Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses | Note 5 – Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses The Company makes residential mortgage, commercial and consumer loans to customers primarily in Talbot County, Queen Anne’s County, Kent County, Caroline County, Dorchester County, Wicomico County, Baltimore County and Howard County in Maryland, Kent County, Delaware and Accomack County, Virginia. The following table provides information about the principal classes of the loan portfolio at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. (Dollars in thousands) September 30, 2020 December 31, 2019 Construction $ 106,040 $ 99,829 Residential real estate 442,140 442,506 Commercial real estate 629,641 586,562 Commercial 218,596 102,020 Consumer 27,548 17,737 Total loans 1,423,965 1,248,654 Allowance for credit losses (12,777) (10,507) Total loans, net $ 1,411,188 $ 1,238,147 Loans are stated at their principal amount outstanding net of any purchase premiums/discounts, deferred fees and costs. Loans included deferred fees, net of costs, of $12 thousand and discounts on acquired loans of $825 thousand at September 30, 2020. Loans included deferred costs, net of deferred fees, of $1.8 million and discounts on acquired loans of $1.1 million at December 31, 2019. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, included in total loans were $60.2 million and $79.2 million in loans, respectively, acquired as part of the NWBI branch acquisition in 2017. Interest income on loans is accrued at the contractual rate based on the principal amount outstanding. Fees charged and costs capitalized for originating loans are being amortized substantially on the interest method over the term of the loan. A loan is placed on nonaccrual (i.e., interest income is no longer accrued) when it is specifically determined to be impaired or when principal or interest is delinquent for 90 days or more, unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. Any unpaid interest previously accrued on those loans is reversed from income. Interest payments received on nonaccrual loans are applied as a reduction of the loan principal balance unless collectability of the principal amount is reasonably assured, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. Loans are returned to accrual status when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. A loan is considered impaired if it is probable that the Company will not collect all principal and interest payments according to the loan’s contractual terms when due. An impaired loan may show deficiencies in the borrower’s overall financial condition, payment history, support available from financial guarantors and/or the fair market value of collateral. The impairment of a loan is measured at the present value of expected future cash flows using the loan’s effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Generally, the Company measures impairment on such loans by reference to the fair value of the collateral. Once the amount of impairment has been determined, the uncollectible portion is charged off. Loan payments received on nonaccrual impaired loans are generally applied to the outstanding principal balance. In certain circumstances, income may be recognized on a cash basis. Generally, interest income is not recognized on impaired loans unless the likelihood of further loss is remote. The allowance for credit losses may include specific reserves related to impaired loans. Specific reserves remain until charge offs are made. Impaired loans do not include groups of smaller balance homogenous loans such as residential mortgage and consumer installment loans that are evaluated collectively for impairment. Reserves for probable credit losses related to these loans are based on historical loss ratios and are included in the formula portion of the allowance for credit losses. A loan is considered a TDR if a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and a creditor has granted a concession. Concessions may include interest rate reductions or below market interest rates, principal forgiveness, restructuring amortization schedules and other actions intended to minimize potential losses. Loans are identified to be restructured when signs of impairment arise such as borrower interest rate reduction request, slowness to pay, or when an inability to repay becomes evident. The terms being offered are evaluated to determine if they are more liberal than those that would be indicated by policy or industry standards for similar, untroubled credits. In those situations where the terms or the interest rates are considered to be more favorable than industry standards or the Bank’s current underwriting guidelines the loan is classified as a TDR. All loans designated as TDRs are considered impaired loans and may be on either accrual or nonaccrual status. In instances where the loan has been placed on nonaccrual status, six consecutive months of timely payments are required prior to returning the loan to accrual status. All loans classified as TDRs which are restructured and accrue interest under revised terms require a full and comprehensive review of the borrower’s financial condition, capacity for repayment, realistic assessment of collateral values, and the assessment of risk entered into any workout agreement. Current financial information on the borrower, guarantor, and underlying collateral is analyzed to determine if it supports the ultimate collection of principal and interest. For commercial loans, the cash flows are analyzed, both for the underlying project and globally. For consumer loans, updated salary, credit history and cash flow information is obtained. Current market conditions are also considered. Following a full analysis, the determination of the appropriate loan structure is made. In the normal course of banking business, risks related to specific loan categories are as follows: Construction loans – Construction loans are offered primarily to builders and individuals to finance the construction of single-family dwellings. In addition, the Bank periodically finances the construction of commercial projects. Credit risk factors include the borrower’s ability to successfully complete the construction on time and within budget, changing market conditions which could affect the value and marketability of projects, changes in the borrower’s ability or willingness to repay the loan and potentially rising interest rates which can impact both the borrower’s ability to repay and the collateral value. Residential real estate – Residential real estate loans are typically made to consumers and are secured by residential real estate. Credit risk arises from the borrower’s continuing financial stability, which can be adversely impacted by job loss, divorce, illness, or personal bankruptcy, among other factors. Also impacting credit risk would be a shortfall in the value of the residential real estate in relation to the outstanding loan balance in the event of a default or subsequent liquidation of the real estate collateral. Commercial real estate – Commercial real estate loans consist of both loans secured by owner occupied properties and non-owner occupied properties where an established banking relationship exists and involves investment properties for warehouse, retail, and office space with a history of occupancy and cash flow. These loans are subject to adverse changes in the local economy and commercial real estate markets. Credit risk associated with owner occupied properties arises from the borrower’s financial stability and the ability of the borrower and the business to repay the loan. Non-owner occupied properties carry the risk of a tenant’s deteriorating credit strength, lease expirations in soft markets and sustained vacancies which can adversely impact cash flow. Commercial – Commercial loans are secured or unsecured loans for business purposes. Loans are typically secured by accounts receivable, inventory, equipment and/or other assets of the business. Credit risk arises from the successful operation of the business which may be affected by competition, rising interest rates, regulatory changes and adverse conditions in the local and regional economy. Consumer – Consumer loans include home equity loans and lines, installment loans and personal lines of credit. Credit risk is similar to residential real estate loans above as it is subject to the borrower’s continuing financial stability and the value of the collateral securing the loan. The following tables include impairment information relating to loans and the allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Residential Commercial (Dollars in thousands) Construction real estate real estate Commercial Consumer Total September 30, 2020 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 333 $ 6,216 $ 8,746 $ 283 $ 28 $ 15,606 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 105,707 435,924 620,895 218,313 27,520 1,408,359 Total loans $ 106,040 $ 442,140 $ 629,641 $ 218,596 $ 27,548 $ 1,423,965 Allowance for credit losses allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 142 $ 81 $ 14 $ — $ 237 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 1,558 3,142 5,018 2,207 615 12,540 Total allowance $ 1,558 $ 3,284 $ 5,099 $ 2,221 $ 615 $ 12,777 Residential Commercial (Dollars in thousands) Construction real estate real estate Commercial Consumer Total December 31, 2019 Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 41 $ 7,072 $ 12,006 $ 298 $ — $ 19,417 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 99,788 435,434 574,556 101,722 17,737 1,229,237 Total loans $ 99,829 $ 442,506 $ 586,562 $ 102,020 $ 17,737 $ 1,248,654 Allowance for credit losses allocated to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ 395 $ 580 $ — $ — $ 975 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 1,576 2,106 3,452 1,929 469 9,532 Total allowance $ 1,576 $ 2,501 $ 4,032 $ 1,929 $ 469 $ 10,507 In the first quarter of 2020, the Company transitioned from its in-house allowance model to an external vendor's allowance model software for the calculation of the allowance for loan losses. Prior to the adoption of the new model, the Company ran both models parallel for multiple periods to confirm the reasonableness of the new model's output as compared to the old. The primary motivation for the change was to increase efficiencies in the calculation of the allowance estimate under the current incurred loss standard and also allow for a more seamless transition for the Company's eventual adoption of the Current Expected Credit Loss standard in 2023. The Company's processes for loan segmentation, assessing qualitative factors, and determining specific reserves for impaired loans remained substantially unchanged when comparing the models. As part of the new model, more precise averages are utilized in the calculation of the net charge-off ratios used in the historical loss analysis and the historical loss rates are applied to all pools of loans accounted for under ASC 450. Additionally, the historical look-back periods for retail loan pools were adjusted to four years in the new model as compared to two years under the prior in-house model. While there were some variances between loan pools when comparing the two models, the Company's ending recorded allowance and provision for loan losses during the first three quarters of 2020 were not materially impacted as a result of the transition. The following tables provide information on impaired loans and any related allowance by loan class as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The difference between the unpaid principal balance and the recorded investment is the amount of partial charge-offs that have been taken and interest paid on nonaccrual loans that has been applied to principal. Recorded Recorded September 30, 2020 Unpaid investment investment Quarter-to-date Year-to-date Interest principal with no with an Related average recorded average recorded recorded (Dollars in thousands) balance allowance allowance allowance investment investment investment September 30, 2020 Impaired nonaccrual loans: Construction $ 297 $ 297 $ — $ — $ 297 $ 231 $ — Residential real estate 2,103 2,031 — — 2,306 2,910 — Commercial real estate 5,357 4,260 67 67 4,498 6,235 — Commercial 420 269 14 14 355 429 — Consumer 28 28 — — 9 3 — Total $ 8,205 $ 6,885 $ 81 $ 81 $ 7,465 $ 9,808 $ — Impaired accruing TDRs: Construction $ 36 $ 36 $ — $ — $ 37 $ 38 $ 2 Residential real estate 3,878 2,530 1,348 142 3,886 3,940 120 Commercial real estate 3,353 2,704 649 14 3,357 3,379 70 Commercial — — — — — — — Consumer — — — — — — — Total $ 7,267 $ 5,270 $ 1,997 $ 156 $ 7,280 $ 7,357 $ 192 Other impaired accruing loans: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 33 $ — Residential real estate 307 307 — — 389 393 1 Commercial real estate 1,066 1,066 — — 830 854 3 Commercial — — — — 42 18 — Consumer — — — — 19 12 — Total $ 1,373 $ 1,373 $ — $ — $ 1,280 $ 1,310 $ 4 Total impaired loans: Construction $ 333 $ 333 $ — $ — $ 334 $ 302 $ 2 Residential real estate 6,288 4,868 1,348 142 6,581 7,243 121 Commercial real estate 9,776 8,030 716 81 8,685 10,468 73 Commercial 420 269 14 14 397 447 — Consumer 28 28 — — 28 15 — Total $ 16,845 $ 13,528 $ 2,078 $ 237 $ 16,025 $ 18,475 $ 196 Recorded Recorded September 30, 2019 Unpaid investment investment Quarter-to-date Year-to-date Interest principal with no with an Related average recorded average recorded income (Dollars in thousands) balance allowance allowance allowance investment investment recognized December 31, 2019 Impaired nonaccrual loans: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,435 $ — Residential real estate 2,660 678 1,797 215 2,642 2,904 — Commercial real estate 8,242 5,680 2,137 561 10,221 9,717 — Commercial 421 298 — — 310 316 — Consumer — — — — — — — Total $ 11,323 $ 6,656 $ 3,934 $ 776 $ 13,173 $ 14,372 $ — Impaired accruing TDRs: Construction $ 41 $ 41 $ — $ — $ 44 $ 47 $ 9 Residential real estate 4,041 2,583 1,458 180 4,052 4,193 130 Commercial real estate 3,419 2,748 671 19 3,479 3,515 93 Commercial — — — — — — — Consumer — — — — — — — Total $ 7,501 $ 5,372 $ 2,129 $ 199 $ 7,575 $ 7,755 $ 232 Other impaired accruing loans: Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 72 $ 24 $ — Residential real estate 556 556 — — 373 188 2 Commercial real estate 770 770 — — 515 349 2 Commercial — — — — 43 21 1 Consumer — — — — 2 4 — Total $ 1,326 $ 1,326 $ — $ — $ 1,005 $ 586 $ 5 Total impaired loans: Construction $ 41 $ 41 $ — $ — $ 116 $ 1,506 $ 9 Residential real estate 7,257 3,817 3,255 395 7,067 7,285 132 Commercial real estate 12,431 9,198 2,808 580 14,215 13,581 95 Commercial 421 298 — — 353 337 1 Consumer — — — — 2 4 — Total $ 20,150 $ 13,354 $ 6,063 $ 975 $ 21,753 $ 22,713 $ 237 The following tables provide a roll-forward for TDRs as of September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019. 1/1/2020 9/30/2020 TDR New Disbursements Charge- Reclassifications/ TDR Related (Dollars in thousands) Balance TDRs (Payments) offs Transfer In/(Out) Payoffs Balance Allowance For nine months ended September 30, 2020 Accruing TDRs Construction $ 41 $ — $ (5) $ — $ — $ — $ 36 $ — Residential real estate 4,041 — (80) — — (83) 3,878 142 Commercial real estate 3,419 — (66) — — — 3,353 14 Commercial — — — — — — — — Consumer — — — — — — — — Total $ 7,501 $ — $ (151) $ — $ — $ (83) $ 7,267 $ 156 Nonaccrual TDRs Construction $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Residential real estate 1,393 — (51) — — (1,342) — — Commercial real estate — 1,506 (401) — — — 1,105 — Commercial 299 — (30) — — — 269 — Consumer — — — — — — — — Total $ 1,692 $ 1,506 $ (482) $ — $ — $ (1,342) $ 1,374 $ — Total $ 9,193 $ 1,506 $ (633) $ — $ — $ (1,425) $ 8,641 $ 156 1/1/2019 9/30/2019 TDR New Disbursements Charge- Reclassifications/ TDR Related (Dollars in thousands) Balance TDRs (Payments) offs Transfer In/(Out) Payoffs Balance Allowance For nine months ended September 30, 2019 Accruing TDRs Construction $ 51 $ — $ (8) $ — $ — $ — $ 43 $ — Residential real estate 4,454 41 (73) — — (353) 4,069 185 Commercial real estate 4,158 — (682) — — — 3,476 22 Commercial — — — — — — — — Consumer — — — — — — — — Total $ 8,663 $ 41 $ (763) $ — $ — $ (353) $ 7,588 $ 207 Nonaccrual TDRs Construction $ 2,798 $ — $ (1,379) $ (3) $ — $ — $ 1,416 $ 133 Residential real estate — — — — — — — — Commercial real estate — — — — — — — — Commercial 320 — (12) — — — 308 4 Consumer — — — — — — — — Total $ 3,118 $ — $ (1,391) $ (3) $ — $ — $ 1,724 $ 137 Total $ 11,781 $ 41 $ (2,154) $ (3) $ — $ (353) $ 9,312 $ 344 There were no loans modified and considered TDRs during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. The following tables provide information on loans that were modified and considered TDRs during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019. Premodification Postmodification outstanding outstanding Number of recorded recorded Related (Dollars in thousands) contracts investment investment allowance TDRs: For nine months ended September 30, 2020 Construction — $ — $ — $ — Residential real estate — — — — Commercial real estate 1 1,535 1,162 — Commercial — — — — Consumer — — — — Total 1 $ 1,535 $ 1,162 $ — For nine months ended September 30, 2019 Construction — $ — $ — $ — Residential real estate 1 75 41 — Commercial real estate — — — — Commercial — — — — Consumer — — — — Total 1 $ 75 $ 41 $ — For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company had executed principal and/or interest deferrals on outstanding loan balances of $221.1 million, of which only $12.9 million remained on deferral as of September 30, 2020. These deferrals were no more than six months in duration and were for loans not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. As such, they were not considered TDRs based on the relief provisions of the CARES Act and recent interagency regulatory guidance. There were no TDRs which subsequently defaulted within 12 months of modification for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. Generally, a loan is considered in default when principal or interest is past due 90 days or more, the loan is placed on nonaccrual, the loan is charged off, or there is a transfer to OREO or repossessed assets. Management uses risk ratings as part of its monitoring of the credit quality in the Company’s loan portfolio. Loans that are identified as special mention, substandard or doubtful are adversely rated. These loans and the pass/watch loans are assigned higher qualitative factors than favorably rated loans in the calculation of the formula portion of the allowance for credit losses. At September 30, 2020, there were no nonaccrual loans classified as special mention or doubtful and $7.0 million of nonaccrual loans were classified as substandard. Similarly, at December 31, 2019, there were no nonaccrual loans classified as special mention or doubtful and $10.6 million of nonaccrual loans were classified as substandard. The following tables provide information on loan risk ratings as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Special (Dollars in thousands) Pass/Performing Pass/Watch Mention Substandard Doubtful Total September 30, 2020 Construction $ 84,506 $ 19,196 $ 2,041 $ 297 $ — $ 106,040 Residential real estate 398,950 36,426 4,095 2,669 — 442,140 Commercial real estate 492,816 122,104 5,598 9,123 — 629,641 Commercial 187,876 27,247 3,174 299 — 218,596 Consumer 27,250 265 — 33 — 27,548 Total $ 1,191,398 $ 205,238 $ 14,908 $ 12,421 $ — $ 1,423,965 Special (Dollars in thousands) Pass/Performing Pass/Watch Mention Substandard Doubtful Total December 31, 2019 Construction $ 84,357 $ 13,068 $ 2,404 $ — $ — $ 99,829 Residential real estate 404,500 29,223 5,549 3,234 — 442,506 Commercial real estate 455,388 115,190 4,822 11,162 — 586,562 Commercial 80,816 20,130 746 328 — 102,020 Consumer 17,347 383 2 5 — 17,737 Total $ 1,042,408 $ 177,994 $ 13,523 $ 14,729 $ — $ 1,248,654 The following tables provide information on the aging of the loan portfolio as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Accruing 30‑59 days 60‑89 days Greater than Total (Dollars in thousands) Current past due past due 90 days past due Nonaccrual Total September 30, 2020 Construction $ 105,743 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 297 $ 106,040 Residential real estate 438,917 240 645 307 1,192 2,031 442,140 Commercial real estate 623,256 992 — 1,066 2,058 4,327 629,641 Commercial 218,297 16 — — 16 283 218,596 Consumer 27,519 — 1 — 1 28 27,548 Total $ 1,413,732 $ 1,248 $ 646 $ 1,373 $ 3,267 $ 6,966 $ 1,423,965 Percent of total loans 99.3 % 0.1 % — % 0.1 % 0.2 % 0.5 % 100.0 % Accruing 30‑59 days 60‑89 days Greater than Total (Dollars in thousands) Current past due past due 90 days past due Nonaccrual Total December 31, 2019 Construction $ 99,234 $ 595 $ — $ — $ 595 $ — $ 99,829 Residential real estate 435,671 3,021 783 556 4,360 2,475 442,506 Commercial real estate 577,015 743 217 770 1,730 7,817 586,562 Commercial 101,476 246 — — 246 298 102,020 Consumer 17,680 57 — — 57 — 17,737 Total $ 1,231,076 $ 4,662 $ 1,000 $ 1,326 $ 6,988 $ 10,590 $ 1,248,654 Percent of total loans 98.6 % 0.4 % 0.1 % 0.1 % 0.6 % 0.8 % 100.0 % The following tables provide a summary of the activity in the allowance for credit losses allocated by loan class for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one loan class does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other loan classes. Residential Commercial (Dollars in thousands) Construction real estate real estate Commercial Consumer Total For three months ended September 30, 2020 Allowance for credit losses: Beginning Balance $ 1,497 $ 2,639 $ 4,097 $ 2,355 $ 502 $ 11,090 Charge-offs — (10) (1) (89) (1) (101) Recoveries 5 199 1 81 2 288 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 5 189 — (8) 1 187 Provision 56 456 1,002 (126) 112 1,500 Ending Balance $ 1,558 $ 3,284 $ 5,099 $ 2,221 $ 615 $ 12,777 Residential Commercial (Dollars in thousands) Construction real estate real estate Commercial Consumer Total For three months ended September 30, 2019 Allowance for credit losses: Beginning Balance $ 2,443 $ 2,155 $ 3,367 $ 2,057 $ 283 $ 10,305 Charge-offs — (86) — (98) — (184) Recoveries 1 12 7 96 1 117 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 1 (74) 7 (2) 1 (67) Provision (903) 600 474 (39) 68 200 Ending Balance $ 1,541 $ 2,681 $ 3,848 $ 2,016 $ 352 $ 10,438 Residential Commercial (Dollars in thousands) Construction real estate real estate Commercial Consumer Total For nine months ended September 30, 2020 Allowance for credit losses: Beginning Balance $ 1,576 $ 2,501 $ 4,032 $ 1,929 $ 469 $ 10,507 Charge-offs — (201) (601) (208) (8) (1,018) Recoveries 13 206 — 205 14 438 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 13 5 (601) (3) 6 (580) Provision (31) 778 1,668 295 140 2,850 Ending Balance $ 1,558 $ 3,284 $ 5,099 $ 2,221 $ 615 $ 12,777 Residential Commercial (Dollars in thousands) Construction real estate real estate Commercial Consumer Total For nine months ended September 30, 2019 Allowance for credit losses: Beginning Balance $ 2,662 $ 2,353 $ 3,077 $ 1,949 $ 302 $ 10,343 Charge-offs (3) (509) — (260) (29) (801) Recoveries 8 23 114 248 3 396 Net (charge-offs) recoveries 5 (486) 114 (12) (26) (405) Provision (1,126) 814 657 79 76 500 Ending Balance $ 1,541 $ 2,681 $ 3,848 $ 2,016 $ 352 $ 10,438 Foreclosure Proceedings Consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that were in the process of foreclosure totaled $23 thousand as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. There were no residential real estate properties included in the balance of other real estate owned at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. All accruing TDRs were in compliance with their modified terms. Both performing and non-performing TDRs had no further commitments associated with them as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. |