The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes thereto included elsewhere herein and with our 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 28, 2006. Unless otherwise noted, all dollar amounts are in millions.
Autoliv is one of the world's leading suppliers of automotive occupant safety restraint systems with a broad range of product offerings including modules and components for passenger and driver-side airbags, side-impact airbag protection systems, seatbelts, steering wheels, safety electronics, safety seats and other safety systems and products. Autoliv has production facilities in 30 countries and counts the world's largest car manufacturers among its customers.
Autoliv is a Delaware holding corporation with principal executive offices in Stockholm, Sweden, which owns two principal subsidiaries, Autoliv AB ("AAB" or "Autoliv AB") and Autoliv ASP, Inc.("ASP"). AAB, a Swedish corporation, is a leading developer, manufacturer and supplier to the automotive industry of car occupant restraint systems. Starting with seatbelts in 1956, AAB expanded its product lines to include seatbelt pretensioners (1989), frontal airbags (1991), side-impact airbags (1994), steering wheels (1995) and seat sub-systems (1996). ASP, an Indiana corporation, pioneered airbag technology in 1968 and has since grown into one of the world's leading producers of airbag modules and inflators. ASP designs, develops and manufactures airbag inflators, modules and airbag cushions, seatbelts and steering wheels. It sells inflators and modules for use in driver, passenger, side-impact and knee bolster airbag systems for worldwide automotive markets.
Shares of Autoliv common stock are traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "ALV" and Swedish Depositary Receipts representing shares of Autoliv common stock trade on the OM Stockholm Stock Exchange under the symbol "ALIV". Options in Autoliv shares are traded in Philadelphia and AMSE under the symbol "ALV".
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2006 COMPARED WITH THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2005
Market overview
During the three-month period ending March 31, 2006, light vehicle production in the Triad (i.e. Europe, North America and Japan) is estimated to have increased by almost 4% compared to the same quarter 2005. This was due to a sharp increase in Eastern Europe as well as to Asian manufacturers expanding their production in North America.
InEurope, (including Eastern Europe), where Autoliv generates more than half of its revenues, light vehicle production rose by 3% due to an increase of 18% in Eastern Europe. In Western Europe, light vehicle production was flat with an unfavorable model mix for Autoliv, which was worse than assumed in the first quarter forecast. The effect of the negative model mix was exacerbated by the phasing-out of production of certain old vehicle models in preparation of the launch of the next generation of these vehicle models.
InNorth America, which accounts for a quarter of Autoliv's consolidated revenues, light vehicle production increased by nearly 5%, which was more than twice as much as anticipated. GM, Ford and Chrysler ("the Big 3") increased their production by 2%, and the Asian and European vehicle manufacturers increased their production in North America by 11%, almost twice as much as expected. Since Autoliv has a higher sales value per vehicle with the Asian and European manufacturers than with an average Big-3 vehicle, the changes in the North American vehicle build were favorable for the Company.
InJapan, which accounts for nearly one tenth of Autoliv's consolidated sales, light vehicle production increased by 3%.
Autoliv's market is driven not only by vehicle production but also by the fact that new vehicle models are being equipped with more airbags and other safety systems. It is therefore important as a new driver of safety content value per vehicle that the U.S. Congress, later this spring, adopts the proposed new regulation on side-impact crash testing.
Sales for the first quarter Consolidated Sales
During the quarter, Autoliv's consolidated net sales declined by just over 7% to $1,568 million compared to the first quarter of 2005. Excluding currency effects of more than 5%, sales decreased organically (i.e. sales excluding translation currency effects, and acquisitions/divestitures) by less than 2%. This decline was mainly due to the negative vehicle model mix in European light vehicle production.
Sales grew organically in all regions except Europe. This growth reflects the introduction of curtain airbags and other side airbags in an increasing number of new vehicle models as well as Autoliv's growing share of the safety electronics market. The growth also reflects Autoliv's strong performance in the Rest of the World ("RoW") where both vehicle production and the safety content per vehicle are increasing. These favorable effects, however, were not enough to offset the negative effects from changes in European vehicle production, continued pricing pressure from customers, strong competition in frontal airbags and the phase-out of unprofitable airbag inflators.
Sales by Product
Sales of airbag products (including steering wheels) decreased by 7% to $1,039 million. Excluding currency effects of 5%, organic sales declined by 2% as a result of the unfavorable vehicle model mix in Europe, the expiration of certain frontal airbag contracts and the phase-out of unprofitable airbag inflator designs. Sales of curtain airbags for head protection (organic sales up 9%) and of safety electronics (up 6%) continued to perform well, despite the negative vehicle model mix in the Company's most important market, i.e. Western Europe.
Sales of seatbelt products (including seat sub-systems) declined by 8% to $529 million. Currency effects reduced sales by 6%. The decline of 2% in organic sales was due to the unfavorable vehicle model mix in Europe and weak demand for non-core seat component products.
Sales by Region
Reported sales from Autoliv'sEuropean companies dropped by 15% to $822 million and organic sales by 7% (i.e. excluding currency effects of 8%). Organic sales were affected by the negative model mix in European light vehicle production and by the expiration of certain frontal airbag contracts. European sales were also reduced by 1% by the transfer of certain Honda business to Japan. These unfavorable effects were partially offset by increased curtain airbag sales to, for instance, Audi's Pikes Peak, Citroën's C6, Opel's Zafira, Skoda's Octavia, Toyota's Corolla and Yaris. The up-coming launch of Peugeot's 207 model also started to add sales toward the end of the quarter.
Sales from Autoliv'sNorth American companies increased by almost 2% to $450 million due to strengthening demand for curtain airbags (up 35%) and market share gains in safety electronics (up 34%). Sales of side airbags for chest protection and steering wheels also grew, while sales were adversely impacted by fierce competition in frontal airbags and by continued phase-out of unprofitable airbag inflators. The strong sales performance in curtain airbags was driven by new business for Chrysler's Dodge Caliber and the ramp-up of production of Buick's LaCrosse, Honda's Pilot, Hyundai's Sonata and Volkswagen's Jetta.
Sales from Autoliv's companies inJapan declined by 3% to $146 million due to negative currency effects of 10%. The organic growth of 7% was impacted by the transfer of certain Honda business from Europe to Japan, which added 5% to sales. Organic sales growth occurred in all product lines except seatbelts, spearheaded by a 32% surge in organic sales of curtain airbags. Sales were driven by strong demand for mainly Toyota's Ryu and Rav4.
Sales from Autoliv companies in theRest of the World (RoW) rose by 15% to $150 million. Excluding currency effects of 2%, sales grew organically by 13%. All product areas contributed to the organic sales growth which was especially strong in passenger airbags (up 22%), curtain airbags (up 51%) and safety electronics (up 77%). The demand was particularly strong in China and Korea, partially as a result of new business for Kia's Optima and Sedona.
Earnings for the Three-Month Period Ended March 31, 2006
The significant negative effect on sales of currency exchange rate changes has also had a major impact on the Company's reported profits. However, excluding the currency effects, last year's favorable profit trend continued, driven by the Company's systematic and ceaseless cost-reduction activities which have included actions such as plant consolidations, moving production to low-cost countries, consolidation of the supplier base and re-designing of products. The steady underlying profit trend also reflects Autoliv's leadership position in newer, expansive segments of the market (such as curtain airbags), the Company's consistent phase-out of unprofitable or low-margin products (such as certain inflators and seat components) as well as the Company's early and aggressive expansion in Asia. All these measures taken by the Company have made it possible to manage the fierce pricing pressure in the automotive industry.
During the quarter, reported gross profit decreased by 3% or $9 million to $330 million. The decrease was, however, entirely due to currency effects which reduced gross profit by $22 million. Gross margin improved to 21.0% from 20.0% during the first quarter 2005 partly due to a $6 million capital gain from the sale of the recently closed airbag assembly facility in the U.K. Excluding this capital gain, gross margin in the first quarter improved to 20.7%. The improvement was mainly the result of substantial reductions in labor costs, primarily reflecting the Company's comprehensive moves of production to low cost countries over the last several years (see also the "Headcount" section below). However, the margin improvement also reflects the temporary slow-down in new vehicle model launches which resulted in unusually low start-up costs for Autoliv in areas such as over-time, freight and scrap.
Operating income rose by 9% to $141 million - despite a 7% unfavorable currency effect - and operating margin rose to 9.0% from 7.6%. Last year, operating income was reduced by $11 million for the plant closure in the UK. This year, the above-mentioned capital gain improved operating margin by 0.4 percentage points. Excluding these effects, operating margin rose from 8.3% to 8.6% despite the relatively sharp decline in reported sales. The operating margin increase was due to the improvement in gross margin.
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by 5% but increased in relation to sales to 5.2% from 5.1% due to the relatively sharp drop in reported sales. The effect of FAS-123(R) was less than 0.1 percentage points. This new accounting statement requires companies to expense share-based payments to employees in the financial statements based on their fair market value.
Income before taxes grew by 8% to $133 million. Net interest expense stood unchanged despite a 40% increase in the average net debt from the first quarter of 2005. The adverse effect of higher debt was offset by interest rate savings of $6 million from the Jobs Creation Act transactions that Autoliv undertook towards the end of 2005.
Net income rose by 22% to $95 million as a result of the improved operating income and a lower effective tax rate. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2006 was 26.2%. This compares with 33.7% in the first quarter of 2005 and a previously forecasted rate of 33% for the full year 2006. During the quarter, several subsidiaries completed studies of R&D tax credit eligibility and concluded that they are able to substantially increase the benefit they claim for these credits for both 2005 and 2006. The 2005 catch-up effect was recorded entirely in the quarter. Excluding this catch-up effect, the effective rate for the quarter would have been approximately 32%. Excluding the R&D catch-up effect, the effective rate for the full year 2006 is now expected to be around 32%.
Earnings per share rose by 35% to $1.13 from 84 cents in the first quarter 2005. Of this increase of 29 cents in earnings per share, 12 cents was due to a lower effective tax rate and 7 cents to the stock repurchase program. (The average number of shares outstanding decreased by 9% to 84.0 million). Currency effects had a 9-cent negative effect.
Reported return on capital employed grew to 18% from 16% and reported return on equity rose to 16% from 12%.
LIQUIDITY AND SOURCES OF CAPITAL
Operations continued to generate positive cash flow. Before investing activities, cash flow amounted to $139 million and to $76 million after investing activities, compared to $90 million and $12 million, respectively, in the first quarter 2005. Cash flow after investing activities was boosted by $23 million primarily from the sale of the former airbag assembly facility in the U.K.
Capital expenditures, net, decreased by 22% or $17 million to $61 million due to $23 million sales of assets. Depreciation and amortization amounted to $73 million.
Autoliv continues to meet its target that working capital should not exceed 10% of annual sales, although working capital did increase to 9.1% of sales at the end of the quarter from 8.3% at the beginning and from 8.5% at the end of the first quarter 2005.
In relation to sales days, receivables stood at 75 days both during the quarter and a year ago. Days inventory was 30, a decline from 34 days at the end of the previous quarter and an increase from 29 days a year ago.
During the quarter, net debt increased by $18 million to $895 million, while net debt to capitalization stood unchanged at 27% despite share repurchases and cash dividend payments totaling $83 million. Compared to a year ago, net debt rose by $244 million and net debt to capitalization by 7 percentage points from 20%. Gross debt increased during the quarter by $416 million to $1,312 million due to stock repurchases, dividends paid and the temporary effects of the Jobs Creation Act transactions.
Autoliv's policy is to maintain a net debt position that is significantly below 3.0 times EBITDA (Earnings before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) and an interest coverage ratio significantly above 2.75 times. On March 31, these ratios were 1.1 and 14.5, respectively. At the end of the first quarter 2005, these ratios were 0.9 and 14.8, respectively.
During the quarter, equity decreased by $2 million to $2,314 million or to $27.91 per share. Equity increased by $95 million from net income, by $7 million from the exercise of stock options and by $6 million from favorable currency effects. Equity decreased by $56 million from share repurchases, $27 million from accrued dividends and by $27 million from dividend payments.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a material current or future effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
HEADCOUNT
Total headcount (employees plus temporary hourly workers) increased by 450 during the quarter to 39,300 from an unseasonably low level at the beginning of the quarter due to extended shutdowns of many car plants over the holiday season. However, in high-labor-cost countries headcount continued to decline. The decline was almost 300, while headcount in low-labor-cost countries increased by more than 700.
As a consequence, 41% of headcount (and 44% of permanent employees excluding temporaries) are currently in low-labor-cost countries compared to 37% (and 40%, respectively) a year ago and less than 10% seven years ago, when the reallocation of production started to accelerate. Of total headcount, 13% are temporary workers (primarily in high-labor-cost countries).
PROSPECTS
During the second quarter of 2006, light vehicle production in the Triad is expected to decline by 2% primarily due to an 8% drop in Western Europe where Autoliv generates more than 50% of revenues. In addition, the European vehicle model mix is expected to continue to be unfavorable for Autoliv. In North America light vehicle production is expected to decrease by slightly more than 1% and increase in Japan by 3%. Assuming that the current exchange rates prevail, sales are expected to be negatively affected by 3% from currency effects. Based on these assumptions, Autoliv's sales are expected to decline by 8% in the second quarter, and operating margin may approach the 8.7% level achieved during the same quarter 2005. The effective tax rate for the second quarter is forecasted at approximately 32%.
Despite the fact that sales are now expected to decline more in the second quarter than anticipated earlier, Autoliv maintains its guidelines for the full year 2006 that organic sales (i.e. sales excluding currency effects) will be relatively flat. Although most of Autoliv's purchased components do not contain zinc and aluminum, the dramatic price escalations on these raw materials may start to have an impact on the Company's component costs. However, we currently believe that Autoliv should be able to offset these cost increases in 2006 with lower prices on other materials.
OTHER RECENT EVENTS
Launches in the 1st quarter
- BMW's 5- and 6-series: Night Vision System
- BMW's new Z4 coupé: Safety electronics
- Fiat's new Ducato: Seatbelts
- Ford's new Galaxy: Passenger airbag, knee airbag, side airbags, Inflatable Curtains and seatbelts
- Ford's new S-max: Passenger airbag, knee airbag, side airbags, Inflatable Curtains and seatbelts
- Jaguar's new XK: Hood lifters for pedestrian protection
- Kia's new Optima: Driver airbag and passenger airbag, side airbags, Inflatable Curtains and safety electronics
- Toyota's new FJ Cruiser: Passenger airbag and Inflatable Curtains
- Toyota's new Rav4: Inflatable Curtains
- Toyota's new Yaris: Inflatable Curtains
- Volkswagen's new Eos: Passenger airbag
- Volvo's new S80: Passenger airbag, side airbags, Inflatable Curtains, seatbelts and integrated telephone
Other Significant Events- During the first quarter, Autoliv bought back 1,050,000 shares of Company stock for $56 million at an average price of $53.18 per share. During the last twelve months, the Company has repurchased 8.8 million shares for $399 million (at an average price of $45.40 per share). In addition, Autoliv has paid quarterly dividends of $109 million during the past twelve months.
Since the repurchasing program was adopted in 2000, the Company has bought back 21 million shares for $754 million at an average price of $35.76 per share compared to the share price at the end of the quarter of $56.58. This 58% increase in the potential market value of the investment compares favorably with the 20% reduction in the number of shares outstanding due to the share repurchases. Under the existing authorizations, an additional 9 million shares can be repurchased. - Autoliv has opened a new plant in Shanghai, which is the Company's eighth plant in China and the Company's fifth manufacturing facility globally for safety electronics. The new unit will have the capacity to increase Autoliv's sales of electronic control units for airbags by nearly 20% when the current phase is completed in a few years. The investment, which is expected to total $20 million, includes a technical department for engineering support to the expanding Chinese vehicle industry.
- Autoliv has recently received a record-breaking number of customer awards for its performance during 2005. From Toyota, Autoliv received a Value Improvement Award for "active quality management efforts" and Autoliv's "contribution to the quality of Toyota's vehicles". Toyota also honored Autoliv's European organization with two Achievement Awards in project management and cost management for the smooth closure of Autoliv's U.K. airbag assembly plant and the seamless move of this production to Turkey and other countries. Autoliv Turkey also got a separate award for Quality from Toyota.
In February, Autoliv received Honda's Supplier of Excellence Award. This was in recognition of "persistent implementation of value engineering/value added activities". In January, Autoliv was honored with GM's Outstanding Performance Award for "performance in quality, cost, launch and delivery, as well as contributions to production and concept vehicles". - Autoliv's U.S. facility in Promontory, Utah, which manufactures propellants for airbag inflators, has been awarded the Shingo Prize for Excellence in Manufacturing, which is "the Nobel Prize in Manufacturing" according to Business Week magazine.
DIVIDEND
The Company has declared a quarterly dividend of 32 cents per share which will be paid on June 1 to shareholders of record as of May 4, 2006. The ex-date, when the stock trades without the right to the dividend, is May 2, 2006.
NEXT REPORT
Autoliv intends to publish the quarterly report for the second quarter on Wednesday (Please note: not Thursday) July 26, 2006.
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
The Annual General Meeting of Shareholders will be held in Chicago on May 4, 2006. Shareholders of record at the close of business on March 7 are entitled to be present and vote at the Meeting.
Notice of the General Meeting, the Annual Report, the Proxy Statement and the Proxy Card were mailed in March to Autoliv's shareholders.
Shareholders are urged to return their proxy cards whether or not they plan to attend the Meeting.
CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS
As of March 31, 2006, our future contractual obligations have not changed significantly from the amounts reported within our 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
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