Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies | NOTE 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries since their acquisition or formation. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the current period's presentation. Use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements. Preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Depletion of oil and gas properties and impairment of goodwill and proved and unproved oil and gas properties, in part, is determined using estimates of proved, probable and possible oil and gas reserves. There are numerous uncertainties inherent in the estimation of quantities of proved, probable and possible reserves and in the projection of future rates of production and the timing of development expenditures. Similarly, evaluations for impairment of proved and unproved oil and gas properties are subject to numerous uncertainties including, among others, estimates of future recoverable reserves and commodity price outlooks. Actual results could differ from the estimates and assumptions utilized. Cash and cash equivalents. The Company's cash and cash equivalents include depository accounts held by banks and marketable securities with original issuance maturities of 90 days or less. Investments. Periodically, the Company invests in commercial paper and corporate bonds with investment grade rated entities. The Company also periodically enters into time deposits with financial institutions. Commercial paper and time deposits are included in cash and cash equivalents if they have maturity dates that are less than 90 days at the date of purchase; otherwise, investments are classified as short-term investments or long-term investments in the consolidated balance sheets based on their maturity dates. Investments are carried at amortized cost and classified as held-to-maturity as the Company has the intent and ability to hold them until they mature. The carrying values of held-to-maturity investments are adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts over the remaining life of the investment. Income related to these investments is recorded as interest and other income in the consolidated statements of operations. Accounts receivable. The Company's accounts receivable – trade are primarily comprised of oil and gas sales receivables, joint interest receivables and other receivables for which the Company does not require collateral security. The Company's share of oil and gas production is sold to various purchasers who must be prequalified under the Company's credit risk policies and procedures. The Company records allowances for doubtful accounts based on the age of accounts receivables and the financial condition of its purchasers. T he Company's credit risk related to collecting accounts receivables is mitigated by using credit and other financial criteria to evaluate the credit standing of the entity obligated to make payment on the accounts receivable, and where appropriate, the Company obtains assurances of payment, such as a guarantee by the parent company of the counterparty or other credit support. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , the Company's allowance for doubtful accounts totaled $2 million and $1 million , respectively. The Company establishes allowances for bad debts equal to the estimable portions of accounts receivable for which failure to collect is considered probable. The Company estimates the portions of joint interest receivables for which failure to collect is probable based on percentages of joint interest receivables that are past due. The Company estimates the portions of other receivables for which failure to collect is probable based on the relevant facts and circumstances surrounding the receivable. Allowances for doubtful accounts are recorded as reductions to the carrying values of the receivables included in the Company's consolidated balance sheets and as charges to other expense in the consolidated statements of operations in the accounting periods during which failure to collect an estimable portion is determined to be probable. Inventories. The Company's inventories consist of materials, supplies and commodities. The Company's materials and supplies inventory is primarily comprised of oil and gas drilling or repair items such as tubing, casing, proppant used to fracture-stimulate oil and gas wells, water, chemicals, operating supplies and ordinary maintenance materials and parts. The materials and supplies inventory is primarily acquired for use in future drilling operations or repair operations and is carried at the lower of cost or market, on a weighted average cost basis. Valuation allowances for materials and supplies inventories are recorded as reductions to the carrying values of the materials and supplies inventories in the Company's consolidated balance sheets and as charges to other expense in the consolidated statements of operations. During the second quarter of 2018, the Company made a voluntary change in accounting policy to account for its materials and supplies inventory on a weighted average cost basis, versus using the previous accounting policy of the first-in-first-out basis. The Company made this voluntary change in accounting policy because it believes this method is preferable, as the weighted average cost basis more closely aligns with the physical flow of material and supplies inventory and is more widely utilized in the oil and gas industry. This voluntary change in accounting policy did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements for prior periods. As such, prior periods have not been restated. Commodity inventories are carried at the lower of cost or market, on a first-in, first-out basis. The Company's commodity inventories consist of oil, NGLs and gas volumes held in storage or as linefill in pipelines. Any valuation allowances of commodity inventories are recorded as reductions to the carrying values of the commodity inventories included in the Company's consolidated balance sheets and as charges to other expense in the consolidated statements of operations. The components of inventories are as follows: As of December 31, 2018 2017 (in millions) Materials and supplies (a) $ 128 $ 134 Commodities 114 78 $ 242 $ 212 ____________________ (a) As of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , the Company's materials and supplies inventories were net of valuation allowances of $5 million and $5 million , respectively. Investment in affiliate. In December 2018, the Company completed the sale of its pressure pumping assets to ProPetro Holding Corp. ("ProPetro") in exchange for short-term receivables and 16.6 million shares of ProPetro's common stock, representing an ownership interest in ProPetro of approximately 16 percent as of December 31, 2018. Additionally, the Company is entitled to designate a director and an independent director to ProPetro's board of directors. Based on its ownership in ProPetro and representation on the ProPetro board of directors, the Company has determined it has the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of ProPetro. The Company uses the fair value option to account for its equity method investment in ProPetro. The carrying value of the Company's short-term receivables and investment in ProPetro are classified as accounts receivable – due from affiliates and investment in affiliate, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheets. See Note 4 and Note 11 for additional information. Oil and gas properties. The Company utilizes the successful efforts method of accounting for its oil and gas properties. Under this method, all costs associated with productive wells and nonproductive development wells are capitalized while nonproductive exploration costs and geological and geophysical expenditures are expensed. The Company capitalizes interest on expenditures for significant development projects, generally when the underlying project is sanctioned, until such projects are ready for their intended use. The Company does not carry the costs of drilling an exploratory well as an asset in its consolidated balance sheets following the completion of drilling unless both of the following conditions are met: (i) the well has found a sufficient quantity of reserves to justify its completion as a producing well and (ii) the Company is making sufficient progress assessing the reserves and the economic and operating viability of the project. Due to the capital-intensive nature and the geographical location of certain projects, it may take an extended period of time to evaluate the future potential of an exploration project and the economics associated with making a determination on its commercial viability. In these instances, the project's feasibility is not contingent upon price improvements or advances in technology, but rather the Company's ongoing efforts and expenditures related to accurately predicting the hydrocarbon recoverability based on well information, gaining access to other companies' production data in the area, transportation or processing facilities and/or getting partner approval to drill additional appraisal wells. These activities are ongoing and are being pursued constantly. Consequently, the Company's assessment of suspended exploratory well costs is continuous until a decision can be made that the project has found sufficient proved reserves to sanction the project or is noncommercial and is charged to exploration and abandonments expense. See Note 6 for additional information. The Company owns interests in 11 gas processing plants and two treating facilities. The Company is the operator of the two treating facilities and none of the gas processing plants. Two of the gas processing facilities are under construction and one of the treating facilities is not currently being used. The Company's ownership interests in the gas processing plants and treating facilities are primarily to accommodate handling the Company's gas production and thus are considered a component of the capital and operating costs of the respective fields that they service. To the extent that there is excess capacity at a plant or treating facility, the Company attempts to process third-party gas volumes for a fee to keep the plant or treating facility at capacity. All revenues and expenses derived from third-party gas volumes processed through the plants and treating facilities are reported as components of oil and gas production costs. Third-party revenues generated from the processing plants and treating facilities for the years ended December 31, 2018 , 2017 and 2016 were $78 million , $60 million and $41 million , respectively. Third-party expenses attributable to the processing plants and treating facilities for the same respective periods were $36 million , $26 million and $24 million . The capitalized costs of the plants and treating facilities are included in proved oil and gas properties and are depleted using the unit-of-production method along with the other capitalized costs of the field that they service. The capitalized costs of proved properties are depleted using the unit-of-production method based on proved reserves. Costs of significant nonproducing properties, wells in the process of being drilled and development projects are excluded from depletion until the related project is completed and proved reserves are established or, if unsuccessful, impairment is determined. Proceeds from the sales of individual properties and the capitalized costs of individual properties sold or abandoned are credited and charged, respectively, to accumulated depletion, depreciation and amortization, if doing so does not materially impact the depletion rate of an amortization base. Generally, no gain or loss is recorded until an entire amortization base is sold. However, gain or loss is recorded from the sale of less than an entire amortization base if the disposition is significant enough to materially impact the depletion rate of the remaining properties in the amortization base. The Company performs assessments of its long-lived assets to be held and used, including proved oil and gas properties accounted for under the successful efforts method of accounting, whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of those assets may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is indicated if the sum of the expected future cash flows, including vertical integrated services that are used in the development of the assets, is less than the carrying amount of the assets, including the carrying value of vertical integrated services assets. In these circumstances, the Company recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets. See Note 4 for additional information. Unproved oil and gas properties are periodically assessed for impairment on a project-by-project basis. These impairment assessments are affected by the results of exploration activities, commodity price outlooks, planned future sales or expirations of all or a portion of such projects. If the estimated future net cash flows attributable to such projects are not expected to be sufficient to fully recover the costs invested in each project, the Company will recognize an impairment charge at that time. Goodwill. Goodwill is assessed for impairment whenever it is likely that events or circumstances indicate the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, but no less often than annually. An impairment charge is recorded for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of a reporting unit in the period it is determined to be impaired. In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2017-04, "Simplifying the Test of Goodwill Impairment" ("ASU 2017-04"). ASU 2017-04 simplifies the quantitative goodwill impairment test by eliminating the requirement to calculate the implied fair value of goodwill (step 2 of the previous goodwill impairment test). Instead, a company would record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit's carrying value over its fair value (as measured in step 1 of the previous goodwill impairment test). ASU 2017-04 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. In July 2018, the Company elected to early adopt this update. The adoption of ASU 2017-04 had no impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. The Company performed its annual qualitative assessment of goodwill during the third quarter of 2018 to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of the Company's reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. Based on the results of the assessment, the Company determined it was not likely that the carrying value of the Company's reporting unit exceeded its fair value. Other property and equipment, net. Other property and equipment is recorded at cost. The net carrying values of other property and equipment are as follows: As of December 31, 2018 (a) 2017 (a) (in millions) Land and buildings (b) $ 380 $ 469 Proved and unproved sand properties (c) 36 468 Water infrastructure (d) 343 319 Transport and field equipment (b)(e) 50 152 Information technology 143 140 Leasehold improvements 13 20 Furniture and fixtures 15 19 Construction in progress and capitalized interest (f) 311 175 $ 1,291 $ 1,762 ____________________ (a) At December 31, 2018 and 2017 , other property and equipment was net of accumulated depreciation of $854 million and $937 million , respectively. (b) The decrease from December 31, 2017 is primarily due to the Company's sale of its pressure pumping assets on December 31, 2018 . (c) Includes sand mines, facilities and unproved leaseholds that primarily provide the Company with proppant for use in the fracture stimulation of oil and gas wells. The decrease from December 31, 2017 is primarily due to the Company's plan to close its sand mine located in Brady, Texas. Other property and equipment associated with the Brady, Texas sand mine was subject to accelerated depreciation to reduce such property and equipment to its net realizable value by its expected closure in May 2019. The accelerated depreciation associated with the planned closure is recorded to other expense in the consolidated statements of operations. See Note 3 for additional information. (d) Includes pipeline infrastructure costs and water supply wells. (e) Includes vehicles and well servicing equipment, including pulling units, fracture stimulation tanks, water transport trucks, hot oilers, construction equipment and fishing tools that provide well services on Company-operated properties. (f) Includes capitalized costs and capitalized interest on other property and equipment not yet placed in service as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 . Construction in progress, including related capitalized interest, associated with the Company's new corporate headquarters was $217 million and $ 57 million as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. See Note 10 for additional information. Other property and equipment is depreciated over its estimated useful life on a straight-line basis. Buildings are generally depreciated over 20 to 39 years . Equipment, vehicles, furniture and fixtures and information technology assets are generally depreciated over two to 15 years . Water infrastructure is generally depreciated over ten to 50 years . Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of their estimated useful lives or the underlying terms of the associated leases. The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recorded is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value. The estimated fair value is determined using either a discounted future cash flow model or another appropriate fair value method. Asset retirement obligations. The Company records a liability for the fair value of an asset retirement obligation in the period in which the associated asset is acquired or placed into service, if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. Asset retirement obligations are generally capitalized as part of the carrying value of the long-lived asset to which it relates. Conditional asset retirement obligations meet the definition of liabilities and are recorded when incurred and when fair value can be reasonably estimated. The Company records the current and noncurrent portions of asset retirement obligations in other current liabilities and other liabilities, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheets and expenditures are classified as cash used in operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. See Note 9 for additional information. Treasury stock. Treasury stock purchases are recorded at cost. Upon reissuance, the cost of treasury shares held is reduced by the average purchase price per share of the aggregate treasury shares held. Issuance of common stock. In January and June of 2016, the Company issued 13.8 million and 6.0 million shares of its common stock, respectively, and realized cash proceeds of $1.6 billion and $937 million , respectively, net of associated underwriting and offering expenses. Revenue recognition. The Company recognizes revenue when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("ASC 606"), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC 605, "Revenue Recognition" ("ASC 605"), on January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with historic accounting under ASC 605. The Company completed a detailed review of its revenue contracts in 2017, which represented all of the Company's revenue streams including oil, NGL and gas sales and sales of purchased oil and gas, in order to adopt the new standard beginning on January 1, 2018. The Company did not record a change to its opening retained earnings as of January 1, 2018 as there was no material change to the timing or pattern of revenue recognition due to the adoption of ASC 606. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606 on January 1, 2018, the Company recognized revenue when it was realized or realizable and earned. Revenues were considered realized or realizable and earned when: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement existed, (ii) delivery occurred or services had been rendered, (iii) the seller's price to the buyer was fixed or determinable and (iv) collectability was reasonably assured. The adoption of ASC 606 as of January 1, 2018 impacted the Company's results of operations as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2018 As Reported ASC 605 Effect of Change (in millions) Revenues and other income: Oil and gas $ 4,991 $ 4,784 $ 207 Costs and expenses: Oil and gas production $ 855 $ 648 $ 207 Changes in oil and gas revenues and oil and gas production costs (specifically gathering, processing and transportation costs) are due to the conclusion under the control model in ASC 606 that the third-party processor or transporter is only providing gas processing or transportation services and that the Company remains the principal owner of the commodity until sold to the ultimate purchaser. This is a change from ASC 605 where the Company historically recorded gas processing fees as a reduction of revenue recognized by the Company, as these fees were considered necessary to separate the wet gas stream into its sellable components (i.e., dry gas and individual NGL components). Under ASC 605, third-party processing and transportation companies were determined to have control of the commodities being processed and transported. As a result of adopting ASC 606, the Company has modified its presentation of revenues and expenses for these arrangements. Revenues related to these agreements are now presented on a gross basis for amounts expected to be received from third-party purchasers through the marketing process. Gathering, processing and transportation expenses related to these agreements, incurred prior to the transfer of control to the purchaser, are now presented as oil and gas production costs. See Note 13 for additional information. The Company enters into purchase transactions with third parties and separate sale transactions with third parties to diversify a portion of the Company's West Texas Intermediate oil ("WTI") sales to a Gulf Coast or export market price and to satisfy unused gas pipeline capacity commitments. Revenues and expenses from these transactions are presented on a gross basis as the Company acts as a principal in the transaction by assuming the risk and rewards of ownership, including credit risk, of the commodities purchased and assuming the responsibility to deliver the commodities sold. Transportation costs associated with purchases and sales of third-party oil and gas are presented on a net basis in purchased oil and gas expense. Firm transportation payments on excess pipeline capacity are recorded as other expense in the consolidated statements of operations. See Note 15 for additional information. Derivatives. All of the Company's derivatives are accounted for as non-hedge derivatives and are recorded at estimated fair value in the consolidated balance sheets. All changes in the fair values of its derivative contracts are recorded as gains or losses in the earnings of the periods in which they occur. The Company enters into derivatives under master netting arrangements, which, in an event of default, allows the Company to offset payables to and receivables from the defaulting counterparty. The Company classifies the fair value amounts of derivative assets and liabilities executed under master netting arrangements as net current or noncurrent derivative assets or net current or noncurrent derivative liabilities, whichever the case may be, by commodity and counterparty. Net derivative asset values are determined, in part, by utilization of the derivative counterparties' credit-adjusted risk-free rate curves and net derivative liabilities are determined, in part, by utilization of the Company's credit-adjusted risk-free rate curve. The credit-adjusted risk-free rate curves for the Company and the counterparties are based on their independent market-quoted credit default swap rate curves plus the United States Treasury Bill yield curve as of the valuation date. The Company's credit risk related to derivatives is a counterparty's failure to perform under derivative contracts owed to the Company. The Company uses credit and other financial criteria to evaluate the credit standing of, and to select, counterparties to its derivative instruments. Although the Company does not obtain collateral or otherwise secure the fair value of its derivative instruments, associated credit risk is mitigated by the Company's credit risk policies and procedures. The Company has entered into International Swap Dealers Association Master Agreements ("ISDA Agreements") with each of its derivative counterparties. The terms of the ISDA Agreements provide the Company and the counterparties with rights of set off upon the occurrence of defined acts of default by either the Company or a counterparty to a derivative, whereby the party not in default may set off all derivative liabilities owed to the defaulting party against all derivative asset receivables from the defaulting party. See Note 5 for additional information. Income taxes. The provision for income taxes is determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes and net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The amount of deferred taxes on these temporary differences is determined using the tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, as applicable, based on tax rates and laws in the respective tax jurisdiction enacted as of the balance sheet date. The Company reviews its deferred tax assets for recoverability and establishes a valuation allowance based on projected future taxable income, applicable tax strategies and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not (likelihood of greater than 50 percent) that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, based upon the technical merits of the position. If all or a portion of the unrecognized tax benefit is sustained upon examination by the taxing authorities, the tax benefit will be recognized as a reduction to the Company's deferred tax liability and will affect the Company's effective tax rate in the period it is recognized. See Note 16 for additional information. The Company records any tax-related interest charges as interest expense and any tax-related penalties as other expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Stock-based compensation. Stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance units expected to be settled in the Company's common stock ("Equity Awards") is measured at the grant date or modification date, as applicable, using the fair value of the award, and is recorded, net of estimated forfeitures, on a straight line basis over the vesting period of the respective award. The fair value of Equity Awards, except performance unit awards, is determined on the grant date or modification date, as applicable, using the prior day's closing stock price. The fair value of performance unit awards is determined using the Monte Carlo simulation model. Equity Awards are net settled by withholding shares of the Company's common stock to satisfy income tax withholding payments due upon vesting. Remaining vested shares are remitted to individual employee brokerage accounts. Shares to be delivered upon vesting of Equity Awards are made available from authorized, but unissued shares or shares held as treasury stock. Restricted stock awards expected to be settled in cash on their vesting dates, rather than in common stock ("Liability Awards"), are classified as accounts payable – due to affiliates on the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of Liability Awards on the grant date is determined using the prior day's closing stock price. Liability Awards are marked to fair value as of each balance sheet date using the closing stock price on the balance sheet date. Changes in the fair value of Liability Awards are recorded as increases or decreases to stock-based compensation expense. Equity Awards and Liability awards participate in dividends during vesting periods and generally vest over three years . Segments. Based upon how the Company is organized and managed, the Company has one reportable operating segment, which is oil and gas development, exploration and production. The Company considers its vertical integration services as ancillary to its oil and gas development, exploration and producing activities and manages these services to support such activities. In addition, the Company has a single, company-wide management team that allocates capital resources to maximize profitability and measures financial performance as a single enterprise. New accounting pronouncements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)" ("ASC 842"). ASC 842 requires lessees to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities for those leases currently classified as operating leases and makes certain changes to the accounting for lease expenses. This standard will be effective for the Company for interim periods beginning January 1, 2019. ASC 842 should be applied using a modified retrospective approach. The Company will elect to apply transition guidance under ASU 2018-11, "Leases (Topic 842) Targeted Improvements," in which ASC 842 is applied at the adoption date, while the comparative periods will continue to be reported in accordance with historic accounting under ASC 840, "Leases." This standard does not apply to leases to explore for or use minerals, oil or gas resources, including the right to explore for those natural resources and rights to use the land in which those natural resources are contained. Based on its current commitments, the Company will be required to recognize lease assets and liabilities related to drilling rig commitments, certain equipment rentals and leases, certain surface use agreements and potentially other arrangements. The Company plans to apply certain practical expedients provided in ASC 842 that, among other things, allow entities to not reassess contracts that commenced prior to adoption and to not recognize right of use assets and lease liabilities related to short-term leases. The adoption of ASC 842 will have a material impact on the Company's consolidated balance sheets, but will not have an impact on the consolidated statements of operations or the consolidated statements of cash flows. In preparation for the adoption of the standard, the Company has developed internal controls applicable to the process used to determine financial information required to be |