Retirement Plans and Other Postretirement Benefits | 11. Retirement Plans and Other Postretirement Benefits Retirement and Pension Plans The Company sponsors several retirement and pension plans covering eligible salaried and hourly employees. The plans generally provide benefits based on participants’ years of service and/or compensation. The following is a brief description of the Company’s retirement and pension plans. The Company maintains contributory and noncontributory defined benefit pension plans. Benefits for eligible salaried and hourly employees under all defined benefit plans are funded through trusts established in conjunction with the plans. The Company’s funding policy with respect to its defined benefit plans is to contribute amounts that provide for benefits based on actuarial calculations and the applicable requirements of U.S. federal and local foreign laws. The Company estimates that it will make both required and discretionary cash contributions of approximately $2 million to $6 million to its worldwide defined benefit pension plans in 2018. The Company uses a measurement date of December 31 (its fiscal year end) for its U.S. and foreign defined benefit pension plans. The Company sponsors a 401(k) retirement and savings plan for eligible U.S. employees. Participants in the retirement and savings plan may contribute a specified portion of their compensation on a pre-tax The Company’s retirement and savings plan has a defined contribution retirement feature principally to cover U.S. salaried employees joining the Company after December 31, 1996. Under the retirement feature, the Company makes contributions for eligible employees based on a pre-established pre-established The Company has nonqualified unfunded retirement plans for its Directors and certain retired employees. It also provides supplemental retirement benefits, through contractual arrangements and/or a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”) covering certain current and former executives of the Company. These supplemental benefits are designed to compensate the executive for retirement benefits that would have been provided under the Company’s primary retirement plan, except for statutory limitations on compensation that must be taken into account under those plans. The projected benefit obligations of the SERP and the contracts will primarily be funded by a grant of shares of the Company’s common stock upon retirement or termination of the executive. The Company is providing for these obligations by charges to earnings over the applicable periods. The following tables set forth the changes in net projected benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets for the funded and unfunded defined benefit plans for the years ended December 31: U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plans: 2017 2016 (In thousands) Change in projected benefit obligation: Net projected benefit obligation at the beginning of the year $ 498,850 $ 472,477 Service cost 3,538 3,488 Interest cost 20,693 22,153 Actuarial losses 26,922 29,681 Gross benefits paid (29,627 ) (29,005 ) Plan amendments — 56 Net projected benefit obligation at the end of the year $ 520,376 $ 498,850 Change in plan assets: Fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year $ 517,073 $ 508,775 Actual return on plan assets 92,058 36,414 Employer contributions 40,489 889 Gross benefits paid (29,627 ) (29,005 ) Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year $ 619,993 $ 517,073 Foreign Defined Benefit Pension Plans: 2017 2016 (In thousands) Change in projected benefit obligation: Net projected benefit obligation at the beginning of the year $ 258,297 $ 243,924 Service cost 3,600 3,134 Interest cost 6,732 7,896 Foreign currency translation adjustments 26,457 (39,910 ) Employee contributions 228 256 Actuarial (gains) losses (1,563 ) 52,248 Expenses paid from assets (608 ) (770 ) Gross benefits paid (8,964 ) (8,475 ) Plan amendments (1 ) (6 ) Net projected benefit obligation at the end of the year $ 284,178 $ 258,297 Change in plan assets: Fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year $ 188,935 $ 213,296 Actual return on plan assets 13,869 14,346 Employer contributions 14,307 5,886 Employee contributions 228 256 Foreign currency translation adjustments 19,201 (35,604 ) Expenses paid from assets (608 ) (770 ) Gross benefits paid (8,964 ) (8,475 ) Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year $ 226,968 $ 188,935 The accumulated benefit obligation consisted of the following at December 31: U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plans: 2017 2016 (In thousands) Funded plans $ 503,309 $ 480,249 Unfunded plans 6,046 6,212 Total $ 509,355 $ 486,461 Foreign Defined Benefit Pension Plans: 2017 2016 (In thousands) Funded plans $ 235,787 $ 213,877 Unfunded plans 39,531 33,924 Total $ 275,318 $ 247,801 Weighted average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at December 31: 2017 2016 U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plans: Discount rate 3.75 % 4.25 % Rate of compensation increase (where applicable) 3.75 % 3.75 % Foreign Defined Benefit Pension Plans: Discount rate 2.39 % 2.56 % Rate of compensation increase (where applicable) 2.50 % 2.50 % The following is a summary of the fair value of plan assets for U.S. plans at December 31: 2017 2016 Asset Class Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2 (In thousands) Corporate debt instruments $ 1,757 $ — $ 1,757 $ 2,662 $ — $ 2,662 Corporate debt instruments - Preferred 12,574 — 12,574 8,880 — 8,880 Corporate stocks - Common 137,693 137,693 — 109,881 109,881 — Municipal bonds 565 — 565 777 — 777 Registered investment companies 289,693 289,693 — 251,054 251,054 — U.S. Government securities 246 — 246 — — — Total investments 442,528 427,386 15,142 373,254 360,935 12,319 Investments measured at net asset value 177,465 — — 143,819 — — Total investments $ 619,993 $ 427,386 $ 15,142 $ 517,073 $ 360,935 $ 12,319 U.S. equity securities and global equity securities categorized as level 1 are traded on national and international exchanges and are valued at their closing prices on the last trading day of the year. For U.S. equity securities and global equity securities not traded on an active exchange, or if the closing price is not available, the trustee obtains indicative quotes from a pricing vendor, broker or investment manager. These securities are categorized as level 2 if the custodian obtains corroborated quotes from a pricing vendor. Additionally, some U.S. equity securities and global equity securities are public investment vehicles valued using the Net Asset Value (“NAV”) provided by the fund manager. The NAV is the total value of the fund divided by the number of shares outstanding. Fixed income securities categorized as level 1 are traded on national and international exchanges and are valued at their closing prices on the last trading day of the year and categorized as level 2 if valued by the trustee using pricing models that use verifiable observable market data, bids provided by brokers or dealers or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics. The expected long-term rate of return on these plan assets was 7.50% in 2017 and 7.75% in 2016. Equity securities included 512,565 shares of AMETEK, Inc. common stock with a market value of $37.1 million (6.0% of total plan investment assets) at December 31, 2017 and 512,565 shares of AMETEK, Inc. common stock with a market value of $24.9 million (4.8% of total plan investment assets) at December 31, 2016. The objectives of the Company’s U.S. defined benefit plans’ investment strategy are to maximize the plans’ funded status and minimize Company contributions and plan expense. Because the goal is to optimize returns over the long term, an investment policy that favors equity holdings has been established. Since there may be periods of time where both equity and fixed-income markets provide poor returns, an allocation to alternative assets may be made to improve the overall portfolio’s diversification and return potential. The Company periodically reviews its asset allocation, taking into consideration plan liabilities, plan benefit payment streams and the investment strategy of the pension plans. The actual asset allocation is monitored frequently relative to the established targets and ranges and is rebalanced when necessary. The target allocations for the U.S. defined benefits plans are approximately 50% equity securities, 20% fixed-income securities and 30% other securities and/or cash. The equity portfolio is diversified by market capitalization and style. The equity portfolio also includes international components. The objective of the fixed-income portion of the pension assets is to provide interest rate sensitivity for a portion of the assets and to provide diversification. The fixed-income Other than for investments in alternative assets, certain investments are prohibited. Prohibited investments include venture capital, private placements, unregistered or restricted stock, margin trading, commodities, short selling and rights and warrants. Foreign currency futures, options and forward contracts may be used to manage foreign currency exposure. The following is a summary of the fair value of plan assets for foreign defined benefit pension plans at December 31: 2017 2016 Asset Class Total Level 3 Total Level 3 (In thousands) Life insurance $ 21,294 $ 21,294 $ 18,147 $ 18,147 Total investments 21,294 21,294 18,147 18,147 Investments measured at net asset value 205,674 — 170,788 — Total investments $ 226,968 $ 21,294 $ 188,935 $ 18,147 Life insurance assets are considered level 3 investments as their values are determined by the sponsor using unobservable market data. Alternative investments categorized as level 3 are valued based on unobservable inputs and cannot be corroborated using verifiable observable market data. Investments in level 3 funds are redeemable, however, cash reimbursement may be delayed or a portion held back until asset finalization. The following is a summary of the changes in the fair value of the foreign plans’ level 3 investments (fair value determined using significant unobservable inputs): Life Insurance (In thousands) Balance, December 31, 2015 $ 20,486 Actual return on assets: Unrealized (losses) relating to instruments still held at the end of the year (2,339 ) Realized gains (losses) relating to assets sold during the year — Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net — Balance, December 31, 2016 18,147 Actual return on assets: Unrealized gains relating to instruments still held at the end of the year 3,147 Realized gains (losses) relating to assets sold during the year — Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net — Balance, December 31, 2017 $ 21,294 The objective of the Company’s foreign defined benefit plans’ investment strategy is to maximize the long-term rate of return on plan investments, subject to a reasonable level of risk. Liability studies are also performed on a regular basis to provide guidance in setting investment goals with an objective to balance risks against the current and future needs of the plans. The trustees consider the risk associated with the different asset classes, relative to the plans’ liabilities and how this can be affected by diversification, and the relative returns available on equities, fixed-income investments, real estate and cash. Also, the likely volatility of those returns and the cash flow requirements of the plans are considered. It is expected that equities will outperform fixed-income investments over the long term. However, the trustees recognize the fact that fixed-income investments may better match the liabilities for pensioners. Because of the relatively young active employee group covered by the plans and the immature nature of the plans, the trustees have chosen to adopt an asset allocation strategy more heavily weighted toward equity investments. This asset allocation strategy will be reviewed, from time to time, in view of changes in market conditions and in the plans’ liability profile. The target allocations for the foreign defined benefit plans are approximately 70% equity securities, 15% fixed-income securities and 15% other securities, insurance or cash. The assumption for the expected return on plan assets was developed based on a review of historical investment returns for the investment categories for the defined benefit pension assets. This review also considered current capital market conditions and projected future investment returns. The estimates of future capital market The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for pension plans with a projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets and pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets were as follows at December 31: U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plans: Projected Benefit Accumulated Benefit Obligation Exceeds Obligation Exceeds Fair Value of Assets Fair Value of Assets 2017 2016 2017 2016 (In thousands) Benefit obligation $ 6,046 $ 26,356 $ 6,046 $ 26,356 Fair value of plan assets — 19,059 — 19,059 Foreign Defined Benefit Pension Plans: Projected Benefit Accumulated Benefit Obligation Exceeds Obligation Exceeds Fair Value of Assets Fair Value of Assets 2017 2016 2017 2016 (In thousands) Benefit obligation $ 186,756 $ 215,893 $ 180,779 $ 209,377 Fair value of plan assets 127,170 146,480 127,170 146,480 The following table provides the amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31: 2017 2016 (In thousands) Funded status asset (liability): Fair value of plan assets $ 846,961 $ 706,008 Projected benefit obligation (804,553 ) (757,147 ) Funded status at the end of the year $ 42,408 $ (51,139 ) Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheet consisted of: Noncurrent asset for pension benefits (other assets) $ 108,039 $ 25,571 Current liabilities for pension benefits (1,901 ) (1,393 ) Noncurrent liability for pension benefits (63,730 ) (75,317 ) Net amount recognized at the end of the year $ 42,408 $ (51,139 ) The following table provides the amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes, at December 31: Net amounts recognized: 2017 2016 (In thousands) Net actuarial loss $ 178,466 $ 204,782 Prior service costs (1,102 ) (1,031 ) Transition asset 7 7 Total recognized $ 177,371 $ 203,758 The following table provides the components of net periodic pension benefit expense (income) for the years ended December 31: 2017 2016 2015 (In thousands) Defined benefit plans: Service cost $ 7,138 $ 6,622 $ 7,000 Interest cost 27,424 30,049 28,670 Expected return on plan assets (53,442 ) (51,140 ) (54,819 ) Amortization of: Net actuarial loss 14,591 10,224 9,383 Prior service costs (47 ) (52 ) (55 ) Transition asset 1 1 1 Total net periodic benefit income (4,335 ) (4,296 ) (9,820 ) Other plans: Defined contribution plans 24,280 23,881 22,750 Foreign plans and other 5,866 5,694 4,800 Total other plans 30,146 29,575 27,550 Total net pension expense $ 25,811 $ 25,279 $ 17,730 The total net periodic benefit expense (income) is included in Cost of sales in the consolidated statement of income. The estimated amount that will be amortized from accumulated other comprehensive income into net periodic pension benefit expense in 2018 for the net actuarial losses and prior service costs is expected to be approximately $12 million. The following weighted average assumptions were used to determine the above net periodic pension benefit expense for the years ended December 31: 2017 2016 2015 U.S. Defined Benefit Pension Plans: Discount rate 4.25 % 4.80 % 4.20 % Expected return on plan assets 7.50 % 7.75 % 7.75 % Rate of compensation increase (where applicable) 3.75 % 3.75 % 3.75 % Foreign Defined Benefit Pension Plans: Discount rate 2.56 % 3.62 % 3.44 % Expected return on plan assets 6.79 % 6.95 % 6.92 % Rate of compensation increase (where applicable) 2.50 % 2.88 % 2.88 % Estimated Future Benefit Payments The estimated future benefit payments for U.S. and foreign plans are as follows: 2018 - $39.8 million; - $40.2 million; - $41.2 million; - $41.9 million; - $42.5 million; - $223.4 million. Postretirement Plans and Postemployment Benefits The Company provides limited postretirement benefits other than pensions for certain retirees and a small number of former employees. Benefits under these arrangements are not funded and are not significant. The Company also provides limited postemployment benefits for certain former or inactive employees after employment but before retirement. Those benefits are not significant in amount. The Company has a deferred compensation plan, which allows employees whose compensation exceeds the statutory IRS limit for retirement benefits to defer a portion of earned bonus compensation. The plan permits deferred amounts to be deemed invested in either, or a combination of, (a) an interest-bearing account, benefits from which are payable out of the general assets of the Company, or (b) the equivalent of a fund which invests in shares of the Company’s common stock on behalf of the employee. The amount deferred under the plan, including income earned, was $25.4 million and $25.2 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Administrative expense for the deferred compensation plan is borne by the Company and is not significant. Multiemployer Defined Benefit Pension Plan For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded $6.0 million in costs as a result of its decision to withdraw from a multiemployer pension plan serving a facility that is currently operating. |