Vishay Intertechnology (VSH) 10-K 16 Feb 24 2023 FY Annual report Financial data

Document and Entity Information

Document and Entity Information - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Feb. 14, 2024	Jul. 01, 2023
Entity Listings [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2023
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-7416
Entity Registrant Name	Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0000103730
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	38-1686453
Entity Address, Address Line One	63 Lancaster Avenue
Entity Address, City or Town	Malvern
Entity Address, State or Province	PA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	19355
City Area Code	610
Local Phone Number	644-1300
Title of 12(b) Security	Common stock, par value $0.10 per share
Trading Symbol	VSH
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 3,764,000,000
Auditor Firm ID	42
Auditor Name	Ernst & Young LLP
Auditor Location	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Class B Convertible Common Stock [Member]
Entity Listings [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		12,097,148
Common stock, par value $0.10 per share [Member]
Entity Listings [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		125,408,100

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 972,719	$ 610,825
Short-term investments	35,808	305,272
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for credit losses of $1,705 and $1,324, respectively	426,674	416,178
Inventories:
Finished goods	167,083	156,234
Work in process	267,339	261,345
Raw materials	213,098	201,300
Total inventories	647,520	618,879
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	214,443	170,056
Total current assets	2,297,164	2,121,210
Property and equipment, at cost:
Land	77,006	75,907
Buildings and improvements	719,387	658,829
Machinery and equipment	3,053,868	2,857,636
Construction in progress	290,593	243,038
Allowance for depreciation	(2,846,208)	(2,704,951)
Property and equipment, net	1,294,646	1,130,459
Right of use assets	126,829	131,193
Deferred income taxes	137,394	104,667
Goodwill	201,416	201,432
Other intangible assets, net	72,333	77,896
Other assets	110,141	98,796
Total assets	4,239,923	3,865,653
Current liabilities:
Trade accounts payable	191,002	189,099
Payroll and related expenses	161,940	166,079
Lease liabilities	26,485	25,319
Other accrued expenses	239,350	261,606
Income taxes	73,098	84,155
Total current liabilities	691,875	726,258
Long-term debt, less current portion	818,188	500,937
U.S. transition tax payable	47,027	83,010
Deferred income taxes	95,776	117,183
Long-term lease liabilities	102,830	108,493
Other liabilities	87,918	92,530
Accrued pension and other postretirement costs	195,503	187,092
Total liabilities	2,039,117	1,815,503
Commitments and contingencies
Vishay stockholders' equity
Preferred stock, par value $1.00 per share: authorized - 1,000,000 shares; zero issued	0	0
Common stock, par value $0.10 per share: authorized - 300,000,000 shares; 133,187,901 and 132,911,771 shares outstanding	13,319	13,291
Class B convertible common stock, par value $0.10 per share: authorized - 40,000,000 shares; 12,097,148 shares outstanding	1,210	1,210
Capital in excess of par value	1,291,499	1,352,321
Retained earnings	1,041,372	773,228
Treasury stock (at cost)	(161,656)	(82,972)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	10,337	(10,827)
Total Vishay stockholders' equity	2,196,081	2,046,251
Noncontrolling interests	4,725	3,899
Total equity	2,200,806	2,050,150
Total liabilities, temporary equity, and equity	$ 4,239,923	$ 3,865,653

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Pa

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Accounts receivable, allowances for credit losses	$ 1,705	$ 1,324
Total Vishay stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 1	$ 1
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Treasury stock (in shares)	7,535,881	4,240,573
Common Stock [Member]
Total Vishay stockholders' equity:
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.1	$ 0.1
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	300,000,000	300,000,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	133,187,901	132,911,771
Common Class B [Member]
Total Vishay stockholders' equity:
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.1	$ 0.1
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	40,000,000	40,000,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	12,097,148	12,097,148

Consolidated Statements of Oper

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Consolidated Statements of Operations [Abstract]
Net revenues	$ 3,402,045	$ 3,497,401	$ 3,240,487
Costs of products sold	2,427,552	2,438,412	2,352,574
Gross profit	974,493	1,058,989	887,913
Selling, general, and administrative expenses	488,349	443,503	420,111
Operating income	486,144	615,486	467,802
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(25,131)	(17,129)	(17,538)
Other	25,263	(4,852)	(15,654)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	(18,874)	0	0
Total other income (expense)	(18,742)	(21,981)	(33,192)
Income before taxes	467,402	593,505	434,610
Income tax expense	141,889	163,022	135,673
Net earnings	325,513	430,483	298,937
Less: net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests	1,693	1,673	967
Net earnings attributable to Vishay stockholders	$ 323,820	$ 428,810	$ 297,970
Basic earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 2.32	$ 2.99	$ 2.05
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 2.31	$ 2.98	$ 2.05
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	139,447	143,399	145,005
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted (in shares)	140,246	143,915	145,495
Cash dividends per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.4	$ 0.4	$ 0.385

Consolidated Statements of Comp

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net earnings	$ 325,513	$ 430,483	$ 298,937
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Pension and other post-retirement actuarial items	(7,001)	51,310	18,167
Foreign currency translation adjustment	28,165	(41,885)	(51,978)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	21,164	9,425	(33,811)
Comprehensive income	346,677	439,908	265,126
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests	1,693	1,673	967
Comprehensive income attributable to Vishay stockholders	$ 344,984	$ 438,235	$ 264,159

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Operating activities
Net earnings	$ 325,513	$ 430,483	$ 298,937
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	184,373	163,991	167,037
Gain on disposal of property and equipment	(554)	(455)	(303)
Inventory write-offs for obsolescence	37,426	26,898	20,657
Pensions and other postretirement benefits, net of contributions	(9,559)	(615)	2,106
Stock compensation expense	16,532	6,545	6,605
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	18,874	0	0
Deferred income taxes	36,783	38,677	50,613
Other operating activities	9,442	835	9,621
Change in U.S. transition tax liability	(27,670)	(14,757)	(14,757)
Change in repatriation tax liability	(63,600)	(25,201)	0
Net change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of businesses acquired	(161,857)	(142,113)	(83,412)
Net cash provided by operating activities	365,703	484,288	457,104
Investing activities
Capital expenditures	(329,410)	(325,308)	(218,372)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment	1,156	1,198	1,317
Purchase of and deposits for businesses, net of cash acquired	(13,753)	(50,000)	(20,847)
Purchase of short-term investments	(117,523)	(285,956)	(140,603)
Maturity of short-term investments	387,898	132,901	147,893
Other investing activities	(1,219)	(1,766)	129
Net cash used in investing activities	(72,851)	(528,931)	(230,483)
Financing activities
Proceeds from long-term borrowings	750,000	0	0
Repurchase of convertible debt instruments	(386,745)	0	(300)
Net proceeds (payments) on revolving credit facility	(42,000)	42,000	0
Debt issuance costs	(26,823)	0	0
Cash paid for capped call	(94,200)	0	0
Repurchase of common stock held in treasury	(78,684)	(82,972)	0
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(867)	(741)	(800)
Cash withholding taxes paid when shares withheld for vested equity awards	(3,994)	(2,123)	(1,963)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	61,061	(101,023)	(58,814)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	7,981	(17,617)	(13,573)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	361,894	(163,283)	154,234
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	610,825	774,108	619,874
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	972,719	610,825	774,108
Common Stock [Member]
Financing activities
Dividends paid	(50,787)	(52,348)	(51,094)
Class B Convertible Common Stock [Member]
Financing activities
Dividends paid	$ (4,839)	$ (4,839)	$ (4,657)

Consolidated Statements of Stoc

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock [Member] Common Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Common Stock [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Class B Convertible Common Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member] Class B Convertible Common Stock [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Capital In Excess of Par Value [Member]	Capital In Excess of Par Value [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) [Member]	Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Treasury Stock [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Total Vishay Stockholders' Equity [Member]	Total Vishay Stockholders' Equity [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Noncontrolling Interests [Member]	Noncontrolling Interests [Member] Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]	Total	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment [Member]
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of ASU	$ 13,256		$ 1,210		$ 1,409,200		$ 138,990		$ 0	$ 13,559		$ 1,576,215		$ 2,800		$ 1,579,015
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of ASU | Accounting Standards Update 2020-06 [Member]		$ 0		$ 0		$ (66,078)		$ 20,566	0		$ 0		$ (45,512)		$ 0		$ (45,512)
Balance at period start at Dec. 31, 2020	13,256		1,210		1,409,200		138,990		0	13,559		1,576,215		2,800		1,579,015
Balance at period start (Accounting Standards Update 2020-06 [Member]) at Dec. 31, 2020		$ 0		$ 0		$ (66,078)		$ 20,566	0		$ 0		$ (45,512)		$ 0		$ (45,512)
Net earnings	0		0		0		297,970		0	0		297,970		967		298,937
Other comprehensive income (loss)	0		0		0		0		0	(33,811)		(33,811)		0		(33,811)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	0		0		0		0		0	0		0		(800)		(800)
Issuance of stock and related tax withholdings for vested restricted stock units	15		0		(1,978)		0		0	0		(1,963)		0		(1,963)
Dividends declared	0		0		81		(55,832)		0	0		(55,751)		0		(55,751)
Stock compensation expense	0		0		6,605		0		0	0		6,605		0		6,605
Balance at period end at Dec. 31, 2021	13,271		1,210		1,347,830		401,694		0	(20,252)		1,743,753		2,967		1,746,720
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of ASU	13,271		1,210		1,347,830		401,694		0	(20,252)		1,743,753		2,967		1,746,720
Net earnings	0		0		0		428,810		0	0		428,810		1,673		430,483
Other comprehensive income (loss)	0		0		0		0		0	9,425		9,425		0		9,425
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	0		0		0		0		0	0		0		(741)		(741)
Issuance of stock and related tax withholdings for vested restricted stock units	20		0		(2,143)		0		0	0		(2,123)		0		(2,123)
Dividends declared	0		0		89		(57,276)		0	0		(57,187)		0		(57,187)
Stock compensation expense	0		0		6,545		0		0	0		6,545		0		6,545
Repurchase of common stock held in treasury	0		0		0		0			0		(82,972)		0		(82,972)
Balance at period end at Dec. 31, 2022	13,291		1,210		1,352,321		773,228		(82,972)	(10,827)		2,046,251		3,899		2,050,150
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of ASU	13,291		1,210		1,352,321		773,228		(82,972)	(10,827)		2,046,251		3,899		2,050,150
Net earnings	0		0		0		323,820		0	0		323,820		1,693		325,513
Other comprehensive income (loss)	0		0		0		0		0	21,164		21,164		0		21,164
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	0		0		0		0		0	0		0		(867)		(867)
Issuance of stock and related tax withholdings for vested restricted stock units	28		0		(4,022)		0		0	0		(3,994)		0		(3,994)
Dividends declared	0		0		50		(55,676)		0	0		(55,626)		0		(55,626)
Stock compensation expense	0		0		16,532		0		0	0		16,532		0		16,532
Repurchase of common stock held in treasury	0		0		0		0		(78,684)	0		(78,684)		0		(78,684)
Capped call transactions, net of tax	0		0		(73,382)		0		0	0		(73,382)		0		(73,382)
Balance at period end at Dec. 31, 2023	13,319		1,210		1,291,499		1,041,372		(161,656)	10,337		2,196,081		4,725		2,200,806
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of ASU	$ 13,319		$ 1,210		$ 1,291,499		$ 1,041,372		$ (161,656)	$ 10,337		$ 2,196,081		$ 4,725		$ 2,200,806

Consolidated Statements of St_2

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Issuance of stock and related tax withholdings for vested restricted stock units (in shares)	276,130	201,039	149,722
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.4	$ 0.4	$ 0.385
Repurchase of common stock held in treasury (in shares)	3,295,308	4,240,573

Summary of Significant Accounti

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. (“Vishay” or the “Company”) manufactures one of the world’s largest portfolios of discrete semiconductors and passive electronic components that are essential to innovative designs in the automotive, industrial, military, aerospace, medical, power supplies, telecommunications, consumer products, and computing end markets. Semiconductors include MOSFETs, diodes, and optoelectronic components. Passive components include resistors, inductors, and capacitors. Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Vishay and all of its subsidiaries in which a controlling financial interest is maintained. For those consolidated subsidiaries in which the Company’s ownership is less than 100 percent, the outside stockholders’ interests are shown as noncontrolling interests in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Investments in affiliates over which the Company has significant influence but not a controlling interest are carried on the equity basis. Investments in affiliates over which the Company does not have significant influence are accounted for by the cost method. All intercompany transactions, accounts, and profits are eliminated. Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers when it satisfies the performance obligations within the contract. The Company has framework agreements with many of its customers that contain the terms and conditions of future sales, but do not create enforceable rights or obligations. For revenue recognition purposes, the Company considers the combined purchase orders and the terms and conditions contained within such framework agreements to be contracts. Payment terms for the Company's sales are generally less than sixty days. Substantially all of the Company's receivables historically have been and are expected to continue to be collected within twelve months of the transfer of products to the customer and the Company expects this to continue going forward. Accordingly, the Company does not recognize a financing component of the transaction price. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in contracts with customers, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies its performance obligations. The Company analyzes its contracts to determine whether the promise in the contract to construct and transfer goods to the customer is a performance obligation that will be satisfied over time or at a point in time. When the Company's performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Company and the Company has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, the Company transfers control of a good or service over time and, therefore, satisfies a performance obligation and recognizes revenue over time. The Company has a limited number of contracts for custom products that meet the criteria to recognize revenue over time. The Company's contracts contain two performance obligations: delivery of products and warranty protection. The Company does not sell separate, enhanced, or extended warranty coverage, but through its customary business practices, the Company has created implied service-type warranties, which are accounted for as separate performance obligations. Revenue is allocated between these two performance obligations and recognized as the obligations are satisfied. The allocation of revenue to warranty protection is based on an estimate of expected cost plus margin. The delivery of products performance obligation is satisfied and product sales revenue is recognized when the customer takes control of the products. Warranty revenue is deferred and the warranty protection performance obligation is satisfied and revenue is recognized over the warranty period, which is typically less than twenty four months from sale to end customer. The warranty deferred revenue liability is recorded within Other Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The deferred revenue balance associated with the service-type warranty performance obligations and the components that comprise the change in the deferred revenue balance are not significant. The Company has a broad line of products that it sells to original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"), electronic manufacturing services ("EMS") companies, which manufacture for OEMs on an outsourcing basis, and independent distributors that maintain large inventories of electronic components for resale to OEMs and EMS companies. The Company recognizes revenue on sales to distributors when the distributor takes control of the products ("sold-to" model). The Company has agreements with distributors that allow distributors a limited credit for unsaleable products, which it terms a "scrap allowance." Consistent with industry practice, the Company also has a "stock, ship and debit" program whereby it considers requests by distributors for credits on previously purchased products that remain in distributors' inventory, to enable the distributors to offer more competitive pricing. In addition, the Company has contractual arrangements whereby it provides distributors with protection against price reductions initiated by the Company after product is sold by the Company to the distributor and prior to resale by the distributor. The Company recognizes the estimated variable consideration to be received as revenue and records a related accrued expense for the consideration not expected to be received, based upon its estimate of product returns, scrap allowances, "stock, ship and debit" credits, and price protection credits that will be attributable to sales recorded through the end of the period. The Company makes these estimates based upon sales levels to its distributors during the period, inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market conditions, and historical experience under the programs. The Company utilizes a number of different methodologies and considers several factors when estimating the accruals. Some of the factors considered include sales levels to distributors during the relevant period, inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market trends and conditions, recent and historical activity under the relevant programs, changes in program policies, and open requests for credits. These procedures require the exercise of significant judgments. The Company believes that it has a reasonable basis to estimate future credits under the programs. See sales returns and allowances accrual activity in Note 9. The Company pays commissions to external sales representatives on a per-sale basis. Accordingly, these commissions are expensed as incurred because the future amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. Internal staff are not paid commissions. The Company has elected to account for shipping and handling as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the product even if the shipping and handling activities are performed after the customer obtains control. The Company does not evaluate whether shipping and handling activities are promised services to its customers. If control transfers and revenue is recognized for the related products before the shipping and handling activities occur, the related costs of those shipping and handling activities is accrued. The Company applies this accounting policy election consistently to similar types of transactions. See disaggregated revenue information in Note 15 Research and Development Expenses Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. The amount charged to expense for research and development (exclusive of purchased in-process research and development) aggregated $99,506, $81,182, and $77,377, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The Company spends additional amounts for the development of machinery and equipment for new processes and for cost reduction measures. Income Taxes The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from differences between the financial and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted. Valuation allowances have been established for deferred tax assets which the Company believes do not meet GAAP criteria of “more likely than not” to be realized. This criterion requires a level of judgment regarding future taxable income, which may be revised due to changes in market conditions, tax laws, or other factors. If the Company’s assumptions and estimates change in the future, valuation allowances established may be increased, resulting in increased tax expense. Conversely, if the Company is ultimately able to utilize all or a portion of the deferred tax assets for which a valuation allowance has been established, then the related portion of the valuation allowance can be released, resulting in decreased tax expense. The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in evaluating the Company’s tax positions and determining its provision for income taxes. During the ordinary course of business, there are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Company establishes reserves for tax-related uncertainties based on estimates of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. These reserves are established when the Company believes that certain positions might be challenged despite the Company’s belief that its tax return positions are fully supportable. The Company adjusts these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances and the provision for income taxes includes the impact of reserve provisions and changes to reserves that are considered appropriate. These accruals for tax-related uncertainties are based on management’s best estimate of potential tax exposures. When particular matters arise, a number of years may elapse before such matters are audited by tax authorities and finally resolved. Favorable resolution of such matters could be recognized as a reduction to the Company’s effective tax rate in the year of resolution. Unfavorable resolution of any particular issue could increase the effective tax rate and may require the use of cash in the year of resolution. The amount included in current liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets reflect only amounts expected to be settled in cash within one year. See Note 5. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments Cash and cash equivalents includes demand deposits and highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased. Highly liquid investments with original maturities greater than three months, but less than one year are classified as short-term investments. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s short-term investments were comprised of time deposits with financial institutions whose original maturity exceeds three months, but less than one year. Allowance for Credit Losses The Company estimates its credit losses on financial instruments using a current expected credit loss model. The Company maintains an allowance for accounts receivable credit losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. $369, $ , and $ for the years ended , , and , respectively. The Company’s cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments are accounted for as held-to-maturity debt instruments, at amortized cost. Interest income on these instruments is recorded as "Other income" on the consolidated statements of operations and interest receivable is recognized as a separate asset and recorded in "Prepaid expenses and other current assets" on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company has not experienced a credit loss on the principal or interest receivable of its cash equivalents, short-term investments, or restricted investments. The Company pools its cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments by credit rating of the issuing financial institution and estimates an allowance for credit losses based on the corporate bond default ratios, evaluation of the impact of current and projected economic conditions, and probability of credit loss. Net credit loss expense for cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments was immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. The Company does not measure an allowance for credit losses on interest receivable. Any uncollectible interest receivable is recognized by reversing interest income within the fiscal quarter that the interest becomes uncollectible. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined by the first-in, first-out method, or net realizable value. Inventories are adjusted for estimated obsolescence and written down to net realizable value based upon estimates of future demand, technology developments, and market conditions. Property and Equipment Property and equipment is carried at cost and is depreciated principally by the straight-line method based upon the estimated useful lives of the assets. Machinery and equipment are being depreciated over useful lives of seven years to ten years. Buildings and building improvements are being depreciated over useful lives of twenty years to . Construction in progress is not depreciated until the assets are placed in service. The estimated cost to complete construction in progress at was approximately $ . Included in the estimated cost to complete the Itzehoe, Germany 12-inch wafer fab construction project are certain costs for which there are currently no contractual commitments to complete Depreciation expense was $ , $ , and $ for the years ended , 2022, and , respectively. Gains and losses on the disposal of assets which do not qualify for presentation as discontinued operations are included in the determination of operating margin (within selling, general, and administrative expenses). Individually material gains and losses on disposal are separately disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. Commitments and Contingencies The Company has commitments for the purchase of assets to complete its construction in progress as disclosed above. The commitment period for substantially all of these purchase commitments is less than one year. The Company expects to have noncancellable purchase commitments with commitment periods in excess of one year associated with its significant facility expansion programs as the programs progress. As of December 31, 2023, there are no material noncancellable commitments associated with these programs. Liabilities for loss contingencies, including environmental remediation costs, arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, penalties, and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated. The costs for a specific environmental remediation site are discounted if the aggregate amount of the obligation and the amount and timing of the cash payments for that site are fixed or reliably determinable based upon information derived from the remediation plan for that site. Accrued liabilities for environmental matters recorded at December 31, 2023 and 2022 do not include claims against third parties. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of a business acquired over the fair value of the related net assets at the date of acquisition. Certain intangible assets may be assigned indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but rather are tested for impairment at least annually. These tests are performed more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. The Company's business segments (see Note 15) represent its reporting units for goodwill impairment testing purposes. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, the Company has no recorded indefinite-lived intangible assets. Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Patents and acquired technology are being amortized over useful lives of seven years to twenty-five years. Capitalized software is amortized over periods of three years to ten years, primarily included in "Costs of products sold" on the consolidated statements of operations. Customer relationships are amortized over useful lives of five years to twenty years. Noncompete agreements are amortized over periods of three years to ten years. The Company continually evaluates the reasonableness of the useful lives of these assets. GAAP prescribes a quantitative method for determining goodwill impairment. The Company has the option of performing a qualitative assessment before performing the quantitative impairment test. If it is determined, on the basis of qualitative factors, that the fair value of the reporting unit is not more likely than not less than the carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is not required. If it is determined that the fair value of the reporting unit is more likely than not less than the carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is required. The Company determines the fair value of the reporting unit and compares that fair value to the net book value of the reporting unit. The fair value of the reporting unit is determined using various valuation techniques, including a comparable companies market multiple approach and a discounted cash flow analysis (an income approach). If the net book value of the reporting unit were to exceed the fair value, the Company would recognize an impairment charge. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The carrying value of long-lived assets held-and-used, other than goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, is evaluated when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable or the useful life has changed. The carrying value of a long-lived asset group is considered impaired when the total projected undiscounted cash flows from such asset group are separately identifiable and are less than the carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived asset group. Fair market value is determined primarily using present value techniques based on projected cash flows from the asset group. Losses on long-lived assets held-for-sale, other than goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, are determined in a similar manner, except that fair market values are reduced for anticipated disposal costs. Available-for-Sale Securities Short-term investments and other assets reported on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets include time deposits with financial institutions whose original maturity exceeds three months, but less than one year that are classified as held-to-maturity instruments, and investments in marketable securities that are classified as available-for-sale instruments. The available-for-sale instruments include assets that are held in trust related to the Company’s non-qualified pension and deferred compensation plans (see Note 11) and assets that are intended to fund a portion of the Company’s other postretirement benefit obligations outside of the U.S. These assets are reported at fair value, based on quoted market prices as of the end of the reporting period. Unrealized gains and losses are reported as "Other income (expense)" on the consolidated statements of operations. At the time of sale, the assets that are held in trust related to the Company’s non-qualified pension and deferred compensation plans, any gains (losses) calculated by the specific identification method are recognized as a reduction (increase) to benefits expense, within "Selling, general, and administrative expenses" on the consolidated statements of operations. Financial Instruments The Company uses financial instruments in the normal course of its business, including from time to time, derivative financial instruments. Additionally, from time to time, the Company enters into contracts that are not considered derivative financial instruments in their entirety, but that include embedded derivative features. Other financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, held-to-maturity short-term investments, accounts receivable, and notes payable. The carrying amounts of these financial instruments reported on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. The fair value measurement accounting guidance establishes a valuation hierarchy of the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels: Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions. An asset or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Stock-Based Compensation Compensation costs related to stock-based payment transactions are recognized in the consolidated financial statements. The amount of compensation cost is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity (or liability) instruments issued. The Company determines compensation cost for restricted stock units ("RSUs") and phantom stock units based on the grant-date fair value of the underlying common stock adjusted for expected dividends paid over the required vesting period for non-participating awards. Compensation cost is recognized over the period that an officer, employee, or non-employee director is required to provide service in exchange for the award. For RSUs with market conditions, the Company estimates the grant date fair value using a Monte Carlo valuation model and recognizes the expense for the awards over the period in which the condition is assessed regardless of whether the market condition is ultimately achieved. For awards subject to graded vesting, the Company recognizes expense over the service period for each separately vesting portion of the award as if the award was, in-substance, multiple awards. The Company recognizes compensation cost for RSUs that are expected to vest and records cumulative adjustments in the period that the expectation changes. Foreign Currency Translation The Company has significant operations outside of the United States. The Company finances its operations in Europe and certain locations in Asia in local currencies, and accordingly, these subsidiaries utilize the local currency as their functional currency. The Company’s operations in Israel and most significant locations in Asia are largely financed in U.S. dollars, and accordingly, these subsidiaries utilize the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. For those subsidiaries where the local currency is the functional currency, assets and liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets have been translated at the rate of exchange as of the balance sheet date. Translation adjustments do not impact the consolidated results of operations and are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate for the year. While the translation of revenues and expenses into U.S. dollars does not directly impact the statement of operations, the translation effectively increases or decreases the U.S. dollar equivalent of revenues generated and expenses incurred in those foreign currencies. For those foreign subsidiaries where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, all foreign currency financial statement amounts are remeasured into U.S. dollars. Exchange gains and losses arising from remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities are included in the consolidated results of operations. Treasury Stock The Company records treasury stock at cost, inclusive of fees, commissions and other expenses, when outstanding common shares are repurchased. Self-Insurance Programs The Company uses a combination of insurance and self-insurance mechanisms to provide for the potential liabilities for workers’ compensation, general liability, property damage, director and officers’ liability, and vehicle liability. As part of its self-insurance program for certain risks, the Company created a wholly-owned captive insurance entity in 2007. At December 31, 2023, the captive insurance entity provides only property and general liability insurance, although it is licensed to also provide directors’ and officers’ insurance. The captive insurance entity had no amounts accrued for outstanding claims at December 31, 2023 and 2022. Certain investments held by the captive insurance entity are restricted primarily for the purpose of potential insurance claims. Such amounts are recorded in other noncurrent assets, and total $10,571 and $9,352 at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, representing required statutory reserves of the captive insurance entity. Leases The Company leases buildings and machinery and equipment used for manufacturing and/or sales and administrative purposes. The Company is also party to various service, warehousing, and other agreements that it evaluates for potential embedded leases. Substantially all of the Company’s leases are structured and classified as operating leases. The Company leases assets in each region in which it operates. The Company’s leases are generally denominated in the currency of the leased assets' location, which may not be the functional currency of the subsidiary lessee. Accordingly, the Company remeasures its lease liability and recognizes a transactional gain/loss for leases denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the subsidiary lessee. The Company recognizes right of use assets and lease liabilities for leases greater than twelve months in duration based on the contract consideration for lease components through the term of the lease and the applicable discount rate. Leases with a duration less than or equal to twelve months are considered short-term leases. The Company does not recognize right of use assets or lease liabilities for short-term leases and classifies the expense as short-term lease expense. Variable lease payments based on an index or rate are included in the right of use assets and lease liabilities based on the effective rates at lease commencement. Changes in the rates or indices do not impact the right of use asset or lease liability and are recognized as a component of lease expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Variable lease payments not based on an index or rate are not included in the initial right of use asset and lease liability and are recognized when incurred as a component of lease expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company has elected to not separate contract consideration for lease and non-lease components for its building leases. In addition to the noncancellable period of a lease, the Company includes periods covered by extension options it is reasonably certain to exercise, termination options that it is reasonably certain not to exercise, and extension and termination options controlled by the lessor in its determination of the lease term. The Company uses the rate implicit in the contract whenever possible when determining the applicable discount rate. When the implicit rate is not used, the Company employs a portfolio approach based on the duration of the lease. The portfolio lease rates are calculated monthly. No individual lease is considered significant and there are no leases that have not yet commenced that are considered significant. See Note 4 for additional information. Restructuring and Severance Costs Restructuring and severance costs reflect charges resulting from cost reduction programs implemented by the Company. Restructuring and severance costs include exit costs, severance benefits pursuant to an on-going arrangement, voluntary termination compensation under a defined program, and any related pension curtailment and settlement charges. The Company recognizes expense for one-time benefits only after management has committed to a plan, the plan is sufficiently detailed to provide the number, classification, and location of employees to be terminated as well as the expected completion date, the plan has been sufficiently communicated to employees such that they are able to determine the type and amount of benefits they will receive if terminated, and it is unlikely that the plan will be significantly changed or withdrawn. If an employee is not required to render service beyond a minimum retention period, the Company recognizes expense once the aforementioned criteria have been met. If an employee is required to render service beyond a minimum retention period, the Company recognizes expense over the period that the employee is required to render future service. The Company recognizes expense for on-going benefit arrangements when the liability is reasonably estimable and considered probable. The Company recognizes expense for voluntary separation / early retirement when the employee delivers an irrevocable voluntary termination notice pursuant to a defined Company program. The Company recognizes other exit costs as incurred. The Company paid cash of $11,474 in the year ended December 31, 2021 due to a restructuring program announced in 2019. The program was substantially completed as of December 31, 2021. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recent Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2023-07, Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures Reclassifications Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on reported net earnings attributable to Vishay stockholders, total assets, stockholders' equity, or the statements of cash flows.

Acquisition and Divestiture Act

Acquisition and Divestiture Activities	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Acquisition and Divestiture Activities [Abstract]
Acquisition and Divestiture Activities	Note 2 - Acquisition and Divestiture Activities As part of its growth strategy, the Company seeks to expand through targeted acquisitions of other manufacturers of electronic components. These acquisition targets include businesses that have established positions in major markets, reputations for product quality and reliability, and product lines with which the Company has substantial marketing and technical expertise. It also includes certain businesses that possess technologies which the Company expects to further develop and commercialize. Year ended December 31, 2023 Neptune 6 Limited On November 8, 2023, Vishay and Nexperia BV announced that they have entered into an agreement whereby Vishay will acquire Nexperia’s wafer fabrication facility and operations located in Newport, South Wales, U.K. for approximately $177,000 in cash, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. On November 8, 2023, Vishay remitted $8,750 to an escrow account as a deposit for the acquisition. Such amount is included within "Purchase of and deposits for businesses, net of cash acquired" on the consolidated statement of cash flows. To effect the transaction, Vishay will acquire a 100% interest in the legal entity Neptune 6 Limited, and its wholly-owned operating subsidiary, Nexperia Newport Limited, which owns and operates the Newport facility. The closing of the transaction is subject to U.K. government review and customary closing conditions, and is expected to occur in the first quarter of 2024. Centerline Technologies, LLC On June 30, 2023, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Centerline Technologies, LLC ("Centerline"), a Massachusetts-based, privately held manufacturer of ceramic components used in many custom parts manufactured by certain of Vishay's Resistors businesses, for $5,003. Based on an estimate of fair values, the Company allocated $1,500 of the purchase price to definite-lived intangible assets. After allocating the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on an estimation of their fair values at the date of acquisition, the Company recorded goodwill of $2,213 related to this acquisition. The acquired business will be vertically integrated into the Company's Resistors segment, and the goodwill related to this acquisition is included in the Resistors reporting unit for goodwill impairment testing. The results and operations of this acquisition have been included in the Resistors segment since June 30, 2023. Year ended December 31, 2022 On October 28, 2022, the Company acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of MaxPower Semiconductor, Inc., ("MaxPower"), a San Jose, California-based fabless power semiconductor provider dedicated to delivering innovative and cost-effective technologies that optimize power management solutions. The acquisition of MaxPower will enhance Vishay's current and future silicon carbide ("SiC") offerings for fast-growing markets such as electric vehicles. The Company paid cash of $50,000, net of cash acquired, at closing. The transaction also included possible contingent payments of up to $57,500, which would be payable upon the achievement of certain technology milestones, upon favorable resolution of certain technology licensing matters with a third party, and upon the disposition of MaxPower's investment in an equity affiliate. The purchase price for U.S. GAAP purposes includes the fair value, as of the acquisition date, of certain future contingent payments to non-employee equity holders of MaxPower. The estimated fair value of this contingent consideration as of the acquisition date was $6,851. The contingent consideration liability is included in other accrued expenses and other liabilities in the accompanying balance sheet and is remeasured each reporting period, with changes reported as "Selling, general, and administrative expenses" on the consolidated statements of operations. A portion of contingent payments to be made to employee equity holders are deemed compensatory in nature. Such payments made to employee equity holders will be recognized as expense in future periods, and thus are not included in the U.S. GAAP purchase price. One of the contingencies was resolved in the fourth quarter of 2023, which resulted in no additional payments to the former employees and stockholders of MaxPower. Significant developments occurred in another of the contingencies in January 2024. The Company's estimate of the maximum possible contingent payments is $17,500. See Note 18 for further discussion on the fair value measurement of the contingent consideration liability. Based on an estimate of their fair values, the Company allocated $18,600 of the purchase price to definite-lived intangible assets. After allocating the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on an estimation of their fair values at the date of acquisition, the Company recorded goodwill of $34,246 related to this acquisition. The results and operation of this acquisition have been included in the MOSFETs segment since October 28, 2022. The goodwill related to this acquisition is included in the MOSFETs reporting unit for goodwill impairment testing. Year ended December 31, 2021 On December 31, 2021, the Company acquired substantially all of the U.S. assets of Barry Industries, a Massachusetts-based, privately-held manufacturer of resistive components for $20,847. Based on an estimate of their fair values, the Company allocated $9,600 of the purchase price to definite-lived intangible assets. After allocating the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on an estimation of their fair values at the date of acquisition, the Company recorded goodwill of $7,813 related to this acquisition. The results and operations of this acquisition have been included in the Resistors segment since December 31, 2021. The goodwill related to this acquisition is included in the Resistors reporting unit for goodwill impairment testing.

Goodwill and Other Intangible A

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets	Note 3 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets The Company performs its annual goodwill impairment test as of the first day of the fiscal fourth quarter. No impairment was identified as a result of the Company's annual impairment tests for 2023, 2022, and 2021. The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: MOSFETs Optoelectronic Components Resistors Inductors Total Balance at December 31, 2021 $ - $ 96,849 $ 42,605 $ 25,815 $ 165,269 MaxPower acquisition 36,885 - - - 36,885 Exchange rate effects - - (722 ) - (722 ) Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 36,885 $ 96,849 $ 41,883 $ 25,815 $ 201,432 Centerline acquisition - - 2,213 - 2,213 Purchase price allocation adjustment (2,639 ) - - - (2,639 ) Exchange rate effects - - 410 - 410 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 34,246 $ 96,849 $ 44,506 $ 25,815 $ 201,416 Other intangible assets are as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Intangible assets subject to amortization: Patents and acquired technology $ 26,053 $ 26,988 Capitalized software 62,360 58,735 Customer relationships 83,895 82,816 Tradenames 22,300 22,933 Other 400 400 195,008 191,872 Accumulated amortization: Patents and acquired technology (14,931) (14,743 ) Capitalized software (54,203) (53,348 ) Customer relationships (38,664) (33,021 ) Tradenames (14,610) (12,731 ) Other (267) (133 ) (122,675) (113,976 ) Net intangible assets subject to amortization $ 72,333 $ 77,896 Amortization expense (excluding capitalized software) was $9,916, $8,127, and $7,790, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Estimated annual amortization expense of intangible assets on the balance sheet at December 31, 2023 for each of the next five years is as follows: 2024 $ 9,832 2025 9,372 2026 8,555 2027 6,734 2028 5,975

Leases

Leases	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Leases	Note 4 – Leases The net right of use assets and lease liabilities recognized on the consolidated balance sheets for the Company's operating leases as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 are presented below: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Right of use assets Operating Leases Buildings and improvements $ 121,578 $ 126,933 Machinery and equipment 5,251 4,260 Total $ 126,829 $ 131,193 Current lease liabilities Operating Leases Buildings and improvements $ 23,647 $ 22,926 Machinery and equipment 2,838 2,393 Total $ 26,485 $ 25,319 Long-term lease liabilities Operating Leases Buildings and improvements $ 100,489 $ 106,693 Machinery and equipment 2,341 1,800 Total $ 102,830 $ 108,493 Total lease liabilities $ 129,315 $ 133,812 Lease expense is classified in the statements of operations based on asset use. Total lease cost recognized on the consolidated statements of operations is as follows: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Lease expense Operating lease expense $ 27,909 $ 25,606 $ 24,853 Short-term lease expense 988 971 2,031 Variable lease expense 566 365 359 Total lease expense $ 29,463 $ 26,942 $ 27,243 The Company paid $28,164, $24,074, and $23,899 for its operating leases during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, which are included in operating cash flows on the consolidated statements of cash flows. The weighted-average remaining lease term for the Company's operating leases is 9.4 years and the weighted-average discount rate is 6.3% as of December 31, 2023. The undiscounted future lease payments for the Company's operating lease liabilities are as follows: 2024 $ 27,474 2025 24,235 2026 19,692 2027 17,802 2028 15,154 Thereafter 68,809 The undiscounted future lease payments presented in the table above include payments through the term of the lease, which may include periods beyond the noncancellable term. The difference between the total payments above and the lease liability balance is due to the discount rate used to calculate lease liabilities.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Taxes [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Note 5 – Income Taxes Changes in Tax Laws and Regulations Israel Effective November 15, 2021, Israel enacted changes in its tax laws. As a direct result of this change in tax law, the Company made the determination during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2021 that substantially all unremitted foreign earnings in Israel were no longer indefinitely reinvested. The Company recorded additional tax expense of $53,316 during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2021 to accrue the claw-back tax on applicable earnings and withholding taxes necessary to distribute these approximately $385,000 of accumulated earnings to the United States. The Company repatriated $81,243 to the United States in 2022 pursuant to this repatriation program. The Company paid withholding taxes, foreign taxes, and Israeli clawback taxes of $25,201 due to the repatriation. United States On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "TCJA") was enacted in the United States. Under previous law, companies could indefinitely defer U.S. income taxation on unremitted foreign earnings. The TCJA imposed a one-time transition tax on deferred foreign earnings, payable in defined increments over eight years. Installments of $27,670 were paid in 2023 and $14,757 were paid in each of 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, and 2018. The Company expects future installment payments as follows: 2024 $ 37,622 2025 47,027 The U.S. Internal Revenue Service continues to issue regulations to address the provisions of the TCJA. During 2021, the Company amended tax returns for 2018 and 2019 and recognized tax benefits of $8,276 as a result of changes in tax regulations, by making an election regarding Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”). The Company has elected to account for GILTI tax in the period in which it is incurred and, therefore, does not provide any deferred taxes in the consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2023, 2022, or 2021. Change in Indefinite Reversal Assertion The Company made the determination during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2022 that substantially all unremitted earnings in Germany are no longer indefinitely reinvested. Additional tax expense was recorded during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2022 to accrue the $59,642 of withholding taxes necessary to distribute these approximately $360,000 of accumulated earnings to the United States. These changes in this indefinite reinvestment assertion provide greater access to the Company's worldwide cash balances to fund its growth plan and its Stockholder Return Policy. While the change in assertion provides access to these balances, these amounts will be repatriated only as needed. The withholding taxes associated with any distribution to the United States is payable upon distribution. During the fourth fiscal quarter of 2023, the Company repatriated $325,000 of accumulated earnings to the United States and paid withholding taxes, in Germany and Israel, of $63,600. At December 31, 2023, approximately $218,000 of German earnings and approximately $380,000 of Israeli earnings are deemed not indefinitely reinvested. The aggregate tax liability recorded for unremitted earnings at December 31, 2023 is approximately $86,000, which includes amounts accrued subsequent to the changes in indefinite reinvestment determinations described above. There are amounts of unremitted foreign earnings in countries other than Israel and Germany, which continue to be reinvested indefinitely, and the Company has made no provision for incremental foreign income taxes and withholding taxes payable to foreign jurisdictions related to these amounts. Determination of the amount of the unrecognized deferred foreign tax liability for these amounts is not practicable because of the complexities associated with its hypothetical calculation. Income before taxes consists of the following components: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Domestic $ 67,938 $ 132,426 $ 62,921 Foreign 399,464 461,079 371,689 $ 467,402 $ 593,505 $ 434,610 Significant components of income taxes are as follows: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Current: Federal $ 14,594 $ 24,423 $ 2,336 State and local 1,769 3,313 466 Foreign 152,343 121,810 82,258 168,706 149,546 85,060 Deferred: Federal (4,871 ) (40,136 ) 554 State and local (3,651 ) 532 383 Foreign (18,295 ) 53,080 49,676 (26,817 ) 13,476 50,613 Total income tax expense $ 141,889 $ 163,022 $ 135,673 Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: December 31, 2023 2022 Deferred tax assets: Pension and other retiree obligations $ 29,400 $ 29,327 Inventories 23,836 21,040 Net operating loss carryforwards 81,497 82,498 Tax credit carryforwards 54,363 53,145 Research and development costs 17,829 7,704 Original issue discount interest 20,039 - Other accruals and reserves 25,179 29,930 Total gross deferred tax assets 252,143 223,644 Less valuation allowance (99,663 ) (101,169 ) 152,480 122,475 Deferred tax liabilities: Property and equipment (9,429 ) (8,307 ) Tax deductible goodwill (7,040 ) (6,144 ) Earnings not indefinitely reinvested (88,004 ) (113,661 ) Other - net (6,389 ) (6,879 ) Total gross deferred tax liabilities (110,862 ) (134,991 ) Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ 41,618 $ (12,516 ) The Company makes significant judgments regarding the realizability of its deferred tax assets (principally net operating losses and tax credits). The carrying value of deferred tax assets is based on the Company’s assessment that it is more likely than not that the Company will realize these assets after consideration of all available positive and negative evidence. A reconciliation of income tax expense at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to actual income tax provision is as follows: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Tax at statutory rate $ 98,154 $ 124,636 $ 91,268 State income taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit (1,487 ) 3,038 671 Effect of foreign operations 9,260 13,422 5,521 Tax on earnings not indefinitely reinvested 37,061 71,141 54,648 Unrecognized tax benefits 1,999 (4,699 ) 1,318 Change in valuation allowance on deferred tax assets (1,770 ) (58,696 ) (14,921 ) Foreign income taxable in the U.S. 11,829 14,925 9,532 Foreign tax credit (29,997 ) (20,408 ) (9,477 ) U.S. Base Erosion Anti-Abuse Tax 16,837 20,918 9,134 Change in U.S. tax regulations - - (8,276 ) Other 3 (1,255 ) (3,745 ) Total income tax expense $ 141,889 $ 163,022 $ 135,673 Vishay operates in a global environment with significant operations in various locations outside the United States. Accordingly, the consolidated income tax rate is a composite rate reflecting our earnings and the applicable tax rates in the various locations where we operate. Part of Vishay's historical strategy has been to achieve cost savings through the transfer and expansion of manufacturing operations to countries where it can take advantage of lower labor costs and available tax and other government-sponsored incentives. With the reduction in the U.S. statutory rate to 21% beginning January 1, 2018, Vishay expects that its effective tax rate will be higher than the U.S. statutory rate, excluding unusual transactions. Historically, the effective tax rates were generally less than the U.S. statutory rate of 35% primarily because of earnings in foreign jurisdictions. Income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 includes certain discrete tax items for changes in uncertain tax positions, valuation allowances, tax rates, and other related items. These items total $20,032, and $39,326 in 2022 and 2021, respectively. There were no For the year ended December 31, 2022, the discrete items include tax expense of $59,642 due to the Company's change in its assertion that earnings of its subsidiaries in Germany are indefinitely reinvested, tax benefits of $5,941 for changes in uncertain tax positions following the resolution of a tax audit and a $33,669 tax benefit recognized upon the release of a valuation allowance. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the discrete items include $53,316 of tax expense recognized to accrue the claw-back and withholding taxes to repatriate unremitted foreign earnings from Israel, a $5,714 tax benefit recognized upon the release of a valuation allowance and $8,276 of tax benefits recognized due to changes in tax regulations. At December 31, 2023, the Company had the following significant net operating loss carryforwards for tax purposes: Expires Belgium $ 154,735 No expiration Israel 5,364 No expiration Japan 4,704 2025 2033 Netherlands 10,324 No expiration The Republic of China (Taiwan) 11,728 2026 2028 California 16,517 2028 2037 Pennsylvania 549,914 2024 2043 Arizona 15,516 2032 2040 At December 31, 2023, the Company had the following significant tax credit carryforwards available: Expires U.S. Foreign Tax Credit $ 32,468 2028 2030 California Research Credit 20,983 No expiration Net income taxes paid were $224,232, $134,199, and $79,106 for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Net income taxes paid for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 include withholding taxes for repatriation activity. Net income taxes paid for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 also includes $27,670, $14,757, and $14,757, respectively, for the TCJA transition tax. The following table summarizes changes in the liabilities associated with unrecognized tax benefits: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of year $ 18,429 $ 26,719 $ 40,652 Addition based on tax positions related to the current year 1,210 - 141 Addition based on tax positions related to prior years 5,455 3,197 1,037 Currency translation adjustments 230 (366 ) (523 ) Reduction based on tax positions related to prior years - - (13,154 ) Reduction for settlements (10,000 ) (9,420 ) (982 ) Reduction for lapses of statute of limitation (2,467 ) (1,701 ) (452 ) Balance at end of year $ 12,857 $ 18,429 $ 26,719 All of the unrecognized tax benefits of $12,857 and $18,429, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, would reduce the effective tax rate if recognized. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had accrued interest and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits of $1,947 and $2,587, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company recognized $821, $376, and $591, respectively, in interest and penalties. The Company and its subsidiaries file U.S. federal income tax returns, as well as tax returns in multiple states and foreign jurisdictions. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, certain tax examinations were concluded and certain statutes of limitations lapsed. The tax provision for those years includes adjustments related to the resolution of these matters, as reflected in the table above. During 2023, the Company settled an examination of its U.S. federal income tax returns for the years ended December 31, 2017 through 2019. The federal income tax returns for subsequent years remain subject to examination. The tax returns of significant non-U.S. subsidiaries currently under examination are located in the following jurisdictions: Israel (2021), Germany (2017 through 2021), India (2004 through 2021), and Philippines (2017 through 2022). The Company and its subsidiaries also file income tax returns in other taxing jurisdictions in the U.S. and around the world, many of which are still open to examination. The timing of the resolution of income tax examinations is highly uncertain, as are the amounts and timing of tax payments that result from such examinations. These events could cause large fluctuations in the balance sheet classification of current and non-current unrecognized tax benefits. The Company believes that in the next 12 months it is reasonably possible that certain income tax examinations will conclude or the statutes of limitation on certain income tax periods open to examination will expire, or both. Given the uncertainties described above, the Company can only determine an estimate of potential decreases in unrecognized tax benefits ranging from $1,250 to $10,487.

Long-Term Debt

Long-Term Debt	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Long-Term Debt [Abstract]
Long-Term Debt	Note 6 – Long-Term Debt Long-term debt consists of the following: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Credit Facility $ - $ 42,000 Convertible senior notes, due 2025 95,102 465,344 Convertible senior notes, due 2030 750,000 - Deferred financing costs (26,914 ) (6,407 ) 818,188 500,937 Less current portion - - $ 818,188 $ 500,937 Credit Facility The Company maintains a credit agreement with a consortium of banks led by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the lenders (the "Credit Facility"). On May 8, 2023, the Company entered into an Amendment and Restatement Agreement, which provides an aggregate commitment of $ of revolving loans available until , replacing an agreement that was scheduled to mature on June 5, 2024 of incremental facilities, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, which could take the form of additional revolving commitments, incremental “term loan A” or “term loan B” facilities, or incremental equivalent debt. U.S. Dollar borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus a credit spread and an interest margin. The applicable interest margin is based on the Company's total leverage ratio. Based on the Company's current total leverage ratio, borrowings bear interest at SOFR plus , including the applicable credit spread. The Company also pays a commitment fee, also based on its total leverage ratio, on undrawn amounts. The undrawn commitment fee, based on the Company's total current leverage ratio, is per annum. The Credit Facility requires the maintenance of financial covenant ratios. For compliance purposes, pursuant to the Credit Facility, the leverage ratio is computed on a net basis, reducing the measure of outstanding debt by up to $250,000 of unrestricted cash. The Company must maintain a net leverage ratio of at least 3.25 to 1.00. Borrowings under the Credit Facility are secured by a lien on substantially all assets, including accounts receivable, inventory, machinery and equipment, and general intangibles (but excluding real estate, intellectual property registered or licensed solely for use in, or arising solely under the laws of, any country other than the United States, assets located solely outside of the United States and deposit and securities accounts), of the Company and certain significant subsidiaries located in the United States, and pledges of stock in certain significant domestic and foreign subsidiaries; and are guaranteed by certain significant subsidiaries. The Credit Facility limits or restricts the Company and its subsidiaries, from, among other things, incurring indebtedness, incurring liens on its respective assets, making investments and acquisitions (assuming the Company’s pro forma net leverage ratio is greater than to 1.00), making asset sales, and paying cash dividends and making other restricted payments (assuming the Company's pro forma net leverage ratio is greater than to 1.00), and requires the Company to comply with other covenants. The Credit Facility also contains customary events of default, including, but not limited to, failure to pay principal or interest, failure to pay or default under other material debt, material misrepresentation or breach of warranty, violation of certain covenants, a change of control, the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings, the insolvency of the Company or certain of its significant subsidiaries, and the rendering of a judgment in excess of $50,000 against the Company or its subsidiaries. Upon the occurrence of an event of default under the Credit Facility, the Company's obligations under the credit facility may be accelerated and the lending commitments under the credit facility may be terminated. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, there was $748,578 and $707,061, respectively, available under the Credit Facility. Letters of credit totaling $1,422 and $939 were outstanding at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Convertible Debt Instruments The following table summarizes some key facts and terms regarding the outstanding convertible senior notes as of December 31, 2023: Due 2025 Due 2030 Issuance date June 12, 2018 September 12, 2023 Maturity date June 15, 2025 September 15, 2030 Principal amount $ 95,102 $ 750,000 Cash coupon rate (per annum) 2.25 % 2.25% Conversion rate effective December 12, 2023 (per $1 principal amount) 32.1268 33.1609 Effective conversion price effective December 12, 2023 (per share) $ 31.13 $ 30.16 130% of the conversion price (per share) $ 40.47 $ 39.21 Convertible Senior Notes due 2030 In September 2023, the Company issued $750,000 aggregate principal amount of 2.25% convertible senior notes due 2030 (the “2030 Notes”) to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to an exemption from registration provided by Rule 144A under the Securities Act. The Company used the net proceeds from this offering to repurchase $370,242 principal amount of its outstanding 2.25% convertible senior notes due 2025 (the “2025 Notes”) (as further described below), to reduce the outstanding balance of its Credit Facility, to enter into capped call transactions (as further described below), and for other general corporate purposes. The 2030 Notes bear interest at a rate of 2.25% per year payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning March 15, 2024. The 2030 Notes mature on September 15, 2030, unless earlier repurchased or converted. The 2030 Notes are convertible into shares of Vishay common stock at an initial conversion rate of 33.1609 shares of common stock per $1 principal amount of the notes, subject to adjustment. This initial conversion price represents a premium of 20% to the closing price of Vishay's common stock on September 7, 2023, which was $25.13 per share. This represents an initial effective conversion price of approximately $30.16 per share. The conversion rate of the 2030 Notes is not adjusted for quarterly cash dividends equal to or less than $0.10 per share of common stock. Pursuant to the indenture governing the 2030 Notes, the Company is required to satisfy its conversion obligations by paying cash equal to the principal amount of notes and settle any additional value in cash and/or shares at its discretion. Vishay must provide additional shares upon conversion if there is a "fundamental change" in the business as defined in the indenture governing the notes. The Company may not redeem the 2030 Notes prior to September 20, 2027. The Company may redeem for cash all or part of the 2030 Notes, at its option, on or after September 20, 2027, if the sale price of Vishay’s common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price for a specified period at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest. If the Company elects to redeem fewer than all of the outstanding 2030 Notes, at least $100,000 aggregate principal amount of 2030 Notes must be outstanding and not subject to redemption. Prior to March 15, 2030, the holders of the 2030 Notes may convert their notes only under the following conditions: (1) the sale price of Vishay common stock reaches 130% of the applicable conversion price for a specified period during any fiscal quarter commencing after the fiscal quarter ending on December 31, 2023; (2) the trading price of the notes falls below 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of Vishay’s common stock and the conversion rate for a specified period; (3) the Company calls any or all of the 2030 Notes for redemption; or (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions. Capped Call Transactions In September 2023, in connection with the pricing and initial purchasers’ exercise in full of their option to purchase additional 2030 Notes, the Company entered into separate base and additional privately negotiated capped call transactions with an affiliate of an initial purchaser and certain other financial institutions. The capped call will initially cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock that initially underlie the 2030 Notes. The Company used $94,200 of the net proceeds from the 2030 Notes to pay the cost of the capped call transactions. The cap price of the capped call will initially be $43.98 per share, which represents a premium of approximately 75% over the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock on September 7, 2023, and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the capped call. The capped call transactions are separate transactions entered into by the Company with each of the capped call counterparties, are not part of the terms of the 2030 Notes, and do not affect any holder’s rights under the 2030 Notes. Holders of the 2030 Notes do not have any rights with respect to the capped call. The capped call is classified within stockholders’ equity on the consolidated balance sheet. Note 6 – Long-Term Debt (continued) Convertible Senior Notes due 2025 The Company used $386,745 of the net proceeds from the offering of the 2030 Notes to repurchase $370,242 principal amount of its outstanding 2025 Notes. As a result, the Company recognized a loss on early extinguishment of the 2025 Notes of $18,874, including the write-off of a portion of unamortized debt issuance costs. Prior to December 15, 2024, the holders of the convertible senior notes due 2025 may convert their notes only under the following circumstances: (1) the sale price of Vishay common stock reaches 130% of the conversion price for a specified period; (2) the trading price of the notes falls below 98% of the product of the sale price of Vishay's common stock and the conversion rate for a specified period; or (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions. The convertible senior notes due 2025 are not currently convertible. Upon conversion of the convertible senior notes due 2025, Vishay will satisfy its conversion obligations by paying $1 cash per $1 principal amount of converted notes and settle any additional amounts due in common stock. The quarterly cash dividend program of the Company results in adjustments to the conversion rate and effective conversion price for the convertible senior notes due 2025 effective as of the ex-dividend date of each cash dividend. The conversion rate and effective conversion price for the convertible senior notes due 2025 is adjusted for quarterly cash dividends to the extent such dividends exceed $0.085 per share of common stock. Other Borrowings Information The Credit Facility, of which no amount was drawn as of December 31, 2023, expires in 2028. The convertible senior notes mature in 2025 and 2030, respectively. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had committed and uncommitted credit lines with various foreign banks aggregating approximately $34,000 and $1,000, respectively, with substantially no amounts borrowed. Interest paid was $17,242, $13,739, and $14,177 for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Deferred financing costs are recognized as non-cash interest expense. See Note 18 for further discussion on the fair value of the Company’s long-term debt.

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity	Note 7 – Stockholders’ Equity The Company’s Class B common stock carries 10 votes per share while the common stock carries 1 vote per share. Class B shares are transferable only to certain permitted transferees while the common stock is freely transferable. Class B shares are convertible on a one-for-one basis at any time into shares of common stock. Transfers of Class B shares other than to permitted transferees result in the automatic conversion of the Class B shares into common stock. The Board of Directors may only declare dividends or other distributions with respect to the common stock or the Class B common stock if it grants such dividends or distributions in the same amount per share with respect to the other class of stock. Stock dividends or distributions on any class of stock are payable only in shares of stock of that class. Shares of either common stock or Class B common stock cannot be split, divided, or combined unless the other is also split, divided, or combined equally. Cash dividends were paid quarterly in 2023 and 2022. The Credit Facility also allows an unlimited amount of defined "Restricted Payments," which include cash dividends and share repurchases, provided the Company's pro forma net leverage ratio is equal to or less than 2.50 to 1.00. If the Company's pro forma net leverage ratio is greater than 2.50 to 1.00, the Credit Facility allows such payments up to $100,000 per annum (subject to a cap of $300,000 for the term of the facility, with up to $25,000 of any unused amount of the $100,000 per annum base available for use in the next succeeding calendar year). At December 31, 2023, the Company had reserved shares of common stock for future issuance as follows: Restricted stock units outstanding 1,717,000 Phantom stock units outstanding 120,000 2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan - available to grant 5,250,847 Convertible senior notes, due 2025 3,055,323 Convertible senior notes, due 2030 24,870,675 Conversion of Class B common stock 12,097,148 Total 47,110,993 In 2022, the Company's Board of Directors adopted a Stockholder Return Policy that will remain in effect until such time as the Board votes to amend or rescind the policy. The Stockholder Return Policy calls for the Company to return a prescribed amount of cash flows on an annual basis. The Company intends to return such amounts directly, in the form of dividends, or indirectly, in the form of stock repurchases. The following table summarizes activity pursuant to this policy: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 Dividends paid to stockholders $ 55,626 $ 57,187 Stock repurchases 78,684 82,972 Total $ 134,310 $ 140,159 The repurchased shares are being held as treasury stock. The number of shares of common stock being held as treasury stock was 7,535,881 and 4,240,573 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Other Income (Expense)

Other Income (Expense)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Details of Expenses [Abstract]
Other Income (Expense)	Note 8 – Details of Expenses The caption “Other” on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations consists of the following: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Foreign exchange gain (loss) $ 677 $ 5,690 $ (2,692 ) Interest income 31,353 7,560 1,269 Other components of periodic pension expense (8,730 ) (11,090 ) (13,206 ) Investment income (expense) 1,347 (6,812 ) (1,036 ) Other 616 (200 ) 11 $ 25,263 $ (4,852 ) $ (15,654 ) Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic The Company's operations were impacted by the "COVID-19" pandemic, particularly in 2020 and again in 2022 when operations in the People's Republic of China were impacted by government-mandated shut-downs. The Company incurred incremental costs separable from normal operations that are directly related to the pandemic containment efforts, primarily wages paid to manufacturing employees during government-mandated shut-downs, additional wages and hardship allowances for working during lockdown periods, additional costs of cleaning and disinfecting facilities, costs of additional safety equipment for employees, and temporary housing for employees due to travel restrictions, which were partially offset by government subsidies. Since 2021, certain costs directly attributable to the pandemic, such as additional costs of cleaning and disinfecting facility and costs of additional safety equipment for employees, are no longer incremental and are considered normal operating costs. The net impact of the costs and subsidies are reported as "Cost of products sold" of $6,661 and "Selling, general, and administrative expenses" of $546 based on employee function on the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Other Accrued Expenses

Other Accrued Expenses	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Other Accrued Expenses [Abstract]
Other Accrued Expenses	Note 9 – Other Accrued Expenses Other accrued expenses consist of the following: December 31, 2023 2022 Sales returns and allowances $ 47,760 $ 46,979 Goods received, not yet invoiced 44,657 60,201 Accrued VAT taxes payable 56,218 55,010 Other 90,715 99,416 $ 239,350 $ 261,606 Sales returns and allowances accrual activity is shown below: Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Beginning balance $ 46,979 $ 39,759 $ 39,629 Sales returns and allowances 101,696 102,640 89,832 Credits issued (101,324 ) (94,682 ) (88,708 ) Foreign currency 409 (738 ) (994 ) Ending balance $ 47,760 $ 46,979 $ 39,759

Accumulated Other Comprehensive

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Abstract]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Note 10 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) The cumulative balance of each component of other comprehensive income (loss) and the income tax effects allocated to each component are as follows: Pension and other post- retirement actuarial items Currency translation adjustment Total Balance at January 1, 2021 $ (77,075 ) $ 90,634 $ 13,559 Other comprehensive income before reclassifications 12,592 (51,978 ) $ (39,386 ) Tax effect (2,509 ) - $ (2,509 ) Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax 10,083 (51,978 ) $ (41,895 ) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI 10,677 - $ 10,677 Tax effect (2,593 ) - $ (2,593 ) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax 8,084 - $ 8,084 Net comprehensive income (loss) $ 18,167 $ (51,978 ) $ (33,811 ) Balance at December 31, 2021 $ (58,908 ) $ 38,656 $ (20,252 ) Other comprehensive income before reclassifications 60,949 (41,885 ) $ 19,064 Tax effect (15,783 ) - $ (15,783 ) Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax 45,166 (41,885 ) $ 3,281 Amounts reclassified out of AOCI 8,260 - $ 8,260 Tax effect (2,116 ) - $ (2,116 ) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax 6,144 - $ 6,144 Net comprehensive income (loss) $ 51,310 $ (41,885 ) $ 9,425 Balance at December 31, 2022 $ (7,598 ) $ (3,229 ) $ (10,827 ) Other comprehensive income before reclassifications (10,338 ) 28,165 $ 17,827 Tax effect 2,462 - $ 2,462 Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax (7,876 ) 28,165 $ 20,289 Amounts reclassified out of AOCI 1,181 - $ 1,181 Tax effect (306 ) - $ (306 ) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax 875 - $ 875 Net comprehensive income (loss) $ (7,001 ) $ 28,165 $ 21,164 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ (14,599 ) $ 24,936 $ 10,337 Other comprehensive income (loss) includes Vishay's proportionate share of other comprehensive income (loss) of nonconsolidated subsidiaries accounted for under the equity method.

Pensions and Other Postretireme

Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits [Abstract]
Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits	Note 11 – Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits The Company maintains various retirement benefit plans. GAAP requires employers to recognize the funded status of a benefit plan, measured as the difference between plan assets at fair value and the benefit obligation, in its balance sheet. The recognition of the funded status on the balance sheet requires employers to recognize actuarial items (such as actuarial gains and losses, prior service costs, and transition obligations) as a component of other comprehensive income, net of tax. The following table summarizes amounts recorded on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets associated with these various retirement benefit plans: December 31, 2023 2022 Included in "Other assets": Non-U.S. pension plans $ 3,929 $ 4,715 Total included in other assets $ 3,929 $ 4,715 Included in "Payroll and related expenses": U.S. pension plans $ (1,474 ) $ (6,378 ) Non-U.S. pension plans (7,149 ) (6,827 ) U.S. other postretirement plans (510 ) (497 ) Non-U.S. other postretirement plans (390 ) (666 ) Total included in payroll and related expenses $ (9,523 ) $ (14,368 ) Accrued pension and other postretirement costs: U.S. pension plans $ (29,217 ) $ (30,843 ) Non-U.S. pension plans (144,276 ) (135,809 ) U.S. other postretirement plans (3,750 ) (3,831 ) Non-U.S. other postretirement plans (7,173 ) (6,049 ) Other retirement obligations (11,087 ) (10,560 ) Total accrued pension and other postretirement costs $ (195,503 ) $ (187,092 ) Accumulated other comprehensive loss: U.S. pension plans $ (522 ) $ 69 Non-U.S. pension plans 24,891 16,392 U.S. other postretirement plans (1,527 ) (2,031 ) Non-U.S. other postretirement plans 1,488 743 Total accumulated other comprehensive loss* $ 24,330 $ 15,173 * - Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss are presented in this table pre-tax Defined Benefit Pension Plans U.S. Pension Plans The Company maintained several defined benefit pension plans which covered most full-time U.S. employees. These included pension plans which are “qualified” under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”) and the Internal Revenue Code, and “non-qualified” pension plans which provide defined benefits primarily to U.S. employees whose benefits under the qualified pension plan would be limited by ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code. The Company’s principal qualified U.S. pension plan (the Vishay Retirement Plan) was frozen effective January 1, 2009 and terminated in 2016. The Company’s principal non-qualified U.S. pension plan (the Vishay Non-qualified Retirement Plan) was a contributory pension plan designed to provide similar defined benefits to covered U.S. employees whose benefits under the Vishay Retirement Plan were limited by the Internal Revenue Code. The Vishay Non-qualified Retirement Plan was similar in construction to the Vishay Retirement Plan, except that the plan is not qualified under the Internal Revenue Code. The Vishay Non-qualified Retirement Plan, like all non-qualified plans, is considered to be unfunded. The Company maintains a non-qualified trust, referred to as a “rabbi” trust, to fund benefit payments under this plan. Rabbi trust assets are subject to creditor claims under certain conditions and are not the property of employees. Therefore, they are accounted for as other noncurrent assets. Assets held in trust related to the non-qualified pension plan were $21,095 and $20,615 at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In 2008, the Company adopted amendments to the Vishay Non-Qualified Retirement Plan such that effective January 1, 2009, the plan was frozen. Pursuant to these amendments, no new employees may participate in the plans, no further participant contributions were required or permitted, and no further benefits shall accrue after December 31, 2008. Benefits accumulated as of December 31, 2008 will be paid to employees upon or following retirement, and the Company will likely need to make additional cash contributions to the rabbi trust to fund this accumulated benefit obligation. The Company also maintains other pension plans which provide supplemental defined benefits primarily to former U.S. employees whose benefits under qualified pension plans were limited by the Internal Revenue Code. These non-qualified plans are all non-contributory plans, and are considered to be unfunded. In 2004, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Felix Zandman, its Executive Chairman and then-Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company is providing an annual retirement benefit of approximately $614 to his surviving spouse. The Company maintains a non-qualified trust, referred to as a “rabbi” trust, to fund benefit payments under this plan. Rabbi trust assets are subject to creditor claims under certain conditions and are not the property of employees. Therefore, they are accounted for as other noncurrent assets. Assets held in trust related to this non-qualified pension plan were $445 and $1,023 at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Non-U.S. Pension Plans The Company provides pension and similar benefits to employees of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries consistent with local practices. Pension benefits earned are generally based on years of service and compensation during active employment. The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded status related to U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Change in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 37,221 $ 203,541 $ 45,613 $ 278,173 Service cost - 3,063 - 4,199 Interest cost 1,997 7,346 1,122 3,200 Plan amendments - (15 ) - 79 Actuarial (gains) losses (272 ) 8,835 (7,668 ) (45,102 ) Benefits paid (8,255 ) (17,160 ) (1,846 ) (16,777 ) Curtailments and settlements - (27 ) - - Currency translation - 5,200 - (20,231 ) Benefit obligation at end of year $ 30,691 $ 210,783 $ 37,221 $ 203,541 Change in plan assets: Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year $ - $ 65,620 $ - $ 75,920 Actual return on plan assets - 1,976 - 790 Company contributions 8,255 12,161 1,846 13,212 Benefits paid (8,255 ) (17,160 ) (1,846 ) (16,777 ) Currency translation - 690 - (7,525 ) Fair value of plan assets at end of year $ - $ 63,287 $ - $ 65,620 Funded status at end of year $ (30,691 ) $ (147,496 ) $ (37,221 ) $ (137,921 ) The plan assets are stated at fair value. See Note 18 for further discussion of the valuation of the plan assets. Amounts recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of the following: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Other assets $ - $ 3,929 $ - $ 4,715 Accrued benefit liability - current (1,474 ) (7,149 ) (6,378 ) (6,827 ) Accrued benefit liability - non-current (29,217 ) (144,276 ) (30,843 ) (135,809 ) Accumulated other comprehensive loss (522 ) 24,891 69 16,392 $ (31,213 ) $ (122,605 ) $ (37,152 ) $ (121,529 ) Actuarial items consist of the following: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Unrecognized net actuarial (gain) loss $ (588 ) $ 24,094 $ (140 ) $ 15,628 Unamortized prior service cost 66 797 209 764 $ (522 ) $ 24,891 $ 69 $ 16,392 The following table sets forth additional information regarding the projected and accumulated benefit obligations: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Accumulated benefit obligation, all plans $ 30,691 $ 194,361 $ 37,221 $ 176,056 Plans for which the accumulated benefit obligation exceeds plan assets: Projected benefit obligation $ 30,691 $ 146,898 $ 37,221 $ 181,207 Accumulated benefit obligation 30,691 144,213 37,221 159,433 Fair value of plan assets - 3,032 - 38,854 The following table sets forth the components of net periodic pension cost: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Service cost $ - $ 3,063 $ - $ 4,199 $ - $ 4,693 Interest cost 1,997 7,346 1,122 3,200 1,016 2,968 Expected return on plan assets - (2,270 ) - (1,725 ) - (1,660 ) Amortization of actuarial losses 175 345 1,523 4,760 2,032 7,444 Amortization of prior service cost 144 195 144 216 144 189 Curtailment and settlement losses - 546 - 1,190 - 632 Net periodic pension cost $ 2,316 $ 9,225 $ 2,789 $ 11,840 $ 3,192 $ 14,266 See Note 10 for the pretax, tax effect and after tax amounts included in other comprehensive income during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021. The estimated actuarial items for the defined benefit pensions plans that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic pension cost during 2024 are not material. The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 of the respective years: 2023 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Discount rate 5.25 % 3.36 % 5.50 % 3.57 % Rate of compensation increase 0.00 % 3.12 % 0.00 % 2.60 % The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic pension costs: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Discount rate 5.50 % 3.57 % 2.50 % 1.19 % Rate of compensation increase 0.00 % 2.60 % 0.00 % 2.07 % Expected return on plan assets 0.00 % 4.11 % 0.00 % 2.96 % The plans’ expected return on assets is based on management’s expectations of long-term average rates of return to be achieved by the underlying investment portfolios. In establishing this assumption, management considers historical and expected returns for the asset classes in which the plans are invested, advice from pension consultants and investment advisors, and current economic and capital market conditions. The investment mix between equity securities and fixed income securities is based upon achieving a desired return, balancing higher return, more volatile equity securities, and lower return, less volatile fixed income securities and is adjusted for the expected duration of the obligation and the funded status of the plan. Investment allocations are made across a range of securities, maturities and credit quality. The Company’s non-U.S. defined benefit plan investments are based on local laws and customs. Most plans invest in cash and local government fixed income securities, although plans in certain countries have investments in equity securities. The plans do not invest in securities of Vishay or its subsidiaries. Negative investment returns could ultimately affect the funded status of the plans, requiring additional cash contributions. See Note 18 for further information on the fair value of the plan assets by asset category. Estimated future benefit payments are as follows: U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans 2024 $ 3,347 $ 14,897 2025 3,301 15,450 2026 1,941 17,775 2027 8,306 14,830 2028 3,198 14,744 2029-2033 9,415 74,939 The Company’s anticipated 2024 contributions for defined benefit pension plans will approximate the expected benefit payments disclosed above. Other Postretirement Benefits In the U.S., the Company maintains unfunded non-pension postretirement plans, including medical benefits for certain executives and their surviving spouses, which are funded as costs are incurred. The Company also maintains two unfunded non-pension postretirement plans at two European subsidiaries. The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and accrued benefit cost related to U.S. and non-U.S. non-pension defined benefit postretirement plans: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Change in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 4,328 $ 6,715 $ 7,611 $ 7,782 Service cost 21 221 39 237 Interest cost 225 251 178 55 Actuarial (gains) losses 183 801 (2,525 ) (749 ) Benefits paid (497 ) (681 ) (975 ) (147 ) Currency translation - 256 - (463 ) Benefit obligation at end of year $ 4,260 $ 7,563 $ 4,328 $ 6,715 Fair value of plan assets at end of year $ - $ - $ - $ - Funded status at end of year $ (4,260 ) $ (7,563 ) $ (4,328 ) $ (6,715 ) Amounts recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of the following: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Accrued benefit liability - current $ (510 ) $ (390 ) $ (497 ) $ (666 ) Accrued benefit liability - non-current (3,750 ) (7,173 ) (3,831 ) (6,049 ) Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss (1,527 ) 1,488 (2,031 ) 743 $ (5,787 ) $ (6,075 ) $ (6,359 ) $ (5,972 ) Actuarial items consist of the following: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain) $ (1,527 ) $ 1,488 $ (2,031 ) $ 743 $ (1,527 ) $ 1,488 $ (2,031 ) $ 743 The following table sets forth the components of net periodic benefit cost: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Service cost $ 21 $ 221 $ 39 $ 237 $ 102 $ 278 Interest cost 225 251 178 55 163 42 Amortization of actuarial (gains) losses (321 ) 8 342 85 53 116 Curtailment and settlement losses - 89 - - - 67 Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) $ (75 ) $ 569 $ 559 $ 377 $ 318 $ 503 The estimated actuarial items for the other postretirement benefit plans that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net periodic benefit cost during 2024 are not material. The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 of the respective years: 2023 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Discount rate 5.25 % 3.40 % 5.50 % 3.86 % Rate of compensation increase 0.00 % 4.00 % 0.00 % 4.19 % The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic benefit costs: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Discount rate 5.50 % 3.86 % 2.50 % 0.80 % Rate of compensation increase 0.00 % 4.19 % 0.00 % 2.88 % The impact of a one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates on the net periodic benefit cost and postretirement benefit obligation is not material. Estimated future benefit payments are as follows: U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans 2024 $ 510 $ 390 2025 499 621 2026 467 205 2027 452 1,525 2028 416 785 2029-2033 1,594 4,897 As the plans are unfunded, the Company’s anticipated contributions for 2024 are equal to its estimated benefits payments. Other Retirement Obligations The Company participates in various other defined contribution and government-mandated retirement plans based on local law or custom. The Company periodically makes required contributions for certain of these plans, whereas other plans are unfunded retirement bonus plans which will be paid at the employee's retirement date. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets include $11,087 and $10,560, respectively, within accrued pension and other postretirement costs related to these plans. The Company’s U.S. employees are eligible to participate in a 401(k) savings plan, which provides for Company matching contributions. The Company’s matching expense for the plans was $7,641, $7,083, and $6,557 for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. No material amounts are included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2023 and 2022 related to unfunded 401(k) contributions. Certain key employees participate in a deferred compensation plan. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, these employees could defer a portion of their compensation until retirement, or elect shorter deferral periods. The Company maintains a liability within other noncurrent liabilities on its consolidated balance sheets related to these deferrals. The Company maintains a non-qualified trust, referred to as a “rabbi” trust, to fund payments under this plan. Rabbi trust assets are subject to creditor claims under certain conditions and are not the property of employees. Therefore, they are accounted for as other noncurrent assets. Assets held in trust related to the deferred compensation plan at December 31, 2023 and 2022 were approximately $28,838 and $28,535, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Stock-Based Compensation	Note 12 – Stock-Based Compensation 2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan The Company implemented the Vishay Intertechnology, Inc. 2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the "2023 Plan") after receiving stockholder approval at its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on May 23, 2023. The 2023 Plan allows the Company to grant up to 6,000,000 shares (subject to certain adjustments described in the 2023 Plan) of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, other stock-based awards, phantom stock units, and other cash-based awards to employees, directors, consultants, and other service providers of the Company and its affiliates. Such instruments are available for grant until March 24, 2033. The Company has granted approximately 761,000 time-vested restricted stock units to employees pursuant to the 2023 Plan. At December 31, 2023, the Company has reserved 5,250,847 shares of common stock for future grants of equity awards pursuant to the 2023 Plan. 2007 Stock Incentive Program Under the Company's 2007 Stock Incentive Program (the "2007 Program"), as amended and restated, certain executive officers and board members of the Company were granted restricted stock units. No further awards will be granted pursuant to the 2007 Program. Pursuant to the terms of the 2023 Plan, any shares of common stock that are subject to outstanding awards granted pursuant to the 2007 Program that subsequently cease to be subject to such awards as a result of the termination, expiration, cancellation, or forfeiture of such awards and any shares of common stock withheld in settlement of tax withholding obligations associated with outstanding awards granted pursuant to the 2007 Program may become available for issuance under the 2023 Plan. A total of 1,294,546 shares of common stock were subject to awards granted pursuant to the 2007 Program as of May 23, 2023. All RSUs granted pursuant to the 2007 Program and the 2023 Plan contain service vesting conditions. Certain RSUs also contain performance or market vesting conditions. The Company recognizes compensation cost for RSUs that are expected to vest and records cumulative adjustments in the period that the expectation changes. The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense recognized: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Restricted stock units $ 16,425 $ 6,323 $ 6,396 Phantom stock units 107 222 209 Total $ 16,532 $ 6,545 $ 6,605 The following table summarizes unrecognized compensation cost and the weighted average remaining amortization periods at December 31, 2023 (amortization periods in years) Unrecognized Compensation Cost Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Periods Restricted stock units $ 15,174 1.6 Phantom stock units - 0.0 Total $ 15,174 The Company currently expects all performance-based RSUs to vest and all of the associated unrecognized compensation cost for performance-based RSUs presented in the table above to be recognized. Restricted Stock Units Each RSU entitles the recipient to receive a share of common stock when the RSU vests. RSU activity is presented below (number of RSUs in thousands) Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Number of RSUs Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value Number of RSUs Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value Number of RSUs Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value Outstanding: Beginning of year 894 $ 19.73 877 $ 20.08 793 $ 18.90 Granted* 1,180 24.34 336 19.13 319 22.07 Vested** (342 ) 18.86 (306 ) 20.04 (235 ) 18.79 Cancelled or forfeited (15 ) 24.83 (13 ) 20.50 - - End of year 1,717 $ 23.03 894 $ 19.73 877 $ 20.08 Expected to vest 1,702 894 877 * Employees in certain countries are granted equity-linked awards that will be settled in cash and are accounted for as liability awards. The liability awards are not material. The number of RSUs granted excludes these awards. ** The number of RSUs vested includes shares that the Company withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy the statutory tax withholding requirements. The number of performance-based RSUs that are scheduled to vest increases ratably based on the achievement of defined performance and market criteria between the established target and maximum levels. RSUs with performance-based and market-based vesting criteria are expected to vest as follows (number of RSUs in thousands) Vesting Date Expected to Vest Not Expected to Vest Total January 1, 2024*** 165 - 165 January 1, 2025 168 - 168 January 1, 2026 157 15 172 *** The performance vesting criteria for the performance-based RSUs with a vesting date of January 1, 2024 were achieved. In the event of (i) any termination (other than for cause) after attaining retirement age (as defined in the respective executive's employment arrangement), the executive's outstanding RSUs shall immediately vest and the outstanding performance-based RSUs shall vest on their normal vesting date to the extent applicable performance criteria are realized; (ii) a change of control of Vishay in which the executive's RSUs and performance-based RSUs are not assumed or continued, all of such executive’s outstanding RSUs and performance-based RSUs shall immediately vest; (iii) a change of control of Vishay in which the executive's RSUs and performance-based RSUs are assumed or continued, upon termination without cause or good reason the executive's outstanding RSUs and performance-based RSUs. In the event of voluntary termination by the executive prior to attaining retirement age or termination for cause, the executive’s outstanding RSUs and performance-based RSUs will be forfeited. Phantom Stock Units Each phantom stock unit entitles the recipient to receive a share of common stock at the individual's termination of employment or any other future date specified in the applicable employment agreement. Phantom stock units participate in dividend distribution on the same basis as the Company's common stock and Class B common stock. Dividend equivalents are issued in the form of additional units of phantom stock. The phantom stock units are fully vested at all times. The following table summarizes the Company’s phantom stock units activity (number of phantom stock units in thousands) Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Number of Phantom Stock Units Grant-date Fair Value per Unit Number of Phantom Stock Units Grant-date Fair Value per Unit Number of Phantom Stock Units Grant-date Fair Value per Unit Outstanding: Beginning of year 226 212 198 Granted 5 $ 21.48 10 $ 22.20 10 $ 20.89 Dividend equivalents issued 2 4 4 Redeemed for common stock* (113 ) - - End of year 120 226 212 * The number of phantom stock units redeemed for common stock includes shares that the Company withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy the statutory tax withholding requirements.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Commitments and Contingencies [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies Environmental Matters The Company is subject to various federal, state, local, and foreign laws and regulations governing environmental matters, including the use, discharge, and disposal of hazardous materials. The Company’s manufacturing facilities are believed to be in substantial compliance with current laws and regulations. Complying with current laws and regulations has not had a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition. The Company has engaged environmental consultants and attorneys to assist management in evaluating potential liabilities related to environmental matters. Management assesses the input from these consultants along with other information known to the Company in its effort to continually monitor these potential liabilities. Management assesses its environmental exposure on a site-by-site basis, including those sites where the Company has been named as a “potentially responsible party.” Such assessments include the Company’s share of remediation costs, information known to the Company concerning the size of the hazardous waste sites, their years of operation, and the number of past users and their financial viability. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has accrued environmental liabilities of $12,430, of which $2,936 is included in other accrued liabilities other noncurrent liabilities While the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined, management does not believe that the final disposition of these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. The Company’s present and past facilities have been in operation for many years. These facilities have used substances and have generated and disposed of wastes which are or might be considered hazardous. Therefore, it is possible that additional environmental issues may arise in the future, which the Company cannot now predict. Litigation The Company is a party to various claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business. The Company is of the opinion that these litigations or claims will not have a material negative effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. Long-Term Purchase Agreements The Company maintains long-term purchase agreements with subcontractors, suppliers, and other business partners to ensure access to external capacity and supply. The Company has minimum purchase commitments pursuant to certain of its long-term arrangements with its subcontractors and other suppliers and business partners of $57,824 and $29,109 for the years 2024 through 2025, respectively. Certain minimum purchase commitments are based on an 18-month rolling forecast and, accordingly, the 2025 minimum purchase commitments will likely increase. The Company has the option to purchase amounts in addition to the minimum commitment and, accordingly, actual purchases may be different than the amounts disclosed above. The Company exceeded its minimum purchase commitments in 2023. Product Quality Claims The Company is a party to various product quality claims in the normal course of business. See Note 1 for further information on the Company's warranty obligations. Executive Employment Agreements The Company has employment agreements with certain of its senior executives. These employment agreements provide incremental compensation in the event of termination. The Company does not provide any severance or other benefits specifically upon a change in control.

Current Vulnerability Due to Ce

Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations [Abstract]
Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations	Note 14 – Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations Market Concentrations No customer represented greater than 10% of consolidated net revenue in 2023 or 2022. A material portion of the Company's revenues are derived from the worldwide industrial, automotive, telecommunications, and computing markets. These markets have historically experienced wide variations in demand for end products. If demand for these end products should decrease, the producers thereof could reduce their purchases of the Company's products, which could have an adverse effect on the Company's results of operations and financial position. Certain subsidiaries and product lines have customers which comprise greater than 10% of the subsidiary's or product line's net revenues. The loss of one of these customers could have a material effect on the results of operations of the subsidiary or product line and financial position of the subsidiary, which could result in an impairment charge which could be material to the Company's consolidated financial statements. Credit Risk Concentrations Financial instruments with potential credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, and notes receivable. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to receivables are generally limited due to the Company’s large number of customers and their dispersion across many countries and industries. As of December 31, 2023, one customer comprised 12.4% of the Company's accounts receivable balance. As of December 31, 2022, one customer comprised 10.2% of the Company's accounts receivable balance. The Company continually monitors the credit risks associated with its accounts receivable and adjusts the allowance for uncollectible accounts accordingly. The credit risk exposure associated with the accounts receivable is limited by the allowance and is not considered material to the financial statements. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments with various major financial institutions. The Company is exposed to credit risk related to the potential inability to access liquidity in financial institutions where its cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments are concentrated. As of December 31, 2023, the following financial institutions held over 10% of the Company’s combined cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments balance: JPMorgan* 16.2 % Santander* 16.2 % TD Bank* 15.0 % MUFG Bank Ltd.* 10.8 % Bank of America* 10.1 % *Participant in Credit Facility Sources of Supplies The production and sale of the Company’s products is reliant on a complex global interconnected supply chain of vendors, manufacturing facilities, third-party foundries and subcontractors, shipping partners, distributors, and end market customers. Disruption in one part of the supply chain could cause disruption in all other parts of the supply chain. Global shipping impacts several parts of the supply chain and the disruption experienced in recent years has, at times, negatively impacted the Company’s ability to manufacture products and to deliver them to customers. Although most materials incorporated into the Company's products are available from a number of sources, certain materials, including plastics and metals, are produced in only a limited number of regions around the world or are available from only a limited number of suppliers. Suppliers periodically extend lead times, face capacity constraints, limit supplies, increase prices, experience quality issues, or encounter cybersecurity or other issues that can interrupt or increase the cost of our supply. The unavailability or reduced availability of these materials could require the Company to temporarily cease or reduce production or incur additional costs. Customer requirements and certain laws pertaining to the responsible sourcing of materials, including tantalum, tungsten, tin, gold, and cobalt, all of which are used in the Company’s products, are increasing and becoming more stringent. Responsible sourcing efforts may result in increased prices and decreased availability of these materials. Many of the metals used in the manufacture of the Company’s products, including gold, copper, and palladium, are traded on active markets and can be subject to significant price volatility. To ensure adequate supply and to provide cost certainty, the Company’s policy is to enter into short-term commitments to purchase defined portions of annual consumption of the raw materials utilized if market prices decline below budget. If after entering into these commitments, the market prices for these raw materials decline, losses are recognized on these adverse purchase commitments. The Company's production can be disrupted by the unavailability of resources, such as water, energy, and gases. The unavailability or reduced availability of these resources could require the Company to reduce production or incur additional costs. The Company uses third-party foundries and subcontractors for certain of its manufacturing activities, primarily wafer fabrication and the assembly and testing of finished goods. Establishing third-party contract manufacturer relationships can be time consuming and costly, and the number of qualified providers is limited. The Company's agreements with these manufacturers typically require it to commit to purchase services based on forecasted product needs, which may be inaccurate, and, in some cases, require the recognition of losses on these adverse purchase commitments. The Company's agreements may limit its ability to increase production, particularly during periods of growing demand for our products. Geographic Concentration The Company has operations outside the United States, and approximately 74% of revenues earned during 2023 were derived from sales to customers outside the United States. Additionally, as of December 31, 2023, $660,258 of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were held by subsidiaries outside of the United States. Some of the Company’s products are produced and cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments are held in countries which are subject to risks of political, economic, and military instability. This instability could result in wars, riots, nationalization of industry, currency fluctuations, and labor unrest. These conditions could have an adverse impact on the Company’s ability to operate in these regions and, depending on the extent and severity of these conditions, could materially and adversely affect the Company’s overall financial condition, operating results, and ability to access its liquidity when needed. As of December 31, 2023 the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were concentrated in the following countries: United States 50.2 % People's Republic of China 10.7 % Israel 10.6 % The Republic of China (Taiwan) 9.2 % Germany 6.8 % Singapore 6.3 % Other Asia 3.8 % Other Europe 1.2 % Other 1.2 % Certain of the Company's non-U.S. subsidiaries have cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments deposited in U.S. financial institutions. Vishay has been in operation in Israel for 53 years. The Company has never experienced any material interruption in its operations attributable to these factors, in spite of several Middle East crises, including wars.

Segment and Geographic Data

Segment and Geographic Data	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Segment and Geographic Data [Abstract]
Segment and Geographic Data	Note 15 – Segment and Geographic Data Vishay is a global manufacturer and supplier of electronic components. Vishay operates, and its chief operating decision maker makes strategic and operating decisions with regards to assessing performance and allocating resources based on, six reporting segments: MOSFETs, Diodes, Optoelectronic Components, Resistors, Inductors, and Capacitors. These segments represent groupings of product lines based on their functionality: ● Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors ("MOSFETs") function as solid state switches to control power. ● Diodes route, regulate, and block radio frequency, analog, and power signals; protect systems from surges or electrostatic discharge damage; or provide electromagnetic interference filtering. ● Optoelectronic components emit light, detect light, or do both. ● Resistors are basic components used in all forms of electronic circuitry to adjust and regulate levels of voltage and current. ● Inductors use an internal magnetic field to change alternating current phase and resist alternating current. ● Capacitors store energy and discharge it when needed. Vishay's reporting segments generate substantially all of their revenue from product sales to the industrial, automotive, telecommunications, computing, consumer products, power supplies, military and aerospace, and medical end markets. An immaterial portion of revenues are from royalties. The Company’s chief operating decision maker uses operating income, exclusive of certain items ("segment operating income") to make decisions, allocate resources, and assess performance, and the Company thus considers segment operating income to be its measure of segment profit or loss. Only dedicated, direct selling, general, and administrative expenses of the segments are included in the calculation of segment operating income. The Company's calculation of segment operating income excludes selling, general, and administrative costs of its global operations, sales and marketing, information systems, finance, and administration groups, as well as restructuring and severance costs, the direct impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and other items affecting comparability. Management believes that evaluating segment performance excluding such items is meaningful because it provides insight with respect to intrinsic operating results of the Company. These items represent reconciling items between segment operating income and consolidated operating income. Business segment assets are the owned or allocated assets used by each business. The following tables set forth business segment information: MOSFETs Diodes Optoelectronic Components Resistors Inductors Capacitors Corporate / Other Total Year ended December 31, 2023: Net revenues $ 778,754 $ 690,540 $ 243,146 $ 843,472 $ 347,392 $ 498,741 $ - $ 3,402,045 Segment Operating Income 195,793 153,462 42,963 209,425 99,684 104,985 - $ 806,312 Depreciation expense 35,965 44,904 16,496 39,781 14,963 14,269 8,079 $ 174,457 Capital expenditures 132,543 62,185 23,228 67,085 10,767 21,914 11,688 $ 329,410 Total Assets as of December 31, 2023 $ 702,299 $ 852,703 $ 352,984 $ 946,585 $ 365,111 $ 459,653 $ 560,588 $ 4,239,923 Year ended December 31, 2022: Net revenues $ 762,260 $ 765,220 $ 296,384 $ 832,806 $ 331,086 $ 509,645 $ - $ 3,497,401 Segment Operating Income 228,692 176,422 85,456 235,259 93,453 104,810 (6,661 ) $ 917,431 Depreciation expense 30,551 40,014 14,065 34,903 14,927 14,286 7,118 $ 155,864 Capital expenditures 90,297 69,126 27,776 76,702 35,102 15,214 11,091 $ 325,308 Total Assets as of December 31, 2022 $ 672,048 $ 814,017 $ 385,388 $ 861,870 $ 322,893 $ 496,924 $ 312,513 $ 3,865,653 Year ended December 31, 2021: Net revenues $ 667,998 $ 709,416 $ 302,714 $ 752,554 $ 335,638 $ 472,167 $ - $ 3,240,487 Segment Operating Income 148,652 145,814 82,378 190,953 97,482 85,342 - $ 750,621 Depreciation expense 30,257 40,406 14,585 34,344 14,448 17,129 8,078 $ 159,247 Capital expenditures 44,227 45,772 25,068 57,729 24,377 13,099 8,100 $ 218,372 Total Assets as of December 31, 2021 $ 503,937 $ 815,751 $ 377,815 $ 783,390 $ 355,353 $ 496,129 $ 210,882 $ 3,543,257 ________________ Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Reconciliation: Segment Operating Income $ 806,312 $ 917,431 $ 750,621 Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses - (546 ) - Unallocated Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses (320,168 ) (301,399 ) (282,819 ) Consolidated Operating Income (Loss) $ 486,144 $ 615,486 $ 467,802 Unallocated Other Income (Expense) (18,742 ) (21,981 ) (33,192 ) Consolidated Income Before Taxes $ 467,402 $ 593,505 $ 434,610 The Company has a broad line of products that it sells to OEMs, EMS companies, and independent distributors. The distribution of sales by customer type is shown below: Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Distributors $ 1,798,291 $ 2,019,842 $ 1,902,499 OEMs 1,378,065 1,229,114 1,138,569 EMS companies 225,689 248,445 199,419 $ 3,402,045 $ 3,497,401 $ 3,240,487 Net revenues were attributable to customers in the following regions: Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Asia $ 1,255,563 $ 1,347,893 $ 1,392,267 Europe 1,255,652 1,146,898 1,072,025 Americas 890,830 1,002,610 776,195 $ 3,402,045 $ 3,497,401 $ 3,240,487 The Company generates substantially all of its revenue from product sales to end customers in the industrial, automotive, military and aerospace, medical, power supplies, telecommunications, consumer products, and computing end markets. Sales by end market are presented below: Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Industrial $ 1,216,078 $ 1,377,043 $ 1,269,150 Automotive 1,202,923 1,067,499 994,039 Military and Aerospace 271,871 215,078 170,484 Medical 152,611 133,808 130,126 Other* 558,562 703,973 676,688 $ 3,402,045 $ 3,497,401 $ 3,240,487 *Power supplies, telecommunications, consumer products, and computing The following table summarizes net revenues based on revenues generated by subsidiaries located within the identified geographic area: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 United States $ 879,734 $ 974,503 $ 750,862 Germany 1,076,812 1,005,796 976,907 Other Europe 151,160 142,454 134,773 Israel 29,560 25,844 20,362 Asia 1,264,779 1,348,804 1,357,583 $ 3,402,045 $ 3,497,401 $ 3,240,487 The following table summarizes property and equipment based on physical location: December 31, 2023 2022 United States $ 162,428 $ 144,112 Germany 305,504 229,449 Other Europe 148,646 118,672 Israel 98,800 87,174 People's Republic of China 250,209 250,669 Republic of China (Taiwan) 207,515 192,456 Other Asia 108,055 98,332 Other 13,489 9,595 $ 1,294,646 $ 1,130,459

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings Per Share	Note 16 – Earnings Per Share Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding adjusted to include the potentially dilutive effect of restricted stock units (see Note 12), convertible debt instruments (see Note 6), and other potentially dilutive securities. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (shares in thousands) Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Numerator: Net earnings attributable to Vishay stockholders $ 323,820 $ 428,810 $ 297,970 Denominator: Denominator for basic earnings per share: Weighted average shares 139,318 143,176 144,796 Outstanding phantom stock units 129 223 209 Adjusted weighted average shares - basic 139,447 143,399 145,005 Effect of dilutive securities: Restricted stock units 799 516 488 Convertible debt instruments - - 2 Dilutive potential common shares 799 516 490 Denominator for diluted earnings per share: Adjusted weighted average shares - diluted 140,246 143,915 145,495 Basic earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders $ 2.32 $ 2.99 $ 2.05 Diluted earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders $ 2.31 $ 2.98 $ 2.05 Diluted earnings per share for the years presented do not reflect the following weighted average potential common shares, as the effect would be antidilutive (in thousands) Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Restricted stock units 82 251 279 If the average market price of Vishay common stock is less than the effective conversion prices of the convertible senior notes due 2025 and due 2030, respectively, no shares are included in the diluted earnings per share computation for the convertible senior notes due 2025 and due 2030. Upon Vishay exercising its existing right to legally amend the indenture governing the convertible senior notes due 2025, Vishay will satisfy its conversion obligations by paying $1 cash per $1 principal amount of converted notes and settle any additional amounts due in common stock. Pursuant to the indenture governing the convertible senior notes due 2030, Vishay will satisfy its conversion obligations by paying $1 cash per $1 principal amount of converted notes and settle any additional amounts due in cash and/or common stock. Accordingly, the convertible senior notes due 2025 and due 2030 are not anti-dilutive when the average market price of Vishay common stock is less than the respective effective conversion prices of the convertible senior notes due 2025 and due 2030. In connection with the issuance of the convertible senior notes due 2030, the Company entered into capped call transactions (see Note 6), which were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. The capped calls are intended to reduce the potential dilution to the Company's common stock in the event that at the time of conversion of the convertible senior notes due 2030 the Company's common stock price exceeds the conversion price of the convertible senior notes due 2030.

Additional Cash Flow Informatio

Additional Cash Flow Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Additional Cash Flow Information [Abstract]
Additional Cash Flow Information	Note 17 – Additional Cash Flow Information Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of businesses acquired, consist of the following : Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Accounts receivable $ (3,717 ) $ (26,696 ) $ (67,707 ) Inventories (58,758 ) (119,595 ) (121,492 ) Prepaid expenses and other current assets (42,005 ) (11,380 ) (35,377 ) Accounts payable 743 (61,665 ) 61,481 Other current liabilities (58,120 ) 77,223 79,683 Net change in operating assets and liabilities $ (161,857 ) $ (142,113 ) $ (83,412 )

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Fair Value Measurements	Note 18 – Fair Value Measurements The following table provides the financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis: Total Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 December 31, 2023 Assets: Assets held in rabbi trusts $ 50,378 $ 24,343 $ 26,035 $ - Available for sale securities $ 4,115 4,115 - - Non - U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plan Assets: Equity securities $ 3,925 3,925 - - Fixed income securities $ 21,232 21,232 - - Cash $ 38,130 38,130 - - $ 117,780 $ 91,745 $ 26,035 $ - Liability: MaxPower acquisition contingent consideration $ 938 - - 938 December 31, 2022 Assets: Assets held in rabbi trusts $ 50,173 $ 27,168 $ 23,005 $ - Available for sale securities $ 3,677 3,677 - - Precious metals $ 1,252 1,252 - - Non - U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plan Assets: Equity securities $ 5,876 5,876 - $ - Fixed income securities $ 18,406 18,406 - - Cash $ 41,338 41,338 - - $ 120,722 $ 97,717 $ 23,005 $ - Liability: MaxPower acquisition contingent consideration $ 6,870 - - 6,870 There have been no changes in the classification of any financial instruments within the fair value hierarchy in the periods presented. The Company maintains non-qualified trusts, referred to as “rabbi” trusts, to fund payments under deferred compensation and non-qualified pension plans. Rabbi trust assets consist primarily of marketable securities, classified as available-for-sale, and company-owned life insurance assets. The marketable securities held in the rabbi trusts are valued using quoted market prices on the last business day of the year. The company-owned life insurance assets are valued in consultation with the Company’s insurance brokers using the value of underlying assets of the insurance contracts. The fair value measurement of the marketable securities held in the rabbi trust is considered a Level 1 measurement and the measurement of the company-owned life insurance assets is considered a Level 2 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The Company maintains defined benefit retirement plans in certain of its non-U.S. subsidiaries. The assets of the plans are measured at fair value. Equity securities held by the non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consist of equity securities that are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of the year. The fair value measurement of the equity securities is considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. Fixed income securities held by the non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consist of government bonds in the Philippines and India and corporate notes that are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of the year. The fair value measurement of the fixed income securities is considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. Cash held by the non-U.S. defined benefit retirement plans consists of demand deposits on account in various financial institutions to fund current benefit payments. The carrying amount of the cash approximates its fair value. The Company holds investments in debt securities that are intended to fund a portion of its pension and other postretirement benefit obligations outside of the U.S. The investments are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of the year. The fair value measurement of the investments is considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. From time to time, the Company purchases precious metals bullion in excess of its immediate manufacturing needs to mitigate the risk of supply shortages or volatile price fluctuations. The metals are valued based on quoted market prices on the last business day of the period. The fair value measurement of the metals are considered a Level 1 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The inventory of precious metals bullion in excess of its immediate manufacturing needs was not material at December 31, 2023. The Company may be required to make certain contingent consideration payments to non-employee equity holders of MaxPower pursuant to the acquisition agreement, which would be payable upon the achievement of certain technology milestones, upon favorable resolution of certain technology licensing matters with a third party, and upon the disposition of MaxPower's investment in an equity affiliate. One of the contingencies was resolved in the fourth quarter of 2023, which resulted in no additional payments to the former employees and equity holders of MaxPower. The fair value of these contingent payments is determined by estimating the net present value of the expected cash flows based on the probability of expected payments. The fair value measurement of the contingent consideration payments is considered a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the long-term debt, excluding the deferred financing costs, at December 31, 2023 and 2022 is approximately $836,200 and $491,100, respectively, compared to its carrying value, excluding the deferred financing costs, of $845,102 and $507,344, respectively. The Company estimates the fair value of its long-term debt using a combination of quoted market prices for similar financing arrangements and expected future payments discounted at risk-adjusted rates, which are considered level 2 inputs. At 2023 and 2022, the Company’s short-term investments were comprised of time deposits with financial institutions that have maturities that exceed 90 days from the date of acquisition; however they all mature within one year from the respective balance sheet dates. The Company's short-term investments are accounted for as held-to-maturity debt instruments, at amortized cost, which approximates their fair value. The investments are funded with excess cash not expected to be needed for operations prior to maturity; therefore, the Company believes it has the intent and ability to hold the short-term investments until maturity. At each reporting date, the Company performs an evaluation to determine if any unrealized losses are other-than-temporary. No other-than-temporary impairments have been recognized on these securities, and there are no unrecognized holding gains or losses for these securities during the periods presented. There have been no transfers to or from the held-to-maturity classification. All decreases in the account balance are due to returns of principal at the securities’ maturity dates. Interest on the securities is recognized as interest income when earned. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents were comprised of demand deposits, time deposits with maturities of three months or less when purchased, and money market funds. The Company estimates the fair value of its cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments using level 2 inputs. Based on the current interest rates for similar investments with comparable credit risk and time to maturity, the fair value of the Company's cash, cash equivalents, and held-to-maturity short-term investments approximate the carrying amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s financial instruments also include accounts receivable and accounts payable. The carrying amounts for these financial instruments reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair values.

Related Party Transactions

Related Party Transactions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
Related Party Transactions	Note 19 – Related Party Transactions Vishay Precision Group, Inc. On July 6, 2010, Vishay completed the spin-off of its measurements and foil resistors businesses into an independent, publicly-traded company, Vishay Precision Group, Inc. Vishay’s common stockholders received 1 share of VPG common stock for every 14 shares of Vishay common stock they held on the record date, June 25, 2010, and Vishay’s Class B common stockholders received 1 share of VPG Class B common stock for every 14 shares of Vishay Class B common stock they held on the record date. Following the spin-off, VPG is an independent company and Vishay retains no ownership interest. Relationship with VPG after Spin-off Following the spin-off, VPG and Vishay operate separately, each as independent public companies. Vishay has no ownership interest in VPG. However, Ruta Zandman solely or on a shared basis with Marc Zandman and Ziv Shoshani, all of whom are members of Vishay's Board of Directors, control a large portion of the voting power of both Vishay and VPG. Marc Zandman, Vishay’s Executive Chairman of the Board and an executive officer of Vishay, serves on the Board of Directors of VPG. Ziv Shoshani, CEO of VPG, serves as a director of Vishay. Additionally, Timothy V. Talbert, a member of Vishay’s Board of Directors is also a member of the Board of Directors of VPG. In connection with the completion of the spin-off, Vishay and its subsidiaries entered into several agreements with VPG and its subsidiaries that govern the relationship of the parties following the spin-off. Among the agreements entered into with VPG and its subsidiaries were a transition services agreement, several lease agreements, and supply agreements. None of the agreements have had nor are expected to have a material impact on Vishay’s financial position, results of operations, or liquidity. Some of these agreements have expired and have not been renewed. Vishay also entered into a trademark license agreement with VPG pursuant to which Vishay granted VPG the license to use certain trademarks, service marks, logos, trade names, entity names, and domain names which include the term “Vishay.” The license granted VPG the limited, exclusive, royalty-free right and license to use certain marks and names incorporating the term “Vishay” in connection with the design, development, manufacture, marketing, provision and performance of certain VPG products that do not compete with any products within Vishay’s product range as constituted immediately following the separation and certain services provided in connection with the products. The license cannot be terminated except as a result of willful misconduct or liquidation bankruptcy of VPG.

Insider Trading Arrangements

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Summary of Significant Accoun_2

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Principles of Consolidation	Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Vishay and all of its subsidiaries in which a controlling financial interest is maintained. For those consolidated subsidiaries in which the Company’s ownership is less than 100 percent, the outside stockholders’ interests are shown as noncontrolling interests in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Investments in affiliates over which the Company has significant influence but not a controlling interest are carried on the equity basis. Investments in affiliates over which the Company does not have significant influence are accounted for by the cost method. All intercompany transactions, accounts, and profits are eliminated.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers when it satisfies the performance obligations within the contract. The Company has framework agreements with many of its customers that contain the terms and conditions of future sales, but do not create enforceable rights or obligations. For revenue recognition purposes, the Company considers the combined purchase orders and the terms and conditions contained within such framework agreements to be contracts. Payment terms for the Company's sales are generally less than sixty days. Substantially all of the Company's receivables historically have been and are expected to continue to be collected within twelve months of the transfer of products to the customer and the Company expects this to continue going forward. Accordingly, the Company does not recognize a financing component of the transaction price. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in contracts with customers, and excludes any sales incentives and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies its performance obligations. The Company analyzes its contracts to determine whether the promise in the contract to construct and transfer goods to the customer is a performance obligation that will be satisfied over time or at a point in time. When the Company's performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Company and the Company has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date, the Company transfers control of a good or service over time and, therefore, satisfies a performance obligation and recognizes revenue over time. The Company has a limited number of contracts for custom products that meet the criteria to recognize revenue over time. The Company's contracts contain two performance obligations: delivery of products and warranty protection. The Company does not sell separate, enhanced, or extended warranty coverage, but through its customary business practices, the Company has created implied service-type warranties, which are accounted for as separate performance obligations. Revenue is allocated between these two performance obligations and recognized as the obligations are satisfied. The allocation of revenue to warranty protection is based on an estimate of expected cost plus margin. The delivery of products performance obligation is satisfied and product sales revenue is recognized when the customer takes control of the products. Warranty revenue is deferred and the warranty protection performance obligation is satisfied and revenue is recognized over the warranty period, which is typically less than twenty four months from sale to end customer. The warranty deferred revenue liability is recorded within Other Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The deferred revenue balance associated with the service-type warranty performance obligations and the components that comprise the change in the deferred revenue balance are not significant. The Company has a broad line of products that it sells to original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"), electronic manufacturing services ("EMS") companies, which manufacture for OEMs on an outsourcing basis, and independent distributors that maintain large inventories of electronic components for resale to OEMs and EMS companies. The Company recognizes revenue on sales to distributors when the distributor takes control of the products ("sold-to" model). The Company has agreements with distributors that allow distributors a limited credit for unsaleable products, which it terms a "scrap allowance." Consistent with industry practice, the Company also has a "stock, ship and debit" program whereby it considers requests by distributors for credits on previously purchased products that remain in distributors' inventory, to enable the distributors to offer more competitive pricing. In addition, the Company has contractual arrangements whereby it provides distributors with protection against price reductions initiated by the Company after product is sold by the Company to the distributor and prior to resale by the distributor. The Company recognizes the estimated variable consideration to be received as revenue and records a related accrued expense for the consideration not expected to be received, based upon its estimate of product returns, scrap allowances, "stock, ship and debit" credits, and price protection credits that will be attributable to sales recorded through the end of the period. The Company makes these estimates based upon sales levels to its distributors during the period, inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market conditions, and historical experience under the programs. The Company utilizes a number of different methodologies and considers several factors when estimating the accruals. Some of the factors considered include sales levels to distributors during the relevant period, inventory levels at the distributors, current and projected market trends and conditions, recent and historical activity under the relevant programs, changes in program policies, and open requests for credits. These procedures require the exercise of significant judgments. The Company believes that it has a reasonable basis to estimate future credits under the programs. See sales returns and allowances accrual activity in Note 9. The Company pays commissions to external sales representatives on a per-sale basis. Accordingly, these commissions are expensed as incurred because the future amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. Internal staff are not paid commissions. The Company has elected to account for shipping and handling as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the product even if the shipping and handling activities are performed after the customer obtains control. The Company does not evaluate whether shipping and handling activities are promised services to its customers. If control transfers and revenue is recognized for the related products before the shipping and handling activities occur, the related costs of those shipping and handling activities is accrued. The Company applies this accounting policy election consistently to similar types of transactions. See disaggregated revenue information in Note 15
Research and Development Expenses	Research and Development Expenses Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. The amount charged to expense for research and development (exclusive of purchased in-process research and development) aggregated $99,506, $81,182, and $77,377, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The Company spends additional amounts for the development of machinery and equipment for new processes and for cost reduction measures.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from differences between the financial and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted. Valuation allowances have been established for deferred tax assets which the Company believes do not meet GAAP criteria of “more likely than not” to be realized. This criterion requires a level of judgment regarding future taxable income, which may be revised due to changes in market conditions, tax laws, or other factors. If the Company’s assumptions and estimates change in the future, valuation allowances established may be increased, resulting in increased tax expense. Conversely, if the Company is ultimately able to utilize all or a portion of the deferred tax assets for which a valuation allowance has been established, then the related portion of the valuation allowance can be released, resulting in decreased tax expense. The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in evaluating the Company’s tax positions and determining its provision for income taxes. During the ordinary course of business, there are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Company establishes reserves for tax-related uncertainties based on estimates of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. These reserves are established when the Company believes that certain positions might be challenged despite the Company’s belief that its tax return positions are fully supportable. The Company adjusts these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances and the provision for income taxes includes the impact of reserve provisions and changes to reserves that are considered appropriate. These accruals for tax-related uncertainties are based on management’s best estimate of potential tax exposures. When particular matters arise, a number of years may elapse before such matters are audited by tax authorities and finally resolved. Favorable resolution of such matters could be recognized as a reduction to the Company’s effective tax rate in the year of resolution. Unfavorable resolution of any particular issue could increase the effective tax rate and may require the use of cash in the year of resolution. The amount included in current liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets reflect only amounts expected to be settled in cash within one year. See Note 5.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments	Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments Cash and cash equivalents includes demand deposits and highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased. Highly liquid investments with original maturities greater than three months, but less than one year are classified as short-term investments. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s short-term investments were comprised of time deposits with financial institutions whose original maturity exceeds three months, but less than one year.
Allowance for Credit Losses	Allowance for Credit Losses The Company estimates its credit losses on financial instruments using a current expected credit loss model. The Company maintains an allowance for accounts receivable credit losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. $369, $ , and $ for the years ended , , and , respectively. The Company’s cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments are accounted for as held-to-maturity debt instruments, at amortized cost. Interest income on these instruments is recorded as "Other income" on the consolidated statements of operations and interest receivable is recognized as a separate asset and recorded in "Prepaid expenses and other current assets" on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company has not experienced a credit loss on the principal or interest receivable of its cash equivalents, short-term investments, or restricted investments. The Company pools its cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments by credit rating of the issuing financial institution and estimates an allowance for credit losses based on the corporate bond default ratios, evaluation of the impact of current and projected economic conditions, and probability of credit loss. Net credit loss expense for cash equivalents, short-term investments, and restricted investments was immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. The Company does not measure an allowance for credit losses on interest receivable. Any uncollectible interest receivable is recognized by reversing interest income within the fiscal quarter that the interest becomes uncollectible.
Inventories	Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined by the first-in, first-out method, or net realizable value. Inventories are adjusted for estimated obsolescence and written down to net realizable value based upon estimates of future demand, technology developments, and market conditions.
Property and Equipment	Property and Equipment Property and equipment is carried at cost and is depreciated principally by the straight-line method based upon the estimated useful lives of the assets. Machinery and equipment are being depreciated over useful lives of seven years to ten years. Buildings and building improvements are being depreciated over useful lives of twenty years to . Construction in progress is not depreciated until the assets are placed in service. The estimated cost to complete construction in progress at was approximately $ . Included in the estimated cost to complete the Itzehoe, Germany 12-inch wafer fab construction project are certain costs for which there are currently no contractual commitments to complete Depreciation expense was $ , $ , and $ for the years ended , 2022, and , respectively. Gains and losses on the disposal of assets which do not qualify for presentation as discontinued operations are included in the determination of operating margin (within selling, general, and administrative expenses). Individually material gains and losses on disposal are separately disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets	Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of a business acquired over the fair value of the related net assets at the date of acquisition. Certain intangible assets may be assigned indefinite useful lives. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but rather are tested for impairment at least annually. These tests are performed more frequently whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. The Company's business segments (see Note 15) represent its reporting units for goodwill impairment testing purposes. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, the Company has no recorded indefinite-lived intangible assets. Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Patents and acquired technology are being amortized over useful lives of seven years to twenty-five years. Capitalized software is amortized over periods of three years to ten years, primarily included in "Costs of products sold" on the consolidated statements of operations. Customer relationships are amortized over useful lives of five years to twenty years. Noncompete agreements are amortized over periods of three years to ten years. The Company continually evaluates the reasonableness of the useful lives of these assets. GAAP prescribes a quantitative method for determining goodwill impairment. The Company has the option of performing a qualitative assessment before performing the quantitative impairment test. If it is determined, on the basis of qualitative factors, that the fair value of the reporting unit is not more likely than not less than the carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is not required. If it is determined that the fair value of the reporting unit is more likely than not less than the carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is required. The Company determines the fair value of the reporting unit and compares that fair value to the net book value of the reporting unit. The fair value of the reporting unit is determined using various valuation techniques, including a comparable companies market multiple approach and a discounted cash flow analysis (an income approach). If the net book value of the reporting unit were to exceed the fair value, the Company would recognize an impairment charge.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets	Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The carrying value of long-lived assets held-and-used, other than goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, is evaluated when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable or the useful life has changed. The carrying value of a long-lived asset group is considered impaired when the total projected undiscounted cash flows from such asset group are separately identifiable and are less than the carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived asset group. Fair market value is determined primarily using present value techniques based on projected cash flows from the asset group. Losses on long-lived assets held-for-sale, other than goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, are determined in a similar manner, except that fair market values are reduced for anticipated disposal costs.
Available-for-Sale Securities	Available-for-Sale Securities Short-term investments and other assets reported on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets include time deposits with financial institutions whose original maturity exceeds three months, but less than one year that are classified as held-to-maturity instruments, and investments in marketable securities that are classified as available-for-sale instruments. The available-for-sale instruments include assets that are held in trust related to the Company’s non-qualified pension and deferred compensation plans (see Note 11) and assets that are intended to fund a portion of the Company’s other postretirement benefit obligations outside of the U.S. These assets are reported at fair value, based on quoted market prices as of the end of the reporting period. Unrealized gains and losses are reported as "Other income (expense)" on the consolidated statements of operations. At the time of sale, the assets that are held in trust related to the Company’s non-qualified pension and deferred compensation plans, any gains (losses) calculated by the specific identification method are recognized as a reduction (increase) to benefits expense, within "Selling, general, and administrative expenses" on the consolidated statements of operations.
Financial Instruments	Financial Instruments The Company uses financial instruments in the normal course of its business, including from time to time, derivative financial instruments. Additionally, from time to time, the Company enters into contracts that are not considered derivative financial instruments in their entirety, but that include embedded derivative features. Other financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, held-to-maturity short-term investments, accounts receivable, and notes payable. The carrying amounts of these financial instruments reported on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. The fair value measurement accounting guidance establishes a valuation hierarchy of the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels: Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions. An asset or liability’s classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation Compensation costs related to stock-based payment transactions are recognized in the consolidated financial statements. The amount of compensation cost is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity (or liability) instruments issued. The Company determines compensation cost for restricted stock units ("RSUs") and phantom stock units based on the grant-date fair value of the underlying common stock adjusted for expected dividends paid over the required vesting period for non-participating awards. Compensation cost is recognized over the period that an officer, employee, or non-employee director is required to provide service in exchange for the award. For RSUs with market conditions, the Company estimates the grant date fair value using a Monte Carlo valuation model and recognizes the expense for the awards over the period in which the condition is assessed regardless of whether the market condition is ultimately achieved. For awards subject to graded vesting, the Company recognizes expense over the service period for each separately vesting portion of the award as if the award was, in-substance, multiple awards. The Company recognizes compensation cost for RSUs that are expected to vest and records cumulative adjustments in the period that the expectation changes.
Foreign Currency Translation	Foreign Currency Translation The Company has significant operations outside of the United States. The Company finances its operations in Europe and certain locations in Asia in local currencies, and accordingly, these subsidiaries utilize the local currency as their functional currency. The Company’s operations in Israel and most significant locations in Asia are largely financed in U.S. dollars, and accordingly, these subsidiaries utilize the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. For those subsidiaries where the local currency is the functional currency, assets and liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets have been translated at the rate of exchange as of the balance sheet date. Translation adjustments do not impact the consolidated results of operations and are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate for the year. While the translation of revenues and expenses into U.S. dollars does not directly impact the statement of operations, the translation effectively increases or decreases the U.S. dollar equivalent of revenues generated and expenses incurred in those foreign currencies. For those foreign subsidiaries where the U.S. dollar is the functional currency, all foreign currency financial statement amounts are remeasured into U.S. dollars. Exchange gains and losses arising from remeasurement of foreign currency-denominated monetary assets and liabilities are included in the consolidated results of operations.
Treasury Stock	Treasury Stock The Company records treasury stock at cost, inclusive of fees, commissions and other expenses, when outstanding common shares are repurchased.
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies The Company has commitments for the purchase of assets to complete its construction in progress as disclosed above. The commitment period for substantially all of these purchase commitments is less than one year. The Company expects to have noncancellable purchase commitments with commitment periods in excess of one year associated with its significant facility expansion programs as the programs progress. As of December 31, 2023, there are no material noncancellable commitments associated with these programs. Liabilities for loss contingencies, including environmental remediation costs, arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, penalties, and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated. The costs for a specific environmental remediation site are discounted if the aggregate amount of the obligation and the amount and timing of the cash payments for that site are fixed or reliably determinable based upon information derived from the remediation plan for that site. Accrued liabilities for environmental matters recorded at December 31, 2023 and 2022 do not include claims against third parties.
Self-Insurance Programs	Self-Insurance Programs The Company uses a combination of insurance and self-insurance mechanisms to provide for the potential liabilities for workers’ compensation, general liability, property damage, director and officers’ liability, and vehicle liability. As part of its self-insurance program for certain risks, the Company created a wholly-owned captive insurance entity in 2007. At December 31, 2023, the captive insurance entity provides only property and general liability insurance, although it is licensed to also provide directors’ and officers’ insurance. The captive insurance entity had no amounts accrued for outstanding claims at December 31, 2023 and 2022. Certain investments held by the captive insurance entity are restricted primarily for the purpose of potential insurance claims. Such amounts are recorded in other noncurrent assets, and total $10,571 and $9,352 at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, representing required statutory reserves of the captive insurance entity.
Leases	Leases The Company leases buildings and machinery and equipment used for manufacturing and/or sales and administrative purposes. The Company is also party to various service, warehousing, and other agreements that it evaluates for potential embedded leases. Substantially all of the Company’s leases are structured and classified as operating leases. The Company leases assets in each region in which it operates. The Company’s leases are generally denominated in the currency of the leased assets' location, which may not be the functional currency of the subsidiary lessee. Accordingly, the Company remeasures its lease liability and recognizes a transactional gain/loss for leases denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the subsidiary lessee. The Company recognizes right of use assets and lease liabilities for leases greater than twelve months in duration based on the contract consideration for lease components through the term of the lease and the applicable discount rate. Leases with a duration less than or equal to twelve months are considered short-term leases. The Company does not recognize right of use assets or lease liabilities for short-term leases and classifies the expense as short-term lease expense. Variable lease payments based on an index or rate are included in the right of use assets and lease liabilities based on the effective rates at lease commencement. Changes in the rates or indices do not impact the right of use asset or lease liability and are recognized as a component of lease expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Variable lease payments not based on an index or rate are not included in the initial right of use asset and lease liability and are recognized when incurred as a component of lease expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company has elected to not separate contract consideration for lease and non-lease components for its building leases. In addition to the noncancellable period of a lease, the Company includes periods covered by extension options it is reasonably certain to exercise, termination options that it is reasonably certain not to exercise, and extension and termination options controlled by the lessor in its determination of the lease term. The Company uses the rate implicit in the contract whenever possible when determining the applicable discount rate. When the implicit rate is not used, the Company employs a portfolio approach based on the duration of the lease. The portfolio lease rates are calculated monthly. No individual lease is considered significant and there are no leases that have not yet commenced that are considered significant. See Note 4 for additional information.
Restructuring and Severance Costs	Restructuring and Severance Costs Restructuring and severance costs reflect charges resulting from cost reduction programs implemented by the Company. Restructuring and severance costs include exit costs, severance benefits pursuant to an on-going arrangement, voluntary termination compensation under a defined program, and any related pension curtailment and settlement charges. The Company recognizes expense for one-time benefits only after management has committed to a plan, the plan is sufficiently detailed to provide the number, classification, and location of employees to be terminated as well as the expected completion date, the plan has been sufficiently communicated to employees such that they are able to determine the type and amount of benefits they will receive if terminated, and it is unlikely that the plan will be significantly changed or withdrawn. If an employee is not required to render service beyond a minimum retention period, the Company recognizes expense once the aforementioned criteria have been met. If an employee is required to render service beyond a minimum retention period, the Company recognizes expense over the period that the employee is required to render future service. The Company recognizes expense for on-going benefit arrangements when the liability is reasonably estimable and considered probable. The Company recognizes expense for voluntary separation / early retirement when the employee delivers an irrevocable voluntary termination notice pursuant to a defined Company program. The Company recognizes other exit costs as incurred. The Company paid cash of $11,474 in the year ended December 31, 2021 due to a restructuring program announced in 2019. The program was substantially completed as of December 31, 2021.
New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recent Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2023-07, Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures
Reclassifications	Reclassifications Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on reported net earnings attributable to Vishay stockholders, total assets, stockholders' equity, or the statements of cash flows.

Earnings Per Share (Policies)

Earnings Per Share (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Discussion on convertible debt included in computation of earnings per share diluted	If the average market price of Vishay common stock is less than the effective conversion prices of the convertible senior notes due 2025 and due 2030, respectively, no shares are included in the diluted earnings per share computation for the convertible senior notes due 2025 and due 2030. Upon Vishay exercising its existing right to legally amend the indenture governing the convertible senior notes due 2025, Vishay will satisfy its conversion obligations by paying $1 cash per $1 principal amount of converted notes and settle any additional amounts due in common stock. Pursuant to the indenture governing the convertible senior notes due 2030, Vishay will satisfy its conversion obligations by paying $1 cash per $1 principal amount of converted notes and settle any additional amounts due in cash and/or common stock. Accordingly, the convertible senior notes due 2025 and due 2030 are not anti-dilutive when the average market price of Vishay common stock is less than the respective effective conversion prices of the convertible senior notes due 2025 and due 2030. In connection with the issuance of the convertible senior notes due 2030, the Company entered into capped call transactions (see Note 6), which were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. The capped calls are intended to reduce the potential dilution to the Company's common stock in the event that at the time of conversion of the convertible senior notes due 2030 the Company's common stock price exceeds the conversion price of the convertible senior notes due 2030.

Goodwill and Other Intangible_2

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Goodwill Rollforward	The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows: MOSFETs Optoelectronic Components Resistors Inductors Total Balance at December 31, 2021 $ - $ 96,849 $ 42,605 $ 25,815 $ 165,269 MaxPower acquisition 36,885 - - - 36,885 Exchange rate effects - - (722 ) - (722 ) Balance at December 31, 2022 $ 36,885 $ 96,849 $ 41,883 $ 25,815 $ 201,432 Centerline acquisition - - 2,213 - 2,213 Purchase price allocation adjustment (2,639 ) - - - (2,639 ) Exchange rate effects - - 410 - 410 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ 34,246 $ 96,849 $ 44,506 $ 25,815 $ 201,416
Other Intangible Assets	Other intangible assets are as follows: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Intangible assets subject to amortization: Patents and acquired technology $ 26,053 $ 26,988 Capitalized software 62,360 58,735 Customer relationships 83,895 82,816 Tradenames 22,300 22,933 Other 400 400 195,008 191,872 Accumulated amortization: Patents and acquired technology (14,931) (14,743 ) Capitalized software (54,203) (53,348 ) Customer relationships (38,664) (33,021 ) Tradenames (14,610) (12,731 ) Other (267) (133 ) (122,675) (113,976 ) Net intangible assets subject to amortization $ 72,333 $ 77,896
Estimated Annual Amortization Expense for Each of the Next Five Years	Estimated annual amortization expense of intangible assets on the balance sheet at December 31, 2023 for each of the next five years is as follows: 2024 $ 9,832 2025 9,372 2026 8,555 2027 6,734 2028 5,975

Leases (Tables)

Leases (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Right of Use Assets and Lease Liabilities	The net right of use assets and lease liabilities recognized on the consolidated balance sheets for the Company's operating leases as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 are presented below: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Right of use assets Operating Leases Buildings and improvements $ 121,578 $ 126,933 Machinery and equipment 5,251 4,260 Total $ 126,829 $ 131,193 Current lease liabilities Operating Leases Buildings and improvements $ 23,647 $ 22,926 Machinery and equipment 2,838 2,393 Total $ 26,485 $ 25,319 Long-term lease liabilities Operating Leases Buildings and improvements $ 100,489 $ 106,693 Machinery and equipment 2,341 1,800 Total $ 102,830 $ 108,493 Total lease liabilities $ 129,315 $ 133,812
Lease Expense	Lease expense is classified in the statements of operations based on asset use. Total lease cost recognized on the consolidated statements of operations is as follows: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Lease expense Operating lease expense $ 27,909 $ 25,606 $ 24,853 Short-term lease expense 988 971 2,031 Variable lease expense 566 365 359 Total lease expense $ 29,463 $ 26,942 $ 27,243
Undiscounted Future Lease Payments for Operating Lease Liabilities	The undiscounted future lease payments for the Company's operating lease liabilities are as follows: 2024 $ 27,474 2025 24,235 2026 19,692 2027 17,802 2028 15,154 Thereafter 68,809

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Taxes [Abstract]
Expected installment payments of one-time transition tax on unremitted foreign earnings	The Company expects future installment payments as follows: 2024 $ 37,622 2025 47,027
Components of income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes and noncontrolling interest	Income before taxes consists of the following components: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Domestic $ 67,938 $ 132,426 $ 62,921 Foreign 399,464 461,079 371,689 $ 467,402 $ 593,505 $ 434,610
Components of income taxes	Significant components of income taxes are as follows: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Current: Federal $ 14,594 $ 24,423 $ 2,336 State and local 1,769 3,313 466 Foreign 152,343 121,810 82,258 168,706 149,546 85,060 Deferred: Federal (4,871 ) (40,136 ) 554 State and local (3,651 ) 532 383 Foreign (18,295 ) 53,080 49,676 (26,817 ) 13,476 50,613 Total income tax expense $ 141,889 $ 163,022 $ 135,673
Deferred tax assets and liabilities	Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows: December 31, 2023 2022 Deferred tax assets: Pension and other retiree obligations $ 29,400 $ 29,327 Inventories 23,836 21,040 Net operating loss carryforwards 81,497 82,498 Tax credit carryforwards 54,363 53,145 Research and development costs 17,829 7,704 Original issue discount interest 20,039 - Other accruals and reserves 25,179 29,930 Total gross deferred tax assets 252,143 223,644 Less valuation allowance (99,663 ) (101,169 ) 152,480 122,475 Deferred tax liabilities: Property and equipment (9,429 ) (8,307 ) Tax deductible goodwill (7,040 ) (6,144 ) Earnings not indefinitely reinvested (88,004 ) (113,661 ) Other - net (6,389 ) (6,879 ) Total gross deferred tax liabilities (110,862 ) (134,991 ) Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) $ 41,618 $ (12,516 )
Federal statutory income tax rate reconciliation	A reconciliation of income tax expense at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to actual income tax provision is as follows: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Tax at statutory rate $ 98,154 $ 124,636 $ 91,268 State income taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit (1,487 ) 3,038 671 Effect of foreign operations 9,260 13,422 5,521 Tax on earnings not indefinitely reinvested 37,061 71,141 54,648 Unrecognized tax benefits 1,999 (4,699 ) 1,318 Change in valuation allowance on deferred tax assets (1,770 ) (58,696 ) (14,921 ) Foreign income taxable in the U.S. 11,829 14,925 9,532 Foreign tax credit (29,997 ) (20,408 ) (9,477 ) U.S. Base Erosion Anti-Abuse Tax 16,837 20,918 9,134 Change in U.S. tax regulations - - (8,276 ) Other 3 (1,255 ) (3,745 ) Total income tax expense $ 141,889 $ 163,022 $ 135,673
Net operating loss carryforwards	At December 31, 2023, the Company had the following significant net operating loss carryforwards for tax purposes: Expires Belgium $ 154,735 No expiration Israel 5,364 No expiration Japan 4,704 2025 2033 Netherlands 10,324 No expiration The Republic of China (Taiwan) 11,728 2026 2028 California 16,517 2028 2037 Pennsylvania 549,914 2024 2043 Arizona 15,516 2032 2040
Summary of significant tax credit carryforwards available	At December 31, 2023, the Company had the following significant tax credit carryforwards available: Expires U.S. Foreign Tax Credit $ 32,468 2028 2030 California Research Credit 20,983 No expiration
Unrecognized tax benefits	The following table summarizes changes in the liabilities associated with unrecognized tax benefits: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Balance at beginning of year $ 18,429 $ 26,719 $ 40,652 Addition based on tax positions related to the current year 1,210 - 141 Addition based on tax positions related to prior years 5,455 3,197 1,037 Currency translation adjustments 230 (366 ) (523 ) Reduction based on tax positions related to prior years - - (13,154 ) Reduction for settlements (10,000 ) (9,420 ) (982 ) Reduction for lapses of statute of limitation (2,467 ) (1,701 ) (452 ) Balance at end of year $ 12,857 $ 18,429 $ 26,719

Long-Term Debt (Tables)

Long-Term Debt (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Long-Term Debt [Abstract]
Long-term debt instruments	Long-term debt consists of the following: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 Credit Facility $ - $ 42,000 Convertible senior notes, due 2025 95,102 465,344 Convertible senior notes, due 2030 750,000 - Deferred financing costs (26,914 ) (6,407 ) 818,188 500,937 Less current portion - - $ 818,188 $ 500,937
Key terms of the convertible debt instruments	The following table summarizes some key facts and terms regarding the outstanding convertible senior notes as of December 31, 2023: Due 2025 Due 2030 Issuance date June 12, 2018 September 12, 2023 Maturity date June 15, 2025 September 15, 2030 Principal amount $ 95,102 $ 750,000 Cash coupon rate (per annum) 2.25 % 2.25% Conversion rate effective December 12, 2023 (per $1 principal amount) 32.1268 33.1609 Effective conversion price effective December 12, 2023 (per share) $ 31.13 $ 30.16 130% of the conversion price (per share) $ 40.47 $ 39.21

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Shares of common stock reserved for future issuance	At December 31, 2023, the Company had reserved shares of common stock for future issuance as follows: Restricted stock units outstanding 1,717,000 Phantom stock units outstanding 120,000 2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan - available to grant 5,250,847 Convertible senior notes, due 2025 3,055,323 Convertible senior notes, due 2030 24,870,675 Conversion of Class B common stock 12,097,148 Total 47,110,993
Stockholder return policy [Table Text Block]	The following table summarizes activity pursuant to this policy: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 Dividends paid to stockholders $ 55,626 $ 57,187 Stock repurchases 78,684 82,972 Total $ 134,310 $ 140,159

Other Income (Expense) (Tables)

Other Income (Expense) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Details of Expenses [Abstract]
Summary of other Income (expense)	The caption “Other” on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations consists of the following: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Foreign exchange gain (loss) $ 677 $ 5,690 $ (2,692 ) Interest income 31,353 7,560 1,269 Other components of periodic pension expense (8,730 ) (11,090 ) (13,206 ) Investment income (expense) 1,347 (6,812 ) (1,036 ) Other 616 (200 ) 11 $ 25,263 $ (4,852 ) $ (15,654 )

Other Accrued Expenses (Tables)

Other Accrued Expenses (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Other Accrued Expenses [Abstract]
Summary of Other Accrued Expenses	Other accrued expenses consist of the following: December 31, 2023 2022 Sales returns and allowances $ 47,760 $ 46,979 Goods received, not yet invoiced 44,657 60,201 Accrued VAT taxes payable 56,218 55,010 Other 90,715 99,416 $ 239,350 $ 261,606
Sales Returns and Allowances Accrual Activity	Sales returns and allowances accrual activity is shown below: Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Beginning balance $ 46,979 $ 39,759 $ 39,629 Sales returns and allowances 101,696 102,640 89,832 Credits issued (101,324 ) (94,682 ) (88,708 ) Foreign currency 409 (738 ) (994 ) Ending balance $ 47,760 $ 46,979 $ 39,759

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_2

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Abstract]
Summary of components of other comprehensive income	The cumulative balance of each component of other comprehensive income (loss) and the income tax effects allocated to each component are as follows: Pension and other post- retirement actuarial items Currency translation adjustment Total Balance at January 1, 2021 $ (77,075 ) $ 90,634 $ 13,559 Other comprehensive income before reclassifications 12,592 (51,978 ) $ (39,386 ) Tax effect (2,509 ) - $ (2,509 ) Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax 10,083 (51,978 ) $ (41,895 ) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI 10,677 - $ 10,677 Tax effect (2,593 ) - $ (2,593 ) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax 8,084 - $ 8,084 Net comprehensive income (loss) $ 18,167 $ (51,978 ) $ (33,811 ) Balance at December 31, 2021 $ (58,908 ) $ 38,656 $ (20,252 ) Other comprehensive income before reclassifications 60,949 (41,885 ) $ 19,064 Tax effect (15,783 ) - $ (15,783 ) Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax 45,166 (41,885 ) $ 3,281 Amounts reclassified out of AOCI 8,260 - $ 8,260 Tax effect (2,116 ) - $ (2,116 ) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax 6,144 - $ 6,144 Net comprehensive income (loss) $ 51,310 $ (41,885 ) $ 9,425 Balance at December 31, 2022 $ (7,598 ) $ (3,229 ) $ (10,827 ) Other comprehensive income before reclassifications (10,338 ) 28,165 $ 17,827 Tax effect 2,462 - $ 2,462 Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax (7,876 ) 28,165 $ 20,289 Amounts reclassified out of AOCI 1,181 - $ 1,181 Tax effect (306 ) - $ (306 ) Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax 875 - $ 875 Net comprehensive income (loss) $ (7,001 ) $ 28,165 $ 21,164 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ (14,599 ) $ 24,936 $ 10,337

Pensions and Other Postretire_2

Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Retirement Plan amounts recorded on consolidated balance sheets	The following table summarizes amounts recorded on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets associated with these various retirement benefit plans: December 31, 2023 2022 Included in "Other assets": Non-U.S. pension plans $ 3,929 $ 4,715 Total included in other assets $ 3,929 $ 4,715 Included in "Payroll and related expenses": U.S. pension plans $ (1,474 ) $ (6,378 ) Non-U.S. pension plans (7,149 ) (6,827 ) U.S. other postretirement plans (510 ) (497 ) Non-U.S. other postretirement plans (390 ) (666 ) Total included in payroll and related expenses $ (9,523 ) $ (14,368 ) Accrued pension and other postretirement costs: U.S. pension plans $ (29,217 ) $ (30,843 ) Non-U.S. pension plans (144,276 ) (135,809 ) U.S. other postretirement plans (3,750 ) (3,831 ) Non-U.S. other postretirement plans (7,173 ) (6,049 ) Other retirement obligations (11,087 ) (10,560 ) Total accrued pension and other postretirement costs $ (195,503 ) $ (187,092 ) Accumulated other comprehensive loss: U.S. pension plans $ (522 ) $ 69 Non-U.S. pension plans 24,891 16,392 U.S. other postretirement plans (1,527 ) (2,031 ) Non-U.S. other postretirement plans 1,488 743 Total accumulated other comprehensive loss* $ 24,330 $ 15,173 * - Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss are presented in this table pre-tax
Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Reconciliation of benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded status	The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded status related to U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Change in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 37,221 $ 203,541 $ 45,613 $ 278,173 Service cost - 3,063 - 4,199 Interest cost 1,997 7,346 1,122 3,200 Plan amendments - (15 ) - 79 Actuarial (gains) losses (272 ) 8,835 (7,668 ) (45,102 ) Benefits paid (8,255 ) (17,160 ) (1,846 ) (16,777 ) Curtailments and settlements - (27 ) - - Currency translation - 5,200 - (20,231 ) Benefit obligation at end of year $ 30,691 $ 210,783 $ 37,221 $ 203,541 Change in plan assets: Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year $ - $ 65,620 $ - $ 75,920 Actual return on plan assets - 1,976 - 790 Company contributions 8,255 12,161 1,846 13,212 Benefits paid (8,255 ) (17,160 ) (1,846 ) (16,777 ) Currency translation - 690 - (7,525 ) Fair value of plan assets at end of year $ - $ 63,287 $ - $ 65,620 Funded status at end of year $ (30,691 ) $ (147,496 ) $ (37,221 ) $ (137,921 )
Amounts recognized in consolidated balance sheet	Amounts recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of the following: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Other assets $ - $ 3,929 $ - $ 4,715 Accrued benefit liability - current (1,474 ) (7,149 ) (6,378 ) (6,827 ) Accrued benefit liability - non-current (29,217 ) (144,276 ) (30,843 ) (135,809 ) Accumulated other comprehensive loss (522 ) 24,891 69 16,392 $ (31,213 ) $ (122,605 ) $ (37,152 ) $ (121,529 )
Components of actuarial items	Actuarial items consist of the following: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Unrecognized net actuarial (gain) loss $ (588 ) $ 24,094 $ (140 ) $ 15,628 Unamortized prior service cost 66 797 209 764 $ (522 ) $ 24,891 $ 69 $ 16,392
Projected and accumulated benefit obligations	The following table sets forth additional information regarding the projected and accumulated benefit obligations: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Accumulated benefit obligation, all plans $ 30,691 $ 194,361 $ 37,221 $ 176,056 Plans for which the accumulated benefit obligation exceeds plan assets: Projected benefit obligation $ 30,691 $ 146,898 $ 37,221 $ 181,207 Accumulated benefit obligation 30,691 144,213 37,221 159,433 Fair value of plan assets - 3,032 - 38,854
Components of the net periodic benefit costs	The following table sets forth the components of net periodic pension cost: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Service cost $ - $ 3,063 $ - $ 4,199 $ - $ 4,693 Interest cost 1,997 7,346 1,122 3,200 1,016 2,968 Expected return on plan assets - (2,270 ) - (1,725 ) - (1,660 ) Amortization of actuarial losses 175 345 1,523 4,760 2,032 7,444 Amortization of prior service cost 144 195 144 216 144 189 Curtailment and settlement losses - 546 - 1,190 - 632 Net periodic pension cost $ 2,316 $ 9,225 $ 2,789 $ 11,840 $ 3,192 $ 14,266
Weighted average assumptions used	The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 of the respective years: 2023 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Discount rate 5.25 % 3.36 % 5.50 % 3.57 % Rate of compensation increase 0.00 % 3.12 % 0.00 % 2.60 % The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic pension costs: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Discount rate 5.50 % 3.57 % 2.50 % 1.19 % Rate of compensation increase 0.00 % 2.60 % 0.00 % 2.07 % Expected return on plan assets 0.00 % 4.11 % 0.00 % 2.96 %
Estimated future benefit payments	Estimated future benefit payments are as follows: U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans 2024 $ 3,347 $ 14,897 2025 3,301 15,450 2026 1,941 17,775 2027 8,306 14,830 2028 3,198 14,744 2029-2033 9,415 74,939
Other Postretirement Benefits [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Reconciliation of benefit obligation, plan assets, and funded status	The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the benefit obligation, plan assets, and accrued benefit cost related to U.S. and non-U.S. non-pension defined benefit postretirement plans: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Change in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 4,328 $ 6,715 $ 7,611 $ 7,782 Service cost 21 221 39 237 Interest cost 225 251 178 55 Actuarial (gains) losses 183 801 (2,525 ) (749 ) Benefits paid (497 ) (681 ) (975 ) (147 ) Currency translation - 256 - (463 ) Benefit obligation at end of year $ 4,260 $ 7,563 $ 4,328 $ 6,715 Fair value of plan assets at end of year $ - $ - $ - $ - Funded status at end of year $ (4,260 ) $ (7,563 ) $ (4,328 ) $ (6,715 )
Amounts recognized in consolidated balance sheet	Amounts recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of the following: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Accrued benefit liability - current $ (510 ) $ (390 ) $ (497 ) $ (666 ) Accrued benefit liability - non-current (3,750 ) (7,173 ) (3,831 ) (6,049 ) Accumulated other comprehensive (income) loss (1,527 ) 1,488 (2,031 ) 743 $ (5,787 ) $ (6,075 ) $ (6,359 ) $ (5,972 )
Components of actuarial items	Actuarial items consist of the following: December 31, 2023 December 31, 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain) $ (1,527 ) $ 1,488 $ (2,031 ) $ 743 $ (1,527 ) $ 1,488 $ (2,031 ) $ 743
Components of the net periodic benefit costs	The following table sets forth the components of net periodic benefit cost: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Service cost $ 21 $ 221 $ 39 $ 237 $ 102 $ 278 Interest cost 225 251 178 55 163 42 Amortization of actuarial (gains) losses (321 ) 8 342 85 53 116 Curtailment and settlement losses - 89 - - - 67 Net periodic benefit cost (benefit) $ (75 ) $ 569 $ 559 $ 377 $ 318 $ 503
Weighted average assumptions used	The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine benefit obligations at December 31 of the respective years: 2023 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Discount rate 5.25 % 3.40 % 5.50 % 3.86 % Rate of compensation increase 0.00 % 4.00 % 0.00 % 4.19 % The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine the net periodic benefit costs: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Discount rate 5.50 % 3.86 % 2.50 % 0.80 % Rate of compensation increase 0.00 % 4.19 % 0.00 % 2.88 %
Estimated future benefit payments	Estimated future benefit payments are as follows: U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans 2024 $ 510 $ 390 2025 499 621 2026 467 205 2027 452 1,525 2028 416 785 2029-2033 1,594 4,897

Stock-Based Compensation (Table

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]
Summary of recognized stock-based compensation expense	The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense recognized: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Restricted stock units $ 16,425 $ 6,323 $ 6,396 Phantom stock units 107 222 209 Total $ 16,532 $ 6,545 $ 6,605
Summary of unrecognized compensation cost and weighted average remaining amortization periods	The following table summarizes unrecognized compensation cost and the weighted average remaining amortization periods at December 31, 2023 (amortization periods in years) Unrecognized Compensation Cost Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Periods Restricted stock units $ 15,174 1.6 Phantom stock units - 0.0 Total $ 15,174
Restricted stock units activity	RSU activity is presented below (number of RSUs in thousands) Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Number of RSUs Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value Number of RSUs Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value Number of RSUs Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value Outstanding: Beginning of year 894 $ 19.73 877 $ 20.08 793 $ 18.90 Granted* 1,180 24.34 336 19.13 319 22.07 Vested** (342 ) 18.86 (306 ) 20.04 (235 ) 18.79 Cancelled or forfeited (15 ) 24.83 (13 ) 20.50 - - End of year 1,717 $ 23.03 894 $ 19.73 877 $ 20.08 Expected to vest 1,702 894 877 * Employees in certain countries are granted equity-linked awards that will be settled in cash and are accounted for as liability awards. The liability awards are not material. The number of RSUs granted excludes these awards. ** The number of RSUs vested includes shares that the Company withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy the statutory tax withholding requirements.
RSUs with performance-based vesting criteria	RSUs with performance-based and market-based vesting criteria are expected to vest as follows (number of RSUs in thousands) Vesting Date Expected to Vest Not Expected to Vest Total January 1, 2024*** 165 - 165 January 1, 2025 168 - 168 January 1, 2026 157 15 172 *** The performance vesting criteria for the performance-based RSUs with a vesting date of January 1, 2024 were achieved.
Phantom stock units activity under the 2007 Program	The following table summarizes the Company’s phantom stock units activity (number of phantom stock units in thousands) Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Number of Phantom Stock Units Grant-date Fair Value per Unit Number of Phantom Stock Units Grant-date Fair Value per Unit Number of Phantom Stock Units Grant-date Fair Value per Unit Outstanding: Beginning of year 226 212 198 Granted 5 $ 21.48 10 $ 22.20 10 $ 20.89 Dividend equivalents issued 2 4 4 Redeemed for common stock* (113 ) - - End of year 120 226 212 * The number of phantom stock units redeemed for common stock includes shares that the Company withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy the statutory tax withholding requirements.

Current Vulnerability Due to _2

Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Geographic Concentration [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations	As of December 31, 2023 the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were concentrated in the following countries: United States 50.2 % People's Republic of China 10.7 % Israel 10.6 % The Republic of China (Taiwan) 9.2 % Germany 6.8 % Singapore 6.3 % Other Asia 3.8 % Other Europe 1.2 % Other 1.2 %
Credit Concentration Risk [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations	As of December 31, 2023, the following financial institutions held over 10% of the Company’s combined cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments balance: JPMorgan* 16.2 % Santander* 16.2 % TD Bank* 15.0 % MUFG Bank Ltd.* 10.8 % Bank of America* 10.1 % *Participant in Credit Facility

Segment and Geographic Data (Ta

Segment and Geographic Data (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Segment and Geographic Data [Abstract]
Segment reporting information	The following tables set forth business segment information: MOSFETs Diodes Optoelectronic Components Resistors Inductors Capacitors Corporate / Other Total Year ended December 31, 2023: Net revenues $ 778,754 $ 690,540 $ 243,146 $ 843,472 $ 347,392 $ 498,741 $ - $ 3,402,045 Segment Operating Income 195,793 153,462 42,963 209,425 99,684 104,985 - $ 806,312 Depreciation expense 35,965 44,904 16,496 39,781 14,963 14,269 8,079 $ 174,457 Capital expenditures 132,543 62,185 23,228 67,085 10,767 21,914 11,688 $ 329,410 Total Assets as of December 31, 2023 $ 702,299 $ 852,703 $ 352,984 $ 946,585 $ 365,111 $ 459,653 $ 560,588 $ 4,239,923 Year ended December 31, 2022: Net revenues $ 762,260 $ 765,220 $ 296,384 $ 832,806 $ 331,086 $ 509,645 $ - $ 3,497,401 Segment Operating Income 228,692 176,422 85,456 235,259 93,453 104,810 (6,661 ) $ 917,431 Depreciation expense 30,551 40,014 14,065 34,903 14,927 14,286 7,118 $ 155,864 Capital expenditures 90,297 69,126 27,776 76,702 35,102 15,214 11,091 $ 325,308 Total Assets as of December 31, 2022 $ 672,048 $ 814,017 $ 385,388 $ 861,870 $ 322,893 $ 496,924 $ 312,513 $ 3,865,653 Year ended December 31, 2021: Net revenues $ 667,998 $ 709,416 $ 302,714 $ 752,554 $ 335,638 $ 472,167 $ - $ 3,240,487 Segment Operating Income 148,652 145,814 82,378 190,953 97,482 85,342 - $ 750,621 Depreciation expense 30,257 40,406 14,585 34,344 14,448 17,129 8,078 $ 159,247 Capital expenditures 44,227 45,772 25,068 57,729 24,377 13,099 8,100 $ 218,372 Total Assets as of December 31, 2021 $ 503,937 $ 815,751 $ 377,815 $ 783,390 $ 355,353 $ 496,129 $ 210,882 $ 3,543,257
Operating margin reconciliation	Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Reconciliation: Segment Operating Income $ 806,312 $ 917,431 $ 750,621 Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses - (546 ) - Unallocated Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses (320,168 ) (301,399 ) (282,819 ) Consolidated Operating Income (Loss) $ 486,144 $ 615,486 $ 467,802 Unallocated Other Income (Expense) (18,742 ) (21,981 ) (33,192 ) Consolidated Income Before Taxes $ 467,402 $ 593,505 $ 434,610
Disaggregation of Revenue	The Company has a broad line of products that it sells to OEMs, EMS companies, and independent distributors. The distribution of sales by customer type is shown below: Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Distributors $ 1,798,291 $ 2,019,842 $ 1,902,499 OEMs 1,378,065 1,229,114 1,138,569 EMS companies 225,689 248,445 199,419 $ 3,402,045 $ 3,497,401 $ 3,240,487 Net revenues were attributable to customers in the following regions: Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Asia $ 1,255,563 $ 1,347,893 $ 1,392,267 Europe 1,255,652 1,146,898 1,072,025 Americas 890,830 1,002,610 776,195 $ 3,402,045 $ 3,497,401 $ 3,240,487 The Company generates substantially all of its revenue from product sales to end customers in the industrial, automotive, military and aerospace, medical, power supplies, telecommunications, consumer products, and computing end markets. Sales by end market are presented below: Years Ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Industrial $ 1,216,078 $ 1,377,043 $ 1,269,150 Automotive 1,202,923 1,067,499 994,039 Military and Aerospace 271,871 215,078 170,484 Medical 152,611 133,808 130,126 Other* 558,562 703,973 676,688 $ 3,402,045 $ 3,497,401 $ 3,240,487 *Power supplies, telecommunications, consumer products, and computing
Revenues Based on Geographic Area	The following table summarizes net revenues based on revenues generated by subsidiaries located within the identified geographic area: Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 United States $ 879,734 $ 974,503 $ 750,862 Germany 1,076,812 1,005,796 976,907 Other Europe 151,160 142,454 134,773 Israel 29,560 25,844 20,362 Asia 1,264,779 1,348,804 1,357,583 $ 3,402,045 $ 3,497,401 $ 3,240,487
Property and Equipment Based on Geographic Area	The following table summarizes property and equipment based on physical location: December 31, 2023 2022 United States $ 162,428 $ 144,112 Germany 305,504 229,449 Other Europe 148,646 118,672 Israel 98,800 87,174 People's Republic of China 250,209 250,669 Republic of China (Taiwan) 207,515 192,456 Other Asia 108,055 98,332 Other 13,489 9,595 $ 1,294,646 $ 1,130,459

Earnings Per Share (Tables)

Earnings Per Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share	The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (shares in thousands) Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Numerator: Net earnings attributable to Vishay stockholders $ 323,820 $ 428,810 $ 297,970 Denominator: Denominator for basic earnings per share: Weighted average shares 139,318 143,176 144,796 Outstanding phantom stock units 129 223 209 Adjusted weighted average shares - basic 139,447 143,399 145,005 Effect of dilutive securities: Restricted stock units 799 516 488 Convertible debt instruments - - 2 Dilutive potential common shares 799 516 490 Denominator for diluted earnings per share: Adjusted weighted average shares - diluted 140,246 143,915 145,495 Basic earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders $ 2.32 $ 2.99 $ 2.05 Diluted earnings per share attributable to Vishay stockholders $ 2.31 $ 2.98 $ 2.05
Weighted Average Potential Common Shares that Would have an Antidilutive Effect or have Unsatisfied Performance Conditions	Diluted earnings per share for the years presented do not reflect the following weighted average potential common shares, as the effect would be antidilutive (in thousands) Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Restricted stock units 82 251 279

Additional Cash Flow Informat_2

Additional Cash Flow Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Additional Cash Flow Information [Abstract]
Changes in operating assets and liabilities	Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of businesses acquired, consist of the following : Years ended December 31, 2023 2022 2021 Accounts receivable $ (3,717 ) $ (26,696 ) $ (67,707 ) Inventories (58,758 ) (119,595 ) (121,492 ) Prepaid expenses and other current assets (42,005 ) (11,380 ) (35,377 ) Accounts payable 743 (61,665 ) 61,481 Other current liabilities (58,120 ) 77,223 79,683 Net change in operating assets and liabilities $ (161,857 ) $ (142,113 ) $ (83,412 )

Fair Value Measurements (Tables

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]
Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Carried at Fair Value Measured on Recurring Basis	The following table provides the financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis: Total Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 December 31, 2023 Assets: Assets held in rabbi trusts $ 50,378 $ 24,343 $ 26,035 $ - Available for sale securities $ 4,115 4,115 - - Non - U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plan Assets: Equity securities $ 3,925 3,925 - - Fixed income securities $ 21,232 21,232 - - Cash $ 38,130 38,130 - - $ 117,780 $ 91,745 $ 26,035 $ - Liability: MaxPower acquisition contingent consideration $ 938 - - 938 December 31, 2022 Assets: Assets held in rabbi trusts $ 50,173 $ 27,168 $ 23,005 $ - Available for sale securities $ 3,677 3,677 - - Precious metals $ 1,252 1,252 - - Non - U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plan Assets: Equity securities $ 5,876 5,876 - $ - Fixed income securities $ 18,406 18,406 - - Cash $ 41,338 41,338 - - $ 120,722 $ 97,717 $ 23,005 $ - Liability: MaxPower acquisition contingent consideration $ 6,870 - - 6,870

Summary of Significant Accoun_3

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) Obligation	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Restructuring Charges [Abstract]
Cash paid			$ 11,474
Minimum ownership of entities that do not have a non-controlling interest (in hundredths)	100%
Revenue Recognition [Abstract]
Number of performance obligations | Obligation	2
Research and Development Expenses [Abstract]
Research and development expense	$ 99,506	$ 81,182	77,377
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-Term Investments [Abstract]
Minimum number of months until maturity from original purchase date for a highly liquid investment to be considered a short-term investment (in months)	3 months
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts [Abstract]
Bad debt expense	$ 369	365	384
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Estimated cost to complete construction in progress	502,500
Depreciation expense	174,457	155,864	$ 159,247
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Indefinite-lived intangible assets	0	0
Self-Insurance Programs [Abstract]
Outstanding claim accrual	0	0
Cash and investments restricted for potential insurance claims	$ 10,571	$ 9,352
Maximum [Member]
Revenue Recognition [Abstract]
Payment terms of sales	60 days
Collection period of receivables	12 months
Maximum [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01
Revenue Recognition [Abstract]
Expected timing of satisfaction of performance obligation	24 months
Machinery and Equipment [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Useful Life	7 years
Machinery and Equipment [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Useful Life	10 years
Building and Building Improvements [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Useful Life	20 years
Building and Building Improvements [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Property and Equipment [Abstract]
Useful Life	40 years
Patents and Acquired Technology [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	7 years
Patents and Acquired Technology [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	25 years
Capitalized Software [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	3 years
Capitalized Software [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	10 years
Customer Relationships [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	5 years
Customer Relationships [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	20 years
Noncompete agreements [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	3 years
Noncompete agreements [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Useful Life	10 years

Acquisition and Divestiture A_2

Acquisition and Divestiture Activities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Nov. 08, 2023	Oct. 28, 2022
Business Acquisition, Equity Interests Issued or Issuable [Line Items]
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired	$ 13,753	$ 50,000	$ 20,847
Goodwill related to acquisitions	2,213	36,885
Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Net [Abstract]
Goodwill	201,416	$ 201,432	$ 165,269
Barry Industries [Member]
Business Acquisition, Equity Interests Issued or Issuable [Line Items]
Business acquisition, effective date of acquisition			Dec. 31, 2021
Business acquisition, name of acquired entity			Barry Industries
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired			$ 20,847
Definite-lived intangible assets			9,600
Goodwill related to acquisitions			$ 7,813
MaxPower Semiconductor, Inc. [Member]
Business Acquisition, Equity Interests Issued or Issuable [Line Items]
Business acquisition, effective date of acquisition		Oct. 28, 2022
Business acquisition, name of acquired entity		MaxPower Semiconductor, Inc.
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired		$ 50,000
Definite-lived intangible assets		18,600
Goodwill related to acquisitions		34,246
Fair value of contingent consideration					$ 6,851
Business combination, contingent consideration arrangements, range of outcomes, value, high	$ 17,500	$ 57,500
Centerline [Member]
Business Acquisition, Equity Interests Issued or Issuable [Line Items]
Business acquisition, effective date of acquisition	Jun. 30, 2023
Business acquisition, name of acquired entity	Centerline Technologies, LLC
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired	$ 5,003
Definite-lived intangible assets	1,500
Goodwill related to acquisitions	$ 2,213
Neptune 6 Limited [Member]
Business Acquisition, Equity Interests Issued or Issuable [Line Items]
Business acquisition, name of acquired entity	Neptune 6 Limited
Business acquisition, percentage of voting interests acquired				100%
Escrow deposit				$ 8,750
Business acquisition, date of acquisition agreement	Nov. 08, 2023
Business combination, price of acquisition, expected	$ 177,000

Goodwill and Other Intangible_3

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 201,432	$ 165,269
Goodwill acquired during period	2,213	36,885
Goodwill impairment loss	0	0	$ 0
Purchase price allocation adjustment	(2,639)
Exchange rate effects	410	(722)
Balance at end of period	201,416	201,432	165,269
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets subject to amortization	195,008	191,872
Accumulated amortization	(122,675)	(113,976)
Net intangible assets subject to amortization	72,333	77,896
Intangible assets, net	72,333	77,896
Amortization expense (excluding capitalized software)	9,916	8,127	7,790
Finite Lived Intangible Assets Future Amortization Expense [Abstract]
2024	9,832
2025	9,372
2026	8,555
2027	6,734
2028	5,975
MOSFETs [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	36,885	0
Goodwill acquired during period	0	36,885
Purchase price allocation adjustment	(2,639)
Exchange rate effects	0	0
Balance at end of period	34,246	36,885	0
Optoelectronic Components [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	96,849	96,849
Goodwill acquired during period	0	0
Purchase price allocation adjustment	0
Exchange rate effects	0	0
Balance at end of period	96,849	96,849	96,849
Resistors [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	41,883	42,605
Goodwill acquired during period	2,213	0
Purchase price allocation adjustment	0
Exchange rate effects	410	(722)
Balance at end of period	44,506	41,883	42,605
Inductors [Member]
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	25,815	25,815
Goodwill acquired during period	0	0
Purchase price allocation adjustment	0
Exchange rate effects	0	0
Balance at end of period	25,815	25,815	$ 25,815
Patents and Acquired Technology [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets subject to amortization	26,053	26,988
Accumulated amortization	(14,931)	(14,743)
Capitalized Software [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets subject to amortization	62,360	58,735
Accumulated amortization	(54,203)	(53,348)
Customer Relationships [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets subject to amortization	83,895	82,816
Accumulated amortization	(38,664)	(33,021)
Tradenames [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets subject to amortization	22,300	22,933
Accumulated amortization	(14,610)	(12,731)
Other [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets subject to amortization	400	400
Accumulated amortization	$ (267)	$ (133)

Leases (Details)

Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]
Right of use assets	$ 126,829	$ 131,193
Current lease liabilities	26,485	25,319
Long-term lease liabilities	102,830	108,493
Total lease liabilities	129,315	133,812
Lease expense [Abstract]
Operating lease expense	27,909	25,606	$ 24,853
Short-term lease expense	988	971	2,031
Variable lease expense	566	365	359
Total lease expense	29,463	26,942	27,243
Cash paid for operating leases	$ 28,164	24,074	$ 23,899
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases	9 years 4 months 24 days
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	6.30%
Undiscounted future lease payments for operating lease liabilities [Abstract]
2024	$ 27,474
2025	24,235
2026	19,692
2027	17,802
2028	15,154
Thereafter	68,809
Building and Improvements [Member]
Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]
Right of use assets	121,578	126,933
Current lease liabilities	23,647	22,926
Long-term lease liabilities	100,489	106,693
Machinery and Equipment [Member]
Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]
Right of use assets	5,251	4,260
Current lease liabilities	2,838	2,393
Long-term lease liabilities	$ 2,341	$ 1,800

Income Taxes (Details)

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes and noncontrolling interests [Abstract]
Domestic			$ 67,938	$ 132,426	$ 62,921
Foreign			399,464	461,079	371,689
Income before taxes			467,402	593,505	434,610
Current [Abstract]:
Federal			14,594	24,423	2,336
State and local			1,769	3,313	466
Foreign			152,343	121,810	82,258
Total current income tax expense			168,706	149,546	85,060
Deferred [Abstract]:
Federal			(4,871)	(40,136)	554
State and local			(3,651)	532	383
Foreign			(18,295)	53,080	49,676
Total deferred income tax expense			(26,817)	13,476	50,613
Total income tax expense			141,889	163,022	135,673
Deferred tax assets [Abstract]:
Pension and other retiree obligations	$ 29,400		29,400	29,327
Inventories	23,836		23,836	21,040
Net operating loss carryforwards	81,497		81,497	82,498
Tax credit carryforwards	54,363		54,363	53,145
Research and development costs	17,829		17,829	7,704
Original issue discount interest	20,039		20,039	0
Other accruals and reserves	25,179		25,179	29,930
Total gross deferred tax assets	252,143		252,143	223,644
Less valuation allowance	(99,663)		(99,663)	(101,169)
Deferred tax assets, net	152,480		152,480	122,475
Deferred tax liabilities [Abstract]:
Property and equipment	(9,429)		(9,429)	(8,307)
Tax deductible goodwill	(7,040)		(7,040)	(6,144)
Earnings not indefinitely reinvested	(88,004)		(88,004)	(113,661)
Other - net	(6,389)		(6,389)	(6,879)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities	(110,862)		(110,862)	(134,991)
Net deferred tax liabilities				(12,516)
Net deferred tax assets	41,618		41,618
Discrete Tax Items Repatriation				59,642	53,316
Tax effects of changes in uncertain tax positions				5,941
Reconciliation of income tax expense at federal statutory rate to actual income tax provision [Abstract]
Tax at statutory rate			98,154	124,636	91,268
State income taxes, net of U.S. federal tax benefit			(1,487)	3,038	671
Effect of foreign operations			9,260	13,422	5,521
Tax on earnings not indefinitely reinvested			37,061	71,141	54,648
Unrecognized tax benefits			1,999	(4,699)	1,318
Change in valuation allowance on deferred tax assets			(1,770)	(58,696)	(14,921)
Foreign income taxable in the U.S.			11,829	14,925	9,532
Foreign tax credit			(29,997)	(20,408)	(9,477)
U.S. Base Erosion Anti-Abuse Tax			16,837	20,918	9,134
Change in U.S. tax regulations			0	0	(8,276)
Other			3	(1,255)	(3,745)
Total income tax expense			141,889	163,022	135,673
Discrete Tax Items - Release of Valuation Allowance				(33,669)	(5,714)
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Discrete tax items included income tax expense			0	20,032	39,326
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Discrete Tax Items Repatriation				(59,642)	(53,316)
Unremitted foreign earnings		$ 385,000		360,000
Tax liability on unremitted foreign earnings	86,000		86,000
Income tax uncertainties [Abstract]
Cash repatriated during the current period	325,000			81,243
Repatriation taxes paid	63,600			25,201
Amount of TCJA tax first installment			27,670	14,757	14,757	$ 14,757	$ 14,757	$ 14,757
Net income taxes paid (refunded)			224,232	134,199	79,106
Company accrued interest and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits	1,947		1,947	2,587
Company recognized interest and penalties.			821	376	591
Unrecognized tax benefits [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of year			18,429	26,719	40,652
Addition based on tax positions related to the current year			1,210	0	141
Addition based on tax positions related to prior years			5,455	3,197	1,037
Currency translation adjustments				(366)	(523)
Currency translation adjustments			230
Reduction based on tax positions related to prior years			0	0	(13,154)
Reduction for settlements			(10,000)	(9,420)	(982)
Reduction for lapses of statute of limitation			(2,467)	(1,701)	(452)
Balance at end of year	12,857	$ 26,719	12,857	$ 18,429	$ 26,719	$ 40,652
2024 [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Expected TCJA tax payment, net	37,622		37,622
2025 [Member]
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Expected TCJA tax payment, net	47,027		47,027
Minimum [Member]
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Decrease in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible	1,250		1,250
Maximum [Member]
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Decrease in Unrecognized Tax Benefits is Reasonably Possible	10,487		10,487
Belgium [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	154,735		154,735
Israel [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	5,364		5,364
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Unremitted foreign earnings			380,000
Japan [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	4,704		$ 4,704
Japan [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward			Dec. 31, 2025
Japan [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward			Dec. 31, 2033
Netherlands [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	10,324		$ 10,324
The Republic of China (Taiwan) [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	11,728		$ 11,728
The Republic of China (Taiwan) [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward			Dec. 31, 2026
The Republic of China (Taiwan) [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward			Dec. 31, 2028
California [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	16,517		$ 16,517
California [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward			Dec. 31, 2028
California [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward			Dec. 31, 2037
Pennsylvania [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	549,914		$ 549,914
Pennsylvania [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward			Dec. 31, 2024
Pennsylvania [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward			Dec. 31, 2043
Arizona [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Net operating loss carryforward	15,516		$ 15,516
Arizona [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward			Dec. 31, 2032
Arizona [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date NOL carryforward			Dec. 31, 2040
Germany [Member]
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Unremitted foreign earnings			$ 218,000
Research Tax Credit [Member] | California [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Tax credit carryforward, amount	20,983		20,983
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Tax Credit Carryforward	20,983		20,983
U.S. Foreign Tax Credit [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Tax credit carryforward, amount	32,468		32,468
Available tax credit carryforwards [Abstract]
Tax Credit Carryforward	$ 32,468		$ 32,468
U.S. Foreign Tax Credit [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date tax credit carryforward			Dec. 31, 2028
U.S. Foreign Tax Credit [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Net operating loss carryforwards [Abstract]
Expiration date tax credit carryforward			Dec. 31, 2030

Long-Term Debt (Details)

Long-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Sep. 07, 2023
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Credit facility	$ 0	$ 42,000
Deferred financing costs	(26,914)	(6,407)
Long-term debt	818,188	500,937
Less current portion	0	0
Long-term debt, less current portion	818,188	500,937
Stock price per share (in dollars per share)				$ 25.13
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	18,874	0	$ 0
Cash paid for capped call	$ 94,200	0	0
Cap price of capped call	$ 43.98
Interest expense [Abstract]
Non-cash interest expense	$ 3,735	3,272	3,272
Committed and uncommitted short-term credit lines	34,000	1,000
Aggregate annual maturities of long-term debt [Abstract]
Interest paid	$ 17,242	13,739	$ 14,177
Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Abstract]
Line of credit facility, initiation date	May 08, 2023
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 750,000
Line of credit facility, expiration date	May 08, 2028
Incremental revolving commitments	$ 300,000
Basis spread on variable rate	1.60%
Commitment fees	0.25%
Investments pro forma ratio	2.75
Restricted payments pro forma ratio	2.5
Restricted payments, annual limit	$ 100,000
Restricted payments ,total limit	300,000
Restricted payments ,rollover limit	25,000
Event of default - judgment limit	50,000
Available borrowing capacity	748,578	707,061
Letters of credit outstanding	$ 1,422	939
Credit Facility Net Leverage Ratio Maximum	3.25
Credit facility foreign borrowing sublimit	$ 250,000
Credit facility maximum unrestricted cash leverage ratio adjustment	$ 250,000
Previous Credit Facility [Member]
Line of Credit Facility [Abstract]
Line of credit facility, expiration date	Jun. 05, 2024
Convertible Senior Notes, Due 2025 [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Convertible debt	$ 95,102	465,344
Issuance date	Jun. 12, 2018
Maturity date	Jun. 15, 2025
Cash coupon rate	2.25%
Effective conversion rate	32.1268
Effective conversion price (in dollars per share)	$ 31.13
130% of the conversion price (in dollars per share)	$ 40.47
Debt instrument percentage of conversion price	130%
Debt instrument, percentage of sale price of common stock	98%
Maximum threshold of quarterly cash dividends per share of common stock for not adjusting conversion rate of convertible notes (in dollars per share)	$ 0.085
Purchase price of extinguished debt		386,745
Loss on early extinguishment of debt		18,874
Liability and equity components of convertible debentures [Abstract]
Principal amount of the convertible debt	$ 95,102
Interest expense [Abstract]
Principal amount of repurchased debt		370,242
Convertible Senior Notes, Due 2030 [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Convertible debt	$ 750,000	$ 0
Issuance date	Sep. 12, 2023
Maturity date	Sep. 15, 2030
Cash coupon rate	2.25%
Effective conversion rate	33.1609
Effective conversion price (in dollars per share)	$ 30.16
130% of the conversion price (in dollars per share)	$ 39.21
Debt instrument percentage of conversion price	130%
Debt instrument, percentage of sale price of common stock	98%
Maximum threshold of quarterly cash dividends per share of common stock for not adjusting conversion rate of convertible notes (in dollars per share)	$ 0.1
Required minimum principal amount upon partial redemption	$ 100,000
Liability and equity components of convertible debentures [Abstract]
Principal amount of the convertible debt	$ 750,000

Stockholders' Equity (Details)

Stockholders' Equity (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) Vote shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved (in shares)	47,110,993
Stock repurchases | $	$ 78,684	$ 82,972
Dividends paid to stockholders | $	55,626	57,187
Total | $	$ 134,310	$ 140,159
Treasury stock, common shares (in shares)	7,535,881	4,240,573
Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Restricted payments (annual limit) | $	$ 100,000
Restricted payments (total limit) | $	300,000
Restricted payments (rollover limit) | $	$ 25,000
Restricted payments pro forma ratio	2.5
Class B Convertible Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Voting rights per share | Vote	10
Conversion feature	one-for-one
Shares reserved (in shares)	12,097,148
Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Voting rights per share | Vote	1
Restricted Stock Units Outstanding [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved (in shares)	1,717,000
2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan - Available to Grant [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved (in shares)	5,250,847
Phantom Stock Units Outstanding [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved (in shares)	120,000
Convertible Senior Notes, Due 2025 [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved (in shares)	3,055,323
Convertible Senior Notes, Due 2030 [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares reserved (in shares)	24,870,675

Other Income (Expense) (Details

Other Income (Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Details of Expenses [Abstract]
COVID-19 Impact on COGS		$ 6,661
COVID-19 Impact on SGA		546
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Foreign exchange gain (loss)	$ 677	5,690	$ (2,692)
Interest income	31,353	7,560	1,269
Other components of net periodic pension expense	(8,730)	(11,090)	(13,206)
Investment income (expense)	1,347	(6,812)	(1,036)
Other	616	(200)	11
Other Income (expense)	$ 25,263	$ (4,852)	$ (15,654)

Other Accrued Expenses (Details

Other Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Other Accrued Expenses [Abstract]
Sales returns and allowances	$ 47,760	$ 46,979
Goods received, not yet invoiced	44,657	60,201
Accrued VAT taxes payable	56,218	55,010
Other	90,715	99,416
Total other accrued expenses	239,350	261,606
Sales returns and allowances accrual activity [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance	46,979	39,759	$ 39,629
Sales returns and allowances	101,696	102,640	89,832
Credits issued	(101,324)	(94,682)	(88,708)
Foreign currency	409	(738)	(994)
Ending Balance	$ 47,760	$ 46,979	$ 39,759

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_3

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	$ (10,827)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	21,164	$ 9,425	$ (33,811)
Ending Balance	10,337	(10,827)
Pension and Other Post-Retirement Actuarial Items [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	(7,598)	(58,908)	(77,075)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	(10,338)	60,949	12,592
Tax effect	2,462	(15,783)	(2,509)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax	(7,876)	45,166	10,083
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI	1,181	8,260	10,677
Tax effect	(306)	(2,116)	(2,593)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax	875	6,144	8,084
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(7,001)	51,310	18,167
Ending Balance	(14,599)	(7,598)	(58,908)
Currency Translation Adjustment [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	(3,229)	38,656	90,634
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	28,165	(41,885)	(51,978)
Tax effect	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax	28,165	(41,885)	(51,978)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI	0	0	0
Tax effect	0	0	0
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax	0	0	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	28,165	(41,885)	(51,978)
Ending Balance	24,936	(3,229)	38,656
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning Balance	(10,827)	(20,252)	13,559
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	17,827	19,064	(39,386)
Tax effect	2,462	(15,783)	(2,509)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net of tax	20,289	3,281	(41,895)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI	1,181	8,260	10,677
Tax effect	(306)	(2,116)	(2,593)
Amounts reclassified out of AOCI, net of tax	875	6,144	8,084
Other comprehensive income (loss)	21,164	9,425	(33,811)
Ending Balance	$ 10,337	$ (10,827)	$ (20,252)

Pensions and Other Postretire_3

Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits (Details) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) Plan	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]
Included in other assets		$ 3,929	$ 4,715
Included in Payroll and related expenses		(9,523)	(14,368)
Accrued pension and other postretirement costs		(195,503)	(187,092)
Total actuarial items	[1]	24,330	15,173
Components of actuarial items [Abstract]
Total actuarial items	[1]	$ 24,330	15,173
Other postretirement benefits [Abstract]
Number of unfunded non-pension postretirement plans | Plan		2
Number of European subsidiaries with unfunded non-pension postretirement plans | Plan		2
Other retirement obligations [Abstract]
Company's matching expense for 401(k) savings plans		$ 7,641	7,083	$ 6,557
Deferred Compensation [Member]
Defined benefit pension plans [Abstract]
Assets held in trust		28,838	28,535
Non-qualified Pension Plans [Member]
Defined benefit pension plans [Abstract]
Assets held in trust		21,095	20,615
Defined Benefit Pension [Member] | U.S. Plans [Member]
Change in benefit obligation [Roll forward]
Benefit obligation at beginning of year		37,221	45,613
Service cost		0	0	0
Interest cost		1,997	1,122	1,016
Plan amendments		0	0
Actuarial (gains) losses		(272)	(7,668)
Benefits paid		(8,255)	(1,846)
Curtailments and settlements		0	0
Currency translation		0	0
Benefit obligation at end of year		30,691	37,221	45,613
Change in plan assets [Roll forward]
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year		0	0
Actual return on plan assets		0	0
Company contributions		8,255	1,846
Benefits paid		(8,255)	(1,846)
Currency translation		0	0
Fair value of plan assets at end of year		0	0	0
Funded status at end of year		(30,691)	(37,221)
Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]
Included in other assets		0	0
Included in Payroll and related expenses		(1,474)	(6,378)
Accrued pension and other postretirement costs		(29,217)	(30,843)
Total actuarial items		(522)	69
Total		(31,213)	(37,152)
Components of actuarial items [Abstract]
Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)		(588)	(140)
Unamortized prior service cost		66	209
Total actuarial items		(522)	69
Projected and accumulated benefit obligations [Abstract]
Accumulated benefit obligation, all plans		30,691	37,221
Plans for which the accumulated benefit obligation exceeds plan assets [Abstract]
Projected benefit obligation		30,691	37,221
Accumulated benefit obligation		30,691	37,221
Fair value of plan assets		0	0
Components of net periodic pension cost [Abstract]
Net service cost		0	0	0
Interest cost		1,997	1,122	1,016
Expected return on plan assets		0	0	0
Amortization of actuarial losses		175	1,523	2,032
Amortization of prior service (credit) cost		144	144	144
Curtailment and settlement losses		0	0	0
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)		$ 2,316	$ 2,789	3,192
Weighted average assumptions used to calculate benefit obligations [Abstract]
Discount rate		5.25%	5.50%
Rate of compensation increase		0%	0%
Weighted average assumptions used calculating net periodic benefit cost [Abstract]
Discount rate		5.50%	2.50%
Rate of compensation increase		0%	0%
Expected return on plan assets		0%	0%
Estimated future benefit payments [Abstract]
2024		$ 3,347
2025		3,301
2026		1,941
2027		8,306
2028		3,198
2029-2033		9,415
Defined Benefit Pension [Member] | Non-U.S. Plans [Member]
Change in benefit obligation [Roll forward]
Benefit obligation at beginning of year		203,541	$ 278,173
Service cost		3,063	4,199	4,693
Interest cost		7,346	3,200	2,968
Plan amendments		(15)	79
Actuarial (gains) losses		8,835	(45,102)
Benefits paid		(17,160)	(16,777)
Curtailments and settlements		(27)	0
Currency translation		5,200	(20,231)
Benefit obligation at end of year		210,783	203,541	278,173
Change in plan assets [Roll forward]
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year		65,620	75,920
Actual return on plan assets		1,976	790
Company contributions		12,161	13,212
Benefits paid		(17,160)	(16,777)
Currency translation		690	(7,525)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year		63,287	65,620	75,920
Funded status at end of year		(147,496)	(137,921)
Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]
Included in other assets		3,929	4,715
Included in Payroll and related expenses		(7,149)	(6,827)
Accrued pension and other postretirement costs		(144,276)	(135,809)
Total actuarial items		24,891	16,392
Total		(122,605)	(121,529)
Components of actuarial items [Abstract]
Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)		24,094	15,628
Unamortized prior service cost		797	764
Total actuarial items		24,891	16,392
Projected and accumulated benefit obligations [Abstract]
Accumulated benefit obligation, all plans		194,361	176,056
Plans for which the accumulated benefit obligation exceeds plan assets [Abstract]
Projected benefit obligation		146,898	181,207
Accumulated benefit obligation		144,213	159,433
Fair value of plan assets		3,032	38,854
Components of net periodic pension cost [Abstract]
Net service cost		3,063	4,199	4,693
Interest cost		7,346	3,200	2,968
Expected return on plan assets		(2,270)	(1,725)	(1,660)
Amortization of actuarial losses		345	4,760	7,444
Amortization of prior service (credit) cost		195	216	189
Curtailment and settlement losses		546	1,190	632
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)		$ 9,225	$ 11,840	14,266
Weighted average assumptions used to calculate benefit obligations [Abstract]
Discount rate		3.36%	3.57%
Rate of compensation increase		3.12%	2.60%
Weighted average assumptions used calculating net periodic benefit cost [Abstract]
Discount rate		3.57%	1.19%
Rate of compensation increase		2.60%	2.07%
Expected return on plan assets		4.11%	2.96%
Estimated future benefit payments [Abstract]
2024		$ 14,897
2025		15,450
2026		17,775
2027		14,830
2028		14,744
2029-2033		74,939
Other Postretirement Benefits [Member] | U.S. Plans [Member]
Change in benefit obligation [Roll forward]
Benefit obligation at beginning of year		4,328	$ 7,611
Service cost		21	39	102
Interest cost		225	178	163
Actuarial (gains) losses		183	(2,525)
Benefits paid		(497)	(975)
Currency translation		0	0
Benefit obligation at end of year		4,260	4,328	7,611
Change in plan assets [Roll forward]
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year		0
Fair value of plan assets at end of year		0	0
Funded status at end of year		(4,260)	(4,328)
Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]
Included in Payroll and related expenses		(510)	(497)
Accrued pension and other postretirement costs		(3,750)	(3,831)
Total actuarial items		(1,527)	(2,031)
Total		(5,787)	(6,359)
Components of actuarial items [Abstract]
Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)		(1,527)	(2,031)
Total actuarial items		(1,527)	(2,031)
Components of net periodic pension cost [Abstract]
Net service cost		21	39	102
Interest cost		225	178	163
Amortization of actuarial losses		(321)	342	53
Curtailment and settlement losses		0	0	0
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)		$ (75)	$ 559	318
Weighted average assumptions used to calculate benefit obligations [Abstract]
Discount rate		5.25%	5.50%
Rate of compensation increase		0%	0%
Weighted average assumptions used calculating net periodic benefit cost [Abstract]
Discount rate		5.50%	2.50%
Rate of compensation increase		0%	0%
Estimated future benefit payments [Abstract]
2024		$ 510
2025		499
2026		467
2027		452
2028		416
2029-2033		1,594
Other Postretirement Benefits [Member] | Non-U.S. Plans [Member]
Change in benefit obligation [Roll forward]
Benefit obligation at beginning of year		6,715	$ 7,782
Service cost		221	237	278
Interest cost		251	55	42
Actuarial (gains) losses		801	(749)
Benefits paid		(681)	(147)
Currency translation		256	(463)
Benefit obligation at end of year		7,563	6,715	7,782
Change in plan assets [Roll forward]
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year		0
Fair value of plan assets at end of year		0	0
Funded status at end of year		(7,563)	(6,715)
Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]
Included in Payroll and related expenses		(390)	(666)
Accrued pension and other postretirement costs		(7,173)	(6,049)
Total actuarial items		1,488	743
Total		(6,075)	(5,972)
Components of actuarial items [Abstract]
Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)		1,488	743
Total actuarial items		1,488	743
Components of net periodic pension cost [Abstract]
Net service cost		221	237	278
Interest cost		251	55	42
Amortization of actuarial losses		8	85	116
Curtailment and settlement losses		89	0	67
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)		$ 569	$ 377	$ 503
Weighted average assumptions used to calculate benefit obligations [Abstract]
Discount rate		3.40%	3.86%
Rate of compensation increase		4%	4.19%
Weighted average assumptions used calculating net periodic benefit cost [Abstract]
Discount rate		3.86%	0.80%
Rate of compensation increase		4.19%	2.88%
Estimated future benefit payments [Abstract]
2024		$ 390
2025		621
2026		205
2027		1,525
2028		785
2029-2033		4,897
Other Retirement Obligations [Member]
Amounts recognized in balance sheet associated with retirement benefit plans [Abstract]
Accrued pension and other postretirement costs		(11,087)	$ (10,560)
Dr. Felix Zandman [Member] | Non-qualified Pension Plans [Member]
Defined benefit pension plans [Abstract]
Assets held in trust		445	$ 1,023
Deferred compensation arrangement, annual retirement benefit to surviving spouse		$ 614
[1]Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss are presented in this table pre-tax

Stock-Based Compensation (Detai

Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	May 23, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Stock-based compensation expense recognized		$ 16,532	$ 6,545	$ 6,605
Unrecognized Compensation Cost		$ 15,174
2007 Stock Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, options, non-vested, outstanding (in shares)					1,294,546
2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Expiration date of stock-based compensation plan		Mar. 24, 2033
Maximum number of shares authorized under restricted stock, unrestricted stock, RSU's and stock options to officers, employees and non-employee directors (in shares)		6,000,000
Share-Based Awards Granted Pursuant to 2023 LTIP in Current Period		761,000
Exercisable (in shares)
Available for future grants (in shares)		5,250,847
Restricted stock units [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Stock-based compensation expense recognized		$ 16,425	$ 6,323	$ 6,396
Unrecognized Compensation Cost		$ 15,174
Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Periods		1 year 7 months 6 days
Number of units [Abstract]
Balance (in shares)		894,000	877,000	793,000
Granted (in shares)		1,180,000	336,000	319,000
Vested (in shares)	[1]	(342,000)	(306,000)	(235,000)
Cancelled or forfeited (in shares)		(15,000)	(13,000)	0
Balance (in shares)		1,717,000	894,000	877,000
Expected to vest (in shares)		1,702,000	894,000	877,000
Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value per Unit [Abstract]
Beginning balance, Weighted average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share)		$ 19.73	$ 20.08	$ 18.9
Granted, Weighted average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share)		24.34	19.13	22.07
Vested, Weighted average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share)	[1]	18.86	20.04	18.79
Cancelled or forfeited, Weighted average grant date fair value (in dollars per share)		24.83	20.5	0
Ending balance, Weighted average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share)		$ 23.03	$ 19.73	$ 20.08
Phantom Stock Units [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Stock-based compensation expense recognized		$ 107	$ 222	$ 209
Unrecognized Compensation Cost		$ 0
Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Periods		0 years
Number of units [Abstract]
Balance (in shares)		226,000	212,000	198,000
Granted (in shares)		5,000	10,000	10,000
Dividend equivalents issued (in shares)		2,000	4,000	4,000
Redeemed for common stock (in shares)		(113,000)	0	0
Balance (in shares)		120,000	226,000	212,000
Weighted Average Grant-date Fair Value per Unit [Abstract]
Granted, Weighted average grant-date fair value (in dollars per share)		$ 21.48	$ 22.2	$ 20.89
Scheduled to Vest January 1, 2024 [Member] | Performance Vested Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Number of units [Abstract]
Balance (in shares)	[2]	165,000
Expected to vest (in shares)	[2]	165,000
Not expected to vest (in shares)	[2]	0
Scheduled to Vest January 1, 2025 [Member] | Performance Vested Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Number of units [Abstract]
Balance (in shares)		168,000
Expected to vest (in shares)		168,000
Not expected to vest (in shares)		0
Scheduled to Vest January 1, 2026 [Member] | Performance Vested Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Number of units [Abstract]
Balance (in shares)		172,000
Expected to vest (in shares)		157,000
Not expected to vest (in shares)		15,000
[1]Employees in certain countries are granted equity-linked awards that will be settled in cash and are accounted for as liability awards.  The liability awards are not material.  The number of RSUs granted excludes these awards.** The number of RSUs vested includes shares that the Company withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy the statutory tax withholding requirements.[2]The performance vesting criteria for the performance-based RSUs with a vesting date of January 1, 2024 were achieved.

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Environmental Matters
Accrued environmental liabilities	$ 12,430
Environmental Loss Contingency, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	true
Accrued environmental liabilities, current	$ 2,936
Environmental Loss Contingency, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other accrued expenses
Accrued environmental liabilities, noncurrent	$ 9,494
Environmental Loss Contingency, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other liabilities
Estimated purchase commitments [Abstract]
2024	$ 57,824
2025	$ 29,109
Other accrued liabilities [Member]
Environmental Matters
Environmental Loss Contingency, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other accrued expenses
Other Noncurrent Liabilities [Member]
Environmental Matters
Environmental Loss Contingency, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other liabilities

Current Vulnerability Due to _3

Current Vulnerability Due to Certain Concentrations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Duration of business operations in Israel		53 years
Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Bank of America [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		10.10%
Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | MUFG Bank Ltd. [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		10.80%
Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | JPMorgan [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage	[1]	16.20%
Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | TD Bank [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		15%
Credit Concentration Risk [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Santander [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		16.20%
Geographic Concentration [Member] | Outside Of United States [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments		$ 660,258
Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Germany [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		6.80%
Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Singapore [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		6.30%
Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Israel [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		10.60%
Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | United States [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		50.20%
Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | The Republic of China (Taiwan) [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		9.20%
Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | People's Republic Of China [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		10.70%
Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Other Asia [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		3.80%
Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Other Europe [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		1.20%
Geographic Concentration [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments [Member] | Other [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		1.20%
Geographic Concentration [Member] | Revenue [Member] | Outside Of United States [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		74%
Customer Concentration Risk [Member] | Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer One [Member]
Concentration Risks [Abstract]
Concentration risk percentage		12.40%	10.20%
[1]Participant in Credit Facility

Segment and Geographic Data (De

Segment and Geographic Data (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) Segment	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of reporting segments | Segment	6
Net revenues	$ 3,402,045	$ 3,497,401	$ 3,240,487
Segment Operating Income	806,312	917,431	750,621
Depreciation expense	174,457	155,864	159,247
Capital expenditures	329,410	325,308	218,372
Total Assets	4,239,923	3,865,653	3,543,257
Distributors [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,798,291	2,019,842	1,902,499
OEMs [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,378,065	1,229,114	1,138,569
EMS Companies [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	225,689	248,445	199,419
Industrial [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,216,078	1,377,043	1,269,150
Automotive [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,202,923	1,067,499	994,039
Military and Aerospace [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	271,871	215,078	170,484
Medical [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	152,611	133,808	130,126
Customers [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	3,402,045	3,497,401	3,240,487
Other [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	558,562	703,973	676,688
Asia [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,264,779	1,348,804	1,357,583
Asia [Member] | Customers [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,255,563	1,347,893	1,392,267
Europe [Member] | Customers [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,255,652	1,146,898	1,072,025
Americas [Member] | Customers [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	890,830	1,002,610	776,195
MOSFETs [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	778,754	762,260	667,998
Segment Operating Income	195,793	228,692	148,652
Depreciation expense	35,965	30,551	30,257
Capital expenditures	132,543	90,297	44,227
Total Assets	702,299	672,048	503,937
Diodes [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	690,540	765,220	709,416
Segment Operating Income	153,462	176,422	145,814
Depreciation expense	44,904	40,014	40,406
Capital expenditures	62,185	69,126	45,772
Total Assets	852,703	814,017	815,751
Optoelectronic Components [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	243,146	296,384	302,714
Segment Operating Income	42,963	85,456	82,378
Depreciation expense	16,496	14,065	14,585
Capital expenditures	23,228	27,776	25,068
Total Assets	352,984	385,388	377,815
Resistors [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	843,472	832,806	752,554
Segment Operating Income	209,425	235,259	190,953
Depreciation expense	39,781	34,903	34,344
Capital expenditures	67,085	76,702	57,729
Total Assets	946,585	861,870	783,390
Inductors [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	347,392	331,086	335,638
Segment Operating Income	99,684	93,453	97,482
Depreciation expense	14,963	14,927	14,448
Capital expenditures	10,767	35,102	24,377
Total Assets	365,111	322,893	355,353
Capacitors [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	498,741	509,645	472,167
Segment Operating Income	104,985	104,810	85,342
Depreciation expense	14,269	14,286	17,129
Capital expenditures	21,914	15,214	13,099
Total Assets	459,653	496,924	496,129
Corporate / Other [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	0	0	0
Segment Operating Income	0	(6,661)	0
Depreciation expense	8,079	7,118	8,078
Capital expenditures	11,688	11,091	8,100
Total Assets	$ 560,588	$ 312,513	$ 210,882

Segment and Geographic Data, Op

Segment and Geographic Data, Operating Margin Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Operating margin reconciliation [Abstract]
Segment Operating Income	$ 806,312	$ 917,431	$ 750,621
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses	0	(546)	0
Consolidated Operating Income (Loss)	486,144	615,486	467,802
Unallocated Other Income (Expense)	(18,742)	(21,981)	(33,192)
Consolidated Income Before Taxes	467,402	593,505	434,610
Segment Reconciling Items [Member]
Operating margin reconciliation [Abstract]
Segment Operating Income	$ (320,168)	$ (301,399)	$ (282,819)

Segment and Geographic Data, Re

Segment and Geographic Data, Revenue and assets by geographic area (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	$ 3,402,045	$ 3,497,401	$ 3,240,487
Property and equipment, net	1,294,646	1,130,459
United States [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	879,734	974,503	750,862
Property and equipment, net	162,428	144,112
Germany [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,076,812	1,005,796	976,907
Property and equipment, net	305,504	229,449
Other Europe [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	151,160	142,454	134,773
Property and equipment, net	148,646	118,672
Israel [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	29,560	25,844	20,362
Property and equipment, net	98,800	87,174
Asia [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,264,779	1,348,804	$ 1,357,583
People's Republic of China [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	250,209	250,669
Republic of China (Taiwan) [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	207,515	192,456
Other Asia [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	108,055	98,332
Other Geographic Area [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Property and equipment, net	$ 13,489	$ 9,595

Earnings Per Share (Details)

Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Numerator [Abstract]
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Vishay stockholders	$ 323,820	$ 428,810	$ 297,970
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share [Abstract]
Weighted average shares (in shares)	139,318	143,176	144,796
Outstanding phantom stock units (in shares)	129	223	209
Adjusted weighted average shares - basic (in shares)	139,447	143,399	145,005
Effect of dilutive securities [Abstract]
Restricted stock units (in shares)	799	516	488
Convertible debt instruments (in shares)	0	0	2
Dilutive potential common shares (in shares)	799	516	490
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share [Abstract]
Adjusted weighted average shares - diluted (in shares)	140,246	143,915	145,495
Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 2.32	$ 2.99	$ 2.05
Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to Vishay stockholders (in dollars per share)	$ 2.31	$ 2.98	$ 2.05
Weighted average other [Member]
Antidilutive Securities [Abstract]
Antidilutive securities (in shares)	82	251	279

Additional Cash Flow Informat_3

Additional Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of businesses acquired [Abstract]
Accounts receivable	$ (3,717)	$ (26,696)	$ (67,707)
Inventories	(58,758)	(119,595)	(121,492)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(42,005)	(11,380)	(35,377)
Accounts payable	743	(61,665)	61,481
Other current liabilities	(58,120)	77,223	79,683
Net change in operating assets and liabilities	$ (161,857)	$ (142,113)	$ (83,412)

Fair Value Measurements (Detail

Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Assets:
Other than Temporary Impairment Losses, Investments, Held-to-maturity Securities	$ 0	$ 0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Unrecognized Holding Gain	0	0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Unrecognized Holding Loss	0	0
Held-to-maturity Securities, Transferred Security, at Carrying Value	0	0
Liabilities:
Long-term Debt	845,102	507,344
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	50,378	50,173
Available for sale securities	4,115	3,677
Precious metals		1,252
Fair Value Assets	117,780	120,722
Liabilities:
MaxPower acquisition contingent consideration	938	6,870
Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	63,287	65,620	$ 75,920
Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	3,925	5,876
Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	21,232	18,406
Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	38,130	41,338
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	24,343	27,168
Available for sale securities	4,115	3,677
Precious metals		1,252
Fair Value Assets	91,745	97,717
Liabilities:
MaxPower acquisition contingent consideration	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	3,925	5,876
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	21,232	18,406
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	38,130	41,338
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]
Liabilities:
Long-term Debt, Fair Value	836,200	491,100
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	26,035	23,005
Available for sale securities	0	0
Precious metals		0
Fair Value Assets	26,035	23,005
Liabilities:
MaxPower acquisition contingent consideration	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Assets held in rabbi trusts	0	0
Available for sale securities	0	0
Precious metals		0
Fair Value Assets	0	0
Liabilities:
MaxPower acquisition contingent consideration	938	6,870
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Defined Benefit Pension Plans [Member] | Foreign Plan [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Assets:
Fair value of plan assets	$ 0	$ 0

Related Party Transactions (Det

Related Party Transactions (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
Common Class B [Member]
Spin-off of Vishay Precision Group, Inc. [Abstract]
Ratio for stock dividend for Vishay Precision Group, Inc	1 share of VPG Class B common stock for every 14 shares of Vishay Class B common stock
Common Stock [Member]
Spin-off of Vishay Precision Group, Inc. [Abstract]
Ratio for stock dividend for Vishay Precision Group, Inc	1 share of VPG common stock for every 14 shares of Vishay common stock