assembles discovered protein-protein interactions into connected biological
pathways, including pathways discovered previously by us or previously
described in the scientific literature. Our objective is to continue to
build our PathCalling database to contain protein-protein interactions that
constitute the pathways that are relevant to disease. Our PathCalling
bioinformatics tools permit the graphical display of all pathways contained
in the database involving any particular protein and allow these pathways to
be queried for information in much the same way gene sequence databases are
queried today. We believe that this will allow disease-related genes to be
linked to specific biological pathways. We believe the linkage will provide
for crucial biological context for gene discoveries, which may lead to the
identification of potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
We seek patent protection on the utility of
specific proteins or protein-protein interactions as drug targets based on
information provided by PathCalling, in addition to composition of matter
claims based on the sequences of novel and non-obvious proteins and the
genes encoding them.
CuraShop
We also offer services to our collaborators
that will complement our proprietary SeqCalling, GeneCalling, and
PathCalling technologies. Our CuraShop technologies can provide
high-throughput, efficient and essential research services, including
confirmation of gene expression differences, gene sequencing, delivery of
full-length clones of genes, gene mapping and mutation detection. These
services and materials can all be requested, for a fee, directly through our
GeneScape software platform.
Our GeneScape Bioinformatics Platform
We designed GeneScape to meet the needs of
researchers for a single operating system which integrates research
requests, project management, database access and data analysis and
visualization. GeneScape provides the user with a web-based standardized
interface to our processes and databases, operating over the Internet on any
computer platform that supports a standard web browser. GeneScape is modular
and may be expanded to incorporate other processes. GeneScape currently
consists of three components: Discovery, Study Management and CuraTools.
Discovery. The Discovery component of
our GeneScape system manages queries to our SeqCalling, GeneCalling, and
PathCalling databases. GeneScape provides data analysis and visualization
through a flexible, easy-to-use point-and-click interface organized in three
sections corresponding to the SeqCalling, GeneCalling, and PathCalling
databases. The GeneScape system provides the answers to queries in visual
format, organized according to the following preferences set by the end
user:
· differential gene expression;
· expression in particular samples,
tissues, or disease stages;
· participation in metabolic or signal
transduction pathways;
· map position;
· functional role;
· interactions with proteins or small
molecules; or
· other custom criteria.
Study Management. Our collaborators can
manage processes and resources over the Internet to meet their individual
research needs. Separate links on the Study Management page of our GeneScape
software platform provide direct, up-to-the-minute status reports for
projects, individual processes within projects, and resource allocation
among projects and processes. The Study Management component of the
GeneScape software platform automates the operation of every station in the
SeqCalling, GeneCalling, and PathCalling systems and monitors quality
control at each processing step.
CuraTools. GeneScape also includes
CuraTools, an easy-to-use, unified bioinformatics software package which
provides the following information:
· DNA and protein sequence analysis;
· sequence similarity to known genes,
protein drugs and protein targets;
· three-dimensional structure prediction;
· identification of proteins
participating in biological pathways; and
· custom literature searches.
CuraTools also provides users with access to
publicly available sequence, mapping and expression databases that we have
imported, assembled, and annotated for enhanced value. In addition, we have
assembled proprietary sequence and mapping databases for portions of the
corn, mouse, rat and human genomes. Collaborators can elect to have us link
their own proprietary or third party sequence databases into GeneScape and
CuraTools for their own exclusive use.
GeneScape Portal
GeneScape is also the name of our Internet
portal that makes available a subset of our bioinformatics analysis tools
(known as CuraTools) and non-proprietary gene sequence and expression data
to non-collaborators, primarily the academic research community. We believe
the GeneScape Portal enhances our standing among this influential group,
aiding our employee recruitment effort and generating referrals for future
collaborations. The GeneScape Portal also serves as a vehicle to aggregate
all the public information on the Human Genome Project with our internal
efforts. In addition, we will use the GeneScape Portal to release selected
additional information on genes, sequence variations, and biological
pathways to current and future users.
Research Collaborations
As part of our business strategy, we establish
research collaborations with pharmaceutical, biotechnology, agricultural,
animal health and other life science companies. Our collaborations generally
provide revenues in the form of fees for work performed by our employees in
the generation of gene sequences, gene expression, or biological pathway
data from samples provided by a collaborator. The collaborator has the
ability to control how resources are allocated to generate SeqCalling,
GeneCalling and PathCalling databases and to perform additional research
services through our CuraShop technologies, including the sequencing of gene
fragments and the generation of full-length clones. Collaborators typically
have the right to license, for an up-front fee, discoveries arising from a
collaboration, including rights to novel genes, novel uses of previously
identified genes, protein drugs, antibody targets, small molecule drug
targets, as well as markers for prioritizing drugs and markers for selecting
patient populations. Collaborations typically include possible milestone
payments to us based on objectives achieved and potential royalty payments
to us on sales of products developed using discoveries made through the use
of our technology.
We also seek to enter into research
collaborations that provide us access to complementary technologies to
accelerate our own internal discovery and development projects. To date, we
have entered into significant collaborations with Abgenix, Biogen, COR,
Genentech, Glaxo, Pioneer Hi-Bred, Roche Pharma and its affiliate, Roche
Vitamins.
Genentech
In June 1996, we entered into a pilot research
services and evaluation agreement with Genentech. The pilot collaboration
was superseded by the evaluation agreement, signed and effective December
1996, pursuant to which we performed additional research services during
1997. We completed the research within four months of the receipt of tissue
samples from Genentech as required by the evaluation agreement. In
connection with the execution of the evaluation agreement, Genentech made a
$1,800,000 equity investment in us.
In November 1997, we entered into a research
collaboration and database subscription arrangement with Genentech to
discover novel genes and therapeutics across a range of Genentech-specified
disease programs. Genentech has the right to terminate the research
collaboration, upon a breach by us of any material obligation under the
Genentech Agreement or on or after November 2000, on one month's prior
notice. Genentech has an option to acquire licenses to certain discoveries
arising from the collaboration. Pursuant to the agreement, Genentech also
purchased $5,000,000 of our common stock in a private placement concurrent
with our initial public offering at the initial public offering price of
$11.50 per share. Genentech also agreed to provide us with an
interest-bearing loan facility. On October 15, 1999, we made a drawdown of
$16,000,000 under this facility and simultaneously converted the loan into
977,636 shares of our non-voting common stock, par value $.01 per share. The
nonvoting common stock is convertible into common stock (a) at any time, at
Genentech's option or (b) automatically upon the sale or transfer of the
nonvoting common stock to a non-affiliated party.
Pioneer Hi-Bred
Effective in June 1997, we entered into a
collaborative research and license agreement with Pioneer Hi-Bred whereby we
agreed to perform research funded by Pioneer Hi-Bred for the selection,
identification and development of improved crops. In conjunction with the
execution of this agreement, Pioneer Hi-Bred made a $7,500,000 equity
investment in us. Under the terms of the agreement, we receive research
funding and royalty payments if any products emerge from this collaboration.
Pioneer Hi-Bred has the right to terminate the research program at any time
upon a breach by us and at any time after May 2000 on three months' written
notice.
Biogen
In June 1997, we entered into a stock purchase
agreement with Biogen, pursuant to which Biogen made a $1,000,000 equity
investment in us in anticipation of evaluating the application of our
technology to a particular program of interest to Biogen.
In October 1997, we entered into a research
collaboration and database subscription arrangement with Biogen to discover
novel genes and therapeutics across a range of Biogen-specified disease
programs. We also expect to conduct pharmacogenomic analysis of selected
products and product candidates in Biogen's portfolio. The collaboration,
which calls for payments by Biogen for up to five years, provides Biogen
with access to our proprietary genomics technologies, including the
GeneScape bioinformatics software platform in order to generate GeneCalling
and PathCalling databases from Biogen-specified disease systems. Biogen has
an option to acquire exclusive licenses to certain discoveries arising from
the collaboration. Biogen has the right to terminate the research
collaboration upon any breach by us of any material obligation under the
Biogen agreement or at any time after October 1999, on 30 days' written
notice. Work performed and work that will be performed through June 30, 2000
for Biogen under the arrangement has been and will be recognized as revenue
on a per employee basis. Beginning July 1, 2000, work performed for Biogen
by us under the arrangement will be recognized on a per project basis. In
addition, pursuant to the agreement, Biogen purchased $5,000,000 of our
common stock in a private placement concurrent with our initial public
offering at the initial public offering price of $11.50 per share, and
agreed to provide a $10,000,000 interest-bearing loan facility. On October
15, 1999, we made a draw of $10,000,000 under this facility and
simultaneously converted the loan into 611,022 shares of our common stock.
Glaxo
In November 1998, we entered into a drug
discovery collaboration with Glaxo to use our integrated genomics processes
for the study and selection of Glaxo compounds for clinical development.
This discovery and pharmacogenomics collaboration, up to five years in
duration, is intended to enable Glaxo to select drug candidates with the
highest likelihood of success in clinical trials. Specifically, we evaluate
numerous compounds across Glaxo therapeutic programs, identifying gene
responses associated with compound efficacy and toxicity. Under the terms of
the agreement, we receive research funding and may receive additional
milestone and royalty payments if any drugs emerge from this collaboration.
Either party may terminate the collaboration without cause at its sole
discretion upon three months prior written notice to the other party,
however neither party may terminate the collaboration prior to fifteen
months after the effective date of the agreement.
Roche Pharma and Roche Vitamins
In March 1999, we signed a life sciences
target discovery and pharmacogenomics collaboration retroactively effective
as of January 1, 1999 with F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Roche Pharma and Roche
Vitamins. This agreement outlines strategic partnerships with F. Hoffmann-La
Roche Ltd. and its affiliates and is designed to discover new drug targets,
evaluate existing product candidates and facilitate the development of drugs
and diagnostic tests for the purposes of improving human and animal health.
Under the terms of this agreement, we receive research funding and may
receive additional milestone and royalty payments if any products emerge
from this collaboration. The agreement is for an initial term of two years
and includes an option to extend for three additional one-year terms.
COR
In May 1999, we signed a product discovery and
pharmacogenomics agreement with COR. Under the terms of this agreement, we
apply our SeqCalling, GeneCalling, and PathCalling technologies, related
services, and pharmacogenomics expertise to identify new drug targets and
develop novel cardiovascular drugs. This collaboration is for an initial
term of eighteen months with an option to extend the collaboration for three
additional 12-month terms. We receive research funding, and may receive
milestone payments and royalty payments for products developed by COR as a
result of this collaboration.
Abgenix
In December 1999, we entered into a
collaboration agreement with Abgenix to develop and commercialize
genomics-based antibody drugs using Abgenix' XenoMouseTM
technology. This five-year alliance was
established to identify up to 120 fully human antibody drug candidates
intended for treating a broad range of complex diseases including cancer and
autoimmune disorders. Antibodies determined to have commercial product
potential will be allocated between the parties for further development.
Abgenix and we will receive reciprocating milestone
payments and royalty payments for products resulting from this drug
development alliance. In addition, under the agreement Abgenix purchased
418,995 shares of our common stock for $15,000,021.
CuraGen Internal Programs
We also use our integrated genomics
technologies on our own behalf to pursue a broad portfolio of research
programs that encompass drug discovery, pharmacogenomics and drug
development. During the next five years, our objective is to analyze
systematically the genetic basis of many common diseases as well as the
mechanisms of action and adverse side effects of many commonly prescribed
drugs. We are focusing our efforts on programs that address unmet medical
needs and programs that we believe have the potential to yield products that
can be commercialized in a relatively short time. In particular, we select
human diseases and animal models of human diseases based on their potential
to yield protein drugs and antibody drugs, to identify novel small molecule
drugs for common diseases that lack effective treatments or to aid rational
development or marketing of existing drugs.
We have also developed an innovative approach
to discover genes associated with inherited diseases we call positional
expression cloning. We combine our proprietary analyses concerning gene
expression with existing gene mapping techniques to identify candidate genes
that both show altered expression and can be ''mapped'' to the chromosomal
locations known to contain underlying disease genes. Our positional
expression cloning approach is particularly effective in identifying and
characterizing genes indicating susceptibility to and genes providing
protection against many common complex diseases. In addition, we use
systematic studies of existing drugs and our large-scale databases of
sequences, sequence variation, gene expression profiles, and pathways to
identify disease-related targets.
We use our technologies to pursue research
programs for many disease systems in parallel. Each of these programs has
the potential to rapidly identify a large number of commercially valuable
disease-related genes and potential drug targets. As part of our internal
programs, we also seek patent protection for newly discovered
disease-related genes and proteins, as well as for novel uses of known genes
and the proteins they encode.
Drug Discovery Programs
Our internal programs apply our integrated
genomics technology platform to drug discovery and drug development. The
discovery programs focus on human diseases that have the potential to yield
protein therapeutics, monoclonal antibodies and small molecule targets and
seek to uncover variations of genes that may predispose or protect
individuals from susceptibility, onset or progression of disease.
Pharmacogenomics studies are also used to find additional drug targets, to
understand how current drugs work, and to prioritize the development of our
own drugs.
Metabolic Diseases. Within the field of
metabolic diseases, we are analyzing a variety of primary human disease
tissues and genetic and cell-based models relating to specific metabolic
diseases, including obesity, adult onset diabetes, and hypertension. We
believe that our technology platform is well suited to identifying the genes
and pathways involved in these diseases, which are known to involve errors
in signal transduction and the regulation of metabolic pathways. To date, we
have used SeqCalling and GeneCalling to discover genes associated with these
diseases and have used PathCalling to identify disease-related pathways and
additional targets for drug discovery.
Cancer. Cancer encompasses disease
processes of almost every organ system and involves the loss of control of
multiple, diverse mechanisms of signal transduction and pathway regulation.
We are applying SeqCalling, GeneCalling and PathCalling to identify the
genes and pathways involved in the early development of cancer and its
step-wise progression to metastatic disease. We have analyzed a number of
models of cancer and have identified pathways incorporating proteins common
to many of the models. Genes specifically upregulated in cancerous tissue
may be excellent targets for the development of monoclonal antibody drugs.
Auto-Immune and Inflammatory Diseases.
Although diseases of the immune system, such as systemic lupus
erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, are among the most common and
chronic, existing drugs for autoimmune diseases have exhibited limited
efficacy and debilitating side effects. We have filed for patent protection
related to potential drug targets in this area.
Disorders of the Central Nervous System.
We are currently examining both psychiatric and neurological disorders
in order to identify potential targets in these areas. Our efforts combine
the understanding of currently marketed drugs with the best human and animal
models of the disease. To date we have studied over 40 drugs with
specific action in the central nervous system and uncovered a number of novel
genes, pathways and potential targets.
Pharmacogenomics
Using our GeneCalling technologies, the
tissues targeted by a drug, as well as the organs that might exhibit side
effects, including heart, liver and kidney, can be studied in animal models
thought to be indicative of human response. We believe that this information
may help pharmaceutical companies select and optimize drug candidates based
on improved efficacy and reduced side effects. We further believe that this
information will help the pharmaceutical industry to significantly reduce
the time and cost of drug development.
In addition to reducing the time and cost of
developing drugs, we believe that the understanding generated by our
technologies may strengthen FDA applications. For drugs already on the
market, an understanding of the mechanism of action through pharmacogenomics
can help identify appropriate patient populations and lead to an improved
second generation of drugs.
We have analyzed drugs whose commercial
viability or clinical indications are threatened either by a lack of
understanding of mechanism of action or by severe side effects. Our goal is
to continue to generate databases (CuraTox and CuraMode) to provide
pharmacology and toxicology information, to understand the mechanism of drug
action, to identify patient populations that are likely to respond favorably
to a particular medication and, potentially, to identify new indications or
more optimal targets.
Using this approach, we have identified
candidate genes predictive of drug efficacy and toxicity in model systems.
Currently, we are studying over 140 marketed drugs, preclinical candidates
and non-pharmaceutical toxins to identify putative predictive markers of
drug efficacy and toxicity that can be prospectively used by us and our
pharmaceutical collaborators to effectively and efficiently triage novel
drugs.
In addition to understanding the genes that
respond to drug treatment we are linking these genes to our database of over
120,000 SNPs. The discovery of SNPs predicting efficacy or toxicity may be
of tremendous value in personalizing medicine at the genetic level:
expediting compounds through clinical trials, reducing toxicity by
segmenting patient populations, and giving the right drug to the right
patient. To date we have identified over 5,000 SNPs in potential drug
targets, and drug response genes.
Drug Development Programs
The goal of our drug development programs is
to advance promising therapeutic candidates into the clinic. We are focusing
on two broad classes of therapeutics, secreted proteins and fully human
monoclonal antibodies raised against membrane-bound or secreted proteins.
The therapeutic candidates that show superior efficacy will be further
evaluated with our pharmacogenomics technology.
Therapeutic Proteins. In order to
determine the therapeutic potential of genes encoding secreted proteins, we
have implemented high-throughput protocols for the production, purification
and testing of these proteins. We have established high-throughput
cell-based assays for characterizing the therapeutic potential of secreted
proteins. We are currently evaluating the efficacy of a number of secreted
proteins as potential human therapeutics using animal models. Protein
candidates that have excellent efficacy and favorable toxicity profiles will
be selected as clinical candidates.
Therapeutic Antibodies. We are also
employing a genomics based approach for the development of monoclonal
antibody therapeutics. We have identified genes that make suitable targets
for monoclonal antibody therapy, may be associated with disease, and on
which we potentially have a good intellectual property position. These
proteins will be used to make fully human monoclonal antibodies. Antibodies
are naturally occurring proteins used by the body's immune system to combat
many diseases. As therapeutic products, antibodies have several potential
advantages over other therapies. The highly specific interaction between an
antibody and its target may, for example, reduce unwanted side effects that
may occur with other therapies. Fully human antibodies are desirable because
they avoid the risk of rejection present with mouse or partial mouse
antibodies. The scale of our efforts in human monoclonal antibodies is
unprecedented. We will be systematically testing human monoclonal antibodies
for efficacy in human cell and animal models of disease. Monoclonal
antibodies that demonstrate excellent efficacy combined with a favorable
toxicity profile will be selected as clinical candidates for the treatment
of disorders.
Competition
We face, and will continue to face, intense competition from one or more of
the following entities:
. pharmaceutical companies;
. biotechnology companies;
. diagnostic companies;
. academic and research instructions; and
. government agencies.
We are also subject to significant competition from organizations that are
pursuing technologies and products that are the same as or similar to our
technology and products. Many of the organizations competing with us have
greater capital resources, research and development staffs and facilities
and marketing capabilities. In addition, research in the field of genomics
generally is highly competitve. Our competitors in the genomics area
include:
. Affymetrix, Inc.;
. Celera Genomics Group;
. Human Genome Sciences, Inc.;
. Incyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc.;
. Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.;
. major pharmaceutical companies; and
. universities and other research institutions (including those receiving
funding from the federally funded Human Genome Project).
A number of our competitors are attempting to rapidly identify and patent
genes and gene fragments sequenced at random, typically without specific
knowledge of the function of such genes or gene fragments. If our
competitors discover or characterize important genes or gene fragments
before we do, it could adversely affect any of our related disease research
programs. We expect that competition in genomics research will intensify as
technical advances are made and become more widely known.
Intellectual Property
Our business and competitive position are
dependent upon our ability to protect our SeqCalling, GeneCalling and
PathCalling proprietary databases, proprietary software and other
proprietary methods and technology. We have filed patent applications for
our proprietary methods and devices for gene expression analysis,
sequencing, discovery of biological pathways and drug development. As of the
date of this report, we had approximately 190 patent applications pending
covering our technology with the PTO, and had filed numerous corresponding
international and foreign patent applications. As of the date of this
report, we have been issued nine patents with respect to our technologies,
discoveries and products.
On December 27, 1999, the PTO issued Revised Interim Utility Guidelines and
Revised Interim Written Description Guidelines reflecting the Office's
current understanding regarding statutory written description and utility
requirements for patentability. Should the PTO finalize these guidelines and
make them effective, the implementation of these guidelines may impact the
issuance of our pending U.S. patent applications.
Government Regulation
Prior to the marketing of any new drug
developed by us or our collaborative customers, that new drug must undergo
an extensive regulatory approval process in the United States and other
countries. This regulatory process, which includes preclinical and clinical
studies, as well as post-marketing surveillance to establish a compound's
safety and efficacy, can take many years and require the expenditure of
substantial resources. Data obtained from such studies are susceptible to
varying interpretations that could delay, limit or prevent regulatory
approval. The rate of completion of clinical trials is dependent upon, among
other factors, the enrollment of patients. Patient accrual is a function of
many factors, including:
· the size of the patient
population;
· the proximity of patients to clinical
sites;
· the eligibility criteria for the study;
and
· the existence of competitive clinical
trials.
We have not submitted an investigational new
drug application for any product candidate, and no product candidate has
been approved for commercialization in the United States or elsewhere. We or
any of our collaborators may not be able to conduct clinical testing or
obtain the necessary approvals from the FDA or other regulatory authorities
for any products. Failure by us or our collaborators to obtain required
governmental approvals will delay or preclude our collaborators from
marketing drugs or diagnostic products developed with us or limit the
commercial use of such products and could have a material adverse effect on
our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our research and development activities
involve the controlled use of hazardous materials and chemicals. We are
subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations governing the use,
storage, handling and disposal of such materials and certain waste products.
Employees
As of December 31, 1999, we had 288 full and
part-time employees, 81 of whom hold Ph.D., M.D. or J.D. degrees. The
employee group includes engineers, physicians, molecular biologists,
chemists and computer scientists. We believe that we maintain good
relationships with our employees. We believe that our future success will
depend in large part on our ability to attract and retain experienced and
skilled employees.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
We maintain our principal administrative offices along
with research facilities in New Haven, Connecticut and additional research
facilities in Branford, Connecticut. We lease a total of 82,000 square feet
at both locations. The leases are generally for terms of two to five years,
and usually provide renewal options for terms of up to one year. We believe
that our facilities are adequate for our operations and that suitable
additional space will be available as needed.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are not a party to any legal proceedings
which would materially adversely affect our business, results of operations
or financial condition.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY
HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of our
security holders during the quarter ended December 31, 1999.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON
EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Market Information
Our voting common stock is traded on the
Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "CRGN". There is no
established public trading market for our non-voting common stock. The
following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the low and high
closing prices per share for our voting common stock, as reported by the
Nasdaq National Market since the voting common stock commenced public
trading on March 18, 1998:
|
1998
|
|
|
|
Low
|
|
High
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended March 31, 1998 (from March 18, 1998)
|
$ 11 ½
|
|
$ 12 15/16
|
Quarter Ended June 30, 1998
|
6 ¼
|
|
12 ½
|
Quarter Ended
September 30, 1998
|
5
|
|
8 1/8
|
Quarter Ended
December 31, 1998
|
5 3/8
|
|
8 ½
|
|
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
|
|
Low
|
|
High
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended March 31,
1999
|
$
6
|
|
$ 7 ¼
|
Quarter Ended June 30,
1999
|
5
1/16
|
|
8
|
Quarter Ended September
30, 1999
|
6
¾
|
|
18
½
|
Quarter Ended December 31,
1999
|
13
7/8
|
|
69
¾
|
|
|
|
|
Stockholders
As of February 29, 2000, there were
approximately 113 shareholders of record of our voting common stock and,
according to our estimates, 1,976 beneficial owners of common stock. All of
our non-voting common stock is held by Genentech.
Dividends
We have never paid cash dividends on our
common stock and do not anticipate declaring any cash dividends in the
foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain earnings, if any, to
finance the development of our business.
Stock Split
On March 2, 2000, we announced a two-for-one
split on both our voting common stock and our non-voting common stock, each
payable to our stockholders in the form of a stock dividend. On March 30,
2000, our stockholders of record will receive one additional share of our
voting common stock for every share of common stock and one additional share
of non-voting common stock for every share of non-voting common stock each
stockholder owns at the close of business on March 15, 2000.
Use of IPO Proceeds
In connection with our initial public
offering, we sold 3,275,000 shares of our common stock and received net
offering proceeds of $33,160,350. On March 17, 1998, the Securities and
Exchange Commission declared our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File
No. 333-38051) effective.
The following table sets forth our cumulative
use of net offering proceeds as of December 31, 1999:
Construction
of plant, building and facilities
|
$ 602,200
|
Purchase and
installation of machinery and equipment
|
7,182,374
|
Purchase of
Real Estate
|
0
|
Acquisition of
other businesses
|
0
|
Repayment of
indebtedness
|
1,967,631
|
Working
Capital
|
23,408,145
|
Temporary
Investments:
|
|
Cash and cash
equivalents
|
0
|
All other
purposes
|
0
|
The foregoing use of net offering proceeds
does not represent a material change in the use of proceeds described in the
Registration Statement.
Private Placement
On December 8, 1999, we sold an aggregate of
418,995 shares of our common stock, in a private placement, to Abgenix for
an aggregate purchase price of $15,000,021. We sold these shares at the same
time we entered into a collaboration agreement with Abgenix. No underwriters
were involved in this offering and sale of these shares. We offered and sold
these shares in reliance on an exemption from the registration provisions of
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, set forth in Section 4(2) of the
Securities Act. The offer and sale was made only to "accredited
investors" as that term is defined in Regulation D under the Securities
Act and we did not engage in a general solicitation or advertisement of the
offer and sale of the shares. The shares issued to Abgenix are restricted
securities under the Securities Act. Abgenix has agreed not to dispose of
its shares prior to December 8, 2000. After December 8, 2000, Abgenix has
demand and piggyback registration rights.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL
DATA
The selected financial data set forth below
for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1999 are
derived from our balance sheets as of December 31, 1998 and 1999 and the
related statements of operations, of stockholders' equity (deficiency) and
of cash flows for the three years ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999 and
notes thereto as audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors,
which are included elsewhere in this report. The selected financial data as
of December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997 and for the three years in the period
ended December 31, 1997 have been derived from our related financial
statements, and are not included in this report. The selected financial data
set forth below should be read in conjunction with, and are qualified by
reference to, ''Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations'' and our audited financial statements.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
1998
|
|
1997
|
|
1996(1)
|
|
1995
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Statement of
Operations Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
revenue
|
$15,103,517
|
|
$9,257,025
|
|
$5,896,543
|
|
$4,422,947
|
|
$1,581,175
|
Net loss
attributable to common stockholders
|
$(25,762,760)
|
|
$(18,936,920)
|
|
$(7,290,434)
|
|
$(606,241)
|
|
$(1,088,605)
|
Net loss per
share attributable to common stockholders
|
$(1.79)
|
|
$(1.55)
|
|
$(0.92)
|
|
$(0.12)
|
|
$(0.22)
|
Weighted average
number of common shares outstanding
|
14,400,992
|
|
12,201,006
|
|
7,888,383
|
|
5,097,073
|
|
4,915,087
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
1999
|
|
1998
|
|
1997
|
|
1996
|
|
1995
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance Sheet
Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
assets
|
$93,894,276
|
|
$60,804,501
|
|
$26,519,029
|
|
$5,653,391
|
|
$1,006,816
|
Total long-term
liabilities
|
$8,409,994
|
|
$6,983,927
|
|
$4,375,125
|
|
$1,908,915
|
|
$897,691
|
Cash and cash
equivalents
|
$76,374,571
|
|
$43,293,995
|
|
$17,417,161
|
|
$3,298,642
|
|
$9,129
|
Cash dividends
declared per common share
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
|
None
|
(1) |
During the year ended December
31, 1996, we completed our development stage activities with the signing
of our first collaborative research agreement and commenced our planned
principal operations. |
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND
ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
We are a biotechnology company focusing on the
application of genomics to the systematic discovery of genes, gene
sequences, variations in gene sequences, biological pathways and drug
candidates in order to accelerate the discovery and development of the
therapeutic, agricultural and diagnostic products to improve human and
animal health and the vitality of agriculture. We were incorporated in
November 1991 and, until March 1993, were engaged primarily in
organizational activities, research and development of our technology, grant
preparation and obtaining financing. We have incurred losses since
inception, principally as a result of research and development and general
and administrative expenses in support of our operations. We anticipate
incurring additional losses over at least the next several years as we
expand our collaborative gene discovery efforts and internal discovery and
development to discover genes, biological pathways and drug candidates,
continue development of our technology and expand our operations. We expect
that losses will fluctuate from quarter to quarter and that such
fluctuations may be substantial.
On February 2, 2000, we completed an offering
for $125,000,000 of 6% convertible subordinated debentures due 2007 and
received net proceeds of approximately $121,250,000. In addition, on
February 16, 2000, the initial purchasers exercised their option to purchase
an additional $25,000,000 of 6% convertible subordinated debentures due
2007, providing us with additional net proceeds of approximately
$24,308,000. The debentures may be resold by the initial purchasers to
qualified institutional buyers under Rule 144A of the Securities Act and to
non-U.S. persons outside the United States under Regulation S under the
Securities Act. The debentures are convertible into our common stock. In
addition, prior to February 2, 2003, if our common stock price reaches
specified levels, we have the right to redeem the debentures at a premium by
converting the debentures into common stock. If the price of our common
stock reaches $217.01 for 20 of 30 consecutive trading days prior to
February 2, 2003, we may redeem all of the debentures by converting them
into common stock. If we were to convert the debentures prior to February 2,
2003, in addition to the interest accrued and unpaid, we would make an
interest make-whole payment equal to the present value of the aggregate
amount of the interest that would otherwise have accrued from the
provisional redemption date through February 2, 2003. We have agreed to file
a registration statement with the SEC for the resale of any shares issued as
a result of the conversion of the debentures. We are required to file the
registration statement by May 2000.
We anticipate that collaborations will
continue to be an important element of our future revenues. We do not expect
that government grant revenues, which were a significant source of our
revenues through 1998, will in future years be significant, either in actual
dollar amounts or as a percentage of revenues. Therefore, the loss of
revenues from existing collaborations would materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of operations. Our ability to
generate revenue growth and become profitable is dependent, in part, on our
ability to enter into additional collaborative arrangements, and on our
ability and the ability of our collaborative partners to successfully
commercialize products incorporating, or based on, our technologies (which
are our solutions to enable discovery of drug products) and to predict the
efficacy and safety of drug products. We cannot guarantee that we will be
able to maintain or expand existing collaborations, or enter into future
collaborations to develop applications of our SeqCalling, GeneCalling or
PathCalling technologies on terms satisfactory to us, if at all, and, if
entered into, we cannot guarantee that any such collaborative arrangements
will be successful.
Our failure to successfully develop and market
additional products over the next several years, or to realize existing
product revenues, would materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition and results of operations. Royalties or other revenue generated
for us from commercial sales of products developed by using our technologies
are not expected for at least several years, if at all.
Results of Operations
Years Ended December 31, 1999 and
1998
Revenue. Our revenue for the year ended
December 31, 1999 was $15,103,517, representing an increase of $5,846,492,
or 63%, compared to our revenue of $9,257,025 in 1998. This increase was
largely due to an increase in collaboration revenue recorded under our
arrangements with Glaxo, Roche Pharma, Roche Vitamins, and
COR. The increase was offset by a decrease in grant revenue due to the completion of
all of our federal grants during the 1999 calendar year. As a result of the
completion of such federal grants, we foresee no additional grant revenue in
future periods, unless additional grant awards are received. The revenue we
recognized under our collaborative arrangements is generally based upon work
performed on behalf of collaborators by our employees, or based upon our
attainment of certain benchmarks specified in the related agreements. We
expect that collaboration revenues will continue to increase as we add
additional collaborations.
Operating Expenses. Grant research
expenses for the year ended December 31, 1999 were $417,386, representing a
decrease of $1,441,116, or 78%, compared to $1,858,502 in 1998. The decrease in grant research expenses was attributable to the
completion of our federal grants during the first and second quarters of
1999. As a result of the completion of
such federal grants, we foresee no additional grant research expenses in
future periods, unless additional grant awards are received.
Collaborative research and development
expenses for the year ended December 31, 1999 were $25,794,421, representing
an increase of $7,663,528, or 42%, compared to $18,130,893 for the year
ended December 31, 1998. The increase in such expenses was primarily
attributable to our obligations to fulfill research requirements under new
and existing collaborations, in addition to internal research efforts, which
resulted in increased purchases of laboratory supplies, increased equipment
depreciation and facilities expenses, and additional personnel costs. We
expect our future collaborative research and development expenses to
increase as we hire additional personnel and expand our research and
development facilities in support of our collaborations and internal
research.
During the fourth quarter of 1999, we
undertook an upgrade of scientific technologies and related lab equipment
and signed an agreement with Comdisco, Inc. ("Comdisco") for the
acquisition of certain lab equipment with a fair market value of
approximately $2,400,000. As a part of this transaction, we also purchased
other lab equipment recorded as a capital lease for approximately $3,600,000
from Transamerica Business Credit Corporation ("TBCC"). The
Comdisco agreement calls for the exchange of the TBCC equipment for the
Comdisco equipment. As a result of the exchange of the TBCC equipment for
the Comdisco equipment, we recognized an asset impairment expense of
approximately $2,700,000 in the fourth quarter of 1999 (see further
discussion in "Liquidity and Capital Resources"
section).
General and administrative expenses for the
year ended December 31, 1999 increased $3,956,147, or 43%, to $13,084,852 as
compared to $9,128,705 for the year ended December 31, 1998. The increase
was primarily attributable to the expansion of administration facilities,
increasing payroll costs and the incurrence of related depreciation expense
and legal expenses in support of developing our intellectual property
portfolios. Over the next several years, we anticipate that the percentage
increases in general and administrative expenses will be proportionate to
percentage increases in collaborative research and development expenses.
Interest Income, Net. Net interest
income for the year ended December 31, 1999 of $1,087,400 decreased
$345,190, or 24%, compared to $1,432,590 for 1998. The decrease was
primarily due to the lower balances held in our cash and cash equivalent
accounts, and the additional interest expense we paid on capital lease
obligations. We anticipate that net interest income will increase in the
future, due to higher cash and cash equivalent balances as a result of funds
received from the completion of our convertible debt offering, our recent
private placements with Pequot Partners Fund, L.P. and Pequot International
Fund, Inc. (collectively ''Pequot'') and Abgenix, and from the drawdown and
simultaneous conversion of loans from Biogen and Genentech, offset by the
interest expense associated with the completion of our convertible debt
offering and the expected increase in capital lease obligations. Gross
interest expense for the year ended December 31, 1999 of $1,191,891
represented an increase of $197,087, or 20%, compared to $994,804 for 1998.
This increase in gross interest expense was primarily attributable to
additional capital lease obligations for equipment entered into during the
last twelve months, which enabled us to support our research and development
activities.
Net Loss Attributable to Common
Stockholders. For the year ended December 31, 1999, we reported a net
loss attributable to common stockholders of $25,762,760, or ($1.79) per
share as compared to $18,936,920, or ($1.55) per share in 1998. Since
inception, we have incurred operating losses, and as of December 31, 1999
had an accumulated deficit of $54,702,268 and therefore, have not paid any
federal income taxes. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on
future earnings, if any, the timing and amount of which are uncertain.
Accordingly, valuation allowances in amounts equal to the deferred income
tax assets have been established to reflect these uncertainties in all
periods presented.
Years Ended December 31, 1998 and
1997
Revenue. Revenue for the year ended
December 31, 1998 was $9,257,025, representing an increase of $3,360,482, or
57%, compared to $5,896,543 in 1997. This increase was largely due to an
increase in collaboration revenue due to additional revenue recorded under
our arrangements with Pioneer Hi-Bred and Biogen, offset by a decrease in
revenue received from Genentech under the Evaluation Agreement. See Note 4
of Notes to Financial Statements. In April 1998, Pioneer Hi-Bred doubled its
annual collaboration funding to us to a minimum of $5,000,000. The increase
in total revenue was also due to additional grant revenue recorded as a
result of timing issues in connection with grant expenses
incurred.
Operating Expenses. Grant research
expenses for the year ended December 31, 1998 were $1,858,502, representing
a decrease of $2,757,384, or 60%, compared to $4,615,886 in 1997. The
decrease in grant research expenses was primarily attributable to the
completion of two federal grants during the first quarter of 1998, thereby
decreasing the costs incurred by us in support of these grants.
Collaborative research and development
expenses for the year ended December 31, 1998 were $18,130,893, representing
an increase of $13,004,233, or 254%, compared to $5,126,660 for the year
ended December 31, 1997. The increase in collaborative research and
development expenses was primarily attributable to increased expenses as we
hired additional research and development personnel, increased purchases of
laboratory supplies, increased
equipment depreciation and increased
facilities expenses in connection with the expansion of our collaborative
research efforts and our internal discovery and development programs.
General and administrative expenses for the
year ended December 31, 1998 increased $5,647,454, or 162%, to $9,128,705 as
compared to $3,481,251 for the year ended December 31, 1997. This increase
was primarily attributable to the expansion of administration facilities,
the incurrence of related depreciation expense, payment of legal fees,
compensation related expenses in connection with a separation agreement,
amortization of stock-based compensation and hiring of additional personnel
to support our future growth.
Interest Income, Net. Net interest
income for the year ended December 31, 1998 of $1,432,590 increased
$1,327,346 compared to $105,244 for 1997. This increase was primarily gross
interest received on larger cash and cash equivalent balances we held as a
result of our receipt of proceeds from our initial public offering and
concurrent private placements of securities. Gross interest expense for the
year ended December 31, 1998 of $994,804 represented an increase of
$310,267, or 45%, compared to $684,537 for 1997. This increase in gross
interest expense was primarily attributable to additional capital lease
obligations for equipment entered into in 1998 in support of our research
and development activities.
Net Loss Attributable to Common
Stockholders. For the year ended December 31, 1998, we reported a net
loss attributable to common stockholders of $18,936,920, or ($1.55) per
share as compared to $7,290,434, or ($0.92) per share in 1997. Since
inception, we have incurred operating losses, and as of December 31, 1998
had an accumulated deficit of $28,939,508 and therefore, we have not paid
any federal income taxes.
Liquidity and Capital
Resources
As of December 31, 1999, we had $76,374,571 in
cash and cash equivalents, compared to $43,293,995 as of December 31, 1998.
This increase was primarily a result of our receipt of combined net proceeds
of approximately $56,000,000 from our private placements with Pequot and
Abgenix, and from the drawdown and simultaneous conversion of loans from
Biogen and Genentech, offset by operating losses in support of our research
and development activities. We have financed our operations since inception
primarily through our initial public offering, revenues received under our
collaborative research and development arrangements, private placements of
equity securities, government grants, and capital leases. As of December 31,
1999, we had recognized $36,540,646 of cumulative sponsored research
revenues from collaborative research agreements and government grants. To
date, inflation has not had a material effect on our business.
In September 1999, we completed a private
placement of 1,500,000 shares of unregistered common stock for an aggregate
purchase price of $15,000,000 to Pequot.
In October 1999, we exercised our right under
existing collaborative agreements with Biogen and Genentech to borrow an
aggregate of $26,000,000 to support on-going operating activities.
Simultaneously with these drawdowns, we converted the loan from Biogen into
611,022 shares of our common stock, and converted the loan from Genentech
into 977,636 shares of our non-voting common stock. On November 4, 1999, we
filed a registration statement registering the resale of the 611,022 shares
of common stock issued to Biogen and the 977,636 shares of common stock that
are issuable upon the conversion of the 977,636 shares of non-voting common
stock issued to Genentech. The registration of such shares is required under
the collaborative agreements with Biogen and Genentech. In addition, we
included in such registration statement 21,111 shares of our common stock
issuable to Transamerica Business Credit Corporation and 25,597 shares of
our common stock issuable to Casdin Life Services Partners LP upon exercise
of warrants purchased from us in a private placement. Pursuant to the terms
of such private placement, each party had the right to participate in such
registration. On February 23, 2000, we filed an amendment to the
registration statement for the above shares to, in part, include in such
registration statement 341,297 shares of our common stock issuable to
Quantum Industrial Partners LDC ("Quantum") upon exercise of
warrants purchased by Quantum from us in a private placement. We expect the
SEC to declare the registration statement effective shortly.
In December 1999, we completed a private placement of
418,995 shares of unregistered common stock for an aggregate purchase price
of $15,000,000 to Abgenix.
During the fourth quarter of 1999, we undertook an
upgrade of scientific technologies and related lab equipment. Accordingly,
on November 7, 1999, we signed an agreement with Comdisco, for the
acquisition of certain lab equipment with a fair market value of
approximately $2,400,000. As a part of this transaction, we also purchased
other lab equipment recorded as a capital lease for approximately $3,600,000
from TBCC. The Comdisco agreement calls for the exchange of the TBCC
equipment for the Comdisco Equipment. As a result of the exchange of the
TBCC equipment for the Comdisco equipment, we recognized an asset impairment
expense of approximately $2,700,000
in the fourth quarter of 1999 in order to properly
reflect our estimate of the fair market value of the retired lab equipment
in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 121
(Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-lived
Assets to Be Disposed Of). The newly-acquired Comdisco equipment will be
treated as a capital lease in the amount of $4,128,243.
On February 2, 2000, we completed an offering
for $125,000,000 of 6% convertible subordinated debentures due 2007 and
received net proceeds of approximately $121,250,000. In addition, on
February 16, 2000, the initial purchasers exercised their option to purchase
an additional $25,000,000 of 6% convertible subordinated debentures due
2007, providing us with additional net proceeds of approximately
$24,308,000. The debentures may be resold by the initial purchasers to
qualified institutional buyers under Rule 144A of the Securities Act and to
non-U.S. Persons outside the United States under Regulation S under the
Securities Act. The debentures are convertible into our common stock. In
addition, prior to February 2, 2003, if our common stock price reaches
specified levels, we have the right to redeem the debentures at a premium by
converting the debentures into common stock. If the price of our common
stock reaches $217.01 for 20 of 30 consecutive trading days at any time
prior to February 2, 2003, we may redeem all of the debentures by converting
them into common stock. If we were to convert the debentures prior to
February 2, 2003, in addition to the interest accrued and unpaid, we would
make an interest make-whole payment equal to the present value of the
aggregate amount of the interest that would otherwise have accrued from the
provisional redemption date through February 2, 2003. We have agreed to file
a registration statement with the SEC for the resale of any shares issued as
a result of the conversion of the debentures. We are required to file the
registration statement by May 2000.
On March 2, 2000, we announced a two-for-one split on both our voting
common stock and our non-voting common stock, each payable to our
stockholders in the form of a stock dividend. On March 30, 2000, our
stockholders of record will receive one additional share of our voting
common stock for every share of voting common stock and one additional share
of non-voting common stock for every share of non-voting common stock each
stockholder owns at the close of business on March 15, 2000.
Our investing activities have consisted
primarily of acquisitions of equipment and expenditures for leasehold
improvements. At December 31, 1999, our gross investment in equipment,
computers and leasehold improvements since inception was $22,415,972. At
December 31, 1999, equipment with a gross book value of $12,609,660 secures
our equipment financing facility. We anticipate that net proceeds of
approximately $6,000,000 from our available lease line will be utilized for
capital expenditures over the next several years, primarily for the purchase
of additional equipment and improvements at our laboratories. We had
approximately $365,000 in material commitments for capital expenditures at
December 31, 1999.
In accordance with our investment policy, we
are utilizing the following investment objectives for cash and cash
equivalents: (1) investment decisions are made with the expectation of
minimum risk of principal loss, even with a modest penalty in yield; (2)
appropriate cash balances and related short-term funds are maintained for
immediate liquidity needs, and appropriate liquidity is available for
medium-term cash needs; and (3) maximum after-tax yield is
achieved.
Net cash used in operating activities was
$19,470,656 for the year ended December 31, 1999, compared to $9,184,466 for
the year ended December 31, 1998. The increase of $10,286,190 can be
attributed to an increase in our net loss and accrued expenses, primarily
offset by decreases in accounts payable, accrued bonuses, deferred revenue,
and the asset impairment charge as well as depreciation and amortization
costs.
As of December 31, 1999, we had federal and
Connecticut net operating loss carryforwards for income tax purposes of
approximately $56,000,000 and $51,000,000, respectively. Federal net
operating loss carryforwards expire beginning in 2008, and Connecticut net
operating loss carryforwards began expiring in 1998. We also had federal and
Connecticut research and development tax credit carryforwards for income tax
purposes of approximately $3,000,000 and $3,200,000, respectively at
December 31, 1999.
Year 2000 Compliance
The ''Year 2000 Problem'' arose because many
existing computer programs use only the last two digits to refer to a year.
Therefore, these computer programs may recognize a year ending in ''00'' as
the Year 1900 rather than the Year 2000, which could result in a significant
disruption of operations and an inability to process certain transactions.
Early in 1998, we assessed our internal computer systems and our
non-information technology systems and determined that, because our computer
applications use four digits to identify a year in the field date, we were
internally compliant with Year 2000 requirements. With respect to material
non-information technology systems, we determined that substantially all of
these systems were provided by third parties. We developed a strategic plan
to estimate the potential risks related to third parties with which we have
significant relationships and concluded that Year 2000 issues would not
materially affect the continuation of our normal daily operations. To date,
our operations have suffered no significant disruption from Year 2000
problems. We incurred no material historical costs relating to Year 2000
compliance, and we have not incurred any material costs in resolving the
Year 2000 problems of third parties with whom we interact. We intend,
however, to continue monitoring our internal computer systems and those of
third parties for Year 2000 problems. Year 2000 problems that are as yet
undiscovered may arise in the future and could have a significant impact on
our operations.
Recently Enacted
Pronouncements
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (
"FASB") issued SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures About Segments of
an Enterprise and Related Information" effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 1997. At December 31, 1999 we had one
reportable segment.
In June 1998, the FASB issued SFAS No. 133,
"Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities."
SFAS No. 133 modifies the accounting for derivatives and hedging activities
and is effective for the quarterly periods beginning after June 15, 2000. We
have not determined the effects, if any, that SFAS No. 133 will have on our
financial statements.
The AICPA has issued Statement of Position (
"SOP") 98-1, "Accounting for Costs of Computer
Software
Developed or Planned for Internal Use."
This SOP provides guidance on accounting for the costs of computer software
developed or obtained for internal use. This SOP requires that the following
costs be capitalized: (1) external direct costs of materials and services
incurred in developing or obtaining internal-use computer software; (2)
payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated
with and devote time to the internal-use software project (to the extent of
time spent directly on the project); and (3) interest costs. Computer
software costs that are research and development should be expensed as
incurred. In addition, training costs should be expensed as incurred. This
statement is effective for financial statements for fiscal years beginning
after December 15, 1998, however, earlier application is encouraged. We
adopted SOP 98-1 in 1999.
Certain Factors That May Affect Results of
Operations
This report may contain forward-looking statements that are subject to
certain risks and uncertainties. These statements include statements
regarding (i) our plan to build additional technologies and to enhance our
GeneScape platform and to systematically analyze the genetic basis of many
common diseases, (ii) the expected transformation of the pharmaceutical
industry and our opportunity with respect thereto, (iii) the likely success
of our technologies, (iv) the expected benefits of the linkage to be
provided by our PathCalling systems, (v) the expected benefits, effects,
efficiency and performance of our services and products, (vi) our ability
(a) to overcome the limitations of competing technologies, processes and
databases by condensing key steps in gene-based discovery and development,
(b) to develop, through our products and services, the next generation of
therapeutic products for important complex diseases, (c) to populate our
databases, and (d) to develop, in a timely fashion, a broad portfolio of
research programs that encompass drug discovery, drug development and
pharmacogenomics, (vii) the capacity of our products to predict the
efficiency and safety of drugs already on the market, (viii) the suitability
of Company discovered genes and proteins involved in diabetes, hypertension
and ischemic stroke as targets for small molecule drug development and (ix)
the expected future levels of losses, operating expenses and material
commitments. Such statements are based on our management's current
expectations and are subject to a number of factors and uncertainties that
could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the
forward-looking statements. We caution investors that there can be no
assurance that actual results or business conditions will not differ
materially from those projected or suggested in such forward-looking
statements as a result of various factors, including, but not limited to,
the following: our early stage of development, technological uncertainty and
product development risks, uncertainty of additional funding, reliance on
research collaborations, competition, our ability to protect our patents and
proprietary rights and uncertainties relating to commercialization rights.
For further information, refer to the more specific risk and uncertainties
discussed throughout this discussion and analysis.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE
DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We have reviewed the provisions of Regulation
S-X Item 305. At December 31, 1999, we did not hold any derivative financial
instruments, commodity-based instruments or other long-term debt
obligations.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
CURAGEN CORPORATION
BALANCE SHEETS
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
1998 |
|
1999 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
Current assets: |
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ 43,293,995 |
|
$ 76,374,571 |
|
Grants receivable |
|
600,241 |
|
25,019 |
|
Accounts receivable |
|
10,400 |
|
767,606 |
|
Other current assets |
|
1,150 |
|
73,752 |
|
Prepaid expenses |
|
505,203 |
|
1,135,248 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
current assets |
|
44,410,989 |
|
78,376,196 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net |
|
15,900,281 |
|
15,077,370 |
|
Notes receivable - related parties |
|
93,500 |
|
96,500 |
|
Other assets |
|
399,731 |
|
344,210 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
assets |
|
$ 60,804,501 |
|
$ 93,894,276 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |
|
Current liabilities: |
|
Accounts payable |
|
$ 2,778,000 |
|
$ 1,843,675 |
|
Accrued bonuses |
|
841,386 |
|
335,000 |
|
Accrued expenses |
|
480,450 |
|
1,014,198 |
|
Accrued payroll |
|
324,924 |
|
500,029 |
|
Deferred revenue |
|
4,875,000 |
|
3,982,632 |
|
Deferred rent |
|
103,406 |
|
77,726 |
|
Current portion of obligations
under capital leases |
|
1,942,215 |
|
2,732,393 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
current liabilities |
|
11,345,381 |
|
10,485,653 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term liabilities: |
|
Deferred rent, net of current
portion |
|
196,494 |
|
110,152 |
|
Interest payable |
|
21,000 |
|
21,000 |
|
Obligations under capital leases,
net of current portion |
|
6,766,433 |
|
8,278,842 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
long-term liabilities |
|
6,983,927 |
|
8,409,994 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments and contingencies |
|
|
|
Stockholders' equity: |
|
Common Stock-Voting; $.01
par value, issued and outstanding
13,316,757 shares at December 31, 1998, and
16,421,538 shares at
December 31, 1999 |
|
133,168 |
|
164,215 |
|
Common Stock-Non-Voting;
$.01 par value, issued and outstanding
977,636 shares at December 31, 1999 |
|
- |
|
9,776 |
|
Additional paid-in
capital |
|
72,050,465 |
|
129,841,950 |
|
Accumulated deficit |
|
(28,939,508 |
) |
(54,702,268 |
) |
Unamortized stock-based
compensation |
|
(768,932 |
) |
(315,044 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Total
stockholders' equity |
|
42,475,193 |
|
74,998,629 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |
|
$ 60,804,501 |
|
$ 93,894,276 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to financial statements
CURAGEN CORPORATION
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
1997 |
|
1998 |
|
1999 |
|
Revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grant
revenue
|
|
|
$
|
3,079,994
|
|
$
|
3,182,025
|
|
$
|
636,980
|
|
Collaboration revenue
|
|
|
|
2,816,549
|
|
|
6,075,000
|
|
|
14,466,537
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
revenue
|
|
|
|
5,896,543
|
|
|
9,257,025
|
|
|
15,103,517
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
Grant
research
|
|
|
|
4,615,886
|
|
|
1,858,502
|
|
|
417,386
|
|
Collaborative research and development
|
|
|
|
5,126,660
|
|
|
18,130,893
|
|
|
25,794,421
|
|
Asset
impairment expense
|
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
--
|
|
|
2,657,018
|
|
General and administrative
|
|
|
|
3,481,251
|
|
|
9,128,705
|
|
|
13,084,852
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
operating expenses
|
|
|
|
13,223,797
|
|
|
29,118,100
|
|
|
41,953,677
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss
from operations
|
|
|
|
(7,327,254
|
)
|
|
(19,861,075
|
)
|
|
(26,850,160
|
) |
Interest income, net
|
|
|
|
105,244
|
|
|
1,432,590
|
|
|
1,087,400
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
loss
|
|
|
|
(7,222,010
|
)
|
|
(18,428,485
|
)
|
|
(25,762,760
|
) |
Preferred dividends
|
|
|
|
(68,424
|
)
|
|
(508,435
|
)
|
|
--
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
loss attributable to common stockholders
|
|
|
|
($7,290,434
|
)
|
|
($18,936,920
|
)
|
|
($25,762,760
|
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and
diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
|
|
|
|
($ 0.92
|
)
|
|
($ 1.55
|
)
|
|
($ 1.79
|
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of shares used in
|
|
|
computing basic and diluted net loss per share
|
|
|
attributable to common stockholders
|
|
|
|
7,888,383
|
|
|
12,201,006
|
|
|
14,400,992
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proforma
basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
(See Note 9)
|
|
|
|
($ 0.46
|
)
|
|
($ 0.78
|
)
|
|
($ 0.89
|
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted
average number of shares used in computing proforma basic and diluted net
loss per share attributable to common stockholders (See Note 9)
|
|
|
|
15,776,766
|
|
|
24,402,012
|
|
|
28,801,984
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to financial statements
CURAGEN CORPORATION
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY)
Year Ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999
|
Number of
Shares |
Voting Common
Stock ($.01 Par
value) |
Number of Shares |
Non-Voting
Common Stock
($.01 par value) |
Number of
Shares |
Preferred
Stock |
Additional
Paid-in
Capital |
Accumulated
Deficit |
Unamortized
Stock-Based
Compensation |
Total |
January 1,
1997 |
5,121,731 |
|
$ 51,218 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
482,167 |
|
$ 3,190,772 |
|
$ 2,164,824 |
|
($3,289,013 |
) |
-- |
|
$ 2,117,801 |
|
Issuance of Common
Stock |
39,746 |
|
397 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
162,561 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
162,958 |
|
Issuance of Preferred
Stock with warrants - Series C |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
2,011,468 |
|
11,787,202 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
11,787,202 |
|
Issuance of Preferred
Stock - Series D |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
1,000,000 |
|
7,500,000 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
7,500,000 |
|
Issuance of Preferred
Stock - Series E |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
100,000 |
|
1,000,001 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
1,000,001 |
|
Issuance of options to
non-employees |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
736,781 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
736,781 |
|
Unamortized stock-based
compensation |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
1,213,464 |
|
-- |
|
(1,213,464 |
) |
-- |
|
Issuance of warrants -
capital lease obligations |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
59,520 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
59,520 |
|
Amortization of warrants
- capital lease obligations |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(5,410 |
) |
-- |
|
-- |
|
(5,410 |
) |
Preferred
dividends |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
68,424 |
|
(68,424 |
) |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
Adjustment of Redeemable
Common Stock |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(2,454,668 |
) |
-- |
|
-- |
|
(2,454,668 |
) |
Adjustment to reflect
automatic conversion of Preferred Stock |
3,418,635 |
|
34,186 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(3,418,635 |
) |
(22,087,203 |
) |
22,053,017 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
Net loss |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(7,222,010 |
) |
-- |
|
(7,222,010 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
1997 |
8,580,112 |
|
85,801 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
175,000 |
|
1,459,196 |
|
23,861,665 |
|
(10,511,023 |
) |
(1,213,464 |
) |
13,682,175 |
|
Issuance of Common
Stock |
4,231,520 |
|
42,315 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
48,620,165 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
48,662,480 |
|
Conversion of Redeemable
Common Stock |
291,875 |
|
2,919 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
3,937,393 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
3,940,312 |
|
Redemption of Preferred
Stock - Series B |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(175,000 |
) |
(1,750,000 |
) |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(1,750,000 |
) |
Stock issuance
costs |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(4,509,612 |
) |
-- |
|
-- |
|
(4,509,612 |
) |
Amortization of
stock-based compensation |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
444,532 |
|
444,532 |
|
Amortization of warrants
- capital lease obligations |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(16,232 |
) |
-- |
|
-- |
|
(16,232 |
) |
Preferred
dividends |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
290,804 |
|
(508,435 |
) |
-- |
|
-- |
|
(217,631 |
) |
Exercise of employee
stock options |
213,250 |
|
2,133 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
375,767 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
377,900 |
|
Issuance of options to
non-employees |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
289,754 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
289,754 |
|
Net loss |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(18,428,485 |
) |
-- |
|
(18,428,485 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
1998 |
13,316,757 |
|
133,168 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
72,050,465 |
|
(28,939,508 |
) |
(768,932 |
) |
42,475,193 |
|
Issuance of Common
Stock |
2,530,017 |
|
25,300 |
|
977,636 |
|
$9,776 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
55,964,920 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
55,999,996 |
|
Stock issuance
costs |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(118,264 |
) |
-- |
|
-- |
|
(118,264 |
) |
Amortization and
write-off of stock-based compensation |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(192,729 |
) |
-- |
|
453,888 |
|
261,159 |
|
Amortization of warrants
- capital lease obligations |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(16,233 |
) |
-- |
|
-- |
|
(16,233 |
) |
Exercise of employee
stock options |
92,419 |
|
924 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
662,225 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
663,149 |
|
Exercise of non-employee
stock options |
456,000 |
|
4,560 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
996,750 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
1,001,310 |
|
Issuance of options to
non-employees |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
103,655 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
103,655 |
|
Stock-based 401(k)
employer plan match |
26,345 |
|
263 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
306,722 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
306,985 |
|
Other |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
84,439 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
84,439 |
|
Net loss |
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
(25,762,760 |
) |
-- |
|
(25,762,760 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
1999 |
16,421,538 |
|
$164,215 |
|
977,636 |
|
$9,776 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
$ 129,841,950 |
|
($54,702,268 |
) |
($ 315,044 |
) |
$ 74,998,629 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to financial
statements
CURAGEN CORPORATION
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
|
Year Ended December
31,
|
|
|
|
|
1997
|
|
1998
|
|
1999
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from
operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
($ 7,222,010 |
) |
($18,428,485 |
) |
($25,762,760 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash |
|
used in operating activities: |
|
Asset impairment expense |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
2,657,018 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
1,226,696 |
|
2,668,142 |
|
5,554,019 |
|
Non-monetary compensation |
|
736,781 |
|
894,286 |
|
364,814 |
|
Stock-based 401(k) employer plan
match |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
306,985 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
|
Grants receivable |
|
44,525 |
|
(178,677 |
) |
575,225 |
|
Accounts receivable |
|
33,250 |
|
156,350 |
|
(756,409 |
) |
Other current assets |
|
(852 |
) |
12,733 |
|
(60,836 |
) |
Prepaid expenses |
|
(134,529 |
) |
(347,723 |
) |
(641,812 |
) |
Other assets |
|
(180,225 |
) |
(198,259 |
) |
29,351 |
|
Accounts payable |
|
754,137 |
|
1,671,866 |
|
(934,324 |
) |
Accrued payroll-related party |
|
-- |
|
(308,125 |
) |
-- |
|
Accrued bonuses |
|
-- |
|
841,386 |
|
(506,387 |
) |
Accrued expenses |
|
933,590 |
|
(864,812 |
) |
533,747 |
|
Accrued payroll |
|
-- |
|
324,924 |
|
175,104 |
|
Deferred revenue |
|
375,000 |
|
4,500,000 |
|
(892,370 |
) |
Deferred rent |
|
227,972 |
|
71,928 |
|
(112,021 |
) |
Interest payable |
|
259,316 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in
operating activities |
|
(2,946,349 |
) |
(9,184,466 |
) |
(19,470,656 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from
investing activities: |
|
Acquisitions of property and equipment |
|
(2,486,760 |
) |
(11,560,246 |
) |
(8,625,520 |
) |
Loans to related parties |
|
(100,000 |
) |
(153,500 |
) |
(3,798 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in
investing activities |
|
(2,586,760 |
) |
(11,713,746 |
) |
(8,629,318 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash flows from
financing activities: |
|
Payments on capital lease obligations |
|
(879,594 |
) |
(1,872,001 |
) |
(3,020,177 |
) |
Proceeds from issuance of Common Stock |
|
-- |
|
48,662,480 |
|
55,999,996 |
|
Proceeds from issuance of Preferred Stock |
|
20,387,203 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
Proceeds from sale-leaseback of equipment |
|
1,227,270 |
|
5,000,659 |
|
6,654,536 |
|
Payments of stock issuance costs |
|
(1,083,251 |
) |
(3,426,361 |
) |
(118,264 |
) |
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
|
-- |
|
377,900 |
|
1,664,459 |
|
Redemption of Series B Preferred Stock |
|
-- |
|
(1,967,631 |
) |
-- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by
financing activities |
|
19,651,628 |
|
46,775,046 |
|
61,180,550 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net increase in cash
and cash equivalents |
|
14,118,519 |
|
25,876,834 |
|
33,080,576 |
|
Cash and cash
equivalents, beginning of year |
|
3,298,642 |
|
17,417,161 |
|
43,293,995 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash
equivalents, end of year |
|
$ 17,417,161 |
|
$ 43,293,995 |
|
$ 76,374,571 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental cash
flow information: |
|
Interest paid |
|
$
423,655 |
|
$
988,533 |
|
$ 1,040,560 |
|
Noncash financing
transactions: |
|
Reduction of note and related interest payable upon exercise of
Common Stock warrants |
|
$ 1,485,644 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
Reduction of accrued expenses upon issuance of Common
Stock |
|
162,958 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
Obligations under capital leases |
|
5,302,666 |
|
$ 5,051,378 |
|
$ 8,381,778 |
|
Adjustment of Redeemable Common Stock |
|
2,454,668 |
|
-- |
|
-- |
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to financial statements
NOTES TO FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS
1. Organization and Summary of Significant
Accounting Policies
OrganizationCuraGen Corporation
(the "Company" or "CuraGen") is a biotechnology company
focusing on the application of genomics to the systematic discovery of
genes, gene sequences, variations in gene sequences, biological pathways and
drug candidates in order to accelerate the discovery and development of the
therapeutic, agricultural and diagnostic products to improve human and
animal health and the vitality of agriculture. The Company was incorporated
in November 1991 and, until March 1993, was engaged primarily in
organizational activities, research and development of the Company's
technology, grant preparation and obtaining financing.
Revenue RecognitionThe Company
has entered into certain collaborative research agreements which provide for
the partial or complete funding of specified projects in exchange for access
to and certain rights in the resultant data discovered under the related
project. Revenue is recognized based upon work performed or upon the
attainment of certain benchmarks specified in the related agreements (see
Note 4). Grant revenue is recognized as related costs qualifying under the
terms of the grants are incurred. Grant revenue is derived solely from
federal and Connecticut agencies (see Note 8). Deferred revenue arising from
payments received from collaborative agreements is recognized as income when
earned.
Cash and Cash EquivalentsThe
Company considers investments readily convertible into cash with a maturity
of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash
equivalents.
Property and EquipmentProperty
and equipment are recorded at cost. Equipment under capital leases is
recorded at the lower of the net present value of the minimum lease payments
required over the term of the lease or the fair value of the assets at the
inception of the lease. Additions, renewals and betterments that
significantly extend the life of an asset are capitalized. Minor
replacements, maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred.
Equipment is depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the related
assets, ranging from three to seven years, using the straight-line method.
Equipment under capital leases is amortized over the shorter of the
estimated useful life or the terms of the lease, using the straight-line
method. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the
estimated life or the term of the lease, using the straight-line method.
When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the assets and related
accumulated depreciation or amortization are eliminated from the accounts
and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in income.
Impairment of Long-Lived AssetsThe Company regularly evaluates
the recoverability of the net carrying value of its property, and intangible
assets by comparing the carrying values to the estimated future undiscounted
cash flows. A deficiency in these cash flows relative to the carrying
amounts is an indication of the need for a write-down due to impairment. The
impairment write-down would be the difference between the carrying amounts
and the fair value of these assets as determined by using estimated future
undiscounted cash flows. A loss of impairment would be recognized by a
charge to earnings.
Deferred Real Estate Commissions
Deferred real estate commissions were paid in 1997 in connection with
the signing of the operating lease in New Haven, Connecticut (see Note 3).
These costs, which are included in Other assets, are amortized over the
remaining life of the lease as of the date of occupancy, 69 months, using
the straight-line method. Accumulated amortization aggregated $20,984 and
$32,975, respectively, as of December 31, 1998 and 1999. Related
amortization expense was $11,991 for each of the years ended December 31,
1998 and 1999.
Licensing FeesLicensing fees for
various research and development purposes were paid during 1998 and 1999.
The costs, which are included in Other assets, are amortized over the
various lives of the licenses. Accumulated amortization aggregated $30,288
and $127,503, respectively, as of December 31, 1998 and 1999. Related
amortization expense was $30,288 and $97,215, respectively, for the years
ended December 31, 1998 and 1999.
Patent Application CostsCosts
incurred in filing for patents are charged to operations, until such time as
it is determined that the filing will be successful. When it becomes evident
with reasonable certainty that an application will be successful, the costs
incurred in filing for patents will begin to be capitalized. Capitalized
costs related to successful patent applications will be amortized over a
period not to exceed twenty years or the remaining life of the patent,
whichever is shorter, using the straight-line method. During 1998 and 1999,
all patent application costs have been charged to operations.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs are charged to operations as incurred.
Grant research expenses include all direct research and development costs
incurred related to specific grant awards and programs. All remaining
research and development costs are incurred for the development and
maintenance of current and future research collaboration agreements, and
accordingly, have been classified as collaborative research and development
expenses.
Stock-Based CompensationIn
October 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 "Accounting for Stock-Based
Compensation" ("SFAS 123"), which was effective for the
Company beginning January 1, 1996. SFAS 123 requires expanded disclosures of
stock-based
compensation arrangements with employees and non-employees and encourages (but
does not require) compensation cost to be measured based on the fair value
of the equity instruments awarded to employees. Companies are permitted to
continue to apply Accounting Principles Board ("APB") No. 25,
which recognizes compensation cost based on the intrinsic value of the
equity instruments awarded. The Company will continue to apply APB No. 25 to
its stock-based compensation awards to employees. For equity instruments
awarded to non-employees, the Company records the transactions based upon
the consideration received for such awards or the fair value of the equity
instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measurable. The Company
recorded stock-based compensation expense attributable to non-employees
totaling $277,247, $289,754 and $103,655 for the years ended December 31,
1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively. For options issued to employees, the
Company records the transactions based upon the difference between the
option strike price and the estimated fair market value as of the date of
issuance. Stock-based compensation associated with options granted to
employees during 1997 amounted to $1,672,998 and is being expensed by the
Company over the vesting period of the underlying options. During 1998 and
1999, no stock-based compensation in connection with options granted to
employees was recorded as all options granted were issued at the estimated
fair market value as of the date of issuance. The Company recorded
amortization of stock-based compensation expense for options issued to
employees of $444,532 and $453,888 for the years ended December 31, 1998 and
1999, respectively.
Income TaxesIncome taxes are
provided for as required under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes" ("SFAS 109").
This Statement requires the use of the asset and liability method in
determining the tax effect on future years of the "temporary differences
" between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial
reporting amounts.
Loss Per ShareBasic earnings per
share ("EPS") is computed by dividing net loss by the
weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted
EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other
contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common
stock. Due to the loss from operations, stock options and warrants granted
but not yet exercised under the Company's stock option plans are
antidilutive and therefore not considered for the diluted EPS calculations.
Under the assumption that stock options and warrants were not antidilutive,
the denominator for diluted loss per share would be 7,888,383, 13,024,973,
and 15,394,706 at December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107,
"Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments" (
"SFAS 107"), requires the disclosure of fair value information for
certain assets and liabilities, whether or not recorded in the balance
sheets, for which it is practical to estimate that value. The Company has
the following financial instruments: cash, receivables, accounts payable and
accrued expenses, and certain liabilities. The Company considers the
carrying amount of these items to approximate fair value.
Conversion of Preferred StockThe
accompanying financial statements retroactively reflect the conversion of
all outstanding shares of Series A, C, D and E Preferred Stock (Convertible
Preferred Stock) to Common Stock on a one for one basis. The above
conversion has been presented since the Company amended its Certificate of
Incorporation in December 1997 to provide that the Series A, C, D and E
Preferred Stock would be automatically converted into shares of Common Stock
upon the closing of a firm commitment underwritten public offering of the
Common Stock. In March 1998, upon the closing of the Company's initial
public offering, the foregoing conversion was completed.
Recently Enacted Pronouncements
The Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued
SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related
Information" effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
1997. The Company had one reportable segment as of December 31,
1999.
In June 1998, the FASB issued SFAS No. 133,
"Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities".
SFAS No. 133 modifies the accounting for derivatives and hedging activities
and is effective for the quarterly periods beginning after June 15, 1999.
The Company has not determined the effects, if any, that SFAS No. 133 will
have on its financial statements.
The AICPA has issued Statement of Position (
"SOP") 98-1, "Accounting for Costs of Computer Software
Developed or Planned for Internal Use". This SOP provides guidance on
accounting for the costs of computer software developed or obtained for
internal use. This SOP requires that the following costs be capitalized: 1)
external direct costs of materials and services incurred in developing or
obtaining internal-use computer software; 2) payroll and payroll-related
costs for employees who are directly associated with and devote time to the
internal-use software project (to the extent of time spent directly on the
project); and 3) interest costs. Computer software costs that are research
and development should be expensed as incurred. In addition, training costs should be expensed as
incurred. This statement is effective for financial statements for fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 1998, however, earlier application is
encouraged. The Company adopted SOP 98-1 in 1999.
Use of EstimatesThe preparation
of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect
the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent
assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Actual results could differ from those estimates.
2. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consisted of the
following:
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
1998
|
|
1999
|
|
|
|
|
Laboratory equipment |
$ 6,570,300
|
|
$5,966,192
|
Leased equipment |
11,091,434
|
|
12,609,660
|
Leasehold improvements |
904,254
|
|
1,165,598
|
Office equipment |
1,534,415
|
|
2,674,522
|
|
|
|
|
Total property and equipment |
20,100,403
|
|
22,415,972
|
Less accumulated depreciation and
amortization |
4,200,122
|
|
7,338,602
|
|
|
|
|
Total property and equipment, net
|
$15,900,281
|
|
$15,077,370
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization expense was $2,580,400, and $5,441,172 for
the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1999, respectively.
3. Leases
Capital Leases
In April 1997, the Company signed a
lease-financing commitment to receive $4,000,000 to purchase equipment and
expand its facilities. The lease commitment provides for a payment term of
48 months per individual lease schedule. In addition, the commitment
provides for the issuance to the lessor of two warrants (the "First
Warrant" and the "Second Warrant") to purchase shares of the
Common Stock. The First Warrant was issued in April 1997 and entitles the
lessor to purchase 11,111 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of
$9.00 per share. The Second Warrant was issued in September 1997 when the
Company's aggregate equipment cost under the agreement exceeded $2,000,000.
The Second Warrant entitles the lessor to purchase 10,000 shares of Common
Stock at an exercise price of $10.00 per share. The value ascribed to the
warrants was $59,520. In June 1998, the Company signed a lease-financing
commitment to receive $10,000,000 to purchase various laboratory, office and
computer equipment. The lease commitment provides for payment terms of 60
months per individual lease schedule. In November 1999, the Company signed
an agreement with Comdisco, Inc. ("Comdisco") for the acquisition
of certain lab equipment of $2,400,000. The agreement provides for payment
terms of 12 quarterly installments.
The Company has also entered into other
capital lease agreements to finance the purchase of equipment. Leased
equipment under all such agreements consisted of the following:
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
1998
|
|
1999
|
|
|
|
|
Leased equipment
|
$11,091,434
|
|
$12,609,660
|
Less accumulated amortization
|
3,037,429
|
|
3,787,225
|
|
|
|
|
Total Leased equipment, net
|
$ 8,054,005
|
|
$ 8,822,435
|
|
|
|
|
The Company financed leased assets with costs
of $5,302,666, $5,051,378 and $8,381,778 for the years ended December 31,
1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively. These arrangements have terms of three to
five years with interest rates ranging from approximately 9% to 20%,
however, of the remaining total minimum lease payments of approximately
$13,000,000, 97% of those arrangements have interest rates ranging from
approximately 9% to 15%. At the end of the respective lease terms, the
Company has the right to either return the equipment to the lessor or
purchase the equipment at between $1 and 15% of the then fair market value
of the equipment.
The future minimum lease payments under
capital lease obligations at December 31, 1999 were as follows:
Within 1 year
|
$3,725,902
|
Within 1 to 2
years
|
4,263,164
|
Within 2 to 3
years
|
3,771,172
|
Within 3 to 4
years
|
1,422,100
|
Within 4 to 5
years
|
97,309
|
|
|
Total minimum
lease payments
|
13,279,647
|
Less amounts
representing interest
|
2,268,412
|
|
|
Present value
of future minimum lease payments
|
11,011,235
|
Less current
portion of obligations
|
2,732,393
|
|
|
Obligations
under capital leases, net of current portion
|
$8,278,842
|
|
|
Operating Leases
In December 1996, the Company
entered into a six-year lease agreement for 26,000 square feet to house its
principal administrative and research facilities at 555 Long Wharf Drive,
New Haven, Connecticut. In October 1997 and August 1998, the Company amended
that lease to increase its leased space to a total of 31,000 and 36,000
square feet, respectively. The Company may renew the lease for two
additional terms of five years each. In May 1998, the Company entered into a
lease agreement, expiring in May 2000, for its 32,000 square foot research
facility in Branford, Connecticut. The lease agreement may be renewed for
three additional terms of two years each. In November 1999, the Company
exercised its option to renew the Branford lease for a two year term which
will expire in May 2002, and amended the lease to increase its leased space
to 46,000 square feet. An additional 12,000 square feet at the Company's
third research location in Alachua, Florida is also leased under an
agreement due to expire in July 2000.
Total rent expense under all operating leases
for 1997, 1998 and 1999 was approximately $487,300, $1,016,050 and
$1,335,350 respectively.
The future minimum rental payments for all
operating leases are as follows as of December 31, 1999:
|
Year
|
|
|
2000
|
$1,494,238
|
|
2001
|
1,441,909
|
|
2002
|
1,066,492
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
$4,002,639
|
|
|
|
4. Collaborations
Genentech, Inc.
In June 1996, the Company entered
into a Pilot Research Services and Evaluation Agreement with Genentech, Inc.
("Genentech") pursuant to which the Company performed certain
research services for a $200,000 fee. The pilot collaboration was superseded
by the Evaluation Agreement, signed and effective December 27, 1996. In
connection with the execution of the Evaluation Agreement, Genentech made an
equity investment of $1,800,000 in the form of 307,167 shares of Series A
Convertible Preferred Stock (see Note 6).
In November 1997, CuraGen and
Genentech entered into a research collaboration and database subscription
arrangement to discover novel genes and therapeutics. Pursuant to the
agreement, Genentech purchased $5,000,000 of Common Stock in a private
placement concurrent with the Company's initial public offering at the
initial public offering price. Genentech also agreed to provide CuraGen with
an interest-bearing loan facility which could in the aggregate reach
$26,000,000 if the research program continues beyond its initial three year
term. The loan facility contains annual borrowing limits and the outstanding
principal and interest under the loan facility are payable five years from
the date of the agreement. Subject to certain limitations, during the term
of the agreement, and after the end of the first year, the drawn-down
portion of the loan is convertible at CuraGen's option into CuraGen
Non-Voting Common Stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Non-Voting
Common Stock") based upon a formula that approximates the prevailing
market price of the Company's Common Stock. On October 15, 1999, the Company
made a drawdown of $16,000,000 under this facility and simultaneously
converted the loan into 977,636 shares of its Non-Voting Common Stock, par
value $.01 per share. The Non-Voting Common Stock is convertible into Common
Stock (a) at any time, at Genentech's option or (b) automatically upon the
sale or transfer of the Non-Voting Common Stock to a non-affiliated
party.
Pioneer Hi-Bred International,
Inc.
Effective June 1, 1997, the
Company entered into a Collaborative Research and License Agreement with
Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. ("Pioneer Hi-Bred") whereby
the Company is to perform research that will be funded by Pioneer Hi-Bred.
In conjunction with the execution of this agreement, Pioneer Hi-Bred made an
equity investment of $7,500,000 in the form of 1,000,000 shares of Series D
Convertible Preferred Stock (see Note 6). In addition, Pioneer Hi-Bred paid
the Company $2,500,000 per year, for the first 10 months, in quarterly
installments with the first payment prorated. In March of 1998, Pioneer
Hi-Bred increased the minimum annual research funding to $5,000,000 per
year. Pioneer Hi-Bred has the right to terminate the research program at any
time upon a breach by the Company and on three months' written notice at any
time after May 2000.
The $5,000,000 per year fee is
based upon an established number of CuraGen employees whom will be devoted
to the Pioneer Hi-Bred research. In accordance with the Company's revenue
recognition policy as described in Note 1, revenue has been recorded based
upon work performed. For the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1999, the
Company recorded revenue of $4,375,000 and $5,000,000 related to this
agreement, which represented 47% and 33% of total revenue, respectively. In
addition, $1,250,000 has been received from Pioneer Hi-Bred for which the
related services have not been performed and, therefore, such amount is
recorded as deferred revenue at December 31, 1999.
Biogen, Inc.
In October 1997, the Company
entered into a research collaboration and database subscription arrangement
with Biogen, Inc. ("Biogen") to discover novel genes and
therapeutics across a range of Biogen-specified disease programs. The
parties also expect to conduct pharmacogenomic analysis of selected products
and product candidates in Biogen's portfolio. The collaboration, which calls
for payments by Biogen for up to five years, provides Biogen with access to
the Company's proprietary genomics technologies, including the GeneScape
bioinformatics software platform in order to generate GeneCalling and
PathCalling databases from Biogen-specified disease systems. Biogen has an
option to acquire exclusive licenses to certain discoveries arising from the
collaboration. Biogen has the right to terminate the research collaboration
upon any breach by the Company of any material obligation under the Biogen
agreement or at any time after October 1999, on 30 days' written notice.
Work performed and work that will be performed through June 30, 2000 for
Biogen under the arrangement has been and will be recognized as revenue on a
per employee basis. Beginning July 1, 2000, work performed for Biogen by the
Company under the arrangement will be recognized on a per project basis. In
addition, pursuant to the agreement, Biogen purchased $5,000,000 of the
Company's Common Stock in a private placement concurrent with the Company's
initial public offering at the initial public offering price of $11.50 per
share, and agreed to provide a $10,000,000 interest-bearing loan facility.
On October 15, 1999, the Company made a drawdown of $10,000,000 under this
facility and simultaneously converted the loan into 611,022 shares of its
Common Stock.
For the years ended December 31,
1998 and 1999, the Company recorded revenue of $1,500,000 and $2,100,000
related to this agreement which represented 16% and 14% of total revenue,
respectively.
Glaxo-Wellcome,
Inc.
In November 1998, CuraGen and
Glaxo-Wellcome, Inc. ("Glaxo") announced a drug discovery
collaboration to utilize CuraGen's integrated genomics processes for the
study and selection of Glaxo compounds for clinical development. This
pharmacogenomics collaboration, up to five years in duration, is intended to
enable Glaxo to select drug candidates with the highest likelihood of
success in clinical trials. Specifically, CuraGen will evaluate numerous
compounds across Glaxo therapeutic programs, identifying gene responses
associated with compound efficacy and toxicity.
For the year ended December 31,
1999, the Company recorded revenue of $2,407,918 related to this agreement
which represents 16% of total revenue. However, $2,177,082 has been received
from Glaxo for which the related services have not been performed and,
therefore, such amount is recorded as deferred revenue at December 31,
1999.
Hoffman-La Roche Inc. and Roche Vitamins,
Inc.
In March 1999, the Company signed
a life sciences target discovery and pharmacogenomics collaboration
retroactively effective as of January 1, 1999 with Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. (
"Roche Pharma") and its affiliate, Roche Vitamins, Inc. (
"Roche Vitamins"). This agreement outlines strategic partnerships
with F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. and its affiliates and is designed to
discover new drug targets, evaluate existing product candidates and
facilitate the development of drugs and diagnostic tests for the purposes of
improving human and animal health. Under the terms of this agreement, the
Company will receive research funding and may receive additional
milestone and royalty payments if any products emerge from this collaboration.
The agreement is for an initial term of two years and includes an option to
extend for three additional one-year terms.
For the year ended December 31,
1999, the Company recorded revenue of $3,736,396 related to this agreement
which represents 25% of total revenue. However, $111,628 and $186,977 has
been received from Roche Pharma and Roche Vitamins, respectively, for which
the related services have not been performed and, therefore, such amounts
are recorded as deferred revenue at December 31, 1999.
COR Therapeutics, Inc.
In May 1999, the Company signed a product
discovery and pharmacogenomics agreement with COR Therapeutics, Inc. (
"COR"). Under the terms of this agreement, CuraGen will apply its
SeqCalling, GeneCalling, and PathCalling technologies, related services, and
pharmacogenomics expertise to identify new drug targets and develop novel
cardiovascular drugs. This collaboration is for an initial term of eighteen
months with an option to extend the collaboration for three additional
twelve-month terms. The Company may receive research funding, milestone
payments and royalty payments for products developed by COR as a result of
this collaboration.
Abgenix, Inc.
In December 1999, CuraGen entered into a
collaboration agreement with Abgenix, Inc. ("Abgenix") to develop
and commercialize genomics-based antibody drugs using Abgenix'
XenoMouse technology. This
five-year alliance has been established to identify up to 120 fully human
antibody drug candidates intended for treating a broad range of complex
diseases including cancer and autoimmune disorders. Antibodies determined to
have commercial product potential will be allocated between the parties for
further development. Abgenix and the Company will receive reciprocating
milestone payments and royalty payments for products resulting from this
drug development alliance. In addition, under the agreement Abgenix
purchased 418,995 shares of the Company's Common Stock for $15,000,000.
5. Asset Impairment
During the fourth quarter of 1999, the Company
undertook an upgrade of scientific technologies and related lab equipment.
Accordingly, on November 7, 1999, the Company signed an agreement with
Comdisco for the acquisition of certain lab equipment with a fair market
value of approximately $2,400,000. As a part of this transaction, the
Company also purchased other lab equipment recorded as a capital lease for
approximately $3,600,000 from Transamerica Business Credit Corporation
(''TBCC"). The Comdisco agreement calls for the exchange of the TBCC
equipment for the Comdisco equipment. As a result of the exchange of the
TBCC equipment for the Comdisco equipment, the Company recognized an asset
impairment expense of approximately $2,700,000 in the fourth quarter of 1999
in order to properly reflect our estimate of the fair market value of the
retired lab equipment in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 121 (Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and
for Long-lived Assets to be Disposed of). The newly acquired Comdisco
equipment will be treated as a capital lease in the amount of
$4,128,243.
6. Stockholders' Equity
Authorized Capital Stock
The Company's authorized capital stock
consists of 50,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value of $.01 per share
(''Common Stock''), 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value of $.01
per share (''Preferred Stock'') and 3,000,000 shares of Nonvoting Common
Stock. In March 2000, the Board of Directors of the Company
unanimously approved an amendment to the Articles of Incorporation to
increase the number of authorized shares of Common Stock from 50,000,000 to
250,000,000 and to submit the proposed amendment to shareholders at the next
Annual Meeting of the Shareholders of the Company.
At December 31, 1997, the Company
had reserved 1,583,666 shares of Common Stock pursuant to outstanding
warrants, 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance pursuant to the 1993
Stock Option and Incentive Award Plan (the "1993 Stock Plan"),
1,500,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance pursuant to the 1997 Employee,
Director and Consultant Stock Plan (the "1997 Stock Plan") and
570,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance pursuant to non-qualified stock
options. At December 31, 1998, the Company had reserved 1,583,666 shares of
Common Stock pursuant to outstanding warrants, 871,883 shares of Common
Stock for issuance pursuant to the 1993 Stock Plan, 1,500,000 shares of
Common Stock for issuance pursuant to the 1997 Stock Plan and 453,750 shares
of Common Stock for issuance pursuant to non-qualified stock options. At the
May 1999 Annual Meeting of the Shareholders of the Company, the holders of
shares of the Corporation's Common Stock approved an
amendment to and restatement of the 1997 Stock Option Plan to increase the
number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance of options granted
pursuant to such Plan from 1,500,000 to 3,500,000. At December 31, 1999, the
Company had reserved 1,583,666 shares of Common Stock pursuant to
outstanding warrants, 654,183 shares of Common Stock for issuance pursuant
to the 1993 Stock Plan, 3,500,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance
pursuant to the 1997 Stock Plan and 8,250 shares of Common Stock for
issuance pursuant to non-plan stock options.
Common Stock
In March 1998, the Company completed its initial public offering of
3,000,000 shares of its Common Stock and received net proceeds of
$30,200,000. Concurrently with completion of the initial public offering,
the Company privately placed an aggregate of 956,520 shares of Common Stock
and received net proceeds of $5,000,000 each from Biogen and Genentech, two
of the Company's collaborative partners and existing stockholders, and
$1,000,000 from the University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc.
Accordingly, the combined net proceeds raised by the Company from the
offering and the concurrent private placements were $41,200,000. In
addition, in April 1998, the Company's underwriters exercised their option
to purchase an additional 275,000 shares of Common Stock at a price of
$11.50 per share to cover over-allotments, providing CuraGen with additional
net proceeds of $2,900,000.
In September 1999, the Company completed a
private placement of 1,500,000 shares of unregistered Common Stock for an
aggregate purchase price of $15,000,000 to Pequot Partners Fund, L.P. and
Pequot International Fund, Inc.
In October 1999, the Company drew down the
$10,000,000 loan facility made available to it under a certain Research and
Option Agreement and Promissory Note by and between the Company and Biogen
each dated October 1, 1997 (collectively, the "Agreement"). The
Company also exercised its option under the Agreement to prepay the entire
outstanding balance of $10,000,000 in CuraGen Corporation Voting Common
Stock. At the date of notice to Biogen, the "Fair Market Value" of
the Company's Common Stock (as defined in the Agreement) was $16.366 per
share. Accordingly, the Company issued Biogen 611,022 shares of its Voting
Common Stock and $13.95 (representing .8522 fractional shares) in full
satisfaction of the outstanding balance.
Also in October 1999, the Company drew down
the $16,000,000 loan facility made available to it under a certain Research
and Option Agreement and Promissory Note by and between the Company and
Genentech each dated November 20, 1997 (collectively, the "Agreement
"). The Company also exercised its option under the Agreement to prepay
the entire outstanding balance of $16,000,000 in CuraGen Corporation
Convertible Non-Voting Common Stock. At the date of notice to Genentech, the
"Fair Market Value" of the Company's Common Stock (as defined in
the Agreement) was $16.366 per share. Accordingly, the Company issued
Genentech 977,636 shares of its Convertible Non-Voting Common Stock and
$9.22 (representing .5636 fractional shares) in full satisfaction of the
outstanding balance.
In December 1999, the Company completed a
private placement of 418,995 shares of unregistered Common Stock for an
aggregate purchase price of $15,000,000 to Abgenix (see Note 4).
Stock Options
The Company's 1993 Stock Plan was adopted by
the Company Board of Directors and stockholders in December 1993 and
subsequently amended by the Board of Directors in May 1997. The 1993 Stock
Plan provides for the issuance of stock options and stock awards to
officers, directors, advisors, employees, and affiliates of the Company. Of
the 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock which were reserved for issuance under
the 1993 Stock Plan, options to purchase 871,883 and 654,183 shares were
granted and outstanding as of December 31, 1998 and 1999, respectively. The
Company does not intend to grant any additional options or awards under the
1993 Stock Plan.
A summary of all stock option activity under
the 1993 Stock Plan during the years ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999
is as follows:
|
|
Number
of Shares
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding January 1,
1997 |
|
541,550
|
|
$2.67
|
Granted |
|
518,583
|
|
6.83
|
Canceled
or lapsed |
|
(31,249)
|
|
3.29
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding December
31, 1997 |
|
1,028,884
|
|
4.75
|
Granted |
|
-
|
|
-
|
Exercised |
|
(97,001)
|
|
2.50
|
Canceled or lapsed |
|
(60,000)
|
|
4.37
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding December
31, 1998 |
|
871,883
|
|
5.02
|
Granted |
|
-
|
|
-
|
Exercised |
|
(109,900)
|
|
4.35
|
Canceled or lapsed |
|
(107,800)
|
|
7.08
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding December
31, 1999 |
|
654,183
|
|
4.80
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable December
31, 1997 |
|
347,611
|
|
3.32
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable December
31, 1998 |
|
458,584
|
|
4.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable December
31, 1999 |
|
449,461
|
|
4.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes information
about stock options under the 1993 Stock Plan at December 31,
1999:
Range of
Exercise Prices |
Number of
Options
Oustanding
|
|
Weighted
Average
Contractual
Life
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 1.00 - $ 2.50 |
162,700
|
|
5.3 years
|
|
$2.11
|
2.51 -
4.10 |
242,550
|
|
6.7 years
|
|
3.47
|
4.11 -
7.50 |
205,733
|
|
7.6 years
|
|
7.40
|
7.51 -
10.09 |
43,200
|
|
7.7 years
|
|
10.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
654,183
|
|
6.7
years
|
|
4.80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Range of
Exercise Prices |
Number of
Options
Exercisable
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
of Options
Exercisable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 1.00 - $ 2.50 |
156,100
|
|
$
2.09
|
|
|
2.51 -
4.10 |
173,228
|
|
3.44
|
|
|
4.11 -
7.50 |
106,933
|
|
7.43
|
|
|
7.51 -
10.09 |
13,200
|
|
10.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
449,461
|
|
4.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In addition to the options granted under the
1993 Stock Plan, the Company has granted non-plan options to purchase shares
of Common Stock pursuant to individual agreements with Company employees and
consultants. As of December 31, 1998 and 1999, there were 453,750 and 8,250
options, respectively, outstanding which are not part of a specific plan.
These options incorporate the provisions of the 1993 Stock Plan to the
extent such provisions are not inconsistent with the terms of those
options.
A summary of all non-plan stock option
activity during the years ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999 is as
follows:
|
|
Number
of Shares
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding January 1,
1997 |
|
456,000
|
|
$1.40
|
Granted |
|
114,000
|
|
4.10
|
Canceled or
lapsed |
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding December
31, 1997 |
|
570,000
|
|
1.94
|
Granted |
|
-
|
|
-
|
Exercised |
|
(116,250)
|
|
1.17
|
Canceled or
lapsed |
|
-
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding December
31, 1998 |
|
453,750
|
|
2.14
|
Granted |
|
-
|
|
-
|
Exercised |
|
(388,500)
|
|
1.88
|
Canceled
or lapsed |
|
(57,000)
|
|
4.10
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding December
31, 1999 |
|
8,250
|
|
1.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable December
31, 1997 |
|
349,500
|
|
1.31
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable December
31, 1998 |
|
315,000
|
|
1.68
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable December
31, 1999 |
|
8,250
|
|
1.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes information
about non-plan stock options at December 31, 1999:
Range of
Exercise Prices |
Number of
Options
Outstanding
|
|
Weighted
Average
Contractual
Life
|
|
Weighted
Average
Excercise Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 1.00 - $ 2.50 |
8,250
|
|
4.0 Years
|
|
$1.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Range of
Exercise Prices |
Number of
Options
Exercisable
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
of Options
Exercisable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 1.00 - $ 2.50 |
8,250
|
|
$1.00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company's 1997 Stock Plan was approved by
the Company's Board of Directors and stockholders in October 1997. The 1997
Stock Plan provides for the issuance of stock options and stock grants
(''Stock Rights'') to employees, directors and consultants of the Company. A
total of 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock have been reserved for issuance
under the 1997 Stock Plan. At the May 1999 Annual Meeting of the
Shareholders of the Company, the holders of shares of the Corporation's
Common Stock approved an amendment to and restatement of the 1997 Stock
Option Plan to increase the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for
issuance of options granted pursuant to such Plan from 1,500,000 to
3,500,000. The 1997 Stock Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee
of the Board of Directors. The Compensation Committee has the authority to
administer the provisions of the 1997 Stock Plan and to determine the
persons to whom Stock Rights will be granted, the number of shares to be
covered by each Stock Right and the terms and conditions upon which a Stock
Right may be granted. At December 31, 1997, the Company had 65,000 options
outstanding under the 1997 Stock Plan and an additional 1,435,000 available
for grant. At December 31, 1998, the Company had 1,276,100 options
outstanding under the 1997 Stock Plan and an additional 223,900 available
for grant. As of December 31, 1999, the Company had 1,488,833 options
outstanding under the 1997 Stock Plan and an additional 2,011,167 available
for grant. In addition, 50,019 stock options have been exercised under the
1997 Stock Plan as of December 31, 1999.
A summary of all stock option activity under
the 1997 Stock Plan during the years ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999
is as follows:
|
Number
of Shares
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding January 1,
1997 |
65,000
|
|
11.50
|
Granted
|
1,306,100
|
|
8.73
|
Exercised |
-
|
|
-
|
Canceled or
lapsed |
(95,000)
|
|
11.33
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding December
31, 1998 |
1,276,100
|
|
8.68
|
Granted
|
599,500
|
|
9.66
|
Exercised |
(50,019)
|
|
9.14
|
Canceled or
lapsed |
(336,748)
|
|
8.88
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding December
31, 1999 |
1,488,833
|
|
9.02
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable December
31, 1997 |
21,668
|
|
11.50
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable December
31, 1998 |
70,383
|
|
10.98
|
|
|
|
|
Exercisable December
31, 1999 |
314,306
|
|
8.51
|
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes information
about stock options under the 1997 Stock Plan at December 31,
1999:
Range of
Exercise Prices |
Number of
Options
Oustanding
|
|
Weighted
Average
Contractual
Life
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 4.11 - $ 7.50 |
596,933
|
|
8.4 years
|
|
$6.60
|
7.51 -
10.00 |
360,000
|
|
9.5 years
|
|
7.75
|
10.01 - 11.94 |
373,900
|
|
8.1 years
|
|
11.37
|
11.95 - 16.81 |
158,000
|
|
9.7 years
|
|
15.51
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,488,833
|
|
8.7 years
|
|
9.02
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Range of
Exercise Prices |
Number of
Options
Exercisable
|
|
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
of Options
Exercisable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 4.11 - $ 7.50 |
183,940
|
|
$6.43
|
|
|
7.51 -
10.00 |
1,666
|
|
7.94
|
|
|
10.01 - 11.94 |
128,700
|
|
11.49
|
|
|
11.95 - 16.81 |
-
|
|
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
314,306
|
|
8.51
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had compensation cost for the Company's stock option plans been determined
in accordance with SFAS 123, the Company's net loss attributable to common
stockholders and net loss per share attributable to common stockholders
would have approximated the pro forma amounts shown below for each of the
years ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999.
|
December
31,
|
|
|
|
1997
|
1998
|
1999
|
|
|
|
|
|
As Reported
|
|
Pro Forma
|
|
As Reported
|
|
Pro Forma
|
|
As Reported
|
|
Pro Forma
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss attributable to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
common
stockholders |
$(7,290,434)
|
|
$(7,891,326)
|
|
$(18,936,960)
|
|
$(20,095,345)
|
|
$(25,762,760)
|
|
$(28,452,852)
|
Net loss per share attributable to
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
common
stockholders |
$(.92)
|
|
$(1.00)
|
|
$(1.55)
|
|
$(1.65)
|
|
$(1.79)
|
|
$(1.98)
|
The assumptions utilized by the Company in
deriving the pro forma amounts for the years ended December 31, 1997 are as
follows: 1) 0% dividend yield, 2) .1% expected volatility, 3) risk-free
interest rate of approximately 6%, and 4) expected life of the options of 10
years. The assumptions utilized by the Company in deriving the pro forma
amounts for the year ended December 31, 1998 are as follows: 1) 0% dividend
yield, 2) 50% expected volatility, 3) risk-free interest rate of
approximately 5.25%, and 4) expected life of the options of 10 years. The
assumptions utilized by the Company in deriving the pro forma amounts for
the year ended December 31, 1999 are as follows: 1) 0% dividend yield, 2)
102% expected volatility, 3) risk-free interest rate of approximately 5.25%,
and 4) expected lives of the options between 5.2 and 8.7 years. The weighted
average grant date fair value of options granted during the years ended
December 31, 1997, 1998, and 1999 was approximately $6.14 per share, $5.77
per share and $6.46 per share, respectively.
Preferred Stock
The Company received aggregate consideration
of $1,750,000 from five investors as subscriptions for the purchase of
175,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock. In September 1996, October 1996
and January 1997, the Company received proceeds of $1,600,000, $50,000 and
$100,000, respectively. The Series B Preferred Stock was non-convertible and
accrued dividends at the prime rate. Dividends were payable when declared by
the Board of Directors. Dividends in arrears at December 31, 1997 were
$181,563. Upon completing a qualified equity financing, as defined in the
Series B Preferred Stock Agreement, the Company was entitled to redeem all
of the shares of the Series B Preferred Stock. The completion of the
Company's initial public offering satisfied such requirement, and
accordingly, in March 1998, the Company redeemed all of such Series B
Preferred Stock for an aggregate redemption price of $1,750,000, plus
accrued dividends and dividends in arrears.
In addition, holders of the Series B Preferred
Stock received 5 year warrants to purchase an aggregate of 358,361 shares of
Common Stock at $5.86 per share, which warrants expire on March 27, 2002.
Such warrants were valued at $376,334. The value of such warrants was
accreted over the warrant period and such accretion was classified as
preferred dividends. For the years ended December 31, 1997 and 1998, such
accretion amounted to $68,424 and $17,106, respectively.
In December 1996, in connection with the Genentech Evaluation Agreement
(see Note 4), Genentech purchased 307,167 shares of Series A Preferred Stock
for $1,800,000, or $5.86 per share. In March 1997, the Company issued
2,011,468 shares of convertible Series C Preferred Stock for an aggregate
purchase price of $11,787,202. In addition, three year warrants were issued
to certain purchasers of the Series C Preferred Stock to purchase an
aggregate of 366,894 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $9.00
per share. Such warrants were valued at $0 upon issuance. In May 1997, as a
result of the Pioneer Hi-Bred Agreement (see Note 4), the Company issued
1,000,000 shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, for an aggregate
purchase price of $7,500,000. In June 1997, the Company issued 100,000
shares of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock for an aggregate purchase
price of $1,000,001.
In March 1998, upon the closing of the initial
public offering of its Common Stock, the Company automatically converted the
Series A, C, D and E Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock on a 1 for
1 basis.
7. Income Taxes
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
1998
|
|
1999
|
|
|
|
|
Total deferred income tax
assets
|
$15,400,000
|
|
$30,200,000
|
Valuation allowance
|
(15,400,000)
|
|
(30,200,000)
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
$ 0
|
|
$ 0
|
|
|
|
|
The deferred income tax assets
are primarily a result of the federal and Connecticut net operating loss and
research and development credit carryforwards and timing differences
relating to accrued payroll and depreciation and amortization. As the
Company has no prior earnings history, a valuation allowance has been
established due to the Company's uncertainty in its ability to benefit from
the federal and Connecticut net operating loss carryforwards. The change in
the valuation allowance was $4,068,000, $9,470,000 and $14,800,000 for the
years ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively.
At December 31, 1999, the Company
had federal and Connecticut net operating loss carryforwards for income tax
purposes of approximately $56,000,000 and $51,000,000, respectively. Federal
net operating loss carryforwards expire beginning in 2008, and Connecticut
net operating loss carryforwards began expiring in 1998. The Company also
had federal and Connecticut research and development tax credit
carryforwards for income tax purposes of approximately $3,000,000 and
$3,200,000, respectively at December 31, 1999.
8. Grants
The Company has received federal
grants for specific purposes that are subject to review and audit by the
grantor agencies. Such audits could lead to requests for reimbursement by
the grantor agency for any expenditures disallowed under the terms of the
grant. Additionally, any noncompliance with the terms of the grant could
lead to loss of current or future awards.
During 1995, the Company received
two grants from CII in the amounts of $450,000 and $237,500. The term of the
$450,000 grant is January 4, 1995 to December 31, 2004, and the term of the
$237,500 grant is February 1, 1995 to January 31, 2005. The Company could be
required to repay 100% of these amounts if during the terms of the
respective grants (i) the Company breaches and fails to cure a material
covenant, (ii) a material representation or warranty of the Company becomes
untrue and is not cured, (iii) the Company becomes bankrupt or insolvent or
liquidates its assets, or (iv) the Company is required to repay the federal
grants to which the CII grants relate. In addition, the Company could be
required to repay up to 200% of the amounts of the CII grants if the Company
ceases to have a "Connecticut presence," during the terms of the
respective grants.
9. Subsequent
Events
Convertible Debt Offering
On February 2, 2000, the Company completed an
offering for $125,000,000 of 6% convertible subordinated debentures due 2007
and received net proceeds of approximately $121,250,000. In addition, on
February 16, 2000, the initial purchasers exercised their option to purchase
an additional $25,000,000 of 6% convertible subordinated debentures due
2007, providing the Company with additional net proceeds of approximately
$24,308,000. The debentures may be resold by the initial purchasers to
qualified institutional buyers under Rule 144A of the Securities Act and to
non-U.S. persons outside the United States under Regulation S under the
Securities Act. The debentures are convertible into the Company's Common
Stock. In addition, prior to February 2, 2003, if the Company's Common Stock
price reaches specified levels, it has the right to redeem the debentures at
a premium by converting the debentures into Common Stock. If the price of
the Company's Common Stock reaches $217.01 for 20 of 30 consecutive trading
days prior to February 2, 2003, it may redeem all of the debentures by
converting them into Common Stock. If the Company was to convert the
debentures prior to February 2, 2003, in addition to the interest accrued
and unpaid, the Company would make an interest make-whole payment equal to
the present value of the aggregate amount of the interest that would
otherwise have accrued from the provisional redemption date through February
2, 2003. The Company has agreed to file a registration statement with the
SEC for the resale of any shares issued as a result of the conversion of the
debentures by May 2000.
Stock Split
On March 2, 2000 the Company announced a
two-for-one split of its Voting and Non-Voting Common Stock payable to its
stockholders in the form of a stock dividend. On March 30, 2000, the
Company's stockholders of record will receive one additional share of its
Voting Common Stock for every share of Voting Common Stock and one
additional share of Non-Voting Common Stock for every share of Non-Voting
Common Stock each stockholder owns at the close of business on March 15,
2000.
As a result of this announcement, a proforma
presentation of basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to the
Company's common stockholders for the years ended December 31, 1997, 1998
and 1999 has been included on the accompanying "Statements of Operations
" (See Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data).
10. Supplemental Disclosure
Summary Selected Quarterly Financial Data
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter Ended
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31
|
|
June 30
|
|
Sept. 30
|
|
Dec. 31
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1999:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
revenues
|
|
$2,671,943
|
|
$3,332,687
|
|
$4,311,737
|
|
$4,787,150
|
Total operating
expenses
|
|
10,181,137
|
|
9,366,833
|
|
9,557,768
|
|
12,847,939
|
Net loss
attributable to common stockholders
|
|
(7,206,927)
|
|
(5,925,143)
|
|
(5,147,393)
|
|
(7,483,297)
|
Net loss per
common share
|
|
(0.54)
|
|
(0.44)
|
|
(0.37)
|
|
(0.44)
|
1998:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
revenues
|
|
$1,989,572
|
|
$2,715,626
|
|
$2,308,015
|
|
$2,243,812
|
Total operating
expenses
|
|
5,193,696
|
|
5,785,697
|
|
7,329,895
|
|
10,808,811
|
Net loss
attributable to common stockholders
|
|
(3,675,948)
|
|
(2,499,017)
|
|
(4,511,685)
|
|
(8,250,270)
|
Net loss per
common share
|
|
(0.40)
|
|
(0.19)
|
|
(0.34)
|
|
(0.62)
|
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS'
REPORT
To the Board of Directors
of CuraGen Corporation
New Haven, Connecticut
We have audited the accompanying balance
sheets of CuraGen Corporation (the "Company") as of December 31,
1998 and 1999, and the related statements of operations, changes in
stockholders' equity (deficiency) and cash flows for each of the three years
in the period ended December 31, 1999. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express
an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with
generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures
in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements
referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial
position of the Company at December 31, 1998 and 1999, and the results of
its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 1999, in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Hartford, Connecticut
January 19, 2000
(except as to Footnote 9, as to which the date is February 16, 2000 with
respect to the Convertible Debt Offering and March 2, 2000 with respect to
the Stock Split.)
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH
ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
Not applicable.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
OF THE REGISTRANT
The response to this item is incorporated by
reference from the discussion responsive thereto under the captions
"Management" and "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership
Reporting Compliance" in our Proxy Statement for the 2000 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION
The response to this item is incorporated by
reference from the discussion responsive thereto under the caption
"Executive Compensation" in our Proxy Statement for the 2000
Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN
BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The response to this item is incorporated by
reference from the discussion responsive thereto under the caption
"Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management"
in our Proxy Statement for the 2000 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED
TRANSACTIONS
The response to this item is incorporated by
reference from the discussion responsive thereto under the captions
"Executive Compensation-Employment Agreements and Other Termination of
Employment Agreements" and "Related Transactions" in our
Proxy Statement for the 2000 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT
SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.
ITEM 14 (a)(1) FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS.
The following Financial Statements are
included in Item 8:
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1998 and
1999
Statements of Operations for the Year Ended
December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999
Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
(Deficiency) for the Year Ended December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999
Statements of Cash Flows for the Year Ended
December 31, 1997, 1998 and 1999
Notes to Financial Statements
Independent Auditors' Report
ITEM 14 (a)(2) FINANCIAL STATEMENT
SCHEDULES.
All schedules are omitted because they are not
applicable or the required information is shown in the financial statements
or the notes thereto.
ITEM 14 (a)(3) EXHIBITS. |
The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of this Annual
Report on Form 10-K. |
|
|
|
EXHIBIT
NO. |
|
DESCRIPTION |
|
|
|
@3.1 |
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of the Registrant (Filed as Exhibit 3.3) |
@3.2 |
|
Amended and Restated Bylaws of the
Registrant (Filed as Exhibit 3.5) |
@4.1 |
|
Article Fourth of the Amended and Restated
Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant (Filed as Exhibit
4.1) |
@4.2 |
|
Form of Common Stock Certificate (Filed as
Exhibit 4.2) |
%10.1 |
|
Memorandum of Lease Agreements dated December 23, 1996, October 27,
1997 and August 31, 1998 (New Haven) between the Registrant and Fusco
Harbour Associates, LLC (Filed as Exhibit 10.1) |
#10.2 |
|
Lease, dated May 29, 1998, (Branford) by
and between T.K.J. Associates, LLC and the Registrant (Filed as Exhibit
10.1) |
@10.3 |
|
Sid Martin Biotechnology Development
Institute Incubator License Agreement, dated July 15, 1997, between the
Registrant and the University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. (Filed
as Exhibit 10.3) |
10.4 |
|
1997 Employee, Director and Consultant
Stock Plan, as amended and restated through May 12, 1999 (Filed as Exhibit
10.4) |
@10.5 |
|
1993 Stock Option and Incentive Award Plan
(Filed as Exhibit 10.5) |
@10.6 |
|
Amendment to 1993 Stock Option and
Incentive Plan, dated May 12, 1997 (Filed as Exhibit 10.6) |
$10.7 |
|
Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option
Agreement with respect to options to purchase an aggregate of
570,000 shares of Common Stock (Filed as
Exhibit 99.3) |
+!10.8 |
|
Agreement, dated March 1999, by and among
the Registrant, F. Hoffmann-LaRoche Ltd., Roche Vitamins, Inc. and
Hoffmann-LaRoche, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1) |
@10.9 |
|
Employment Letter, dated July 18, 1997,
between the Registrant and David M. Wurzer (Filed as Exhibit 10.8)
|
@10.10 |
|
Employment Letter, dated August 21, 1997,
between the Registrant and Peter A. Fuller, Ph.D. (Filed as Exhibit
10.9) |
+@10.11
|
|
Option and Exclusive License Agreement,
dated October 4, 1996, between the Registrant and Wisconsin Alumni
Research Foundation (Filed as Exhibit 10.11) |
+@10.12
|
|
Standard Non-Exclusive License
Agreement--Brumley, dated July 1, 1996, between the Registrant and
Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (Filed as Exhibit 10.12) |
+@10.13
|
|
Collaborative Research and License
Agreement, dated May 16, 1997, between the Registrant and Pioneer Hi-Bred
International, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.13) |
+@10.14
|
|
Research and Option Agreement, dated
October 1, 1997, between the Registrant and Biogen, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit
10.14) |
+@10.15
|
|
Research and Option Agreement, dated
November 20, 1997, between the Registrant and Genentech, Inc. (Filed as
Exhibit 10.15) |
+@10.16
|
|
Notice of Grant Award and Grant Application
to Department of Health and Human Services for Automated Sequencing System
for Human Genome Project, dated March 25, 1995 (Filed as Exhibit
10.16) |
@10.17
|
|
ATP Agreement for Integrated
Microfabricated DNA Analysis Device for Diagnosis of Complex Genetic
Disorders, dated February 1995 (Filed as Exhibit 10.17) |
@10.18
|
|
ATP Agreement for Molecular Recognition
Technology for Precise Design of Protein-Specific Drugs, dated March 2,
1995 (Filed as Exhibit 10.18) |
@10.19
|
|
ATP Agreement for Programmable Nanoscale
Engines for Molecular Separation, dated May 6, 1997 (Filed as Exhibit
10.19) |
@10.20 |
|
Material Transfer and Screening Agreement,
dated January 15, 1998, between the Registrant and ArQule, Inc. (Filed as
Exhibit 10.20) |
+%10.21
|
|
Pharmacogenomics Research and License
Agreement, dated November 18, 1998, by and between Glaxo Wellcome, Inc.
and the Registrant (Filed as Exhibit 10.21) |
+&10.22
|
|
Agreement between COR Therapeutics, Inc.
and the Registrant dated May 1, 1999 (Filed as Exhibit 10.1) |
÷10.23
|
|
Letter Agreement with Pequot Partners Fund,
L.P. and Pequot International Fund, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 10.1)
|
*11.1 |
|
Schedule of Computation of Net Loss Per
Share |
*21.1 |
|
Subsidiaries of the Registrant |
*23.1 |
|
Consent of Deloitte & Touche
LLP |
*27.1 |
|
Financial Data Schedule |
*
|
|
Filed herewith |
@
|
|
Previously filed with the Commission
as Exhibits to, and incorporated herein by reference from, |
|
|
the Registrant's Registration
Statement filed on Form S-1, File No. 333-38051. |
#
|
|
Previously filed with the Commission and
incorporated herein by reference from the Form 10-Q, File No. 000-23223,
for the period ending June 30, 1998. |
%
|
|
Previously filed with the Commission and
incorporated herein by reference from the Form 10-K, File No. 000-23223,
for the year ended December 31, 1998. |
!
|
|
Previously filed with the Commission and
incorporated herein by reference from the Form 10-K, File No.
000-23223, for the year ended March
31, 1999. |
&
|
|
Previously filed with the Commission and
incorporated herein by reference from the Form 10-Q, File No. 000-23223,
for the period ending June 30, 1999. |
÷
|
|
Previously filed with the Commission and
incorporated herein by reference from the Form 10-Q, File No. 000-23223,
for the period ending September 30, 1999. |
$
|
|
Previously filed as Exhibit 99.3 to the
Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-56829, and
incorporated herein by reference. |
=
|
|
Previously filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company's Registration Statement
on Form S-8, File No. 333-89465, and incorporated herein by reference. |
+
|
|
Confidential Treatment has been
granted by the Commission as to certain portions. |
Where a document is incorporated
by reference from a previous filing, the Exhibit number of the document in
that previous filing is indicated in parentheses after the description of
such document.
ITEM 14 (b) REPORTS ON FORM
8-K
The following Reports on Form 8-K were filed
by the Company during the quarter ended December 31, 1999:
September 8, 1999 - Item 5, Other Events -
private placement of 1,500,000 shares of common stock to Pequot Capital
Management, Inc.
December 20, 1999 - Item 5, Other Events -
private placement of 418,995 shares of common stock to, and strategic
alliance with, Abgenix, Inc.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Dated: March 7, 2000 |
|
CuraGen Corporation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By: /s/ David M.
Wurzer
|
|
|
David M. Wurzer |
|
|
Executive Vice-President,
Treasurer |
|
|
and Chief Financial
Officer |
Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has
been signed below by the following persons on behalf of Registrant and in
the capacities indicated on March 7, 2000.
Signature
|
|
Title
|
|
|
|
/s/ Jonathan M.
Rothberg
Jonathan M. Rothberg |
|
Chief Executive Officer,
Chairman
of the Board of Directors and President
(principal executive officer and director) |
|
|
|
/s/ David M. Wurzer
David M. Wurzer |
|
Executive
Vice-President, Treasurer
and Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial and accounting officer) |
|
|
|
/s/ Richard H.
Booth
Richard H. Booth
|
|
Director |
|
|
|
/s/ Vincent T.
DeVita, Jr.
Vincent T. DeVita, Jr
|
|
Director |
|
|
|
/s/ Robert E. Patricelli
Robert E. Patricelli |
|
Director |
|
|
|
/s/ Randy Thurman
Randy Thurman |
|
Director |
EXHIBIT INDEX
EXHIBIT
NUMBER |
|
DESCRIPTION |
|
|
|
11.1 |
|
Schedule of Computation of Net
Loss Per Share |
|
|
|
21.1 |
|
Subsidiaries of the
Registrant |
|
|
|
23.1 |
|
Consent of Deloitte &
Touche LLP |
|
|
|
27.1 |
|
Financial Data
Schedule |