Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | Note 4: Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses Categories of loans at December 31, include: 2016 2015 (In thousands) One-to-four family residential $ 193,424 $ 179,732 Multi-family residential 11,425 12,474 Construction 2,744 6,177 Nonresidential real estate and land 107,788 86,470 Commercial 23,215 18,031 Consumer and other 2,193 1,904 340,789 304,788 Less: Undisbursed portion of loans in process 4,719 8,065 Deferred loan origination fees 747 765 Allowance for loans losses 3,040 2,837 Total loans $ 332,283 $ 293,121 The risk characteristics of each portfolio segment are as follows: Residential Real Estate Loans For residential mortgage loans that are secured by one-to-four family residences and are generally owner occupied, the Company generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Home equity loans are typically secured by a subordinate interest in one-to-four family residences. Repayment can also be impacted by changes in property values on residential properties. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers. All Other Mortgage Loans All other mortgage loans consist of residential construction loans, nonresidential real estate loans, land loans and multi-family real estate loans. Residential construction loan proceeds are disbursed in increments as construction progresses and as inspections warrant. Construction loans are typically structured as permanent one-to-four family loans originated by the Company with a 12-month construction phase. Accordingly, upon completion of the construction phase, there is no change in interest rate or term to maturity of the original construction loan, nor is a new permanent loan originated. These loans are generally owner occupied and the Company generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Nonresidential real estate loans are negotiated on a case-by-case basis. Loans secured by nonresidential real estate generally involve a greater degree of risk than one-to-four family residential mortgage loans and carry larger loan balances. This increased credit risk is a result of several factors, including the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers, the effects of general economic conditions on income-producing properties, and the increased difficulty of evaluating and monitoring these types of loans. Furthermore, the repayment of loans secured by nonresidential real estate is typically dependent upon the successful operation of the related real estate project. If the cash flow from the project is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. The Company also originates a limited number of land loans secured by individual improved and unimproved lots for future residential construction. In addition, the Company originated loans to commercial customers with land held as the collateral. Multi-family real estate loans generally involve a greater degree of credit risk than one-to-four family residential mortgage loans and carry larger loan balances. This increased credit risk is a result of several factors, including the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers, the effects of general economic conditions on income-producing properties, and the increased difficulty of evaluating and monitoring these types of loans. Furthermore, the repayment of loans secured by multi-family real estate is typically dependent upon the successful operation of the related real estate property. If the cash flow from the project is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Commercial Business Loans Commercial business loans carry a higher degree of risk than one-to-four family residential loans. Such lending typically involves large loan balances concentrated in a single borrower or groups of related borrowers for rental or business properties. In addition, the payment experience on loans secured by income-producing properties is typically dependent on the success of the operation of the related project and thus is typically affected by adverse conditions in the real estate market and in the economy. The Company originates commercial loans generally in the $50,000 to $1,000,000 range with the majority of these loans being under $500,000. Commercial loans are generally underwritten based on the borrower’s ability to pay and assets such as buildings, land and equipment are taken as additional loan collateral. Each loan is evaluated for a level of risk and assigned a rating from “1” (the highest quality rating) to “7” (the lowest quality rating). Consumer Loans Consumer loans entail greater credit risk than residential mortgage loans, particularly in the case of consumer loans that are unsecured or secured by assets that depreciate rapidly, such as automobiles, mobile homes, boats, and recreational vehicles. In such cases, repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment for the outstanding loan and the remaining deficiency often does not warrant further substantial collection efforts against the borrower. In particular, amounts realizable on the sale of repossessed automobiles may be significantly reduced based upon the condition of the automobiles and the lack of demand for used automobiles. The following tables present the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans based on the portfolio segment and impairment method as of December 31, 2016 and 2015: December 31, 2016 One-to-four All other Commercial Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: (In thousands) Beginning balance $ 1,346 $ 1,210 $ 279 $ 2 $ 2,837 Provision(credit) charged 213 (19 ) 166 5 365 Losses charged off (81 ) (83 ) — (1 ) (165 ) Recoveries 1 — 2 — 3 Ending balance $ 1,479 $ 1,108 $ 447 $ 6 $ 3,040 Allowance Balances: Individually evaluated for $ 323 $ 151 $ 184 $ — $ 658 Collectively evaluated for $ 1,156 $ 957 $ 263 $ 6 $ 2,382 Loan Balances: Ending balance: $ 193,424 $ 121,957 $ 23,215 $ 2,193 $ 340,789 Individually evaluated for $ 1,527 $ 1,067 $ 547 $ — $ 3,141 Collectively evaluated for $ 191,897 $ 120,890 $ 22,668 $ 2,193 $ 337,648 December 31, 2015 One-to-four All other Commercial Consumer Total Allowance for loan losses: (In thousands) Beginning balance $ 1,533 $ 885 $ 343 $ 8 $ 2,769 Provision (credit) charged to 924 325 (65 ) (9 ) 1,175 Losses charged off (1,158 ) — — — (1,158 ) Recoveries 47 — 1 3 51 Ending balance $ 1,346 $ 1,210 $ 279 $ 2 $ 2,837 Allowance Balances: Individually evaluated for $ 506 $ 13 $ 33 $ — $ 552 Collectively evaluated for $ 840 $ 1,197 $ 246 $ 2 $ 2,285 Loan Balances: Ending balance: $ 179,732 $ 105,121 $ 18,031 $ 1,904 $ 304,788 Individually evaluated for $ 2,789 $ 1,061 $ 33 $ — $ 3,883 Collectively evaluated for $ 176,943 $ 104,060 $ 17,998 $ 1,904 $ 300,905 The following tables present the credit risk profile of the Bank’s loan portfolio based on rating category and payment activity as of December 31, 2016 and 2015: December 31, 2016 One-to-four All other Commercial Consumer loans (In thousands) Rating * Pass (Risk 1-4) $ 189,975 $ 119,503 $ 22,427 $ 2,193 Special Mention (Risk 5) — — — — Substandard (Risk 6) 3,449 2,454 788 — Total $ 193,424 $ 121,957 $ 23,215 $ 2,193 December 31, 2015 One-to-four All other Commercial Consumer loans (In thousands) Rating * Pass (Risk 1-4) $ 172,617 $ 100,961 $ 17,893 $ 1,904 Special Mention (Risk 5) 1,406 1,881 105 — Substandard (Risk 6) 5,709 2,279 33 — Total $ 179,732 $ 105,121 $ 18,031 $ 1,904 * Ratings are generally assigned to consumer and residential mortgage loans on a “pass” or “fail” basis, where “fail” results in a substandard classification. Commercial loans, both secured by real estate or other assets or unsecured, are analyzed in accordance with an analytical matrix codified in the Bank’s loan policy that produces a risk rating as described below. Risk 1 is unquestioned credit quality for any credit product. Loans are secured by cash and near cash collateral with immediate access to proceeds. Risk 2 is very low risk with strong credit and repayment sources. Borrower is well capitalized in a stable industry, financial ratios exceed peers and financial trends are positive. Risk 3 is very favorable risk with highly adequate credit strength and repayment sources. Borrower has good overall financial condition and adequate capitalization. Risk 4 is acceptable, average risk with adequate credit strength and repayment sources. Collateral positions must be within Bank policies. Risk 5 or “Special Mention,” also known as “watch,” has potential weakness that deserves Management’s close attention. This risk includes loans where the borrower has developed financial uncertainties or is resolving them. Bank credits have been secured or negotiations will be ongoing to secure further collateral. In accordance with regulatory guidance, this category is generally regarded as temporary, as successful remedial actions will either successfully move the credit back up to Risk 4 or unsuccessful remedial actions will result in the credit being downgraded to Risk 6. Risk 6 or “Substandard” loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged. This risk category contains loans that exhibit a weakening of the borrower’s credit strength with limited credit access and all nonperforming loans. Risk 7 or “Doubtful” loans are significantly under protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged. This risk category contains loans that are likely to experience a loss of some magnitude, but where the amount of the expected loss is not known with enough certainty to allow for an accurate calculation of a loss amount for charge-off. This category is considered to be temporary until a charge-off amount can be reasonably determined. The following tables present the Bank’s loan portfolio aging analysis as of December 31, 2016 and 2015: December 31, 2016 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Total Past Current Total (In thousands) One-to-four family $ 442 $ 419 $ 959 $ 1,820 $ 191,604 $ 193,424 All other mortgage — — 63 63 121,894 121,957 Commercial business loans 16 — 22 38 23,177 23,215 Consumer loans 8 — — 8 2,185 2,193 Total $ 466 $ 419 $ 1,044 $ 1,929 $ 338,860 $ 340,789 December 31, 2015 30-59 Days 60-89 Days Greater Total Past Current Total Loans (In thousands) One-to-four family $ 516 $ 329 $ 903 $ 1,748 $ 177,984 $ 179,732 All other mortgage 298 — 209 507 104,614 105,121 Commercial business loans 68 — — 68 17,963 18,031 Consumer loans — — — — 1,904 1,904 Total $ 882 $ 329 $ 1,112 $ 2,323 $ 302,465 $ 304,788 There were no loans that were past due 90 days or greater that were still accruing at December 31, 2016, or at December 31, 2015. Non-accrual loans were comprised of the following at December 31, 2016 and 2015: Non-accrual loans 2016 2015 (In thousands) One-to-four family residential loans $ 1,473 $ 1,733 Nonresidential real estate loans 85 208 All other mortgage loans — — Commercial business loans — — Consumer loans — — Total $ 1,558 $ 1,941 A loan is considered impaired, in accordance with the impairment accounting guidance (ASC 310-10-35-16), when based on current information and events, it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due from the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. Impaired loans include nonperforming commercial loans but also include loans modified in troubled debt restructurings where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions could include a reduction in the interest rate on the loan, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions intended to maximize collection. Included in certain loan categories in the impaired loans are troubled debt restructurings that were classified as impaired. At December 31, 2016, the Company had $1.5 million of residential mortgages, $1.0 million of nonresidential mortgages and $511,000 of commercial loans that were modified in troubled debt restructurings. Included in these amounts, the Company had troubled debt restructurings that were performing in accordance with their modified terms of $776,000 in residential mortgage loans, nonresidential real estate and land loans of $1.0 million and commercial loans of $511,000 at December 31, 2016. The following tables present impaired loans as of and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015: December 31, 2016 Recorded Unpaid Specific Average Interest (In thousands) Loans without a specific One-to-four family $ 1,121 $ 1,189 $ — $ 1,019 $ 37 All other mortgage loans 226 226 — 838 19 Commercial business — — — — — Loans with a specific One-to-four family 406 406 323 622 — All other mortgage loans 841 841 151 335 49 Commercial business 547 547 184 168 1 Total: One-to-four family $ 1,527 $ 1,595 $ 323 $ 1,641 $ 37 All other mortgage loans 1,067 1,067 151 1,173 68 Commercial business 547 547 184 168 1 $ 3,141 $ 3,209 $ 658 $ 2,982 $ 106 December 31, 2015 Recorded Unpaid Specific Average Interest (In thousands) Loans without a specific One-to-four family $ 1,224 $ 1,238 $ — $ 1,493 $ 44 All other mortgage loans — — — 532 — Commercial business — — — 9 — Loans with a specific One-to-four family 1,565 1,875 506 1,347 56 All other mortgage loans 1,061 1,061 13 575 71 Commercial business 33 33 33 82 1 Total: One-to-four family $ 2,789 $ 3,113 $ 506 $ 2,840 $ 100 All other mortgage loans 1,061 1,061 13 1,107 71 Commercial business 33 33 33 91 1 $ 3,883 $ 4,207 $ 552 $ 4,038 $ 172 The following tables present information regarding newly classified troubled debt restructurings by class for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. Troubled Debt Restructurings Number of Pre-modification Post-modification (dollars in thousands) December 31, 2016 One-to-four family residential loans 8 $ 406 $ 406 Commercial business loans 4 508 508 Total 12 $ 914 $ 914 December 31, 2015 One-to-four family residential loans 1 $ 17 $ 17 All the above TDR classifications occurred as concessions were granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions may include a reduction in the stated rate, an interest rate that is below market interest rates for similar debt, an extension of the maturity date or delaying principal payments through interest only payments. Each TDR has been individually evaluated for impairment with the appropriate specific valuation allowance included in the allowance for loan losses calculation. There were no TDR classifications which defaulted during the year ended December 31, 2016 or the year ended December 31, 2015. The Company considers TDRs that become 90 days or more past due under modified terms as subsequently defaulted unless the TDR terms indicate annual repayments. Foreclosed assets held for sale include those properties that the Bank has obtained legal title to, through a formal foreclosure process, or the borrower conveying all interest in the property to the Bank through the completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure, or similar legal agreement. The following table presents the balance of mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate properties held as foreclosed assets at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Recorded Investment (In thousands) One-to-four family residential loans $ 2 $ 14 Banks foreclose on certain properties in the normal course of business when it is more probable than not that the loan balance will not be recovered through scheduled payments. Foreclosure is usually a last resort and begins after all other collection efforts have been exhausted. The following table presents the balance of those mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate properties that are in the formal process of foreclosure at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Recorded Investment (In thousands) One-to-four family residential loans $ 97 $ 171 |