Business Segments | 4. BUSINESS SEGMENTS We manage and report our operations as four business segments: The three geographic regions of RES including: (1) Americas, (2) Europe, Middle East and Africa ("EMEA"), and (3) Asia Pacific; and (4) LaSalle, which offers investment management services on a global basis. Each geographic region offers our full range of real estate services, including agency leasing and tenant representation, capital markets, property and facility management, project and development management, energy management and sustainability, construction management, and advisory, consulting and valuation services. LaSalle provides investment management services to institutional investors and high-net-worth individuals. Operating income represents total revenue less direct and allocated indirect expenses. We allocate all indirect expenses to our segments, other than interest and income taxes, as nearly all expenses incurred benefit one or more of the segments. Allocated expenses primarily consist of corporate global overhead, which we allocate to the business segments based on the budgeted operating expenses of each segment. For segment reporting, (a) gross contract costs and (b) net non-cash mortgage servicing rights ("MSR") and mortgage banking derivative activity are both excluded from revenue in determining "fee revenue". Gross contract costs are excluded from operating expenses in determining "fee-based operating expenses." Excluding these costs from revenue and expenses results in a net presentation which we believe more accurately reflects how we manage our expense base, operating margins, and performance. Refer to Results of Operations, included in Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, for a full description of gross contract costs. In addition, our measure of segment results excludes Restructuring and acquisition charges. Effective January 1, 2018, management expanded the types of costs we include within gross contract costs. Most notably, this refinement includes the compensation and benefits associated with client-dedicated employees. Comparative periods were recast for consistency. This change in gross contract costs resulted in a decrease to fee revenue and was prompted by (i) the increase in compensation and benefits associated with client-dedicated personnel presented on a gross basis as a result of the adoption of ASC Topic 606 and (ii) the continued changes in our business mix, reflecting expansion of businesses that most commonly incorporate client-dedicated employees in the delivery of services. The most significant impacts are within Property & Facility Management and Project & Development Services. The Chief Operating Decision Maker of JLL measures and evaluates the segment results excluding (a) gross contract costs, (b) net non-cash MSR and mortgage banking derivative activity, and (c) Restructuring and acquisition charges. As of June 30, 2018 , we define the Chief Operating Decision Maker collectively as our Global Executive Board, which is comprised of the following: • Global Chief Executive Officer • Global Chief Financial Officer • Chief Executive Officers of each of our four business segments • Global Chief Executive Officer of Corporate Solutions • Global Chief Executive Officer of Capital Markets • Global Chief Human Resources Officer Summarized financial information by business segment is as follows. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in millions) 2018 2017 2018 2017 Americas - Real Estate Services Leasing $ 422.9 388.4 $ 727.4 687.4 Capital Markets 117.8 104.7 228.8 203.8 Property & Facility Management 1,258.4 1,104.6 2,441.9 2,153.7 Project & Development Services 274.5 265.0 544.1 555.5 Advisory, Consulting and Other 78.9 69.8 151.3 132.0 Revenue 2,152.5 1,932.5 4,093.5 3,732.4 Reimbursements (1,226.4 ) (1,110.0 ) (2,408.1 ) (2,188.5 ) Revenue before reimbursements 926.1 822.5 1,685.4 1,543.9 Gross contract costs (156.6 ) (130.4 ) (289.7 ) (262.2 ) Net non-cash MSR and mortgage banking derivative activity (1.3 ) (6.7 ) (4.0 ) (4.0 ) Fee revenue 768.2 685.4 1,391.7 1,277.7 Operating expenses, excluding reimbursed expenses: Compensation, operating and administrative expenses 796.9 702.4 1,485.6 1,368.0 Depreciation and amortization 28.3 23.7 52.6 47.2 Segment operating expenses, excluding reimbursed expenses 825.2 726.1 1,538.2 1,415.2 Gross contract costs (156.6 ) (130.4 ) (289.7 ) (262.2 ) Fee-based segment operating expenses 668.6 595.7 1,248.5 1,153.0 Segment operating income $ 100.9 96.4 $ 147.2 128.7 Equity earnings 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.4 Segment income $ 101.3 96.6 $ 147.7 129.1 EMEA - Real Estate Services Leasing $ 72.9 66.8 $ 131.8 115.6 Capital Markets 89.9 96.5 179.2 156.5 Property & Facility Management 392.3 335.2 742.6 639.1 Project & Development Services 220.8 160.0 443.4 301.7 Advisory, Consulting and Other 70.7 62.7 133.2 111.5 Revenue 846.6 721.2 1,630.2 1,324.4 Reimbursements (153.0 ) (125.5 ) (309.0 ) (227.4 ) Revenue before reimbursements 693.6 595.7 1,321.2 1,097.0 Gross contract costs (305.3 ) (248.9 ) (582.5 ) (480.3 ) Fee revenue 388.3 346.8 738.7 616.7 Operating expenses, excluding reimbursed expenses: Compensation, operating and administrative expenses 683.5 574.6 1,319.7 1,097.6 Depreciation and amortization 11.5 11.1 22.9 21.4 Segment operating expenses, excluding reimbursed expenses 695.0 585.7 1,342.6 1,119.0 Gross contract costs (305.3 ) (248.9 ) (582.5 ) (480.3 ) Fee-based segment operating expenses 389.7 336.8 760.1 638.7 Segment operating (loss) income $ (1.4 ) 10.0 $ (21.4 ) (22.0 ) Equity earnings — — — — Segment (loss) income $ (1.4 ) 10.0 $ (21.4 ) (22.0 ) Continued: Summarized financial information by business segment is as follows. Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in millions) 2018 2017 2018 2017 Asia Pacific - Real Estate Services Leasing $ 58.1 51.2 $ 95.9 81.8 Capital Markets 50.3 36.2 82.7 65.8 Property & Facility Management 541.6 505.4 1,061.4 959.4 Project & Development Services 114.1 110.2 201.1 187.9 Advisory, Consulting and Other 48.8 40.7 83.1 75.1 Revenue 812.9 743.7 1,524.2 1,370.0 Reimbursements (356.2 ) (355.9 ) (677.8 ) (672.4 ) Revenue before reimbursements 456.7 387.8 846.4 697.6 Gross contract costs (205.4 ) (163.0 ) (400.7 ) (293.4 ) Fee revenue 251.3 224.8 445.7 404.2 Operating expenses, excluding reimbursed expenses: Compensation, operating and administrative expenses 427.5 360.7 812.5 660.7 Depreciation and amortization 5.8 5.7 11.4 10.5 Segment operating expenses, excluding reimbursed expenses 433.3 366.4 823.9 671.2 Gross contract costs (205.4 ) (163.0 ) (400.7 ) (293.4 ) Fee-based segment operating expenses 227.9 203.4 423.2 377.8 Segment operating income $ 23.4 21.4 $ 22.5 26.4 Equity earnings 0.7 0.6 1.0 1.4 Segment income $ 24.1 22.0 $ 23.5 27.8 LaSalle Advisory fees $ 67.1 64.4 $ 137.0 126.6 Transaction fees & other 6.7 5.1 23.4 19.3 Incentive fees 17.9 3.4 50.6 15.3 Revenue 91.7 72.9 211.0 161.2 Reimbursements (4.8 ) (4.4 ) (9.6 ) (8.9 ) Revenue before reimbursements 86.9 68.5 201.4 152.3 Gross Contract Costs (1.2 ) (1.2 ) (2.5 ) (2.6 ) Fee revenue 85.7 67.3 198.9 149.7 Operating expenses, excluding reimbursed expenses: Compensation, operating and administrative expenses 70.4 59.4 155.0 127.9 Depreciation and amortization 0.7 0.7 1.5 1.4 Segment operating expenses, excluding reimbursed expenses 71.1 60.1 156.5 129.3 Gross contract costs (1.2 ) (1.2 ) (2.5 ) (2.6 ) Fee-based segment operating expenses 69.9 58.9 154.0 126.7 Segment operating income $ 15.8 8.4 $ 44.9 23.0 Equity earnings 9.1 13.7 22.3 18.3 Segment income $ 24.9 22.1 $ 67.2 41.3 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30, (in millions) 2018 2017 2018 2017 Segment Reconciling Items Fee revenue $ 1,493.5 1,324.3 $ 2,775.0 2,448.3 Gross contract costs 668.5 543.5 1,275.4 1,038.5 Net non-cash MSR and mortgage banking derivative activity 1.3 6.7 4.0 4.0 Revenue before reimbursements 2,163.3 1,874.5 4,054.4 3,490.8 Reimbursements 1,740.4 1,595.8 3,404.5 3,097.2 Revenue $ 3,903.7 3,470.3 $ 7,458.9 6,588.0 Total segment operating expenses, excluding reimbursed expenses & before restructuring and acquisition charges $ 2,024.6 1,738.3 $ 3,861.2 3,334.7 Reimbursed expenses 1,740.4 1,595.8 3,404.5 3,097.2 Total segment operating expenses before restructuring and acquisition charges $ 3,765.0 3,334.1 $ 7,265.7 6,431.9 Operating income before restructuring and acquisition charges $ 138.7 136.2 $ 193.2 156.1 Restructuring and acquisition (credits) charges (11.1 ) 5.4 (10.4 ) 9.9 Operating income $ 149.8 130.8 $ 203.6 146.2 The following table reconciles segment identifiable assets to consolidated amounts. (in millions) June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Real Estate Services: Americas $ 5,027.8 4,745.4 EMEA 2,129.0 2,367.5 Asia Pacific 1,227.2 1,305.0 LaSalle 528.4 548.6 Corporate 275.3 287.9 Consolidated $ 9,187.7 9,254.4 |