Loans Held-for-Investment | Loans Held-for-Investment Loans held-for-investment are summarized as follows: June 30, December 31, (Dollars in millions) Consumer loans Residential first mortgage $ 2,075 $ 3,100 Second mortgage 127 135 HELOC 346 384 Other 32 31 Total consumer loans 2,580 3,650 Commercial loans Commercial real estate (1) 976 814 Commercial and industrial 615 552 Warehouse lending 1,651 1,336 Total commercial loans 3,242 2,702 Total loans held-for-investment $ 5,822 $ 6,352 (1) Includes $221 million and $188 million , respectively, of commercial owner occupied real estate loans at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 . During the six months ended June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015 , we transferred zero and $27 million , respectively, of loans held-for-sale to loans held-for-investment, based upon a change in our intent. During the six months ended June 30, 2016 , we sold nonperforming, TDR and non-agency loans with unpaid principal balances of $110 million . Upon a change in our intent, the loans were transferred to held-for-sale and subsequently sold resulting in a loss on sale of $2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2016 , which is recorded in net loss on sale of assets on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The loans sold also resulted in a charge-off of $8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2016 . Also, during the six months ended June 30, 2016 , we sold performing residential first mortgage loans with unpaid principal balances of $1.2 billion . Upon a change in our intent, the loans were transferred to held-for-sale and subsequently sold resulting in a gain of $14 million , which is recorded in net gain on loan sales on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the six months ended June 30, 2015 , we sold interest-only residential first mortgage loans with unpaid principal balances totaling $386 million , along with $401 million of nonperforming, TDR and non-agency first mortgage loans. Upon a change in our intent, the loans were transferred to held-for-sale and subsequently sold resulting in a loss on sale of $1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2015 . The loans sold also resulted in a charge-off of $51 million during the six months ended June 30, 2015 . During the six months ended June 30, 2016 , we purchased jumbo residential first mortgage loans with an unpaid principal balance of $150 million with a premium of $1 million . During the six months ended June 30, 2015 , we purchased $197 million of HELOC loans with a premium of $7 million . We have pledged certain loans held-for-investment, loans held-for-sale, and loans with government guarantees to collateralize lines of credit and/or borrowings with the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and the Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , we pledged $4.9 billion and $5.8 billion , respectively. Allowance for Loan Losses We determine the appropriate level of the allowance on at least a quarterly basis. Refer to Note 1, "Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" to the consolidated financial statements in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, for a description of the methodology. The allowance for loan losses, other than for loans that have been identified for individual evaluation for impairment, is determined on a loan pool basis by grouping loan types with common risk characteristics to determine our best estimate of incurred losses. The allowance for loan losses by class of loan are summarized in the following table: Residential First Mortgage (1) Second Mortgage HELOC Other Consumer Commercial Real Estate Commercial and Industrial Warehouse Lending Total (Dollars in millions) Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 Beginning balance allowance for loan losses $ 95 $ 10 $ 20 $ 2 $ 19 $ 10 $ 6 $ 162 Charge-offs (2) (8 ) (1 ) — (1 ) — — — (10 ) Recoveries 1 1 (1 ) — — — — 1 (Benefit) provision (7 ) — 1 — — 1 2 (3 ) Ending balance allowance for loan losses $ 81 $ 10 $ 20 $ 1 $ 19 $ 11 $ 8 $ 150 Three Months Ended June 30, 2015 Beginning balance allowance for loan losses $ 188 $ 12 $ 21 $ — $ 16 $ 12 $ 4 $ 253 Charge-offs (2) (19 ) (1 ) — (1 ) — — — (21 ) Recoveries 1 1 — 1 — — — 3 (Benefit) provision (19 ) 2 4 1 (1 ) — — (13 ) Ending balance allowance for loan losses $ 151 $ 14 $ 25 $ 1 $ 15 $ 12 $ 4 $ 222 Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Beginning balance allowance for loan losses $ 116 $ 11 $ 21 $ 2 $ 18 $ 13 $ 6 $ 187 Charge-offs (2) (19 ) (2 ) (1 ) (2 ) — — — (24 ) Recoveries 1 1 — 1 — — — 3 Provision (benefit) (17 ) — — — 1 (2 ) 2 (16 ) Ending balance allowance for loan losses $ 81 $ 10 $ 20 $ 1 $ 19 $ 11 $ 8 $ 150 Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 Beginning balance allowance for loan losses $ 234 $ 12 $ 19 $ 1 $ 17 $ 11 $ 3 $ 297 Charge-offs (2) (60 ) (2 ) (1 ) (1 ) — — — (64 ) Recoveries 2 1 — 1 2 — — 6 Provision (benefit) (25 ) 3 7 — (4 ) 1 1 (17 ) Ending balance allowance for loan losses $ 151 $ 14 $ 25 $ 1 $ 15 $ 12 $ 4 $ 222 (1) Includes allowance and charge-offs related to loans with government guarantees. (2) Includes charge-offs of $2 million and $15 million related to the sale or transfer of loans during the three months ended June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015 , respectively, and $8 million and $51 million related to the sale of loans during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015 , respectively. Also includes charge-offs related to loans with government guarantees of $4 million and $7 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , respectively. The loans held-for-investment and allowance for loan losses by class of loan is summarized in the following table: Residential First Mortgage (1) Second Mortgage HELOC Other Consumer Commercial Real Estate Commercial and Industrial Warehouse Lending Total (Dollars in millions) June 30, 2016 Loans held-for-investment Individually evaluated $ 43 $ 27 $ 6 $ — $ — $ 1 $ — $ 77 Collectively evaluated (2) 2,027 61 296 32 976 614 1,651 5,657 Total loans $ 2,070 $ 88 $ 302 $ 32 $ 976 $ 615 $ 1,651 $ 5,734 Allowance for loan losses Individually evaluated $ 7 $ 6 $ 3 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 16 Collectively evaluated (2) 74 4 17 1 19 11 8 134 Total allowance for loan losses $ 81 $ 10 $ 20 $ 1 $ 19 $ 11 $ 8 $ 150 December 31, 2015 Loans held-for-investment Individually evaluated $ 87 $ 28 $ 3 $ — $ — $ 2 $ — $ 120 Collectively evaluated (2) 3,007 65 318 31 814 550 1,336 6,121 Total loans $ 3,094 $ 93 $ 321 $ 31 $ 814 $ 552 $ 1,336 $ 6,241 Allowance for loan losses Individually evaluated $ 12 $ 6 $ 1 $ 1 $ — $ — $ — $ 20 Collectively evaluated (2) 104 5 20 1 18 13 6 167 Total allowance for loan losses $ 116 $ 11 $ 21 $ 2 $ 18 $ 13 $ 6 $ 187 (1) Includes allowance related to loans with government guarantees. (2) Excludes loans carried under the fair value option. The following table sets forth the loans held-for-investment aging analysis as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , of past due and current loans: 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Past Due (1) Total Past Due Current Total Investment Loans (Dollars in millions) June 30, 2016 Consumer loans Residential first mortgage $ 3 $ 1 $ 32 $ 36 $ 2,039 $ 2,075 Second mortgage — — 3 3 124 127 HELOC 2 1 9 12 334 346 Other — — — — 32 32 Total consumer loans 5 2 44 51 2,529 2,580 Commercial loans Commercial real estate — — — — 976 976 Commercial and industrial — — — — 615 615 Warehouse lending — — — — 1,651 1,651 Total commercial loans — — — — 3,242 3,242 Total loans (2) $ 5 $ 2 $ 44 $ 51 $ 5,771 $ 5,822 December 31, 2015 Consumer loans Residential first mortgage $ 7 $ 3 $ 53 $ 63 $ 3,037 $ 3,100 Second mortgage — — 2 2 133 135 HELOC 2 1 9 12 372 384 Other 1 — — 1 30 31 Total consumer loans 10 4 64 78 3,572 3,650 Commercial loans Commercial real estate — — — — 814 814 Commercial and industrial — — 2 2 550 552 Warehouse lending — — — — 1,336 1,336 Total commercial loans — — 2 2 2,700 2,702 Total loans (2) $ 10 $ 4 $ 66 $ 80 $ 6,272 $ 6,352 (1) Includes loans that are less than 90 days past due, which have been placed on nonaccrual. (2) Includes $10 million of loans 90 days or greater past due, accounted for under the fair value option at both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 . For all classes within the consumer and commercial loan portfolio, loans are placed on nonaccrual status when any portion of principal or interest is 90 days past due (or are determined to be nonperforming), or earlier when we become aware of information indicating that collection of principal and interest is in doubt. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, the accrued interest income is reversed. Loans return to accrual status when principal and interest become current and are anticipated to be fully collectible. Interest income is recognized on nonaccrual loans using a cash basis method. Interest that would have been accrued on impaired loans totaled less than $1 million and $1 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 , respectively, and $1 million and $3 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 , respectively. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , we had no loans 90 days past due and still accruing. Troubled Debt Restructuring We may modify certain loans in both consumer and commercial loan portfolios to retain customers or to maximize collection of the outstanding loan balance. We have programs designed to assist borrowers by extending payment dates or reducing the borrower's contractual payments. All loan modifications are made on a case-by-case basis. Our standards relating to loan modifications consider, among other factors, minimum verified income requirements, cash flow analysis, and collateral valuations. TDRs result in those instances in which a borrower demonstrates financial difficulty and for which a concession has been granted, which includes reductions of interest rate, extensions of amortization period, principal and/or interest forgiveness and other actions intended to minimize the economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral. These loans are classified as nonperforming TDRs if the loan was nonperforming prior to the restructuring, or based upon the results of a contemporaneous credit evaluation. Such loans will continue on nonaccrual status until the borrower has established a willingness and ability to make the restructured payments for at least six months, after which they will begin to accrue interest. The following table provides a summary of TDRs outstanding by type and performing status: TDRs Performing Nonperforming Total June 30, 2016 (Dollars in millions) Consumer loans Residential first mortgage $ 21 $ 13 $ 34 Second mortgage 30 1 31 HELOC 21 7 28 Total consumer loans 72 21 93 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 1 — 1 Total commercial loans 1 — 1 Total TDRs (1)(2) $ 73 $ 21 $ 94 December 31, 2015 Consumer loans Residential first mortgage $ 49 $ 27 $ 76 Second mortgage 32 1 33 HELOC 20 7 27 Total TDRs (1)(2) $ 101 $ 35 $ 136 (1) The allowance for loan losses on consumer TDR loans totaled $12 million and $15 million at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. (2) Includes $30 million and $32 million of TDR loans accounted for under the fair value option at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 , respectively. Some loan modifications classified as TDRs may not ultimately result in the full collection of principal and interest, as modified, but may give rise to potential incremental losses. We measure impairments using a discounted cash flow method for performing TDRs and measure impairment based on collateral values for re-defaulted TDRs. The following table provides a summary of newly modified TDRs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 . New TDRs Number of Accounts Pre-Modification Unpaid Principal Balance Post-Modification Unpaid Principal Balance (1) Increase in Allowance at Modification Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 (Dollars in millions) Residential first mortgages 3 $ 1 $ 1 $ — Second mortgages 5 — — — HELOC (2)(3) 20 2 2 — Total TDR loans 28 $ 3 $ 3 $ — Three Months Ended June 30, 2015 Residential first mortgages 77 $ 23 $ 22 $ (2 ) Second mortgages 35 1 1 — HELOC (2) 122 8 7 — Other consumer 3 — — — Total TDR loans 237 $ 32 $ 30 $ (2 ) Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Residential first mortgages 16 $ 3 $ 4 $ — Second mortgages 26 1 1 — HELOC (2)(3) 85 6 5 — Commercial and industrial 1 2 1 — Total TDR loans 128 $ 12 $ 11 $ — Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 Residential first mortgages 191 $ 53 $ 52 $ (1 ) Second mortgages 68 3 2 — HELOC (2)(3) 158 8 7 — Other consumer 3 — — — Total TDR loans 420 $ 64 $ 61 $ (1 ) (1) Post-modification balances include past due amounts that are capitalized at modification date. (2) HELOC post-modification unpaid principal balance reflects write downs. (3) Includes loans carried at the fair value option. The following table provides a summary of TDR loans that were modified within the previous 12 months, which subsequently defaulted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 . All TDR classes within consumer and commercial loan portfolios are considered subsequently defaulted when they are greater than 90 days past due. TDRs that were modified in the previous 12 months, which have subsequently defaulted Number of Accounts Unpaid Principal Balance Increase in Allowance at Subsequent Default Three Months Ended June 30, 2015 (Dollars in millions) Second mortgages 1 $ — $ — Total TDR loans 1 $ — $ — Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Residential first mortgages 1 $ — $ — HELOC (1) 4 — — Total TDR loans 5 $ — $ — Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 Second mortgages 1 $ — $ — Total TDR loans 1 $ — $ — (1) HELOC post-modification unpaid principal balance reflects write downs. Impaired Loans Loans are considered impaired if it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement or when any portion of principal or interest is 90 days past due. The following table presents individually evaluated impaired loans and the associated allowance: June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance (Dollars in millions) With no related allowance recorded Consumer loans Residential first mortgage loans $ 2 $ 2 $ — $ 20 $ 20 $ — Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 1 1 — 5 2 — $ 3 $ 3 $ — $ 25 $ 22 $ — With an allowance recorded Consumer loans Residential first mortgage $ 41 $ 41 $ 6 $ 65 $ 67 $ 12 Second mortgage 26 27 7 28 28 6 HELOC 6 6 3 3 3 1 Other consumer — — — — — 1 $ 73 $ 74 $ 16 $ 96 $ 98 $ 20 Total Consumer loans Residential first mortgage $ 43 $ 43 $ 6 $ 85 $ 87 $ 12 Second mortgage 26 27 7 28 28 6 HELOC 6 6 3 3 3 1 Other consumer — — — — — 1 Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 1 1 — 5 2 — Total impaired loans $ 76 $ 77 $ 16 $ 121 $ 120 $ 20 The following table presents average impaired loans and the interest income recognized: Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 2015 2016 2015 Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized (Dollars in millions) Consumer loans Residential first mortgage $ 47 $ — $ 116 $ 1 $ 60 $ 1 $ 210 $ 2 Second mortgage 27 1 31 — 27 1 31 1 HELOC 5 — 2 — 5 — 2 — Commercial loans Commercial and industrial 1 — — — 3 — — — Total impaired loans $ 80 $ 1 $ 149 $ 1 $ 95 $ 2 $ 243 $ 3 Credit Quality We utilize an internal risk rating system in accordance with the Rating Credit Risk booklet of the Comptroller's Handbook, April 2011 and the Uniform Retail Credit classification and Account Management Policy issued June 20, 2000 by the Federal Financial Institution Examination Council ("FFIEC") which is applied to all consumer and commercial loans. Descriptions of our internal risk ratings as they relate to credit quality follow the ratings used by the U.S. bank regulatory agencies as listed below. Pass. Pass assets are not impaired nor do they have any known deficiencies that could impact the quality of the asset. Watch. Watch assets are defined as pass rated assets that exhibit elevated risk characteristics or other factors that deserve management’s close attention and increased monitoring. However, the asset does not exhibit a potential or well-defined weakness that would warrant a downgrade to criticized or adverse classification. Special mention. Assets identified as special mention possess credit deficiencies or potential weaknesses deserving management's close attention. Special mention assets have a potential weakness or pose an unwarranted financial risk that, if not corrected, could weaken the assets and increase risk in the future. Special mention assets are criticized, but do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Substandard . Assets identified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. For HELOC loans and other consumer loans, we evaluate credit quality based on the aging and status of payment activity and any other known credit characteristics that call into question full repayment of the asset. Nonperforming loans are classified as either substandard, doubtful or loss. Doubtful . An asset classified as doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. A doubtful asset has a high probability of total or substantial loss, but because of specific pending events that may strengthen the asset, its classification as loss is deferred. Doubtful borrowers are usually in default, lack adequate liquidity or capital, and lack the resources necessary to remain an operating entity. Pending events can include mergers, acquisitions, liquidations, capital injections, the perfection of liens on additional collateral, the valuation of collateral, and refinancing. Generally, pending events should be resolved within a relatively short period and the ratings will be adjusted based on the new information. Because of high probability of loss, non-accrual accounting treatment is required for doubtful assets. Loss. An asset classified as loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that the continuance as bankable asset is not warranted. This classification does not mean that an asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but, rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may be affected in the future. Commercial Loans Management conducts periodic examinations which serve as an independent verification of the accuracy of the ratings assigned. Loan grades are based on different factors within the borrowing relationship: entity sales, debt service coverage, debt/total net worth, liquidity, balance sheet and income statement trends, management experience, business stability, financing structure of the deal, and financial reporting requirements. The underlying collateral is also rated based on the specific type of collateral and corresponding LTV. The combination of the borrower and collateral risk ratings result in the final rating for the borrowing relationship. Consumer Loans Consumer loans consist of open and closed end loans extended to individuals for household, family, and other personal expenditures, and includes consumer loans, loans to individuals secured by their personal residence, including first mortgage, home equity, and home improvement loans. Because consumer loans are usually relatively small-balance, homogeneous exposures, consumer loans are rated primarily on payment performance. Payment performance is a proxy for the strength of repayment capacity and loans are generally classified based on their payment status rather than by an individual review of each loan. In accordance with regulatory guidance, we assign risk ratings to consumer loans in the following manner: • Consumer loans are classified as Watch once the loan becomes 60 days past due. • Open and closed-end consumer loans 90 days or more past due are classified Substandard. Commercial Credit Loans Commercial Real Estate Commercial and Industrial Warehouse Total Commercial June 30, 2016 (Dollars in millions) Grade Pass $ 934 $ 562 $ 1,505 $ 3,001 Watch 38 20 146 204 Special mention 3 32 — 35 Substandard 1 1 — 2 Total loans $ 976 $ 615 $ 1,651 $ 3,242 December 31, 2015 Pass $ 766 $ 492 $ 1,181 $ 2,439 Watch 42 30 155 227 Special mention 2 21 — 23 Substandard 4 9 — 13 Total loans $ 814 $ 552 $ 1,336 $ 2,702 Consumer Credit Loans Residential First Mortgage Second Mortgage HELOC Other Consumer Total June 30, 2016 (Dollars in millions) Grade Pass $ 2,019 $ 93 $ 315 $ 32 $ 2,459 Watch 21 31 22 — 74 Substandard 35 3 9 — 47 Total loans $ 2,075 $ 127 $ 346 $ 32 $ 2,580 December 31, 2015 Pass $ 2,993 $ 101 $ 353 $ 31 $ 3,478 Watch 49 32 22 — 103 Substandard 58 2 9 — 69 Total loans $ 3,100 $ 135 $ 384 $ 31 $ 3,650 |