Share-Based Compensation | 9 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2013 |
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract] | ' |
Share-Based Compensation | ' |
11 | Share-Based Compensation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. The following weighted average assumptions were used in the Black-Scholes-Merton model to estimate the fair values of stock options granted during the periods indicated: |
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| | Nine Months Ended | | | Year Ended | | | | | | | | | |
September 30, 2013 | December 31, 2012 | | | | | | | | |
Expected volatility | | | 28.1 | % | | | 28.4 | % | | | | | | | | |
Expected term (years) | | | 5 | | | | 5.1 | | | | | | | | | |
Risk-free interest rate | | | 0.75 | % | | | 0.84 | % | | | | | | | | |
Expected dividend yield | | | 0.57 | % | | | 0.47 | % | | | | | | | | |
Black-Scholes-Merton fair value per stock option granted | | $ | 10.17 | | | $ | 8.54 | | | | | | | | | |
Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The Company used historical exercise data to estimate the stock options’ expected term, which represents the period of time that the stock options granted are expected to be outstanding. Management anticipates that the future stock option holding periods will be similar to the historical stock option holding periods. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the stock option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve at the time of grant. Compensation expense recognized for all share-based awards is net of estimated forfeitures. The Company’s estimated forfeiture rates are based on its historical experience. |
Total share-based compensation expense was as follows: |
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| | Three Months Ended | | | Nine Months Ended | |
| | September 30, | | | September 30, | |
| | 2013 | | | 2012 | | | 2013 | | | 2012 | |
| | (In thousands) | |
Stock option expense | | $ | 2,946 | | | $ | 2,256 | | | $ | 8,005 | | | $ | 7,248 | |
Restricted stock expense | | | 2,072 | | | | 2,106 | | | | 8,521 | | | | 7,327 | |
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Total pre-tax expense | | | 5,018 | | | | 4,362 | | | | 16,526 | | | | 14,575 | |
Related tax benefit | | | (1,657 | ) | | | (1,399 | ) | | | (5,390 | ) | | | (4,957 | ) |
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Reduction of net income | | $ | 3,361 | | | $ | 2,963 | | | $ | 11,136 | | | $ | 9,618 | |
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Pre-tax share-based compensation expense is included in the consolidated statement of income in either Cost of sales, excluding depreciation or Selling, general and administrative expenses, depending on where the recipient’s cash compensation is reported. |
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The following is a summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information: |
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| | Shares | | | Weighted | | | Weighted | | | Aggregate | |
Average | Average | Intrinsic |
Exercise | Remaining | Value |
Price | Contractual | |
| Life | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | | (Years) | | | (In millions) | |
Outstanding at December 31, 2012 | | | 6,840 | | | $ | 22.39 | | | | | | | | | |
Granted | | | 1,270 | | | | 41.75 | | | | | | | | | |
Exercised | | | (1,203 | ) | | | 17.53 | | | | | | | | | |
Forfeited | | | (170 | ) | | | 32.28 | | | | | | | | | |
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Outstanding at September 30, 2013 | | | 6,737 | | | $ | 26.66 | | | | 4.2 | | | $ | 130.4 | |
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Exercisable at September 30, 2013 | | | 3,844 | | | $ | 20.47 | | | | 3.1 | | | $ | 98.2 | |
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The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was $31.5 million. The total fair value of stock options vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was $8.2 million. As of September 30, 2013, there was approximately $17.8 million of expected future pre-tax compensation expense related to the 2.9 million nonvested stock options outstanding, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of less than two years. |
Restricted stock grants are subject to accelerated vesting due to certain events, including doubling of the grant price of the Company’s common stock as of the close of business during any five consecutive trading days. On January 25, 2013, 488,235 shares of restricted stock, which were granted on April 29, 2010, and 26,298 shares of restricted stock, which were granted on July 29, 2010, vested under this accelerated vesting provision. The pre-tax charge to income due to the accelerated vesting of these shares was $2.7 million ($1.9 million net after-tax charge) for the nine months ended September 30, 2013. |
The following is a summary of the Company’s nonvested restricted stock activity and related information: |
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| | Shares | | | Weighted | | | | | | | | | |
Average | | | | | | | | |
Grant Date | | | | | | | | |
Fair Value | | | | | | | | |
| | (In thousands) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nonvested restricted stock outstanding at December 31, 2012 | | | 1,252 | | | $ | 26.71 | | | | | | | | | |
Granted | | | 347 | | | | 41.75 | | | | | | | | | |
Vested | | | (577 | ) | | | 20.88 | | | | | | | | | |
Forfeited | | | (85 | ) | | | 30.71 | | | | | | | | | |
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Nonvested restricted stock outstanding at September 30, 2013 | | | 937 | | | $ | 35.5 | | | | | | | | | |
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The total fair value of restricted stock that vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 was $12.1 million. As of September 30, 2013, there was approximately $23.3 million of expected future pre-tax compensation expense related to the 0.9 million nonvested restricted shares outstanding, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately two years. |